Circuit breaker simulation device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment, in particular to a circuit breaker simulation device, which is characterized by comprising an operation panel, a power supply loop and a working loop connected with the power supply loop. The working loop comprises a power-on opening holding loop, a local closing loop, a remote closing loop, a closing self-locking loop, a locking release loop, a local opening loop, a remote opening loop, an opening self-locking loop, a locking indication loop, an energy storage loop, an energy storage and release loop, an energy storage indication loop, an opening and closing indication loop and a three-in-two linkage release loop. According to the invention, a multi-scene relay protection device simulation environment is constructed, low-voltage and non-electric quantity protection function simulation of the relay protection device can be realized, and switching-on and switching-off action commands of the relay protection device can be checked; three-in-two logic control of the circuit breaker can be simulated; safe closing control of any two circuit breakers can be achieved, and the risk of short circuit caused by three-in-three is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric power equipment, in particular to a circuit breaker simulation device. Background Art

[0002] A circuit breaker simulator is a device designed specifically for power system testing. It can simulate tripping and closing operations in place of a real circuit breaker, avoiding damage to high-voltage equipment caused by repeated testing. The device also features remote control. However, existing circuit breaker simulators generally only simulate the opening and closing states of the circuit breaker, as well as the energy storage state, and their functionality is relatively limited. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker simulation device, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a circuit breaker simulation device, including an operation panel, a power supply circuit and a working circuit connected to the power supply circuit, characterized in that the working circuit includes a power-on opening holding circuit, a local closing circuit, a remote closing circuit, a closing self-locking circuit, a lock release circuit, a local opening circuit, a remote opening circuit, a closing self-locking circuit, a lock indication circuit, an energy storage circuit, an energy storage release circuit, an energy storage indication circuit, an opening and closing indication circuit and a three-in-two interlock release circuit; the power-on opening holding circuit is connected in parallel with the local closing circuit, the remote closing circuit, the closing self-locking circuit, the lock release circuit, the local opening circuit, the remote opening circuit and the opening self-locking circuit; the lock indication circuit is connected in parallel with the energy storage circuit, the energy storage release circuit, the energy storage indication circuit, the opening and closing indication circuit and the three-in-two interlock release circuit; The device is provided with a circuit breaker QF1, a circuit breaker QF2 and a circuit breaker QF3, and the closing relays corresponding to the circuit breakers QF1, QF2 and QF3 are closing relays 1KA4, 2KA4 and 3KA4 respectively; the energized opening holding circuit includes a third group of normally closed contacts 1KA4-3, 2KA4-3 and 3KA4-3 of the closing relays 1KA4, 2KA4 and 3KA4 connected in series and an opening holding relay; The local closing circuit includes a lock release contact, a contact group, an auxiliary contact KT, a closing button SB, and a closing relay KA3 connected in series. The remote closing circuit is established by short-circuiting the remote closing interface 1n in the remote control interface on the operation panel. The closing self-locking circuit is an independent branch connected in parallel between the auxiliary contact KT and the closing button SB in the local closing circuit. The normally closed contact KA5-4 of the opening relay KA5 and the normally open contact KA3-1 of the closing relay KA3 are connected in series on this independent branch. The lock release circuit is established by short-circuiting the lock release interface on the operation panel. The locking relay is connected in series in this circuit. The local trip circuit includes a trip button and a trip relay KA5 connected in series. The remote trip circuit is established by short-circuiting the remote trip interface 1n in the remote control interface on the operation panel. The trip self-locking circuit is an independent branch connected in parallel to both ends of the trip button. The normally closed contact KA3-4 of the closing relay KA3 and the normally open contact KA5-1 of the trip relay KA5 are connected in series on this independent branch. The locking indication circuit includes the normally closed contact KA1-1 of the locking relay KA1 and the locking indicator light HY connected in series; the energy storage circuit includes the normally closed contact KA2-1 of the closing energy release relay KA2, the energy storage button SA (SA1 / SA2 / SA3) and the energy storage relay connected in series, and a group of normally open contacts (KT2-3 / KT3-3 / KT4-3) of the energy storage relay are connected in parallel at the input and output ends of the energy storage button SA (SA1 / SA2 / SA3); one end of the energy storage release circuit and the energy storage indication circuit are connected in parallel to the input end of the closing energy release relay KA2 on the energy storage circuit, and the other end is connected to the normally closed contact KA2-1 of the closing energy release relay KA2 on the energy storage circuit. into the common end; the energy storage and release circuit is connected in series with the normally open contact KA4-4 of the closing relay KA4 and the closing energy release relay KA2; the energy storage indication circuit is connected in series with the moving contact and the energy storage indicator light; the opening and closing indication circuit includes a closing indication channel and an opening indication channel, the closing indication channel is connected in series with the normally open contact KA3-2 of the closing relay KA3 and the opening and closing indicator light in sequence, and the opening indication channel is connected to the opening and closing indicator light terminal and the common end by the normally open contact KA5-2 of the opening relay KA5; the three-in-two interlocking release circuit includes a three-in-two interlocking release knob SA4 and a three-in-two interlocking release relay 4KA1 connected in series in sequence.

[0005] Preferably, the operation panel is provided with a remote control interface, a status signal interface, a lock release interface, a power input switch, a backup power switch, a backup power interface, a status display panel, a three-in-two interlock release knob, a local control button, a voltage switch, a three-phase voltage interface, a current interface, a switch input and output interface and an energy storage button; the status display panel includes a lock release indication, an energy storage indication and a status indication.

[0006] Preferably, the remote control interface includes QF1 remote closing, QF1 remote opening, QF2 remote closing, QF2 remote opening, QF3 remote closing and QF3 remote opening; the status signal interface includes QF1 closing signal, QF1 opening signal, QF2 closing signal, QF2 opening signal, QF3 closing signal and QF3 opening signal; the lock release interface includes QF1 lock release, QF2 lock release and QF3 lock release; the backup power switch includes DC11 0V power socket switch, DC220V power socket switch and AC220V socket power switch; the backup power interface includes DC110V power interface, DC220V power interface and AC220V socket; the local control buttons include QF1 opening button, QF1 closing button, QF2 opening button, QF2 closing button, QF3 opening button and QF3 closing button; the three-phase voltage interface includes three-phase power input and output interface 1 and three-phase power input and output interface 2.

[0007] Preferably, the power supply circuit includes a main power supply circuit, a DC110V standby output circuit, a forced heat dissipation circuit, a DC220V standby output circuit and an AC220V standby output circuit; The main power supply circuit is connected to the device with AC220V power supply as input. After the main power switch S of the operation panel is closed, the main power supply circuit is turned on, and the AC220V power supply is converted into AC / DC through the rectifier module PS1, and the nominal DC110V output is used as the main working power supply inside the device; The DC110V standby output circuit is connected in parallel to the output end of the rectifier module PS1 and is controlled on and off by the miniature circuit breaker 1ZZK (2P); when the miniature circuit breaker 1ZZK is closed, the DC110V power output by the rectifier module PS1 is led to the DC110V power interface on the operation panel; The L line of the forced heat dissipation circuit is taken from the output end of the main power switch S of the main power supply circuit, and the N line of the forced heat dissipation circuit is taken from the input end of the rectifier module PS1. Two cooling fans are connected in parallel between the L line and the N line of the forced heat dissipation circuit; The L and N wires of the DC220V standby output circuit are derived from the corresponding L and N wires of the forced cooling circuit, are switched on and off by miniature circuit breaker 2ZZK (2P), and are subsequently connected to rectifier module PS2. When miniature circuit breaker 2ZZK is closed, the AC220V power supply is rectified by rectifier module PS2 to a nominal DC220V and output to the DC220V power interface of the operation panel. The L and N wires of the AC220V standby output circuit are taken from the corresponding L and N wires of the forced cooling circuit. The L wire is controlled by the miniature circuit breaker 3ZZK (1P). When the miniature circuit breaker 3ZZK is closed, the AC220V power supply is led to the AC220V socket of the operation panel.

[0008] Preferably, the power-on / off holding circuit is powered by the main power supply circuit of the equipment, which is a nominal DC110V output by the PS1 rectification.

[0009] Preferably, the contact group is three groups of parallel contacts, and the three groups of parallel contacts are respectively the normally closed contact 2KA4-1 of the closing relay 2KA4, the normally closed contact 3KA4-1 of the closing relay 3KA4 and the normally open contact 4KA1-1 of the three-in-two interlocking release relay 4KA1; or the three groups of parallel contacts are respectively the normally closed contact 1KA4-1 of the closing relay 1KA4, the normally closed contact 3KA4-2 of the closing relay 3KA4 and the normally open contact 4KA1-2 of the three-in-two interlocking release relay 4KA1; or the three groups of parallel contacts are respectively the normally closed contact 1KA4-2 of the closing relay 1KA4, the normally closed contact 2KA4-2 of the closing relay 2KA4 and the normally open contact 4KA1-3 of the three-in-two interlocking release relay 4KA1.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a circuit breaker simulation device with the following beneficial effects: The present invention creatively incorporates relay protection device action simulation, which can exercise the protection action of the relay protection device. By building a multi-scenario relay protection device simulation environment, it can simulate the low-voltage and non-electrical protection functions of the relay protection device, and can verify the opening and closing action commands of the relay protection device; it can simulate the three-on-two logic control of the circuit breaker; and can achieve safe closing control of any two circuit breakers to avoid the risk of short circuit caused by three-on-three. Equipped with dual-channel DC power output module, providing DC110V, 220V constant voltage output; equipped with single-channel AC power output AC220V constant voltage output; It has the function of indicating external closing / opening action signals; providing switch position status signal feedback function; providing external relay protection device protection and current measurement auxiliary terminals; can simulate the release of the circuit breaker operating power supply loss lockout condition; and has the function of simulating the circuit breaker energy storage mechanism status. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an operation panel of a circuit breaker simulator of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the power supply circuit of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the working circuit of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the working circuit of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the electrical principle of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the power-on and opening holding circuit of the present invention.

[0012] Among them: 1. Remote control interface, 2. Status signal interface, 3. Lock release interface, 4. Power input switch, 5. Backup power switch, 6. Lock release indication, 7. Energy storage indication, 8. Status indication, 9. Status display panel, 10. Three-in-two interlock release knob, 11. Local control button, 12. Voltage switch, 13. Three-phase voltage interface, 14. Current interface, 15. Digital input and output interface, 16. Backup power interface, 17. Energy storage button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0014] Principle Description This device uses a large number of relays, each of which is equipped with multiple sets of independent normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) contacts that can operate simultaneously. Its core control principle is as follows: 1. Excitation and Operation: When the rated control voltage (or current) is applied to the relay coil, the coil is excited, generating an electromagnetic field. This magnetic field acts on the movable armature (made of ferromagnetic material) inside or adjacent to the coil, generating an electromagnetic attraction. Under this attraction, the armature overcomes the reaction force and moves toward the magnetic core.

[0015] 2. Mechanical transmission and contact switching: The linear motion of the armature is linked to the contact system of the device through a push rod rigidly connected to it (or a mechanical transmission mechanism such as a reed), and this linkage forces the contact state to change: Normally open contact (Normally Open, NO): The initial state of the contact is open. It changes from the open state to the closed state, connecting the control or load circuit in which it is located; Normally closed contact (Normally Closed, NC): The initial state of the contact is closed. It changes from the closed state to the open state, cutting off the circuit in which it is located.

[0016] 3. Demagnetization and Reset: When the coil control voltage (or current) is removed, the coil is demagnetized, the electromagnetic field disappears, and the electromagnetic attraction disappears. At this point, the reset mechanism composed of the pre-compressed spring (or the inherent elastic force of the contact spring) generates a reaction force, driving the armature back to its initial static position.

[0017] 4. State recovery: The reset motion of the armature is transmitted in reverse to the contact system, so that all contacts return to their inherent state when not energized, that is, the normally open contact is open and the normally closed contact is closed.

[0018] Function Introduction Control power supply: The internal control power supply adopts AC 220V rectified to DC 110V.

[0019] Operation mode (local operation + remote operation): Local operation: The built-in opening and closing relay is driven by the push button switch to simulate the circuit breaker state change and feedback the switch position signal. Remote operation: The action signal is input through the external test interface to drive the remote relay to control the built-in relay to perform opening and closing actions and feedback the status signal.

[0020] Core features: Single circuit breaker action simulation: realizes opening and closing operations, status display and signal feedback; three-on-two interlock simulation: through the internal relay auxiliary contact interlock, simulates the safety logic of the three circuit breakers in the main-coupled standby automatic transfer system, where only two are allowed to be closed; multi-device linkage test: supports calibration testing of multiple or single relay protection devices and circuit breaker simulation devices.

[0021] Test access capability:** Convenient interface: Provides DC 110V, AC 220V, and DC 220V backup power outputs, serving as a convenient access point for external relay protection devices and testers; Signal access: Supports quick access to measurement / protection current, sampling voltage, and non-electrical signals (overtemperature, high temperature, light gas, heavy gas, door opening trip alarm, etc.); Status feedback: Supports simulation and feedback of energy storage status, locking status, interlocking signals, switch position signals, and protection action signals.

[0022] Typical applications: Convenient access and functional testing of relay protection devices (operation reliability, voltage and current, status signals, and non-electrical signals). "Three-in-two" functional testing of busbar-coupled automatic switching involving multiple relay protection devices (voltage and current monitoring, signal acquisition, feedback, and linkage logic verification).

[0023] Reference Figure 1 The operation panel is provided with a remote control interface, a status signal interface, a lock release interface, a power input switch, a backup power switch, a backup power interface, a status display panel, a three-in-two interlock release knob, a local control button, a voltage switch, a three-phase voltage interface, a current interface, a switch input and output interface (or non-electrical quantity interface) and an energy storage button; the status display panel includes a lock release indication, an energy storage indication and a status indication.

[0024] The remote control interface is used for external control of the circuit breaker opening and closing action, the status signal interface is used for circuit breaker opening and closing status signal feedback, the lock release interface is used to release the circuit breaker lock function, the power input switch is used to install the power input socket protection switch, the backup power switch is used to control the backup power interface protection switch, the backup power interface is used for DC 110V and AC / DC 220V backup power expansion ports, the status display panel is used for three circuit breaker action status simulation boards, the three-in-two interlock release knob is used for the three-in-two interlock input release control button, The local control button is used for local operation of the circuit breaker opening and closing buttons, the voltage switch is used for the two-way sampling voltage on and off button, the three-phase voltage interface is used for the three-phase two-way sampling voltage input and output expansion port, the current interface is used for the protection measurement current input and output expansion port, the non-electrical quantity interface is used for simulating equipment fault action or sending protection expansion port, the energy storage button is used for the QF1-QF3 circuit breaker energy storage switch, the lock release indication is used for the circuit breaker lock function release indicator light, the energy storage indication is used for the circuit breaker energy storage completion indicator light, and the status indication is used for the circuit breaker opening and closing status indicator light.

[0025] As a specific embodiment of the present invention: 1. Power supply circuit, refer to Figure 2 1. Main power supply circuit: Input: AC220V power is connected to the device; Main switch: When the main power switch S on the device panel (or operation panel) is closed, the main power supply circuit is turned on; Main rectification: The AC220V power is converted to DC via the rectifier module PS1, and the nominal DC110V output is used as the main working power supply within the device.

[0026] 2.DC110V standby output circuit: Input Source: Connected in parallel to the output of the PS1 rectifier module (DC110V); Protection and Control: Controlled on and off by miniature circuit breaker 1ZZK (2P); Output: When 1ZZK is closed, the DC110V power output from PS1 is connected to the DC110V red / black terminal blocks (banana jacks) on the panel; Function: This terminal provides a nominal DC110V voltage output and can serve as a backup power interface for external devices.

[0027] 3. Forced heat dissipation circuit: Power source: Line L, drawn from the output (downstream) of the main power switch S in the main power supply circuit; Line N, drawn from the input (upstream, i.e., AC side) of the PS1 rectifier module. Load: Two cooling fans connected in parallel between lines L and N. Operating logic: When the main power switch S is closed, the cooling fans immediately power on, providing forced exhaust and heat dissipation. This circuit is independent of the subsequent backup output circuit.

[0028] 4.DC220V standby output circuit: Input Source: The L and N lines are taken from the corresponding nodes of the forced cooling circuit (i.e., the L and N lines of the cooling fan circuit); Protection and Control: On / off control is controlled by miniature circuit breaker 2ZZK (2P); Rectification: Subsequently connected to rectifier module PS2; Output: When 2ZZK is closed, the AC220V power supply is rectified by PS2 to a nominal DC220V and output to the DC220V red / black terminals (banana jacks) on the panel; Function: This terminal provides a nominal DC220V voltage output and can serve as a backup power interface for external devices.

[0029] 5.AC220V standby output circuit: Input Source: The L and N lines are taken from the corresponding nodes of the forced cooling circuit (i.e., the L and N lines of the cooling fan circuit). Protection and Control: The L line is controlled by miniature circuit breaker 3ZZK (1P). Output: When 3ZZK is closed, AC220V power is directed to the AC220V receptacle on the panel. Function: This receptacle provides a nominal AC220V voltage output and can serve as a backup power interface for external devices.

[0030] 2. Working circuit, refer to Figure 3-7 1. Power on and off hold, refer to Figure 3 The working principle of the energized opening forced holding circuit is as follows: ①. Circuit composition: This circuit connects the following components in series: the third set of normally closed contacts (1KA4-3, 2KA4-3, 3KA4-3) of the closing relays (1KA4, 2KA4, 3KA4) corresponding to circuit breakers QF1, QF2, and QF3, and the coil of the opening holding relay KT1. The circuit is powered by the equipment's main operating power supply (nominal 110V DC output from the rectifier PS1).

[0031] ②. Initial forced opening process: When the main power switch S is closed, the DC110V power supply is established. At this point, since QF1 / QF2 / QF3 are all in the open state, their corresponding closing relays 1KA4 / 2KA4 / 3KA4 are not energized, so their third sets of normally closed contacts 1KA4-3 / 2KA4-3 / 3KA4-3 are all in the closed state.

[0032] The DC110V positive current flows through all the normally closed contacts in series (1KA4-3, 2KA4-3, 3KA4-3), then flows through the relay KT1 coil, and finally returns to the negative pole (see the circuit path for details). Figure 7 (indicated by red arrows).

[0033] The coil of relay KT1 is excited and its armature is attracted. The armature movement drives the three sets of normally open contacts of KT1 (KT1-1, KT1-2, KT1-3) from the open state to the closed state (see Figure 6 , QF1-QF3 opening holding relay).

[0034] ③. Opening holding mechanism: The contacts of KT1-1, KT1-2 and KT1-3 are closed, and the opening command circuits of QF1, QF2 and QF3 are connected (see Figure 3 , opening holding circuit). The opening command circuit is turned on, causing the opening relay 1KA5 of QF1 to be energized (the opening circuit structure and principle of QF2 and QF3 are the same, corresponding to 2KA5 and 3KA5, respectively). 1KA5 actuates to drive the circuit breaker QF1 to open (the same applies to QF2 and QF3).

[0035] Design purpose: This circuit ensures that when the device is initially powered on, regardless of the original state of QF1 / QF2 / QF3, it is forced to perform the opening operation and remain in the opening state.

[0036] ④. Closing interlock release: When any of the three circuit breakers, QF1, QF2, or QF3, is closed (for example, QF1), its corresponding closing relay (1KA4) is energized. Relay 1KA4's armature energizes, switching its contacts. Normally closed contact 1KA4-3, connected in series with the energized open circuit, opens. Because the forced open circuit is connected in series (1KA4-3, 2KA4-3, and 3KA4-3), opening any one contact opens the entire circuit, demagnetizing the KT1 coil. KT1's armature releases, and its normally open contacts, KT1-1, KT1-2, and KT1-3, return to their open states.

[0037] Result: The opening command circuit of QF1 / QF2 / QF3 is cut off (KT1-1, KT1-2, KT1-3 are disconnected), allowing the circuit breaker to perform the closing operation and maintain the closed state when other conditions are met.

[0038] 2. Local closing (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3 ) ①. Closing lock mechanism: An opening state interlocking point (physical disconnection point) is set at the front end of the closing circuit to simulate protective locking functions such as circuit breaker pressure loss tripping.

[0039] Release interlock operation: Use a dedicated short-circuit wire and insert it into the corresponding QF1 / QF2 / QF3 interlock release interface (banana socket) on the device panel to release the interlock and allow the closing command to be transmitted.

[0040] ②. Closing permission conditions (parallel logic): This path connects three sets of contacts in series: the normally closed contact 2KA4-1 of the QF2 closing relay 2KA4 (closed when QF2 is open), the normally closed contact 3KA4-1 of the QF3 closing relay 3KA4 (closed when QF3 is open), and the normally open contact 4KA1-1 of the three-in-two interlock release relay 4KA1 (closed only when 4KA1 is energized).

[0041] Logic Description: This parallel structure forms an "OR" logic; as long as any one of the contacts 2KA4-1, 3KA4-1, or 4KA1-1 is in the closed state, the positive power supply of line 101 can be connected to line 103, meeting one of the basic conditions for the closing circuit to be turned on.

[0042] ③. Closing execution process: Energy storage status confirmation: When the circuit breaker spring operating mechanism completes energy storage, its auxiliary contact KT2-1 (normally closed / normally open contact) is closed.

[0043] Manual closing trigger: When the above closing permission conditions are met (line number 103 is energized) and the KT2-1 contact is closed, press the QF1 closing button SB1 on the equipment panel.

[0044] Circuit conduction and operation: The QF1 local closing circuit is connected, and the coil of the QF1 closing relay 1KA3 is energized. 1KA3 drives the QF1 circuit breaker actuator, completing the closing operation and bringing QF1 into the closed state.

[0045] 3. Remote closing (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3 ) ① Basic premise: The remote closing function must meet the same preconditions as the local closing function: Complete the lock release operation at the front end of the closing circuit (by short-circuiting the corresponding interface of the panel), confirm that the circuit breaker energy storage is completed (the auxiliary contact KT2-1 in the energy storage state is in the closed state), and meet the closing permission logic (that is, the command path of line numbers 101 to 103 is turned on, which is guaranteed by the parallel logic of 2KA4-1, 3KA4-1, and 4KA1-1).

[0046] ②. Remote command trigger: Using an external control signal (such as a remote SCADA system command), short-circuit the QF1 remote closing interface 1n (red / black banana jack) on the device panel. This operation is equivalent to establishing a closed circuit at the remote closing command input.

[0047] ③. Circuit conduction and action: When interface 1n is short-circuited, the QF1 remote closing command circuit is connected; this circuit energizes the coil of QF1 remote closing relay 1KA4. 1KA4's action (usually through its contacts) triggers the closing actuator of QF1 circuit breaker, ultimately closing QF1.

[0048] Design points: The remote closing command circuit replaces the function of the local closing button SB1 at the logical level, providing the ability to remotely control closing.

[0049] 4. Closing state retention (self-locking) and opening and closing interlocking mechanism (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3 ) ①. Instantaneous characteristics of local closing circuit: The local closing button SB1 is a non-holding (momentary) switch; when SB1 is pressed, the QF1 closing relay 1KA3 coil is energized, driving the circuit breaker to complete the closing operation; SB1 is immediately reset after being released (the contacts are disconnected), causing the local closing main circuit to be cut off.

[0050] ②、Closing state self-holding circuit (i.e. "closing self-locking circuit"): Circuit composition: An independent branch connected in parallel between the KT2-1 contact and the SB1 switch in the local closing main circuit. This self-locking circuit connects the following components in series: the normally closed contact 1KA5-4 of the QF1 opening relay 1KA5 and the normally open contact 1KA3-1 of the QF1 closing relay 1KA3.

[0051] Self-locking establishment process: When SB1 is pressed and 1KA3 is excited, its normally open contact 1KA3-1 changes from the open state to the closed state. The closing of 1KA3-1 connects the closing self-locking circuit.

[0052] Maintained Locking Function: After the self-locking circuit is energized, even if SB1 is released and the energy storage contact KT2-1 subsequently opens (for example, after a spring discharge), current continues to flow through the self-locking circuit (1KA5-4 → 1KA3-1) through the 1KA3 coil and back to the negative terminal. This current maintains the continuous excitation state of 1KA3, thereby keeping the QF1 circuit breaker in the closed position.

[0053] ③. Opening and closing interlocking mechanism: Interlocking Implementation: The normally closed contact 1KA5-4 of 1KA5, which is connected in series with the self-locking circuit, also performs the electrical interlocking function for opening and closing. Action Logic: When QF1 performs the opening operation, its opening relay 1KA5 is energized. The action of 1KA5 causes its normally closed contact 1KA5-4 to change from the closed state to the open state. Interlocking Effect: The opening of 1KA5-4 forcibly cuts off the closing self-locking circuit, resulting in: demagnetization of the 1KA3 coil, The QF1 closing command is released.

[0054] Design Purpose: This interlocking design ensures that the closing circuit (including the main circuit and the self-locking circuit) is in a reliably disconnected state during and after the circuit breaker is opened. This effectively prevents circuit breaker "close-open" jumping (breaker pumping) caused by abnormal control signals and other reasons, thereby ensuring equipment safety.

[0055] 5. Locking indication and release mechanism (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3-4 ) ①. Lockout indication circuit: The normally closed contact 1KA1-1 of the locking relay 1KA1 and the locking indicator light HY1 are connected in series in this circuit; initial state indication: When the equipment is connected to the external power supply and the main power switch S is closed: the lockout indication circuit is connected (because the normally closed contact 1KA1-1 is in the closed state), and the QF1 locking indicator light is on.

[0056] Indication meaning: This state indicates that the QF1 circuit breaker is in the closing lock state, and the closing operation is prohibited at this time.

[0057] ②. Lock release operation and status switching: Release Operation: Use a dedicated shorting wire to plug into the QF1 lock release port (banana jack) marked on the device panel. Circuit Action: This shorting operation connects the lock release command circuit, energizing the coil of lockout relay 1KA1. This action causes its normally closed contact 1KA1-1 to change from closed to open. Status Update: Disconnection of 1KA1-1 forcibly disconnects the lockout indication circuit, and the QF1 lockout indicator turns off.

[0058] Indication meaning: This status indicates that the QF1 circuit breaker locking state has been released, allowing subsequent closing operations.

[0059] 6. Local opening, opening self-locking and closing interlocking mechanism (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3 ) ①. Local trip triggering and execution: Press the QF1 trip button SB2 on the equipment panel, the QF1 local trip command circuit is connected, the QF1 trip relay 1KA5 coil is energized, and 1KA5 drives the QF1 circuit breaker to perform the trip operation, making it enter the trip state.

[0060] ②. Opening state self-holding circuit (i.e. "opening self-locking circuit"): Circuit composition: An independent branch connected in parallel to both ends of the trip button SB2. The self-locking circuit connects the following components in series: the normally closed contact 1KA3-4 of the QF1 closing relay 1KA3 (closed when QF1 is open) and the normally open contact 1KA5-1 of the QF1 opening relay 1KA5.

[0061] Self-locking process: When 1KA5 is energized, its normally open contact 1KA5-1 switches from open to closed. The closing of 1KA5-1 activates the open self-locking circuit. Self-locking maintenance function: After the self-locking circuit is energized, even if the SB2 button is released (the contacts open), current continues to flow through the self-locking circuit (1KA3-4 → 1KA5-1) through the 1KA5 coil and back to the negative terminal. This current maintains the continuous excitation of 1KA5, thereby keeping the QF1 circuit breaker in the open position.

[0062] ③. Opening and closing interlocking mechanism: Interlocking Implementation: 1KA3's normally closed contacts, connected in series in the self-locking circuit, also function as the electrical interlock for opening and closing. Operational Logic: When QF1 closes, its closing relay, 1KA3, is energized. This activation of 1KA3 causes its normally closed contacts, 1KA3-4, to switch from closed to open.

[0063] Interlocking effect: 1KA3-4 is disconnected and the self-locking circuit of the opening circuit is forcibly cut off, resulting in: 1KA5 coil demagnetization and QF1 opening command being released.

[0064] Design Purpose: This interlocking design ensures that the opening circuit (including the main circuit and the self-locking circuit) is in a reliably disconnected state during and after the circuit breaker closing process. This effectively prevents circuit breaker "open-close" jumping (breaker pumping) caused by abnormal control signals and other reasons, thereby ensuring equipment safety.

[0065] 7. Remote opening (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3 ) Remote command triggering: Using an external control signal (such as a remote SCADA system command), short-circuit the remote tripping interface 1n (the red / black banana jack) marked QF1 on the device panel. This operation is equivalent to establishing a closed circuit at the remote tripping command input.

[0066] Circuit conduction and action: When interface 1n is short-circuited and closed, the QF1 remote opening command circuit is connected. This circuit drives the excitation action of the QF1 opening relay 1KA5 coil. The action of 1KA5 triggers the opening operation actuator of the QF1 circuit breaker, and finally puts QF1 into the opening state.

[0067] Functional equivalence: This remote trip command circuit functionally replaces the operation of the local trip button SB2, providing the ability to remotely control the trip.

[0068] 8. Energy storage circuit, energy storage release, energy storage indication (take QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3-4 ) The energy storage control and energy release linkage mechanism of the QF1 circuit breaker is as follows: ①. Energy Storage Circuit Initial State: The energy storage circuit is connected in series with the following components: normally closed contact 1KA2-1 of QF1 closing release relay 1KA2 (initially closed), QF1 energy storage rotary switch SA1 (initially open), and the coil of QF1 energy storage relay KT2. Initial conditions: 1KA2-1 is closed, SA1 is open, and the energy storage circuit is open.

[0069] ② Manual Energy Storage Start: Turn the QF1 energy storage knob SA1 on the panel to the closed position. The energy storage circuit is connected (1KA2-1 closed + SA1 closed) → QF1 energy storage relay KT2 coil is energized. QF1 energy storage relay KT2 is a time-delayed relay. After energization, the energy storage action is completed after a preset delay (typical value 3s).

[0070] Energy storage status indication: After KT2 is actuated, its normally closed contact KT2-2 is closed → the QF1 energy storage indication circuit is connected → the energy storage indicator light is on.

[0071] ③. Energy Storage State Retention: SA1 is a self-holding switch that remains on after closing. A set of normally open contacts, KT2-3, of KT2, are connected in parallel to the input and output terminals of SA1. When KT2 is energized, KT2-3 closes, forming a conduction path parallel to SA1. This way, even if SA1 is accidentally reset and disconnected, current can still flow through KT2-3 to maintain the energy storage circuit. For the energy storage circuit to remain on, the following conditions must simultaneously be met: at least one of SA1 or KT2-3 remains closed, and 1KA2-1 remains closed (i.e., the 1KA2 relay is inactive).

[0072] Maintenance result: KT2 remains in the excitation state → KT2-2 remains closed → the energy storage indicator light is always on.

[0073] ④. Closing linkage energy release and energy storage release: Triggering condition: The QF1 circuit breaker closes. Linkage process: QF1 closing relay 1KA4 is energized, and its normally open contact 1KA4-4 closes. 1KA4-4 closes, and the energy storage circuit is connected. QF1 closing relay 1KA2 is energized, and 1KA2 activates, and its normally closed contact 1KA2-1 switches from closed to open.

[0074] Energy storage release: 1KA2-1 is disconnected → energy storage circuit is cut off → KT2 is demagnetized. Status indication: KT2 is demagnetized → KT2-2 returns to the disconnected state → energy storage indication circuit is disconnected → energy storage indicator light goes out.

[0075] Design intention: Closing operation consumes stored energy and releases the stored energy state.

[0076] ⑤. Automatic re-storage of energy after opening the circuit breaker: Triggering condition: QF1 circuit breaker performs opening operation.

[0077] Linkage process: QF1 closing relay 1KA4 loses excitation → its normally open contact 1KA4-4 returns to the open state. 1KA4-4 opens → the energy storage and release circuit is cut off → 1KA2 loses excitation. 1KA2 loses excitation → its normally closed contact 1KA2-1 returns to the closed state from the open state.

[0078] Automatic energy storage: 1KA2-1 is closed + SA1 is still closed → the energy storage circuit is automatically turned on → KT2 is excited → energy storage is completed after a 3s delay → KT2-2 is closed → the energy storage indicator light is on.

[0079] Design intention: to reserve energy for the next closing operation.

[0080] 9. Three-in-two chain mechanism (refer to Figure 3 ) ①. Closing permission circuit structure: In the QF1 closing command path (line number 101 to 103 section), three groups of conditional contacts are connected in parallel: the normally closed contact 2KA4-1 of the QF2 closing relay 2KA4, the normally closed contact 3KA4-1 of the QF3 closing relay 3KA4, and the normally open contact 4KA1-1 of the three-in-two interlock release relay 4KA1 (controlled by the interlock release command).

[0081] ②. Principle of interlocking logic implementation: Default locking condition: When QF2 and QF3 are both in the closed state: their corresponding closing relays 2KA4 / 3KA4 are energized → normally closed contacts 2KA4-1 / 3KA4-1 are disconnected, and interlock release contact 4KA1-1 remains normally open (interlock release is not activated).

[0082] Logical result: All parallel contact groups are in the open state → 101-03 path is forcibly disconnected. Operation prohibited: The QF1 closing circuit cannot be connected due to the interruption of the command path, and the QF1 circuit breaker cannot be closed.

[0083] ③、Design intention: This design enforces the three-in-two selection logic: any two circuit breakers in the system are closed → the third circuit breaker closing operation is locked Safety goal: Prevent unplanned parallel operation of two power supplies and ensure that the system complies with the standard operation mode of "two incoming lines and one connection".

[0084] ④. Typical application scenario description: This interlocking design is specifically designed for distribution systems with two incoming lines (QF1 / QF2) and one tie switch (QF3): During normal operation, only two incoming lines or one incoming line + tie switch closing (commonly known as three-in-two) are allowed.

[0085] 10. Three-in-two chain release (refer to Figure 3 ) ①. Interlock release trigger: Turn the three-in-two interlock release knob switch SA4 on the equipment panel to the closed position, the three-in-two interlock release command circuit is connected, and the three-in-two interlock release relay 4KA1 coil is energized.

[0086] ② Forced release of the interlocking state: After 4KA1 is actuated, its normally open contact 4KA1-1 switches from open to closed. At this point, regardless of whether the QF2 / QF3 circuit breaker is open or closed, and its corresponding contact 2KA4-1 / 3KA4-1 is closed or open, current can flow through the closed 4KA1-1 contact, forcing the closing command path (line number 101→103).

[0087] System status: The three-in-two interlocking function is manually forcibly released.

[0088] ③. Closing operation permission: The interlock is released to connect the closing command path. At this time, the QF1 circuit breaker closing operation can be performed according to the operating procedures.

[0089] ④. State holding mechanism: SA4 is a self-holding knob switch, which maintains the on state after closing. The holding condition is: the three-in-two interlock release circuit is continuously turned on and the SA4 remains in the closed position (not manually reset).

[0090] Holding result: 4KA1 is continuously excited → 4KA1-1 remains closed → the interlock release state remains in effect.

[0091] ⑤ Status reset: Manually turn the SA4 knob to the disconnect position, the interlock release circuit is open, 4KA1 loses magnetism → 4KA1-1 returns to the normally open state.

[0092] System recovery: The three-in-two interlocking function is reactivated. After any two circuit breakers are closed, the third circuit breaker is prohibited from closing.

[0093] 11. Opening and closing indication (taking QF1 as an example, refer to Figure 3-4 ) ①. Loop structure: The indicator loop adopts a dual-channel independent control architecture: Closing indication channel: controlled by the normally open contact 1KA3-2 of the QF1 closing relay 1KA3, connected to the closing terminal and common end of the opening and closing indicator light HL4; opening indication channel: controlled by the normally open contact 1KA5-2 of the QF1 opening relay 1KA5, connected to the opening terminal and common end of HL4.

[0094] ②. Status indication logic: Closing status indication: When QF1 performs the closing operation → 1KA3 excitation action, 1KA3-2 contacts are closed → the closing indication channel is turned on, and the HL4 indicator light is activated (typically marked by a red vertical line).

[0095] Opening status indication: When QF1 performs the opening operation → 1KA5 excitation action, 1KA5-2 contacts are closed → the opening indication channel is turned on, and the HL4 indicator light is activated (typically marked by a green horizontal line).

[0096] ③. Electrical interlocking protection: Based on the design of the opening and closing interlock: the 1KA3 closing relay and the 1KA5 opening relay are not allowed to be energized at the same time, and it is physically impossible for the contacts 1KA3-2 and 1KA5-2 to be closed at the same time.

[0097] Indication certainty: Under any working condition, HL4 can only present: single color light (red closing indication or green opening indication), completely dark state (fault state or equipment power off).

[0098] 12. Three-phase voltage input and output interface (refer to Figure 6 , SB10) Design Key Points: This interface integrates three-phase AC voltage signal transmission and control. Its core structure comprises an input side, an output side, and a loop control unit. The loop control unit utilizes a self-locking pushbutton switch, the SB10, connected in series between the input and output sides. The input side connects to the external three-phase power input terminals, while the output side connects to the secondary voltage input terminals of the device under test (e.g., a switchgear integrated protection device).

[0099] Working logic: When the operator presses the three-phase power operation button (SB10) on the equipment panel, the button contacts are closed instantaneously and maintained, the interface circuit is connected, and the three-phase voltage signal is transmitted from the input side to the output side; when the operator presses the button again, the internal mechanism of the button is reset, the contacts return to the disconnected state, the interface circuit is cut off, and the output side voltage signal is immediately interrupted.

[0100] Functional positioning and application scenarios: This interface can be used as a standard test interface. Its typical application scenario is: one end is connected to the voltage output terminal of the relay protection tester, and the other end is connected to the secondary voltage input terminal of the switchgear integrated protection device, realizing convenient simulation of the system pressure loss condition.

[0101] Dual-interface collaborative expansion: When used together, the two sets of interfaces can simultaneously provide three-phase voltage input for integrated protection devices with two incoming cabinets (such as 1DL and 2DL) or one incoming cabinet and one connecting cabinet (such as 1DL+5DL). These interfaces support the integrated operations of "simulating system voltage loss" and "backup automatic switching logic verification," significantly improving the debugging efficiency and accuracy of relay protection devices.

[0102] 13. Switching input and output (refer to Figure 6 , SB12) Design Description: This interface shares the same design principles as three-phase voltage input and output ports, with its core function being the transmission and control of digital signals. Its physical structure comprises a signal input side, a signal output side, and a loop control unit. The loop control unit utilizes a self-locking pushbutton switch connected in series within the signal transmission path. The input side interfaces with an external digital signal source (e.g., a sensor or trigger device), while the output side connects to the digital input terminals of the device under test (e.g., a switchgear integrated protection device).

[0103] Working logic and action characteristics: When the operator presses the switch action button on the equipment panel (such as button SB12), the internal mechanical structure of the button drives the contacts to close (normally open contact is connected, normally closed contact is disconnected) and maintain it. At this time, the signal transmission path is connected, and the external switch signal (such as high temperature alarm, over-temperature signal, access control trigger signal, etc.) can be transmitted from the input side to the output side through the closed contact; when the operator presses the button switch again, the contacts return to the initial state (normally open contact is disconnected, normally closed contact is closed), the signal transmission path is cut off, and the output side is isolated from the input side.

[0104] Functional positioning and application expansion: This interface serves as a standardized test node for the interaction of switching signals. Typical application scenarios are: the input side is connected to an external trigger source (such as the dry contact signal output by a temperature sensor or the normally closed contact of a door magnetic switch), and the output side is connected to the switching input terminal of the switch cabinet integrated protection device (such as terminal block X2:1-4), realizing convenient testing and verification of the switching action logic of the protection device.

[0105] The above description uses specific numbered components (such as QF1 circuit breaker, push button switch SB1, port 1, etc.) as an example. The structural principles, operating logic, and functional characteristics of other similar components are consistent with them and will not be repeated here.

[0106] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker simulation device, comprising an operation panel, a power supply circuit, and a working circuit connected to the power supply circuit, characterized in that: The working circuit includes a power-on opening holding circuit, a local closing circuit, a remote closing circuit, a closing self-locking circuit, a lock release circuit, a local opening circuit, a remote opening circuit, a opening self-locking circuit, a lock indication circuit, an energy storage circuit, an energy storage release circuit, an energy storage indication circuit, an opening and closing indication circuit, and a three-in-two interlock release circuit; the power-on opening holding circuit is connected in parallel with the local closing circuit, the remote closing circuit, the closing self-locking circuit, the lock release circuit, the local opening circuit, the remote opening circuit, and the opening self-locking circuit; the lock indication circuit is connected in parallel with the energy storage circuit, the energy storage release circuit, the energy storage indication circuit, the opening and closing indication circuit, and the three-in-two interlock release circuit; The device is provided with a circuit breaker QF1, a circuit breaker QF2 and a circuit breaker QF3, and the closing relays corresponding to the circuit breakers QF1, QF2 and QF3 are closing relays 1KA4, 2KA4 and 3KA4 respectively; the energized opening holding circuit includes a third group of normally closed contacts 1KA4-3, 2KA4-3 and 3KA4-3 of the closing relays 1KA4, 2KA4 and 3KA4 connected in series and an opening holding relay; The local closing circuit includes a lock release contact, a contact group, an auxiliary contact KT, a closing button SB, and a closing relay KA3 connected in series. The remote closing circuit is established by short-circuiting the remote closing interface 1n in the remote control interface on the operation panel. The closing self-locking circuit is an independent branch connected in parallel between the auxiliary contact KT and the closing button SB in the local closing circuit. The normally closed contact KA5-4 of the opening relay KA5 and the normally open contact KA3-1 of the closing relay KA3 are connected in series on this independent branch. The lock release circuit is established by short-circuiting the lock release interface on the operation panel. The locking relay is connected in series in this circuit. The local trip circuit includes a trip button and a trip relay KA5 connected in series. The remote trip circuit is established by short-circuiting the remote trip interface 1n in the remote control interface on the operation panel. The trip self-locking circuit is an independent branch connected in parallel to both ends of the trip button. The normally closed contact KA3-4 of the closing relay KA3 and the normally open contact KA5-1 of the trip relay KA5 are connected in series on this independent branch. The locking indication circuit includes the normally closed contact KA1-1 of the locking relay KA1 and the locking indicator light HY connected in series; the energy storage circuit includes the normally closed contact KA2-1 of the closing energy release relay KA2, the energy storage button SA and the energy storage relay connected in series, and a group of normally open contacts of the energy storage relay are connected in parallel at the input and output ends of the energy storage button SA; one end of the energy storage release circuit and the energy storage indication circuit are connected in parallel to the input end of the normally closed contact KA2-1 of the closing energy release relay KA2 on the energy storage circuit, and the other end is connected to the common end; the energy storage release circuit is connected in series with the closing relay K A4's normally open contact KA4-4 and closing energy release relay KA2; the energy storage indication circuit is connected in series with a moving contact and an energy storage indicator light; the opening and closing indication circuit includes a closing indication channel and an opening indication channel, the closing indication channel is connected in series with the normally open contact KA3-2 and the opening and closing indicator light of the closing relay KA3 in sequence, and the opening indication channel is connected to the opening and closing indicator light terminal and the common end by the normally open contact KA5-2 of the opening relay KA5; the three-in-two interlocking release circuit includes a three-in-two interlocking release knob SA4 and a three-in-two interlocking release relay 4KA1 connected in series in sequence.

2. A circuit breaker simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operation panel is provided with a remote control interface (1), a status signal interface (2), a lock release interface (3), a power input switch (4), a backup power switch (5), a backup power interface (16), a status display panel (9), a three-in-two interlock release knob (10), a local control button (11), a voltage switch (12), a three-phase voltage interface (13), a current interface (14), a switch input and output interface (15) and an energy storage button; the status display panel (9) includes a lock release indication, an energy storage indication and a status indication.

3. A circuit breaker simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The remote control interface (1) includes QF1 remote closing, QF1 remote opening, QF2 remote closing, QF2 remote opening, QF3 remote closing and QF3 remote opening; the status signal interface (2) includes QF1 closing signal, QF1 opening signal, QF2 closing signal, QF2 opening signal, QF3 closing signal and QF3 opening signal; the lock release interface (3) includes QF1 lock release, QF2 lock release and QF3 lock release; the backup power switch (5) includes DC110V A power socket switch, a DC220V power socket switch and an AC220V socket power switch; the backup power interface (16) includes a DC110V power interface, a DC220V power interface and an AC220V socket; the local control button (11) includes a QF1 opening button, a QF1 closing button, a QF2 opening button, a QF2 closing button, a QF3 opening button and a QF3 closing button; the three-phase voltage interface (13) includes a three-phase power input and output interface 1 and a three-phase power input and output interface 2.

4. A circuit breaker simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit includes a main power supply circuit, a DC110V standby output circuit, a forced heat dissipation circuit, a DC220V standby output circuit and an AC220V standby output circuit; The main power supply circuit is connected to the device with AC220V power supply as input. After the main power switch S of the operation panel is closed, the main power supply circuit is turned on, and the AC220V power supply is converted into AC / DC through the rectifier module PS1, and the nominal DC110V output is used as the main working power supply inside the device; The DC110V standby output circuit is connected in parallel to the output end of the rectifier module PS1 and is controlled on and off by the miniature circuit breaker 1ZZK (2P); when the miniature circuit breaker 1ZZK is closed, the DC110V power output by the rectifier module PS1 is led to the DC110V power interface on the operation panel; The L line of the forced heat dissipation circuit is taken from the output end of the main power switch S of the main power supply circuit, and the N line of the forced heat dissipation circuit is taken from the input end of the rectifier module PS1. Two cooling fans are connected in parallel between the L line and the N line of the forced heat dissipation circuit; The L and N lines of the DC220V standby output circuit are taken from the corresponding L and N lines of the forced heat dissipation circuit, are controlled by the miniature circuit breaker 2ZZK (2P), and are subsequently connected to the rectifier module PS2; when the miniature circuit breaker 2ZZK is closed, the AC220V power supply is rectified to the nominal DC220V by the rectifier module PS2 and output to the DC220V power interface of the operation panel; The L and N wires of the AC220V standby output circuit are taken from the corresponding L and N wires of the forced cooling circuit. The L wire is controlled by the miniature circuit breaker 3ZZK (1P). When the miniature circuit breaker 3ZZK is closed, the AC220V power supply is led to the AC220V socket of the operation panel.

5. A circuit breaker simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power-on and opening holding circuit is powered by the main power supply circuit of the equipment, which is a nominal DC110V output by the PS1 rectification.

6. A circuit breaker simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact group is composed of three groups of parallel contacts, which are the normally closed contact 2KA4-1 of the closing relay 2KA4, the normally closed contact 3KA4-1 of the closing relay 3KA4 and the normally open contact 4KA1-1 of the three-in-two interlock release relay 4KA1; or the three groups of parallel contacts are the normally closed contact 1KA4-1 of the closing relay 1KA4, the normally closed contact 3KA4-2 of the closing relay 3KA4 and the normally open contact 4KA1-2 of the three-in-two interlock release relay 4KA1; or the three groups of parallel contacts are the normally closed contact 1KA4-2 of the closing relay 1KA4, the normally closed contact 2KA4-2 of the closing relay 2KA4 and the normally open contact 4KA1-3 of the three-in-two interlock release relay 4KA1.

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