Observation device and method for simulating metal particle motion of GIS equipment switch motion

Abstract

The invention relates to an observation device and method for simulating GIS equipment switch action metal particle motion, the device comprises a GIS simulation cavity, a vibration applying mechanism and a particle observation mechanism, the vibration applying mechanism applies mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity; the particle observation mechanism collects the motion trail of the metal particles in real time. According to the device, the vibration of a shell is actually measured by means of a vibration detection mechanism when GIS equipment is switched on and off, mechanical vibration and transient overvoltage conditions generated by the GIS equipment switching on and off operation are equivalently simulated by means of a vibration applying mechanism and a voltage applying mechanism, and the movement conditions of sunken metal particles are recorded in the whole process by means of a particle observation mechanism. Furthermore, the influence of the GIS equipment vibration parameters on metal particle escape is quantitatively analyzed, the influence mechanism of the GIS equipment switch operation on the sinking particle escape phenomenon is obtained, and an important research basis and data support are provided for an optimization scheme for suppressing sinking particle movement under the GIS equipment switch operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of insulation detection of power equipment, and in particular to an observation device and method for simulating the movement of metal particles in the switching action of GIS equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of ultra-high voltage (UHV) projects in recent years, gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) has been widely adopted in power systems due to its significant advantages in space utilization, reliability, and ease of maintenance. Its reliability is directly related to the safe operation of the power grid. Currently, insulation failure is a major factor limiting the reliability of GIS equipment. Discharges caused by metal particles account for over half of all insulation failures in GIS equipment, making it the primary factor affecting GIS operational reliability. Particle traps are a key technology for suppressing metal particles within GIS. Metal particles within the GIS are trapped in the low-field region created by the particle trap, making it difficult for them to initiate, thereby suppressing insulation failure caused by particle discharges. However, GIS switching operations are accompanied by transient overvoltages and mechanical vibrations, which can cause metal particles to escape from the particle traps and migrate to higher-field regions, triggering particle discharges, significantly impacting the insulation performance of the GIS. However, due to the inability to observe the movement of metal particles within the particle traps, research and analysis on the effects of mechanical vibration and transient overvoltages generated by GIS switching operations on trapped particles is currently lacking. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment, so as to observe and analyze the movement of trapped metal particles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an observation device and method for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment, specifically adopting the following technical solutions:

[0004] An observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles in the switching action of GIS equipment, comprising a GIS simulation cavity, a vibration applying mechanism, and a particle observation mechanism.

[0005] The GIS simulation chamber is provided with coaxially arranged high-voltage electrodes, and the inner wall of the GIS simulation chamber is provided with a grid-type particle trap, in which metal particles are arranged; an observation window is provided on the side or end of the GIS simulation chamber;

[0006] The vibration applying mechanism is located outside the GIS simulation cavity and is in close contact with the side surface of the GIS simulation cavity, and the vibration applying mechanism applies mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity;

[0007] The particle observation mechanism is facing the observation window of the GIS simulation cavity, and the movement trajectory of the metal particles is collected in real time through the particle observation mechanism.

[0008] Optional: The vibration applying mechanism includes a shell, a counterweight, a vibrating member, a buffer spring, an electromagnet and a power control module, the shell is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity connected up and down, wherein the counterweight is located inside the first cavity, one end of the vibrating member is provided with an abutment boss, the abutment boss is located in the first cavity, and the buffer spring is arranged on the part of the vibrating member between the abutment boss and the bottom of the first cavity, and the vibrating member is shock-absorbing and collision-protected by the buffer spring; the other end of the vibrating member is connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet and the power control module are both arranged in the second cavity, and the power control module is connected to the electromagnet via a cable, and the input current and vibration parameters of the electromagnet are adjusted by the power control module, thereby controlling the electromagnet to drive the vibrating member to generate corresponding vibration force.

[0009] Optionally, the amplitude of the mechanical vibration applied by the vibration applying mechanism to the GIS simulation cavity is obtained by measuring the vibration parameters of the shell during the actual GIS device switch operation, wherein the shell vibration parameters are collected by the vibration detection mechanism.

[0010] Optional: The vibration detection mechanism includes an acceleration sensor and a signal conditioning device, wherein the acceleration sensor is close to the outer surface of the GIS simulation cavity, and the acceleration sensor is used to collect the mechanical vibration of the GIS simulation cavity; the signal conditioning device adopts an IEPE constant current adapter, and the signal conditioning device is used to generate a stable constant current source and transmit it to the acceleration sensor, and the signal conditioning device filters and amplifies the analog signal of the acceleration sensor.

[0011] Optional: The particle observation mechanism includes a high-speed camera, a computer unit and a light source, wherein the light source is arranged at the observation window on the side of the GIS simulation cavity, and the light source is used to provide a lighting environment inside the GIS simulation cavity; the high-speed camera is arranged at the observation window at the end of the GIS simulation cavity, the computer unit is communicatively connected to the high-speed camera, and a motion analysis unit is provided inside the computer unit, the high-speed camera captures the motion image of the metal particles in the GIS simulation cavity and transmits it to the computer unit, and the motion analysis unit analyzes the motion trajectory of the metal particles through the motion image of the metal particles.

[0012] Optionally: the observation device further includes a voltage applying mechanism, which is located at one end of the GIS simulation cavity and is connected to a high-voltage electrode inside the GIS simulation cavity.

[0013] Optionally: the voltage application mechanism includes an industrial frequency DC power supply, an impulse voltage generator, a weakly damped impulse capacitor voltage divider, a voltage control mechanism, a chopping device and an impulse measuring mechanism, the industrial frequency DC power supply is connected to the input end of the impulse voltage generator through a power line, the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected to the input end of the chopping device, and the output end of the chopping device is connected to the high-voltage electrode in the GIS simulation cavity; the voltage control mechanism and the control loop of the impulse voltage generator adjust the output voltage through the voltage control mechanism; the weakly damped impulse capacitor voltage divider is connected in parallel to the output end of the impulse voltage generator, and the weakly damped impulse capacitor voltage divider is connected to the impulse measuring mechanism, and the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator is collected through the impulse measuring mechanism.

[0014] Optionally, the metal particles may be in the form of spheres, flakes or lines.

[0015] Optionally, the grid-type particle trap uses a plurality of side-by-side arc-shaped grid grooves, and a gap is provided between the bottom of the arc-shaped grid groove and the GIS simulation cavity, and the coverage angle of the arc-shaped grid groove relative to the GIS simulation cavity is at least 150 degrees.

[0016] In addition, the present application also discloses a method for observing the movement of metal particles simulating the switching action of GIS equipment. The method is applied to the above-mentioned observation device for observing the movement of metal particles simulating the switching action of GIS equipment. The method comprises the following steps:

[0017] Pre-measure the shell vibration parameters of the actual GIS equipment during switching operation;

[0018] Cleaning of metal particles of different sizes, GIS simulation chamber and grid-type particle traps located in the GIS simulation chamber;

[0019] Metal particles of different sizes are placed under the grid-type particle trap in the GIS simulation chamber;

[0020] Setting up the particle observation mechanism outside the GIS simulation cavity and debugging it;

[0021] The voltage applying mechanism applies preset voltages of different levels to the high voltage electrodes of the GIS simulation cavity;

[0022] The vibration applying mechanism applies corresponding mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity according to the housing vibration parameters;

[0023] The particle observation mechanism is used to obtain the motion states of metal particles of different specifications under preset voltages of different levels, and to analyze the starting changes and escape probabilities of the metal particles.

[0024] Beneficial effects

[0025] The technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present application's observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during GIS device switching utilizes a vibration detection mechanism to measure the vibration parameters of the GIS device housing during switching operations. It also utilizes a vibration application mechanism and a voltage application mechanism to equivalently simulate the mechanical vibration and transient overvoltage conditions generated by the GIS device switching operation. Furthermore, a particle observation mechanism is employed to record the movement of trapped metal particles throughout the entire process. By simulating the movement of trapped metal particles within the GIS device, the aforementioned observation device quantitatively analyzes the impact of GIS device vibration parameters on metal particle escape, thereby determining the mechanism by which GIS device switching operations affect the escape of trapped particles. This provides an important research foundation and data support for optimizing solutions to suppress the movement of trapped particles during GIS device switching operations, and is of great significance for improving the operational reliability of GIS equipment and reducing insulation failures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles in the switching action of GIS equipment in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral coordination between the vibration applying mechanism and the GIS simulation cavity in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the forward cooperation between the vibration applying mechanism and the GIS simulation cavity in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the vibration applying mechanism in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] The specific meanings of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are:

[0032] 1-GIS simulation cavity; 101-high-voltage electrode; 102-grid-type particle trap; 103-metal particles; 2-vibration application mechanism; 201-housing; 202-counterweight block; 203-buffer spring; 204-vibrator; 205-electromagnet; 206-power control module; 3-voltage application mechanism; 4-particle observation mechanism; 5-vibration detection mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment specifically discloses an observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles 103 during the switching operation phase of GIS equipment. The device includes a GIS simulation cavity 1, a vibration applying mechanism 2, and a particle observation mechanism 4.

[0035] In this embodiment, the GIS simulation chamber 1 is coaxially equipped with a high-voltage electrode 101. The high-voltage electrode 101 is cylindrical with a radius of 15 mm. The GIS simulation chamber 1 is also cylindrical, with an inner radius of 125 mm, an outer radius of 148 mm, and a thickness of 23 mm. The distance between the high-voltage electrode 101 and the inner wall of the GIS simulation chamber 1 is maintained at 110 mm.

[0036] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a grid-type particle trap 102 is provided on the inner wall of the GIS simulation chamber 1. This grid-type particle trap 102 utilizes a plurality of side-by-side arcuate grid slots. For example, in this embodiment, six arcuate grid slots are provided, with adjacent arcuate grid slots spaced 15 mm apart. Each arcuate grid slot is 5 mm thick and 10 mm wide. A gap of at least 5 mm is provided between the bottom of each arcuate grid slot and the GIS simulation chamber 1. The metal particles 103 are deposited on the inner wall of the GIS simulation chamber 1 below the arcuate grid slots. In addition, in this embodiment, the coverage angle of the arc-shaped grid groove relative to the GIS simulation cavity 1 is at least 150 degrees, that is, the central axis of the GIS simulation cavity 1 is projected along the direction of gravity to obtain a projection plane, and the projection plane is used as the symmetry plane. The individual arc-shaped grid grooves are symmetrically distributed, and the ends of the arc-shaped grid grooves form an angle with the central axis of the GIS simulation cavity 1. The angle is greater than or equal to 150 degrees, and its purpose is to significantly limit the movement of metal particles 103 to the high voltage area.

[0037] In addition, the main purpose of the observation device of this embodiment is to observe the movement state of the metal particles 103 in the particle trap. Therefore, observation windows are provided on the side and end of the GIS simulation cavity 1. The observation window located on the side of the GIS simulation cavity 1 is mainly used to provide external illumination to the position of the particle trap; and the observation window located at the end of the GIS simulation cavity 1 is mainly used for the observation equipment to capture and observe the metal particles 103.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to simulate the vibration during the switching operation of the GIS equipment, this embodiment sets a vibration applying mechanism 2 on the outside of the GIS simulation cavity 1, and the vibration applying mechanism 2 is close to the side surface of the GIS simulation cavity 1, and the vibration applying mechanism 2 is used to apply mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity 1.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the vibration applying mechanism 2 of this embodiment includes a housing 201, a counterweight 202, a vibrating member 204, a buffer spring 203, an electromagnet 205, and a power control module 206. The housing 201 is provided with a first cavity and a second cavity that communicate with each other vertically. The housing 201 serves as the support structure for the entire vibration applying mechanism 2, primarily protecting the internal components of the mechanism. The counterweight 202 is located within the first cavity and is used to adjust the vibration amplitude and balance the vibration force. One end of the vibrating member 204 is provided with an abutment boss located within the first cavity. The buffer spring 203 is mounted between the abutment boss and the bottom of the first cavity, providing shock absorption and collision protection for the vibrating member 204. The other end of the vibrating member 204 is connected to the electromagnet 205. The electromagnet 205 and the power control module 206 are both located within the second cavity. The electromagnet 205 is used to generate a magnetic field and a corresponding vibration force based on the input power. The power control module 206 is connected to the electromagnet 205 via a cable. The power control module 206 can adjust the input current and vibration parameters of the electromagnet 205, thereby controlling the electromagnet 205 to drive the vibrator 204 to generate a corresponding vibration force. It should be noted that when the vibration applying mechanism 2 of this embodiment applies vibration to the GIS simulation cavity 1, it must first ensure that the upper portion of the first cavity is in close contact with the outer wall of the GIS simulation cavity 1. When the internal electromagnet 205 is energized to generate magnetic force, it will drive the connected vibrator 204 to move together. The vibration force generated by the vibrator 204 and the counterweight 202 is transmitted to the GIS simulation cavity 1.

[0040] In this embodiment, the particle observation mechanism 4 is positioned directly opposite the observation window of the GIS simulation chamber 1, and the motion trajectory of the metal particles 103 is captured in real time through the particle observation mechanism 4. It should be noted that the particle observation mechanism 4 in this embodiment includes a high-speed camera, a computer unit, and a light source. The light source is located in the observation window on the side of the GIS simulation chamber 1, providing a lighting environment within the GIS simulation chamber 1. The high-speed camera is located in the observation window at the end of the GIS simulation chamber 1. The computer unit is communicatively connected to the high-speed camera via a signal interface, and can transmit real-time captured images to the computer unit. Because the computer unit is internally equipped with a motion analysis unit, the high-speed camera captures the motion images of the metal particles 103 within the GIS simulation chamber 1, and after transmitting them to the computer unit, the motion analysis unit analyzes the motion trajectory of the metal particles 103 based on the motion images of the metal particles 103.

[0041] It should be noted that the motion analysis unit described in this embodiment utilizes a target tracking algorithm based on inter-frame differencing. This algorithm performs differential operations on multiple, temporally consecutive image frames. By subtracting corresponding pixels from each frame, the absolute value of the grayscale difference is determined. When the absolute value exceeds a certain threshold, the target is identified as a moving object, thereby achieving moving target detection. This embodiment automatically tracks and analyzes targets, displaying results such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, and angle changes over time according to preset rules.

[0042] In addition, the amplitude of the mechanical vibration applied by the vibration applying mechanism 2 to the GIS simulation cavity 1 in this embodiment can be obtained by measuring the shell vibration parameters during the actual GIS device switch operation, wherein the shell vibration parameters are collected by the vibration detection mechanism 5. Specifically, the vibration detection mechanism 5 includes an acceleration sensor and a signal conditioning device, wherein the acceleration sensor of this embodiment preferably adopts a high-sensitivity 601A02ICP acceleration sensor. The acceleration sensor is in close contact with the outer surface of the GIS simulation cavity 1, and the acceleration sensor is used to collect the mechanical vibration of the GIS simulation cavity 1; since the acceleration sensor has a large impedance and a weak output signal current, it is not suitable for long-distance transmission. Therefore, when using the sensor, a signal conditioning device is required to provide a DC signal power supply. The signal conditioning device in this embodiment adopts an IEPE constant current adapter with an output gain of 20dB. The signal conditioning device is used to generate a stable constant current source and transmit it to the acceleration sensor, and the signal conditioning device filters and amplifies the analog signal of the acceleration sensor.

[0043] Furthermore, since the actual switching action of the GIS equipment will be accompanied by the generation of transient overvoltage, this embodiment simulates the transient overvoltage condition during the movement of the metal particles 103 during the switching action stage of the GIS equipment, and is also provided with a voltage applying mechanism 3. The voltage applying mechanism 3 is located at one end of the GIS simulation cavity 1, and the voltage applying mechanism 3 is connected to the high-voltage electrode 101 inside the GIS simulation cavity 1. It should be noted that the high-voltage electrode 101 of a general GIS equipment is connected to the high-voltage power grid through an insulating sleeve. Therefore, in this embodiment, an insulating sleeve structure can also be provided at the end of the high-voltage electrode 101 in the GIS simulation cavity 1, and then the voltage applying mechanism 3 is connected to the insulating sleeve.

[0044] Specifically, the voltage application mechanism 3 of this embodiment includes an industrial frequency DC power supply, an impulse voltage generator, a weakly damped impulse capacitor divider, a voltage control mechanism, a chopping device, and an impulse measurement mechanism. The industrial frequency DC power supply is used to simulate the high-voltage power grid to which actual GIS equipment is connected, providing a power source for the subsequent impulse voltage generator. The industrial frequency DC power supply is connected to the input of the impulse voltage generator via a power cord, the output of the impulse voltage generator is connected to the input of the chopping device, and the output of the chopping device is connected to the high-voltage electrode 101 within the GIS simulation cavity 1. The chopping device can truncate the impulse voltage waveform as needed to meet the transient overvoltage requirements of the high-voltage electrode 101. The voltage control mechanism is connected to the control circuit of the impulse voltage generator and regulates the output voltage through the voltage control mechanism. The weakly damped impulse capacitor divider is connected in parallel to the output of the impulse voltage generator and is also connected to the impulse measurement mechanism, which collects the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator through the impulse measurement mechanism.

[0045] To study the motion of metal particles 103 of varying sizes, the metal particles 103 described in this embodiment can be spherical, flake, or linear. For example, the number of particles used in this embodiment is set to 10, representing the different types and sizes of metal particles 103 generated within the pipeline during GIS operation. Spherical particles can have radii of 0.8 mm and 1 mm; flake particles can have sizes of 0.15 × 12 mm and 0.35 × 22 mm; and linear particles can have sizes of 5 × 0.5 mm and 8 × 0.5 mm.

[0046] Furthermore, this embodiment also discloses a method for observing the movement of metal particles 103 during the switching operation phase of the simulated GIS device, based on the above-mentioned observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles 103 during the switching operation phase of the simulated GIS device. The observation method includes the following steps:

[0047] Pre-measure the shell vibration parameters of the actual GIS equipment during switching operation;

[0048] Cleaning the metal particles 103 of different sizes, the GIS simulation chamber 1, and the grid-type particle trap 102 located in the GIS simulation chamber 1;

[0049] Metal particles 103 of different sizes are placed below the grid-type particle trap 102 in the GIS simulation chamber 1;

[0050] The particle observation mechanism 4 is set up outside the GIS simulation cavity 1 and debugged;

[0051] The voltage applying mechanism 3 applies preset voltages of different levels to the high voltage electrode 101 of the GIS simulation cavity 1;

[0052] The vibration applying mechanism 2 applies corresponding mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity 1 according to the housing vibration parameters;

[0053] The particle observation mechanism 4 is used to obtain the motion states of metal particles 103 of different specifications under different levels of preset voltages, and to analyze the start-up changes and escape probabilities of the metal particles 103 .

[0054] It should be understood that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0055] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0056] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0057] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0058] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiment can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiment; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROM), magnetic disks or optical disks, and other media that can store program codes.

[0060] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present application is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for enabling a device (which can be a terminal or platform, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0061] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment, characterized in that: The device includes a GIS simulation cavity, a vibration applying mechanism and a particle observation mechanism. The GIS simulation chamber is provided with coaxially arranged high-voltage electrodes, and the inner wall of the GIS simulation chamber is provided with a grid-type particle trap, in which metal particles are arranged; an observation window is provided on the side or end of the GIS simulation chamber; The vibration applying mechanism is located outside the GIS simulation cavity and is in close contact with the side surface of the GIS simulation cavity, and the vibration applying mechanism applies mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity; The particle observation mechanism is facing the observation window of the GIS simulation cavity, and the movement trajectory of the metal particles is collected in real time through the particle observation mechanism.

2. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration applying mechanism includes a shell, a counterweight, a vibrating member, a buffer spring, an electromagnet and a power control module. A first cavity and a second cavity connected to each other from top to bottom are provided in the shell, wherein the counterweight is located inside the first cavity, and an abutting boss is provided at one end of the vibrating member, which is located in the first cavity, and the buffer spring is sleeved on the part of the vibrating member between the abutting boss and the bottom of the first cavity, and the vibrating member is shock-absorbing and collision-protected by the buffer spring; the end of the other end of the vibrating member is connected to the electromagnet, and the electromagnet and the power control module are both arranged in the second cavity. The power control module is connected to the electromagnet via a cable, and the input current and vibration parameters of the electromagnet are adjusted by the power control module, thereby controlling the electromagnet to drive the vibrating member to generate corresponding vibration force.

3. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude of the mechanical vibration applied by the vibration applying mechanism to the GIS simulation cavity is obtained by measuring the vibration parameters of the housing during the actual GIS device switch operation, wherein the housing vibration parameters are collected by the vibration detection mechanism.

4. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration detection mechanism includes an acceleration sensor and a signal conditioning device, wherein the acceleration sensor is closely attached to the outer surface of the GIS simulation cavity and is used to collect the mechanical vibration of the GIS simulation cavity; the signal conditioning device adopts an IEPE constant current adapter, and the signal conditioning device is used to generate a stable constant current source and transmit it to the acceleration sensor, and the signal conditioning device filters and amplifies the analog signal of the acceleration sensor.

5. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle observation mechanism includes a high-speed camera, a computer unit and a light source, wherein the light source is arranged at an observation window on the side of the GIS simulation cavity, and the light source is used to provide a lighting environment inside the GIS simulation cavity; the high-speed camera is arranged at the observation window at the end of the GIS simulation cavity, the computer unit is communicatively connected to the high-speed camera, and a motion analysis unit is provided inside the computer unit. The high-speed camera captures the motion image of the metal particles in the GIS simulation cavity and transmits it to the computer unit. The motion analysis unit analyzes the motion trajectory of the metal particles through the motion image of the metal particles.

6. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation device further includes a voltage applying mechanism, which is located at one end of the GIS simulation cavity and is connected to a high-voltage electrode inside the GIS simulation cavity.

7. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage application mechanism includes an industrial frequency DC power supply, an impulse voltage generator, a weakly damped impulse capacitor voltage divider, a voltage control mechanism, a chopping device and an impulse measurement mechanism. The industrial frequency DC power supply is connected to the input end of the impulse voltage generator through a power line, the output end of the impulse voltage generator is connected to the input end of the chopping device, and the output end of the chopping device is connected to the high-voltage electrode in the GIS simulation cavity; the voltage control mechanism and the control loop of the impulse voltage generator are used to adjust the output voltage through the voltage control mechanism; the weakly damped impulse capacitor voltage divider is connected in parallel to the output end of the impulse voltage generator, and the weakly damped impulse capacitor voltage divider is connected to the impulse measurement mechanism, and the output voltage of the impulse voltage generator is collected through the impulse measurement mechanism.

8. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal particles may be in the form of spheres, flakes or lines.

9. The observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles during the switching action of GIS equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grid-type particle trap uses a plurality of side-by-side arc-shaped grid slots, and a gap is provided between the bottom of the arc-shaped grid slots and the GIS simulation cavity. The coverage angle of the arc-shaped grid slots relative to the GIS simulation cavity is at least 150 degrees.

10. A method for observing the movement of metal particles simulating the switching action of GIS equipment, characterized in that: The observation method is applied to the observation device for simulating the movement of metal particles in the switching action of GIS equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the observation method comprises the following steps: Pre-measure the shell vibration parameters of the actual GIS equipment during switching operation; Cleaning of metal particles of different sizes, GIS simulation chamber and grid-type particle traps located in the GIS simulation chamber; Metal particles of different sizes are placed under the grid-type particle trap in the GIS simulation chamber; Setting up the particle observation mechanism outside the GIS simulation cavity and debugging it; The voltage applying mechanism applies preset voltages of different levels to the high voltage electrodes of the GIS simulation cavity; The vibration applying mechanism applies corresponding mechanical vibration to the GIS simulation cavity according to the housing vibration parameters; The particle observation mechanism is used to obtain the motion states of metal particles of different specifications under preset voltages of different levels, and to analyze the starting changes and escape probabilities of the metal particles.

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