System for preparing composite inorganic material from coal gangue

Abstract

According to the system for preparing the composite inorganic material from the coal gangue provided by the invention, the system consisting of the pretreatment device, the reaction device, the heating device and the overflow pipeline is constructed, so that the coal gangue is efficiently utilized as a reaction material, and the problems of environmental pollution and resource waste caused by accumulation of the coal gangue are effectively solved. Moreover, by utilizing the system provided by the invention, valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum which are rich in the coal gangue can be efficiently recycled, resource recycling of wastes is promoted in an assisting manner, and the source of high-performance inorganic materials is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of preparing inorganic composite materials, in particular to a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. Background Art

[0002] Coal gangue is solid waste discharged during the coal mining and coal washing processes. It is a black-gray rock with a low carbon content and harder than coal that accompanies the coal seam during the coal formation process. It includes excavation gangue during tunnel excavation, gangue mined from the roof, floor and interlayer during mining, and washed gangue picked out during coal washing.

[0003] Gangue is produced in significant quantities during coal mining and washing. Its long-term accumulation not only consumes land resources but also negatively impacts the surrounding environment, causing soil and water pollution and the potential for geological disasters. However, gangue is rich in valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum, offering significant potential for resource utilization. Currently, the lack of specialized equipment capable of mass-producing composite inorganic materials from gangue limits its high-value applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address these issues, the present invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. By constructing a system consisting of a pretreatment unit, a reaction unit, a heating unit, and an overflow pipe, the coal gangue is efficiently utilized as a reaction material, effectively addressing the environmental pollution and resource waste caused by coal gangue accumulation. Furthermore, the system provided by the present invention can efficiently recover valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum that are rich in coal gangue, promoting waste resource recovery and expanding the source of high-performance inorganic materials.

[0005] The present invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, the system comprising: A reaction device (1), a pretreatment device (2) and a heating device (3), wherein reaction materials are accumulated in the reaction device (1), and the reaction materials are accumulated along a target direction; An overflow pipe (11) is provided in the reaction device (1), a first portion (111) of the overflow pipe (11) is located inside the reaction device (1), and a second portion (112) is located outside the reaction device (1), wherein the overflow pipe (11) is movable in the target direction; The inlet of the reaction device (1) and the outlet of the pretreatment device (2) are connected via a first delivery pipe (12), and the heating device (3) and the first delivery pipe (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the reaction device (1) in the target direction; The pretreatment device (2) is configured to stir the coal gangue introduced therein to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first feed pipe (12); The heating device (3) is configured to heat the reaction material in the reaction device (1); The reaction device (1) is configured to calcine the reaction material at a high temperature to obtain a composite inorganic material; The overflow pipe (11) is configured to discharge the composite inorganic material out of the reaction device (1).

[0006] Optionally, the system further comprises a connecting member (4) and a baffle plate (5); One end of the connecting member (4) extends into the overflow pipe (11) along the target direction and is connected to the inner wall of the overflow pipe (11), and the other end of the connecting member (4) extends out of the overflow pipe (11) and is connected to the baffle plate (5); The baffle plate (5) and the overflow pipe (11) are arranged opposite to each other in the target direction, and the orthographic projection of the baffle plate (5) on the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located at least covers the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

[0007] Optionally, the material blocking plate (5) includes a connection area (51) connected to the connection member (4), and a material blocking area (52) outside the connection area (51); The minimum distance between the connecting area (51) and the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is greater than the minimum distance between the material retaining area (52) outside the connecting area (51) and the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

[0008] Optionally, the minimum distance from the material blocking area (52) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11) decreases linearly along the direction from the connecting area (51) to the edge of the material blocking plate (5).

[0009] Optionally, the minimum distance between the edge of the baffle plate (5) and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located in the target direction is 5 cm-20 cm.

[0010] Optionally, the system further comprises a lifting device (6) and a control device (7); The lifting device (6) is connected to the overflow pipe (11); The control device (7) includes a timing unit (71), a comparison unit (72) and a control unit (73); wherein the timing unit (71) is configured to record the time of the high-temperature calcination and transmit a time value signal to the comparison unit (72); The comparison unit (72) is configured to receive the time value signal and transmit a start signal to the control unit (73) when the time value signal is greater than the time threshold; The control device (7) is configured to control the lifting device (6) to start in response to the start signal; The lifting device (6) is configured to drive the overflow pipe (11) to move in the direction of the second portion (112), so that the composite inorganic material enters from the opening of the overflow pipe (11) and is discharged from the reaction device (1) through the overflow pipe (11).

[0011] Optionally, the pretreatment device (2) includes a feeding device (21); The feeding device (21) comprises: A feeding pipe (211), wherein a screw conveyor (212) is provided in the feeding pipe (211); The outlet of the feed pipe (211) is connected to the first conveying pipe (12), the feed end of the screw conveyor (212) is adjacent to the inlet of the feed pipe (211), and the discharge end is adjacent to the first conveying pipe (12); The feeding device (21) is configured to obtain the reaction material after stirring the coal gangue, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first conveying pipe (12).

[0012] Optionally, the feeding device (21) further comprises a first feeding port (213) and a second feeding port (214) arranged at different positions of the feeding pipe (211), wherein the first feeding port (213) is configured to add aluminum oxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211); and the second feeding port (214) is configured to add silicon oxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211).

[0013] Optionally, the first feeding port (213) is located on a side of the second feeding port (214) close to the third feeding pipe (221).

[0014] Optionally, the heating device (3) includes a fan (31), a preheater (32) and a heater (33); The air outlet of the fan (31) and the air inlet of the preheater (32) are connected via a first air delivery pipe (311); The gas outlet of the preheater (32) is connected to the reaction device (1) via a second gas delivery pipe (321), and the connection position is on the opposite side of the first material delivery pipe (12); The heater (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of the reaction device (1), and the sleeve position is close to the side of the second gas pipe (321); The fan (31) is configured to blow the stored heat gas into the preheater (32) through the first gas transmission pipe (311); The preheater (32) is configured to heat the heat storage gas to 500° C.-600° C., and to transport the heated heat storage gas to the reaction device (1) through the second gas transmission pipe (321); The heater (33) is configured to further heat the heated thermal storage gas to a temperature greater than 1000°C. The thermal storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000°C provides a high-temperature environment for the reaction material, and a composite inorganic material is obtained after calcination.

[0015] Beneficial technical effects: The present invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue. The system primarily comprises a reaction device, a pretreatment device, a heating device, and an overflow pipe disposed within the reaction device. During implementation, the coal gangue is first stirred in the pretreatment device to obtain a reaction mass. The reaction mass is then transported to the reaction device via a first delivery pipe, where the accumulated reaction mass is continuously heated by a heating device and subjected to high-temperature calcination to obtain a composite inorganic material. During the high-temperature calcination, the first portion of the overflow pipe is located within the reaction device, preventing the continuously replenished reaction mass from entering the overflow pipe. After the calcination is complete, the overflow pipe is moved toward the second portion, allowing the composite inorganic material to enter the overflow pipe through the opening of the first portion and ultimately exit the reaction device.

[0016] In this invention, the homogenized reaction material obtained by stirring in a pretreatment device is sequentially dehydrated, decomposed, and reconstructed in the reaction device, in conjunction with the gradient temperature field formed by the heating device, to ultimately produce a composite inorganic material. This system enables the efficient conversion of coal gangue into high-performance composite inorganic materials, not only resolving the large footprint and heavy pollution issues of traditional treatment methods but also achieving high-value utilization of waste, providing a practical and feasible technical path for the resource utilization of coal gangue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the system structure for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 A top view of the material blocking area proposed in an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 3 A top view of a reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0019] Description of reference numerals: 1. Reaction device; 11. Overflow pipe; 111. First part; 112. Second part; 113. Storage silo; 12. First feed pipe; 2. Pretreatment device; 21. Feeding equipment; 211. Feeding pipe; 212. Screw conveyor; 213. First feeding port; 214. Second feeding port; 3. Heating device; 31. Fan; 311. First gas pipe; 32. Preheater; 321. Second gas pipe; 33. Heater; 331. Upper air distribution plate; 332. First gas outlet; 333. Induction coil; 334. Protective cover; 335. Lower air distribution plate; 336. Second gas outlet; 4. Connectors; 5. Material blocking plate; 51. Connection area; 52. Material blocking area; 6. Lifting device; 7. Control device; 71. Timing unit; 72. Comparison unit; 73. Control unit; 8. Cyclone separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In the drawings, the sizes of components, layer thicknesses, or regions may be exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, any implementation of the present disclosure is not necessarily limited to the dimensions shown in the drawings, and the shapes and sizes of components in the drawings do not reflect true proportions. Furthermore, the drawings schematically illustrate idealized examples, and any implementation of the present disclosure is not limited to the shapes or values ​​shown in the drawings.

[0022] In the relevant technologies, there are many problems in the utilization of coal gangue. For example, in the application of building materials, its complex composition leads to poor quality stability, and the production of high-quality products has high technical requirements; when used for power generation and heat supply, the combustion efficiency of coal gangue is low due to its low calorific value, and the combustion process easily produces a large amount of pollutants, and a large amount of cost is required for the early treatment; in the field of land reclamation and agricultural application, the harmful substances contained in coal gangue not only limit the soil improvement effect, but also cause concerns about the stability of reclaimed land and the safety of crops, resulting in a low utilization rate of coal gangue, so that it is in a state of accumulation for a long time, which not only occupies land resources, but also causes negative impacts on the surrounding environment such as soil pollution, water pollution and geological disaster risks.

[0023] Research conducted by the present inventors has discovered that, in addition to the aforementioned applications, coal gangue is rich in valuable chemical components such as silicon and aluminum, and can be further used to prepare composite inorganic materials. However, the few existing processes for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue suffer from defects such as discontinuous preparation, difficulty in scalable production, and low energy efficiency. To address these issues, the present inventors propose a system for mass-producing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, providing a new direction for the high-value utilization of coal gangue. By processing coal gangue through this system, its potential value can be fully tapped and efficiently converted into high-value-added compounds.

[0024] refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, the system mainly comprising: A reaction device 1, a pretreatment device 2 and a heating device 3, wherein reaction materials are accumulated in the reaction device 1 and the reaction materials are accumulated along a target direction; An overflow pipe 11 is provided in the reaction device 1 , wherein a first portion 111 of the overflow pipe 11 is located inside the reaction device 1 and a second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11 is located outside the reaction device 1 , wherein the overflow pipe 11 is movable in the target direction; The inlet of the reaction device 1 and the outlet of the pretreatment device 2 are connected via a first material delivery pipe 12, and the heating device 3 and the first material delivery pipe 12 are respectively located on opposite sides of the reaction device 1 in the target direction; The pretreatment device 2 is configured to stir the coal gangue introduced therein to obtain the reaction material, and transport the reaction material to the reaction device 1 through the first feed pipe 12; The heating device 3 is configured to heat the reaction material in the reaction device 1; The reaction device 1 is configured to calcine the reaction materials at high temperature to obtain a composite inorganic material; The overflow pipe 11 is configured to discharge the composite inorganic material out of the reaction device 1 .

[0025] In the present invention, the reaction device 1 serves as a high-temperature processing unit, which can carry material accumulation and thermochemical reaction inside. A reactor or reaction furnace body made of high-temperature resistant materials can be used to meet the requirements of continuous feeding and dynamic discharge. In the present invention, the target direction is the axial movement direction of the material in the reaction device 1, such as Figure 1 The Y direction is shown; In the present invention, the high-temperature calcination performed in the reaction device 1 is a solid-phase reaction process performed below the melting point of the reaction materials, which promotes the reconstruction of silicon and aluminum components to form a composite inorganic material and simultaneously realizes the solidification of heavy metals, wherein the composite inorganic material includes mullite, cordierite, quartz sand, etc. In the present invention, the overflow pipe 11 in the reaction device 1 is made of a high-temperature resistant material, which can be silicon carbide, aluminum oxide, etc. like Figure 1 As shown, the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 refers to the pipe located inside the reaction device 1 in the Y direction, and the second part 112 refers to the pipe located outside the reaction device 1 in the Y direction; the present invention sets the overflow pipe 11 to move in the target direction to adjust the discharge position in conjunction with the calcination process of the reaction materials, so that the obtained composite inorganic material can be discharged from the reaction device 1 in time, providing space for the subsequent continuous replenishment of reaction materials, and ensuring that the preparation process can run continuously and stably.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the diameter of the first portion 111 of the overflow conduit 11 in the X direction may be smaller than or equal to the diameter of the second portion 112 in the X direction; like Figure 1 As shown, when the diameters of the first part 111 and the second part 112 in the X direction are the same, preferably, the first part 111 and the second part 112 are fixedly connected, and the first part 111 and the second part 112 are moved simultaneously to reduce the height of the first part 111 in the X direction, so that the composite inorganic material obtained by the reaction can be discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112; When the diameter of the first portion 111 of the overflow pipe 11 in the X direction is smaller than the diameter of the second portion 112 in the X direction, the first portion 111 can be fixed in the second portion 112 in the Y direction, or slidably disposed in the second portion 112. In this case, the portion of the second portion 112 close to the first material delivery pipe 12 is located inside the reaction device 1, and the portion away from the first material delivery pipe 12 is located outside the reaction device 1. That is, the opening of the second portion 112 is located outside the reaction device 1 to facilitate the discharge of the composite inorganic material. When the diameter of the first part 111 in the X direction is smaller than the diameter of the second part 112, the first part 111 can be slid downward into the second part 112 to lower the height of the first part 111 in the X direction so that the composite inorganic material obtained by the reaction can pass through the first part 111 and finally be discharged from the reaction device 1 through the opening of the second part 112. Alternatively, the first part 111 can be fixed to the second part and the first part 111 and the second part 112 can be moved simultaneously.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the length of the first part 111 in the Y direction can be greater than or equal to the length of the second part 112 in the Y direction; when the first part 111 is slidably arranged in the second part 112, it can at least ensure that the composite inorganic material can enter the first part 111 and be discharged.

[0028] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , the system further comprises a connecting member 4 and a baffle plate 5; One end of the connector 4 extends into the overflow pipe 11 along the target direction and is connected to the inner wall of the overflow pipe 11, and the other end of the connector 4 extends out of the overflow pipe 11 and is connected to the baffle plate 5; The baffle plate 5 and the overflow pipe 11 are arranged opposite to each other in the target direction, and the orthographic projection of the baffle plate 5 on the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located at least covers the opening of the overflow pipe 11 .

[0029] In the present invention, the connector 4 is a rigid connection structure, such as a metal connecting rod, a high-temperature resistant ceramic rod, etc., which is used to establish a mechanical connection between the inside and outside of the overflow pipe 11; the material of the connector 4 is one of nickel-based alloy, alumina ceramic, silicon carbide, graphite, etc. The connecting member 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first portion 111 of the overflow pipe 11; In the present invention, the baffle plate 5 is a blocking structure provided in front of the opening of the overflow pipe 11, and the material of the baffle plate 5 is one of zircon, silicon carbide, etc.; In the present invention, the orthographic projection of the plane where the opening is located refers to the orthographic projection of the baffle plate 5 perpendicular to the target direction (such as Figure 1 The projection coverage in the Y direction (shown) can make the reaction materials entering the reaction device 1 fall to the side of the baffle plate 5 facing away from the overflow pipe 11, and fall downward along the overflow pipe 11 into the reaction device 1, thereby achieving blocking.

[0030] In specific implementation, the overflow pipe 11 moves upward along the target direction ( Figure 1In the Y direction as shown in the figure), the overflow pipe 11 drives the connecting piece 4 and the baffle plate 5 to move simultaneously, shortening the distance between the side of the baffle plate 5 facing away from the overflow pipe 11 and the top wall of the reaction device 1; the reaction material is fed into the reaction device 1 along the first feed pipe 12 and sent to the target direction (such as Figure 1 The reaction materials are accumulated in the Y direction as shown; part of the fallen reaction materials falls on the baffle plate 5, and then moves downward along the baffle plate 5 to the bottom of the reaction device 1, and the other part falls directly to the bottom of the reaction device 1; the heating device 3 continuously heats the reaction materials and then performs high-temperature calcination to obtain a composite inorganic material; then the overflow pipe 11 is moved downward along the target direction, so that the composite inorganic material enters the overflow pipe 11 along the gap between the baffle plate 5 and the overflow pipe 11, and is finally discharged from the reaction device 1.

[0031] In the present invention, by providing a connector 4 and a baffle plate 5 at the overflow pipe 11, it is possible to prevent insufficiently calcined materials from escaping, thereby avoiding the waste of raw materials. Combined with the movement of the overflow pipe 11 within the reaction device 1, the baffle plate 5 can be moved and adjusted synchronously with the overflow pipe 11, thereby maintaining a stable material blocking effect and promptly discharging the composite inorganic material to avoid material accumulation problems. This structure is more suitable for processing coal gangue raw materials with large composition fluctuations. By dynamically adjusting the position of the baffle plate 5, it can flexibly respond to changes in material properties at different calcination stages, thereby enhancing the process adaptability of the system.

[0032] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The minimum distance between the edge of the baffle plate 5 and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located in the target direction is 5 cm-20 cm.

[0033] In the present invention, the target direction is as follows Figure 1 The Y direction is shown; In the present invention, the total height of the baffle plate 5 in the Y direction is 1.5-3 times that of the stationary bed layer, and the stationary bed layer is the reaction material that is regularly stacked in the Y direction; The opening of the overflow pipe 11 refers to the opening at the end of the first portion 111 away from the second portion 112; The minimum distances between the edge of the baffle plate 5 and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located in the target direction are 5 cm, 10 cm, 13 cm, 15 cm, 18 cm, and 20 cm; The present invention sets a lower limit of the minimum distance to 5 cm to ensure that the calcined material can enter the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11; the present invention sets an upper limit of the minimum distance to 20 cm to prevent the uncalcined material accumulated in the reaction device 1 from entering the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 due to excessive spacing.

[0034] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1, the material blocking plate 5 includes a connection area 51 connected to the connecting member 4, and a material blocking area 52 outside the connection area 51; The minimum distance between the connecting area 51 and the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is greater than the minimum distance between the material blocking area 52 outside the connecting area 51 and the opening of the overflow pipe 11 .

[0035] In the present invention, the connection area 51 is the area on the retaining plate 5 that is directly fixed to the connecting member 4. The connection area 51 serves as a fixed reference surface to ensure the mechanical stability of the retaining plate 5. The minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 in the target direction is equal to the minimum distance between the connecting area 51 and the reaction device 1 in the target direction; The material blocking area 52 is the actual blocking surface outside the connection area 51 and is used to interfere with the flow path of the reaction materials; like Figure 2 As shown, the shapes of the blocking area 52 include circular, square, and sector-shaped; In the present invention, the minimum distance from the connection area 51 to the opening refers to the vertical distance between the edge of the connection area 51 in the Y direction and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 (the opening on the side of the first part 111 away from the second part 112) is located; The minimum distance between the blocking area 52 and the opening is the vertical distance between the edge of the blocking area 52 farthest from the connecting area 51 and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 (the opening on the side of the first part 111 away from the second part 112) is located. By setting the sizes of these two minimum distances, a stepped blocking structure is formed on the blocking area 52. In the present invention, an expansion joint module can be provided at the connection between the connection area 51 and the connector 4 to form a flexible connection that can be axially retracted. The expansion joint can be fixed to the connection area 51 of the retaining plate 5 by bolts via a flange, allowing the retaining plate 5 to freely retract and contract axially at high temperatures, with a compensation amount of ±5 mm. By providing the expansion joint, when the temperature of the reaction device 1 rises, the retaining plate 5 expands due to the heat, pushing the expansion joint to compress. When cooling, the elastic element, such as a disc spring, pushes it to reset, preventing the connector 4 from bending and deformation. In the present invention, a graphite wound gasket can be provided inside the expansion joint to prevent high-temperature gas and the like from leaking to the connector 4 area.

[0036] In the present invention, the geometric configuration of the baffle plate 5 is set to further improve the material control accuracy. The baffle area 52 is placed after the connecting area 51, so that the baffle area 52 forms a guide slope, so that when the insufficiently calcined material hits the slope of the baffle area 52, it is bounced back to the reaction device 1 by the centrifugal force to continue the reaction; when the overflow pipe 11 moves downward, the composite inorganic material is guided along the slope to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 (the opening on the side of the first part 111 away from the second part 112), thereby realizing speed grading, avoiding blockage, and ensuring continuous and stable operation of the system.

[0037] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , along the direction from the connecting area 51 to the edge of the baffle plate 5 , the minimum distance from the baffle area 52 to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 decreases linearly.

[0038] In the present invention, the direction from the connection area 51 to the edge of the baffle plate 5 is the Z direction as shown in FIG2 ; In the present invention, the minimum distance linear reduction refers to the formation of a continuously decreasing distance gradient between the surface of the retaining area 52 and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is located, along the connection area 51 toward the edge of the retaining plate 5, which is achieved by processing the retaining area 52 into an inclined plane or an involute surface, and the inclination angle can be 15°-30°; like Figure 2 As shown in (1), the retaining area 52 can be composed of a circular surface. In this case, the vertical distance from the retaining area 52 to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 toward the overflow pipe 11 decreases linearly. The vertex of the retaining area 52 at the maximum distance from the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is connected to the connecting piece 4, which is the connecting area 51. Alternatively, the retaining area 52 is formed by Figure 2 As shown in (2), the material blocking area 52 can be composed of a plurality of fan-shaped surfaces, the fan-shaped surfaces include arcs and / or straight lines, the distances from the same height position of each fan-shaped surface in the Y direction to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 are the same, and the distances from the respective different height positions of each fan-shaped surface in the Y direction to the opening of the overflow pipe 11 decrease linearly, and the vertex where the plurality of fan-shaped surfaces converge is the connection area 51; like Figure 2 As shown in (3), the material blocking area 52 can be composed of two rectangular surfaces, in which case the collinear line of the two rectangular surfaces is the connecting area 51, and the middle point of the connecting area 51 is connected to the connecting member 4; the two rectangular surfaces include arcs and / or straight lines; the vertical distance between the two rectangular surfaces from the collinear line to the edge decreases linearly; like Figure 2 As shown in (4), the blocking area 52 can be composed of multiple triangular faces, such as four, six, eight, etc., and the vertex where the multiple triangles converge is the connecting area 51; the height of each triangle from the vertex to the edge decreases linearly in the Y direction; In the present invention, a fish-scale micro-pit array or other regular geometric textures can be manufactured on the working surface of the retaining area 52 by using a fiber laser or a pulsed laser, and the surface morphology can be used to improve friction. For example, the micro-pits, as microstructural units, can reduce the direct contact area between the reaction material and the surface of the retaining area 52, thereby reducing the friction coefficient and reducing damage to the retaining area 52. The edges of the micro-pits form support points to disperse the scouring stress of the reaction material and avoid large-area uniform wear. In addition, the micro-pits can destroy the continuous contact between the reaction material and the surface of the retaining area 52, thereby reducing the adhesion of fine particles.

[0039] In the present invention, the baffle plate 5 near the connection area 51 is a high resistance area. The distance between the baffle plate 5 and the overflow pipe 11 at this position is large, and it mainly bears the impact of the reaction materials. The baffle plate 5 in the middle part is a transition area. The distance in this area changes linearly, guiding the reaction materials to fall downward into other reaction materials; the edge of the baffle plate 5 is a guide area, and the distance between it and the opening of the overflow pipe 11 is the smallest, which is used to control the final discharge speed.

[0040] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , an end of the second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11 away from the first portion 111 is connected to a storage bin 113; The storage bin 113 is in communication with the interior of the overflow pipe 11 , and is used to recover the composite inorganic material discharged from the overflow pipe 11 .

[0041] In the present invention, the storage silo 113 is a sealed container that is hermetically connected to the second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11. It is used to store and buffer the discharged composite inorganic material, providing a transitional space for subsequent packaging or transport of the composite inorganic material. This solution addresses issues such as contamination from falling material, dust dispersion, and production capacity fluctuations caused by direct discharge, prevents secondary breakage of finished products during transport, and ensures product integrity.

[0042] The top of the storage bin 113 and the second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11 can be fixed by flange connection or other methods, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , the system further comprises a lifting device 6 and a control device 7; The lifting device 6 is connected to the overflow pipe 11; The control device 7 includes a timing unit 71, a comparison unit 72 and a control unit 73; The timing unit 71 is configured to record the time of the high-temperature calcination and transmit a time value signal to the comparison unit 72; The comparison unit 72 is configured to receive the time value signal and transmit a start signal to the control unit 73 when the time value signal is greater than the time threshold; The control device 7 is configured to control the lifting device 6 to open in response to the start signal; The lifting device 6 is configured to drive the overflow pipe 11 to move toward the second portion 112 , so that the composite inorganic material enters from the opening of the overflow pipe 11 and is discharged from the reaction device 1 through the overflow pipe 11 .

[0044] In the present invention, the lifting device 6 is a vertical drive mechanism composed of a linear motor, a hydraulic cylinder or a ball screw; the lifting device 6 can be rigidly connected to the overflow pipe 11 through a flange bracket, and the guide rail adopts a graphite self-lubricating bearing to reduce the friction coefficient and ensure smooth operation; in specific implementation, the control unit 73 sends a start signal, the linear motor drives the screw to rotate, and the flange bracket transmits the thrust to the overflow pipe 11, and the whole is lifted / lowered along the guide rail.

[0045] The timing unit 71 is a high-precision PLC timing module used to record the duration of the gangue calcination process and provide a time reference for triggering automatic discharge; The timing unit 71 is configured to start timing upon receiving a calcination start signal. In the present invention, the calcination start signal means that the temperature of the reaction device 1 reaches at least 1200° C. At this time, the timing unit 71 starts timing and uploads the time value in real time. In the present invention, a temperature sensor may be provided in the reaction device 1 to transmit the internal temperature of the reaction device 1 to the timing unit 71 for triggering the timing unit 71; In the present invention, the time value signal is the calcination time recorded by the timing unit 71 .

[0046] The comparison unit 72 is a programmable logic comparator, which is used to compare the time value data with the preset time threshold in real time to determine whether to trigger the discharge action; the time threshold is preset to 1 min-5 min; In the present invention, the control unit 73 is an industrial controller with a PID adjustment function, which outputs a 4 mA-20 mA control signal; the execution output component of the control unit 73 is a 24VDC relay; The start signal is output through the dry contact of the 24VDC relay. The relay contact is not bound to any power supply and is only used as an on-off circuit. When the comparison unit 72 determines that the time exceeds the threshold, the control unit 73 outputs 24VDC to the relay coil, and its normally open contact (normally open) is closed, connecting the starting end of the lifting device 6 to the external drive power supply, triggering the action, and starting the lifting device 6.

[0047] In specific implementation, the control methods mainly include: S1, data acquisition: the comparison unit 72 reads the current time value from the timing unit 71; S2. Threshold comparison: the comparison unit 72 compares the current time value with a preset time threshold; S3. Output decision: If the time value ≥ the time threshold, the comparison unit 72 outputs a start signal, and the control unit 73 responds to the start signal, closes the 24VDC relay, connects the power circuit, and starts the lifting device 6; if the time value < the time threshold, the relay is kept in the off state.

[0048] In the present invention, when the second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11 is connected to the storage bin 113 , the lifting device 6 can be connected to the storage bin 113 , and the storage bin 113 drives the overflow pipe 11 to move.

[0049] When being implemented specifically, the present invention mainly comprises calcining stage and discharge stage. In calcining stage, lifting device 6 is as follows Figure 2 In the Y direction shown, it moves upward, driving the overflow pipe 11 to move upward, shortening the distance between the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 and the first feed pipe 12, and preventing the reaction material from entering the overflow pipe 11; the heating device 3 heats the reaction material, and when the temperature reaches above 1200°C, the high-temperature calcination treatment is started, at which time the timing unit 71 is triggered to start recording the calcination time and transmit a time value signal to the comparison unit 72, which determines whether the time value is greater than the time threshold. If not, the status quo is maintained; if greater, a start signal is transmitted to the control unit 73. The control unit 73 responds to the start signal to control the start-up lifting device 6, and the lifting device 6 is as shown. Figure 2 The Y direction shown descends at a speed of 5 mm / s-10 mm / s, driving the overflow pipe 11 to move downward, so that the composite inorganic material obtained in the reaction device 1 enters the overflow pipe 11 and is discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, when the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11 are fixedly connected, the connection end of the lifting device 6 is connected to the end of the second portion 112 located outside the reaction device 1 to control the movement of the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 in the Y direction; When the diameter of the first part 111 in the X direction is smaller than the diameter of the second part 112, and the first part 111 slides in the Y direction in the second part 112, the connection end of the lifting device 6 can be connected to the lower end of the first part 111 in the Y direction, and the lifting device 6 is used to control the movement of the first part 111, so that the composite inorganic material is discharged into the first part 111, and then discharged into the second part 112 through the first part 111, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the opening of the second part 112.

[0051] In the present invention, precise timing control of the calcination process is achieved by providing a lifting device 6 and a control device 7. On the one hand, this ensures that the reaction materials receive sufficient and uniform calcination time. On the other hand, dynamic discharge can promptly discharge the reaction products, avoiding material accumulation that affects the continuity of the reaction. Automatic discharge also reduces manual operation and reduces production difficulty.

[0052] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , the pretreatment device 2 includes a feeding device 21; The feeding device 21 includes: A feed pipe 211, wherein a screw conveyor 212 is provided in the feed pipe 211; The outlet of the feed pipe 211 is connected to the first conveying pipe 12, the feed end of the screw conveyor 212 is adjacent to the inlet of the feed pipe 211, and the discharge end is adjacent to the first conveying pipe 12; The feeding device 21 is configured to stir the gangue to obtain the reaction material, and transport the reaction material to the reaction device 1 through the first feeding pipe 12; The feeding device 21 is configured to stir the gangue to obtain the reaction material, and transport the reaction material to the reaction device 1 through the first conveying pipe 12 .

[0053] In the present invention, the coal gangue entering the feeding device 21 may be crushed and screened in advance; The feeding device 21 is used to homogenize and stir the coal gangue, and a feeding port is provided at one end of the feeding device 21 away from the first feeding pipe 12; The feed pipe 211 is used to install the screw conveyor 212 and hold the coal gangue; In the present invention, the height of one end of the feed pipe 211 close to the first delivery pipe 12 in the Y direction can be set to be lower than the height of the other end, and Figure 1 The angle in the X direction shown is ≤15° to prevent material backflow.

[0054] In a specific implementation, the gangue is conveyed to the feeding device 21, stirred by the screw conveyor 212 until homogeneous, and the reaction material is obtained. Then, the reaction material is conveyed to the reaction device 1 through the first conveying pipe 12 for high-temperature calcination. In the present invention, stirring solves the problem of calcination quality fluctuation caused by uneven composition and discrete particle size of the gangue raw material.

[0055] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The feeding device 21 also includes a first feeding port 213 and a second feeding port 214 arranged at different positions of the feeding pipe 211, the first feeding port 213 is configured to add aluminum oxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe 211; the second feeding port 214 is configured to add silicon oxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe 211.

[0056] In the present invention, the first feeding port 213 can be set at 1 / 3 of the pipe length from the feeding end of the feeding pipe 211; the second feeding port 214 can be set at 2 / 3 of the pipe length from the feeding end of the feeding pipe 211; Alumina with a purity of ≥98% and a particle size of 400-600 mesh is used to enhance the refractoriness of the calcined product; the addition ratio can be 5%-15%; The purity of silicon oxide is ≥99%, and the particle size is 200-300 mesh. It is used to adjust the melting temperature. The addition ratio can be 3%-10% to control the amount of product phase generated.

[0057] In specific implementation, after the gangue enters the feed pipe 211, alumina and silica can be added through the first feeding port 213 and the second feeding port 214 respectively; after stirring by the screw conveyor 212, the added alumina and / or silica are fully mixed with the gangue to obtain a homogeneous reaction material.

[0058] In the present invention, by providing a dual feeding port on the feed pipe 211, alumina and silica are added in stages, and the aluminum-silicon ratio of the gangue is precisely controlled between 0.4 and 0.6 (the original gangue is 0.2-0.3), thereby dynamically adjusting the composition of the gangue. Since the ratio of alumina to silica in gangue from different origins is different, this can be effectively adjusted through the two feeding ports to obtain the desired product, a composite inorganic material.

[0059] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 The first feeding port 213 is located on a side of the second feeding port 214 away from the first feeding pipe 12 .

[0060] In the present invention, according to the position of the first feeding port 213, the aluminum oxide is added preferentially to ensure that it is initially mixed with the coal gangue; The second feeding port 214 is used for subsequent addition of silicon oxide to form a gradient mixture.

[0061] In the present invention, alumina needs to be added earlier and stirred longer than silica to fully disperse it. Silica can be mixed in later. This order can further improve the mixing uniformity and the rationality of the spatial distribution of the components.

[0062] In the present invention, reference is made to Figure 1 , the heating device 3 includes a fan 31, a preheater 32 and a heater 33; The air outlet of the fan 31 is connected to the air inlet of the preheater 32 via a first air delivery pipe 311; The gas outlet of the preheater 32 is connected to the reaction device 1 through the second gas delivery pipe 321, and the connection position is on the opposite side of the first material delivery pipe 12; The heater 33 is sleeved on the outer wall of the reaction device 1 and is sleeved on a side close to the second gas pipe 321; The fan 31 is configured to blow the stored heat gas into the preheater 32 through the first gas pipe 311; The preheater 32 is configured to heat the stored heat gas to 500°C-600°C, and to transport the heated stored heat gas to the reaction device 1 through the second gas pipeline 321; The heater 33 is configured to further heat the heated thermal storage gas to a temperature greater than 1000° C. The thermal storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000° C. provides a high-temperature environment for the reaction materials, and a composite inorganic material is obtained after calcination.

[0063] In the present invention, the fan 31 includes a high-pressure centrifugal fan, etc., which is used to transport the thermal storage gas to the preheater 32; By transporting the stored heat gas to the reaction device 1 through the fan 31 and the like, so as to convert it into a fluidized reactor, a better heat transfer effect can be obtained, the particles can be heated more evenly, the reaction can be more complete, large-scale and uninterrupted heating can be achieved, and the preparation efficiency can be greatly improved.

[0064] The preheater 32 includes a shell and tube heat exchanger, etc. The heating method of the preheater 32 includes electric heating or gas indirect heating; the temperature rise range is from room temperature to 500°C-600°C.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the heater 33 includes an upper air distribution plate 331, a plurality of first air delivery ports 332, an induction coil 333, a lower air distribution plate 335 and a plurality of second air delivery ports 336; The upper air distribution plate 331 is fixed to the inner wall of the reaction device 1 near the second portion 112, and the lower air distribution plate 335 is arranged below the upper air distribution plate 331 in the Y direction and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reaction device 1. The second portion 112 of the overflow pipe 11 passes through the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335 in the Y direction and is sealed with the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335 respectively. The plurality of first air delivery ports 332 are evenly distributed in an area of ​​the upper air distribution plate 331 near the second portion 112 , and the plurality of second air delivery ports 336 are distributed in an area of ​​the lower air distribution plate 335 away from the second portion 112 . The plurality of first air delivery ports 332 and the plurality of second air delivery ports 336 are not connected in the Y direction. The present invention can limit the path of heat storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000°C entering the area above the upper air distribution plate 331 by setting an upper air distribution plate 331 and a lower air distribution plate 335, as well as the staggered arrangement of the first air delivery port 332 and the second air delivery port 336 of the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335, so that the heat storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000°C blows the reaction material along the limited path. Since the conversion of the composite inorganic material can be completed within the time when the reaction material is blown from the bottom of the reaction device 1 to the opening of the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11, the obtained composite inorganic material can be accurately discharged into the overflow pipe 11 by limiting the blowing path.

[0066] In the present invention, the induction coil 333 is a hollow copper tube, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the induction coil 333 surrounds the outer wall of the reaction device 1, and the area formed by the upper air distribution plate 331 and the lower air distribution plate 335 in the reaction device 1 in the Y direction is filled with heat-generating particles. The induction coil 333 is used to heat the heat-generating particles in a non-contact manner to improve heating efficiency and process efficiency. At this time, the end of the second gas pipe 321 away from the preheater 32 is connected to the reaction device 1 on the side of the lower air distribution plate 335 in the reaction device 1 away from the upper air distribution plate 331 in the Y direction, so as to blow the heat storage gas into the reaction device 1, and then flow upward through the second gas delivery port 336 on the lower air distribution plate 335 to perform contact heat exchange with the heat-generating particles, so that the heat storage gas is heated to above 1200°C, and the heat storage gas can be further heated to 1600°C at most. The heating rate of the induction coil 333 is 10°C / min-20°C / min; The heating particles can be stainless steel particles at low temperatures and metal tungsten particles at high temperatures; In the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a protective cover 334 may be wrapped around the induction coil 333 to reduce heat loss; The material of the protective cover 334 can be quartz or the like.

[0067] In the present invention, the preheater 32 and the heater 33 are located on opposite sides of the first feed pipe 12, forming a countercurrent heating layout with the reaction materials to ensure uniformity of the temperature field; The heat storage gas is air or inert gas; Both the preheater 32 and the heater 33 can be connected to intermittent green energy, such as photovoltaics, wind energy, etc., to reduce fuel combustion, reduce environmental pollution caused by the preparation of composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, and flexibly utilize green energy, which also helps to achieve efficient heat transfer.

[0068] During specific implementation, the fan 31 is started, and the fan 31 blows the heat storage gas through the first gas pipe 311 to the preheater 32 for preheating to 500°C-600°C, and then transports it to the reaction device 1 through the second gas pipe 321, so that the preheated heat storage gas passes through the heater 33 on the reaction device 1 and continues to heat up to above 1200°C, and then moves upward in the Y direction, forming a countercurrent with the reaction material, and blowing the reaction material up. During this process, the reaction material absorbs heat and is calcined until the reaction material reaches the position of the baffle plate 5, the calcination is completed, and a composite inorganic material is obtained; at the same time, the obtained composite inorganic material can be guided into the overflow pipe 11 through the inclined surface of the baffle area 52, and finally discharged through the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11; the temperature of the heat storage gas is maintained at 1200°C until all the reaction materials are completely consumed.

[0069] In the present invention, by providing a fan 31, a preheater 32 and a heater 33, the energy cascade utilization and precise temperature control of gangue calcination are achieved. Among them, the reaction materials are heated by heat storage gas, which has a faster heat transfer efficiency and a shorter calcination time than the traditional direct heating by heater 33, thereby improving production efficiency. In addition, the reaction materials are heated by heat storage gas, avoiding the use of fuel combustion for heating, thereby reducing energy consumption and reducing gas pollution such as carbon dioxide. The heat storage gas after heat release in the reaction device 1 can be recycled and reused after dust removal and other treatments to reduce production costs. The heating device 3 forms a complete heat energy circulation system through forced convection conveying by the fan, preheating by the preheater 32 and efficient heating by the heater 33, so that the system has large-scale continuous production capabilities. The heat energy utilization efficiency and temperature control accuracy of the system can meet the requirements of industrial continuous production and can realize large-scale preparation of gangue calcination.

[0070] In the present invention, the system further comprises a cyclone separator 8, and the reaction device 1 is provided with an air outlet, which is used to discharge the heat storage gas after heat exchange with the reaction materials; Cyclone separator 8 is connected to the gas outlet of reaction unit 1 via a pipeline. It is used to separate the heat storage gas discharged from reaction unit 1 after heat exchange, and separate the small amount of particulate matter it carries with it, thereby obtaining pure heat storage gas and a small amount of particles. The pure heat storage gas can be returned to fan 31 for recycling, and the small amount of particles can be returned to feed device 21 for recycling. This not only achieves resource recovery and reduces waste, but also avoids environmental pollution caused by the direct discharge of heat storage gas containing particulate impurities.

[0071] When implementing it, refer to Figure 1 The present application provides a system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, wherein the coal gangue is transported to a pretreatment device 2 and stirred to obtain a reaction material; the reaction material is transported to a reaction device 1 through a first feed pipe 12, and after entering the reaction device 1, the reaction material is transported along a target direction (such as Figure 2 The coal gangue is then calcined to obtain a composite inorganic material. The coal gangue is then calcined to obtain a composite inorganic material. The coal gangue is then calcined to obtain a composite inorganic material. The coal gangue is then calcined to obtain a composite inorganic material. The coal gangue is then calcined to obtain a composite inorganic material. The composite inorganic material ...

[0072] In the present invention, the system realizes the efficient utilization of traditional waste such as coal gangue, and converts it into high-value-added high-temperature composite inorganic materials. It not only solves the problem of stacking and disposal of coal gangue, but also expands the source of raw materials for inorganic materials, which is in line with the concept of resource recycling and sustainable development.

[0073] In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the present invention, the system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to the present invention is now described in detail through the following examples.

[0074] Example 1 refer to Figure 1 A system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue is shown.

[0075] (1) The gangue is transported to the feed pipe 211, and the screw conveyor 212 in the feed pipe 211 stirs the gangue. At the same time, alumina can be added to the gangue through the first feeding port 213, and / or silicon oxide can be added to the gangue through the second feeding port 214. The alumina and silicon oxide are uniformly mixed with the gangue through spiral stirring to obtain a reaction material, which is transported to the reaction device 1 along the first feeding pipe 12. The reaction material begins to accumulate from the bottom of the reaction device 1 along the target direction. At this time, the minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is set to 10 cm, and part of the reaction material will fall into the baffle area 52 of the baffle plate 5, and then slide down along the baffle area 52 into the accumulated reaction material; (2) The fan 31 is started, and the fan 31 blows the heat storage gas along the first gas pipeline 311 to the preheater 32. The preheater 32 heats the heat storage gas to above 500°C, and then transports the heated heat storage gas along the second gas pipeline 321 to the reaction device 1. The heated heat storage gas is further heated to above 1200°C when passing through the heater 33, and then contacts the reaction material in reverse contact with the reaction material to transfer heat, so that the reaction material reaches the temperature of high-temperature calcination. After calcination, a composite inorganic material is obtained; (3) The calcination process can last for 1 s to 8 s. During the calcination process, the reaction materials can be continuously transported to the reaction device through the first feed pipe 12 to ensure continuous production; (4) When the reaction materials are blown to the side of the retaining area 52 facing the connecting piece 4 by the heat storage gas, the calcination is completed. The obtained composite inorganic material can directly enter the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 and then be discharged through the second part 112. The composite inorganic material remaining in the reaction device 1 is, after all the reaction materials are consumed, moved to the direction of the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11, and the distance between the retaining plate 5 and the top wall of the reaction device 1 is increased, so that the remaining composite inorganic material is guided into the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 through the retaining area 52, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112 of the overflow pipe 11, thereby completing the production.

[0076] Example 2 refer to Figure 1 A system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue is shown.

[0077] The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the system further includes a lifting device 6 and a control device 7, which are specifically as follows: (1) The gangue is conveyed into the feed pipe 211, and the screw conveyor 212 in the feed pipe 211 stirs the gangue. At the same time, alumina can be added to the gangue through the first feeding port 213, and / or silicon oxide can be added to the gangue through the second feeding port 214. After spiral stirring, the alumina and silicon oxide are uniformly mixed with the gangue to obtain a reaction material, which is conveyed to the reaction device 1 along the first feeding pipe 12. The reaction material begins to accumulate from the bottom of the reaction device 1 along the target direction. At this time, the minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is set to 10 cm, and part of the reaction material will fall into the baffle area 52 of the baffle plate 5, and then slide down along the baffle area 52 into the accumulated reaction material; (2) The fan 31 is started, and the fan 31 blows the heat storage gas along the first gas pipeline 311 to the preheater 32. The preheater 32 heats the heat storage gas to above 500°C, and then transports the heated heat storage gas along the second gas pipeline 321 to the reaction device 1. The heated heat storage gas is further heated to above 1200°C when passing through the heater 33, and then contacts the reaction material in reverse contact with the reaction material to transfer heat, so that the reaction material reaches the temperature of high-temperature calcination. After calcination, a composite inorganic material is obtained; (3) The calcination process can last for 1 s to 8 s. During the calcination process, the reaction materials can be continuously transported to the reaction device through the first feed pipe 12 to ensure continuous production; (4) When the temperature in the reaction device 1 reaches above 1200 °C, the timing unit 71 is activated, starts to record the time of high-temperature calcination, and transmits the time value signal to the comparison unit 72; the comparison unit 72 starts to compare the time value with the time threshold (5 min). When it is less than the time threshold (5 min), the lifting device 6 is kept in the closed state, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is kept at 10 cm. At this time, part of the reaction material has been calcined when it is blown to the side of the baffle area 52 facing the connector 4 by the heat storage gas. The obtained composite inorganic material can directly enter the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 and then be discharged through the second part 112; when it is greater than or equal to the time threshold (5 min), the time value is 0.01, which is 0.06, which is 0.07, which is 0.08, which is 0.09, which is 0.10, which is 0.09, which is 0.06, which is 0.07, which is 0.08, which is 0.09 ...8, which is 0.08, min), the comparison unit 72 transmits a start signal to the control unit 73, and the control device 7 controls the start signal to start the lifting device 6, and the lifting device 6 controls the overflow pipe 11 to move in the direction of the second part 112, thereby increasing the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the top wall of the reaction device 1, and reducing the distance between the opening of the first part 111 on the overflow pipe 11 and the heater 33, so that the remaining composite inorganic material in the reaction device 1 is continuously introduced into the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 through the baffle area 52, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112, thereby completing the production; (5) After all the composite inorganic materials in the reaction device 1 are discharged, the lifting device 6 drives the overflow pipe 11 to move upward in the target direction, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is restored to 10 cm, and then the lifting device 6 is closed, and the production process of steps (1) to (4) is continued, and so on to form continuous production.

[0078] Implementation 3 The difference between Example 3 and Example 2 is that the heater in Example 3 includes an upper air distribution plate 331, a plurality of first air delivery ports 332, an induction coil 333, a lower air distribution plate 335 and a plurality of second air delivery ports 336, as follows: (1) The gangue is conveyed into the feed pipe 211, and the screw conveyor 212 in the feed pipe 211 stirs the gangue. At the same time, alumina can be added to the gangue through the first feeding port 213, and / or silicon oxide can be added to the gangue through the second feeding port 214. After spiral stirring, the alumina and silicon oxide are uniformly mixed with the gangue to obtain a reaction material, which is conveyed to the reaction device 1 along the first feeding pipe 12. The reaction material begins to accumulate from the bottom of the reaction device 1 along the target direction. At this time, the minimum distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is set to 10 cm, and part of the reaction material will fall into the baffle area 52 of the baffle plate 5, and then slide down along the baffle area 52 into the accumulated reaction material; (2) Start the fan 31, and the fan 31 blows the heat storage gas along the first gas pipe 311 to the preheater 32. The preheater 32 heats the heat storage gas to above 500 °C, and then transports the heated heat storage gas along the second gas pipe 321 to the reaction device 1. The heat storage gas flows upward along the second gas outlet 336 on the lower air distribution plate 335, and blows the heat-generating particles to make the heat-generating particles in a fluidized state. Start the induction coil 333 to heat the heat-generating particles in the fluidized state. The heat storage gas contacts the heated heat-generating particles for heat exchange and heating, and then further heats up to above 1200 °C. Then, the heat storage gas flows upward through the first gas outlet 332 on the upper air distribution plate 331, blowing the reaction materials to make the reaction materials in a fluidized state. At the same time, the heat storage gas and the reaction materials are in reverse contact and heat transfer, so that the reaction materials reach the temperature of high-temperature calcination. After calcination, a composite inorganic material is obtained; (3) The calcination process can last for 1 s to 8 s. During the calcination process, the reaction materials can be continuously transported to the reaction device through the first feed pipe 12 to ensure continuous production; (4) When the temperature in the reaction device 1 reaches above 1200 °C, the timing unit 71 is activated, starts to record the time of high-temperature calcination, and transmits the time value signal to the comparison unit 72; the comparison unit 72 starts to compare the time value with the time threshold (5 min). When it is less than the time threshold (5 min), the lifting device 6 is kept in the closed state, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is kept at 10 cm. At this time, part of the reaction material has been calcined when it is blown to the side of the baffle area 52 facing the connector 4 by the heat storage gas. The obtained composite inorganic material can directly enter the overflow pipe 11 and be discharged through the second part 112; when it is greater than or equal to the time threshold (5 min), the time value is 0.01, which is 0.06, which is 0.07, which is 0.08, which is 0.09, which is 0.10, which is 0.09, which is 0.06, which is 0.08, which is 0.09 ...8, which is 0.08, which is 0.09, which is 0.08, which is 0.08, which is 0.08, which is 0.08, which is 0.08, which is 0.08, which is 0.08, which min), the comparison unit 72 transmits a start signal to the control unit 73, and the control device 7 controls the start signal to start the lifting device 6, and the lifting device 6 controls the overflow pipe 11 to move in the direction of the second part 112, thereby increasing the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the top wall of the reaction device 1, and reducing the distance between the opening of the first part 111 on the overflow pipe 11 and the heater 33, so that the remaining composite inorganic material in the reaction device 1 is continuously introduced into the first part 111 of the overflow pipe 11 through the baffle area 52, and finally discharged from the reaction device 1 through the second part 112, thereby completing the production; (5) After all the composite inorganic materials in the reaction device 1 are discharged, the lifting device 6 drives the overflow pipe 11 to move upward in the target direction, so that the distance between the baffle plate 5 and the reaction device 1 is restored to 10 cm, and then the lifting device 6 is closed, and the production process of steps (1) to (4) is continued, and so on to form continuous production.

[0079] In summary, the system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue provided by the present invention further improves the preparation efficiency and product quality of high-temperature composite inorganic materials through structural setting, precise control of process parameters, reasonable design of process steps and optimized combination of multiple process equipment in various links such as pretreatment, high-temperature calcination and subsequent treatment, ensuring that the prepared composite inorganic materials can meet the strict performance requirements of different industrial fields.

[0080] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0081] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they become aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0082] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or terminal device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements that are inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes the element.

[0083] The above is a detailed introduction to the system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue, characterized in that: The system comprises: A reaction device (1), a pretreatment device (2) and a heating device (3), wherein reaction materials are accumulated in the reaction device (1), and the reaction materials are accumulated along a target direction; An overflow pipe (11) is provided in the reaction device (1), a first portion (111) of the overflow pipe (11) is located inside the reaction device (1), and a second portion (112) is located outside the reaction device (1), wherein the overflow pipe (11) is movable in the target direction; The inlet of the reaction device (1) and the outlet of the pretreatment device (2) are connected via a first delivery pipe (12), and the heating device (3) and the first delivery pipe (12) are respectively located on opposite sides of the reaction device (1) in the target direction; The pretreatment device (2) is configured to stir the coal gangue introduced therein to obtain the reaction material, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first feed pipe (12); The heating device (3) is configured to heat the reaction material in the reaction device (1); The reaction device (1) is configured to calcine the reaction material at a high temperature to obtain a composite inorganic material; The overflow pipe (11) is configured to discharge the composite inorganic material out of the reaction device (1).

2. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a connecting member (4) and a baffle plate (5); One end of the connecting member (4) extends into the overflow pipe (11) along the target direction and is connected to the inner wall of the overflow pipe (11), and the other end of the connecting member (4) extends out of the overflow pipe (11) and is connected to the baffle plate (5); The baffle plate (5) and the overflow pipe (11) are arranged opposite to each other in the target direction, and the orthographic projection of the baffle plate (5) on the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located at least covers the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

3. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material blocking plate (5) comprises a connection area (51) connected to the connection member (4), and a material blocking area (52) outside the connection area (51); The minimum distance between the connecting area (51) and the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is greater than the minimum distance between the material retaining area (52) outside the connecting area (51) and the opening of the overflow pipe (11).

4. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the direction from the connecting area (51) to the edge of the material blocking plate (5), the minimum distance from the material blocking area (52) to the opening of the overflow pipe (11) decreases linearly.

5. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 3, characterized in that: The minimum distance between the edge of the baffle plate (5) and the plane where the opening of the overflow pipe (11) is located in the target direction is 5 cm-20 cm.

6. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises a lifting device (6) and a control device (7); The lifting device (6) is connected to the overflow pipe (11); The control device (7) includes a timing unit (71), a comparison unit (72) and a control unit (73); wherein the timing unit (71) is configured to record the time of the high-temperature calcination and transmit a time value signal to the comparison unit (72); The comparison unit (72) is configured to receive the time value signal and transmit a start signal to the control unit (73) when the time value signal is greater than the time threshold; The control device (7) is configured to control the lifting device (6) to start in response to the start signal; The lifting device (6) is configured to drive the overflow pipe (11) to move in the direction of the second portion (112), so that the composite inorganic material enters from the opening of the overflow pipe (11) and is discharged from the reaction device (1) through the overflow pipe (11).

7. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment device (2) includes a feeding device (21); The feeding device (21) comprises: A feeding pipe (211), wherein a screw conveyor (212) is provided in the feeding pipe (211); The outlet of the feed pipe (211) is connected to the first conveying pipe (12), the feed end of the screw conveyor (212) is adjacent to the inlet of the feed pipe (211), and the discharge end is adjacent to the first conveying pipe (12); The feeding device (21) is configured to obtain the reaction material after stirring the coal gangue, and to transport the reaction material to the reaction device (1) through the first conveying pipe (12).

8. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 7, characterized in that: The feeding device (21) further comprises a first feeding port (213) and a second feeding port (214) arranged at different positions of the feeding pipe (211), wherein the first feeding port (213) is configured to add aluminum oxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211); and the second feeding port (214) is configured to add silicon oxide to the coal gangue in the feeding pipe (211).

9. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first feeding port (213) is located on a side of the second feeding port (214) away from the first feeding pipe (12).

10. The system for preparing composite inorganic materials from coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device (3) includes a fan (31), a preheater (32) and a heater (33); The air outlet of the fan (31) and the air inlet of the preheater (32) are connected via a first air delivery pipe (311); The gas outlet of the preheater (32) is connected to the reaction device (1) via a second gas delivery pipe (321), and the connection position is on the opposite side of the first material delivery pipe (12); The heater (33) is sleeved on the outer wall of the reaction device (1), and the sleeve position is close to the side of the second gas pipe (321); The fan (31) is configured to blow the stored heat gas into the preheater (32) through the first gas transmission pipe (311); The preheater (32) is configured to heat the heat storage gas to 500° C.-600° C., and to transport the heated heat storage gas to the reaction device (1) through the second gas transmission pipe (321); The heater (33) is configured to further heat the heated thermal storage gas to a temperature greater than 1000°C. The thermal storage gas with a temperature greater than 1000°C provides a high-temperature environment for the reaction material, and a composite inorganic material is obtained after calcination.

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