Deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration change and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes and a working method thereof, which comprises, from top to bottom, a mud pretreatment system, a washing and screening system, a vibrating base and a PLC controller. The washing and screening system has a four-layer structure, from top to bottom, three-layer screening cages and a discharging layer, which are connected through flanges. The screening cage comprises, from top to bottom, a screening cage top cover, a sample treatment layer, a sample collection layer and a sample recycling device. Through the technical scheme, the time required for the experiment is greatly reduced through the highly automated vibrating screening system. The deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes is provided, and efficient and standardized sediment treatment can be achieved. The improvement of the washing and screening technology of deep-sea sediments improves the working efficiency and accuracy of sediment particle size analysis, which has a positive significance for clarifying the source of seabed sediments, explaining sediment differentiation and determining the sediment environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea sediment washing and screening, and more particularly to a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device and its working method that can monitor concentration changes. Background Technology

[0002] Washing and sieving deep-sea sediments is one of the methods of sediment sieving. After washing and sieving, the sediments are subjected to grain size analysis. Grain size analysis of marine sediments is a basic part of marine geological experiments. It is of great significance for elucidating the origin of seafloor sediments, interpreting sedimentary differentiation, and determining the sedimentary environment.

[0003] Currently, the screening of marine sediments relies on manual washing and screening methods, which are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also prone to inconsistencies and poor repeatability due to differences in the experience of operators. To improve washing and screening efficiency and reduce human error, there is an urgent need for a fully automated washing and screening device capable of achieving efficient and standardized sediment processing.

[0004] Traditional deep-sea sediment sieving experiments involve first drying the sediment, then using grading sieves of different apertures to separate the particles according to their size, collecting and drying them, and finally sieving them again using mesh sieves of different particle sizes. However, during dry sample sieving, fine particles tend to float, easily causing sample loss. In addition, human error during the sieving process can also cause a certain amount of sample loss. This amount of sample loss will have an adverse effect on the analytical results, which is a problem that dry sample sieving cannot solve.

[0005] Currently, marine sediment analysis employs manual sieving, using small-aperture silk sieves to remove fine particles. This manual sieving process is currently the most efficient method for separating fine particles. While the silk sieving method significantly improves efficiency compared to traditional sedimentation, its drawbacks include the time required to completely sieve a set of samples with different particle sizes, ranging from tens of minutes to several hours, with the time increasing with the amount of sediment. Furthermore, due to the small pore size of the silk sieves, when dealing with large sediment samples, the sieving process requires constant monitoring to prevent sediment buildup on the sieve surface before proceeding to the next step. Additionally, fine particles can easily clog the sieve openings, hindering further sieving. Throughout the process, the concentration of sample particles must be continuously controlled to maintain their suspension. Moreover, variations in operator experience can lead to inconsistent results. To improve sieving efficiency and reduce human error, a deep-sea sediment sieving device capable of monitoring concentration changes is needed, enabling efficient and standardized sediment processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device and its working method that can monitor concentration changes.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes, comprising a mud pretreatment system, a washing and screening system, a vibrating base, and a PLC controller installed sequentially from top to bottom.

[0008] The sludge pretreatment system includes a feed hopper cylinder with a cylindrical upper part and an inverted conical lower part, and a pretreatment layer cover covering the feed hopper cylinder. A feeding port is set at the center of the pretreatment layer cover. A cross mounting frame and a pretreatment layer annular spray pipe are fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the feed hopper cylinder. A material distribution component is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cross mounting frame. The material distribution component is located directly below the feeding port. The pretreatment layer annular spray pipe is located below the cross mounting frame. Several pretreatment layer spray nozzles facing inward are installed on the pretreatment layer annular spray pipe. A pretreatment outlet is set at the lower end of the feed hopper cylinder. A normally closed CNC electric valve A is connected to the lower end of the pretreatment outlet through a flange. A sludge concentration sensor A is fixedly placed vertically downward inside the pretreatment outlet. The normally closed CNC electric valve A is connected to the top of the washing and screening system through a flange.

[0009] The washing and screening system has a four-layer structure, from top to bottom: the first screening cage, the second screening cage, the third screening cage, and the discharge layer. The first screening cage, the second screening cage, the third screening cage, and the discharge layer are connected by flanges.

[0010] The first sieving cage includes, from top to bottom, a sieving cage top cover, a sample processing layer, a sample collection layer, and a sample recycling device;

[0011] The sample processing layer includes a first cylinder, inside which a sieve frame is installed at an inclination angle of 5°-10°. A sieve with a pore size of 0.063mm is laid on the sieve frame. Above the sieve frame, an annular spray pipe is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first cylinder. Several spray nozzles facing inward are installed on the annular spray pipe. A discharge pipe is provided on one side of the first cylinder. The inlet end of the discharge pipe is close to the lowest point of the upper surface of the sieve frame. A manual discharge valve is installed on the outlet end of the discharge pipe.

[0012] The sample collection layer includes a second cylinder, inside which is a feeding hopper. The top of the feeding hopper is located below the screen cloth frame, and the bottom of the feeding hopper is located at the discharge port. The discharge port is connected to a normally closed CNC electric valve B through a flange. A sludge concentration sensor B is fixedly placed vertically downward inside the discharge port.

[0013] The top cover of the screening cage is placed on the top of the first cylinder. A feed inlet with a flange is opened at the center of the top cover of the screening cage, and a circulation port is opened on the top cover of the screening cage located on one side of the feed inlet.

[0014] The sample recycling device includes a water pump and a micro water pump. The micro water pump is installed inside the discharge port. One end of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the micro water pump, and the other end is connected to the circulation port.

[0015] The second layer screening cage is identical to the first layer screening cage except that the screen cloth is changed to a 0.002mm aperture, the normally closed CNC electric valve B is changed to a normally closed CNC electric valve C, and the sludge concentration sensor B is changed to a sludge concentration sensor C.

[0016] The third layer screening cage is identical to the first layer screening cage except that the screen cloth is changed to a 0.0008mm aperture, the normally closed CNC electric valve B is changed to a normally closed CNC electric valve D, and the sludge concentration sensor B is changed to a sludge concentration sensor D.

[0017] The discharge layer includes a third cylinder and a discharge layer top cover covering the third cylinder. A baffle is installed inside the third cylinder at an inclination angle of 5°-10°. A discharge layer discharge pipe is provided on one side of the third cylinder. The inlet end of the discharge layer discharge pipe is close to the lowest point of the upper surface of the baffle. A manual discharge layer discharge valve is installed on the outlet end of the discharge layer discharge pipe. A discharge layer inlet with a flange is opened at the center of the discharge layer top cover.

[0018] The vibrating base includes a bottom cylinder, which is connected to the discharge layer by several damping springs. A vibrating motor is suspended inside the bottom cylinder.

[0019] The PLC controller controls sludge concentration sensors A to D, normally closed CNC electric valves A to D, and vibration motors.

[0020] As a preferred option, an observation port is also provided on the top cover of the pretreatment layer.

[0021] As a preferred option, the material distribution component is a conical structure with the tip pointing upwards.

[0022] As a preferred option, both the manual discharge valve and the manual discharge layer valve are manual cutter valves.

[0023] As a preferred option, there are 8 spray nozzles in both the pretreatment layer and the spray nozzles.

[0024] As a preferred option, the number of damping springs is 8.

[0025] A method for operating a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes, specifically including the following methods:

[0026] Step S1, Pretreatment: The sediment sample is fed into the feed port, dispersed by the distributor, and then washed by the water outlet of the pretreatment layer annular spray pipe 107. After the sample washing is completed, the sludge concentration sensor A at the pretreatment outlet is used to measure the sludge concentration to obtain T. A The valve opening is automatically adjusted according to the liquid concentration; when the concentration increases, T... A As the value increases, the sensor sends a signal to the PLC controller, which then controls the normally closed CNC electric valve A to increase its opening, accelerating the discharge of sediment from the water system into the washing and screening system.

[0027] Step S2, First Screening: The sample pretreated in Step S1 first enters the sample processing layer. Water is sprayed through a ring-shaped spray pipe to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been initially washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.063mm sieve and enters the sample collection layer. The sludge concentration sensor B measures the concentration value T of the collected aquatic sediment sample after washing and screening. B Calculate the washable sieve coefficient k1: Where T is the turbidity measured by the sensor, when k1=0, the turbidity of both is the same; when k1>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher; when k1<0, the concentration of sludge sensor B is higher. The normally closed CNC electric valve B is controlled by a PLC controller to open. When k1 approaches 0, the normally closed CNC electric valve B is set to open. Sediment particles with a diameter greater than 0.063mm are obtained on the 0.063mm screen and can be collected and discharged through the manual discharge valve. Silt and clay particles with a diameter less than 0.063mm will continue to be washed and screened downwards through the normally closed CNC electric valve B.

[0028] Step S3, Second Screening: The sample after the first screening in Step S2 first enters the sample processing layer. Water is sprayed through a ring-shaped spray pipe to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.002mm sieve and enters the sample collection layer. The sludge concentration sensor B measures the concentration value T of the water sediment sample collected after washing and screening. B Calculate the washable sieve coefficient k2: Where T is the turbidity measured by the sensor, when k2=0, the turbidity of both is the same, when k2>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher, and when k2<0, the concentration of sludge sensor C is higher. The normally closed electric valve C is controlled by a PLC controller to open. When k2 is close to 0, the normally closed electric valve C is set to open. Sediment particles with a particle size between 0.063mm and 0.002mm are obtained on the 0.002mm screen cloth, which can be collected and discharged through the manual discharge valve. Silt and clay particles with a particle size less than 0.002mm will continue to be washed and screened downwards through the normally closed electric valve C.

[0029] Step S4, Third Screening: The sample after the second screening process in Step S3 first enters the sample processing layer. Water is sprayed through a ring-shaped spray pipe to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.0008mm sieve and enters the sample collection layer. The sludge concentration sensor B measures the concentration value T of the water sediment sample collected after washing and screening. B Calculate the washable sieve coefficient k3: Where T is the turbidity measured by the sensor, when k3=0, the turbidity of both is the same; when k3>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher; when k3<0, the concentration of sludge sensor D is higher. The normally closed electric valve D is controlled by a PLC controller to open. When k3 is close to 0, the valve is set to open. Sediment particles with a particle size between 0.002mm and 0.0008mm are obtained on a 0.0008mm screen and can be collected and discharged through a manual discharge valve. Clay particles with a particle size less than 0.0008mm will enter the discharge layer through the normally closed electric valve D for collection.

[0030] Step S5, Discharge from the discharge layer: The sample after the third screening process in step S4 enters the discharge layer. After being collected by the baffle, the sample is discharged through the manual discharge valve of the discharge layer.

[0031] By employing the above technical solutions, this invention has the following beneficial effects compared to existing technologies:

[0032] 1. Currently, the analysis of marine sediments uses a manual sieving method, which uses a silk sieve with a small aperture to remove fine particles. The disadvantage of this method is that it takes tens of minutes to several hours to completely sieve a set of samples with different particle sizes, and the more sediment there is, the longer it takes. However, this invention significantly reduces the time required for the experiment by using a highly automated vibrating sieving system.

[0033] 2. In addition, since the mesh size of the silk sieve used is too small, when the amount of sediment sample is large, it is necessary to continuously observe the degree of washing during the washing process to prevent the sediment from accumulating on the sieve surface before proceeding to the next washing operation. However, the present invention can use the observation port and PLC controller to monitor the amount of sediment sample in real time and determine whether to perform the washing operation.

[0034] 3. Existing sediment washing and screening methods can cause fine sediment particles to accumulate and clog the sieve openings, making it impossible to wash the sample. Throughout the washing process, the concentration of sample particles needs to be constantly controlled to ensure they remain in suspension. Furthermore, differences in operator experience can lead to inconsistent results. To improve washing and screening efficiency and reduce human error, this invention introduces a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device that can monitor concentration changes, enabling efficient and standardized sediment processing.

[0035] 4. Improvements in deep-sea sediment washing and screening techniques have increased the efficiency and accuracy of sediment grain size analysis, which is of positive significance for elucidating the origin of seafloor sediments, interpreting sedimentary differentiation, and determining sedimentary environments.

[0036] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the mud pretreatment system after the top cover of the pretreatment layer has been removed;

[0040] Figure 3 A bottom view of the mud pretreatment system;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first layer screening cage;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first layer of screening cage from below;

[0043] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the first screening cage without its top cover and the second cylinder.

[0044] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the discharge layer;

[0045] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the discharge layer after removing the top cover of the discharge layer;

[0046] in, Figures 1 to 8 The correspondence between the reference numerals and components in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0047] 1. Sludge pretreatment system; 2. Screening system; 3. Vibrating base; 4. PLC controller; 101. Feed hopper cylinder; 102. Pretreatment layer top cover; 103. Feed port; 104. Observation port; 105. Cross mounting bracket; 106. Material distribution component; 107. Pretreatment layer annular spray pipe; 108. Pretreatment layer spray nozzle; 109. Pretreatment discharge port; 110. Normally closed CNC electric valve A; 111. Sludge concentration sensor A; 201. First layer screening cage; 202. Second layer screening cage; 203. Third layer screening cage; 204. Discharge layer; 205. Screening cage top cover; 206. Sample processing layer; 207. Sample collection layer; 208. First cylinder; 209. Screen cloth frame; 21. 0. Screen cloth, 211. Circular spray pipe, 212. Spray nozzle, 213. Discharge pipe, 214. Manual discharge valve, 215. Second cylinder, 216. Feed hopper, 217. Discharge port, 218. Normally closed CNC electric valve B, 219. Sludge concentration sensor B, 220. Feed inlet, 221. Circulation port, 222. Water pump, 223. Micro water pump, 224. Third cylinder, 225. Top cover of discharge layer, 226. Baffle, 227. Discharge layer discharge pipe, 228. Manual discharge valve of discharge layer, 229. Feed inlet of discharge layer, 230. Sample recycling and reuse device, 301. Bottom cylinder, 302. Shock-absorbing spring. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0049] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0050] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a detailed description of a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes and its operating method, according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] This invention proposes a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes. The overall structure of this invention is similar to the DH-2000 vibrating screen. Figure 1 The system shown includes, from top to bottom, a mud pretreatment system 1, a screen washing system 2, a vibrating base 3, and a PLC controller 4.

[0052] The mud pretreatment system 1 performs preliminary washing to form aqueous sediments. It includes a feed hopper 101 with a cylindrical upper section and an inverted conical lower section, and a pretreatment layer cover 102 covering the feed hopper 101. A feed inlet 103 is located at the center of the pretreatment layer cover 102, and an observation port 104 is also provided on the pretreatment layer cover 102. A cross-shaped mounting bracket 105 and a pretreatment layer annular spray pipe 107 are fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the feed hopper 101. A material distribution component 106, which is a conical structure with its tip pointing upwards, is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cross-shaped mounting bracket 105. The material distribution component 106 is located directly below the feeding port 103. The pretreatment layer annular spray pipe 107 is located below the cross mounting bracket 105. Eight pretreatment layer spray nozzles 108 facing inward are installed on the pretreatment layer annular spray pipe 107. A pretreatment outlet 109 is provided at the lower end of the feed hopper cylinder 101. A normally closed CNC electric valve A110 is connected to the lower end of the pretreatment outlet 109 through a flange. A sludge concentration sensor A111 is fixedly placed vertically downward inside the pretreatment outlet 109. The normally closed CNC electric valve A110 is connected to the top of the washing and screening system 2 through a flange.

[0053] The washing and screening system 2 is located in the middle of the device and is the core part of the entire device. The washing and screening system can be divided into layers according to the particle size analysis requirements of the experiment. The washing and screening system 2 has a four-layer structure, which consists of a first screening cage 201, a second screening cage 202, a third screening cage 203 and a discharge layer 204 from top to bottom. The first screening cage 201, the second screening cage 202, the third screening cage 203 and the discharge layer 204 are connected by flanges.

[0054] The first sieving cage 201 includes a sieving cage top cover 205, a sample processing layer 206, a sample collection layer 207, and a sample recycling device 230 arranged from top to bottom.

[0055] The sample processing layer 206 includes a first cylinder 208. A sieve frame 209 is installed inside the first cylinder 208 at an inclination angle of 5°-10°. A sieve cloth 210 with a pore size of 0.063mm is laid on the sieve frame 209. An annular spray pipe 211 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first cylinder 208 above the sieve frame 209. Eight spray nozzles 212 facing inward are installed on the annular spray pipe 211. A discharge pipe 213 is provided on one side of the first cylinder 208. The inlet end of the discharge pipe 213 is close to the lowest point of the upper surface of the sieve frame 209. A manual discharge valve 214 is installed on the outlet end of the discharge pipe 213.

[0056] The sample collection layer 207 includes a second cylinder 215, inside which a hopper 216 is provided. The top of the hopper 216 is located below the screen frame 209, and the bottom of the hopper 216 is provided with an outlet 217. The outlet 217 is connected to a normally closed CNC electric valve B218 through a flange. A sludge concentration sensor B219 is fixedly placed vertically downward inside the outlet 217 to ensure that the depth of the water sediment can submerge the probe of the sludge concentration sensor B219.

[0057] The top cover 205 of the screening cage covers the top of the first cylinder 208. A feed inlet 220 with a flange is provided at the center of the top cover 205 of the screening cage, and a circulation port 221 is provided on the top cover 205 of the screening cage located on one side of the feed inlet 220.

[0058] The sample recycling device 230 includes a water pumping pipe 222 and a micro water pump 223. The micro water pump 223 is installed inside the discharge port 217. One end of the water pumping pipe 222 is connected to the outlet of the micro water pump 223, and the other end is connected to the circulation port 221. It connects the sample processing layer 206 and the sample collection layer 207, and guides the washed and screened water sediment samples collected in the sample collection layer 207 back onto the sieve cloth of the sample processing layer 206 to repeat the washing and screening work until the sieve is clean enough to continue washing and screening.

[0059] The second layer screening cage 202 is the same as the first layer screening cage 201 except that the screen cloth 210 is changed to a 0.002mm aperture, the normally closed CNC electric valve B218 is changed to a normally closed CNC electric valve C, and the sludge concentration sensor B219 is changed to a sludge concentration sensor C.

[0060] The third layer screening cage 203 is the same as the first layer screening cage 201 except that the screen cloth 210 is changed to a 0.0008mm aperture, the normally closed CNC electric valve B218 is changed to a normally closed CNC electric valve D, and the sludge concentration sensor B219 is changed to a sludge concentration sensor D.

[0061] The discharge layer 204 includes a third cylinder 224 and a discharge layer top cover 225 covering the third cylinder 224. A baffle 226 is installed inside the third cylinder 224 at an inclination angle of 5°-10°. A discharge layer discharge pipe 227 is provided on one side of the third cylinder 224. The inlet end of the discharge layer discharge pipe 227 is close to the lowest point of the upper surface of the baffle 226. A manual discharge layer discharge valve 228 is installed on the outlet end of the discharge layer discharge pipe 227. A discharge layer inlet 229 with a flange is opened at the center of the discharge layer top cover 225.

[0062] The vibrating base 3 includes a bottom cylinder 301, and the bottom cylinder 301 and the discharge layer 204 are connected by eight damping springs 302. A vibrating motor is suspended inside the bottom cylinder 301.

[0063] PLC controller 4 controls sludge concentration sensors A to D, normally closed CNC electric valves A to D, and vibration motor.

[0064] Both the manual discharge valve 214 and the manual discharge layer valve 228 are manual cutter valves.

[0065] A method for operating a deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes, specifically including the following methods:

[0066] Step S1, Pretreatment: The sediment sample is fed into the feed port 103, dispersed by the distribution component 106, and then washed by the water outlet through the annular spray pipe 107 of the pretreatment layer. After the sample washing is completed, the sludge concentration sensor A at the pretreatment outlet is used to measure the sludge concentration to obtain T. A The valve opening is automatically adjusted according to the liquid concentration; when the concentration increases, T... A As the value increases, the sensor sends a signal to the PLC controller 4, which then controls the normally closed CNC electric valve A110 to increase its opening, accelerating the discharge of sediment from the water system into the washing and screening system 2.

[0067] Step S2, First Screening: The sample pretreated in Step S1 first enters the sample processing layer 206. Water is sprayed through the annular spray pipe 211 to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.063mm sieve and enters the sample collection layer 207. The sludge concentration sensor B219 measures the concentration value of the collected aquatic sediment sample after washing and screening as T. B Calculate the washability coefficient k1 (a coefficient k1 used to determine whether sediment particles larger than 0.063 mm in the sample solution have been thoroughly washed and to continue washing and sieving). Where T is the turbidity measured by the sensor, when k1=0, the turbidity of both is the same, when k1>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher, and when k1<0, the concentration of sludge sensor B is higher. At the same time, the status of each link is monitored in real time. PLC controller 4 is set as needed. The normally closed CNC electric valve B218 is controlled by PLC controller 4 to open. When the sensor signal, i.e., k1, is close to 0, the normally closed CNC electric valve B218 is set to open. Sediment particles with a particle size greater than 0.063mm are obtained on the 0.063mm screen and can be collected and discharged through the manual discharge valve 214. The silt and clay particles with a particle size less than 0.063mm will continue to be washed and screened downward through the normally closed CNC electric valve B218.

[0068] Step S3, Second Screening: The sample after the first screening process in Step S2 first enters the sample processing layer 206. Water is sprayed through the annular spray pipe 211 to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.002mm sieve cloth and enters the sample collection layer 207. The sludge concentration sensor B219 measures the concentration value of the collected aquatic sediment sample after washing and screening as T. B The washability coefficient k1 can be used to determine whether a sediment particle sample solution with a particle size of 0.063mm-0.002mm has been thoroughly washed, and a coefficient k2 is used to determine whether further washing and sieving should continue. Where T is the turbidity measured by the sensor, when k2=0, the turbidity of both is the same, when k2>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher, and when k2<0, the concentration of sludge sensor C is higher. At the same time, the status of each link is monitored in real time, and analog signals are used for control. PLC controller 4 is set as needed. The normally closed electric valve C is controlled by PLC controller 4 to open. When the sensor signal, i.e., k2, is close to 0, the normally closed electric valve C is set to open. Sediment particles with a particle size between 0.063mm and 0.002mm are obtained on the 0.002mm screen cloth, which can be collected and discharged through the manual discharge valve 214. The silt and clay particles with a particle size less than 0.002mm will continue to be washed and screened downward through the normally closed electric valve C.

[0069] Step S4, Third Screening: The sample after the second screening process in Step S3 first enters the sample processing layer 206. Water is sprayed through the annular spray pipe 211 to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.0008mm sieve cloth and enters the sample collection layer 207. The sludge concentration sensor B219 measures the concentration value of the collected aquatic sediment sample after washing and screening as T. B The washability coefficient k1 can be used to determine whether a sediment particle sample solution with a particle size of 0.063mm-0.002mm has been thoroughly washed, and a coefficient k3 is used to determine whether further washing and sieving should continue. Where T is the turbidity measured by the sensor, when k3=0, the turbidity of both is the same, when k3>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher, and when k3<0, the concentration of sludge sensor D is higher. At the same time, the status of each link is monitored in real time, and analog signals are used for control. PLC controller 4 is set as needed. The normally closed electric valve D is controlled by PLC controller 4 to open the valve. When the sensor signal, i.e., k3, is close to 0, the valve is set to open. Sediment particles with a particle size between 0.002mm and 0.0008mm are obtained on the 0.0008mm screen and can be collected and discharged through the manual discharge valve 214. Clay particles with a particle size less than 0.0008mm will enter the discharge layer 204 for collection through the normally closed electric valve D.

[0070] Step S5, discharge from the discharge layer: The sample after the third screening process in step S4 enters the discharge layer 204. After being collected by the baffle 226, the sample is discharged through the manual discharge valve 228 of the discharge layer.

[0071] In the description of this invention, the term "a plurality of" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes, comprising a mud pretreatment system (1), a washing and screening system (2), a vibrating base (3), and a PLC controller (4) installed sequentially from top to bottom, characterized in that... , The mud pretreatment system (1) includes a feed hopper cylinder (101) with a cylindrical upper part and an inverted conical lower part, and a pretreatment layer top cover (102) covering the feed hopper cylinder (101). A feeding port (103) is provided at the center of the pretreatment layer top cover (102). A cross mounting bracket (105) and a pretreatment layer annular spray pipe (107) are fixedly connected to the upper inner wall of the feed hopper cylinder (101). A material distribution component (106) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cross mounting bracket (105). The material distribution component (106) is located directly below the feeding port (103). The pretreatment layer annular spray pipe (107) is located below the cross mounting bracket (105). Several pretreatment layer spray nozzles (108) facing inward are installed on the pretreatment layer annular spray pipe (107). A pretreatment outlet (109) is provided at the lower end of the feed hopper cylinder (101). A normally closed CNC electric valve A (110) is connected to the lower end of the pretreatment outlet (109) through a flange. A sludge concentration sensor A (111) is fixedly placed vertically downward inside the pretreatment outlet (109). The normally closed CNC electric valve A (110) is connected to the top of the washing and screening system (2) through a flange. The washing and screening system (2) has a four-layer structure, from top to bottom: the first screening cage (201), the second screening cage (202), the third screening cage (203), and the discharge layer (204). The first screening cage (201), the second screening cage (202), the third screening cage (203), and the discharge layer (204) are connected by flanges. The first layer of sieving cage (201) includes a sieving cage top cover (205), a sample processing layer (206), a sample collection layer (207), and a sample recycling device (230) arranged from top to bottom. The sample processing layer (206) includes a first cylinder (208), a sieve rack (209) is installed inside the first cylinder (208) at an inclination angle of 5°-10°, a sieve cloth (210) with a pore size of 0.063mm is laid on the sieve rack (209), an annular spray pipe (211) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the first cylinder (208) above the sieve rack (209), a number of spray nozzles (212) facing inward are installed on the annular spray pipe (211), a discharge pipe (213) is provided on one side of the first cylinder (208), the inlet end of the discharge pipe (213) is close to the lowest point of the upper surface of the sieve rack (209), and a manual discharge valve (214) is installed on the outlet end of the discharge pipe (213). The sample collection layer (207) includes a second cylinder (215), inside which a feeding hopper (216) is provided. The top of the feeding hopper (216) is located below the screen frame (209), and the bottom of the feeding hopper (216) is provided with a discharge port (217). The discharge port (217) is connected to a normally closed CNC electric valve B (218) through a flange. A sludge concentration sensor B (219) is fixedly placed vertically downward inside the discharge port (217). The top cover (205) of the screening cage covers the top of the first cylinder (208). A feed inlet (220) with a flange is provided at the center of the top cover (205), and a circulation port (221) is provided on the top cover (205) on one side of the feed inlet (220). The sample recycling device (230) includes a water pump (222) and a micro water pump (223). The micro water pump (223) is installed inside the discharge port (217). One end of the water pump (222) is connected to the outlet of the micro water pump (223), and the other end is connected to the circulation port (221). The second layer screening cage (202) is the same as the first layer screening cage (201) except that the screen cloth (210) is changed to a hole diameter of 0.002mm, the normally closed CNC electric valve B (218) is changed to a normally closed CNC electric valve C, and the sludge concentration sensor B (219) is changed to a sludge concentration sensor C. The third layer screening cage (203) is the same as the first layer screening cage (201) except that the screen cloth (210) is changed to a hole diameter of 0.0008mm, the normally closed numerical control electric valve B (218) is changed to a normally closed numerical control electric valve D, and the sludge concentration sensor B (219) is changed to a sludge concentration sensor D. The discharge layer (204) includes a third cylinder (224) and a discharge layer top cover (225) covering the third cylinder (224). A baffle (226) is installed inside the third cylinder (224) at an inclination angle of 5°-10°. A discharge layer discharge pipe (227) is provided on one side of the third cylinder (224). The inlet end of the discharge layer discharge pipe (227) is close to the lowest point of the upper surface of the baffle (226). A manual discharge layer discharge valve (228) is installed on the outlet end of the discharge layer discharge pipe (227). A discharge layer inlet (229) with a flange is opened at the center of the discharge layer top cover (225). The vibrating base (3) includes a bottom cylinder (301), and the bottom cylinder (301) and the discharge layer (204) are connected by several damping springs (302). A vibrating motor is suspended inside the bottom cylinder (301). The PLC controller (4) is connected to normally closed numerical control electric valves A to D, sludge concentration sensors A to D, and vibration motor.

2. The deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes according to claim 1, characterized in that... An observation port (104) is also provided on the top cover (102) of the pretreatment layer.

3. The deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes according to claim 1, characterized in that... The material distribution component (106) is a cone-shaped structure with the tip pointing upwards.

4. A deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes according to claim 1, characterized in that... Both the manual discharge valve (214) and the manual discharge layer valve (228) are manual cutter valves.

5. A deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes according to claim 1, characterized in that... The number of the pretreatment layer spray nozzles (108) and spray nozzles (212) is 8 each.

6. A deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes according to claim 1, characterized in that... The number of shock-absorbing springs (302) is 8.

7. The operating method of the deep-sea sediment washing and screening device capable of monitoring concentration changes as described in claim 1, characterized in that... Specifically, the methods include the following: Step S1, Pretreatment: The sediment sample is fed into the feed port (103), dispersed by the distribution component (106), and then washed by the water discharged through the annular spray pipe (107) of the pretreatment layer. After the sample washing is completed, the sludge concentration sensor A at the pretreatment outlet is used to measure the sludge concentration to obtain T. A The valve opening is automatically adjusted according to the liquid concentration; when the concentration increases, T... A As the value increases, the sensor sends a signal to the PLC controller (4), which controls the normally closed numerical control electric valve A (110) to increase the valve opening, thereby accelerating the discharge of sediments from the water system into the washing and screening system 2. Step S2, First Screening: The sample that has undergone the pretreatment process in step S1 first enters the sample processing layer (206). Water is sprayed through the annular spray pipe (211) to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.063 mm sieve and enters the sample collection layer (207). The sludge concentration sensor B (219) measures the concentration value of the water sediment sample collected after washing and screening as T. B Calculate the washable sieve coefficient k1: T is the turbidity measured by the sensor. When k1=0, the turbidity of the two sensors is the same. When k1>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher. When k1<0, the concentration of sludge sensor B is higher. The normally closed CNC electric valve B (218) is controlled by the PLC controller (4) to open. When k1 approaches 0, the normally closed CNC electric valve B (218) is set to open. The sediment particles with a particle size greater than 0.063mm are obtained on the 0.063mm screen cloth and can be collected and discharged by the manual discharge valve (214). The silt and clay particles with a particle size less than 0.063mm will continue to be washed and screened downward through the normally closed CNC electric valve B (218). Step S3, Second Screening: The sample after the first screening process in step S2 first enters the sample processing layer (206). Water is sprayed out through the annular spray pipe (211) to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.002mm sieve cloth and enters the sample collection layer (207). The sludge concentration sensor B (219) measures the concentration value of the water sediment sample collected after washing and screening as T. B Calculate the washable sieve coefficient k2: T is the turbidity measured by the sensor. When k2=0, the turbidity of the two sensors is the same. When k2>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher. When k2<0, the concentration of sludge sensor C is higher. The normally closed electric valve C is controlled by the PLC controller (4) to open. When k2 is close to 0, the normally closed electric valve C is set to open. Sediment particles with a particle size between 0.063mm and 0.002mm are obtained on the 0.002mm screen cloth. They can be collected and discharged by the manual discharge valve (214). Powdered sand and clay particles with a particle size less than 0.002mm will continue to be washed and screened downward through the normally closed electric valve C. Step S4, Third Screening: The sample after the second screening process in step S3 first enters the sample processing layer (206). Water is sprayed out through the annular spray pipe (211) to perform preliminary washing and screening of the sample that has been preliminarily washed in the upper layer. After washing and screening, the sample passes through a 0.0008mm sieve cloth and enters the sample collection layer (207). The sludge concentration sensor B (219) measures the concentration value of the water sediment sample collected after washing and screening as T. B Calculate the washable sieve coefficient k3: T is the turbidity measured by the sensor. When k3=0, the turbidity of the two sensors is the same. When k3>0, the turbidity of sludge sensor A is higher. When k3<0, the concentration of sludge sensor D is higher. The normally closed electric valve D is controlled by the PLC controller (4) to open the valve. When k3 is close to 0, the valve is set to open. The sediment particles with a particle size between 0.002mm and 0.0008mm are obtained on the 0.0008mm screen cloth and can be collected and discharged by the manual discharge valve (214). Clay particles with a particle size less than 0.0008mm will enter the discharge layer (204) through the normally closed electric valve D for collection. Step S5, discharge from the discharge layer: The sample after the third screening process in step S4 enters the discharge layer (204). After being collected by the baffle (226), the sample is discharged through the manual discharge valve (228) of the discharge layer.

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