Jade ceramic tile with soft fat effect and preparation method of jade ceramic tile

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic tile with a jade soft fat effect and a preparation method of the ceramic tile, and belongs to the field of building materials. By optimizing preparation raw materials of the ground coat layer, the binding force and compatibility of a green body and ground coat can be increased, meanwhile, a proper amount of basalt fiber is added, the heat stability of the ground coat layer can be improved, in the process of preparing the ground coat layer, microcracks caused by rapid evaporation of water on the glaze surface are avoided through slow heating, and the service life of the green body is prolonged. And the glaze shrinkage phenomenon or high-temperature deformation can be reduced, so that the formation of a jade soft grease effect glaze layer is facilitated. Besides, under the synergistic effect of the chemical components with specific contents, the jade soft grease effect glaze visually presents soft jade soft grease and is similar to the bright and smooth feeling of jade; the touch feeling is fine and smooth, no granular feeling exists, and the congealed fat feeling similar to jade is achieved; the prepared ceramic tile has the advantages of low water absorption rate, excellent wear resistance and excellent stain resistance in performance, has excellent artistic aesthetic feeling and practicability on the whole, and can be widely applied to home decoration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a ceramic tile with a jade-like soft and greasy effect and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The architectural ceramics industry is currently adapting to the market with a focus on high-quality new products. While maintaining high quality, a growing number of differentiated tile categories have emerged. These include tiles with a jade-like texture, imitating the decorative effect of jade on their surfaces. For example, Chinese patent application number CN202510367434.3 discloses a tile with an ultra-thick, semi-transparent jade patina. The tile comprises a base, a top glaze layer, a ceramic ink-printed layer, a protective glaze layer, and a jade-effect layer. The jade-effect layer is formed from at least one of jade-fat dry particles, jade-fat glaze slurry, and jade-fat particles. The tile in this patent features an ultra-thick (1.0-2.0 mm) jade-effect layer, which imparts a unique jade-like texture after firing. For example, Chinese patent application number CN202411896971.9 discloses a multi-colored jade glaze with a mutton-fat jade effect, a glazed tile, and a preparation method thereof. The multi-colored jade glaze with a mutton-fat jade effect comprises: a multi-colored jade base glaze, a jade translucent glaze, and a jade dry granule glaze; the multi-colored jade base glaze comprises a multi-colored jade plain base glaze and a multi-colored jade colored base glaze; the jade dry granule glaze comprises jade dry granules, multi-colored dry granules, and ice crystal dry granules, resulting in a multi-colored jade glazed tile with a mutton-fat jade effect. However, the existing technology uses a single layer of glaze to print jade textures, which generally suffers from a harsh luster, lacks the warmth of natural jade, and has a hard, less delicate feel.

[0003] Furthermore, jade-like tiles require a fine glaze layer during production, free of bubbles and cracks. Existing techniques for producing jade-like tiles can suffer from uneven shrinkage during drying and firing, leading to cracks and even flaking in the glaze. Furthermore, during firing, gases cannot escape easily, resulting in bubbles or pinholes on the surface, thus failing to achieve the desired jade-like, soft effect. These issues not only affect the aesthetics and texture of the product but also limit the application of jade-like tiles in high-end decorative applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, in order to solve one of the above problems, the present invention provides a jade-like soft-fat effect tile and a preparation method thereof. The specific technical solution is as follows: A jade-like soft-fat effect ceramic tile, comprising a body, a base glaze layer covering the surface of the body, and a jade-like soft-fat effect glaze layer covering the surface of the base glaze layer; The bottom glaze layer is prepared by using bottom glaze, and the bottom glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 30 parts potassium feldspar, 12 to 15 parts sodium feldspar, 15 to 20 parts calcined kaolin, 3 to 7 parts bentonite, 1 to 5 parts quartz, 3 to 7 parts zinc oxide, 10 to 15 parts talc, 1 to 5 parts dolomite, and 1 to 10 parts basalt fiber; A wetting agent and a binder need to be added to the base glaze; The jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer is prepared by using a jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and the jade-like soft fat effect glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of anorthite, 7-9 parts of spodumene, 8-12 parts of zirconium silicate, 10-15 parts of white corundum powder, 1-3 parts of nano-alumina, 1-2 parts of nano-magnesium oxide, 3-7 parts of mullite, 4-10 parts of calcium phosphate, 5-10 parts of titanium dioxide, and 1-5 parts of mica powder; A water reducing agent needs to be added to the jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

[0005] Preferably, the base glaze comprises the following chemical components in mass percentage: SiO2 50%-62%, Al2O3 15%-20%, K2O 3.2%-5.5%, Na2O 2.5%-3.0%, MgO 3.5%-8.0%, CaO 2%-5%, ZnO 3%-7%, and the remainder is ignition loss and impurities.

[0006] Preferably, the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze comprises the following chemical components in mass percentage: SiO2 50%~55%, Al2O3 20%~26%, ZrO2 5%~10%, Li2O 1%~3%, CaO 8%~12%, P2O52%~5%, TiO2 5%~10%, BaO 1%~2.5%, MgO 1%~2.5%, K2O 0.5%~2.3%, Na2O 1.2%~1.9%, and the rest are ignition loss and impurities.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the base glaze is: adding potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, calcined kaolin, bentonite, quartz, zinc oxide, talc, dolomite and basalt fiber into a ball mill, adding an appropriate amount of water, performing a first wet ball milling treatment, then performing a first screening treatment, and then adding a wetting agent and a binder, performing a second wet ball milling treatment and a first aging treatment to obtain the base glaze.

[0008] Preferably, the wetting agent is at least one of sodium lignin sulfonate, polyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; The amount of the wetting agent added is 1% to 10% of the base glaze mass.

[0009] Preferably, the binder is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; The added amount of the binder accounts for 1% to 5% of the mass of the base glaze.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is: Add calcium feldspar, spodumene, zirconium silicate, white corundum powder, nano-alumina, nano-magnesium oxide, mullite, calcium phosphate, titanium dioxide and mica powder into a ball mill, add appropriate amount of water, carry out the third wet ball milling treatment, then carry out the second screening treatment, add water reducing agent, carry out the fourth wet ball milling treatment and the second aging treatment to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

[0011] Preferably, the water reducer is obtained by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of (1-5): (1-2); The added amount of the water reducing agent accounts for 1% to 5% of the mass of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

[0012] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a tile with a jade-like soft fat effect, the method being used to prepare the tile with the jade-like soft fat effect, and the method comprising the following steps: Spray the base glaze on the surface of the body, heat it to 100-120°C at a heating rate of 3-5°C / min, then heat it to 150-180°C at a heating rate of 1-3°C / min, and keep it for 10-15 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the surface of the body; The base glaze layer is repeatedly coated with jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and the coating is repeated, followed by drying, and then the coating is repeated. After the coating is completed, the glaze is fired to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect tile.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention helps to increase the bonding strength and compatibility between the body and the bottom glaze by optimizing the raw materials for preparing the bottom glaze layer. At the same time, adding an appropriate amount of basalt fiber helps to improve the thermal stability and rupture modulus of the bottom glaze layer. In the process of preparing the bottom glaze layer, slowly increasing the temperature to avoid rapid evaporation of water on the glaze surface causing microcracks, helps to reduce glaze shrinkage or high-temperature deformation, and further helps to form a subsequent jade-like soft glaze layer.

[0014] 2. The jade-like soft fat effect glaze of the present invention, under the synergistic effect of the specific content of various chemical components, visually presents a soft jade-like texture, similar to the luster of jade, which can create a clean and elegant atmosphere, is more artistic, and enhances the grade of the space; it is delicate and smooth to the touch, without any graininess, and has a coagulated fat feeling similar to jade; in terms of performance, it has low water absorption rate, excellent wear resistance and stain resistance, and can be used in humid environments; overall, it has both excellent artistic beauty and practicality, and can be more widely used in home decoration.

[0015] 3. The present invention avoids stress cracking between glaze layers by adjusting the composition and ratio of the base glaze and the jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and also provides a flat base surface for multiple applications of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze, forming a soft coagulated fat feeling against the backdrop of the base glaze layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In some examples, a jade-like soft-fat effect ceramic tile is provided, comprising a body, a base glaze layer covering a surface of the body, and a jade-like soft-fat effect glaze layer covering a surface of the base glaze layer; The bottom glaze layer is prepared by using bottom glaze, and the bottom glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 30 parts potassium feldspar, 12 to 15 parts sodium feldspar, 15 to 20 parts calcined kaolin, 3 to 7 parts bentonite, 1 to 5 parts quartz, 3 to 7 parts zinc oxide, 10 to 15 parts talc, 1 to 5 parts dolomite, and 1 to 10 parts basalt fiber; A wetting agent and a binder need to be added to the base glaze; The jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer is prepared by using a jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and the jade-like soft fat effect glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of anorthite, 7-9 parts of spodumene, 8-12 parts of zirconium silicate, 10-15 parts of white corundum powder, 1-3 parts of nano-alumina, 1-2 parts of nano-magnesium oxide, 3-7 parts of mullite, 4-10 parts of calcium phosphate, 5-10 parts of titanium dioxide, and 1-5 parts of mica powder; A water reducing agent needs to be added to the jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

[0018] In the above scheme, potassium feldspar in the base glaze promotes the formation of a glass phase at high temperatures, sodium feldspar improves the base glaze's gloss, calcined kaolin and bentonite synergistically provide thixotropy and a certain degree of suspension uniformity, quartz increases the base glaze's hardness, zinc oxide helps flux and enhances its whiteness, and synergizes with talc to improve the base glaze's smoothness and crack resistance. Dolomite provides a high concentration of MgO and CaO, improving the base glaze's gloss and helping to reduce bubbles during firing. Basalt fiber enhances the crack resistance and mechanical strength of the base glaze layer. Partially melting at high temperatures, the residual fibers form a network structure, inhibiting cracking and enhancing its toughness. Overall, the synergistic effect of the components ensures the high-temperature stability, mechanical properties, and surface quality of the base glaze layer.

[0019] The calcium feldspar in the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze can promote the formation of glass phase, enhance the jade texture and synergize with mica powder and nano-alumina to form a microcrystalline structure, producing a delicate soft-fat luster; spodumene can lower the melting temperature in the system and promote the formation of a delicate glass phase in the glaze layer, and react with zirconium silicate to produce a soft luster by refracting light; white corundum micropowder can significantly improve the hardness and scratch resistance of the glaze layer, increase high temperature resistance, and help form a jade-like soft-fat effect glaze layer; nano-alumina can not only help to improve the firing density, but also synergize with spodumene to optimize the thermal expansion coefficient of the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze system, making it more durable than the glaze layer. The base glaze matches and reduces the stress between glaze layers; nano-magnesium oxide has the function of fluxing and adjusting the texture of the glaze, making the glaze smoother, and interacting with calcium phosphate to increase the soft touch of the glaze layer; mullite is used as a skeleton material to improve the thermal shock resistance of the jade-like soft glaze layer, inhibit the shrinkage and cracking of the glaze layer, cooperate with calcium phosphate to generate a glass phase, adjust the soft light effect of the glaze, and enhance the warm feeling; titanium dioxide is converted into rutile titanium dioxide at high temperature, which not only improves the wear resistance of the glaze surface, but also promotes the formation of mutton-fat jade base tone; mica powder interacts with zirconium silicate to increase the micro-transparent layer in the glaze layer, making the jade gloss stronger.

[0020] In some examples, the basalt fibers include specification A basalt fibers and specification B basalt fibers in a mass ratio of (1-5):(1-2).

[0021] In some examples, the specification A basalt fiber has a length of 2 mm to 5 mm and an average diameter of 8 μm to 10 μm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the length of the specification B basalt fiber is 6 mm to 10 mm, and the average diameter is 10 μm to 15 μm. By adding basalt fibers of different specifications, the present invention helps reduce basalt fiber agglomeration and increases their contact area in the ground glaze system, thereby balancing the stress effects in the ground glaze.

[0023] In some examples, the base glaze includes the following chemical components in mass percentage: SiO2 50%-62%, Al2O3 15%-20%, K2O 3.2%-5.5%, Na2O 2.5%-3.0%, MgO 3.5%-8.0%, CaO 2%-5%, ZnO 3%-7%, and the remainder is ignition loss and impurities.

[0024] In some instances, the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze includes the following chemical components in mass percentage: SiO2 50%~55%, Al2O3 20%~26%, ZrO2 5%~10%, Li2O 1%~3%, CaO 8%~12%, P2O52%~5%, TiO2 5%~10%, BaO1%~2.5%, MgO 1%~2.5%, K2O 0.5%~2.3%, Na2O 1.2%~1.9%, and the rest are ignition loss and impurities.

[0025] In some examples, the preparation method of the base glaze is: potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, calcined kaolin, bentonite, quartz, zinc oxide, talc, dolomite and basalt fiber are added to a ball mill, an appropriate amount of water is added, a first wet ball milling treatment is performed, and then a first screening treatment is performed, and then a wetting agent and a binder are added, and a second wet ball milling treatment and a first aging treatment are performed to obtain the base glaze.

[0026] In some examples, the first wet ball milling treatment is performed at a rotation speed of 200 r / min to 500 r / min, and for a time of 2 h to 5 h.

[0027] In some examples, the first screening process is to pass through a 100-150 mesh sieve.

[0028] In some examples, the wetting agent is at least one of sodium lignin sulfonate, polyethylene ether, and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

[0029] In some embodiments, the amount of the wetting agent added is 1% to 10% of the base glaze weight. The present invention reduces the surface tension of the base glaze by adding the wetting agent, increases the spreading and permeability of the base glaze on the surface of the body, reduces microcracks or pinholes in the glaze layer after drying, and improves the bonding strength between the base glaze and the body.

[0030] In some examples, the binder is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.

[0031] In some embodiments, the amount of the binder added is 1% to 5% of the mass of the base glaze. The addition of the binder in the present invention helps to improve the cross-linking between the base glaze and the body, buffers the shrinkage stress of the base glaze during drying, and reduces the risk of cracking.

[0032] In some examples, the second wet ball milling treatment is performed at a rotation speed of 50 r / min to 100 r / min and for a time of 30 min to 60 min.

[0033] In some examples, the first aging treatment lasts for 10 hours to 24 hours.

[0034] In some examples, the base glaze has a specific gravity of 1.41 g / mL to 1.45 g / mL.

[0035] In some examples, the preparation method of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is: Add calcium feldspar, spodumene, zirconium silicate, white corundum powder, nano-alumina, nano-magnesium oxide, mullite, calcium phosphate, titanium dioxide and mica powder into a ball mill, add appropriate amount of water, carry out the third wet ball milling treatment, then carry out the second screening treatment, add water reducing agent, carry out the fourth wet ball milling treatment and the second aging treatment to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

[0036] In some examples, the third wet ball milling treatment is performed at a rotation speed of 200 r / min to 500 r / min and for a time of 2 h to 8 h.

[0037] In some examples, the second screening process is through a 250-300 mesh sieve.

[0038] In some embodiments, the water reducer is prepared by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of (1-5):(1-2). Adding water glass and sodium humate to a jade-like soft glaze helps improve uniformity, enhances the permeability of the jade-like soft glaze, reduces glaze flow or pinhole defects, helps reduce glaze shrinkage, and maintains the jade-like soft glaze effect.

[0039] In some examples, the added amount of the water reducer accounts for 1% to 5% of the mass of the jade-like soft glaze.

[0040] In some examples, the fourth wet ball milling process is performed at a rotation speed of 50 r / min to 100 r / min and for a time of 20 min to 40 min.

[0041] In some examples, the second aging treatment lasts for 12 hours to 24 hours.

[0042] In some examples, the specific gravity of the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze is 1.39 g / mL to 1.42 g / mL. The state of the glaze directly affects the microstructure of the glaze layer. If the glaze particle size is too fine and the glaze slurry has a high specific gravity, it is prone to being too thick, which manifests as cracks in the glaze layer. If the slurry particle size is too coarse, it will affect the smoothness, gloss, and color of the glaze surface. The present invention adjusts the base glaze and the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze and selects the appropriate base glaze and jade-like soft-fat effect glaze fineness to effectively reduce uneven shrinkage of the glaze layer, the probability of glaze shrinkage and cracking, thereby ensuring both production process requirements and improving glaze surface quality.

[0043] In some embodiments, the thermal expansion coefficient of the base glaze is (5.9-6.4)×10 -6 / ℃.

[0044] In some examples, the thermal expansion coefficient of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is (6.0-6.2)×10 -6 / ℃. By optimizing the composition and ratio of the base glaze and the jade-like soft-fat glaze, the present invention ensures the performance of the tile while making the thermal expansion coefficients of the two close, which also helps to reduce stress cracking between the glaze layers and thus ensure the quality of the glaze surface.

[0045] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a tile with a jade-like soft fat effect, the method being used to prepare the tile with the jade-like soft fat effect, and the method comprising the following steps: Spray the base glaze on the surface of the body, heat it to 100-120°C at a heating rate of 3-5°C / min, then heat it to 150-180°C at a heating rate of 1-3°C / min, and keep it for 10-15 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the surface of the body; The base glaze layer is repeatedly coated with jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and the coating is repeated, followed by drying, and then the coating is repeated. After the coating is completed, the glaze is fired to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect tile.

[0046] In some examples, the blank is obtained by conventional technical means, which will not be described in detail here.

[0047] In some embodiments, the drying process is performed at a temperature of 100°C to 200°C.

[0048] In some examples, the spraying amount of the base glaze is 250 g / m² to 360 g / m².

[0049] In some examples, the amount of the jade-like soft-fat glaze applied each time is 100 mL / m² to 200 mL / m².

[0050] In some examples, the thickness of the jade-like soft glaze layer is 1 mm to 3 mm.

[0051] In some examples, the sintering temperature is 1130° C. to 1220° C., and the sintering period is 30 min to 70 min.

[0052] In the above scheme, the base glaze is sprayed on the blank. After the raw materials for the base glaze are optimized, it can have better compatibility with the blank. Then, the base glaze layer is formed by drying at a low heating rate. The temperature is slowly increased to avoid rapid evaporation of moisture on the glaze surface, which causes micro cracks and helps to reduce the shrinkage of the glaze. Then, the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is applied multiple times to gradually thicken the jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer. This not only avoids the sedimentation and unevenness problems when applying thicker jade-like soft fat effect glaze, but also gives the tile surface a thick texture and a visual experience like fat and jade.

[0053] The above features can be combined arbitrarily unless they conflict with each other.

[0054] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples. Example 1:

[0055] A method for preparing a tile with a jade-like soft effect comprises the following steps: According to weight, 28 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 17 parts of calcined kaolin, 4 parts of bentonite, 3 parts of quartz, 4 parts of zinc oxide, 12 parts of talc, 3 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of specification A basalt fiber (length 4 mm, average diameter 8 μm) and 1 part of specification B basalt cellulose (length 8 mm, average diameter 12 μm) were added to a ball mill, and an appropriate amount of water was added. The mixture was subjected to a first wet ball milling treatment at a speed of 200 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 150-mesh sieve. Then, sodium lignin sulfonate accounting for 5% of the weight of the bottom glaze and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounting for 3% of the weight of the bottom glaze were added. The mixture was subjected to a second wet ball milling treatment at a speed of 50 r / min for 45 minutes. The first aging treatment time was 20 hours, and a bottom glaze with a specific gravity of 1.41 g / mL was obtained. According to weight, 23 parts of calcium feldspar, 8 parts of spodumene, 10 parts of zirconium silicate, 12 parts of white corundum powder, 2 parts of nano-alumina, 2 parts of nano-magnesium oxide, 5 parts of mullite, 6 parts of calcium phosphate, 8 parts of titanium dioxide and 4 parts of mica powder are added to a ball mill, an appropriate amount of water is added, and a third wet ball milling treatment is performed at a speed of 300 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve, and then a water reducer (obtained by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 3:1) accounting for 3% of the mass of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is added, and a fourth wet ball milling treatment is performed at 50 r / min for 35 minutes, and a second aging treatment is performed for 20 hours to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze with a specific gravity of 1.40 g / mL; The base glaze is sprayed on the surface of the body at a spraying rate of 300 g / m², and the temperature is raised to 100°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, and then raised to 150°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, and maintained for 15 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the surface of the body; Apply jade-like soft fat effect glaze on the base glaze layer multiple times, and apply the jade-like soft fat effect glaze, then dry it, and apply the jade-like soft fat effect glaze again, repeating the process. The amount of each application is 150 mL / m², and the drying temperature is 100°C. When the thickness of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer is 2 mm, the application is completed, and the firing treatment is completed. The firing temperature is 1210°C, and the firing cycle is 65 minutes to obtain jade-like soft fat effect tiles. Example 2:

[0056] A method for preparing a tile with a jade-like soft effect comprises the following steps: According to weight, 28 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 15 parts of calcined kaolin, 5 parts of bentonite, 2 parts of quartz, 5 parts of zinc oxide, 13 parts of talc, 4 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of specification A basalt fiber (length 5 mm, average diameter 8 μm) and 1 part of specification B basalt cellulose (length 8 mm, average diameter 12 μm) were added to a ball mill, and an appropriate amount of water was added. The mixture was subjected to a first wet ball milling treatment at a speed of 200 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 150-mesh sieve. Then, sodium lignin sulfonate accounting for 6% of the weight of the bottom glaze and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounting for 3% of the weight of the bottom glaze were added. The mixture was subjected to a second wet ball milling treatment at a speed of 50 r / min for 50 minutes. The first aging treatment lasted for 22 hours, thereby obtaining a bottom glaze with a specific gravity of 1.42 g / mL. In parts by weight, 22 parts of calcium feldspar, 7 parts of spodumene, 12 parts of zirconium silicate, 10 parts of white corundum powder, 2 parts of nano-alumina, 1 part of nano-magnesium oxide, 7 parts of mullite, 8 parts of calcium phosphate, 5 parts of titanium dioxide and 3 parts of mica powder were added to a ball mill, an appropriate amount of water was added, and a third wet ball milling treatment was performed at a speed of 300 r / min for 6 hours, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve, and then a water reducer (obtained by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 3:1) accounting for 4% of the mass of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze was added, and a fourth wet ball milling treatment was performed at 50 r / min for 40 minutes, and a second aging treatment was performed for 20 hours to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze with a specific gravity of 1.42 g / mL; The base glaze is sprayed on the surface of the body at a spraying rate of 300 g / m², and the temperature is raised to 100°C at a heating rate of 4°C / min, and then raised to 150°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, and maintained for 12 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the surface of the body; Apply jade-like soft fat effect glaze on the base glaze layer multiple times, and apply the jade-like soft fat effect glaze, then dry it, and apply the jade-like soft fat effect glaze again, repeating the process. The amount of each application is 150mL / m², and the drying temperature is 100°C. When the thickness of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer is 2mm, the application is completed, and the firing treatment is completed. The firing temperature is 1210°C, and the firing cycle is 70min to obtain jade-like soft fat effect tiles. Example 3:

[0057] A method for preparing a tile with a jade-like soft effect comprises the following steps: According to weight, 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 18 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of quartz, 7 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of talc, 2 parts of dolomite, 5 parts of specification A basalt fiber (length 5 mm, average diameter 8 μm) and 1 part of specification B basalt cellulose (length 8 mm, average diameter 12 μm) were added to a ball mill, and an appropriate amount of water was added. The mixture was subjected to a first wet ball milling treatment at a speed of 200 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 150-mesh sieve. Then, sodium lignin sulfonate accounting for 7% of the weight of the bottom glaze and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounting for 4% of the weight of the bottom glaze were added, and a second wet ball milling treatment was carried out at a speed of 50 r / min for 60 minutes. The first aging treatment time was 20 hours, thereby obtaining a bottom glaze with a specific gravity of 1.45 g / mL. In parts by weight, 25 parts of calcium feldspar, 7 parts of spodumene, 10 parts of zirconium silicate, 12 parts of white corundum powder, 2 parts of nano-alumina, 2 parts of nano-magnesium oxide, 7 parts of mullite, 8 parts of calcium phosphate, 7 parts of titanium dioxide and 4 parts of mica powder are added to a ball mill, an appropriate amount of water is added, and a third wet ball milling treatment is performed at a speed of 300 r / min for 6 hours, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve, and then a water reducer (obtained by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 3:1) accounting for 5% of the mass of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is added, and a fourth wet ball milling treatment is performed at 50 r / min for 40 minutes, and a second aging treatment is performed for 20 hours to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze with a specific gravity of 1.40 g / mL; The base glaze is sprayed on the surface of the green body at a spraying rate of 300 g / m², and the temperature is raised to 100°C at a heating rate of 4°C / min, and then raised to 150°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, and maintained for 10 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the surface of the green body; The base glaze layer is applied with a jade-like soft fat effect glaze for multiple times, and the glaze is applied, then dried, and then applied again. The amount of each application is 150 mL / m², and the drying temperature is 120°C. When the thickness of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer is 2 mm, the glaze is fired at a temperature of 1215°C and a firing cycle of 65 minutes to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect tile.

[0058] Comparative Example 1: Comparative Example 1 is different from Example 3 in that the raw materials for preparing the base glaze in Comparative Example 1 are different. The other parts are the same as Example 3. The base glaze in Comparative Example 1 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight and the preparation method: According to weight, 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 18 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of quartz, 7 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of talc, 2 parts of dolomite, and 15 parts of basalt fiber (length 15 mm, average diameter 8 μm) were added to a ball mill, and an appropriate amount of water was added. The first wet ball milling treatment was carried out at a speed of 200 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 150-mesh sieve. Then, sodium lignin sulfonate accounting for 7% of the mass of the bottom glaze and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounting for 4% of the mass of the bottom glaze were added, and the second wet ball milling treatment was carried out at a speed of 50 r / min for 60 minutes. The first aging treatment time was 20 hours to obtain a bottom glaze with a specific gravity of 1.48 g / mL.

[0059] Comparative Example 2: Comparative Example 2 is different from Example 3 in that the raw materials for preparing the base glaze in Comparative Example 2 are different. The other parts are the same as Example 3. The base glaze in Comparative Example 2 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight and the preparation method: According to weight, 30 parts of spodumene, 7 parts of albite, 10 parts of calcined kaolin, 1 part of quartz, 7 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of talc, 5 parts of specification A basalt fiber (length 10 mm, average diameter 8 μm) and 1 part of specification B basalt cellulose (length 15 mm, average diameter 12 μm) were added to a ball mill, and an appropriate amount of water was added. The first wet ball milling treatment was carried out at a speed of 200 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 150-mesh sieve. Then, sodium lignin sulfonate accounting for 7% of the mass of the bottom glaze and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounting for 4% of the mass of the bottom glaze were added, and the second wet ball milling treatment was carried out at a speed of 50 r / min for 60 minutes. The first aging treatment time was 20 hours, and a bottom glaze with a specific gravity of 1.44 g / mL was obtained.

[0060] Comparative Example 3: Comparative Example 3 is different from Example 3 in that the raw materials for preparing the base glaze in Comparative Example 3 are different. The other parts are the same as Example 3. The base glaze in Comparative Example 3 includes the following raw materials in parts by weight and the preparation method: According to weight, 30 parts of potassium feldspar, 12 parts of sodium feldspar, 18 parts of calcined kaolin, 7 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of quartz, 7 parts of zinc oxide, 10 parts of talc and 2 parts of dolomite are added to a ball mill, and an appropriate amount of water is added. The first wet ball milling treatment is carried out at a speed of 200 r / min for 5 hours, and then passed through a 150-mesh sieve. Then, sodium lignin sulfonate accounting for 7% of the mass of the bottom glaze and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose accounting for 4% of the mass of the bottom glaze are added, and the second wet ball milling treatment is carried out at a speed of 50 r / min for 60 minutes. The first aging treatment time is 20 hours to obtain a bottom glaze with a specific gravity of 1.41 g / mL.

[0061] Comparative Example 4: Comparative Example 4 is different from Example 3 in that sodium lignin sulfonate (wetting agent) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (binder) are not added in Comparative Example 4, and the rest are the same as Example 3.

[0062] Comparative Example 5: Comparative Example 5 is different from Example 3 in that the raw materials for preparing the jade-like soft fat effect glaze in Comparative Example 5 are different, and the rest are the same as Example 3. The raw materials and preparation method of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze in Comparative Example 5 are as follows: In parts by weight, 25 parts of calcium feldspar, 7 parts of potassium feldspar, 10 parts of zirconium silicate, 2 parts of nano-alumina, 8 parts of nano-magnesium oxide, 12 parts of mullite, 8 parts of calcium phosphate, 7 parts of titanium dioxide and 2 parts of mica powder are added to a ball mill, an appropriate amount of water is added, and a third wet ball milling treatment is carried out at a speed of 300 r / min for 6 hours, and then passed through a 250-mesh sieve, and then a water reducer accounting for 5% of the weight of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze (obtained by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of 3:1) is added, and a fourth wet ball milling treatment is carried out at 50 r / min for 40 minutes, and a second aging treatment is carried out for 20 hours to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze with a specific gravity of 1.39 g / mL.

[0063] Comparative Example 6: Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 6 is different in that the water reducing agent added in Comparative Example 6 is single water glass, and the rest is the same as Example 3.

[0064] Comparative Example 7: The difference between Comparative Example 7 and Example 3 is that the water reducer added in Comparative Example 7 is a single sodium humate, and the other parts are the same as those in Preliminary Example 3.

[0065] Comparative Example 8: Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 8 is different in that no water reducing agent is added in Comparative Example 8, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 3.

[0066] Comparative Example 9: Comparative Example 9 differs from Example 3 in that, in Comparative Example 9, the base glaze was sprayed on the body surface at a spray rate of 300 g / m², and the temperature was raised to 150°C at a rate of 15°C / min and maintained for 10 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the body surface. Other procedures were the same as in Example 3.

[0067] Comparative Example 10: Compared with Example 3, Comparative Example 10 differs in that in Comparative Example 10, a jade-like soft-fat effect glaze is directly applied on the base glaze layer, and the amount applied is such that the thickness of the jade-like soft-fat effect glaze layer is 2 mm. After the application is completed, the glaze is fired at a temperature of 1220°C and a firing cycle of 70 minutes to obtain ceramic tiles with a jade-like soft-fat effect.

[0068] It should be noted that the raw materials, preparation processes and preparation batches used in the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 are the same (with the same specifications).

[0069] 1. The performance of the ceramic tile samples prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and the ceramic tile comparison samples prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 10 were tested. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0070] Among them, glossiness is measured by photometer; water absorption rate is measured by weighing method to measure the change before and after water absorption; wear resistance is tested according to GB / T3810.7-2016: the wear of the brick surface after grinding at a specific grinding revolution is observed and divided into 0-5 levels, among which, visible wear after 100 revolutions is level 0, visible wear after 150 revolutions is level 1, visible wear after 600 revolutions is level 2, visible wear after 750 / 1500 revolutions is level 3, visible wear after 2100 / 6000 / 12000 revolutions is level 4, and visible wear after more than 12000 revolutions is level 5; antifouling: refer to The national standard GB / T3810.14-2016 tests the anti-fouling performance: the anti-fouling performance test is carried out on the brick surface after being treated with the surface treatment agent. The test principle is to bring the pollutant (chrome green, iodine tincture and olive oil, etc.) into contact with the front of the brick and let it act for a certain period of time, then clean the brick surface according to the prescribed cleaning method, observe the changes on the brick surface to determine the brick's pollution resistance, and the grades are divided into 1-5 levels, and level 5 has the best pollution resistance; the modulus of rupture is measured using a three-point bending fixture, with the glaze layer with a jade-like soft effect facing up, placed flat on two supporting points, ensuring that the overhang lengths at both ends are consistent, pressurized until it breaks, and the modulus of rupture is recorded and calculated.

[0071] Table 1: Performance test results Group Glossiness Water absorption wear resistance Antifouling Modulus of rupture / MPa Example 1 92° 0.02% Level 5 Level 5 49 Example 2 93° 0.02% Level 5 Level 5 50 Example 3 91° 0.02% Level 5 Level 5 49 Comparative Example 1 86° 0.04% Level 5 Level 4 46 Comparative Example 2 82° 0.03% Level 5 Level 4 53 Comparative Example 3 88° 0.03% Level 5 Level 5 34 Comparative Example 4 83° 0.07% Level 5 Level 4 43 Comparative Example 5 76° 0.12% Level 3 Level 5 38 Comparative Example 6 88° 0.05% Level 4 Level 4 42 Comparative Example 7 85° 0.03% Level 4 Level 4 44 Comparative Example 8 82° 0.08% Level 4 Level 3 40 Comparative Example 9 79° 0.07% Level 4 Level 4 43 Comparative Example 10 82° 0.13% Level 5 Level 3 45 From the data analysis of Table 1, it can be seen that the ceramic tiles prepared by the present invention have excellent performance, among which the wear resistance, stain resistance and rupture modulus are more significant, and the water absorption rate is 0.02%, which has a wider range of application environments. Compared with Example 3, the specifications of the basalt fibers added in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are different. Due to the difference in specifications, they are unevenly dispersed and even agglomerated in the base glaze system, resulting in the formation of the base glaze. When combined with the blank, the interface bonding performance deteriorates, thereby affecting the overall glaze performance; In Comparative Example 3, no basalt fiber was added, and the greatest impact was on the modulus of rupture of the ceramic tile. It can be seen that the addition of an appropriate amount of basalt fiber of a certain specification in this application has a positive effect on promoting the quality of the base glaze layer and improving the modulus of rupture of the ceramic tile; In Comparative Example 4, no wetting agent and adhesive were added, and the uniformity and adhesion of the base glaze deteriorated, affecting the overall performance of the ceramic tile. The performance of the ceramic tile was significantly affected. Comparative Example 5 did not add ultrafine corundum powder and nano-magnesium oxide, resulting in significant differences in wear resistance and gloss compared to Example 3. Comparative Examples 6 and 7 both added a single water-reducing agent, while Comparative Example 8 did not. However, its performance was worse than that of Example 3, indicating that the use of water glass and sodium humate as a water-reducing agent in the present invention ensures the fluidity of the glaze and helps to form a dense, jade-like, and soft-fat-effect ceramic tile. In Comparative Example 9, under conditions of rapid temperature increase, the internal stress of the base glaze layer increased in a short period of time, reducing the modulus of rupture and causing shrinkage in the base glaze layer, which in turn affected the surface quality. In Comparative Example 10, a thicker jade-like, soft-fat-effect glaze was applied at one time, resulting in glaze buildup in the early stages, which reduced the performance of the ceramic tile.

[0072] To further illustrate the jade-softening effect of the tiles produced by the present invention, the appearance and texture were visually perceived and recorded by frontline technicians, with the aid of a microscope if necessary; the tactile sensation was visually perceived and recorded by frontline technicians. The jade-softening effect was visually observed by frontline technicians and graded from 1 to 5, with higher grades indicating better effect. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0073] Table 2: Jade-softening effect results Group Appearance and texture touch Effect Level Example 1 The glaze has excellent smoothness, soft texture, strong jade-like soft fat feeling, microcrystalline structure can be seen under the microscope, without bubbles or cracks Smooth and delicate, no graininess, warm as fat Level 5 Example 2 The glaze has excellent smoothness, soft texture, strong jade-like soft fat feeling, microcrystalline structure can be seen under the microscope, without bubbles or cracks Smooth and delicate, no graininess, warm as fat Level 5 Example 3 The glaze has excellent smoothness, soft texture, strong jade-like soft fat feeling, microcrystalline structure can be seen under the microscope, without bubbles or cracks Smooth and delicate, no graininess, warm as fat Level 5 Comparative Example 1 The glaze has slight pinholes, a soft texture, and a jade-like soft feel. Slight bubbles and cracks can be seen under a microscope. Frizzy, with slight bumps in some areas Level 4 Comparative Example 2 The glaze surface is generally smooth, with a soft texture and a jade-like soft feel. Slight bubbles and cracks can be seen under a microscope. Frizzy, with slight bumps in some areas Level 4 Comparative Example 3 The glaze has excellent smoothness, soft texture, strong jade-like soft fat feeling, microcrystalline structure can be seen under the microscope, without bubbles or cracks Smooth and delicate, no graininess, warm as fat Level 5 Comparative Example 4 The glaze is smooth and has a jade-like texture. Slight cracks can be seen under a microscope. Slightly granular, less warm feeling Level 3 Comparative Example 5 The glaze is smooth and excellent, with a poor jade-like soft feel, and no bubbles or cracks under the microscope No graininess, but cold and hard, lacking smoothness and warmth Level 3 Comparative Example 6 The glaze surface is not smooth, the jade-like texture is poor, and there are slight cracks under the microscope. Obvious graininess and poor warmth Level 3 Comparative Example 7 The glaze surface is not smooth, the jade-like texture is poor, and there are slight cracks under the microscope. Obvious graininess and poor warmth Level 3 Comparative Example 8 The glaze surface is not smooth, the jade-like texture is poor, and slight pinholes can be seen under the microscope. Rough, obviously uncomfortable to the touch Level 2 Comparative Example 9 The glaze surface is not smooth, the jade-like texture is poor, and radial cracks can be seen with the naked eye. Uneven, sharp cracks that can scratch your hands Level 2 Comparative Example 10 The glaze surface is not smooth, the jade-like texture is not smooth, and the edges are curled up as seen with the naked eye. Sharp edges Level 2 From the data analysis of Table 2, it can be seen that after optimizing the composition, the tiles obtained in the present invention have excellent appearance texture and touch as a whole, and the jade-like soft fat effect is evaluated as level 5. Compared with Example 3, the specifications of the basalt fibers in Examples 1 and 2 are different, but because they affect the formation of the bottom glaze layer, they affect the overall appearance quality; in Example 3, no basalt fiber is added, which has a significant impact on the modulus of rupture of the tiles, but still has a relatively excellent jade-like soft fat effect; in Example 4, no wetting agent and adhesive are added to affect the formation of the bottom glaze layer. When spraying the bottom glaze, the contact surface in Example 4 is relatively dry, the water absorption is fast, and there is a lack of the auxiliary effect of the wetting agent and adhesive. The bottom glaze has slight cracks and a slight glaze shrinkage phenomenon after firing, making the jade-like soft fat effect worse than that of Example 3; In Example 5, which lacks the addition of ultrafine corundum powder and nano-magnesium oxide, the glaze surface is smooth, but the jade-like softness is poor, cold, and lacks a smooth and warm feel. This suggests that adding appropriate ultrafine corundum powder and nano-magnesium oxide can help promote the formation of tiles with a jade-like soft feel. The changes in the water-reducing agent in Examples 6-8 lead to changes in the uniformity and fluidity of the jade-like soft glaze, which in turn affects the quality of the resulting glaze surface, indicating that the composite water-reducing agent composition of the present invention helps achieve a jade-like soft effect. The process changes in Examples 9 and 10 both impaired the smoothness of the glaze surface, resulting in localized minor cracks and warping. Therefore, the present invention, by adjusting the composition and ratio of the base glaze and the jade-like soft glaze, avoids stress cracking between the glaze layers and provides a smooth base surface for multiple applications of the jade-like soft glaze, creating a soft, creamy feel against the backdrop of the base glaze layer.

[0074] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation on the specific implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tile with a jade-like soft effect, characterized in that: The ceramic tile comprises a body, a base glaze layer covering the surface of the body, and a jade-like soft-fat effect glaze layer covering the surface of the base glaze layer; The bottom glaze layer is prepared by using bottom glaze, and the bottom glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 30 parts potassium feldspar, 12 to 15 parts sodium feldspar, 15 to 20 parts calcined kaolin, 3 to 7 parts bentonite, 1 to 5 parts quartz, 3 to 7 parts zinc oxide, 10 to 15 parts talc, 1 to 5 parts dolomite, and 1 to 10 parts basalt fiber; A wetting agent and a binder need to be added to the base glaze; The jade-like soft fat effect glaze layer is prepared by using a jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and the jade-like soft fat effect glaze comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of anorthite, 7-9 parts of spodumene, 8-12 parts of zirconium silicate, 10-15 parts of white corundum powder, 1-3 parts of nano-alumina, 1-2 parts of nano-magnesium oxide, 3-7 parts of mullite, 4-10 parts of calcium phosphate, 5-10 parts of titanium dioxide, and 1-5 parts of mica powder; A water reducing agent needs to be added to the jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

2. The ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that The base glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: SiO2 50%-62%, Al2O3 15%-20%, K2O 3.2%-5.5%, Na2O 2.5%-3.0%, MgO 3.5%-8.0%, CaO 2%-5%, ZnO 3%-7%, and the remainder is ignition loss and impurities.

3. The ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that The jade-like soft-fat effect glaze includes the following chemical components in mass percentage: SiO2 50%-55%, Al2O3 20%-26%, ZrO2 5%-10%, Li2O 1%-3%, CaO 8%-12%, P2O52%-5%, TiO2 5%-10%, BaO 1%-2.5%, MgO 1%-2.5%, K2O 0.5%-2.3%, Na2O 1.2%-1.9%, and the rest are ignition loss and impurities.

4. The ceramic tile according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the base glaze comprises: adding potassium feldspar, sodium feldspar, calcined kaolin, bentonite, quartz, zinc oxide, talc, dolomite and basalt fiber into a ball mill, adding an appropriate amount of water, performing a first wet ball milling treatment, then performing a first screening treatment, and then adding a wetting agent and a binder, performing a second wet ball milling treatment and a first aging treatment to obtain the base glaze.

5. The ceramic tile according to claim 4, characterized in that The wetting agent is at least one of sodium lignin sulfonate, polyethylene ether and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether; The amount of the wetting agent added is 1% to 10% of the base glaze mass.

6. The ceramic tile according to claim 4, characterized in that The binder is at least one of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose; The added amount of the binder accounts for 1% to 5% of the mass of the base glaze.

7. The ceramic tile according to claim 4, characterized in that The preparation method of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze is: Add calcium feldspar, spodumene, zirconium silicate, white corundum powder, nano-alumina, nano-magnesium oxide, mullite, calcium phosphate, titanium dioxide and mica powder into a ball mill, add appropriate amount of water, carry out the third wet ball milling treatment, then carry out the second screening treatment, add water reducing agent, carry out the fourth wet ball milling treatment and the second aging treatment to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

8. The ceramic tile according to claim 7, characterized in that The water reducer is obtained by mixing water glass and sodium humate in a mass ratio of (1-5): (1-2); The added amount of the water reducing agent accounts for 1% to 5% of the mass of the jade-like soft fat effect glaze.

9. A method for preparing a tile with a jade-like soft effect, characterized in that: The preparation method is used to prepare the ceramic tile with jade-like soft fat effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: Spray the base glaze on the surface of the body, heat it to 100-120°C at a heating rate of 3-5°C / min, then heat it to 150-180°C at a heating rate of 1-3°C / min, and keep it for 10-15 minutes to form a base glaze layer on the surface of the body; The base glaze layer is repeatedly coated with jade-like soft fat effect glaze, and the coating is repeated, followed by drying, and then the coating is repeated. After the coating is completed, the glaze is fired to obtain a jade-like soft fat effect tile.