Water-saving irrigation device with root system capable of supplementing water directionally

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to a water-saving irrigation device capable of supplying water to a root system directionally, which realizes directional water supply to the root system according to the growth rule of crops and the change of the depth reached by irrigation water in different periods along with the growth of the root system by arranging a unit growing along with the root. Compared with drip irrigation of only earth surface irrigation in the prior art, the water obtaining efficiency of the root system is remarkably improved, stable growth of crops is further guaranteed, meanwhile, loosening or part aging monitoring can be conducted on the irrigation vertical pipes buried underground in cooperation with the arrangement of the sensing strips, and after loosening or part aging occurs at the connecting joint of the two irrigation vertical pipes, the irrigation vertical pipes can be prevented from being damaged. When the device is loosened, the protection effect of the sensing strip on the inner side of the corresponding position becomes poor under the pressing effect of external soil, at the moment, certain bending occurs, the laser path of the laser device is shielded, then the loosening condition is found in time, and workers can conveniently conduct maintenance in time and maintain normal irrigation on crops.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an irrigation device, in particular to a water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water replenishment applied in the technical field of agricultural irrigation. Background Art

[0002] Drip irrigation is an irrigation method that uses a system of pipes and emitters mounted on capillary tubes to deliver water and nutrients to the soil in the root zone, evenly and slowly, according to crop water requirements. Existing drip irrigation systems used in smart agriculture are equipped with a control system that intelligently controls the start and stop of each drip tape, primarily to achieve uniform, systematic, and synchronized irrigation of crops.

[0003] However, in the existing drip irrigation technology, in the same drip irrigation belt line, except for the unexpected situation of drip irrigation port blockage, the irrigation water volume in all areas remains consistent, such as the drip irrigation belt and drip irrigation belt device disclosed in the Chinese patent specification with publication number CN118303309A. However, for crops, the same crop may partially die or not survive, and water resources will be wasted in the area. In addition, the existing drip irrigation technology is generally surface irrigation, which is suitable for the early growth stage of crops, when their roots have just grown or have not yet grown. As the crops grow, their roots gradually extend downward. The surface irrigation method makes it difficult for most water to penetrate into the root system, resulting in limited water absorption by the roots, limited utilization of water resources, and even a certain impact on the stable growth of crops. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that as crops grow, their roots are far away from the ground surface, making it difficult for them to absorb drip irrigation water smoothly, affecting crop growth and the utilization rate of water resources.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water replenishment, including a control system and an irrigation horizontal pipe, wherein the outer end of the irrigation horizontal pipe is fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly distributed branch pipes, the ends of the plurality of branch pipes are fixedly connected to a water collecting bucket, the lower end of the water collecting bucket is connected to a root growth unit, the root growth unit includes an irrigation vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket and a liquid change component located in the water collecting bucket and the irrigation vertical pipe, the irrigation vertical pipe includes a surface pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket, and a plurality of lower extension pipes threadedly connected in sequence, the lower extension pipe It includes an underground pipe and a connecting ring fixedly connected to the lower end of the underground pipe. The liquid change component includes an electric push rod fixedly connected to the middle of the water collecting bucket, a connecting rod fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod, and a water change plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface pipe and the inner wall of the connecting ring. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the water change plate in the surface pipe and movably passes through the water change plates in multiple connecting rings. A surface water outlet hole is opened in the middle of the outer end of the surface pipe. Multiple water outlet filter discs are fixedly inlaid on the outer end of the underground pipe near the connecting ring. The water outlet filter disc includes a metal mesh layer and an inner dense mesh layer attached to the inner wall of the metal mesh layer.

[0006] In the above-mentioned water-saving irrigation device for directional root water supply, by setting up a root growth unit, the depth of irrigation water reached at different periods changes with the growth of the root system according to the growth law of the crop, thereby achieving directional water supply to the root system. Compared with the drip irrigation of only surface irrigation in the existing technology, the efficiency of the root system in obtaining water is significantly improved, thereby ensuring the stable growth of the crop.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present application, the bottom of the bottommost connecting ring is in a sealed state, and no water-changing piece is provided in the bottommost connecting ring.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, a sealing ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface tube, the surface water outlet is located between the sealing ring and the water variable plate, and the surface water outlet is higher than the ground, and a sealing plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the extended end of the electric push rod, the sealing plate is located above the sealing ring, and the outer diameter of the sealing plate is larger than the inner ring diameter of the sealing ring.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of push-mouth plates are fixedly connected to the outer end of the connecting rod, and the plurality of push-mouth plates are respectively located below a plurality of water-changing plates corresponding to the connecting ring, and the distance gradient between the plurality of push-mouth plates and the upper water-changing plates increases along the direction from top to bottom.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the water-changing plate includes an outer fixed ring and a central sealing plate clamped in the middle of the outer fixed ring, and the outer diameter of the push-out plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the central sealing plate.

[0011] As another improvement of the present application, the inner wall of the surface tube and the inner walls of multiple connecting rings corresponding to the water-changing plate are fixedly connected with sensing strips, which are located below the water-changing plate. The bottom outer end of the sensing strip is fixedly connected with a clamping strip, and a clamping groove is also drilled on the inner wall of the connecting ring. The clamping strip and the clamping groove on the connecting ring below the sensing strip are clamped with each other, and a laser is also fixedly installed on the inner bottom end of the lowest connecting ring. Multiple sensing strips and lasers are coaxially arranged.

[0012] As another improved supplement of the present application, the sensing strip includes two positioning segments and a sensing segment fixedly connected between the two positioning segments. A light-transmitting hole is opened in the middle of the positioning segment. The sensing segment is a non-transparent flexible structure, and the outer fixing ring is a transparent structure.

[0013] A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water replenishment, wherein the control system includes a control center, a timing unit connected to the control center signal, and an interactive unit for setting data in the timing unit. The method for using the device includes the following steps: S1. First, according to the crop type, multiple growth time nodes of the root growth unit are set in the timing unit through the interaction unit; S2, irrigation water is transported through irrigation horizontal pipes, dispersed to water collecting buckets through multiple branch pipes, and transported to crop roots through multiple irrigation vertical pipes; S3. When the timing unit detects that the first growth time node has been reached, the control center controls the fluid change component to shorten, opening the first water change plate. At this time, irrigation water can continue to flow through the first water change plate to the ground below, bringing the irrigation water closer to the crop roots and improving the utilization rate of irrigation water. S4, continuously repeating step S3 until multiple growth time nodes are completed, achieving the effect of changing the irrigation depth according to the growth of the plant, and forming an irrigation system with directional water replenishment according to root growth; S5. When the crops have finished growing and are harvested, or when some crops have withered, the control center controls the liquid-changing component to shorten, thereby closing the corresponding water collecting bucket mouth, and repeats steps S1-S4 until the next crop is planted to carry out the next round of crop irrigation.

[0014] As another improvement of the present application, a capillary channel is provided inside the sensing section, and a connecting pipe is connected between the upper end of the uppermost sensing strip and the irrigation horizontal pipe, and a spare valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0015] In summary, by setting up the root growth unit, according to the growth law of crops, the depth of irrigation water reaches at different periods changes with the growth of the root system, thereby realizing directional water replenishment to the root system. Compared with the drip irrigation of surface irrigation only in the existing technology, the efficiency of the root system in obtaining water is significantly improved, thereby ensuring the stable growth of crops. At the same time, with the setting of the sensing strip, the looseness of the irrigation vertical pipe buried underground can be monitored. When the connection node of the two irrigation vertical pipes becomes loose or the components are aged, the protection effect of the sensing strip on the inner side of the corresponding position becomes worse due to the compression of the external soil. At this time, a certain amount of bending will occur, blocking the laser path of the laser, thereby timely detecting the looseness, facilitating timely maintenance by the staff, and maintaining normal irrigation of the crops. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the root growth unit portion of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a partial radial cross-sectional diagram of a root-growing unit according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a partial front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a fluid-changing assembly according to a first embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the change in irrigation depth of the root growth unit according to the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a root-growing unit according to a second embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a connecting ring according to a second embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a sensing bar according to a second embodiment of the present application.

[0017] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1 irrigation horizontal pipe, 101 branch pipe, 2 water collecting bucket, 3 surface pipe, 301 surface water outlet, 4 underground pipe, 5 connecting ring, 6 outlet filter, 61 metal mesh layer, 62 inner dense mesh layer, 7 water changing piece, 71 outer fixed ring, 72 center sealing piece, 81 electric push rod, 82 connecting rod, 83 sealing piece, 84 push-mouth piece, 85 sealing ring, 9 sensing strip, 91 sensing segment, 92 positioning segment, 901 card strip, 902 light hole, 903 laser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes three implementation methods of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] The first implementation method: Figure 1 The present invention shows a water-saving irrigation device for directional water supply to the root system, comprising a control system and an irrigation transverse pipe 1. The outer end of the irrigation transverse pipe 1 is fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly distributed branch pipes 101. The ends of the plurality of branch pipes 101 are fixedly connected to a water collecting bucket 2. The lower end of the water collecting bucket 2 is connected to a root growth unit. The root growth unit comprises an irrigation vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket 2 and a liquid-changing component located in the water collecting bucket 2 and the irrigation vertical pipe. During irrigation, the irrigation water enters the water collecting bucket 2 along the irrigation transverse pipe 1 and the branch pipe 101, and then enters the root growth unit. Through the setting of the root growth unit, according to the growth law of the crop, the depth reached by the irrigation water at different periods changes with the growth of the root system, thereby realizing directional water supply to the root system. Compared with the drip irrigation of only surface irrigation in the prior art, the root system's water acquisition efficiency is significantly improved, thereby ensuring the stable growth of the crop.

[0020] like Figure 2-3 The irrigation vertical pipe includes a surface pipe 3 fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket 2, and a plurality of lower extension pipes threadedly connected in sequence. The lower extension pipe includes an underground pipe 4 and a connecting ring 5 fixedly connected to the lower end of the underground pipe 4. The outer end of the underground pipe 4 near the connecting ring 5 is fixedly inlaid with a plurality of water outlet filters 6. The water outlet filter 6 includes a metal mesh layer 61 and an inner dense mesh layer 62 attached to the inner wall of the metal mesh layer 61, wherein the inner dense mesh layer 62 is used to intercept external soil, making it difficult for external soil to enter the irrigation vertical pipe, protecting its internal structures from being easily affected by the soil, and the bottom of the lowest connecting ring 5 is in a sealed state, making it difficult for soil to enter the interior of the irrigation vertical pipe, and no water change piece 7 is set in the lowest connecting ring 5. The last connecting ring 5 does not need to be opened. When the previous water change piece 7 is opened, the irrigation water can directly seep out along the water outlet filter 6 above it.

[0021] like Figure 4The liquid changing assembly includes an electric push rod 81 fixedly connected to the middle of the water collecting bucket 2, a connecting rod 82 fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod 81, and a water changing piece 7 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface tube 3 and the inner wall of the connecting ring 5. The connecting rod 82 is fixedly connected to the water changing piece 7 in the surface tube 3 and movably passes through the water changing pieces 7 in multiple connecting rings 5. The water changing piece 7 includes an outer fixed ring 71 and a central sealing piece 72 clamped in the middle of the outer fixed ring 71. A surface water outlet hole 301 is drilled in the middle of the outer end of the surface tube 3. In the early stage of planting, only surface irrigation is required. At this time, irrigation water only comes from Water seeps out from the surface water outlet 301, thereby surface irrigation of the crops. At this time, multiple water-changing plates 7 are in a closed state. As the crops grow, their roots gradually grow downward. At this time, the control system can control the electric push rod 81 to shorten at the corresponding time node, thereby driving the push-out plate 84 to move upward, causing it to contact the central sealing plate 72 and push it to separate from the outer fixed ring 71, so that the irrigation water can move downward along the opened water-changing plates 7, so that the irrigation depth adapts to the growth of the root system, facilitates the acquisition of water, improves the utilization rate of water resources, and enables stable growth of crops.

[0022] like Figure 5 , multiple push-mouth pieces 84 are respectively located below the multiple water-changing pieces 7 corresponding to the connecting ring 5, and along the direction from top to bottom, the distance gradient between the multiple push-mouth pieces 84 and the upper water-changing piece 7 increases, so that when the electric push rod 81 is shortened, after the connecting rod 82 rises, the multiple push-mouth pieces 84 do not contact the corresponding water-changing pieces 7 at the same time, so that the electric push rod 81 can control the opening of the water-changing piece 7 at the corresponding time node by controlling its shortening amplitude each time it is shortened. The outer diameter of the push-mouth piece 84 is smaller than the outer diameter of the center sealing piece 72, so that it can stably pass through the center of the outer fixed ring 71, so that the upper push-mouth piece 84 is not easy to affect the opening of the multiple water-changing pieces 7 below.

[0023] like Figure 4 The inner wall of the surface tube 3 is also fixedly connected to a blocking ring 85, and the surface water outlet 301 is located between the blocking ring 85 and the water changing piece 7, and the surface water outlet 301 is higher than the ground. The outside of the extended end of the electric push rod 81 is fixedly connected to a blocking piece 83, which is located above the blocking ring 85, and the outer diameter of the blocking piece 83 is larger than the inner ring diameter of the blocking ring 85. In the existing smart agriculture system, large-scale irrigation is generally equipped with drone inspections. When it is monitored that crops in some areas are withered, the control system of this irrigation device can control the electric push rod 81 in the water collecting bucket 2 in the corresponding area to extend after obtaining the drone inspection information, and then move the blocking piece 83 downward until it conflicts with the blocking ring 85, thereby effectively blocking the lower mouth of the water collecting bucket 2, so that irrigation here is stopped. Compared with the drip irrigation belt line in the prior art, regardless of the growth status of the crops, the irrigation state is always synchronized, effectively saving water resources.

[0024] It is worth noting that when installing this irrigation device, the surface water outlet 301 is controlled to be above the ground surface, while the lower part of the surface pipe 3 is located below the ground, thereby ensuring that the irrigation vertical pipe is buried as a whole below the ground, facilitating underground targeted directional irrigation of crop roots.

[0025] A water-saving irrigation device for root-directed water replenishment, wherein the control system includes a control center, a timing unit connected to the control center signal, and an interactive unit for setting data in the timing unit. The method for using the device includes the following steps: S1. First, according to the crop type, multiple growth time nodes of the root growth unit are set in the timing unit through the interaction unit; S2, irrigation water is transported through the irrigation horizontal pipe 1, dispersed to the water collecting bucket 2 through multiple branch pipes 101, and transported to the crop roots through multiple irrigation vertical pipes; S3, such as Figure 6 When the timing unit detects that the first growth time node has been reached, the control center controls the fluid change component to shorten, opening the first water change plate 7. At this time, the irrigation water can continue to extend below the ground through the first water change plate 7, bringing the irrigation water closer to the crop roots and improving the utilization rate of the irrigation water. S4, continuously repeating step S3 until multiple growth time nodes are completed, achieving the effect of changing the irrigation depth according to the growth of the plant, and forming an irrigation system with directional water replenishment according to root growth; S5. When the crops have finished growing and are harvested, or when some crops have withered, the control center controls the liquid-changing component to shorten, thereby closing the corresponding water collecting bucket 2 opening, and repeats steps S1-S4 until the next crop is planted to carry out the next round of crop irrigation.

[0026] In summary, by setting up the root growth unit, according to the growth law of crops, the depth of irrigation water reaches at different periods changes with the growth of the root system, thereby achieving directional water replenishment to the root system. Compared with the drip irrigation of surface irrigation only in the existing technology, it significantly improves the efficiency of the root system in obtaining water, thereby ensuring the stable growth of crops.

[0027] It is worth noting that, generally speaking, in intelligent irrigation technology, humidity sensors are pre-buried in the soil. This irrigation device can also be used with a humidity sensor. When this irrigation device irrigates at the approximate time nodes of the plant roots, the irrigation water volume can be adjusted according to the data of the humidity sensor to maintain a good water-saving effect and effectively avoid over-irrigation.

[0028] The second implementation method: This embodiment is based on the first embodiment, with the addition of a sensing bar 9 and related structures, and the rest of the embodiment remains the same as the first embodiment.

[0029] Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the surface tube 3 and the inner wall of the multiple connecting rings 5 ​​corresponding to the water change sheet 7 are fixedly connected with the sensing strip 9. The sensing strip 9 is located below the water change sheet 7 and contacts the adjacent water change sheet 7, so that the light transmission hole 902 is not easily blocked. Figure 8 The outer end of the bottom of the sensing strip 9 is fixedly connected with a card strip 901, and the inner wall of the connecting ring 5 is also carved with a card groove. The card strip 901 and the card groove on the connecting ring 5 below the sensing strip 9 are mutually engaged. The inner bottom end of the lowest connecting ring 5 is also fixedly installed with a laser 903, wherein the laser 903 is located in the sensing strip 9. Multiple sensing strips 9 and the laser 903 are coaxially arranged, such as Figure 9 The sensing strip 9 includes two positioning segments 92 and a sensing segment 91 fixedly connected between the two positioning segments 92. A light-transmitting hole 902 is bored in the middle of the positioning segment 92. The sensing segment 91 is a non-transparent flexible structure, and the outer fixed ring 71 is a transparent structure. Under normal circumstances, the laser emitted by the laser 903 can pass through the sensing strip 9 and the transparent outer fixed ring 71 and then irradiate the blocking ring 85. However, when the connection between the underground pipe 4 and the connecting ring 5 becomes loose or the components age, the strength of the corresponding lower extension pipe is damaged. Under the action of the external soil, it will cause a certain amount of deformation. At this time, the sensing strip 9 inside it loses its sensitivity. The stability restriction between the two lower extension pipes will cause a certain degree of bending deformation. Due to the opacity of the sensing section 91, the laser beam is difficult to pass through, resulting in a significant change in the data obtained by the laser 903. The signal can be fed back to the control system, and the control system then reminds the staff of the abnormality of the lower extension pipe through text messages, mobile APPs, control center alarms, etc. Based on this, after the end of a crop growth cycle, the staff can maintain the lower extension pipe in time before carrying out the next round of crop planting, so that the irrigation water is not prone to premature leakage during irrigation, effectively ensuring directional irrigation of the crop root system.

[0030] Among them, multiple lower extension pipes can be disassembled from each other, so there is no need to replace the entire pipe during maintenance, which can effectively reduce the implementation cost; in specific implementation, multiple lower extension pipes can also be set into an integrated structure, which can be replaced as a whole during replacement. The actual setting can be based on actual needs.

[0031] In addition, when the sensing strip 9 is not provided, the water outlet filter 6 of the first embodiment may also not be provided, and a hole such as a surface water outlet hole may be drilled at the corresponding location.

[0032] In conjunction with the setting of the sensing strip 9, looseness monitoring can be performed on the irrigation vertical pipes buried underground. When the connection node of the two irrigation vertical pipes becomes loose or the components are aged, the protection effect of the sensing strip 9 on the inner side of the corresponding part becomes worse due to the compression of the external soil. At this time, a certain degree of bending will occur, blocking the laser path of the laser 903, thereby detecting the looseness in time, facilitating timely maintenance by the staff and maintaining normal irrigation of the crops.

[0033] The third implementation method: A capillary channel is provided inside the sensing section 91 , and a connecting pipe is connected between the upper end of the uppermost sensing strip 9 and the irrigation horizontal pipe 1 , and a spare valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

[0034] In this embodiment, multiple sensing strips 9 are connected as a whole from top to bottom, that is, the upper end of the sensing strip 9 passes through the corresponding water-changing piece 7 and is fixed to the bottom of the previous sensing strip 9. When the irrigation vertical pipe buried underground becomes loose or aged, it means that part of the irrigation water will overflow in advance, making it difficult for the deep roots to obtain the expected water. When the laser 903 obtains the signal, it first closes the sealing ring and opens the backup valve at the same time. Part of the water can flow directly into the sensing strip 9 and diffuse along it into the deep soil, thereby achieving compensatory water replenishment after the irrigation vertical pipe is abnormal, thereby effectively ensuring the stable growth of plants.

[0035] In view of current actual needs, the protection scope of the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to this. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply, characterized by: The invention comprises a control system and an irrigation horizontal pipe (1), wherein the control system comprises a control center, a timing unit connected to the control center signal, and an interactive unit for performing data setting in the timing unit. The outer end of the irrigation horizontal pipe (1) is fixedly connected to a plurality of evenly distributed branch pipes (101), the ends of the plurality of branch pipes (101) are fixedly connected to a water collecting bucket (2), the lower end of the water collecting bucket (2) is connected to a root growth unit, the root growth unit comprises an irrigation vertical pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket (2) and a liquid change component located in the water collecting bucket (2) and the irrigation vertical pipe, the irrigation vertical pipe comprises a surface pipe fixedly connected to the lower end of the water collecting bucket (2), and a plurality of lower extension pipes connected in sequence by threads, the lower extension pipe comprises an underground pipe (4) and a connection fixedly connected to the lower end of the underground pipe (4). Ring (5), the liquid changing assembly includes an electric push rod (81) fixedly connected to the middle of the water collecting bucket (2), a connecting rod (82) fixedly connected to the extended end of the electric push rod (81), and a water changing piece (7) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the surface tube (3) and the inner wall of the connecting ring (5), the outer end of the connecting rod (82) is also fixedly connected to a plurality of push-out pieces (84), the connecting rod (82) is fixedly connected to the water changing piece (7) in the surface tube (3) and movably penetrates the water changing pieces (7) in the plurality of connecting rings (5), a surface water outlet hole (301) is drilled in the middle of the outer end of the surface tube (3), and a plurality of water outlet filter pieces (6) are fixedly inlaid at the outer end of the underground pipe (4) near the connecting ring (5), and the water outlet filter piece (6) includes a metal mesh layer (61) and an inner dense mesh layer (62) attached to the inner wall of the metal mesh layer (61); The inner wall of the surface tube (3) is also fixedly connected to a blocking ring (85); the surface water outlet (301) is located between the blocking ring (85) and the water-changing plate (7), and the surface water outlet (301) is higher than the ground; the outer portion of the extended end of the electric push rod (81) is fixedly connected to a blocking plate (83); the blocking plate (83) is located above the blocking ring (85), and the outer diameter of the blocking plate (83) is greater than the inner diameter of the blocking ring (85).

2. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting ring (5) at the bottom is in a sealed state, and no water-changing piece (7) is provided in the connecting ring (5) at the bottom.

3. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of push-out plates (84) are respectively located below the plurality of water-changing plates (7) corresponding to the connecting ring (5), and the distance gradient between the plurality of push-out plates (84) and the upper water-changing plates (7) increases along a top-to-bottom direction.

4. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water-changing plate (7) comprises an outer fixed ring (71) and a central sealing plate (72) clamped in the middle of the outer fixed ring (71); the outer diameter of the push-out plate (84) is smaller than the outer diameter of the central sealing plate (72).

5. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the surface tube (3) and the inner walls of the plurality of connecting rings (5) corresponding to the water-changing sheet (7) are fixedly connected with a sensing strip (9), the sensing strip (9) being located below the water-changing sheet (7), the bottom outer end of the sensing strip (9) being fixedly connected with a clamping strip (901), the inner wall of the connecting ring (5) also being provided with a clamping groove, the clamping strip (901) being clamped with the clamping groove on the connecting ring (5) below the sensing strip (9), the inner bottom end of the lowest connecting ring (5) being fixedly mounted with a laser (903), the plurality of sensing strips (9) and the laser (903) being coaxially arranged.

6. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensing strip (9) comprises two positioning segments (92) and a sensing segment (91) fixedly connected between the two positioning segments (92); a light-transmitting hole (902) is bored in the middle of the positioning segment (92); the sensing segment (91) is a non-transparent flexible structure; and the outer fixing ring (71) is a transparent structure.

7. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: The method of use includes the following steps: S1. First, according to the crop type, multiple growth time nodes of the root growth unit are set in the timing unit through the interaction unit; S2, irrigation water is transported through the irrigation horizontal pipe (1), dispersed to the water collecting bucket (2) through multiple branch pipes (101), and transported to the roots of crops through multiple irrigation vertical pipes; S3. When the timing unit detects that the first growth time node has been reached, the control center controls the liquid change component to shorten, so that the first water change piece (7) is opened. At this time, the irrigation water can continue to extend below the ground through the first water change piece (7), so that the irrigation water is closer to the roots of the crops, thereby improving the utilization rate of the irrigation water. S4, continuously repeating step S3 until multiple growth time nodes are completed, achieving the effect of changing the irrigation depth according to the growth of the plant, and forming an irrigation system with directional water replenishment according to root growth; S5. When the crops have finished growing and are harvested, or when some crops have withered, the control center controls the liquid changing component to shorten, so that the mouth of the corresponding water collecting bucket (2) is closed, and steps S1-S4 are repeated until the next crop is planted to carry out the next round of crop irrigation.

8. The water-saving irrigation device for root-oriented water supply according to claim 6, characterized in that: A capillary channel is provided inside the sensing section (91), and a connecting pipe is connected between the upper end of the uppermost sensing strip (9) and the irrigation horizontal pipe (1), and a spare valve is installed on the connecting pipe.

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