Head simulation model and craniotomy training method and system
By building a simulated skull model using 3D printing technology and combining it with vibration sensor analysis, the problem of a large gap between the existing model and the actual skull was resolved, achieving more efficient surgical skills training results.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410262039.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-09
AI Technical Summary
The existing skull simulation models used for doctors' surgical training are significantly different from the actual skull conditions and cannot effectively improve surgical skills.
A skull simulation model is provided, including the skull, dura mater, brain tissue and pia mater simulation parts. It is built and assembled through 3D printing technology and filled with water-expandable ultra-light plastic clay to simulate the real skull structure. Training data is collected through vibration sensors to analyze the training effect.
It improves the authenticity and effectiveness of surgical training, can more accurately evaluate and improve surgical skills, and reduces model loss rate.
Smart Images
Figure CN120612869A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a skull simulation model, a craniotomy training method and a system. Background Art
[0002] In clinical medicine, inappropriate craniotomy procedures often increase surgical trauma for patients. However, the additional trauma that has occurred is still used as a source of experience for surgeons to improve their skills in future actual surgeries.
[0003] To improve surgical skills through other methods, existing technologies offer skull models for craniotomy training. These models, molded from materials such as silicone, allow surgeons to experiment with the skull. However, these skull models can only simulate the skull's shape. Because silicone is very hard after solidification, they differ significantly from the actual skull. Even if doctors use these models for learning and experimentation, they do not truly help improve their skills in actual clinical surgery. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this application is that the existing skull simulation models used for doctors' surgical training are quite different from the actual situation of the skull and cannot meet the needs of surgical training. Therefore, a skull simulation model, craniotomy training method and system are provided.
[0005] In a first aspect, the technical solution of the present application provides a skull simulation model, comprising:
[0006] The skull simulation unit creates a three-dimensional skull model based on the image data of the head to be simulated, and performs 3D printing on the three-dimensional skull model;
[0007] The dura mater simulation part is obtained by covering the inner side of the skull simulation part with a plastic film of a first thickness;
[0008] a brain tissue simulation unit, which establishes a three-dimensional model of brain tissue based on the image data, performs 3D printing on the three-dimensional model of brain tissue to obtain a brain tissue mold, and fills the brain tissue mold with water-expandable ultra-light modeling clay to obtain the brain tissue simulation unit;
[0009] a pia mater simulation portion, obtained by wrapping the brain tissue simulation portion with a plastic film of a second thickness, wherein the second thickness is smaller than the first thickness;
[0010] The skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the skull simulation part covered with the dura mater simulation part and the brain tissue simulation part wrapped with the pia mater simulation part according to the image data.
[0011] In some embodiments of the skull simulation model, during the 3D printing process of the skull simulation part, the 3D printing slicing parameters include: a material of polylactide engineering plastic and a filling rate of 55%-75%.
[0012] In some embodiments of the skull simulation model, during the 3D printing process of the brain tissue simulation part, the slicing parameters of the 3D printing include: the material of polylactide engineering plastic.
[0013] In some embodiments of the skull simulation model, the dura mater simulation portion is obtained by covering the inner side of the skull simulation portion with a plastic film of (0.2±a) mm; wherein a is an error parameter;
[0014] The pia mater simulation part is obtained by wrapping the brain tissue simulation part with a plastic film of (0.1±b) mm, wherein b is an error parameter.
[0015] In a second aspect, the technical solution of the present application provides a craniotomy training method, comprising:
[0016] collecting vibration data of skull hole drilling, bone removal, and bone plate cutting operations during craniotomy training, wherein the craniotomy training is performed on the skull simulation model according to any one of claims 1 to 4;
[0017] The vibration data is analyzed to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration interval time of each operation of the craniotomy training, and determine the training result of the craniotomy training.
[0018] In some embodiments of the craniotomy training method, the step of analyzing the vibration data to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration intervals for each operation in the craniotomy training, and determining a training result for the craniotomy training, includes:
[0019] If the vibration amplitude change information of any operation exceeds a preset change threshold, it is determined that the stability of the operation is poor;
[0020] If the vibration duration of any operation exceeds the standard operation time corresponding to the operation, the proficiency of the operation is judged to be poor;
[0021] If the vibration interval between any two adjacent operations exceeds the standard interval, the execution of the subsequent operation is determined to be poor.
[0022] In some embodiments, the craniotomy training method further includes: analyzing the vibration data to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration intervals for each operation of the craniotomy training, and determining a training result of the craniotomy training.
[0023] comparing the vibration duration of the excess bone removal operation with a preset standard removal time;
[0024] If the vibration duration of the excess bone grinding operation is greater than the preset standard grinding time, it is determined that the skull hole drilling operation does not meet the standard.
[0025] Some craniotomy training methods described in the protocols also include:
[0026] Testing the morphological changes of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training;
[0027] The outcome variables are determined based on the morphological changes; the outcome variables include whether the skull hole drilling operation meets the goal of opening the skull simulation part in one go; whether the excess bone removal operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation part; and whether the bone plate cutting operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation part, the brain tissue simulation part, or the pia mater simulation part.
[0028] In some embodiments of the craniotomy training method, the step of examining the morphological changes of the skull simulation model after craniotomy training comprises:
[0029] Taking an image of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training;
[0030] The image is analyzed to obtain the morphological changes.
[0031] Some craniotomy training methods described in the protocols also include:
[0032] The skull simulation model after the craniotomy training is repaired to obtain a repaired skull simulation model; the repaired skull simulation model is used for subsequent craniotomy training.
[0033] In some embodiments of the craniotomy training method, the method of repairing the skull simulation model after craniotomy training to obtain the repaired skull simulation model comprises:
[0034] Use heated silicone to bond along the cut slits and cut holes in the skull simulation part of the skull simulation model;
[0035] The silicone gel is cooled and solidified to obtain a repaired skull model;
[0036] replacing the dura mater simulation portion, and replacing the brain tissue simulation portion and the pia mater simulation portion in the repaired skull model;
[0037] The repaired skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the repaired skull model covered with the replaced dura mater simulation part with the replaced brain tissue simulation part and the pia mater simulation part.
[0038] In a third aspect, the technical solution of the present application provides a craniotomy training system, comprising:
[0039] An operating table for performing craniotomy training on the skull simulation model according to any one of the first aspects;
[0040] a vibration sensor, disposed on the operating table, for collecting vibration data of the skull hole drilling operation, the excess bone removal operation, and the bone plate cutting operation during the craniotomy training;
[0041] The controller receives the vibration data sent by the vibration sensor and analyzes the vibration data to obtain the training result of the craniotomy training.
[0042] The above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:
[0043] The present application provides a skull simulation model, a craniotomy training method and a system, wherein the skull simulation model includes a skull simulation part, a dura mater simulation part, a brain tissue simulation part and a pia mater simulation part, and the skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the above-mentioned simulation parts. The dura mater simulation part and the pia mater simulation part are both formed by plastic films selected according to the actual conditions of the meninges. The plastic film is a soft material and is more in line with the actual conditions of the meninges. The brain tissue simulation part is filled with water-expanded ultra-light modeling clay. The above-mentioned simulation parts all have characteristics consistent with the actual conditions of each part of the skull. Therefore, the skull simulation model provided in this solution has a higher consistency with the real skull, and using the skull simulation model provided in this solution for craniotomy training can truly improve the effect of surgical training. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the skull simulation model after the hole is opened according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0045] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the skull simulation model according to an embodiment of the present application;
[0046] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a craniotomy training method in one embodiment of the present application;
[0047] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a craniotomy training system in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0048] The specific implementation of this application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0049] It is easy to understand that according to the technical solution of this application, a variety of structural methods and implementation methods can be replaced with each other by those skilled in the art without changing the essential spirit of this application. Therefore, the following specific embodiments and drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of this application and should not be regarded as the entire application or as a limitation or restriction of the technical solution of the application.
[0050] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly mentioned in this specification are defined relative to the structure shown in the drawings. They are relative concepts and may vary depending on the location and usage of the device. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive.
[0051] The present application embodiment provides a skull simulation model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a skull simulation part 1, a dura mater simulation part 2, a brain tissue simulation part 3 and a pia mater simulation part 4. The skull simulation part 1 establishes a three-dimensional skull model according to the image data of the head to be simulated, and is obtained by performing 3D printing on the skull three-dimensional model; the dura mater simulation part 2 is obtained by covering the inner side of the skull simulation part 1 with a plastic film of a first thickness; the brain tissue simulation part 3 establishes a three-dimensional brain tissue model according to the image data, and performs 3D printing on the brain tissue three-dimensional model to obtain a brain tissue mold, and fills the brain tissue mold with water-expanded ultra-light modeling clay to obtain the brain tissue simulation part 3; the pia mater simulation part 4 is obtained by wrapping the brain tissue simulation part 3 with a plastic film of a second thickness, and the second thickness is less than the first thickness; the skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the skull simulation part 1 covered with the dura mater simulation part 2 and the brain tissue simulation part 3 wrapped with the pia mater simulation part 4 according to the image data. As shown Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the skull simulation model after the hole is opened, wherein the blue background represents the background color of the skull simulation model. Since the dura mater simulation part 2 and the pia mater simulation part 4 are transparent plastic films, they cannot be clearly seen in the figure.
[0052] In the above scheme, the image data of the skull to be simulated can be CT thin-slice image data of a patient. Based on the CT thin-slice image data, the skull image portion recorded therein is segmented to obtain three-dimensional model data corresponding to the skull. The three-dimensional skull model corresponding to the skull is constructed using the three-dimensional skull model data. The three-dimensional skull model is then printed using 3D printing technology to obtain the skull simulation portion 1. The dura mater simulation portion 2 is simulated using a plastic film. The plastic film is laminated along the inner surface of the skull simulation portion 1 to obtain the dura mater simulation portion 2. Comparison shows that the texture of the plastic film is similar to that of the actual dura mater. The brain tissue image portion recorded in the CT thin-slice image data is segmented to obtain three-dimensional model data corresponding to the brain tissue. The three-dimensional brain tissue model is then constructed using the three-dimensional brain tissue model data. The three-dimensional brain tissue model is then printed using 3D printing technology to obtain a brain tissue mold. The brain tissue mold is then filled with water-expandable ultra-light modeling clay having a texture similar to that of brain tissue, ultimately obtaining the brain tissue simulation portion 3. A thinner plastic film is used to simulate the pia mater to obtain the pia mater simulation part 4. The plastic film has a soft texture similar to that of the pia mater. By using a thicker plastic film to simulate the dura mater and a thinner plastic film to simulate the pia mater, the difference in texture between the real dura mater and the pia mater can be simulated.
[0053] The skull simulation model in the above scheme includes a skull simulation part 1, a dura mater simulation part 2, a brain tissue simulation part 3 and a pia mater simulation part 4. The skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the above simulation parts. The dura mater simulation part 2 and the pia mater simulation part 4 are both formed by plastic films according to the actual situation of the meninges. The plastic film is a soft material and is more in line with the actual situation of the meninges. The brain tissue simulation part 3 is filled with water-expanded ultra-light modeling clay. The above simulation parts all have characteristics consistent with the actual situation of each part of the skull. Therefore, the skull simulation model provided in this scheme has a higher consistency with the real skull, and using the skull simulation model provided in this scheme for craniotomy training can truly improve the effect of surgical training.
[0054] Preferably, in the 3D printing process of the skull simulation model described above, the slicing parameters for the 3D printing of the skull simulation portion 1 include: a polylactide engineering plastic material and a fill ratio of 55%-75%. The 3D printed slices are Gcode slices. It has been verified that the texture of the skull simulation portion 1 designed and printed using these slicing parameters is close to that of a real skull.
[0055] Furthermore, during the 3D printing process of the brain tissue simulation part, the 3D printing slice parameters include the material of polylactide engineering plastic. By using slices of the same material for 3D printing, the number of material types can be reduced, costs can be controlled, and the process can be simplified.
[0056] Preferably, in the skull simulation model, the dura mater simulation part 2 is obtained by covering the inner side of the skull simulation part 1 with a plastic film of (0.2±a) mm; wherein a is an error parameter. In the optimal case, a 0.2 mm plastic film (polyethylene plastic film can be selected) is selected to simulate the dura mater, that is, a is zero. At this time, the texture of the plastic film and the dura mater is closest. However, considering the process error, a certain deviation in the thickness of the plastic film can be allowed. The deviation value should be limited to within 0.01 mm. Furthermore, the pia mater simulation part 4 is obtained by wrapping the brain tissue simulation part 3 with a plastic film of (0.1±b) mm; wherein b is an error parameter. In the optimal case, a 0.1 mm plastic film (polyethylene plastic film can be selected) is selected to simulate the pia mater, that is, b is zero. At this time, the texture of the plastic film and the pia mater is closest. However, considering the process error, a certain deviation in the thickness of the plastic film can be allowed. The deviation value should be limited to within 0.005 mm.
[0057] It should be noted that, although the structure of the skull simulation model provided in this application is determined based on the patient's CT imaging data, the material selection of each simulation part can simulate the situation of a real skull.
[0058] The present application also provides a craniotomy training method. Figure 3 As shown, the method includes the following steps:
[0059] S10: collecting vibration data of skull hole drilling, redundant bone removal, and bone plate cutting operations during craniotomy training, wherein the craniotomy training is performed on the skull simulation model according to any one of the aforementioned embodiments.
[0060] Typically, a craniotomy involves the three mechanical procedures described above: drilling the skull hole, grinding away excess bone, and incising the bone plate. Specifically, a craniotomy drill is used to drill the skull hole. If the drill fails to open the inner skull plate at an anatomical inflection point (such as the sphenoid ridge), a grinding drill is used to grind away excess bone. A milling cutter is then used to cut the bone plate between adjacent holes to form a bone flap.
[0061] The craniotomy training mentioned above needs to be conducted on a specific platform. Vibration sensors can be installed on the platform to collect vibration data during each operation. Vibration data can include maximum amplitude, minimum amplitude, average amplitude, and standard deviation of amplitude.
[0062] S20: Analyze the vibration data to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration interval time of each operation of the craniotomy training, and determine the training result of the craniotomy training.
[0063] The vibration data can be used to directly obtain the maximum and minimum amplitudes, as well as the amplitude values corresponding to each time point. Therefore, the vibration data can be used to obtain information about vibration amplitude changes, vibration duration, and vibration intervals for different operations. This data can be used to represent the training results of the craniotomy training.
[0064] Furthermore, the above step S20 includes:
[0065] If the vibration amplitude change information of any operation exceeds the preset change threshold, the smoothness of the operation is judged to be poor; if the vibration duration of any operation exceeds the standard operation time corresponding to the operation, the proficiency of the operation is judged to be poor; if the vibration interval between any two adjacent operations exceeds the standard interval time, the execution ability of the subsequent operation is judged to be poor.
[0066] If during operation, the difference between the maximum amplitude and the minimum amplitude is too large, or the average amplitude is too large, the standard deviation of the amplitude is too large, and other situations occur, it can be considered that the vibration amplitude change information exceeds the preset change threshold, indicating that the stability during the operation is poor, that is, the force is uneven.
[0067] Drilling a skull hole, removing excess bone, and cutting a bone plate all have a specific operating range. The maximum value of this operating range can be used as a standard operating time, which can be determined based on historical experience. If the duration of the vibration during an operation exceeds the corresponding standard operating time, it indicates that the operation is taking too long and the proficiency of the operation is poor.
[0068] Furthermore, during craniotomy, there is a certain interval between different operations. This interval should meet certain requirements. A standard interval is determined based on these requirements, which can be determined based on historical experience. If the vibration interval between any two adjacent operations exceeds this requirement, it indicates that the trainee is hesitant, lacks confidence, and has poor execution.
[0069] Obviously, among the above judgment criteria, when comparing the actual value with the standard value, the larger the gap, the worse the training result, and the more the trainee doctor needs to strengthen the training, until all the judgment conditions are met and the required results appear.
[0070] Furthermore, step S20 further includes comparing the vibration duration of the excess bone removal operation with a preset standard removal time; if the vibration duration of the excess bone removal operation exceeds the preset standard removal time, determining that the skull drilling operation does not meet the standard. In other words, the longer the excess bone removal operation takes, the more excess bone is left behind during the skull drilling operation, and the lower the quality of the skull drilling operation. The preset standard removal time can be determined based on historical experience.
[0071] Some craniotomy training methods described in the protocols also include:
[0072] S30: Inspecting the morphological changes of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training.
[0073] The morphological changes may include detection results of whether the surface of the skull simulation part, the brain tissue simulation part, the dura mater simulation part, and the pia mater simulation part has cracks or damage.
[0074] S40: Determine outcome variables based on the morphological changes; the outcome variables include whether the skull hole drilling operation meets the goal of opening the skull simulation part in one go; whether the excess bone removal operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation part; whether the bone plate cutting operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation part, the brain tissue simulation part or the pia mater simulation part.
[0075] If any of the above judgment results do not meet the requirements, that is, the skull simulation is not opened in one go, or the removal of excess bone causes damage to the dura mater simulation, or the bone plate cutting operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation, brain tissue simulation, or pia mater simulation, then the training result is unqualified and training must be repeated until all the above judgment results meet the requirements. This means that the following can be achieved: the simulated skull inner plate is opened in one go; the removal of simulated bone and the milling process of the bone plate do not cause damage to the dura mater simulation, pia mater simulation, or brain tissue simulation.
[0076] In the present application, the training results of each trainee are recorded, including the number of times, the judgment result of whether each item meets the standard, etc., to form an individualized learning and training curve for each trainee.
[0077] In the craniotomy training method provided in the present application, the step of examining the morphological changes of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy training comprises:
[0078] S301: Capturing an image of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training.
[0079] A camera can be set above the operating platform of the craniotomy training to shoot the entire craniotomy training process and the skull simulation model, and an image of the skull simulation model can be obtained from the shooting results.
[0080] S302: Analyze the image to obtain the morphological change.
[0081] Image pixel analysis can be used to determine whether the surface of the simulated skull, brain tissue, dura mater, and pia mater are cracked or damaged. If no damage is present, the pixel values of each simulated area will be consistent. If damage is present, the pixel values of the damaged area will be significantly different from those of the surrounding area.
[0082] Some craniotomy training methods described in the protocols also include:
[0083] S50: Repairing the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training to obtain a repaired skull simulation model; the repaired skull simulation model is used for subsequent craniotomy surgery training.
[0084] That is, the skull simulation model in this application can be reused.
[0085] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the craniotomy training method, the step of repairing the skull simulation model after craniotomy training to obtain the repaired skull simulation model comprises:
[0086] S501: Using heated silicone to bond along the cut slits and cut holes of the skull simulation part of the skull simulation model; after the silicone is cooled and solidified, a repaired skull model is obtained.
[0087] A silicone gun can be used to bond along the cut slits and pores of the simulated skull. After the silicone cools down, its texture becomes hard, similar to the texture of a real bone suture healing area.
[0088] S502: The dura mater simulation portion of the repaired skull model is replaced, as are the brain tissue simulation portion and the pia mater simulation portion. Specifically, the dura mater simulation portion inside the skull simulation portion is replaced, the modeling clay is re-placed into the mold, the simulated brain tissue portion is restored to its original appearance, and the pia mater simulation portion surrounding the brain tissue simulation portion is replaced.
[0089] S503: Assembling the repaired skull model covered with the replaced dura mater simulation part with the replaced brain tissue simulation part and the pia mater simulation part to obtain the repaired skull simulation model.
[0090] The solution of the present application can reduce the loss rate of the head simulation model.
[0091] like Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a craniotomy training system, comprising:
[0092] The operating table 100 is used for performing craniotomy training on the skull simulation model 200 described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments.
[0093] The vibration sensor 300 is arranged on the operating table 100 and is used to collect vibration data of the skull hole drilling operation, excess bone removal operation and bone plate cutting operation in the craniotomy training; in the specific implementation, the vibration sensor 300 can be set on the operating table 100 by gluing.
[0094] The controller 400 receives the vibration data sent by the vibration sensor 300 and analyzes the vibration data to obtain the training result of the craniotomy training.
[0095] Specifically, the controller 400 can run a corresponding program according to the steps of obtaining training results in the craniotomy training method to determine the training results of the craniotomy training. The controller 400 can also be configured with a display screen, etc., for displaying the training results.
[0096] As needed, the above technical solutions can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
[0097] The above are only the principles and preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the principles of the present application, several other modifications can be made, which should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present application.
Claims
1. A skull simulation model, characterized in that: include: The skull simulation unit creates a three-dimensional skull model based on the image data of the head to be simulated, and performs 3D printing on the three-dimensional skull model; The dura mater simulation part is obtained by covering the inner side of the skull simulation part with a plastic film of a first thickness; a brain tissue simulation unit, which establishes a three-dimensional model of brain tissue based on the image data, performs 3D printing on the three-dimensional model of brain tissue to obtain a brain tissue mold, and fills the brain tissue mold with water-expandable ultra-light modeling clay to obtain the brain tissue simulation unit; a pia mater simulation portion, obtained by wrapping the brain tissue simulation portion with a plastic film of a second thickness, wherein the second thickness is smaller than the first thickness; The skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the skull simulation part covered with the dura mater simulation part and the brain tissue simulation part wrapped with the pia mater simulation part according to the image data.
2. The skull simulation model according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the 3D printing process of the skull simulation part, the 3D printing slicing parameters include: a material of polylactide engineering plastic and a filling rate of 55%-75%.
3. The skull simulation model according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the 3D printing process of the brain tissue simulation part, the slicing parameters of the 3D printing include: the material of polylactide engineering plastic.
4. The skull simulation model according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The dura mater simulation part is obtained by covering the inner side of the skull simulation part with a plastic film of (0.2±a) mm; wherein a is an error parameter; The pia mater simulation part is obtained by wrapping the brain tissue simulation part with a plastic film of (0.1±b) mm, wherein b is an error parameter.
5. A craniotomy training method, characterized in that: include: collecting vibration data of skull hole drilling, bone removal, and bone plate cutting operations during craniotomy training, wherein the craniotomy training is performed on the skull simulation model according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The vibration data is analyzed to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration interval time of each operation of the craniotomy training, and determine the training result of the craniotomy training.
6. The craniotomy training method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analyzing the vibration data to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration intervals of different operations for each operation of the craniotomy training, and determining a training result of the craniotomy training includes: If the vibration amplitude change information of any operation exceeds a preset change threshold, it is determined that the stability of the operation is poor; If the vibration duration of any operation exceeds the standard operation time corresponding to the operation, the proficiency of the operation is judged to be poor; If the vibration interval between any two adjacent operations exceeds the standard interval, the execution of the subsequent operation is determined to be poor.
7. The craniotomy training method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The step of analyzing the vibration data to obtain vibration amplitude change information, vibration duration, and vibration intervals of different operations for each operation in the craniotomy training, and determining a training result of the craniotomy training, further includes: comparing the vibration duration of the excess bone removal operation with a preset standard removal time; If the vibration duration of the excess bone grinding operation is greater than the preset standard grinding time, it is determined that the skull hole drilling operation does not meet the standard.
8. The craniotomy training method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: Also includes: Testing the morphological changes of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training; Determining outcome variables based on the described morphological changes; The outcome variables include whether the skull hole drilling operation meets the goal of opening the skull simulation part in one go; whether the excess bone removal operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation part; and whether the bone plate cutting operation causes damage to the dura mater simulation part, the brain tissue simulation part, or the pia mater simulation part.
9. The craniotomy training method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The testing of the morphological changes of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training includes: Taking an image of the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training; The image is analyzed to obtain the morphological changes.
10. The craniotomy training method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: Repairing the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training to obtain a repaired skull simulation model; The repaired skull simulation model is used for subsequent craniotomy training.
11. The craniotomy training method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The method of repairing the skull simulation model after the craniotomy surgery training to obtain the repaired skull simulation model includes: Use heated silicone to bond along the cut slits and cut holes in the skull simulation part of the skull simulation model; The silicone gel is cooled and solidified to obtain a repaired skull model; replacing the dura mater simulation portion, and replacing the brain tissue simulation portion and the pia mater simulation portion in the repaired skull model; The repaired skull simulation model is obtained by assembling the repaired skull model covered with the replaced dura mater simulation part with the replaced brain tissue simulation part and the pia mater simulation part.
12. A craniotomy training system, characterized in that: include: An operating table for performing craniotomy training on the skull simulation model according to any one of claims 1 to 4; a vibration sensor, disposed on the operating table, for collecting vibration data of the skull hole drilling operation, the excess bone removal operation, and the bone plate cutting operation during the craniotomy training; The controller receives the vibration data sent by the vibration sensor and analyzes the vibration data to obtain the training result of the craniotomy training.