Shore-based control system and method for offshore unmanned autonomous system

Abstract

The invention discloses a shore-based control system and method for an offshore unmanned autonomous system, and relates to the technical field of shore-based control. The shore-based control system comprises a shore-based control center integrating a core processor and a selectable enhancement processor; a plurality of built-in communication interface modules; at least one standardized universal expansion interface; and shore station core software. Wherein the shore station software is integrated with an intelligent decision engine, and can automatically optimize, select and dynamically and seamlessly switch a communication link based on multi-dimensional factors such as real-time link quality, MUAS state, task demand, cost and the like; the shore-based control center has an edge computing capability, and performs localized preprocessing, feature extraction and lightweight intelligent analysis on data received from the MUAS through an edge processing module group of shore station software so as to reduce bandwidth requirements and accelerate information acquisition; and on-demand and rapid reconstruction of shore-based system functions is realized through the design of a universal expansion interface so as to efficiently adapt to diversified offshore operation tasks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned autonomous system control, and in particular to a shore-based control system and method for an unmanned autonomous system at sea. Background Art

[0002] Maritime Unmanned Autonomous Systems (MUAS), including unmanned surface vessels (USVs) and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs), are becoming increasingly important in ocean exploration, monitoring, patrol, and emergency response missions. The performance of shore-based control systems, serving as the remote command hub, directly impacts mission effectiveness and safety.

[0003] Although the existing shore-based control systems have developed, they generally have the following technical problems:

[0004] 1. Poor communication link management, insufficient adaptability, and insufficient reliability: While existing systems may integrate multiple communication methods (such as satellite and radio), link selection often relies on manual judgment or simple passive switching based on signal interruptions. This fails to implement intelligent, dynamic, optimal link selection and management based on multi-dimensional information such as real-time channel quality, mission data characteristics (such as priority and type), communication costs, and the MUAS's own status (such as energy reserves). This results in low communication resource utilization and limited communication reliability in complex ocean or electromagnetic environments.

[0005] Second, the burden of data backhaul is heavy, and information processing and decision-making lags: Improved MUAS sensor performance has led to a surge in data volume, especially image, video, and acoustic data. Traditional shore-based systems tend to directly transmit raw or simply compressed data back to the backend for processing, placing enormous pressure on communication bandwidth (especially high-cost satellite links) and causing transmission delays. At the same time, a large amount of raw, unprocessed data floods into operators, making it difficult to quickly extract key information, affecting situational awareness and decision-making timeliness. Shore-based systems lack effective edge pre-processing and intelligent analysis capabilities.

[0006] 3. System functions are rigid, and mission adaptability and scalability are limited: Existing system functions are often rigidified during the design phase. Even if expansion interfaces are reserved, they are often limited to adding similar communication modules. Faced with increasingly diverse and specialized maritime missions (such as specific underwater acoustic target identification, high-precision relative positioning services, and real-time calculation of regional environmental parameters), the system struggles to quickly and economically adapt to new functional requirements, often requiring custom development or complex integration. There is a lack of a flexible, standardized mechanism for on-demand functional reconfiguration.

[0007] 4. Limited operating modes, inconvenient on-site deployment and emergency response: Traditional shore-based control consoles are mostly deployed in fixed control rooms, which is not conducive to rapid on-site deployment, system debugging, recovery operations and close-range emergency control. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem addressed by this invention is to provide a shore-based control system and method for unmanned autonomous maritime systems that integrates intelligent link optimization, shore-based edge processing, and dynamic functional reconfiguration. This system addresses the following issues: how to intelligently optimize link selection under variable communication conditions to improve communication efficiency and reliability; how to reduce the burden of data transmission and accelerate information acquisition through shore-based edge computing; and how to enable shore-based systems to flexibly and quickly adapt to the functional requirements of different missions.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0010] A shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous system at sea, comprising:

[0011] I. Shore-Based Control Center: As the hardware core of the system, the shore-based control center integrates a core processor unit (e.g., a high-performance embedded CPU or SoC) and optionally includes enhanced processing units (e.g., GPUs, FPGAs, or dedicated AI accelerators) to enhance edge computing capabilities. It also includes internal data exchange modules (e.g., high-speed buses, switch chips), energy management modules, and basic display and control interface modules. The shore-based control center is responsible for running core control logic, managing communication links, executing edge computing tasks, managing expansion modules, and performing data storage and backup.

[0012] II. Built-in multi-mode communication interface group: The built-in multi-mode communication interface group is connected to the shore-based control center and is used to establish different modes of communication connections with the maritime unmanned autonomous system, including at least two or more of the following:

[0013] Satellite communication terminal: preferably a Beidou / Tiantong integrated terminal integrating Beidou short message / RDSS, Beidou public network / RNSS (if applicable), and Tiantong-1 satellite mobile communication functions, providing redundancy and optimization of at least two satellite communication links;

[0014] Radio communication module: such as shortwave (HF) and ultra-shortwave (VHF / UHF) radio stations, used for line-of-sight or beyond-line-of-sight communications;

[0015] Broadband wireless transmission module: such as wireless image transmission module based on WiFi, LTE / 5G or dedicated frequency band, used for high-speed data transmission;

[0016] Underwater acoustic communication interface module: used to connect external underwater acoustic communication equipment to achieve underwater communication;

[0017] Wired connection interface: such as Ethernet port and serial port, used for direct connection or debugging at close range.

[0018] III. Universal expansion interface: At least one universal expansion interface with a standardized electrical interface (such as USB, Ethernet, PCIe Mini, etc.), a data exchange protocol (such as standard TCP / IP, CANopen, or a custom message format), and a software application programming interface (API). The key feature of this interface is that it is not only configured to access new communication methods by connecting to communication adapter modules (such as newly added satellite systems and 5G modules), but is also configured to connect to non-communication-specific task processing adapter modules that perform specific task processing functions (for example, RTK solution modules connected to high-precision GNSS base station antennas, real-time underwater acoustic signal processing modules for specific frequency bands, local ocean environment model calculation modules, AIS reception and fusion modules, simulation test injection modules, and other hardware).

[0019] IV. Optional portable display and control terminal: such as a rugged tablet computer or notebook, connected to the shore-based control center wirelessly (such as WiFi, Bluetooth or dedicated wireless link) or wiredly to provide a mobile monitoring and operation interface.

[0020] V. Shore Station Core Software: The shore station core software runs on the core processor unit and / or enhanced processing unit of the shore-based control center. Its user interface can run on a portable display and control terminal or a display connected via a basic display and control interface module. In addition to providing basic functions such as mission planning, status monitoring, remote operation control, and data display, its core innovation lies in the integration of the following functional modules:

[0021] Multi-dimensional status perception module: Continuously monitors the real-time dynamic parameters (such as signal strength indicator RSSI, signal-to-noise ratio SNR, bit error rate BER, round-trip time RTT, available bandwidth) and static attributes (such as communication cost rate, nominal bandwidth) of all available communication links (built-in and accessed through universal expansion interfaces), and actively obtains or passively receives key status information (such as remaining battery power, current mission stage and priority, type and size of data to be transmitted, etc.) from the maritime unmanned autonomous system;

[0022] Communication Link Intelligent Decision Engine: Receives multi-dimensional status information from the multi-dimensional status perception module and, based on preset or dynamically adjusted communication strategies (e.g., "lowest cost," "lowest latency," "highest reliability," "lowest energy consumption," or a combination based on mission requirements), runs optimization algorithms (e.g., based on weighted scoring, fuzzy logic, or machine learning prediction models) to calculate the comprehensive utility score of each available link (or link combination) and outputs the currently optimal communication link selection recommendation (which may be a single link or a combination of links for different types of data offload).

[0023] Link seamless switching execution unit: Automatically executes communication link configuration, establishment, switching, and disconnection operations based on the decision output of the communication link intelligent decision engine. A "make-before-break" mechanism is preferably adopted to ensure that the switching process minimizes the impact on the continuity of upper-layer applications and data flows.

[0024] Shore-based edge data processing module group: A series of software processing units that can be configured and run on demand in the shore-based control center (especially using acceleration); including but not limited to: data format decoding and standardization, adaptive data compression / dimensionality reduction, task-specific feature extraction (such as target outlines in images, spectral characteristics of acoustic signals), multi-source data fusion (such as fusing MUAS status with sensor data), and lightweight intelligent analysis modules (such as rapid target screening, abnormal event detection, and critical parameter threshold alarms based on rule engines or pre-trained AI models). This module group processes the data before further transmission or submission to operators to extract high-value information;

[0025] Dynamic function loading and management mechanism: It can automatically detect adapter modules inserted or removed through the universal extension interface, identify their types and provided functions (obtained through predefined descriptors or protocol interactions), dynamically load corresponding drivers, function libraries or application plug-ins on demand, and seamlessly integrate the newly added functions (whether new communication links or new task processing capabilities) into the workflow and user interface of the shore station software, realizing plug-and-play reconstruction of shore-based system functions;

[0026] Task Template Management: This module allows users to create, save, edit, and load task templates. Each task template defines a set of system configurations for a specific task type, including the preferred communication strategy, the edge data processing processes to be enabled and their parameters, and the required or recommended dedicated task processing adapter modules.

[0027] The shore station software realizes adaptive intelligent optimization and dynamic seamless switching of multiple communication links through its integrated state perception module, intelligent decision engine and link switching execution unit.

[0028] The shore-based control center uses its processing resources and runs the edge data processing module group and intelligent analysis module in the shore station software to perform localized edge computing and preliminary intelligent analysis on the data received from the unmanned autonomous system at sea.

[0029] Through its universal expansion interface, pluggable communication adapter module and dedicated task processing adapter module, combined with the dynamic function loading and management mechanism and task template management module in the shore station software, this system realizes on-demand dynamic reconstruction of shore-based system functions to efficiently adapt to diverse maritime mission requirements.

[0030] A shore-based control method for an unmanned autonomous system at sea, the method being implemented by the above-mentioned control system, comprises the following steps:

[0031] S1. The operator deploys the system at the shore base station and starts the shore station software. The operator selects or loads a mission template, such as "Offshore Environmental Monitoring," which sets the communication strategy to "Balanced Mode" and enables edge processing for anomaly detection of basic data (temperature, salinity, and depth).

[0032] S2. After the system is started, it starts to monitor all available links (assuming Beidou and 4G are available); based on real-time signal quality, cost, and strategy, it selects 4G as the primary data link and Beidou as the backup and command link.

[0033] S3: MUAS begins its mission and transmits data back. As temperature, salinity, and depth data flow through the shore-based control center, shore-based edge processing performs real-time monitoring. If data points are found to continuously exceed the preset reasonable range, an abnormal alarm is triggered and highlighted on the shore station core software interface.

[0034] S4. If the MUAS sails away from the shore and the 4G signal weakens, the clear display status perception module detects the change, the intelligent decision engine re-evaluates and decides to switch the primary data link to Beidou (assuming its signal is good), and the link switching execution unit performs a seamless switch;

[0035] S5: The mission requires high-resolution sonar scanning of a specific area. The operator inserts a sonar post-processing acceleration module through the universal expansion interface as needed. The dynamic function loading and management mechanism detects, loads, and integrates the module's functions. New sonar image processing and display tools appear in the shore station software interface, allowing system functions to be dynamically expanded to adapt to the new mission phase.

[0036] S6. After the mission is completed, the operator can use the portable display controller to check the status of the MUAS and perform preliminary data download near the dock (possibly through the WiFi mode of the broadband wireless transmission module or the wired connection of the wired connection interface).

[0037] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] 1. Improve communication efficiency and reliability: Through intelligent decision-making and dynamic link switching based on multi-dimensional factors, communication resource utilization is optimized in real time, significantly enhancing communication continuity, reliability, and data transmission efficiency in complex and dynamically changing environments, and helping to control communication costs.

[0039] 2. Reduce the burden of data transmission and accelerate information response: Shore-based edge computing capabilities effectively pre-process, extract features, and intelligently analyze raw data locally to extract key information. This significantly reduces the amount of data that needs to be transmitted over limited bandwidth, shortens the latency from data generation to obtaining decision-support information, and improves situational awareness efficiency.

[0040] 3. Flexible reconfiguration of system functions and mission adaptability: Based on standardized universal extension interfaces and a dynamic loading mechanism, shore-based systems are no longer fixed-function units. Instead, they can be plugged and played to integrate the required specialized hardware processing capabilities (via dedicated task processing adapter modules) based on specific mission requirements, allowing for rapid reconfiguration of their own functions to match specific tasks. This significantly improves the system's mission adaptability, scalability, and lifecycle value.

[0041] 4. Enhanced system integration and intelligence: Deeply integrating advanced technologies such as multi-mode communication management, intelligent link optimization, edge intelligent processing, dynamic function reconstruction, and portable mobile control into a unified platform, significantly improving the overall intelligence, automation, and operational efficiency of the shore-based system;

[0042] 5. Improved operational convenience and reduced deployment costs: The optional portable display and control terminal facilitates on-site deployment, commissioning, and emergency operations. The modular and dynamically reconfigurable design concept reduces the cost and time required to customize or modify shore-based systems to suit different missions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the shore-based control system;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core workflow of the shore-based control system;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main functional modules and their interactive relationships within the core software of the shore station;

[0047] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of connecting different types of adapter modules to the universal extension interface;

[0048] Markings in the figure: 100-shore-based control center; 110-core processor unit; 115-enhanced processing unit; 120-internal data exchange module; 130-energy management module; 140-basic display and control interface module; 150-satellite communication terminal; 160-radio communication module; 170-broadband wireless transmission module; 180-underwater acoustic communication interface module; 190-wired connection interface; 195-universal expansion interface; 197-communication adapter module; 198-dedicated task processing adapter module; 198a-RTK module; 198b-underwater acoustic processing module; 198c-AIS module;

[0049] 200-Maritime Unmanned Autonomous Systems;

[0050] 300- portable display and control terminal;

[0051] 400-Shore station core software; 401-Multi-dimensional state perception module; 402-Communication link intelligent decision-making engine; 403-Link seamless switching execution unit; 404-Shore-based edge data processing module group; 405-Lightweight intelligent analysis module; 406-Dynamic function loading and management mechanism; 410-Task template management module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 , a shore-based control system for unmanned autonomous systems at sea;

[0054] It is built around a shore-based control center 100. The shore-based control center 100 is usually implemented based on a rugged industrial-grade computer or embedded system platform, with a built-in core processor (such as Intel Core i7 / i9 series, or ARM Cortex-A series SoC) responsible for running the shore station core software 400 and processing routine tasks. For edge processing tasks that require high-intensity computing (such as real-time video analysis, complex acoustic processing), an enhanced processing unit 115 can be configured, such as NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX / AGX Orin (GPU+AI acceleration) or Xilinx Versal ACAP (FPGA+AI engine). Internal data exchange uses a high-speed bus (such as PCIe) or Ethernet switching structure to ensure data path. Energy management is responsible for power supply and possible backup power switching. The basic display and control interface

[140] provides an interface for connecting a fixed display, keyboard and mouse.

[0055] The system integrates multiple communication methods. For example, the Beidou / Tiantong integrated terminal provides two independent satellite links simultaneously. A shortwave radio is used for beyond-line-of-sight, low-speed communications. A 4G / 5G module or high-power WiFi broadband wireless transmission module 170 is used for near-shore high-speed data transmission. An underwater acoustic communication device is connected via the underwater acoustic communication device interface module 180. A wired connection interface 190 is used for commissioning or dock connection.

[0056] The key lies in the universal expansion interface 195. The physical layer of this interface can use USB 3.x Type-C (supporting data, power, and even video output) or a Gigabit / 10 Gigabit Ethernet port (RJ45 or SFP+). Its upper-layer protocol stack must be standardized, for example, based on TCP / IP and defining device discovery (such as mDNS / Bonjour or specific broadcast protocols), capability description (such as providing device description files in XML or JSON format), and data interaction APIs (such as messages based on RESTful APIs, MQTT, or Protobuf).

[0057] The portable display and control terminal 300 (such as Panasonic Toughbook, Getac and other rugged tablets) runs the user interface part of the shore station software and is connected wirelessly via WiFi or a dedicated data transmission radio to facilitate on-site operation.

[0058] The core software 400 of the shore station is the "brain" of this system. Its embodiment function module (refer to Figure 3 ) The specific working method is as follows:

[0059] 1. Intelligent link optimization and switching:

[0060] Status awareness queries the status of each communication module driver or interface to obtain link quality parameters (such as reading C / N0 values ​​from the satellite terminal, RSSI / SINR from the wireless module, pinging to test RTT, and monitoring actual throughput). It also receives status update packets from the MUAS (including battery percentage, mission criticality indicator, and pending data queue information) and combines them with pre-set cost information (such as per-MB traffic fee).

[0061] The communication link intelligent decision engine 402 can be implemented as a multi-objective optimization module. For example, a weighted scoring method is used to assign weights to factors such as reliability, bandwidth, latency, cost, and MUAS power consumption based on the current communication strategy (selected through the shore station core software 400 interface, such as "Patrol Monitoring - Balanced Mode") to calculate the overall score for each link:

[0062] Score=w1*f(Reliability)+w2*f(Bandwidth)+w3*f(1 / Latency)

[0063] +w4*f(1 / Cost)+w5*f(MUAS Power_Factor )

[0064] The engine selects the highest-scoring link for primary communication, or it can prioritize traffic based on data type (e.g., control signaling uses the most reliable link, large files use the highest bandwidth / lowest cost link). The strategy can be adjusted dynamically. For example, when the MUAS battery level falls below 20%, it automatically switches to an "energy-saving priority" strategy, giving higher weight to low-power links (e.g., Beidou short messages).

[0065] The link seamless switching execution unit 403 receives instructions from the communication link intelligent decision engine 402 and calls the underlying communication interface management function. If a link is switched, it first attempts to establish a new link connection, confirms that it is stable, then disconnects the old link and updates the routing table or data forwarding rules, making it as transparent as possible to upper-layer applications.

[0066] 2. Shore edge treatment:

[0067] When the video stream is transmitted to the shore-based control center 100 through the broadband wireless transmission module 170, if the user configures the "video target detection" task in the shore-based core software 400, the video decoding unit in the shore-based edge data processing module group 404 first processes the data and then sends it to the lightweight intelligent analysis module 405 (such as the YOLOv5 / v7 model loaded) running on the enhanced processing unit 115 (GPU). When a suspicious target is detected (such as an unidentified ship), the lightweight intelligent analysis module 405 extracts metadata such as target screenshots, location, time, etc., generates an alarm event, and displays it on the shore-based core software 400 interface first and may be reported through a high-reliability link (such as a Beidou short message). The original video can be selectively stored locally or transmitted with low priority compression.

[0068] Similarly, the underwater acoustic data can be accessed through the underwater acoustic communication interface module 180, and the sound spectrum analysis (such as LOFAR) and feature extraction in the shore-based edge data processing module group 404 can be run on the shore-based control center 100 or the enhanced processing unit 115. The classifier in the lightweight intelligent analysis module 405 (such as based on SVM or simple neural network) can then identify specific sound patterns (such as specific types of ship noise) and make preliminary judgments.

[0069] 3. Dynamic function reconstruction:

[0070] Reference Figure 4 Assume a high-precision seafloor mapping mission is underway. Based on the mission requirements, the operator selects and loads the "High-Precision Mapping" mission template management module 410. This template prompts the operator to connect an RTK base station and adapt the RTK module 198a. The operator plugs this module (which has a built-in GNSS receiver and RTK solution engine, and is available via USB or Ethernet) into the universal expansion port 195.

[0071] The dynamic function loading and management mechanism 406 detects the new RTK module 198a through USB device enumeration or network discovery protocols. It reads the device description and identifies it as an "RTK base station service module." The system automatically loads the corresponding driver and function plug-in (such as an RTK service management application).

[0072] The shore-based core software 400 automatically displays tabs or windows for RTK base station configuration, status monitoring, and differential data broadcast management. The shore-based system is now capable of providing real-time, high-precision differential corrections to the MUAS, completing the dynamic reconfiguration of its functionality.

[0073] After the mission is complete, RTK module 198a is removed, and dynamic function loading and management mechanism 406 uninstalls the relevant drivers and plug-ins, restoring the interface. To perform underwater search missions, an underwater acoustic processing module 198b (e.g., with a dedicated DSP or FPGA to execute more complex beamforming, detection, and tracking algorithms) can be inserted, and dynamic function loading and management mechanism 406 will load the corresponding underwater acoustic processing software functions.

[0074] A shore-based control method for an unmanned autonomous system at sea, the method being implemented by the above-mentioned control system, comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1. The operator deploys the system at the shore base station and starts the shore station software. The operator selects or loads a mission template, such as "Offshore Environmental Monitoring," which sets the communication strategy to "Balanced Mode" and enables edge processing for anomaly detection of basic data (temperature, salinity, and depth).

[0076] S2. After the system is started, it starts to monitor all available links (assuming Beidou and 4G are available); based on real-time signal quality, cost, and strategy, it selects 4G as the primary data link and Beidou as the backup and command link.

[0077] S3. MUAS begins executing its mission and transmitting data back. As temperature, salinity, and depth data flow through the shore-based control center 100, shore-based edge processing performs real-time monitoring. If data points are found to continuously exceed the preset reasonable range, an abnormal alarm is triggered and highlighted on the shore station core software 400 interface.

[0078] S4. If the MUAS sails away from the shore and the 4G signal weakens, the clear display status perception module detects the change, the intelligent decision engine re-evaluates and decides to switch the primary data link to Beidou (assuming its signal is good), and the link switching execution unit performs a seamless switch;

[0079] S5. The mission requires a high-resolution sonar scan of a specific area. The operator inserts a sonar post-processing acceleration module through the universal expansion interface 195 as needed. The dynamic function loading and management mechanism 406 detects, loads, and integrates the module's functions. New sonar image processing and display tools appear in the shore station software interface, allowing system functionality to be dynamically expanded to accommodate the new mission phase.

[0080] S6. After the mission is completed, the operator can use the portable display controller to check the status of the MUAS and perform preliminary data download near the dock (possibly through the WiFi mode of the broadband wireless transmission module 170 or the wired connection of the wired connection interface 190).

[0081] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shore-based control system for a maritime unmanned autonomous system, comprising: Ⅰ. Shore-based control center; The shore-based control center is equipped with a core processor unit and an optional enhanced processing unit for executing control logic and data processing; II. At least two different types of built-in communication interface modules; the built-in communication interface modules are connected to the shore-based control center and are used to establish communication connections with the unmanned autonomous maritime system through different physical channels; III. At least one universal expansion interface; the universal expansion interface has a standardized electrical interface, data exchange protocol, and software application program interface, and is configured to be pluggable and connectable not only to a communication adapter module for newly added communication modes, but also to a dedicated task processing adapter module for implementing specific non-communication task processing functions; IV. Core software of shore station; The shore station core software runs on the shore-based control center; The invention is characterized in that: the shore station core software includes a communication link intelligent decision engine, which is configured to automatically calculate and select one or more currently optimal communication links or a combination thereof based on multi-dimensional input information obtained from the multi-dimensional state perception module, including at least real-time quality parameters, static attributes, communication costs, state information of the unmanned autonomous maritime system, and characteristics of the data to be transmitted of each available communication link, and in accordance with a preset or dynamically adjusted communication strategy; and the shore station core software further includes a link seamless switching execution unit, which is configured to automatically execute dynamic switching of the communication link according to the output result of the intelligent decision engine; The shore-based control center has shore-based edge computing capabilities, and by running the shore-based edge data processing module group in the shore station core software, performs at least one local processing on part or all of the data received from the unmanned autonomous maritime system before further transmitting the data to the backend or presenting it to the user, wherein the processing is selected from the group consisting of: data decoding and standardization, data compression or dimensionality reduction, task-related feature extraction, multi-source data fusion, or lightweight intelligent analysis based on rules or models for preliminary information extraction or event detection; The system has the ability to dynamically reconfigure functions, which is achieved through the universal expansion interface and pluggable dedicated task processing adapter module hardware, combined with the dynamic function loading and management mechanism contained in the shore station core software; the mechanism can automatically detect and identify the type of adapter module connected to the interface and its function, and dynamically load the corresponding driver and application functions, seamlessly integrating the new functions into the system workflow and user interface, thereby realizing on-demand reconstruction of shore-based system functions to adapt to different maritime tasks.

2. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The built-in communication interface module includes at least one Beidou / Tiantong integrated satellite communication terminal, which provides the intelligent decision-making engine with at least two communication link options based on different satellite systems.

3. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a portable display and control terminal; the portable display and control terminal is connected to the shore-based control center in a wireless or wired manner, and runs the user interface part of the shore station core software or serves as its remote display and control device.

4. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enhanced processing unit configured in the shore-based control center is at least one of a graphics processing unit, a field programmable gate array or an artificial intelligence accelerator, which is specifically used to accelerate the execution of computationally intensive tasks in the shore-based edge data processing module group.

5. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-dimensional input information used by the intelligent decision engine for decision-making also includes the remaining energy status of the unmanned maritime autonomous system, and the communication strategy includes at least one strategy that takes energy efficiency into consideration.

6. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lightweight intelligent analysis performed by the shore-based edge data processing module group includes: real-time target detection, classification or recognition of received image or video data; or spectrum analysis, feature extraction and identification or classification of specific sound source events of received acoustic data.

7. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dedicated task processing adaptation module is selected from at least one of the following: an RTK base station solution module for providing high-precision differential positioning services, a module for real-time processing of underwater acoustic signals of a specific frequency band or type, a calculation module for localized operation of a numerical model of the ocean environment, a module for connecting and processing shore-based AIS receiver data, a module for connecting to meteorological sensors and performing data fusion processing, or a hardware interface module for system simulation and testing.

8. The shore-based control system for an unmanned autonomous marine system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shore station core software also includes a task template management module that allows users to create, save, load and manage task templates, where each task template defines a set of system configuration parameters for a specific task type, which include at least the preferred communication strategy, the edge processing process and parameter configuration that need to be enabled, and a list of dedicated task processing adapter modules that are recommended or required to be connected.

9. A shore-based control method for an unmanned autonomous system at sea, characterized by: The method is implemented using the shore-based control system for a maritime unmanned autonomous system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the steps are as follows: S1. Start and run the shore station core software; S2. The multi-dimensional state perception module in the shore station core software continuously acquires multi-dimensional information including the communication link status, the maritime unmanned autonomous system status and the mission requirements; S3, the communication link intelligent decision engine automatically calculates and determines the currently optimal one or more communication links or a combination thereof based on the information obtained in step S2 and the current communication strategy; S4. Establishing or switching to the optimal communication link determined in step S3 through the link seamless switching execution unit, and maintaining a communication connection with the unmanned autonomous maritime system; S5. Sending control instructions to the unmanned autonomous maritime system through the selected communication link and receiving feedback data from the system; S6. Performing localized edge computing or lightweight intelligent analysis and processing on part or all of the feedback data received from the unmanned autonomous maritime system using a shore-based edge data processing module group at the shore-based control center; S7. Presenting the original data or the information processed in step S6 and the analysis results to the user on the user interface of the shore station core software; S8. According to the current or upcoming task requirements, the corresponding dedicated task processing adaptation module can be selectively connected or removed through the universal extension interface; when the module is connected, the dynamic function loading and management mechanism of the shore station core software automatically identifies the module function, dynamically loads and integrates its function into the system, thereby reconstructing the task execution capability of the shore-based system.

10. The shore-based control method for a maritime unmanned autonomous system according to claim 9, characterized in that: After step S1 or before the task starts, the step is also included: according to the user operation, the predefined task template is loaded through the task template management module, and the loading operation automatically completes the setting or checking of the system communication strategy, edge processing task configuration and the required expansion module functional status.

Images