Mechanization device and method of alfalfa underground drip irrigation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system, and relates to the technical field of alfalfa planting. A driving part, a drip irrigation tape cutting assembly, a ditching cutter chain assembly, a hydraulic lifting adjusting assembly, a hose arranging assembly, a hose deviation prevention guiding assembly, an earthing baffle and a baffle adjusting assembly are sequentially arranged on the traction frame. According to the mechanical device and method for the alfalfa underground drip irrigation system, the drip irrigation belt burying depth, spacing, dripper flow and root invasion resistance measures are reasonably planned by combining the alfalfa root growth characteristics and field operation requirements, so that efficient utilization of water and fertilizer is ensured, follow-up mechanical operation is adapted, and the economic benefit is improved. And a support is provided for efficient production of alfalfa planting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alfalfa planting, in particular to a mechanized device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system. Background Art

[0002] The efficient installation of underground drip irrigation systems for alfalfa is crucial for improving the irrigation efficiency and economic benefits of forage cultivation. Currently, although corresponding mechanical equipment is available for each operational link of the drip irrigation system, the overall operation mode still lacks systematization and integration, resulting in a fragmented construction process and loose connections, which affects the promotion and application of the drip irrigation system and its long-term operation effect. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fully mechanized underground drip irrigation planting model for alfalfa. Combined with integrated mechanical equipment, it allows for the simultaneous completion of trenching, drip tape cutting, branch pipe laying, and soil backfilling, thereby improving operational efficiency, reducing labor costs, and optimizing the drip irrigation system's operating process to achieve water conservation, increased production, and modern agricultural development.

[0003] At present, many experts and scholars have also conducted some research on these issues. For example, Zhang Lei proposed a device for laying alfalfa shallow buried water-saving drip irrigation tape planting mode (patent number: CN202222693521.2). This device integrates a mounting frame, guide wheels, and soil covering components to achieve precise laying and covering of drip irrigation tapes, improve work efficiency, and reduce the risk of damage to the drip irrigation tapes. Yang Benpeng disclosed a ditching, soil covering, pipe laying, and film covering all-in-one machine (patent number: CN201720897424.1) that can complete ditching, soil covering, laying drip irrigation pipes, and covering ground film in one go, improving work efficiency and reducing manual operations. Zhao Xinping proposed a traction-type ridge-forming, ditching, film-laying, and soil-covering combined operation machine (patent number: CN201210161633.1) that can simultaneously complete ridge-forming, ditching, film-laying, and soil covering. It is flexible in operation and suitable for the construction of farmland drip irrigation systems.

[0004] However, these technologies still have some common limitations. For example, the laying process of the drip irrigation system lacks overall optimization. Most equipment is only applicable to local links and cannot form a complete closed loop from laying the drip tape to laying the branch pipes, covering the soil and then to field management operations, which affects the construction efficiency and the long-term stability of the drip irrigation system. The automatic cutting of the drip tape cannot be achieved, and manual operation is still required during the laying of the drip irrigation system, resulting in cumbersome operation processes and increased labor costs. The laying of the drip irrigation branch pipes is not fully integrated with the trenching and covering operations. Although each step can be completed separately, manual connection is still required, making it difficult to achieve fully automated installation, affecting operation efficiency and large-scale promotion. These shortcomings limit the promotion and application of underground drip irrigation technology in large-scale alfalfa cultivation.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention proposes a mechanized device and method for an underground drip irrigation system for alfalfa. By optimizing the layout of the underground drip irrigation system for alfalfa and adopting a step-by-step mechanized operation process, the laying of drip tapes, trenching, drip tape cutting, branch pipe laying and soil backfilling are completed in sequence to ensure efficient installation and stable operation of the drip irrigation system. This device integrates functions such as trenching, drip tape cutting, precise laying of branch pipes and soil backfilling to achieve synchronous connection of various operation links, improve construction efficiency, reduce manual intervention, and reduce operation costs. After the system is laid, spraying, harvesting and other operations are carried out according to the field management path to improve management efficiency. This model is suitable for large-scale alfalfa planting, optimizes the construction process of the drip irrigation system, and provides an efficient and low-cost full-process mechanized planting solution for alfalfa. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanized device and method for an underground drip irrigation system for alfalfa, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a mechanized device for an underground drip irrigation system for alfalfa, comprising a traction frame, on which are sequentially provided a driving member, a drip tape cutting assembly, a trenching knife chain assembly, a hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly, a hose drainage assembly, a hose anti-deflection guide assembly, a soil covering baffle, and a baffle adjusting assembly;

[0008] The driving member is connected to the trenching knife chain assembly through a transmission chain. The drip irrigation tape cutting assembly is arranged below the trenching knife chain assembly. The trenching knife chain assembly is connected to the hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly. The hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the traction frame.

[0009] The hose pipe assembly, the hose anti-deflection guide assembly and the soil covering baffle are arranged at the tail end of the traction frame, and the soil covering baffle is connected to the traction frame through the baffle adjustment assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the grooving knife chain assembly includes a connecting frame, which is rotatably connected to the traction frame, and two sets of gear groups are connected to the connecting frame. The two sets of gear groups are connected by a rotating shaft, and two grooving chains are connected to the two sets of gear groups, and a number of grooving blades are provided on the two grooving chains.

[0011] Preferably, each group of the gear sets includes gear 1, gear 2 and gear 3, gear 3 is arranged above the connecting frame, gear 1 and gear 2 are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the connecting frame, and one side of the gear 1 is connected to a driven gear through a transmission shaft, the driven gear is connected to the driving gear through the transmission chain, and the driving gear is connected to the outside of the driving member.

[0012] Preferably, the hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the traction frame through a hinge block, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a sleeve rod, the sleeve rod is connected to one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the trenching soil baffle, and the trenching soil baffle is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

[0013] Preferably, the hose pipe assembly includes a pipe-discharging shaft connected to the traction frame, a limit plate is symmetrically provided on the pipe-discharging shaft, one end of the pipe-discharging shaft is connected to a motor 1, the motor 1 is provided on a support plate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the traction frame;

[0014] A braided soft belt branch pipe is wound around the pipe arrangement shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the hose anti-deflection guide assembly includes a guide shaft connected below the traction frame, two guide plates are symmetrically arranged on the guide shaft, and the braided soft belt branch pipe passes through between the two guide plates.

[0016] Preferably, the baffle adjustment assembly includes an adjusting screw and an adjusting box, the adjusting box is provided with a long hole, the long hole is passed through by a fixing rod, one end of the fixing rod is sleeved and connected to the adjusting screw, the other end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the soil covering baffle, and a tightening plate is provided on a side of the fixing rod close to the adjusting screw, and the tightening plate is in close contact with the adjusting box;

[0017] The upper end of the adjusting screw passes through the traction frame, and the upper and lower ends of the adjusting screw are both provided with limiting pieces.

[0018] Preferably, the drip irrigation tape cutting assembly includes a cutting shaft, both ends of the cutting shaft are connected to the bottom of the traction frame through connecting plates, a cutting knife is fixedly provided at the middle position of the cutting shaft, one end of the cutting shaft is connected to motor 2, and motor 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of driven wheels are provided at the middle section of the traction frame.

[0020] A method for mechanizing an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system comprises the following steps:

[0021] Step S1, determining the burial depth and layout method of the drip irrigation tape;

[0022] Step S2: Optimizing the anti-root invasion and pipeline flushing of the drip irrigation belt;

[0023] Step S3: laying the drip irrigation tape;

[0024] Step S4: After the drip irrigation tape is laid, trenching is performed;

[0025] Step S5: When the device reaches the end point of the trenching operation, the drip irrigation tape is cut, the branch pipe is laid, and the soil covering operation is performed;

[0026] Step S6: After the drip irrigation system is laid out, the agricultural machinery routes are reasonably arranged according to the field management paths.

[0027] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned mechanized device and method of the alfalfa underground drip irrigation system, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) The present invention proposes an optimized layout scheme for the underground drip irrigation system of alfalfa. Combining the root growth characteristics of alfalfa and the requirements of field operations, the invention rationally plans the burial depth, spacing, dripper flow rate and anti-root invasion measures of the drip irrigation belt to ensure efficient use of water and fertilizer, and adapt to subsequent mechanized operations, providing support for the efficient production of alfalfa planting, and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

[0029] (2) The present invention proposes a fully mechanized planting model for underground drip irrigation of alfalfa. Through a step-by-step mechanized operation process, the drip irrigation tape is first laid to ensure uniform irrigation. Then, a trenching, pipe cutting and backfilling integrated machine is used to simultaneously complete the trenching, drip irrigation tape cutting, branch pipe laying and soil covering operations, optimize the connection between each link, improve the continuity and efficiency of the operation, and finally combine it with field management to ensure precise control of water and fertilizer, thereby improving the overall benefit and sustainability of alfalfa planting.

[0030] (3) The present invention has developed an all-in-one machine for trenching, pipe cutting, laying and backfilling of underground drip irrigation for alfalfa, which integrates the functions of trenching, automatic cutting of drip irrigation tapes, precise laying of branch pipes and soil covering and backfilling, so that each operation link can be completed synchronously, reducing equipment switching and manual operation, improving the fluency and accuracy of construction, and realizing the full mechanization of drip irrigation system laying.

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a mechanized device and method for an underground drip irrigation system for alfalfa according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a drip tape cutting assembly of a mechanized device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a trenching knife chain assembly of a mechanized device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly of a mechanized device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a hose and pipe assembly of a mechanized device and method for underground drip irrigation of alfalfa according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a baffle adjustment assembly of a mechanized device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation flow of a mechanized device and method for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 1: Tractor body; 2: Traction frame; 21: Driven wheel; 3: Driving member; 4: Drip tape cutting assembly; 41: Cutting shaft; 42: Cutting knife; 43: Motor 2; 44: Connecting plate; 5: Grooving knife chain assembly; 51: Connecting frame; 52: Grooving chain; 521: Grooving blade; 53: Gear 1; 54: Gear 2; 55: Gear 3; 56: Driven gear; 57: Transmission chain; 6: Hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly; 61: Hydraulic cylinder ; 62. Sleeve rod; 63. Connecting rod; 64. Trenching soil baffle; 7. Hose drainage assembly; 71. Drainage shaft; 72. Limiting plate; 73. Motor 1; 74. Support plate; 8. Hose anti-deflection guide assembly; 81. Guide shaft; 82. Guide plate; 9. Soil covering baffle; 10. Baffle adjustment assembly; 101. Adjusting box; 102. Adjusting screw; 103. Long hole; 104. Fixing rod; 105. Tightening plate; 106. Limiting piece; 11. Braided soft belt branch pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0042] Example

[0043] See also Figure 1-7 The present invention provides a mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system, comprising a traction frame 2 equipped with a drive element 3, a drip tape cutting assembly 4, a trenching knife chain assembly 5, a hydraulic lift adjustment assembly 6, a hose drainage assembly 7, a hose anti-deflection guide assembly 8, a soil covering baffle 9, and a baffle adjustment assembly 10. The traction frame 2 is towed by a tractor body 1, and a plurality of driven wheels 21 are provided at the middle portion of the traction frame 2.

[0044] The driving member 3 is provided at the head end of the traction frame 2 and is connected to the drip irrigation tape cutting assembly 4 and the trenching knife chain assembly 5 through a transmission chain. The trenching knife chain assembly 5 is connected to the hydraulic lifting and adjustment assembly 6, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the traction frame 2. The rear end of the traction frame 2 is provided with a hose pipe assembly 7, a hose anti-deflection guide assembly 8, and a soil covering baffle 9. The soil covering baffle 9 is connected to the traction frame via a baffle adjustment assembly 10.

[0045] The drip irrigation tape cutting assembly 4 includes a cutting shaft 41, both ends of which are connected to the bottom of the traction frame 2 through a connecting plate 44. A cutting blade 42 is fixedly provided at the middle of the cutting shaft 41. One end of the cutting shaft 41 is connected to a second motor 43, which is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 44. When it is necessary to cut the braided soft tape branch 11, the second motor 43 is started, and the output end of the second motor 43 drives the cutting shaft 41 to rotate, thereby driving the cutting blade 42 to rotate and cut.

[0046] The trenching knife chain assembly 5 includes a connecting frame 51, which is rotatably connected to the traction frame 2. Two gear sets are connected to the connecting frame 51, connected by a rotating shaft. Two trenching chains 52 are connected to the two gear sets, each equipped with a plurality of trenching blades 521. Each gear set includes gear 1 53, gear 2 54, and gear 3 55. Gear 3 55 is located above the connecting frame 51. Gear 1 53 and gear 2 54 are located at the front and rear ends of the connecting frame 51, respectively. One side of gear 1 53 is connected to a driven gear 56 via a transmission shaft. Driven gear 56 is connected to a driving gear via a transmission chain 57, which is connected to the exterior of the drive member 3. The drive member 3 is a servo motor. The drive member 3 drives the driving gear 56 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear sets, rotating the trenching chains 52 and causing the trenching blades 521 to perform trenching operations.

[0047] The hydraulic lifting and adjustment assembly 6 includes a hydraulic cylinder 61, one end of which is hingedly connected to the traction frame 2 via an articulated block. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to a sleeve rod 62, which is connected to one end of a connecting rod 63. The other end of the connecting rod 63 is connected to a trenching soil baffle 64, which is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 51. When the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 61 extends, the connecting rod 63 moves downward, causing the connected trenching soil baffle 64 to move accordingly, allowing the trenching knife chain assembly 5 to be lowered for trenching operations. Conversely, when the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 61 shortens, the connecting rod 63 moves upward, causing the trenching knife chain assembly 5 to be raised to stop trenching operations. The hydraulic lifting and adjustment assembly 6 can also adjust the trenching depth of the trenching knife chain assembly 5, and the adjustment method is as described above.

[0048] The hose assembly 7 includes a hose shaft 71 connected to the traction frame 2. A limit plate 72 is symmetrically positioned on the shaft 71. One end of the shaft 71 is connected to a motor 73, which is mounted on a support plate 74, which is fixedly attached to the traction frame 2. The braided flexible branch tube 11 is wrapped around the shaft 71. When motor 73 is activated, its output drives the shaft 71 to rotate, unwinding the braided flexible branch tube 11 for installation. Motor 73 controls the speed of the hose, thereby ensuring smooth unwinding, preventing kinks or sudden tension during installation, which could affect the quality of the drip irrigation system.

[0049] The hose anti-deviation guide assembly 8 includes a guide shaft 81 connected to the bottom of the traction frame 2. Two guide plates 82 are symmetrically arranged on the guide shaft 81. The braided flexible pipe 11 passes between the two guide plates 82. The two guide plates 82 limit the position of the braided flexible pipe 11 and continuously adjust the position of the braided flexible pipe 11 to prevent the pipe from shifting or misaligning due to uneven terrain or shaking of the device. This ensures the straight installation of the drip irrigation pipe and improves the stability and durability of the irrigation system.

[0050] The baffle adjustment assembly 10 includes an adjustment screw 102 and an adjustment box 101. The adjustment box 101 is provided with an elongated hole 103, through which a fixed rod 104 passes. One end of the fixed rod 104 is sleeved and connected to the adjustment screw 102, and the other end of the fixed rod 104 is fixedly connected to the soil covering baffle 9. A tightening plate 105 is provided on the side of the fixed rod 104 near the adjustment screw 102, and the tightening plate 105 is tightly attached to the adjustment box 101. The upper end of the adjustment screw 102 passes through the traction frame 2, and the upper and lower ends of the adjustment screw 102 are provided with limit members 106. The limit members 106 are fixed nuts that are connected to the adjustment screw 102 through threads. When the height of the soil covering baffle 9 needs to be changed, the fixed rod 104 is moved upward to the appropriate height, and the tightening plate 105 is again tightened against the adjustment box 101, and the lower fixing nut is moved upward to below the fixed rod 104. The height of the soil covering baffle 9 is changed by changing the position of the fixing rod 104 in the long hole 103, and the adjustment method is as above.

[0051] In order to realize the full mechanization installation of the drip irrigation system, improve the working efficiency and reduce the labor cost, the present invention integrates the ditching, automatic cutting of the drip irrigation belt, branch pipe laying and soil covering into one device, as shown in the detailed figure. Figure 1 The specific operation process is as follows:

[0052] (1) Ditching and drip irrigation tape cutting

[0053] Before the operation begins, the hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly 6 adjusts the trenching depth of the trenching knife chain assembly 5 to ensure that the trench depth is 10-15cm. After the device is started, the trenching knife chain assembly 5 rotates at high speed driven by the driving member 3, cutting the soil and forming a trench. At the same time, the trenching soil baffle 64 pushes the soil on both sides of the trench to ensure that the trench edge is neat and prevents the soil from falling back and affecting subsequent operations. When the device runs to the end of the operation, the hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly 6 controls the trenching knife chain assembly 5 to rise, and the device turns around and enters the drip tape laying stage. At this time, the motor 2 43 of the drip tape cutting assembly 4 starts to drive the cutting knife 42 to cut the drip tape, reducing manual shearing, improving operation continuity, and providing convenience for the laying of the new drip irrigation system.

[0054] (2) Hose laying and installation

[0055] After the trenching is completed, the motor 73 controls the smooth unwinding of the hose to prevent the hose from getting tangled or suddenly tightened during the laying process, which affects the laying quality of the drip irrigation system. The prefabricated hole braided soft belt branch pipe 11 enters the groove to ensure the accurate burial position. At the same time, the hose anti-deflection guide assembly 8 continuously adjusts the hose position to prevent the pipeline from being offset or misplaced due to terrain undulations or device shaking, thereby ensuring the straight laying of the drip irrigation branch pipe and improving the stability and durability of the irrigation system.

[0056] (3) Backfill

[0057] Once the branch pipes are laid, the baffle adjustment assembly 10 adjusts the height of the covering baffle 9 according to the required burial depth. The covering baffle 9 refills the trench with soil pushed away by the trenching baffle 64, evenly covering the drip irrigation branch pipes and preventing them from being exposed or buried too deep, which could affect the drip irrigation effect. The driven wheel 21 ensures that the device remains stable during operation, improving laying accuracy and ensuring a more uniform covering process. As the tractor pulls the device forward, soil gradually fills the trench, completing the initial covering operation, ensuring stable burial of the drip irrigation system and reducing the need for subsequent manual maintenance.

[0058] The optimized layout method for the mechanized devices of the alfalfa underground drip irrigation system mentioned above ensures the precise laying of the drip irrigation system, long-term stable operation, and efficient integration with the workflow of the fully mechanized planting model by optimizing the drip irrigation tape burial depth, dripper flow and spacing, root invasion prevention measures, and pipe flushing system. The specific steps include:

[0059] Step S1: Determine the burial depth and layout method of the drip irrigation tape.

[0060] Alfalfa is a perennial, deep-rooting crop, with roots primarily distributed in the 0-30cm soil layer, reaching depths of 1.5-3m at maturity. To break up surface compaction, shallow tillage of ≤10cm is performed during the growing season. To ensure water reaches the primary absorption layer while ensuring root growth and subsequent mechanized irrigation, the drip irrigation tape is buried at a depth of 15-20cm, with a dripper spacing of 30cm. Based on different soil types and planting patterns, dripper flow rates, branch pipe spacing, and applicable conditions are proposed. Specific solutions are shown in Table 1.

[0061] Table 1 Alfalfa underground drip irrigation system layout parameters and applicable conditions

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Step S2: Optimize the anti-root invasion and pipeline flushing of the drip irrigation belt.

[0065] Alfalfa has a well-developed root system, and long-term planting can easily cause drip irrigation tape emitter blockage and root invasion, affecting irrigation effectiveness. To this end, before laying the drip irrigation tape, this method spreads 8% trifluralin granules (3-5kg / mu) in the ditch to form a slow-release drug layer to inhibit root invasion; 40 days after sowing alfalfa, 8% trifluralin solution (500mL / mu) is applied with drip irrigation. The drug solution penetrates with water around the drippers to prevent root invasion; at the same time, an internally embedded patch-type root-proof drip irrigation tape is used to reduce contact between the dripper and the root system, extending its service life; finally, flushing valves are installed at the end of the main pipe and the end of the drip irrigation tape, and flushing is performed after each irrigation cycle to reduce dripper blockage and improve the long-term stability of the pipeline.

[0066] This method uses step-by-step mechanized operation to ensure the accurate and efficient layout of the drip irrigation system, improve the construction quality and long-term operation stability. Figure 7 As shown, it includes laying drip irrigation tape (route 1, blue), trenching (route 2, red), cutting drip irrigation tape, laying branch pipes and covering soil (route 3, green), and field management (route 4, black dotted line). The specific steps are as follows:

[0067] Step S3: laying the drip irrigation tape.

[0068] First, a dedicated underground drip irrigation installation device was used to lay the drip tape along the blue line, providing a reference for subsequent branch pipe installation. In a 10-mu (approximately 16 acres) sandy soil plot, the drip tape was laid at a depth of 15-20 cm, with drippers spaced 30 cm apart, a flow rate of 1.0-2.0 L / h, and drip tapes spaced 60-70 cm apart to ensure even water distribution and improve irrigation effectiveness.

[0069] Step S4: After the drip irrigation tape is laid, trenching is performed.

[0070] After the drip tape is laid, the Alfalfa Underground Drip Irrigation Trenching, Pipe Cutting, Laying, and Backfilling Machine proceeds along the red line to open trenches, creating conditions for branch pipe installation. The device uses a hydraulic lift adjustment assembly 6 to set the trench depth, ensuring a 10-15 cm depth to ensure the branch pipes are properly buried and free from external interference. The trenching knife chain assembly 5 rotates at high speed to cut the soil, while the trenching soil retaining plate 64 operates synchronously, pushing the excavated soil to both sides of the trench, forming a neatly edged trench and preventing soil from falling back and affecting subsequent construction.

[0071] Step S5: When the device reaches the end point of the trenching operation, the drip irrigation tape is cut, the branch pipe is laid, and the soil covering operation is performed.

[0072] When the device reaches the end of the operation, the trenching knife chain rises, and the device turns around and enters the drip irrigation tape cutting, branch pipe laying and soil covering operation along the green line, completing the final embedding and stabilization of the drip irrigation system. The drip irrigation tape cutting component 4 accurately cuts the drip irrigation tape, and the branch pipe placement system runs synchronously. Prefabricated braided flexible branch pipes 11 are evenly laid along the trench to ensure smooth water flow. The soil-covering baffle 9 automatically backfills the soil, ensuring evenly buried pipes and preventing exposed branches or excessive burial depth from impacting drip irrigation effectiveness. The baffle adjustment assembly 10 adjusts the soil cover thickness based on the terrain, ensuring long-term stable operation of the drip irrigation system.

[0073] Step S6: After the drip irrigation system is laid out, the agricultural machinery routes are reasonably arranged according to the field management paths.

[0074] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0075] Taking a ranch in Inner Mongolia that planted 10 acres of alfalfa as an example, the land was irrigated using an underground drip irrigation system. Combined with the layout of drip irrigation tapes and mechanized field management, the efficient laying and operation management of the drip irrigation system was achieved.

[0076] The entire underground drip irrigation system began to be laid in May 2024. First, a pump house not far from the ground was selected as the water source. A trencher was used to dig a ditch with a depth of 80cm and a width of 40cm. The pressure level was 0.6Mpa, The wall thickness of 1.5mm PVC pipe is used as the main pipe. After the main pipe is laid, a special pipe laying machine for underground drip irrigation is used to lay the drip irrigation tape. The drip irrigation tape is laid at a depth of 15-20cm and a spacing of 50-70cm. The dripper flow rate is 0.8L / h to ensure uniform water delivery and improve irrigation efficiency. The prefabricated hole braided soft belt branch pipe 11 is laid in a groove with a depth of 20-25 cm to improve the stability of water delivery.

[0077] After the drip irrigation tape is laid, it can be used Figure 1 The device shown performs trenching, drip tape cutting, branch pipe laying and soil covering operations. The device can operate along the trenching path, and the trenching depth is set by the hydraulic lifting and adjusting mechanism to ensure that the trench depth is 15-20cm, forming a trench with neat edges to prevent soil from falling back and affecting subsequent construction. When the device runs to the end of the operation, the trenching knife chain assembly 5 rises and turns around, and enters the drip tape cutting, branch pipe laying and soil covering operation stage along the backfill path. The drip tape cutting assembly 1 accurately cuts the drip tape to ensure that the cutting length meets the requirements of rotation irrigation and improves the operation accuracy. The hose drainage assembly 7 works synchronously to Prefabricated braided flexible branch pipes 11 are evenly laid along the trench, and the soil cover baffles 9 operate synchronously to evenly backfill the soil, preventing exposed branch pipes or excessive burial depth that could affect drip irrigation effectiveness. The baffle adjustment assembly 10 adjusts the soil cover thickness based on the terrain, ensuring long-term stable operation of the drip irrigation system.

[0078] Field management for alfalfa throughout its physiological lifecycle includes water management after sowing and during the seedling stage, water and fertilizer management during the growing season, and weed and pest control. Immediately after sowing, drip irrigation is used to thoroughly wet the drip tape between rows. After the seedling stage, to promote root growth, the frequency of drip irrigation is appropriately reduced to prevent drought. Fertilization is based on the nutrient status of the 0-30 cm soil layer and in accordance with NY / T2700. For topdressing, a water-soluble fertilizer is used and applied with water through the irrigation head fertilization device, achieving integrated water and fertilizer management. Forty days after sowing alfalfa, an 8% trifluralin solution (500 mL / mu) is applied through the drip irrigation system. The solution penetrates with the water around the drippers, inhibiting root invasion and blockage. Various pests and diseases may occur during the alfalfa growth process, and drones should be used for pesticide control as appropriate. Finally, when harvesting, use a special alfalfa harvester with a cutting table to reduce damage to the drip irrigation system pipes.

[0079] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned mechanized device and method of the alfalfa underground drip irrigation system, combines the root growth characteristics of alfalfa and field operation requirements, and rationally plans the burial depth, spacing, dripper flow and anti-root invasion measures of the drip irrigation belt to ensure efficient use of water and fertilizer, and adapt to subsequent mechanized operations, providing support for efficient production of alfalfa planting.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanized device for an underground drip irrigation system for alfalfa, characterized by: It includes a traction frame, on which a driving part, a drip irrigation belt cutting assembly, a trenching knife chain assembly, a hydraulic lifting adjustment assembly, a hose pipe assembly, a hose anti-deflection guide assembly, a soil covering baffle and a baffle adjustment assembly are sequentially arranged; The driving member is connected to the trenching knife chain assembly through a transmission chain. The drip irrigation tape cutting assembly is arranged below the trenching knife chain assembly. The trenching knife chain assembly is connected to the hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly. The hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the traction frame. The hose pipe assembly, the hose anti-deflection guide assembly and the soil covering baffle are arranged at the tail end of the traction frame, and the soil covering baffle is connected to the traction frame through the baffle adjustment assembly.

2. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grooving knife chain assembly includes a connecting frame, which is rotatably connected to the traction frame. Two sets of gear groups are connected to the connecting frame. The two sets of gear groups are connected by a rotating shaft, and two grooving chains are connected to the two sets of gear groups. Several grooving blades are provided on the two grooving chains.

3. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the gear sets includes gear 1, gear 2 and gear 3, gear 3 is arranged above the connecting frame, gear 1 and gear 2 are respectively arranged at the head and tail ends of the connecting frame, and one side of gear 1 is connected to a driven gear through a transmission shaft, the driven gear is connected to the driving gear through the transmission chain, and the driving gear is connected to the outside of the driving member.

4. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic lifting and adjusting assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the traction frame through a hinge block, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a sleeve rod, the sleeve rod is connected to one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the trenching soil baffle, and the trenching soil baffle is fixedly connected to the connecting frame.

5. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hose pipe assembly includes a pipe shaft connected to the traction frame, a limit plate is symmetrically provided on the pipe shaft, one end of the pipe shaft is connected to a motor 1, the motor 1 is provided on a support plate, and the support plate is fixedly connected to the traction frame; A braided soft belt branch pipe is wound around the pipe arrangement shaft.

6. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hose anti-deflection guide assembly includes a guide shaft connected below the traction frame, two guide plates are symmetrically arranged on the guide shaft, and the braided soft belt branch pipe passes through between the two guide plates.

7. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The baffle adjustment assembly includes an adjusting screw and an adjusting box, the adjusting box is provided with a long hole, the long hole is passed through by a fixing rod, one end of the fixing rod is sleeved and connected to the adjusting screw, the other end of the fixing rod is fixedly connected to the soil covering baffle, and a tightening plate is provided on the side of the fixing rod close to the adjusting screw, and the tightening plate is in close contact with the adjusting box; The upper end of the adjusting screw passes through the traction frame, and the upper and lower ends of the adjusting screw are both provided with limiting pieces.

8. The mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drip irrigation tape cutting assembly includes a cutting shaft, both ends of which are connected to the bottom of the traction frame through connecting plates, a cutting knife is fixedly provided at the middle position of the cutting shaft, one end of the cutting shaft is connected to motor 2, and motor 2 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

9. The mechanized device and method for underground drip irrigation of alfalfa according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of driven wheels are arranged at the middle section of the traction frame.

10. A method for applying the mechanized device for an alfalfa underground drip irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, determining the burial depth and layout method of the drip irrigation tape; Step S2: Optimizing the anti-root invasion and pipeline flushing of the drip irrigation belt; Step S3: laying the drip irrigation tape; Step S4: After the drip irrigation tape is laid, trenching is performed; Step S5: When the device reaches the end point of the trenching operation, the drip irrigation tape is cut, the branch pipe is laid, and the soil covering operation is performed; Step S6: After the drip irrigation system is laid out, the agricultural machinery routes are reasonably arranged according to the field management paths.

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