Grafted sapling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a grafted sapling cultivation method capable of improving the grafting survival rate, relates to the technical field of grafted sapling cultivation, and aims to solve the problem that the sapling grafting success rate is poor. According to the method, a quantifiable and traceable method selection model is constructed by deeply fusing plant physiological characteristics, geometrical morphology parameters and a grafting mechanics principle, so that the adaptation efficiency of the grafting method is improved by more than three times, and continuous optimization of a healing environment is realized through continuously circulating data comparison and parameter adjustment; according to the method, high-efficiency grafting is guaranteed, growth quality of grafted saplings in different healing stages can be accurately judged by setting evaluation indexes such as callus development, shoot growth amount, environmental stability and root development, continuous optimization of healing environment is realized by continuously circulating data comparison and parameter adjustment, and the survival rate of the saplings is increased. And high efficiency of the grafting process is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grafted seedling cultivation, in particular to a grafted seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate. Background Art

[0002] Grafted sapling cultivation refers to the process of grafting the branch or bud (scion) of one sapling onto another sapling (rootstock), promoting interface healing by regulating environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and light, monitoring callus growth and new shoot development, and managing in stages to ensure that the scion and rootstock form a complete plant, thereby achieving cultivation goals such as variety improvement and resistance enhancement.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN110337932A discloses a method for improving the survival rate and uniformity of grafted fruit tree seedlings. The method mainly comprises soaking the bud core with a repairing liquid and uniformly spraying the inner wall of the lateral bud incision with the repairing liquid to provide nutrients to the scion, irrigating the rootstock in advance, and comprehensively killing pathogens to avoid pathogen infection. In addition, veratridine is used as an insecticide to protect the grafting site and avoid the influence of pests, thereby effectively improving the survival rate of seedling grafting, reducing the number of secondary grafting, and thus reducing costs. The present invention achieves high uniformity of the seedlings of the present invention through scion collection, scion treatment, rootstock treatment, and post-grafting management, thereby ensuring that the commercial seedlings are on the market at the best time, ensuring the sales price of the seedlings, and significantly improving the economic benefits of the growers. Although the above patent solves the problem of seedling grafting, the following problems still exist in actual operation:

[0004] 1. The scion quality is unstable, it is easy to carry pests and diseases, and the infection rate is increased due to the poor compatibility of the scion activity and the rootstock.

[0005] 2. Equipment failure leads to operational errors, failure of environmental control, deviation of test data, poor adaptability of grafting methods, dislocation of cambium, loose fixation, and insufficient sealing leading to infection and water loss.

[0006] 3. Environmental parameters are applied in a one-size-fits-all manner, there is a lack of phased regulation, real-time monitoring is insufficient, dynamic adjustment is delayed, monitoring methods are single, the evaluation system is extensive, and management strategies are vague. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a grafted seedling cultivation method that improves the grafting survival rate. By deeply integrating plant physiological characteristics, geometric morphological parameters and grafting mechanics principles, a quantifiable and traceable method selection model is constructed, which increases the adaptation efficiency of the grafting method by more than 3 times. Through continuous data comparison and parameter adjustment, continuous optimization of the healing environment is achieved, and the efficient progress of the grafting process is guaranteed. By setting evaluation indicators such as callus tissue development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root system development, the growth quality of the grafted seedlings at different healing stages can be accurately judged. Through continuous data comparison and parameter adjustment, continuous optimization of the healing environment is achieved, and the efficient progress of the grafting process is guaranteed. By setting evaluation indicators such as callus tissue development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root system development, the growth quality of the grafted seedlings at different healing stages can be accurately judged, which can solve the problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate, comprising:

[0010] First, select the scion and rootstock, process the materials of the selected scion and rootstock, test the auxiliary equipment for seedling grafting, adapt the grafting method according to the scion and rootstock after material processing, implement grafting positioning after the grafting method adaptation, simulate the healing environment of the seedling's wound healing environment after the grafting positioning is implemented, dynamically adjust the grafting data according to the healing environment simulation data, monitor the cultivation process in real time when the seedling is grafted and cultivated, and evaluate the cultivation process. Manage the seedling grafting cultivation situation according to the evaluation results.

[0011] Preferably, the scion and rootstock are selected, including:

[0012] First, select the scion, including the selection of mother trees and scion branches;

[0013] Among them, the mother trees are selected to be healthy, disease-free and of moderate age. The scion branches are selected from the upper and middle parts of the outer periphery, in the deep dormancy period, and with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm as the target scion branches. After the mother trees and scion branches are confirmed, the leaves are cut off and marked.

[0014] Then the rootstock is selected, including the type and source of the rootstock;

[0015] Among them, the rootstock types include resistant rootstocks, dwarfing and tree rootstocks, adaptive rootstocks and compatible rootstocks; the sources include seedlings and clones; according to the rootstock type and source, the rootstock's root system, stem and seedling age are selected according to the inoculation requirements;

[0016] Finally complete the selection of scion and rootstock.

[0017] Preferably, the selected scion and rootstock are subjected to material processing, including:

[0018] The scion is first processed, wherein the scion is pruned according to the branch grafting method or the bud grafting method. The branch grafting method is to cut the scion into 8-15 cm small segments, retaining 2-3 full buds, leaving 1 cm flat cut above the top bud, and chopping the lower end according to the grafting method; the bud grafting method is to peel off the bud piece from the scion branch, the bud piece is 2-3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, the upper end of the bud piece is cut flat and the lower end is cut obliquely into a shield shape; the pruned scion is immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 500 times solution of 50% carbendazim for 3-5 minutes, and then rinsed with sterile water twice after being taken out, and the surface moisture is dried. Industrial paraffin is heated to 100-120°C to melt, and the lower end of the scion is quickly dipped in wax to form a 0.1 mm wax film. After wax sealing, the scion is placed in a plastic bag with moistened absorbent cotton or moss inside;

[0019] The rootstock is then processed, wherein the root system of the rootstock is pruned, including cutting off the damaged roots and split roots of the rootstock, retaining 20-30 cm of the main root, and shortening the lateral roots to 10-15 cm. After pruning, the root system is immersed in a 100 ppm rooting powder solution for 30 minutes, and then the stem of the rootstock is processed, including cutting the rootstock 5-15 cm from the ground, flattening the cross section, removing leaves, suckers and epidermal hairs within 10 cm below the grafting site, and wiping the stem surface with 75% alcohol for disinfection; after the root system and stem treatment is completed, the rootstock is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur mixture for disinfection;

[0020] Finally complete the material processing of scion and rootstock.

[0021] Preferably, the sapling grafting auxiliary equipment is tested, including:

[0022] Auxiliary equipment for seedling grafting includes operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment and processing equipment;

[0023] Among them, operating tools include grafting knives, binding and fixing tools, and disinfection equipment; environmental control equipment includes temperature and humidity control equipment, light adjustment equipment, and ventilation equipment; monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, data recording equipment, and image monitoring equipment; processing equipment includes wax sealing equipment, rooting processing equipment, and cleaning equipment;

[0024] Conduct inspections on operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment, and processing equipment, including appearance inspection, functional operation test, safety inspection, calibration test, and consumables inspection;

[0025] After the test is completed and qualified, proceed to the next step.

[0026] Preferably, the grafting method is adapted according to the scion and stock after material treatment, including:

[0027] The characteristics of scions and rootstocks were analyzed separately, including morphological characteristics, processing status and botanical characteristics of scions and morphological characteristics, processing status and functional requirements of rootstocks;

[0028] Match the characteristics of scion and rootstock with applicable scenarios in the grafting method candidate library;

[0029] Among them, if the scion is pruned by branch grafting, choose branch grafting or tongue grafting, and match the stock stem diameter ≥ 0.5 cm; if the scion is pruned by bud grafting, choose "T" bud grafting or chip bud grafting, and match the stock stem diameter 0.5-2 cm and the cortex is easy to peel off;

[0030] After the grafting method is selected, the corresponding seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is selected according to the grafting method;

[0031] Finally, the adaptation of the scion and rootstock grafting methods is completed.

[0032] Preferably, after the grafting method is adapted, the grafting positioning is implemented, including:

[0033] The grafting positioning process includes positioning marking, docking, fixing and sealing;

[0034] Positioning marks include branch grafting and bud grafting. When the rootstock is positioned by branch grafting, the grafting knife is used to split vertically at the center of the rootstock cross section, and the blade marks the split line; when the scion is positioned by branch grafting, the scion is held and the cut surface is compared with the rootstock incision, and the lower end of the cut surface extends 0.1-0.2 cm beyond the rootstock incision; when the rootstock is positioned by bud grafting, a "T" shape is cut with the tip of the knife at a distance of 5-10 cm from the ground, and the transverse incision is located directly above the bud; when the scion is positioned by bud grafting, the bud piece is placed in the rootstock incision, and the upper end of the bud piece is aligned with the transverse incision of the rootstock, or the entire bud piece is in contact with the rootstock incision, and the bud body is located in the center of the incision;

[0035] Butt grafting includes branch grafting alignment and bud grafting. Branch grafting alignment includes single-side alignment and double-side alignment. Single-side alignment is to align the cambium on one side of the cut surface of the scion with the cambium on the same side of the cleft of the stock; double-side alignment is to align the cambium on both sides of the cut surface of the scion with the cambium on both sides of the incision of the stock, and press the top of the scion with the thumb to align them; Bud grafting includes cortex alignment and xylem alignment. Cortex alignment is to use the tip of a knife to pry open the cortex of the stock, insert the bud into the T-shaped opening, and push it down until the bud is embedded. At the same time, the cortex tightly wraps the two sides of the bud; xylem alignment is to align the bud with the xylem cut surface of the incision of the stock;

[0036] Fixation includes branch grafting and bud grafting. For branch grafting, a 1-1.5cm wide plastic strip is wrapped from the bottom of the joint upwards, with each circle overlapping by 1 / 3. The incision is sealed at the top of the scion and finally tied with a knot or fixed with a grafting clip. For bud grafting, a 0.5cm wide grafting film is wrapped from the bottom of the bud and around the top of the bud to expose the bud body, and then tied at the bottom of the bud body. For chip bud grafting, the joint is fully wrapped, leaving a 0.5cm gap at the bud body for binding.

[0037] Seal the unsealed part of the grafted scion tip with vaseline or healing agent;

[0038] After the grafting positioning is completed, the grafted seedlings are inspected for appearance and tested for stability;

[0039] After the appearance inspection and stability test are completed and passed, the grafted seedlings are obtained.

[0040] Preferably, after the grafting positioning is implemented, the wound healing environment of the sapling is simulated, including:

[0041] Determine the basic environmental parameters according to the variety of the grafted saplings, which include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, light parameters, ventilation parameters and gas composition parameters;

[0042] The healing stages of grafted saplings are further divided into early, middle and late stages. The early stage is 0-3 days, the middle stage is 4-10 days, and the late stage is 11-15 days.

[0043] Configure environmental simulation equipment based on confirmed basic environmental parameters, including heaters, refrigerators, humidifiers, LED lights, blackout curtains, fans, air filters, and gas monitors;

[0044] After the basic environmental parameters of the environmental simulation equipment are configured, perform initial parameter calibration;

[0045] After the initial parameter calibration is completed and the calibration is correct, the simulation of the healing environment is completed.

[0046] Preferably, dynamically regulating the grafting data according to the healing environment simulation data includes:

[0047] Using environmental simulation equipment to collect healing environment data in real time, and at the same time, comparing the collected healing environment data with standard parameter data of different stages according to the divided healing stages, wherein the standard parameter data of different stages are retrieved from the database;

[0048] Confirm the abnormal environmental data in the healing environmental data based on the data comparison results;

[0049] Match abnormal environmental data with corresponding environmental simulation equipment;

[0050] Then confirm the abnormal range values ​​between the abnormal environment data and the corresponding standard parameter data;

[0051] Adjust the parameters of the matching environmental simulation equipment according to the confirmed abnormal range values;

[0052] After the parameter adjustment is completed, the data comparison is performed again until there is no abnormal parameter data in the data comparison results.

[0053] Preferably, the cultivation process of the grafted seedlings is monitored in real time and evaluated, including:

[0054] Collect the dynamically adjusted healing environment data in real time and form a real-time curve;

[0055] Monitor the wound healing status and growth status of grafted seedlings;

[0056] Among them, the wound healing status monitoring is to use a high-definition camera to shoot the wound of the grafted seedling within a fixed time and automatically identify the area covered by the callus tissue. At the same time, an infrared thermal imager is used to scan the wound area every 3 days. If the temperature of the healing area is 0.5-1℃ higher than the surrounding area, the healing area is in normal metabolism; if the temperature difference of the healing area is greater than 2℃, the healing area is in stagnant healing; the binding force sensor is used to monitor the pressure value in real time, and the grafting pressure is 10-15N / cm 2 ;

[0057] The monitoring of seedling growth status includes physiological index detection and morphological index recording. Physiological index detection is to measure transpiration using a leaf transpiration rate meter; morphological index recording is to observe and record the growth of new shoots and root development.

[0058] Based on the monitoring results of wound healing and seedling growth, each healing stage of the grafted seedlings was evaluated. The evaluation indicators included callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development.

[0059] Finally, the cultivation evaluation results of the grafted seedlings were obtained.

[0060] Preferably, the grafted seedling cultivation is managed based on the assessment results, including:

[0061] The cultivation evaluation results are graded according to the cultivation indicators, wherein the cultivation indicators are retrieved from the database;

[0062] The grading settings include first-level cultivation, second-level cultivation and third-level cultivation;

[0063] Identify problems in secondary and tertiary cultivation by grading, including environmental problems, healing problems, growth problems, and operational problems;

[0064] After the problem is identified, the grafted saplings of secondary and tertiary cultivation will be managed. Among them, the management of grafted saplings of secondary cultivation is to extend the cultivation; the management of grafted saplings of tertiary cultivation is to eliminate or re-graft.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0066] 1. The present invention provides a method for cultivating grafted seedlings with improved grafting survival rate. According to the inoculation requirements, the root system, stem and seedling age of the rootstock are screened to ensure that the root system of the rootstock is well-developed, the stem is strong, and the seedling age is appropriate, so that the rootstock has good absorption and support capabilities, provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of the scion, adjusts the physiological states of the scion and the rootstock to the optimal adaptation period, and extends the time window of the grafting operation from 3-5 days in the traditional method to 7-10 days, significantly improving the operational flexibility in large-scale production.

[0067] 2. The present invention provides a method for cultivating grafted seedlings to improve the grafting survival rate. Through comprehensive testing of seedling grafting auxiliary equipment, the efficient, safe and precise operation of the grafting auxiliary equipment is achieved, and the quality and efficiency of grafted seedling cultivation are comprehensively guaranteed. By deeply integrating plant physiological characteristics, geometric morphological parameters and grafting mechanics principles, a quantifiable and traceable method selection model is constructed, which increases the adaptation efficiency of the grafting method by more than 3 times.

[0068] 3. The present invention provides a method for cultivating grafted seedlings to improve the grafting survival rate. The method uses staged regulation to ensure that the grafted seedlings can obtain optimal environmental support at different growth stages, significantly improving the healing efficiency. Through continuous data comparison and parameter adjustment, the continuous optimization of the healing environment is achieved, ensuring the efficient progress of the grafting process. By setting evaluation indicators such as callus tissue development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development, the growth quality of the grafted seedlings at different healing stages can be accurately judged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the grafted seedling cultivation steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, such as unstable scion quality, easy carrying of pests and diseases, and poor compatibility between scion activity and rootstock, which leads to increased infection rate, please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0072] A method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate, comprising:

[0073] First, select the scion and rootstock, process the materials of the selected scion and rootstock, test the auxiliary equipment for seedling grafting, adapt the grafting method according to the scion and rootstock after material processing, implement grafting positioning after the grafting method adaptation, simulate the healing environment of the seedling's wound healing environment after the grafting positioning is implemented, dynamically adjust the grafting data according to the healing environment simulation data, monitor the cultivation process in real time when the seedling is grafted and cultivated, and evaluate the cultivation process. Manage the seedling grafting cultivation situation according to the evaluation results.

[0074] Specifically, starting from the source selection of the scion and rootstock, emphasis is placed on the affinity matching between the two. Through precise screening of variety characteristics and growth status, the compatibility of the grafting combination is ensured on a biological basis, laying an innate advantage for the subsequent healing process. In the material processing stage, disinfection, trimming and other operations are carried out to remove surface pathogens and optimize the incision morphology, which not only reduces the risk of infection, but also creates a smooth interface for cambium docking, which meets the physiological needs of plant wound healing. The equipment testing step ensures the stable performance of the grafting tools, avoids insufficient fit or failure of environmental control due to instrument errors, eliminates potential risks at the hardware level, and reflects the rigor of technical implementation. According to the stem structure and cambium distribution characteristics of different tree species, the optimal methods such as cleft grafting, bud grafting, and bark grafting are selected to maximize the contact area between the cambium of the scion and the rootstock, promoting rapid fusion of callus tissue. The implementation of grafting positioning further ensures a tight fit of the interface through physical fixation technology, reduces healing obstacles caused by misalignment, and transforms traditional experience into quantifiable operating standards. The healing environment simulation technology represents a breakthrough, creating a dynamic model of temperature, humidity, light, and gas composition. Using intelligent devices, it precisely synthesizes the microenvironment necessary for crop healing, preventing environmental fluctuations from interfering with the healing process and shortening the wound healing cycle by 30%-40%. Dynamic control and real-time monitoring form a closed-loop technology: sensors collect physiological signals from the healing area in real time, and mathematical models are built based on this environmental simulation data to automatically adjust parameters such as the temperature control system and irrigation strategy, achieving intelligent "monitoring-analysis-intervention" management. The cultivation process assessment module uses a comprehensive evaluation of multiple indicators, including growth, callus area, and chlorophyll content, to promptly identify potential problems such as poor healing and nutrient transport obstruction, guiding management personnel to implement targeted measures such as grafting and topdressing. This data-driven management model breaks the limitations of traditional grafting, which relies on empirical judgment, and limits fluctuations in survival rates to less than 5%, significantly improving cultivation stability.

[0075] The scion and rootstock are selected, including:

[0076] First, select the scion, including the selection of mother trees and scion branches;

[0077] Among them, the mother trees are selected to be healthy, disease-free and of moderate age. The scion branches are selected from the upper and middle parts of the outer periphery, in the deep dormancy period, and with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm as the target scion branches. After the mother trees and scion branches are confirmed, the leaves are cut off and marked.

[0078] Then the rootstock is selected, including the type and source of the rootstock;

[0079] Among them, the rootstock types include resistant rootstocks, dwarfing and tree rootstocks, adaptive rootstocks and compatible rootstocks; the sources include seedlings and clones; according to the rootstock type and source, the rootstock's root system, stem and seedling age are selected according to the inoculation requirements;

[0080] Finally complete the selection of scion and rootstock.

[0081] Specifically, in terms of scion selection, strict standards are set for mother trees and scion branches, which greatly improves the quality of scion. Selecting healthy and disease-free mother trees can ensure the excellence of scion genetic material from the source and reduce the risk of disease and pest transmission; mother trees of moderate age have strong scion cell activity and regeneration ability, which is conducive to rapid healing after grafting. Scion branches are selected during the deep dormancy period of trees. At this time, the physiological activity of branches is weak, and the loss of water and nutrients is small. Branches with a diameter of 0.5-1.5cm in the upper and middle parts of the periphery are selected to ensure that the branches grow well, the buds are full, the cambium is active, and it is easier to grow in close proximity to the rootstock. Leaf cutting and marking operations not only reduce water transpiration, but also facilitate accurate identification and management of the subsequent grafting process, avoid confusion, and ensure the standardization and success rate of grafting. In terms of rootstock selection, the rich types and sources of selection are extremely flexible and targeted. Resistant rootstocks can enhance the resistance of grafted seedlings to diseases, pests, and adversity; dwarfing and tree-like rootstocks can regulate the plant shape of seedlings to meet different cultivation needs; adaptive and compatible rootstocks ensure smooth nutrient and water transfer between the rootstock and scion after grafting, improving overall adaptability. A variety of sources of seedlings and clones are available to suit different cultivation goals and production scales. Based on inoculation requirements, the rootstock's root system, stem, and seedling age are screened to ensure that the rootstock has a well-developed root system, a strong stem, and an appropriate seedling age. This ensures good absorption and support capabilities, provides sufficient nutrients for scion growth, ensures the subsequent healthy growth of the grafted seedlings, and significantly improves the grafting survival rate and seedling quality.

[0082] Material processing of selected scions and rootstocks, including:

[0083] The scion is first processed, wherein the scion is pruned according to the branch grafting method or the bud grafting method. The branch grafting method is to cut the scion into 8-15 cm small segments, retaining 2-3 full buds, leaving 1 cm flat cut above the top bud, and chopping the lower end according to the grafting method; the bud grafting method is to peel off the bud piece from the scion branch, the bud piece is 2-3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, the upper end of the bud piece is cut flat and the lower end is cut obliquely into a shield shape; the pruned scion is immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 500 times solution of 50% carbendazim for 3-5 minutes, and then rinsed with sterile water twice after being taken out, and the surface moisture is dried. Industrial paraffin is heated to 100-120°C to melt, and the lower end of the scion is quickly dipped in wax to form a 0.1 mm wax film. After wax sealing, the scion is placed in a plastic bag with moistened absorbent cotton or moss inside;

[0084] The rootstock is then processed, wherein the root system of the rootstock is pruned, including cutting off the damaged roots and split roots of the rootstock, retaining 20-30 cm of the main root, and shortening the lateral roots to 10-15 cm. After pruning, the root system is immersed in a 100 ppm rooting powder solution for 30 minutes, and then the stem of the rootstock is processed, including cutting the rootstock 5-15 cm from the ground, flattening the cross section, removing leaves, suckers and epidermal hairs within 10 cm below the grafting site, and wiping the stem surface with 75% alcohol for disinfection; after the root system and stem treatment is completed, the rootstock is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur mixture for disinfection;

[0085] Finally complete the material processing of scion and rootstock.

[0086] Specifically, the scion treatment designs differentiated pruning schemes according to the different physiological characteristics of branch grafting and bud grafting: the branch grafting method cuts the scion into 8-15cm small segments and retains 2-3 full buds, which not only meets the nutritional reserves required for bud germination, but also forms a flat cambium docking interface through flat cutting at the top and beveling at the bottom, which is convenient for precise fitting with the rootstock; the shield-shaped buds peeled off by the bud grafting method are designed with flat cutting at the top and oblique cutting at the bottom to maximize the retention of the cambium tissue around the bud, while reducing the mechanical damage when the buds are peeled off, so that the buds and the rootstock are fitted together. The contact area is increased by more than 30%, which significantly improves the callus fusion efficiency. It adopts a triple protection mechanism of "immersion disinfection-surface cleaning-wax sealing isolation": the scion is soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate or 500 times carbendazim solution for 3-5 minutes, which can effectively kill fungi and bacteria carried on the surface, with a sterilization rate of more than 95%; sterile water is used to rinse to remove residual agents and avoid chemical damage; 100-120℃ industrial paraffin is quickly dipped in wax to form a 0.1mm dense wax film, which not only blocks the invasion path of airborne pathogens, but also prevents moisture evaporation from the scion incision. During the rootstock treatment, the stems are wiped with 75% alcohol to eliminate pathogens carried by the epidermal hairs. Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur mixture is sprayed throughout the garden to form a protective drug film, cutting off the disease transmission chain from both the scion and the rootstock, and controlling the infection rate after grafting to below 5%. The rootstock roots are precisely pruned to retain 20-30cm main roots and 10-15cm lateral roots, which not only avoids the main roots from being too long and causing bending during transplanting, but also stimulates the activation of the lateral root meristem by shortening them. Soaking in 100ppm rooting powder for 30 minutes can increase the IAA (indoleacetic acid) concentration at the root wound by 2 times, promote the germination of new roots by 40%, and establish an efficient channel for water and nutrient transport after grafting. Moisturizing the scion with moistened cotton wool / moss before wax sealing ensures that the scion maintains 85%-90% cell moisture during storage, maintaining cambium cell division activity. During stock stem treatment, leaves and shoots are removed to reduce nutrient competition at the grafting site, concentrating nutrients on the healing interface. Flattening the cross section increases the exposed cambium area by 20%, providing more space for callus formation during scion attachment. Scion wax sealing technology overcomes the limitations of traditional moisturizing methods. The thermoplastic properties of the wax film allow it to conform tightly to irregular cuts and maintain physical stability within a temperature range of -5°C to 30°C, preventing scion drying or mildew caused by humidity fluctuations during transportation and storage. Soaking the stock in root powder after root treatment not only promotes new root growth but also enhances the grafted seedling's ability to adapt to adversities during the initial transplanting phase by regulating the osmotic pressure of root cells. This improves survival by 15%-20% in drought or saline-alkali environments. The entire processing flow adjusts the physiological state of the scion and rootstock to the optimal adaptation period, extending the time window for grafting operations from 3-5 days in traditional methods to 7-10 days, significantly improving operational flexibility in large-scale production.

[0087] To solve the existing technology, please refer to Figure 1, this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0088] Test the auxiliary equipment for grafting saplings, including:

[0089] Auxiliary equipment for seedling grafting includes operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment and processing equipment;

[0090] Among them, operating tools include grafting knives, binding and fixing tools, and disinfection equipment; environmental control equipment includes temperature and humidity control equipment, light adjustment equipment, and ventilation equipment; monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, data recording equipment, and image monitoring equipment; processing equipment includes wax sealing equipment, rooting processing equipment, and cleaning equipment;

[0091] Conduct inspections on operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment, and processing equipment, including appearance inspection, functional operation test, safety inspection, calibration test, and consumables inspection;

[0092] After the test is completed and qualified, proceed to the next step.

[0093] Specifically, in terms of operating tool testing, the inspection of grafting knives, binding and fixing tools, and disinfection equipment ensures the accuracy and safety of grafting operations. Inspection of tool appearance can promptly detect problems such as blade wear and cracks. Functional operation tests ensure cutting sharpness to avoid uneven cuts between the scion and the rootstock due to tool problems, which affects the fit of the cambium layer. Inspection of binding and fixing tools can ensure that the interface is firmly fixed after grafting to prevent dislocation. Inspection of disinfection equipment avoids infection caused by incomplete disinfection and reduces the risk of disease transmission. Inspection of environmental control equipment is related to the precise creation of a healing environment for grafted seedlings. Inspection of temperature and humidity control equipment, light control equipment, and ventilation equipment ensures that the grafted seedlings can be provided with temperature, light, water, and air conditions suitable for growth. If the temperature and humidity control equipment malfunctions, the temperature and humidity of the healing environment may be too high or too low, affecting the formation of callus tissue. Abnormal light control equipment will interfere with photosynthesis, and failure of ventilation equipment may cause air to stagnate and breed bacteria. Through testing, these problems can be avoided in advance, significantly improving the survival rate of grafted seedlings. Monitoring equipment testing provides reliable data support for grafted seedling growth management. The accurate operation of environmental sensors, data recording equipment, and image monitoring equipment can obtain real-time data on the grafted seedling growth environment and images of its growth status, helping managers to promptly detect anomalies and take measures. Calibration testing ensures data accuracy and avoids erroneous decisions due to data bias. Processing equipment testing ensures the smooth progress of grafted seedling processing. Performance issues with wax sealing equipment, rooting equipment, and cleaning equipment will affect the quality of the scion wax seal, the rooting effect of the rootstock, and the cleanliness of the equipment, thereby affecting the growth of the grafted seedlings. Consumables inspection avoids interruptions to the cultivation process due to insufficient consumables or quality issues. Through comprehensive testing of these devices, the efficient, safe, and precise operation of grafting auxiliary equipment is achieved, comprehensively guaranteeing the quality and efficiency of grafted seedling cultivation.

[0094] Adapt the grafting method based on the processed scion and rootstock, including:

[0095] The characteristics of scions and rootstocks were analyzed separately, including morphological characteristics, processing status and botanical characteristics of scions and morphological characteristics, processing status and functional requirements of rootstocks;

[0096] The characteristics of the scion and rootstock are mapped to the applicable scenarios in the grafting method candidate library. The usage scenarios are shown in the figure below:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, if the scion is pruned by branch grafting, choose branch grafting or tongue grafting, and match the stock stem diameter ≥ 0.5 cm; if the scion is pruned by bud grafting, choose "T" bud grafting or chip bud grafting, and match the stock stem diameter 0.5-2 cm and the cortex is easy to peel off;

[0099] After the grafting method is selected, the corresponding seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is selected according to the grafting method;

[0100] Finally, the adaptation of the scion and rootstock grafting methods is completed.

[0101] Specifically, the three-dimensional characteristics of the scion and rootstock are quantitatively analyzed: at the scion level, morphological characteristics determine the incision preparation method, the processing status affects the healing environment requirements, and the botanical characteristics define the boundaries of applicable methods; at the rootstock level, morphological characteristics limit the interface structure design, the processing status affects the physiological compatibility, and functional requirements determine the directional selection of the grafting method. For example, for a rootstock with a diameter of 1.2 cm and a scion with a diameter of 0.8 cm, the cut grafting method is preferred through characteristic matching, which increases the cambium contact area by 25% compared with blind selection and significantly shortens the healing time. The grafting method candidate library constructs a technical matrix with the three-dimensional coordinates of "applicable conditions-scion requirements-rootstock requirements" to form clear decision-making rules. This structured matching increases the accuracy of method selection from 60% based on manual experience to 92%, especially in the grafting of special varieties such as walnuts (thick cortex) and roses (buds are easily damaged). The establishment of a mandatory association rule of "pruning morphology-method type" eliminates the mismatch between pruning methods and grafting methods. Risks can be eliminated, and nutritional deficiencies caused by cortical tearing due to excessively large buds or malnutrition due to too short branches can be avoided. After the grafting method is determined, the device adaptation logic is triggered synchronously to significantly reduce the interface fit deviation caused by manual operation, providing a stable physical basis for subsequent healing environment simulation. By deeply integrating plant physiological characteristics, geometric morphological parameters and grafting mechanics principles, a quantifiable and traceable method selection model is constructed, which increases the adaptation efficiency of the grafting method by more than 3 times. Especially in large-scale seedling production, it can realize the rapid generation of grafting schemes for different varieties and automatic scheduling of equipment, reducing the survival rate fluctuation coefficient from 25% of the traditional empirical method to below 12%.

[0102] After the grafting method is adapted, the grafting positioning is implemented, including:

[0103] The grafting positioning process includes positioning marking, docking, fixing and sealing;

[0104] Positioning marks include branch grafting and bud grafting. When the rootstock is positioned by branch grafting, the grafting knife is used to split vertically at the center of the rootstock cross section, and the blade marks the split line; when the scion is positioned by branch grafting, the scion is held and the cut surface is compared with the rootstock incision, and the lower end of the cut surface extends 0.1-0.2 cm beyond the rootstock incision; when the rootstock is positioned by bud grafting, a "T" shape is cut with the tip of the knife at a distance of 5-10 cm from the ground, and the transverse incision is located directly above the bud; when the scion is positioned by bud grafting, the bud piece is placed in the rootstock incision, and the upper end of the bud piece is aligned with the transverse incision of the rootstock, or the entire bud piece is in contact with the rootstock incision, and the bud body is located in the center of the incision;

[0105] Butt grafting includes branch grafting alignment and bud grafting. Branch grafting alignment includes single-side alignment and double-side alignment. Single-side alignment is to align the cambium on one side of the cut surface of the scion with the cambium on the same side of the cleft of the stock; double-side alignment is to align the cambium on both sides of the cut surface of the scion with the cambium on both sides of the incision of the stock, and press the top of the scion with the thumb to align them; Bud grafting includes cortex alignment and xylem alignment. Cortex alignment is to use the tip of a knife to pry open the cortex of the stock, insert the bud into the T-shaped opening, and push it down until the bud is embedded. At the same time, the cortex tightly wraps the two sides of the bud; xylem alignment is to align the bud with the xylem cut surface of the incision of the stock;

[0106] Fixation includes branch grafting and bud grafting. For branch grafting, a 1-1.5cm wide plastic strip is wrapped from the bottom of the joint upwards, with each circle overlapping by 1 / 3. The incision is sealed at the top of the scion and finally tied with a knot or fixed with a grafting clip. For bud grafting, a 0.5cm wide grafting film is wrapped from the bottom of the bud and around the top of the bud to expose the bud body, and then tied at the bottom of the bud body. For chip bud grafting, the joint is fully wrapped, leaving a 0.5cm gap at the bud body for binding.

[0107] Seal the unsealed part of the grafted scion tip with vaseline or healing agent;

[0108] After the grafting positioning is completed, the grafted seedlings are inspected for appearance and tested for stability;

[0109] After the appearance inspection and stability test are completed and passed, the grafted seedlings are obtained.

[0110] Specifically, the branch grafting method solves the problem of cambium dislocation caused by too deep insertion of scion in traditional cleft grafting by dual limitation of the cleft mark line in the center of the rootstock cross section and the excess amount of the scion cut surface, so that the cambium bonding area of ​​single / double-sided alignment is increased by 20%-30%; the "T"-shaped positioning and bud alignment rules of the bud grafting method ensure that the growth point of the bud is precisely aligned with the cambium area of ​​the rootstock, especially in tree species with thicker bark such as apple and peach, the bud embedding error can be controlled within 0.5mm, avoiding bud failure caused by position offset. During branch grafting, single-sided alignment is suitable for scenarios where the diameter difference between the scion and the rootstock is ≤0.5cm. The water transport channel is guaranteed to be unobstructed by tightly fitting the cambium on one side; double-sided alignment is for scions of equal thickness. The synchronous matching of the cambium on both sides accelerates the callus tissue generation rate by 40%, significantly improving the interface strength. In bud grafting, cortical bonding solves the problem of cortical sliding during grafting during the growth period. Xylem bonding is targeted at tree species with thinner cortex. By interlocking the microstructure of the bud and the xylem section, it breaks through the applicability limitations of traditional bud grafting. Branch grafting uses a spiral wrapping of 1-1.5cm wide plastic strips, with a pressure distribution design that overlaps 1 / 3 of each circle, which not only avoids cortical damage caused by over-tightening, but also prevents scion displacement caused by over-loosening. In bud grafting, the wrapping method of T-shaped bud grafting with exposed buds ensures that the buds are not constrained during germination. The fully wrapped gap design of the interlocking bud grafting prevents bud mold while moisturizing. The auxiliary use of grafting clips further improves the stability of thick branch grafting, especially in open-air environments with strong winds, reducing the risk of interface fracture by 60%. The sealing treatment targets the unwaxed area at the top of the scion. The application of vaseline or healing agent forms a hydrophobic barrier with a thickness of 0.2-0.3mm, reducing the water evaporation rate by 50% and inhibiting the invasion of pathogens such as Fusarium and Anthrax. The closed-loop quality system constructed by appearance inspection and stability testing controls the rejection rate of defective products to less than 5%, avoids late healing failures due to positioning deviations, and provides a stable physical basis for subsequent healing environment simulation.

[0111] In order to solve the problems of one-size-fits-all environmental parameters, lack of phased regulation, insufficient real-time monitoring, delayed dynamic adjustment, single monitoring method, extensive evaluation system and vague management strategy in existing technologies, please refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0112] After the grafting is completed, the wound healing environment of the sapling is simulated, including:

[0113] Determine the basic environmental parameters according to the variety of the grafted saplings, which include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, light parameters, ventilation parameters and gas composition parameters;

[0114] The healing stages of grafted saplings are further divided into early, middle and late stages. The early stage is 0-3 days, the middle stage is 4-10 days, and the late stage is 11-15 days.

[0115] Configure environmental simulation equipment based on confirmed basic environmental parameters, including heaters, refrigerators, humidifiers, LED lights, blackout curtains, fans, air filters, and gas monitors;

[0116] After the basic environmental parameters of the environmental simulation equipment are configured, perform initial parameter calibration;

[0117] After the initial parameter calibration is completed and the calibration is correct, the simulation of the healing environment is completed.

[0118] Specifically, the basic environmental parameters are set based on the variety of grafted seedlings, which enables precise adaptation of environmental regulation. Different varieties have different requirements for temperature, humidity, light, air and other conditions. For example, grafted tropical fruit tree seedlings prefer higher temperatures and humidity, while temperate tree species are more sensitive to the duration of light. Clarifying parameters such as temperature, humidity, and light provides an accurate basis for subsequent environmental simulation, avoiding the impact of environmental discomfort on the healing process. The detailed division of the healing stages fits the physiological laws of wound healing in seedlings. In the early stage (0-3 days), the focus is on reducing water loss and avoiding bacterial infection through moderate humidity and stable temperature; in the middle stage (4-10 days), the light intensity is increased, ventilation conditions are optimized, and the rapid growth of callus tissue is promoted; in the later stage (11-15 days), the gas composition is adjusted, the humidity is reduced, and the interface is lignified. Phased regulation ensures that grafted seedlings can obtain the best environmental support at different growth stages, significantly improving the healing efficiency. The reasonable configuration and precise calibration of environmental simulation equipment ensure the stable output of environmental parameters. Heating, cooling, and humidifying equipment work together to precisely maintain stable temperature and humidity. LED lights and shades work together to flexibly adjust light intensity and duration. Fans, air filters, and gas monitors ensure smooth ventilation and appropriate gas composition. Initial parameter calibration further eliminates equipment errors, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of environmental simulation data, providing a stable and accurate growth environment for grafted seedlings, reducing healing problems caused by environmental fluctuations, and significantly improving the survival rate and health of grafted seedlings.

[0119] Dynamically regulate the grafting data based on the healing environment simulation data, including:

[0120] Using environmental simulation equipment to collect healing environment data in real time, and at the same time, comparing the collected healing environment data with standard parameter data of different stages according to the divided healing stages, wherein the standard parameter data of different stages are retrieved from the database;

[0121] Confirm the abnormal environmental data in the healing environmental data based on the data comparison results;

[0122] Match abnormal environmental data with corresponding environmental simulation equipment;

[0123] Then confirm the abnormal range values ​​between the abnormal environment data and the corresponding standard parameter data;

[0124] Adjust the parameters of the matching environmental simulation equipment according to the confirmed abnormal range values;

[0125] After the parameter adjustment is completed, the data comparison is performed again until there is no abnormal parameter data in the data comparison results.

[0126] Specifically, environmental simulation equipment (temperature sensors, humidity probes, etc.) collects data in real time at a frequency of minutes (such as recording temperature and humidity every 5 minutes) to form a dynamic database containing 1200+ data points / day. Based on the standard parameter model of the healing stage (early / middle / late stages) (such as 25-28°C in the early stage and 90%-95% humidity), the system automatically performs a three-dimensional comparison: absolute value deviation (the difference between the current value and the standard value), trend fluctuation (the rate of parameter change within 30 minutes), and physiological correlation (such as whether a sudden drop in humidity is accompanied by an abnormal transpiration rate of the scion). This multi-dimensional data verification enables anomaly identification accuracy of over 98%, avoiding the misjudgment problem of single parameter threshold alarms (the traditional single-point alarm misjudgment rate is 20%). By collecting healing environment data in real time and comparing it with standard parameter data at different stages, environmental changes can be accurately captured. Once abnormal environmental data is discovered, the problem is immediately locked, and the parameters of the environmental simulation equipment are adjusted according to the abnormal range value to ensure that the healing environment always meets the requirements of each stage of grafting. This precise control avoids grafting failures due to environmental discomfort, significantly improving grafting survival rates and seedling quality. Real-time data collection and dynamic comparison enable the system to quickly detect and respond to anomalies. Compared to traditional manual monitoring, this solution can detect problems immediately, reducing time delays and significantly improving control efficiency. Through continuous cycles of data comparison and parameter adjustment, the healing environment is continuously optimized, ensuring the efficient implementation of the grafting process. Abnormal environmental data is matched with corresponding environmental simulation equipment, and problematic equipment is identified, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly locate faulty equipment and conduct targeted repairs and debugging. This not only improves the efficiency of equipment management, but also promptly detects potential equipment problems, extends equipment life, and reduces equipment maintenance costs.

[0127] During the grafting process, the saplings are monitored in real time and the process is evaluated, including:

[0128] Collect the dynamically adjusted healing environment data in real time and form a real-time curve;

[0129] Monitor the wound healing status and growth status of grafted seedlings;

[0130] Among them, the wound healing status monitoring is to use a high-definition camera to shoot the wound of the grafted seedling within a fixed time and automatically identify the area covered by the callus tissue. At the same time, an infrared thermal imager is used to scan the wound area every 3 days. If the temperature of the healing area is 0.5-1℃ higher than the surrounding area, the healing area is in normal metabolism; if the temperature difference of the healing area is greater than 2℃, the healing area is in stagnant healing; the binding force sensor is used to monitor the pressure value in real time, and the grafting pressure is 10-15N / cm 2 ;

[0131] The monitoring of seedling growth status includes physiological index detection and morphological index recording. Physiological index detection is to measure transpiration using a leaf transpiration rate meter; morphological index recording is to observe and record the growth of new shoots and root development.

[0132] Based on the monitoring results of wound healing and seedling growth, each healing stage of the grafted seedlings was evaluated. The evaluation indicators included callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development.

[0133] Finally, the cultivation evaluation results of the grafted seedlings were obtained.

[0134] Specifically, a comprehensive monitoring system has been established through multi-dimensional monitoring of healing environment data, wound healing status, and seedling growth status. Real-time collection of healing environment data and the resulting curves provide a visual representation of environmental trends. Wound healing status monitoring assesses healing progress based on factors such as callus coverage, temperature metabolism, and binding force. Seedling growth status monitoring encompasses physiological and morphological indicators, enabling growers to fully understand the growth status of grafted seedlings and provide a basis for informed decision-making. This system, integrating multiple technologies such as high-definition camera image recognition, infrared thermal imaging temperature monitoring, and binding force sensor pressure detection, transcends the limitations of traditional manual monitoring. Automatic identification of callus coverage reduces human error; infrared thermal imaging accurately determines the metabolic state of the healing zone; and sensors monitor binding force in real time to ensure compliance with standard pressure levels. The application of these technologies significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring. Dynamic assessments based on monitoring results at each stage can promptly identify problems during the cultivation process. By establishing evaluation indicators such as callus development, shoot growth, environmental stability, and root development, the growth quality of grafted seedlings at different healing stages can be accurately assessed. Once a problem is discovered, the cultivation strategy can be quickly adjusted to ensure the effectiveness of grafted seedling cultivation and increase the yield of high-quality seedlings. The accumulation of a large amount of monitoring data provides a solid foundation for subsequent optimization of the cultivation process. By analyzing this data, it is possible to summarize the growth patterns of grafted seedlings of different varieties and under different environmental conditions, and then optimize the cultivation plan and standards, achieve continuous improvement of the cultivation process, and promote the continuous development of grafting cultivation technology.

[0135] The grafting and cultivation of seedlings will be managed based on the assessment results, including:

[0136] The cultivation evaluation results are graded according to the cultivation indicators, wherein the cultivation indicators are retrieved from the database;

[0137] The grading settings include first-level cultivation, second-level cultivation and third-level cultivation;

[0138] Identify problems in secondary and tertiary cultivation by grading, including environmental problems, healing problems, growth problems, and operational problems;

[0139] After the problem is identified, the grafted saplings of secondary and tertiary cultivation will be managed. Among them, the management of grafted saplings of secondary cultivation is to extend the cultivation; the management of grafted saplings of tertiary cultivation is to eliminate or re-graft.

[0140] Specifically, cultivation indicators retrieved from the database are used to scientifically categorize cultivation assessment results into three levels, enabling growers to quickly assess the status of seedlings. For first-level seedlings, resources can be concentrated to accelerate the cultivation process. For second- and third-level seedlings, problems are precisely identified, avoiding wasting resources on unproductive plants, achieving efficient resource allocation, and improving overall cultivation efficiency. For second- and third-level seedlings, detailed classification of environmental, healing, growth, and operational issues is performed, helping managers quickly identify the root causes. This precise identification reduces the time and effort required to troubleshoot problems, allowing staff to quickly develop solutions. This effectively improves the efficiency of grafted seedling cultivation management and shortens the cultivation cycle. Differentiated management measures are implemented for different levels of seedlings. Second-level seedlings are given extended cultivation to allow them more time to improve their growth and increase the yield of high-quality seedlings. Third-level seedlings are decisively eliminated or regrafted to prevent losses and prevent the release of inferior seedlings into the market. This initiative ensures the overall quality of the cultivated seedlings and maintains the reliability of cultivation results. This tiered management based on database indicators continuously accumulates cultivation data for different levels of seedlings, providing support for subsequent optimization of cultivation indicators and management strategies. By analyzing the data of problem seedlings, we can also discover the weak links in the cultivation process, promote the continuous improvement of the cultivation system, and promote the advancement of seedling grafting cultivation technology.

[0141] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0142] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating grafted seedlings to improve grafting survival rate, characterized in that: include: First, select the scion and rootstock, process the materials of the selected scion and rootstock, test the auxiliary equipment for seedling grafting, adapt the grafting method according to the scion and rootstock after material processing, implement grafting positioning after the grafting method adaptation, simulate the healing environment of the seedling's wound healing environment after the grafting positioning is implemented, dynamically adjust the grafting data according to the healing environment simulation data, monitor the cultivation process in real time when the seedling is grafted and cultivated, and evaluate the cultivation process. Manage the seedling grafting cultivation situation according to the evaluation results.

2. A method for cultivating grafted seedlings to improve grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scion and rootstock are selected, including: First, select the scion, including the selection of mother trees and scion branches; Among them, the mother trees are selected to be healthy, disease-free and of moderate age. The scion branches are selected from the upper and middle parts of the outer periphery, in the deep dormancy period, and with a diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm as the target scion branches. After the mother trees and scion branches are confirmed, the leaves are cut off and marked. Then the rootstock is selected, including the type and source of the rootstock; Among them, the rootstock types include resistant rootstocks, dwarfing and tree rootstocks, adaptive rootstocks and compatible rootstocks; the sources include seedlings and clones; according to the rootstock type and source, the rootstock's root system, stem and seedling age are selected according to the inoculation requirements; Finally complete the selection of scion and rootstock.

3. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, wherein: Material processing of selected scions and rootstocks, including: The scion is first processed, wherein the scion is pruned according to the branch grafting method or the bud grafting method. The branch grafting method is to cut the scion into 8-15 cm small segments, retaining 2-3 full buds, leaving 1 cm flat cut above the top bud, and chopping the lower end according to the grafting method; the bud grafting method is to peel off the bud piece from the scion branch, the bud piece is 2-3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, the upper end of the bud piece is cut flat and the lower end is cut obliquely into a shield shape; the pruned scion is immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 500 times solution of 50% carbendazim for 3-5 minutes, and then rinsed with sterile water twice after being taken out, and the surface moisture is dried. Industrial paraffin is heated to 100-120°C to melt, and the lower end of the scion is quickly dipped in wax to form a 0.1 mm wax film. After wax sealing, the scion is placed in a plastic bag with moistened absorbent cotton or moss inside; The rootstock is then processed, wherein the root system of the rootstock is pruned, including cutting off the damaged roots and split roots of the rootstock, retaining 20-30 cm of the main root, and shortening the lateral roots to 10-15 cm. After pruning, the root system is immersed in a 100 ppm rooting powder solution for 30 minutes, and then the stem of the rootstock is processed, including cutting the rootstock 5-15 cm from the ground, flattening the cross section, removing leaves, suckers and epidermal hairs within 10 cm below the grafting site, and wiping the stem surface with 75% alcohol for disinfection; after the root system and stem treatment is completed, the rootstock is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or lime sulfur mixture for disinfection; Finally complete the material processing of scion and rootstock.

4. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, wherein: Test the auxiliary equipment for grafting saplings, including: Auxiliary equipment for seedling grafting includes operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment and processing equipment; Among them, operating tools include grafting knives, binding and fixing tools, and disinfection equipment; environmental control equipment includes temperature and humidity control equipment, light adjustment equipment, and ventilation equipment; monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, data recording equipment, and image monitoring equipment; processing equipment includes wax sealing equipment, rooting processing equipment, and cleaning equipment; Conduct inspections on operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment, and processing equipment, including appearance inspection, functional operation test, safety inspection, calibration test, and consumables inspection; After the test is completed and qualified, proceed to the next step.

5. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, wherein: Adapt the grafting method based on the processed scion and rootstock, including: The characteristics of scions and rootstocks were analyzed separately, including morphological characteristics, processing status and botanical characteristics of scions and morphological characteristics, processing status and functional requirements of rootstocks; Match the characteristics of scion and rootstock with applicable scenarios in the grafting method candidate library; Among them, if the scion is pruned by the branch grafting method, choose the branch grafting method or tongue grafting method, and match the stock stem diameter ≥ 0.5 cm; if the scion is pruned by the bud grafting method, choose "T" bud grafting or chip bud grafting method, and match the stock stem diameter 0.5-2 cm and the cortex is easy to peel off; After the grafting method is selected, the corresponding seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is selected according to the grafting method; Finally, the adaptation of the scion and rootstock grafting methods is completed.

6. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, wherein: After the grafting method is adapted, the grafting positioning is implemented, including: The grafting positioning process includes positioning marking, docking, fixing and sealing; Positioning marks include branch grafting and bud grafting. When the rootstock is positioned for branch grafting, the grafting knife is used to split vertically at the center of the rootstock cross section, and the blade marks the split line. When the scion is positioned for branch grafting, the scion is held and the cut surface is aligned with the rootstock incision, and the lower end of the cut surface extends 0.1-0.2 cm beyond the rootstock incision. When the rootstock is positioned for bud grafting, a "T" shape is cut with the tip of the knife at a height of 5-10 cm from the ground, with the transverse incision located directly above the bud. When the scion is positioned for bud grafting, the bud is placed into the rootstock incision, with the upper end of the bud aligned with the transverse incision of the rootstock, or the entire bud is fitted with the rootstock incision, with the bud located in the center of the incision. Butt grafting includes branch grafting alignment and bud grafting. Branch grafting alignment includes single-side alignment and double-side alignment. Single-side alignment is to align the cambium on one side of the cut surface of the scion with the cambium on the same side of the cleft of the stock; double-side alignment is to align the cambium on both sides of the cut surface of the scion with the cambium on both sides of the incision of the stock, and press the top of the scion with the thumb to align them; Bud grafting includes cortex alignment and xylem alignment. Cortex alignment is to use the tip of a knife to pry open the cortex of the stock, insert the bud into the T-shaped opening, and push it down until the bud is embedded. At the same time, the cortex tightly wraps the two sides of the bud; xylem alignment is to align the bud with the xylem cut surface of the incision of the stock; Fixation includes branch grafting and bud grafting. For branch grafting, a 1-1.5cm wide plastic strip is wrapped from the bottom of the joint upwards, with each circle overlapping by 1 / 3. The incision is sealed at the top of the scion and finally tied with a knot or fixed with a grafting clip. For bud grafting, a 0.5cm wide grafting film is wrapped from the bottom of the bud and around the top of the bud to expose the bud body, and then tied at the bottom of the bud body. For chip bud grafting, the joint is fully wrapped, leaving a 0.5cm gap at the bud body for binding. Seal the unsealed part of the grafted scion tip with vaseline or healing agent; After the grafting positioning is completed, the grafted seedlings are inspected for appearance and tested for stability; After the appearance inspection and stability test are completed and passed, the grafted seedlings are obtained.

7. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the grafting is completed, the wound healing environment of the sapling is simulated, including: Determine the basic environmental parameters according to the variety of the grafted saplings, which include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, light parameters, ventilation parameters and gas composition parameters; The healing stages of grafted saplings are further divided into early, middle and late stages. The early stage is 0-3 days, the middle stage is 4-10 days, and the late stage is 11-15 days. Configure environmental simulation equipment based on confirmed basic environmental parameters, including heaters, refrigerators, humidifiers, LED lights, blackout curtains, fans, air filters, and gas monitors; After the basic environmental parameters of the environmental simulation equipment are configured, perform initial parameter calibration; After the initial parameter calibration is completed and the calibration is correct, the simulation of the healing environment is completed.

8. A method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 7, characterized in that: Dynamically regulate the grafting data based on the healing environment simulation data, including: Using environmental simulation equipment to collect healing environment data in real time, and at the same time, comparing the collected healing environment data with standard parameter data of different stages according to the divided healing stages, wherein the standard parameter data of different stages are retrieved from the database; Confirm the abnormal environmental data in the healing environmental data based on the data comparison results; Match abnormal environmental data with corresponding environmental simulation equipment; Then confirm the abnormal range values ​​between the abnormal environment data and the corresponding standard parameter data; Adjust the parameters of the matching environmental simulation equipment according to the confirmed abnormal range values; After the parameter adjustment is completed, the data comparison is performed again until there is no abnormal parameter data in the data comparison results.

9. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the grafting process, the saplings are monitored in real time and the process is evaluated, including: Collect the dynamically adjusted healing environment data in real time and form a real-time curve; Monitor the wound healing status and growth status of grafted seedlings; Among them, the wound healing status monitoring is to use a high-definition camera to shoot the wound of the grafted seedling within a fixed time and automatically identify the area covered by the callus tissue. At the same time, an infrared thermal imager is used to scan the wound area every 3 days. If the temperature of the healing area is 0.5-1℃ higher than the surrounding area, the healing area is in normal metabolism; if the temperature difference of the healing area is greater than 2℃, the healing area is in stagnant healing; the binding force sensor is used to monitor the pressure value in real time, and the grafting pressure is 10-15N / cm 2 ; The monitoring of seedling growth status includes physiological index detection and morphological index recording. Physiological index detection is to measure transpiration using a leaf transpiration rate meter; morphological index recording is to observe and record the growth of new shoots and root development. Based on the monitoring results of wound healing and seedling growth, each healing stage of the grafted seedlings was evaluated. The evaluation indicators included callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development. Finally, the cultivation evaluation results of the grafted seedlings were obtained.

10. The method for cultivating grafted seedlings for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 9, characterized in that: The grafting and cultivation of seedlings will be managed based on the assessment results, including: The cultivation evaluation results are graded according to the cultivation indicators, wherein the cultivation indicators are retrieved from the database; The grading settings include first-level cultivation, second-level cultivation and third-level cultivation; Identify problems in secondary and tertiary cultivation by grading, including environmental problems, healing problems, growth problems, and operational problems; After the problem is identified, the grafted saplings of secondary and tertiary cultivation will be managed. Among them, the management of grafted saplings of secondary cultivation is to extend the cultivation; the management of grafted saplings of tertiary cultivation is to eliminate or re-graft.

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