Self-adaptive temperature control method of multistage power topology and transformation system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of voltage transformation, and particularly relates to a multistage power topology self-adaptive temperature control method and a voltage transformation system.The method comprises the steps that first temperature data are generated by collecting the real-time temperature of target equipment, and the power topology level where a current load is located is divided according to the first temperature data; generating a corresponding voltage adjusting instruction based on the level, and generating a control signal matched with the input characteristic to drive topology switching; after the voltage is adjusted, second temperature data are continuously collected, a temperature compensation value is calculated through comparative analysis and used for updating the voltage instruction, and closed-loop control is formed; the dynamic linkage control between the voltage output and the temperature change is realized, the response capability of the system to the load fluctuation and the thermal management precision are improved, and the problem of system instability caused by untimely voltage regulation or temperature control lag in the prior art is effectively solved, so that the overall operation efficiency and reliability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of voltage transformation, and in particular relates to a multi-stage power topology adaptive temperature control method and a voltage transformation system. Background Art

[0002] In power electronics systems, especially in multi-level power topology applications, changes in load conditions often cause fluctuations in voltage output and temperature characteristics. To maintain stable system operation, existing technologies generally adopt open-loop or fixed-level voltage control strategies, combined with independent temperature monitoring modules for over-temperature protection. For example, traditional solutions typically set fixed voltage output levels to cope with different load conditions, while relying on temperature sensors to collect device temperature. When the temperature exceeds a safe threshold, passive thermal protection measures such as frequency reduction, current limiting, or partial circuit shutdown are triggered.

[0003] However, this control approach has significant limitations. Due to the dynamic coupling between voltage regulation and temperature changes, fixed voltage control cannot adapt to temperature fluctuations caused by rapid load changes, resulting in delayed system response and even conflict between voltage regulation and temperature control. Furthermore, existing solutions lack proactive temperature trend prediction and active compensation mechanisms, making it difficult to achieve efficient and stable coordinated control under complex operating conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adaptive temperature control method and a transformer system for a multi-stage power topology, which realizes dynamic linkage control between voltage output and temperature changes, improves the system's responsiveness to load fluctuations and thermal management accuracy, and effectively solves the system instability problem caused by untimely voltage regulation or delayed temperature control in the prior art, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a multi-level power topology adaptive temperature control method, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Detecting the real-time temperature of the target device to generate first temperature data, and based on the first temperature data, analyzing the current load state and dividing the load into a preset multi-level power topology level;

[0007] generating voltage adjustment instructions corresponding to the multi-level power topology hierarchy according to the multi-level power topology hierarchy, and generating a control signal by dynamically matching the voltage adjustment instructions with input characteristics of a target device;

[0008] Using the control signal to drive the power topology switching module, adjust the voltage output level, monitor the effect of the adjusted voltage output level on the temperature, and generate second temperature data;

[0009] By comparing the first temperature data with the second temperature data, a temperature compensation value is calculated, and the temperature compensation value is combined with the current power topology level to update the voltage adjustment instruction and trigger the next round of topology switching.

[0010] Preferably, generating the first temperature data includes:

[0011] Collect temperature values ​​at multiple points on the surface of the target device to form an initial temperature sequence;

[0012] Performing sliding window mean calculation on the initial temperature sequence, and weighting the temperature values ​​in the window using a weight distribution method to obtain a filtered temperature value;

[0013] The filtered temperature value is compared with a preset reference temperature, the difference between the two is calculated, and the abnormal temperature point is corrected according to the dynamic compensation factor to obtain a corrected temperature value, which is output as the first temperature data.

[0014] Preferably, analyzing the current load state and dividing it into preset multi-level power topology levels includes:

[0015] Obtain the current voltage output level and load current sampling value, and calculate the current power consumption value;

[0016] Comparing the current power consumption value with the historical average power to obtain a power change rate value;

[0017] According to the range of the power change rate value, matching a preset power-level mapping table to determine the corresponding power topology level;

[0018] Based on the power topology level and the current temperature trend, it is determined whether topology switching needs to be triggered in advance. If the conditions are met, it is marked as a pending switching state.

[0019] Preferably, the generating of the voltage adjustment instruction corresponding to the level includes:

[0020] According to the currently determined power topology level, a preset voltage offset reference value is retrieved;

[0021] Calculate the available adjustment range based on the maximum allowable voltage fluctuation range corresponding to the power topology level and the current output voltage deviation;

[0022] If the current output voltage deviation exceeds the allowable range, the voltage adjustment amplitude is limited to a boundary value to generate a corrected voltage offset;

[0023] The voltage offset reference value is added to the corrected voltage offset to generate a final voltage adjustment instruction.

[0024] Preferably, generating a control signal includes:

[0025] Receive the voltage adjustment instruction and the current input voltage, and calculate the voltage difference between the two;

[0026] Determining a time step required for voltage regulation based on the voltage difference and a preset slope parameter;

[0027] The voltage change process is divided into multiple pulse sequences with equal time intervals, and each pulse sequence outputs a corresponding duty cycle value;

[0028] The duty cycle value is converted into a driving pulse signal and output to the power switch element through an isolation circuit to form a continuously regulated control signal.

[0029] Preferably, adjusting the voltage output level includes:

[0030] Receive the driving pulse signal and select the conduction path through the power switch array to form a primary voltage transformation circuit;

[0031] Based on the conduction path, the access ratio of the multi-stage winding is controlled to adjust the transformer ratio, and based on the voltage transformation, the corresponding synchronous rectification unit is enabled;

[0032] The output voltage is monitored through a feedback sampling circuit. If the deviation from the target value exceeds the tolerance, the winding access ratio is fine-tuned to achieve closed-loop voltage regulation.

[0033] Preferably, generating the second temperature data includes:

[0034] After the voltage output level adjustment is completed, start the timed sampling to obtain a new round of multi-point temperature readings of the target device;

[0035] The multi-point temperature readings are processed using an exponentially weighted moving average, and an average temperature value is calculated in combination with an attenuation parameter;

[0036] Comparing the average temperature value with a preset temperature change threshold, and marking a significant temperature change event if the difference exceeds the range;

[0037] The significant temperature change event state and the average temperature value are combined to generate second temperature data.

[0038] Preferably, the calculating of the temperature compensation value includes:

[0039] Obtaining the first temperature data before adjustment and the second temperature data after adjustment, and calculating the temperature difference between the two;

[0040] deriving a temperature response corresponding to a unit voltage change based on the temperature difference and the current voltage output level;

[0041] An expected temperature offset is calculated according to the temperature response and a preset reference voltage step, and the expected temperature offset is written into an adjustment parameter pool as a temperature compensation value.

[0042] Preferably, updating the voltage adjustment instruction and triggering the next round of topology switching includes:

[0043] Read the latest temperature compensation value written from the adjustment parameter pool and combine it with the reference voltage of the current power topology level;

[0044] Performing a pre-correction on the voltage offset based on the temperature compensation value, and calculating a corrected voltage target value;

[0045] The corrected voltage target value is compared with the output voltage limit range. If it exceeds the limit, it is cut into the allowable range to generate the final updated voltage adjustment instruction;

[0046] The power-level mapping table is re-matched according to the voltage adjustment instruction. If the corresponding level is different from the current level, a new round of topology switching request is triggered.

[0047] On the other hand, the present invention provides a multi-level power topology adaptive temperature control transformer system, comprising:

[0048] A load status analysis module, configured to detect the real-time temperature of a target device, generate first temperature data, analyze the current load status based on the first temperature data, and classify the load status into a preset multi-level power topology hierarchy;

[0049] a control signal matching module, configured to generate a voltage adjustment instruction corresponding to the multi-level power topology level according to the multi-level power topology level, and generate a control signal by dynamically matching the voltage adjustment instruction with the input characteristics of the target device;

[0050] a voltage regulation execution module, configured to drive the power topology switching module using the control signal to adjust the voltage output level, monitor the effect of the adjusted voltage output level on the temperature, and generate second temperature data;

[0051] The voltage instruction update module is used to calculate a temperature compensation value by comparing the first temperature data with the second temperature data, and update the voltage adjustment instruction and trigger the next round of topology switching by combining the temperature compensation value with the current power topology level.

[0052] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: The adaptive temperature control method and transformer system of the multi-level power topology proposed in the present invention have the following advantages over the prior art:

[0053] The present invention generates first temperature data by collecting the real-time temperature of the target device, and divides the power topology level of the current load accordingly; then generates corresponding voltage adjustment instructions based on the level, and generates a control signal matching the input characteristics to drive topology switching; after the voltage adjustment, continues to collect second temperature data, calculates the temperature compensation value through comparative analysis, and uses it to update the voltage instruction to form a closed-loop control; realizes dynamic linkage control between voltage output and temperature change, improves the system's responsiveness to load fluctuations and thermal management accuracy, and effectively solves the system instability problem caused by untimely voltage regulation or delayed temperature control in the prior art, thereby improving overall operating efficiency and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 Flowchart of the adaptive temperature control method of the multi-stage power topology of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 A block diagram of the adaptive temperature control transformer system of the multi-stage power topology of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a temperature correction process curve diagram of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a timing diagram of the voltage regulation process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The present invention provides Figure 1 The adaptive temperature control method of a multi-level power topology shown includes the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Detecting the real-time temperature of the target device and generating first temperature data; including the following steps:

[0061] The distributed thermistor array is used to collect temperature values ​​at multiple points on the surface of the target device to form an initial temperature sequence;

[0062] The sliding window mean of the initial temperature sequence is used to calculate the filtered temperature. The formula is: in:

[0063] Tfiltered It is a temperature value after weighted averaging, which is used to reduce noise and instantaneous fluctuations in the original temperature reading and provide a more stable and smooth temperature representation.

[0064] T i is the i-th temperature reading in the sliding window. Here i refers to each individual temperature measurement point in the window, and each T i Represents the actual temperature measurement result at a point in time.

[0065] W i Corresponding to T i The weight coefficient reflects the importance of a specific temperature reading in the overall average calculation. Different applications may need to adjust these weights based on actual conditions. For example, newer data may be given a higher weight to respond more quickly to the latest changes.

[0066] ∑(T i W i ) is the sum of the products of all temperature readings within the window and their corresponding weights. This sum-of-products approach ensures that readings that are considered more important (with higher weights) have a greater impact on the final result.

[0067] ∑W i is the sum of all weight coefficients. Its use as the denominator ensures that the result of the weighted average is not affected by the absolute size of the weights, but rather by the relative proportions between the individual readings.

[0068] The purpose of the entire formula is to generate a more accurate and stable temperature value (T filtered This approach helps to eliminate the impact of single or occasional abnormal temperature readings on the overall assessment, and can adjust the importance of different readings according to specific circumstances (by changing their respective weights W i ), so that the final temperature value can better reflect the actual situation.

[0069] Based on T filtered The difference ΔT from the preset reference temperature is used to correct the abnormal temperature point. The correction formula is T co =T filtered +α*ΔT, where:

[0070] T co is the original filtered temperature (T filtered ) based on the difference from the reference temperature (ΔT) and a dynamic compensation factor (α) to eliminate errors caused by outliers or environmental factors.

[0071] α is the dynamic compensation factor, an adjustment coefficient that determines the magnitude of the correction based on ΔT. The choice of α can be adjusted based on the specific application scenario to better adapt to different environmental conditions or error levels. For example, when rapid response to changes is required, α can be set high; when stability is important, a smaller α value may be chosen.

[0072] ΔT is the temperature difference, which represents the filtered temperature value (T filtered ) and a preset reference temperature. This difference is used to assess whether the current temperature reading has deviated from the expected range and make necessary corrections accordingly.

[0073] The overall meaning of this formula is to convert the filtered temperature value (T filtered ) and adjusts the temperature based on the difference (ΔT) between it and the reference temperature in a certain proportion (determined by α) to obtain a more accurate temperature reading (T co This method is particularly suitable for systems that require high-precision temperature control. It can effectively reduce errors caused by external interference or sensor characteristics, and improve system reliability and accuracy. co It is output as the first temperature data and stored in a local buffer for subsequent analysis.

[0074] Step 2: Based on the first temperature data, analyze the current load state and divide it into a preset multi-level power topology level; including the following steps:

[0075] Get the current voltage output level V output and the load current sampling value I sample , calculate the power consumption value P load =V output I sample ; The meaning of this formula is to convert the output voltage (V output ) and the load current sampling value (I sample ) to calculate the actual power consumption of the load (P load ). This method provides a direct and efficient way to estimate the amount of energy used at any given point in time.

[0076] P load and the historical average power P avg By comparison, we can get the power change rate k=(P load -P avg ) / P avg ;k helps to identify changes in power consumption patterns, thus providing a basis for system control.

[0077] The specific meaning of this formula is to compare the current load power (P load ) and historical average power (Pavg ) and divide this difference by the historical average power (P avg ), a dimensionless proportionality factor (k) is obtained. This proportionality factor clearly shows the magnitude and direction (increase or decrease) of the change in current power consumption relative to the average level.

[0078] If k>0, it means that the current power consumption is higher than the historical average level, and there may be a load increase.

[0079] If k < 0, it indicates that the current power consumption is lower than the historical average, which may be due to load reduction or improved system efficiency.

[0080] When k≈0, it means that the current power consumption is close to the historical average level and the system operates stably.

[0081] According to the range of k, match the preset power-level mapping table to determine the corresponding power topology level L; based on L and the current temperature trend, determine whether to trigger topology switching in advance. If the conditions are met, mark it as a pending switching state.

[0082] Step 3: Generate a voltage adjustment instruction corresponding to the multi-level power topology level according to the multi-level power topology level; including the following steps:

[0083] According to the currently determined power topology level L, the preset voltage offset reference value is retrieved

[0084] Based on the maximum allowable voltage fluctuation range corresponding to L Combined with the current output voltage deviation ΔV current =V actual -V target , calculate the available adjustment range; V actual Indicates the current actual output voltage value; V target Indicates the preset target voltage value;

[0085] If ΔV current Beyond The voltage adjustment range is limited to Generate the corrected voltage offset V offset =clamp(ΔV current ,-ΔV max ,ΔV max );in:

[0086] clamp(x,min,max) is a function that clamps the input value x to a specified range [min,max]. If x is less than min, it returns min; if x is greater than max, it returns max; if x is between min and max, it returns x itself. This process ensures that the output value does not exceed the preset upper and lower limits.

[0087] ΔV current The current output voltage deviation is the difference between the actual output voltage and the target voltage. This value reflects the amount of voltage adjustment required to bring the actual voltage close to the target voltage.

[0088] -ΔV max ,ΔV max : These are the maximum allowable negative and positive voltage fluctuation ranges, respectively, based on the current power topology level L. These two values ​​define the maximum range by which the voltage can be adjusted without compromising system performance or safety.

[0089] The meaning of this formula is to use the clamp function to set the current output voltage deviation (ΔV current ) is limited by the maximum allowable voltage fluctuation range ( arrive ) is within the range defined by . This is done to prevent excessive voltage adjustments that could cause system instability or other potential problems. Specifically:

[0090] If ΔV current Less than Then V offset is set to

[0091] If ΔV current Greater than Then V offset is set to

[0092] If ΔV current exist arrive Between, then V offset Directly equal to ΔV current .

[0093] This approach ensures that any voltage adjustments are within the safe operating range of the system, helping to maintain system stability and reliability and avoiding problems caused by over-adjustment. With V offset Add together to generate the final voltage adjustment instruction

[0094] Step 4: Generate a control signal by dynamically matching the voltage adjustment instruction with the input characteristics of the target device; including the following steps:

[0095] Receive voltage adjustment command V command With the current input voltage V input , calculate the difference between the two ΔV=V command -V input Based on ΔV and the preset slope factor S, the time step required for voltage regulation is determined as N = abs(ΔV) / S. This formula calculates the ratio of the absolute value of the voltage difference to the maximum allowable rate of change to obtain the total number of steps N required to complete the voltage regulation.

[0096] ΔV is the voltage difference, or the difference between the target voltage and the actual voltage. abs represents its absolute value, ensuring that N remains positive regardless of whether the voltage is increasing or decreasing. S represents the maximum allowable voltage change per unit time. It reflects the rate of change that the system can tolerate during voltage regulation and is typically determined by hardware responsiveness or system stability requirements.

[0097] According to N, the voltage change process is divided into multiple pulse sequences with equal time intervals, and the output duty cycle of each segment is D i =(i*ΔV) / N, where i is an integer from 1 to N, indicating the number of stages into which the entire voltage adjustment process is divided.

[0098] The formula multiplies the current segment number i by the total voltage difference ΔV and divides it by the total number of steps N to obtain the voltage increment ratio that should be achieved in each stage and convert it into the corresponding duty cycle value D i This can achieve segmented control of the voltage change process, allowing the voltage to transition gradually and smoothly from the current value to the target value.

[0099] When i increases (i.e. processing the next paragraph), D i It also increases, indicating that the time the power switch is turned on in each section gradually increases;

[0100] After the entire process is completed, the voltage just reaches the target value, avoiding the impact caused by instantaneous large jumps; this method is often used in digital control power supplies or PWM (pulse width modulation) systems to achieve precise and continuous adjustment of the output voltage.

[0101] D i It is converted into a driving pulse signal and output to the power switching element through an isolation circuit to form a continuously regulated control signal.

[0102] Step 5: Using the control signal to drive the power topology switching module to adjust the voltage output level; including the following steps:

[0103] Receive the driving pulse signal and select the conduction path through the power switch array to form a primary voltage transformation circuit;

[0104] Controlling the access ratio n of multi-level windings based on conduction path ratio =N primary / N secondary , adjust the transformer ratio;

[0105] N primary Primary winding turns: This refers to the total number of turns on the primary side of the transformer. This is the part connected to the power supply, and its number of turns determines how the input voltage is transmitted to the magnetic core, further affecting the output on the secondary side.

[0106] N secondary Secondary winding turns: This refers to the total number of turns on the transformer's secondary winding. This winding is responsible for converting the energy transferred through the magnetic core into the desired output voltage.

[0107] On the basis of voltage transformation, the corresponding synchronous rectification unit is enabled to improve the energy transmission efficiency η=P out / P in ;η reflects the efficiency of the system in energy conversion or transmission.

[0108] P out Output power refers to the useful power actually output by the system or equipment to the load end.

[0109] P in The input power refers to the total power input from the power supply to the system. The output voltage V is monitored by the feedback sampling circuit. out If the deviation from the target value exceeds the tolerance, fine-tune n ratio Achieve closed-loop voltage stabilization.

[0110] Step 6: Monitoring the effect of the adjusted voltage output level on the temperature to generate second temperature data; including the following steps:

[0111] After the voltage output level adjustment is completed, the timed sampling mechanism is started to obtain a new round of multi-point temperature readings of the target device;

[0112] The exponentially weighted moving average is used to process the multi-point temperature readings. The calculation formula is T ewma =β·T current +(1-β)·T prev ,in:

[0113] T ewma : Exponentially weighted moving average temperature value. This is a processed temperature value that not only reflects the current measured temperature (T current ), and also combined with historical temperature data (T prev) to smooth out noise in temperature readings and identify trends in temperature changes.

[0114] β: Decay factor or weight coefficient. This value determines the relative importance of old and new temperature data in calculating the exponentially weighted moving average. β is usually between 0 and 1. When β is close to 1, more weight is given to the most recent temperature reading (T current ), while the influence of historical data is smaller; on the contrary, if β is small, it means that higher importance is given to past temperature data, making the change of temperature trend more gentle.

[0115] T current : The temperature reading collected at the current moment. This is the most recent temperature measurement and directly reflects the actual temperature condition of the target device at that point in time.

[0116] T prev : The exponentially weighted moving average temperature value calculated last time (i.e., T ewma Combined with the current temperature reading, this ensures that the temperature estimate responds quickly to actual temperature changes while avoiding large jumps due to unusual fluctuations in a single reading. This formula is primarily used in the generation of secondary temperature data, applying an exponentially weighted moving average to multiple temperature readings to achieve a more stable and reliable temperature representation.

[0117] T ewma and the preset temperature change threshold ΔT th Compare the values ​​and mark them as significant temperature change events if the difference exceeds the range.

[0118] Combine the status of significant temperature change events with T ewma , generate the second temperature data and store it in the history record area for the next round of compensation calculation.

[0119] Step 7: Calculating a temperature compensation value by comparing the first temperature data with the second temperature data; including the following steps:

[0120] Get the first temperature data T before adjustment initial and the adjusted second temperature data T final , calculate the temperature difference ΔT adj =T final -T initial Based on ΔT adj and the current voltage output level V output , derive the temperature response corresponding to unit voltage change δ=ΔT adj / (V final -V initial ); where V final -V initialIndicates that the output voltage is adjusted from the initial value (V initial ) changes to the final value (V final This difference can be positive (increase voltage) or negative (decrease voltage).

[0121] If δ is large, it means that the system is very sensitive to voltage changes. A small voltage adjustment will cause significant temperature changes, so it needs to be adjusted carefully. If δ is small, it means that the system is relatively stable and voltage fluctuations have limited impact on temperature. ref , calculate the expected temperature offset ΔT est =δ*ΔV ref ; ΔT est It is written into the adjustment parameter pool as the temperature compensation value and used as the basis for pre-correction when generating the next round of voltage instructions.

[0122] Step 8: combining the temperature compensation value with the current power topology level, updating the voltage adjustment instruction and triggering the next round of topology switching; including the following steps:

[0123] Read the latest written temperature compensation value ΔT from the adjustment parameter pool est , and combined with the reference voltage of the current power topology level L

[0124] Based on ΔT est Perform pre-correction on the voltage offset and calculate the corrected voltage target value K is the mapping proportional constant, representing the proportionality coefficient of the effect of temperature changes on voltage regulation. This coefficient reflects the voltage adjustment required to compensate for or adapt to temperature changes in a specific application environment. It can be adjusted based on the specific application scenario and experimental data.

[0125] V new Compare with the output voltage limit range, if it exceeds the limit, cut it to the allowable range, and generate the final updated voltage adjustment instruction;

[0126] The power-level mapping table is re-matched according to the updated voltage adjustment instruction. If the corresponding level is different from the current level, a new round of topology switching request is triggered.

[0127] On the other hand, the present invention provides a multi-level power topology adaptive temperature control transformer system, comprising:

[0128] A load status analysis module, configured to detect the real-time temperature of a target device, generate first temperature data, analyze the current load status based on the first temperature data, and classify the load status into a preset multi-level power topology hierarchy;

[0129] a control signal matching module, configured to generate a voltage adjustment instruction corresponding to the multi-level power topology level according to the multi-level power topology level, and generate a control signal by dynamically matching the voltage adjustment instruction with the input characteristics of the target device;

[0130] a voltage regulation execution module, configured to drive the power topology switching module using the control signal to adjust the voltage output level, monitor the effect of the adjusted voltage output level on the temperature, and generate second temperature data;

[0131] The voltage instruction update module is used to calculate a temperature compensation value by comparing the first temperature data with the second temperature data, and update the voltage adjustment instruction and trigger the next round of topology switching by combining the temperature compensation value with the current power topology level.

[0132] In addition, when executed, the above modules are also used to implement other steps of the above-mentioned adaptive temperature control method for a multi-level power topology, as shown in the following example:

[0133] Assume the target device is a high-power server that generates significant heat during operation. The system needs to dynamically adjust voltage output based on the real-time temperature to avoid overheating and energy waste.

[0134] Step 1: Temperature collection and correction

[0135] The distributed thermistor array collects temperatures at three points: T1 = 42°C, T2 = 45°C, and T3 = 43°C; the sliding window weight W = [0.2, 0.5, 0.3].

[0136] Calculate the weighted average temperature: T filtered =(T1*W1+T2*W2+T3*W3) / (W1+W2+W3)

[0137] =(42*0.2+45*0.5+43*0.3) / (0.2+0.5+0.3)

[0138] =(8.4+22.5+12.9) / 1.0=43.8°C;

[0139] Correct abnormal temperature point, reference temperature T base =40°C, ΔT=43.8-40=3.8°C, dynamic compensation factor α=0.3;

[0140] T co =T filtered +α*ΔT=43.8+0.3*3.8=43.8+1.14=44.94℃;

[0141] The first temperature data T initial =44.94℃.

[0142] Step 2: Load Analysis and Tier Division

[0143] Calculate the current power P load : Output voltage V output =12V, current I sample =8A;

[0144] Formula: P load =V output I sample =12*8=96W;

[0145] Calculate the power change rate k: historical average power P avg =80W, formula:

[0146] k=(P load -P avg ) / P avg =(96-80) / 80=0.2;

[0147] k=0.2 (higher than the reference value of 0.1, indicating an increase in load).

[0148] Matching power-level mapping table:

[0149] Assume mapping rule: k∈[0.1,0.3]→level L=2 (medium load);

[0150] The current temperature trend (44.94°C) does not exceed the threshold and does not trigger premature switching.

[0151] Step 3: Generate voltage adjustment instructions

[0152] Retrieve the reference voltage of level L=2 Preset table

[0153] Calculate voltage deviation and limit:

[0154] Actual voltage V actual =11.2V, target voltage V target =11.5V;

[0155] Formula: ΔV current =V actual -V target =11.2-11.5=-0.3V;

[0156] Maximum fluctuation range at level L=2

[0157] Formula: V offset =clamp(ΔV current ,-0.5,0.5)=-0.3V(not exceeded).

[0158] Generate the final voltage command: Formula:

[0159] Step 4: Generate control signal

[0160] Calculate the voltage regulation step size N:

[0161] Current input voltage V input =11.0V, ΔV=V command -V input =0.2V;

[0162] Slope factor S = 0.1 V / step;

[0163] Formula: N = abs(ΔV) / S = 0.2 / 0.1 = 2 steps.

[0164] Generate duty cycle sequence D i , formula: D1=(1*0.2) / 2=0.1; D2=(2*0.2) / 2=0.2;

[0165] The duty cycle sequence [0.1, 0.2] is converted into a PWM signal to drive the power switch.

[0166] Step 5: Adjust the voltage output level

[0167] Switching power topologies:

[0168] Primary winding turns N primary =100, secondary turns N secondary =80;

[0169] Formula: n ratio =N primary / N secondary =100 / 80=1.25;

[0170] After the transformer ratio is adjusted, the output voltage is stabilized at 11.2V;

[0171] Synchronous rectification efficiency calculation: output power P out =11.2V*8A=89.6W; input power P in =12V*8A=96W; Formula: η=P out / P in =89.6 / 96≈0.933(93.3%).

[0172] Step 6: Generate the second temperature data

[0173] Collect the adjusted temperature:

[0174] New round of temperature readings: T1 = 43°C, T2 = 44°C, T3 = 43°C;

[0175] Use exponentially weighted moving average (β = 0.7);

[0176] formula:

[0177] T ewma =β·T current +(1-β)·T prev =0.7*43+0.3*44.94=30.1+13.48=43.58°C; second temperature data T final =43.58℃.

[0178] like Figure 3 The temperature correction process curve shown in the figure shows that the system successfully reduces the temperature from the initial 45°C to 43.58°C. The dynamic compensation link causes the temperature to rise briefly to 44.94°C, verifying the effectiveness of the compensation factor α = 0.3.

[0179] Step 7: Calculate the temperature compensation value

[0180] Calculate the temperature difference ΔT_adj, formula: ΔT adj =T final -T initial =43.58-44.94=-1.36℃;

[0181] Derivation of unit voltage temperature response δ: voltage change V final -V initial =11.2V-11.5V=-0.3V;

[0182] Formula: δ = ΔT adj / (V final -V initial )=-1.36 / (-0.3)≈4.53℃ / V;

[0183] Calculate the expected temperature shift ΔT est , reference voltage step ΔV ref =0.2V, formula: ΔT est =δ*ΔV ref =4.53*0.2≈0.91℃;

[0184] Step 8: Update instructions and trigger switching

[0185] Corrected voltage target value V new :Current level L=2 Mapping proportional constant K = 0.1; formula:

[0186] Limiting processing: Output voltage limit range [11.0V, 12.0V], V new =11.59V compliant;

[0187] Rematch the level: Update the voltage instruction to 11.59V; match the power-level mapping table according to the new instruction. The level is still L=2 and no switching is required.

[0188] like Figure 4 As shown in the voltage control process timing diagram, the system achieves precise voltage regulation: there is a 0.3V deviation between the initial voltage (11.2V) and the target voltage (11.5V). After compensation, the final output is stabilized at 11.59V. The entire process complies with the ±0.5V fluctuation limit of the L=2 level.

[0189] In this example, by dynamically adjusting the voltage, the temperature dropped from 44.94°C to 43.58°C, effectively suppressing overheating. The synchronous rectification efficiency reached 93.3%, enhancing system stability. Temperature compensation value ΔT est =0.91℃ is used for the next round of voltage command correction to form continuous optimization.

[0190] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Detecting the real-time temperature of the target device to generate first temperature data, and based on the first temperature data, analyzing the current load state and dividing the load into a preset multi-level power topology level; generating voltage adjustment instructions corresponding to the multi-level power topology hierarchy according to the multi-level power topology hierarchy, and generating a control signal by dynamically matching the voltage adjustment instructions with input characteristics of a target device; using the control signal to drive a power topology switching module, adjust a voltage output level, monitor an effect of the adjusted voltage output level on temperature, and generate second temperature data; By comparing the first temperature data with the second temperature data, a temperature compensation value is calculated, and the temperature compensation value is combined with the current power topology level to update the voltage adjustment instruction and trigger the next round of topology switching.

2. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 1, wherein: The generating of the first temperature data comprises: Collect temperature values ​​at multiple points on the surface of the target device to form an initial temperature sequence; Performing sliding window mean calculation on the initial temperature sequence, and weighting the temperature values ​​in the window using a weight distribution method to obtain a filtered temperature value; The filtered temperature value is compared with a preset reference temperature, the difference between the two is calculated, and the abnormal temperature point is corrected according to the dynamic compensation factor to obtain a corrected temperature value, which is output as the first temperature data.

3. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 2, wherein: The analyzing the current load state and dividing it into preset multi-level power topology levels includes: Obtain the current voltage output level and load current sampling value, and calculate the current power consumption value; Comparing the current power consumption value with the historical average power to obtain a power change rate value; According to the range of the power change rate value, matching a preset power-level mapping table to determine the corresponding power topology level; Based on the power topology level and the current temperature trend, it is determined whether topology switching needs to be triggered in advance. If the conditions are met, it is marked as a pending switching state.

4. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 1, wherein: The generating of a voltage adjustment instruction corresponding to the level includes: According to the currently determined power topology level, a preset voltage offset reference value is retrieved; Calculate the available adjustment range based on the maximum allowable voltage fluctuation range corresponding to the power topology level and the current output voltage deviation; If the current output voltage deviation exceeds the allowable range, the voltage adjustment amplitude is limited to a boundary value to generate a corrected voltage offset; The voltage offset reference value is added to the corrected voltage offset to generate a final voltage adjustment instruction.

5. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 4, wherein: The generating of the control signal comprises: Receive the voltage adjustment instruction and the current input voltage, and calculate the voltage difference between the two; Determining a time step required for voltage regulation based on the voltage difference and a preset slope parameter; The voltage change process is divided into multiple pulse sequences with equal time intervals, and each pulse sequence outputs a corresponding duty cycle value; The duty cycle value is converted into a driving pulse signal and output to the power switch element through an isolation circuit to form a continuously regulated control signal.

6. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 5, wherein: The adjusting the voltage output level includes: Receive the driving pulse signal and select the conduction path through the power switch array to form a primary voltage transformation circuit; Based on the conduction path, the access ratio of the multi-stage winding is controlled to adjust the transformer ratio, and based on the voltage transformation, the corresponding synchronous rectification unit is enabled; The output voltage is monitored through a feedback sampling circuit. If the deviation from the target value exceeds the tolerance, the winding access ratio is fine-tuned to achieve closed-loop voltage regulation.

7. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 3, wherein: The generating of the second temperature data comprises: After the voltage output level adjustment is completed, start the timed sampling to obtain a new round of multi-point temperature readings of the target device; The multi-point temperature readings are processed using an exponentially weighted moving average, and an average temperature value is calculated in combination with an attenuation parameter; Comparing the average temperature value with a preset temperature change threshold, and marking a significant temperature change event if the difference exceeds the range; The significant temperature change event state and the average temperature value are combined to generate second temperature data.

8. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 7, wherein: The calculating of the temperature compensation value comprises: Obtaining the first temperature data before adjustment and the second temperature data after adjustment, and calculating the temperature difference between the two; deriving a temperature response corresponding to a unit voltage change based on the temperature difference and the current voltage output level; An expected temperature offset is calculated according to the temperature response and a preset reference voltage step, and the expected temperature offset is written into an adjustment parameter pool as a temperature compensation value.

9. The adaptive temperature control method for a multi-stage power topology according to claim 8, wherein: The updating of the voltage adjustment instruction and triggering the next round of topology switching includes: Read the latest temperature compensation value written from the adjustment parameter pool and combine it with the reference voltage of the current power topology level; Performing a pre-correction on the voltage offset based on the temperature compensation value, and calculating a corrected voltage target value; The corrected voltage target value is compared with the output voltage limit range. If it exceeds the limit, it is cut into the allowable range to generate the final updated voltage adjustment instruction; The power-level mapping table is re-matched according to the voltage adjustment instruction. If the corresponding level is different from the current level, a new round of topology switching request is triggered.

10. An adaptive temperature controlled transformer system for a multi-stage power topology for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: A load status analysis module, configured to detect the real-time temperature of a target device, generate first temperature data, analyze the current load status based on the first temperature data, and classify the load status into a preset multi-level power topology hierarchy; a control signal matching module, configured to generate a voltage adjustment instruction corresponding to the multi-level power topology level according to the multi-level power topology level, and generate a control signal by dynamically matching the voltage adjustment instruction with the input characteristics of the target device; a voltage regulation execution module, configured to drive the power topology switching module using the control signal to adjust the voltage output level, monitor the effect of the adjusted voltage output level on the temperature, and generate second temperature data; The voltage instruction update module is used to calculate a temperature compensation value by comparing the first temperature data with the second temperature data, and update the voltage adjustment instruction and trigger the next round of topology switching by combining the temperature compensation value with the current power topology level.

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