Tibia osteotomy auxiliary guider based on unicompartmental knee arthroplasty

Abstract

The tibia osteotomy auxiliary guider comprises a fixing part and a guide rod, the fixing part is detachably fastened to an ankle joint, the guide rod is detachably assembled on the fixing part, a guide plate is assembled at one end of the guide rod, and a retracting device is arranged on one side of the guide plate and used for retracting tissues around a femur and abutting against the far end of the femur. A sinking platform is arranged on the surface of the guide plate, a guide strip is arranged on the sinking platform and slidably assembled on the sinking platform in the left-right direction, the side wall of the guide strip is used for guiding a saw blade to conduct longitudinal osteotomy on the tibial plateau, the same side of the guide strip and the guide plate extends into the incision, and the guide strip and the guide plate are away from each other to retract the incision. And meanwhile, a guide groove capable of limiting a horizontal osteotomy range is formed. Through the arrangement of the guide strip, the device can guide longitudinal osteotomy according to operation requirements, meanwhile, the movement range of horizontal osteotomy is limited, meanwhile, an incision is retracted, more operation visual fields are obtained, the operation difficulty is reduced, and the operation precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices, and in particular to a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement. Background Art

[0002] Unicompartmental knee replacement is a minimally invasive surgery that only replaces the surface of the medial or lateral compartment of the knee joint. The main purpose is to replace the damaged cartilage surface of the tibia and femur of the knee joint and preserve the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments of the knee joint. The surgical steps for tibial osteotomy include: anesthesia, incision exposure and osteophyte treatment, proximal tibial osteotomy, flexion-extension gap test, distal femoral osteotomy, femoral measurement and three-in-one osteotomy, flexion-extension gap re-test, tibial preparation, bone cement fixation of the prosthesis and final spacer implantation and incision suturing; Among them, in preparation for tibial osteotomy, it is necessary to electrocauterize to mark the medial range of the vertical tibial osteotomy. It needs to start from the outside of the posterior cruciate ligament attachment point and extend forward, pass through the outside of the tibial spinous process, and finally mark forward along the edge of the anterior cruciate ligament attachment point to form a longitudinal marking line to set the internal and external rotation of the tibial prosthesis cross section and the width of the osteotomy. At the same time, electrocauterize to mark the horizontal tibial osteotomy site, 2-3 mm below the lowest point of wear in the center of the tibial plateau. This transverse marking line sets the internal and external rotation of the coronal surface of the tibial prosthesis and the thickness of the osteotomy.

[0003] The related technology involves an auxiliary positioning device for the longitudinal tibial osteotomy position, which uses a positioning rod and a femoral drilling guide auxiliary device to determine the drilling position on the femur for femoral prosthesis installation, prepares the fixing hole under the guidance, removes the posterior femoral condyle and removes the meniscus, and after the initial shaping of the bone surface, selects and installs a femoral trial mold with appropriate thickness of the distal condyle, repeatedly flexes and extends the knee joint, and uses the femoral trial mold to determine the position of the longitudinal tibial osteotomy.

[0004] In the above-mentioned existing related technologies, a femoral trial mold is used to determine the position of the longitudinal tibial osteotomy. However, in actual operation, even if the longitudinal marking line of the tibial osteotomy can be determined by the femoral trial mold, a guide plate is still required to assist the medical saw in performing osteotomy along the longitudinal marking line and the transverse marking line. Due to the different positions of the longitudinal marking lines, the position of the longitudinal osteotomy of the saw blade needs to be adjusted according to the position of the marking lines. After the longitudinal osteotomy, a handheld medical saw is required to perform horizontal osteotomy along the surface of the guide plate, which is easy to damage the tissues around the incision. Therefore, the doctor's skills are required to be high, and the osteotomy accuracy is not ideal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement, which can solve the problems of excessively high skill requirements and unsatisfactory osteotomy accuracy during tibial osteotomy surgery.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement, comprising: a fixing portion, the fixing portion being detachably fastened to the ankle joint; A guide rod, the guide rod is detachably assembled on the fixed part, one end of the guide rod is equipped with a guide plate, the surface of the guide plate is provided with a sinking platform, the surface of the sinking platform is used to guide the saw blade to perform horizontal osteotomy on the tibial plateau, a guide strip is provided on the sinking platform, and is slidably assembled on the sinking platform along the left and right directions, the side wall of the guide strip is used to guide the saw blade to perform longitudinal osteotomy on the tibial plateau, the guide strip and the guide plate are extended into the incision on the same side, the guide strip and the guide plate are separated from each other to pull the incision apart, and at the same time form a guide groove that can limit the range of horizontal osteotomy.

[0007] By adopting the above scheme, by arranging a sliding guide strip on the guide plate and arranging a sinking platform on the guide plate, when performing single ankle osteotomy on the tibial plateau, by adjusting the relative position of the sinking platform of the guide plate and the tibial plateau in vertical height, the surface of the sinking platform is flush with the transverse marking line, and the device can perform horizontal osteotomy along the surface of the sinking platform, quickly and accurately determine the thickness of the osteotomy, and at the same time adjust the position of the guide strip on the sinking platform so that the side wall of the guide strip close to the side wall of the sinking platform is aligned with the longitudinal marking line, and the medical saw blade can stick to the guide strip. The side wall of the guide bar is used to perform longitudinal osteotomy on the tibia, which reduces the difficulty of the longitudinal osteotomy operation. At the same time, when adjusting the movement of the guide bar, the guide bar can cooperate with the guide plate to pull the incision to the left and right sides, so that when the device is used for guided osteotomy, more surgical fields can be obtained. The distance between the side wall of the guide bar and the side wall of the sinking platform is adjusted so that the distance between the two is the same as the width of the unimalleolar tibial osteotomy. It can also enable the saw blade to move within the specified range when using the device for horizontal osteotomy, avoiding damage to the surrounding tissues of the knee joint incision and reducing the difficulty of the operation.

[0008] A first protrusion is provided on one side of the guide plate, and the first protrusion protrudes in a direction away from the sinking platform. A second protrusion is provided at one end of the guide strip, and the second protrusion protrudes in a direction away from the first protrusion. The first protrusion and the second protrusion are both provided with an arc-shaped depression on the side away from each other.

[0009] By adopting the above solution, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are respectively provided on the same side of the guide plate and the guide strip, so that the guide plate can not only play a guiding and limiting role during osteotomy, but also, when the tibial plateau is electrocauterized and marked, by adjusting the position of the guide strip on the guide plate, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are used to retract the tissues on both sides of the incision, thereby providing a good surgical field of view and facilitating the marking of the tibial plateau.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present application, the guide rod includes a vertical section and a bent section, the bent section and the guide rod are at an angle to each other, one end of the bent section is fixedly assembled on one end of the vertical section, and the other end is connected and fixed to one side of the bottom of the guide plate, and the other end of the vertical section is detachably assembled on the fixed portion.

[0011] By adopting the above solution, the guide rod is set to a vertical section and a bent section. When the guide rod is assembled on the fixed part, the vertical section of the guide rod can be parallel to the distal end of the tibia. At the same time, the bent section at an angle to the vertical section can facilitate the guide plate to be flush with the horizontal marking line of the tibial malleolus.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, a slide groove extending in the left and right directions is provided on the sinking platform, a slider is slidably installed inside the slide groove, the upper end of the slider is fixedly connected to the guide bar, the guide bar extends in the front and rear directions, an adjustment screw extending along the length direction of the slide groove is provided inside the slide groove, the adjustment screw is threadedly connected to the inside of the slide groove, one end of the adjustment screw passes through the slider and cooperates with the slider thread.

[0013] By adopting the above scheme, by rotating the adjusting screw, the adjusting screw is adjusted to slide the guide bar in the left and right directions on the sinking platform due to the thread cooperation between the adjusting screw and the slider, so that the device can adaptively adjust the longitudinal marking lines at different positions according to the actual surgical situation. When the device is used to cut and osteotomize along the longitudinal marking line, the saw blade can cut on the tibia along the side wall of the guide bar, reducing the difficulty of osteotomy of the tibia.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the fixing portion includes: A hoop plate, with tightening belts provided on both sides of the hoop plate and fastened to the ankle joint by the tightening belts; A guide post, the guide post being arranged on one side of the hoop plate and being assembled on the hoop plate through a telescopic member, a fastening screw being arranged in the front-to-back direction inside one end of the guide post, one end of the fastening screw passing through the guide post and being rotatably assembled on one side surface of the hoop plate; A cylindrical cavity is coaxially opened at the other end of the guide column, and the other end of the bending section is arranged in the cylindrical cavity and fastened by a height adjustment bolt.

[0015] By adopting the above solution, during the osteotomy preparation process, the clamping plate is fastened to the ankle using a tightening belt, and the guide column is made parallel to the anterior edge of the tibia. At the same time, according to the surgical requirements, the fastening screw is rotated, and the force between the threads of the fastening screw and the guide column is used to enable the guide column to move closer to or away from the clamping plate in a linear manner as the fastening screw rotates, thereby adjusting the distance between the guide rod and the skin edge.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the telescopic members are provided in at least two groups and are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the height adjustment bolt, and the telescopic members include: A first telescopic section, wherein a telescopic cavity extending along the length of the first telescopic section is provided therein, and one end of the first telescopic section is assembled to a side surface of the hoop plate; A second telescopic section, one end of which is slidably assembled inside the telescopic cavity, and the other end of which extends to the outside of the telescopic cavity and is connected and fixed to the guide column.

[0017] By adopting the above scheme, at least two groups of telescopic parts are set up, and at least two groups of telescopic parts are used to form an interlocking structure to prevent the guide column from rotating with the fastening screw. At the same time, when the fastening screw rotates, the first telescopic section and the second telescopic section slide against each other, thereby guiding the guide column to move horizontally.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, a distraction device is provided on one side of the guide plate for distracting the tissue around the femur and supporting the distal end of the femur. The distraction device includes: A bracket extending in the up-down direction, a rectangular channel extending in the vertical direction is opened on one side of the guide plate, one end of the bracket extends into the interior of the rectangular through-hole, and a bracket tooth groove is opened on one side, the guide plate is rotatably connected to an adjustment gear through a damping shaft at one side of the rectangular through-hole, the adjustment gear and the bracket tooth groove are engaged with each other, a supporting tube is provided inside the slide groove, one end of the supporting tube is coaxially connected to one end of the adjusting screw, and the other end is against the surface of the bracket tooth groove, and a cross bar extending in the left-right direction is provided on one side of the upper end of the bracket; The retractor is sleeved on the crossbar and fastened by an angle fixing bolt. The retractor is configured to slide along the length direction of the crossbar and coaxially rotate on the crossbar.

[0019] By adopting the above scheme, by setting a distractor, after the incision is prepared, the length direction position of the distractor on the cross bar is adjusted so that it can be aligned with the distal end of the femur, and by adjusting the rotation angle of the distractor on the cross bar, the distractor can pull the surrounding tissue at the upper end of the incision to obtain a better surgical field of view. In addition, by turning the adjustment gear, the height distance between the entire bracket and the guide plate can be adjusted, so that the distractor can support the femur at the same time, avoiding femoral fracture or dislocation, and also improving the safety and stability of tibial osteotomy surgery.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the retractor comprises: a sleeve, the sleeve being coaxially sleeved on the crossbar, and the sleeve having an arc-shaped channel having a partially circular shape provided therein; An arc-shaped retraction plate having a partially circular shape, the arc-shaped retraction plate is arranged inside the arc-shaped channel, one end of which extends to the outside of the arc-shaped channel, the surface of the cross bar is inscribed in the circle where the arc-shaped retraction plate is located, the thickness d of the arc-shaped retraction plate and the width h of the arc-shaped channel satisfy: d≤h, one end of the angle fixing bolt is threadedly connected to the outside of the sleeve along the radial direction of the cross bar and presses against the arc-shaped retraction plate, and the curvature a of the arc-shaped retraction plate satisfies: 90°≤a≤180°.

[0021] By adopting the above scheme, when the distraction piece is used to pull the tissue at the upper end of the incision and support the femur, the angle fixing bolt is rotated to loosen one end of the angle fixing bolt, and the arc-shaped distraction plate is no longer against the outer wall of the cross bar and the sleeve, so that the entire sleeve can drive the arc-shaped distraction plate to rotate circumferentially on the cross bar, and can also adjust its position on the cross bar. At the same time, since the arc-shaped distraction plate is loosened, the length of one end of the arc-shaped distraction plate extending outside the arc-shaped channel can be adjusted according to actual conditions. It is only necessary to adjust the tightness of the angle fixing bolt when the thread is connected to the outside of the sleeve to conveniently adjust the angle, horizontal position and length of the arc-shaped distraction plate extending out of the arc-shaped channel, thereby reducing the difficulty of preparation before osteotomy and reducing the risks and disadvantages of manually using multiple distractors to distract the incision.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present application, a strip positioning groove is provided on the inner wall of the guide column on the side away from the telescopic member, and the strip positioning groove extends along the length direction of the columnar cavity. A positioning strip configured to slide in the strip positioning groove is provided on the outside of the guide rod.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, by setting the positioning groove and the positioning strip, when the guide rod is inserted into the guide rod, the positioning effect of the positioning strip and the positioning groove is utilized to ensure that the bending section can drive the guide plate to face the tibial platform, preparing for subsequent tibial osteotomy.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, a first scale segment extending in the left-right direction is provided on the side wall of one side of the guide plate, and a second scale segment extending in the length direction of the vertical segment surface is provided.

[0025] By adopting the above scheme, by setting the first scale segment and the second scale segment respectively on the guide plate and the vertical segment, when electrocautery is performed for longitudinal marking and horizontal marking, the longitudinal marking line and the horizontal marking line are observed to correspond to the scales on the first scale segment and the second scale segment respectively, which facilitates subsequent osteotomy of the tibia and measurement of the tibial prosthesis, thereby improving surgical accuracy.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By setting a sinking platform and a guide bar, the side wall of the guide bar is used to guide the saw blade along the longitudinal marking line to perform longitudinal osteotomy on the tibial condyle, and the surface of the sinking platform is used to guide the saw blade along the horizontal marking line to perform horizontal osteotomy. At the same time, when sliding and adjusting the position of the guide bar, the side wall of the sinking platform and the side wall of the guide bar can be used to limit the range of motion of the saw blade during horizontal osteotomy, so that when performing horizontal osteotomy, the saw blade can only move horizontally within the internal range of the guide groove to avoid damaging the tissue around the incision. At the same time, the two sides of the incision can be retracted, avoiding the need for additional interventional retractors to retract the two sides of the incision, further reducing the difficulty of the operation.

[0027] 2. By setting up a retraction device and an arc-shaped retraction plate, the arc-shaped retraction plate can be used to expand the tissue above the incision according to the needs of the operation to provide a good surgical field of view. At the same time, the arc-shaped retraction plate and the sleeve can be loosened by adjusting the angle fixing bolt, so as to facilitate the adjustment and fixation of the extended length and angle of the arc-shaped retraction plate, the angle of the sleeve on the cross bar, and the position of the sleeve on the cross bar. The arc-shaped retraction plate can not only expand the incision, but also support the distal end of the femur. By adjusting the angle, a wider surgical field of view can be obtained, avoiding the trouble of using multiple retractors to pull the tissue around the incision during conventional tibial osteotomy.

[0028] 3. By providing a detachable guide rod and fixing part, when different tibia lengths need to be dealt with, the device can be conveniently fixed to the patient's tibia through the detachable fixing part, and by adjusting the length of the guide rod on the fixing part, the guide plate in the device can be aligned with the tibial plateau, so as to perform horizontal osteotomy on the proximal tibial plateau, thereby improving the osteotomy accuracy. At the same time, it can also be used with a bracket with an adjustable distance between it and the guide plate to achieve high-precision distraction and support for the incision and femur, reducing the risk and difficulty of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 11 is a front view of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement provided in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a front view of a guide plate of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement provided by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 1 is a front cross-sectional view of an arcuate channel of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement provided in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a curved distraction plate of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement provided in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 This is a front view of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide sleeve based on unicompartmental knee replacement provided by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 1 is a top cross-sectional view of a guide plate of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement provided in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a front view of a hoop plate of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement provided by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 1 is a front cross-sectional view of a telescopic member of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement provided by the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 1 is a top cross-sectional view of a strip-shaped positioning groove of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement provided in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 This is a front view of the first scale segment of a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement provided in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. fixing portion; 11. hoop plate; 12. tightening belt; 13. guide column; 131. columnar cavity; 132. strip positioning groove; 14. telescopic member; 141. first telescopic section; 1411. telescopic cavity; 142. second telescopic section; 15. fastening screw; 2. guide rod; 21. vertical section; 22. bending section; 23. positioning strip; 24. second scale section; 3. guide plate; 31. sinking platform; 310. guide groove; 311. slide groove; 31 2. Slider; 313. Adjusting screw; 314. Abutment tube; 32. Guide strip; 321. Second raised portion; 33. First raised portion; 34. Arc-shaped recess; 35. First scale segment; 4. Retraction device; 41. Bracket; 411. Bracket tooth groove; 412. Adjusting gear; 42. Cross bar; 43. Retraction member; 431. Sleeve; 432. Arc-shaped channel; 433. Arc-shaped retraction plate; 44. Angle fixing bolt; 5. Tibial plateau; 6. Distal femur; 7. Saw blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1-10 The present application provides a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement, which is described in further detail.

[0032] An embodiment of the present application provides a tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement, comprising: a fixing portion 1 and a guide rod 2.

[0033] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fixing part 1 is detachably fastened to the ankle joint, and the guide rod 2 is detachably assembled on the fixing part 1. A guide plate 3 is assembled at one end of the guide rod 2. A sinking platform 31 is provided on the surface of the guide plate 3. The surface of the sinking platform 31 is used to guide the saw blade to perform horizontal osteotomy on the tibial plateau. A guide bar 32 is provided on the sinking platform 31 and is slidably assembled on the sinking platform 31 along the left and right directions. The side wall of the guide bar 32 is used to guide the saw blade to perform longitudinal osteotomy on the tibial plateau. The guide bar 32 and the guide plate 3 are extended into the incision on the same side. The guide bar 32 and the guide plate 3 are separated from each other to pull the incision apart, and at the same time form a guide that can limit the range of horizontal osteotomy. The groove 310 is provided with a guide bar 32 that can slide on the sinking platform 31, so that when the proximal tibia is osteotomized using a medical saw, both longitudinal osteotomy and horizontal osteotomy can provide a guiding saw blade 7. At the same time, the guide groove 310 formed between the sinking platform 31 and the guide bar 32 allows the device to adjust the guide groove 310 according to surgical needs, that is, the size of the tibial bone fragment to be cut in the actual operation, so that when performing horizontal osteotomy, the saw blade 7 will not exceed the osteotomy range, and the incision can also be pulled to both sides to obtain more surgical fields of view, thereby reducing the interference of multiple retractors in the incision with the saw blade, reducing the difficulty of the operation, and improving the surgical accuracy.

[0034] In this embodiment, when assembling the fixing portion 1 and the guide rod 2, the distal end of the guide rod 2 (the end away from the center of the human body) is aligned with the center of the ankle socket, wherein the ankle socket refers to the joint socket formed by the distal ends of the tibia, fibula and talus; During preoperative preparation, the patient's ankle is adjusted so that the middle of the medial and lateral malleolus points toward the second toe of the patient's foot; The distal end 6 of the femur is the end away from the center of the human body.

[0035] See also Figure 2A first protrusion 33 is provided on one side of the guide plate 3, and the first protrusion 33 protrudes in a direction away from the sinking platform 31. A second protrusion 321 is provided at one end of the guide strip 32, and the second protrusion 321 protrudes in a direction away from the first protrusion 33. The first protrusion 33 and the second protrusion 321 are both provided with an arc-shaped recess 34 on the side away from each other. By adjusting the guide strip 32, the first protrusion 33 and the second protrusion 321 can pull the tissues on both sides of the incision apart to provide a good surgical field of view. At the same time, the guide strip 32 can also assist in marking the longitudinal marking line on the tibial plateau 5, and synchronously guide the saw blade to perform longitudinal osteotomy along the guide strip 32, thereby improving accuracy and reducing the difficulty of the longitudinal osteotomy operation.

[0036] In this embodiment, the arc-shaped recess 34 is designed to better fit and accommodate the soft tissue being retracted, avoiding tissue damage caused by excessive local pressure due to sharp edges, and making the retraction process gentler and safer.

[0037] See also Figure 1 The guide rod 2 includes a vertical section 21 and a bent section 22. The bent section 22 and the guide rod 2 are at an angle to each other. One end of the bent section 22 is fixedly assembled on one end of the vertical section 21, and the other end is connected and fixed to one side of the bottom of the guide plate 3. The other end of the vertical section 21 is detachably assembled on the fixed part 1. By setting the guide rod 2 as a vertical section 21 and a bent section 22, the vertical section 21 is ensured to be parallel to the distal end of the tibia. At the same time, the bent section 22 at an angle to the vertical section 21 ensures that the guide plate 3 is flush with the horizontal marking line of the tibial malleolus. The distance between the guide rod 2 and the tibial skin edge is 1.8-2.8 cm.

[0038] In this embodiment, the distance between the guide rod 2 and the tibial skin edge is set at 1.8-2.8 cm, an optimized range based on clinical surgical experience. A distance less than 1.8 cm may cause friction between the instrument and the skin, interfering with the procedure. A distance greater than 2.8 cm may reduce the stability of the guide plate during osteotomy due to an excessively long lever arm. This range strikes a good balance between ensuring operating space and instrument stability.

[0039] In this embodiment, the guide rod 2 can be set in multiple ways. The guide rod 2 includes a vertical section 21 and a bending section 22 with different bending angles. By combining the vertical section 21 with the bending sections 22 with multiple bending angles, a guide rod 2 with multiple bending angles is formed, which makes it convenient to select a guide rod 2 with a suitable angle according to surgical needs.

[0040] See also Figure 2 and Figure 6The cam 312 is screwed to the cam 313 and the saw blade 313 is screwed to the cam 313 to fix the cam 313. The cam 313 is screwed to the cam 313 and the saw blade 313 is screwed to the cam 313 to fix the cam 313.

[0041] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8 The fixing part 1 includes: a hoop plate 11 and a guide column 13. Both sides of the hoop plate 11 are provided with a tightening belt 12, and are fastened to the ankle joint through the tightening belt 12. The guide column 13 is arranged on one side of the hoop plate 11 and is assembled on the hoop plate 11 through a telescopic member 14. A fastening screw 15 arranged along the front-back direction is provided inside one end of the guide column 13. One end of the fastening screw 15 passes through the guide column 13 and is rotatably assembled on one side surface of the hoop plate 11. A cylindrical cavity 131 is coaxially opened at the other end of the guide column 13. The other end of the bending section 22 is arranged in the cylindrical cavity 131 and is fastened by a height adjustment bolt. During the osteotomy preparation process, the device can rotate the fastening screw 15 so that the guide column 13 can move closer to or away from the hoop plate 11 in a translational manner, thereby adjusting the distance between the guide rod 2 and the skin edge.

[0042] See also Figure 8 , the telescopic member 14 is provided with at least two groups, and is respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the height adjustment bolt, the telescopic member 14 includes: a first telescopic section 141 and a second telescopic section 142, the first telescopic section 141 is provided with a telescopic cavity 1411 extending along its own length direction, one end of the first telescopic section 141 is assembled on one side surface of the hoop plate 11, one end of the second telescopic section 142 is slidably assembled inside the telescopic cavity 1411, and the other end extends to the outside of the telescopic cavity 1411 and is connected and fixed to the guide column 13. By providing at least two groups of telescopic members 14 and using at least two groups of telescopic members 14 to form an interlock, the guide column 13 is prevented from rotating with the fastening screw 15, and at the same time, it plays a guiding role when the guide column 13 moves horizontally.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, three or more groups of telescopic parts 14 can be set according to higher requirements for stability, evenly distributed on the upper and lower sides of the height adjustment bolt to further enhance the anti-deflection ability of the guide column 13 during the translation process.

[0044] See also Figure 2, a retraction device 4 is provided on one side of the guide plate 3 for retracting the tissue around the femur and pressing against the distal end of the femur, the retraction device 4 includes a bracket 41 extending in the up-down direction, a rectangular channel extending in the vertical direction is provided on one side of the guide plate 3, one end of the bracket 41 extends into the interior of the rectangular through hole, and a bracket tooth groove 411 is provided on one side, the guide plate is connected to an adjusting gear 412 at one side of the rectangular through hole through a damping shaft, the adjusting gear 412 is meshed with the bracket tooth groove 411, a supporting tube 314 is provided inside the slide groove 311, one end of the supporting tube 314 is coaxially connected to one end of the adjusting screw 313, and the other end presses against the surface of the bracket tooth groove 411, the bracket A cross bar 42 extending in the left and right directions is provided on one side of the upper end of 41, and a distraction piece 43 is mounted on the cross bar 42 and fastened by an angle fixing bolt 44. The distraction piece 43 is configured to slide along the length direction of the cross bar 42 and rotate coaxially on the cross bar 42. The device can use the distraction piece 43 to pull the tissue around the incision to obtain a better surgical field of view, and at the same time adjust the height of the bracket 41 so that the distraction piece 43 can support the femur to avoid femoral fracture or dislocation, and also improve the safety and stability of tibial osteotomy surgery. At the same time, the adjusting screw 313 can not only drive the guide bar 32 to slide horizontally on the sinking platform, but also resist the bracket 41 to increase the stability of the bracket 41 when driving the distraction piece to support the femur.

[0045] See also Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 The retraction member 43 includes: a sleeve 431 and an arc-shaped retraction plate 433. The sleeve 431 is coaxially sleeved on the cross bar 42. The sleeve 431 is provided with a partially circular arc-shaped channel 432 inside. The arc-shaped retraction plate 433 has a partially circular shape. The arc-shaped retraction plate 433 is arranged inside the arc-shaped channel 432, and one end extends to the outside of the arc-shaped channel 432. The surface of the cross bar 42 is inscribed in the circle where the arc-shaped retraction plate 433 is located. The thickness d of the arc-shaped retraction plate 433 and the width h of the arc-shaped channel 432 meet: d≤h. One end of the angle fixing bolt 44 is threaded along the radial direction of the cross bar 42. It is located outside the sleeve 431 and rests against the arc-shaped retraction plate 433. The curvature a of the arc-shaped retraction plate 433 satisfies the following conditions: 90°≤a≤180°. When the angle fixing bolt 44 is used to tighten the arc-shaped retraction plate 433 and the sleeve 431, one end of the angle fixing bolt 44 presses the arc-shaped retraction plate 433 against the cross bar 42. At the same time, the reaction force exerted on the angle fixing bolt 44 drives the sleeve 431 to be tightened on the cross bar 42. Therefore, only one angle fixing bolt 44 is needed to simultaneously fix the positions of the sleeve 431 and the arc-shaped retraction plate 433, and the extended length and angle of the arc-shaped retraction plate 433.

[0046] The arc angle a of the arc-shaped retractor plate 433 is set to 90° to 180° to accommodate surgical incisions of varying sizes and depths. A 90° arc is suitable for smaller incisions, while an arc closer to 180° provides more comprehensive support and protection for the distal femur 6, preventing accidental displacement or damage during surgery.

[0047] See also Figure 9 A strip positioning groove 132 is provided on the inner wall of the guide column 13 on the side away from the telescopic member 14. The strip positioning groove 132 extends along the length direction of the columnar cavity 131. A positioning strip 23 configured to slide in the strip positioning groove 132 is provided on the outside of the guide rod 2. By setting the positioning groove and the positioning strip 23, when the guide rod 2 is inserted into the guide rod, it can be ensured that the guide plate 3 can face the tibial plateau 5, preparing for subsequent tibial osteotomy.

[0048] Example 2: The structure of Example 2 is basically the same as that of Example 1, except that: See also Figure 10 A first scale segment 35 extending in the left-right direction is provided on the side wall of one side of the guide plate 3, and a second scale segment 24 extending in the length direction thereof is provided on the surface of the vertical segment 21. When performing longitudinal marking and horizontal marking by electrocautery, the longitudinal marking line and the horizontal marking line correspond to the scales on the first scale segment 35 and the second scale segment 24, respectively, which facilitates the subsequent osteotomy of the tibia and the measurement of the size of the tibial prosthesis, thereby improving the accuracy of the surgery.

[0049] In summary, when using the device to perform a tibial osteotomy in a unimalleolar replacement, the fixing portion 1 is fixed to the ankle joint so that the guide rod 2 is parallel to the distal end of the tibia and aligned with the tibial plateau 5 using the guide plate 3. After the incision and tissue removal, the arc-shaped retractor plate 433 is used to retract the tissue at the upper end of the incision on the knee joint. The position of the guide bar 32 on the sinking platform 31 is adjusted, and the incision is expanded using the first protrusion 33 and the second protrusion 321 at the end of the guide bar 32 and the sinking platform 31 to obtain a good surgical field of view and mark the longitudinal and horizontal marking lines on the unimalleolar tibia. After marking the marking line, the side wall of the sinking platform 31 is aligned with the end of the horizontal marking line on the tibial platform 5, and the position of the guide bar 32 is adjusted according to the position of the marking line, so that the guide groove formed between the guide bar 32 and the side wall of the sinking platform can adapt to the width of the tibial osteotomy. At this time, the side wall of the guide bar 32 can also be aligned with the longitudinal marking line. When performing osteotomy, the saw blade 7 is attached to the side wall of the guide bar 32 and performs osteotomy along the longitudinal marking line. When performing horizontal osteotomy, the saw blade 7 moves horizontally along the horizontal marking line and within the range of the guide groove 310, and performs horizontal osteotomy, thereby reducing the difficulty of the operation and improving the accuracy of the operation.

[0050] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental knee replacement, characterized in that: include: A fixing portion (1), the fixing portion (1) being detachably fastened to the ankle joint; A guide rod (2), the guide rod (2) is detachably mounted on the fixing portion (1), one end of the guide rod (2) is equipped with a guide plate (3), the surface of the guide plate (3) is provided with a sinking platform (31), the surface of the sinking platform (31) is used to guide the saw blade to perform horizontal osteotomy on the tibial plateau, a guide bar (32) is provided on the sinking platform (31), and is slidably mounted on the sinking platform (31) along the left and right directions, the side wall of the guide bar (32) is used to guide the saw blade to perform longitudinal osteotomy on the tibial plateau, the guide bar (32) and the guide plate (3) extend into the incision on the same side, the guide bar (32) and the guide plate (3) are moved away from each other to pull the incision apart, and at the same time form a guide groove (310) that can limit the range of horizontal osteotomy.

2. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide for unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first protrusion (33) is provided on one side of the guide plate (3), and the first protrusion (33) protrudes in a direction away from the sinking platform (31); a second protrusion (321) is provided on one end of the guide strip (32), and the second protrusion (321) protrudes in a direction away from the first protrusion (33); and an arc-shaped recess (34) is provided on the side where the first protrusion (33) and the second protrusion (321) are away from each other.

3. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide for unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rod (2) comprises a vertical section (21) and a bent section (22), wherein the bent section (22) and the guide rod (2) are at an angle to each other, one end of the bent section (22) is fixedly assembled on one end of the vertical section (21), and the other end is connected and fixed to one side of the bottom of the guide plate (3), and the other end of the vertical section (21) is detachably assembled on the fixed portion (1).

4. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide for unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sinking platform (31) is provided with a slide groove (311) extending in the left-right direction, and a slider (312) is slidably mounted inside the slide groove (311). The upper end of the slider (312) is fixedly connected to the guide bar (32), and the guide bar (32) extends in the front-back direction. The slide groove (311) is provided with an adjusting screw (313) extending along the length direction of the slide groove (311). The adjusting screw (313) is threadedly connected to the slide groove (311), and one end of the adjusting screw (313) passes through the slider (312) and is threadedly engaged with the slider (312).

5. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing portion (1) comprises: A hoop plate (11), wherein both sides of the hoop plate (11) are provided with a tightening belt (12), and the hoop plate (11) is fastened to the ankle joint by the tightening belt (12); A guide column (13), the guide column (13) is arranged on one side of the hoop plate (11) and is assembled on the hoop plate (11) through a telescopic member (14); a fastening screw (15) arranged along the front-back direction is provided inside one end of the guide column (13); one end of the fastening screw (15) passes through the guide column (13) and is rotatably assembled on one side surface of the hoop plate (11); The other end of the guide column (13) is coaxially provided with a columnar cavity (131), and the other end of the bending section (22) is arranged in the columnar cavity (131) and is fastened by a height adjustment bolt.

6. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip arthroplasty according to claim 5, characterized in that: The telescopic member (14) is provided with at least two groups, and is respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the height adjustment bolt, and the telescopic member (14) includes: A first telescopic joint (141), wherein a telescopic cavity (1411) extending along the length direction of the first telescopic joint (141) is provided inside the first telescopic joint (141), and one end of the first telescopic joint (141) is assembled on a side surface of the hoop plate (11); A second telescopic joint (142), one end of which is slidably assembled inside the telescopic cavity (1411), and the other end of which extends to the outside of the telescopic cavity (1411) and is connected and fixed to the guide column (13).

7. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 4, characterized in that: A distraction device (4) is provided on one side of the guide plate (3) for distracting the tissue surrounding the femur and pressing against the distal end of the femur. The distraction device (4) comprises: A bracket (41) extends in the up-down direction, a rectangular channel extending in the vertical direction is provided on one side of the guide plate (3), one end of the bracket (41) extends into the interior of the rectangular through hole, and a bracket tooth groove (411) is provided on one side, the guide plate is rotatably connected to an adjustment gear (412) at one side of the rectangular through hole through a damping shaft, the adjustment gear (412) and the bracket tooth groove (411) are meshed with each other, a supporting tube (314) is provided inside the slide groove (311), one end of the supporting tube (314) is coaxially connected to one end of the adjusting screw (313), and the other end is against the surface of the bracket tooth groove (411), and a cross bar (42) extending in the left-right direction is provided on one side of the upper end of the bracket (41); A retractor (43) is sleeved on the crossbar (42) and fastened by an angle fixing bolt (44). The retractor (43) is configured to slide along the length direction of the crossbar (42) and coaxially rotate on the crossbar (42).

8. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide based on unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The retractor (43) comprises: A sleeve (431), the sleeve (431) is coaxially sleeved on the crossbar (42), and an arc-shaped channel (432) having a partially circular shape is provided inside the sleeve (431); An arc-shaped retraction plate (433) having a partially circular shape, the arc-shaped retraction plate (433) is arranged inside the arc-shaped channel (432), and one end extends to the outside of the arc-shaped channel (432). The surface of the cross bar (42) is inscribed in the circle where the arc-shaped retraction plate (433) is located. The thickness d of the arc-shaped retraction plate (433) and the width h of the arc-shaped channel (432) satisfy: d≤h. One end of the angle fixing bolt (44) is threadedly connected to the outside of the sleeve (431) along the radial direction of the cross bar (42) and abuts against the arc-shaped retraction plate (433). The curvature a of the arc-shaped retraction plate (433) satisfies: 90°≤a≤180°.

9. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide for unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 5, characterized in that: A strip-shaped positioning groove (132) is provided on the inner wall of the guide column (13) away from the telescopic member (14), and the strip-shaped positioning groove (132) extends along the length direction of the columnar cavity (131). A positioning strip (23) configured to slide in the strip-shaped positioning groove (132) is provided on the outside of the guide rod (2).

10. The tibial osteotomy auxiliary guide for unicompartmental hip replacement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first scale segment (35) extending in the left-right direction is provided on one side wall of the guide plate (3), and a second scale segment (24) extending in the length direction of the vertical segment (21) is provided on the surface of the vertical segment (21).

Images