Energy storage concrete guardrail and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage concrete guardrail and a preparation method thereof, the guardrail comprises a super capacitor and a concrete outer layer, the super capacitor comprises two concrete composite electrodes arranged at an interval and an electrolyte sealed in a gap between the concrete composite electrodes; the concrete composite electrode comprises a concrete electrode and a current collector inserted into the concrete electrode, and the concrete composite electrode is mainly prepared by the following steps: uniformly mixing second concrete mortar, paper fibers, nano carbon black and a water reducing agent to prepare conductive concrete mixed slurry; and pouring the conductive concrete mixed slurry into a mold, and shaping and curing the conductive concrete mixed slurry and a current collector. The concrete composite electrode material adopted by the energy storage concrete guardrail has relatively high specific capacitance and mechanical strength and is low in cost, so that the energy storage concrete guardrail realizes integration of an energy storage function and safety protection under the condition that the energy storage concrete guardrail meets the requirements of structural safety and durability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of road facilities, and in particular to an energy storage concrete guardrail and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional concrete guardrails, a crucial component of infrastructure such as roads and bridges, primarily provide physical protection, such as preventing vehicles from crossing the boundary and mitigating collision impacts. However, existing technologies generally prioritize mechanical performance and durability in the design and material selection of concrete guardrails, lacking integrated energy conversion and storage capabilities. Cement-based supercapacitors, as a "structure-function integrated" energy storage technology, are triggering a paradigm shift in the construction and energy sectors.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application CN107195478A provides a graphene / magnesium phosphate cement structure supercapacitor and its preparation, using graphene as the electrode material and magnesium phosphate cement as the solid electrolyte. Compared with existing technologies, the solid electrolyte of this capacitor is simple to prepare and has an early compressive strength of 5 to 7.5 MPa. However, this structured supercapacitor suffers from the poor performance of magnesium phosphate cement and its later strength is insufficient to meet the load-bearing requirements of building components. Furthermore, the high price of the graphene electrode limits the volume of the corresponding cement-based electrolyte, making it difficult to apply on a large scale. Therefore, it is difficult to apply to road infrastructure.

[0004] Therefore, the development of concrete guardrails with good mechanical properties, excellent energy storage capacity and low cost is of great significance to the realization of energy storage in road facilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy storage concrete guardrail and a preparation method thereof, which can realize the integration of energy storage function and safety protection while meeting the requirements of structural safety and durability.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An energy storage concrete guardrail comprises: a concrete outer layer, a supercapacitor, and a waterproof coating. The concrete outer layer comprises a front portion, an upper portion, a rear portion, and a lower portion connected end to end to form a hollow frame. The supercapacitor is tightly filled in the hollow frame. The waterproof coating wraps the outer surface of the concrete outer layer and the left and right sides of the supercapacitor. The supercapacitor comprises two spaced-apart concrete composite electrodes and an electrolyte sealed in the gap between the concrete composite electrodes. The concrete composite electrode is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the hollow frame and comprises a concrete electrode and a current collector inserted into the concrete electrode. The concrete composite electrode is mainly manufactured by the following method: Mixing and slurrying: uniformly mixing the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, nano carbon black and water reducer to prepare a conductive concrete mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the second concrete mortar, paper fiber and nano carbon black is 1: (0.005-0.01): (0.01-0.02), and the mass ratio of the water reducer to nano carbon black is 0.08-0.1:1; Shaping and curing: the conductive concrete mixed slurry is poured into a mold and shaped and cured together with the current collector to obtain a concrete composite electrode.

[0007] The outer concrete layer is made of conventional concrete, which refers to existing, non-conductive concrete. The outer concrete layer can be prepared by thoroughly mixing cement, standard sand, and water in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 4:0.5, followed by shaping and curing. The cement used is conventional, including various commercially available cement types.

[0008] In the concrete composite electrode, the second concrete mortar primarily serves as the electrode's matrix material. This second concrete mortar is primarily composed of cement, standard sand, and water, thoroughly stirred and uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 4:0.5. The cement described in this invention is conventional and includes various commercially available cement types. After the second concrete mortar is shaped and cured, it serves as the concrete matrix of the concrete composite electrode.

[0009] The concrete matrix of the concrete composite electrode and the nano carbon black and paper fibers dispersed therein constitute the concrete electrode. Nano carbon black, as a conductive material, forms a conductive network path in the concrete matrix and can adsorb charged ions to form a double layer to play an energy storage role. The particle size of the nano carbon black is preferably 15 to 40 nm, and the specific surface area is greater than 100 m 2 / g.

[0010] Paper fibers mainly open up the closed pores inside the concrete and guide the nano-carbon black in the pores to connect together to form a conductive carbon network. The addition of paper fibers builds a connecting bridge for the nano-carbon black in different pores, which can minimize the loss of compressive strength of the concrete matrix while increasing the capacitance. The paper fibers include various plant fiber raw materials used for papermaking or are processed into fibrous finished products by waste paper scraps through processing equipment; wherein, the waste paper scraps include cardboard boxes, paper rolls, newspapers, book paper and other materials. The paper fibers can be gray paper fibers or turmeric paper fibers. Preferably, the particle size of the paper fibers is 10 to 20 μm.

[0011] The main function of the water reducer is to reduce water usage and improve concrete strength. Its addition promotes the formation of conductive concrete slurry under low water-cement ratio conditions. If the water reducer is omitted, the presence of nanocarbon black during stirring makes it difficult to form a slurry under normal water-cement ratio conditions. The water reducer is preferably a surfactant such as a polycarboxylate water reducer or a naphthalene-based water reducer.

[0012] The shaping and curing step includes: first pouring the conductive concrete mixture into the mold to shape it, then inserting a current collector into the conductive concrete mixture, and then shaping, demolding, and curing for 20 to 30 days to obtain the concrete composite electrode. The main function of the current collector is to collect the current stored on the concrete electrode to form a larger current for external output. The current collector can be inserted into the conductive concrete mixture, that is, embedded in the conductive concrete mixture. The material of the current collector is an existing material, such as copper, aluminum and other metal materials, and can also be a carbon fiber rod mesh structure. Preferably, the current collector is a grid-shaped current collector made of carbon fiber rods, and the diameter of the carbon fiber rods is 2 to 3 mm; this avoids the problems of metal current collectors being easily rusted and having poor durability.

[0013] Preferably, for ease of construction and preparation, the supercapacitor is in the shape of a cuboid. The electrolyte is preferably a potassium chloride (KCl) solution with a concentration of 1-2 mol / L.

[0014] The electrolyte is sealed in the gaps between the concrete composite electrodes by a sealant.

[0015] The energy storage concrete guardrail further includes a waterproof coating wrapped around the outer layer of the concrete. The thickness of the waterproof coating is preferably 2-3 mm and can be made of waterproof insulating materials such as waterproof mortar, waterproof asphalt, waterproof transparent glue, etc.

[0016] The two concrete composite electrodes in the energy storage concrete barrier are made by inserting current collectors into a conductive concrete mixture, serving as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively. A gap is defined between the two concrete composite electrodes, which is filled with electrolyte to form an ion path. The exterior is encased in ordinary concrete and coated with a waterproof coating, forming a complete supercapacitor serving as an energy storage unit. Charging and discharging are achieved through the migration of ions in the electrolyte. When the external voltage is higher than that of the supercapacitor (energy storage unit), ions in the electrolyte are concentrated in the electrodes to store electrical energy. When the external voltage is lower than that of the supercapacitor (energy storage unit), the supercapacitor (energy storage unit) releases the electrical energy.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned energy storage concrete guardrail, comprising: Preparing the concrete outer layer: pouring a first concrete mortar into a predetermined guardrail mold, demoulding after setting and curing, and forming a concrete outer layer with a cavity. The concrete outer layer is connected end to end by the front, upper, rear and lower parts to form a hollow frame; Mixing slurry: uniformly mixing the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, nano carbon black and water reducer to prepare a conductive concrete mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the second concrete mortar, paper fiber and nano carbon black is 1: (0.005-0.01): (0.01-0.02), and the mass ratio of the water reducer to nano carbon black is 0.08-0.1: 1; Shaping and curing: inserting a partition in the middle of the cavity, injecting the conductive concrete slurry on both sides of the partition, and inserting a current collector into the conductive concrete slurry on each side, and then shaping and curing. Two concrete composite electrodes can be obtained in 20 to 30 days. Filling the electrolyte: The separator is pulled out to form a gap between the two concrete composite electrodes. The gap is first sealed with a sealant to form a sealed cavity for filling the electrolyte; an injection port and an exhaust hole are then drilled in the sealant that seals the gap, and the electrolyte is filled into the sealed cavity through the injection port. The injection port and the exhaust hole are then sealed to produce a supercapacitor; Preparing a waterproof coating: coating waterproof mortar on the outer surface of the concrete outer layer and the left and right sides of the supercapacitor to form a waterproof coating.

[0018] The first concrete mortar is prepared by fully stirring and uniformly mixing cement, standard sand and water in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 4:0.5.

[0019] Therefore, the above-mentioned energy storage concrete guardrail structure provided by the present invention is formed by a phased casting process to integrate the concrete guardrail with the supercapacitor as an energy storage structure. The concrete composite electrode is prepared by utilizing the reinforcing characteristics of paper fibers and the conductive characteristics of nano-carbon black. Nano-carbon black spontaneously forms a conductive carbon network distributed inside the concrete matrix during the cement hydration process. The paper fibers mainly open up the closed pores inside the concrete and guide the nano-carbon black in the pores to connect together to form a conductive carbon network, which can minimize the loss of compressive strength of the concrete substrate while improving the capacitance. Combined with a certain ratio of water reducer, the mechanical properties and energy storage density of the electrode are significantly improved. The electrolyte sealing design and the outer layer waterproof mortar coating technology effectively isolate environmental erosion and ensure long-term stability. At the same time, low-cost industrial materials are used to achieve functional integration, combining the dual effectiveness of structural protection and energy storage, and the standardized production process is easy to apply on a large scale, providing an innovative solution for the coordinated development of green buildings and new energy storage facilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a concrete composite electrode provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 SEM image of the concrete composite electrode provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supercapacitor used in the concrete composite electrode performance test of the present invention; Figure 4 The constant current charge-discharge curve (GCD) diagram of the electrochemical performance test of the concrete composite electrode provided by Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention; Figure 5 Cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves of electrochemical performance tests of the concrete composite electrodes prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention; Figure 6 A front view of the energy storage concrete guardrail provided in Example 4 of the present invention; Figure 7 A side view of the energy storage concrete guardrail provided in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, the numbers in the above figures are: 1-waterproof insulation layer, 2-concrete composite electrode, 3-diaphragm, 4-current collector, 5-concrete outer layer, 6-concrete composite electrode, 62-concrete electrode, 64-current collector, 7-electrolyte, 8-waterproof coating. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] The endpoints of the ranges and any values ​​disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoints of each range, the endpoints of each range and individual point values, and the individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to form one or more new numerical ranges, and these numerical ranges should be considered to be specifically disclosed in the present invention.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified and / or explained, all numerical values ​​involving component amounts are by weight. Unless otherwise specified, the terms used in the present invention are commonly used in the relevant field. The preparation processes, testing methods, etc. used in the various embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art unless otherwise explained. The raw materials and equipment used are all available from public commercial sources.

[0025] In the following examples or comparative examples, the diaphragm is a commercial supercapacitor diaphragm (NKK TF4030 from Japan), the waterproof insulation layer is a commercial waterproof mortar coated with transparent waterproof glue, and the paper fiber is turmeric paper fiber (10-20 μm, 0.8 g / cm 3 ), the particle size of nano carbon black is 25±5 nm, and the specific surface area is 420~570 m 2 / g.

[0026] 1. Concrete composite electrode and its preparation method A concrete composite electrode and a preparation method thereof, comprising the steps of: Mixing slurry: 450 g of water, 900 g of 425 magnesium slag Portland cement and 2700 g of standard sand were mixed to form a second concrete mortar, and then 20.25 g of dry paper fiber, 40.5 g of nano carbon black and 4 g of polycarboxylate water reducer were added and stirred thoroughly to form a uniformly mixed conductive concrete slurry; Shaping and curing: Pour the conductive concrete mixture into a mold and insert the grid-shaped current collector 4 made of carbon fiber rods. After shaping, demould and cure for about 28 days, then dry. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The concrete composite electrode shown can be used as an electrode of a supercapacitor. The concrete composite electrode 2 includes a concrete electrode and a current collector 4, which is embedded in the concrete electrode.

[0027] Example 2 A concrete composite electrode and a preparation method thereof, comprising the steps of: Mixing slurry: 450 g of water, 900 g of 425 magnesium slag Portland cement and 2700 g of standard sand were mixed to form a second concrete mortar, and then 20.25 g of dry paper fiber, 81 g of nano carbon black and 8 g of polycarboxylate water reducer were added and stirred thoroughly to form a uniformly mixed conductive concrete mixed slurry; Shaping and curing: The conductive concrete mixture is poured into a mold and a grid-shaped current collector made of carbon fiber rods is inserted. After shaping, the mixture is demolded and cured for about 28 days and then air-dried. The resulting concrete can be used as a composite electrode for a supercapacitor.

[0028] Example 3 A concrete composite electrode and a preparation method thereof, comprising the steps of: Mixing slurry: 450 g of water, 900 g of 425 magnesium slag Portland cement and 2700 g of standard sand were mixed to form a second concrete mortar, and then 10.125 g of dry paper fiber, 40.5 g of nano carbon black and 4 g of polycarboxylate water reducer were added and stirred thoroughly to form a uniformly mixed conductive concrete slurry; Shaping and curing: The conductive concrete mixture is poured into a mold and a grid-shaped current collector made of carbon fiber rods is inserted. After shaping, the mixture is demolded and cured for about 28 days and then air-dried. The resulting concrete can be used as a composite electrode for a supercapacitor.

[0029] Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Comparative Examples 1 to 5 respectively provide a concrete composite electrode, which is basically the same as the concrete composite electrode provided in Example 1. The main difference lies in the different formulations of the concrete electrodes in the concrete composite electrodes. The main differences between the comparative examples are as follows: On the basis of Example 1, the nano carbon black was omitted in Comparative Example 1; On the basis of Example 1, the amount of nano carbon black added in Comparative Example 2 was 121.5 g, and the amount of polycarboxylate water reducer added was 12.1 g; Based on Example 1, Comparative Example 3 omitted the paper fiber; Based on Example 1, the amount of paper fiber added in Comparative Example 4 was 30.375 g; Based on Example 1, the polycarboxylate water-reducing agent was omitted in Comparative Example 5. However, the raw materials could not form a slurry and were basically in a powder state; that is, concrete could not be formed according to the formula of Comparative Example 5.

[0030] Performance Testing Test sample preparation: The concrete composite electrodes provided in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were applied to Figure 3 The supercapacitor shown in the figure includes a polypropylene diaphragm 3, two saturated concrete composite electrodes 2 and two waterproof insulating layers 1 located on the outermost layer, wherein the diaphragm 3 is located in the middle and the saturated concrete composite electrode is arranged between the waterproof insulating layer 1 and the diaphragm 3. The preparation method of the supercapacitor includes: firstly drying the two concrete composite electrodes 2 and soaking them in a 1 mol / L KCl solution until no bubbles emerge on the surface of the concrete composite electrodes to obtain two saturated composite electrodes, and then placing the two concrete composite electrodes 2, the diaphragm 3 and the waterproof insulating layer 1 in accordance with the method of FIG. Figure 3 The structure shown is encapsulated.

[0031] 1) Capacitance performance test: Supercapacitors prepared using the concrete composite electrodes of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were subjected to a 100 A / m 3 The capacitance performance test was carried out at a current density of 100 nm (equipment: Princeton VersaSTAT 3F electrochemical workstation). The test results are as follows: Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and as shown in Table 1; Table 1 Capacitance performance test results (unit: F / m 3 ) sample Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Specific capacitance <![CDATA[5.748×10 4 ]]> <![CDATA[1.962×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[5.283×10 4 ]]> <![CDATA[2.002×10 -6 ]]> <![CDATA[1.655×10 5 ]]> <![CDATA[1.02×10 3 ]]> <![CDATA[3.51×10 4 ]]> 2) Compressive Strength Test: The concrete composite electrodes prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and used in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were subjected to compressive strength tests (instrument: microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo pressure testing machine HCT206A). The test results are shown in Tables 2 and Figure 4 、 Figure 5 shown.

[0032] Table 2 Compressive strength test results (unit: MPa) sample Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 4 Compressive strength 28.7 22.71 29.46 32.9 12.88 31.1 25.5

[0033] The conductive pathways formed by nanocarbon black can adsorb charged ions to form a double layer, which acts as an energy storage layer. The compressive strength of the concrete composite electrode decreases with increasing nanocarbon black content, while the capacitance increases. The addition of paper fiber builds bridges between the nanocarbon black particles in different pores, increasing capacitance while minimizing compressive strength loss.

[0034] Combine Figures 3-4 As can be seen from Tables 1 and 2, Comparative Example 5 demonstrates that a water reducer is an essential component for preparing concrete electrodes. Without this substance, a slurry cannot form under low water-cement ratio conditions, making it difficult to produce concrete electrode materials. Both Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 have high capacitance, but the compressive strength of Comparative Example 2 is only 12.88 MPa. Compared with the concrete composite electrode used in Comparative Example 3, the concrete composite electrode prepared in Example 3, which added 0.005 parts of paper fiber to the raw materials, lost approximately 5% of its compressive strength, but increased its capacitance by approximately 50 times. When the paper fiber content is less than 0.005 parts by mass, it cannot fully function. When the paper fiber content is greater than 0.01 parts by mass, the compressive strength is significantly affected. When the nanocarbon black content is less than 0.01 parts by mass, the capacitance value is too low, resulting in wasted supercapacitor volume. When the nanocarbon black content is greater than 0.02 parts by mass, the compressive strength is too low to provide structural bearing capacity. Therefore, taking all factors into consideration, the content of paper fiber in the raw materials for preparing the concrete composite electrode is preferably 0.005-0.01 parts by mass, and the content of nano carbon black is 0.01-0.02 parts by mass. The components cooperate with each other, and the coordinated effect can better balance the electrochemical performance and mechanical strength of the concrete electrode, and the raw material cost is low.

[0035] 2. Energy storage concrete guardrail and its preparation method Example 4 See also Figure 6 and Figure 7This embodiment provides an energy storage concrete barrier, comprising: a concrete outer layer 5, a supercapacitor, and a waterproof coating 8. The concrete outer layer 5 is composed of a front, upper, rear, and lower portion connected end to end to form a hollow frame. The supercapacitor is tightly packed within the hollow frame, i.e., the left and right sides of the supercapacitor protrude from the hollow frame. The waterproof coating 8 wraps around the outer surface of the concrete outer layer 5 and the left and right sides of the supercapacitor, i.e., the waterproof coating 8 coats the entire outer surface of the energy storage concrete barrier. The supercapacitor comprises two spaced-apart concrete composite electrodes 6 and an electrolyte 7 sealed in the gap between the concrete composite electrodes 6. The concrete composite electrodes 6 are arranged in contact with the inner wall of the hollow frame and consist of a concrete electrode 62 and a current collector 64 inserted into the concrete electrode 62.

[0036] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned energy storage concrete guardrail, comprising the following steps: Prepare the outer concrete layer: Pour a first concrete mortar into a predetermined guardrail mold. After setting and curing, remove the mortar from the mold to form a concrete outer layer with a cavity. This outer concrete layer is composed of a front, upper, rear, and lower portion connected end to end to form a hollow frame structure. The left and right sides of this hollow frame structure are open, and the cavity within it is a rectangular parallelepiped for filling the supercapacitor. The first concrete mortar comprises the following components by weight: 100 parts magnesium slag Portland cement, 42 parts water, 200 parts fine aggregate, 270 parts coarse aggregate, and 1 part water reducer. The fine aggregate is river sand with a modulus of 2.85; the coarse aggregate is continuously graded crushed stone with a diameter of 5 to 31.5 mm.

[0037] Mixing and slurrying: uniformly mixing a second concrete mortar, paper fiber, nano-carbon black, and a water reducer to form a conductive concrete mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, and nano-carbon black is 1:0.005:0.02, and the mass ratio of the water reducer to nano-carbon black is 0.1:1; the second concrete mortar has the same composition as the first concrete mortar; Shaping and curing: inserting a partition board in the middle of the rectangular cavity, injecting the conductive concrete mixed slurry on both sides of the partition board respectively, and inserting a grid-shaped current collector made of carbon fiber rods into the conductive concrete mixed slurry on each side, and then shaping and curing for 28 days to obtain a concrete composite electrode; wherein the diameter of the carbon fiber rods in the grid-shaped current collector is 2 to 3 mm.

[0038] Filling the electrolyte: The partitioning wooden board is pulled out to form a gap between the two concrete composite electrodes. Both ends of the gap are first blocked with sealant to form a sealed cavity for filling the electrolyte. Two holes are then drilled in the sealant blocking the gap, which serve as a vent and an injection port. The electrolyte is then injected into the electrolyte cavity with a syringe. The injection port and the vent are then sealed with sealant to produce a supercapacitor.

[0039] Preparation of waterproof coating: Apply 2 mm waterproof mortar on the outer surface of the concrete outer layer and the entire outer layer of the left and right sides of the supercapacitor. Apply it twice. First, apply 1 mm thick quick-drying waterproof mortar. After waiting for 2 hours, apply the second layer of waterproof mortar after the first layer of waterproof mortar solidifies. The preparation of the concrete guardrail can be completed, that is, a waterproof coating is formed on the outer surface of the entire concrete guardrail.

[0040] The concrete guardrail is 1 m high and 2 m long. The height of a single carbon cement electrode inside is 0.75 m, the width is 0.1 m, and the length is 2 m. After testing, the capacitance density of the concrete guardrail is 14445 F / m.

[0041] Therefore, the energy storage concrete guardrail provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the concrete composite electrode as the energy storage electrode, wherein the introduction of paper fiber enhances the capacitance characteristics of the concrete electrode at a low nano-carbon black content, reduces the loss of mechanical properties, and reduces the cost of raw materials together with standard sand; the concrete composite electrode material is used as the electrode of the supercapacitor, so that the supercapacitor not only has a high specific capacitance, but also has high mechanical strength and low cost, thereby enabling the energy storage concrete guardrail to achieve the integration of energy storage function and safety protection while meeting the requirements of structural safety and durability.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention. They should all be included in the scope of the technical solutions claimed for protection by the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy storage concrete guardrail, characterized in that: include: A concrete outer layer, a supercapacitor, and a waterproof coating, wherein the concrete outer layer is connected end to end by a front portion, an upper portion, a rear portion, and a lower portion, forming a hollow frame, the supercapacitor is tightly filled in the hollow frame, and the waterproof coating wraps the outer surface of the concrete outer layer and the left and right sides of the supercapacitor; wherein the supercapacitor includes two spaced-apart concrete composite electrodes and an electrolyte sealed in the gap between the concrete composite electrodes; the concrete composite electrode is arranged in contact with the inner wall of the hollow frame and includes a concrete electrode and a current collector inserted into the concrete electrode, and the concrete composite electrode is mainly manufactured by the following method: Mixing and slurrying: uniformly mixing the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, nano-carbon black, and a water reducer to prepare a conductive concrete mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, and nano-carbon black is 1: (0.005-0.01): (0.01-0.02), and the mass ratio of the water reducer to nano-carbon black is 0.08-0.1: 1; Shaping and curing: the conductive concrete mixed slurry is poured into a mold, and shaped and cured together with the current collector, and then dried to obtain the concrete composite electrode.

2. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second concrete mortar is mainly obtained by fully stirring and uniformly mixing cement, standard sand and water in a mass ratio of 1:2 to 4:0.

5.

3. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shaping and curing step includes: firstly pouring the conductive concrete mixed slurry into the mold for shaping, then inserting a current collector into the conductive concrete mixed slurry, and then shaping, demolding and curing for 20 to 30 days to obtain the concrete composite electrode.

4. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The current collector is a grid-shaped current collector made of carbon fiber rods.

5. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte is a potassium chloride solution with a concentration of 1-2 mol / L.

6. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano carbon black is preferably 15 to 40 nm, and the specific surface area is greater than 100 m 2 / g.

7. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the paper fiber is 10-20 μm, and the paper fiber is off-white paper fiber or turmeric paper fiber.

8. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte is sealed in the gaps between the concrete composite electrodes by a sealant.

9. The energy storage concrete guardrail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof coating is 2-3 mm thick and is made of waterproof mortar, waterproof asphalt or waterproof transparent glue.

10. A method for preparing the energy storage concrete guardrail according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Preparing the concrete outer layer: pouring a first concrete mortar into a predetermined guardrail mold, demoulding after setting and curing, and forming a concrete outer layer with a cavity. The concrete outer layer is connected end to end by the front, upper, rear and lower parts to form a hollow frame; Mixing and slurrying: uniformly mixing the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, nano-carbon black, and a water reducer to prepare a conductive concrete mixed slurry, wherein the mass ratio of the second concrete mortar, paper fiber, and nano-carbon black is 1: (0.005-0.01): (0.01-0.02), and the mass ratio of the water reducer to nano-carbon black is 0.08-0.1: 1; Shaping and curing: insert a partition in the middle of the hollow frame, inject the conductive concrete slurry on both sides of the partition, and insert a current collector into the conductive concrete slurry on each side. Then, shape and cure, and two concrete composite electrodes can be obtained in 20 to 30 days; Filling the electrolyte: The separator is pulled out to form a gap between the two concrete composite electrodes. The gap is first sealed with a sealant to form a sealed cavity for filling the electrolyte; an injection port and an exhaust hole are then drilled in the sealant that seals the gap, and the electrolyte is filled into the sealed cavity through the injection port. The injection port and the exhaust hole are then sealed to produce a supercapacitor; Preparing a waterproof coating: coating waterproof mortar on the outer surface of the concrete outer layer and the left and right sides of the supercapacitor to form a waterproof coating.

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