Method for improving germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds indoors

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crop development biology, in particular to a method for improving the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds indoors. In order to improve the condition of experimental errors caused by slow germination rate and inconsistent uniformity of wheat seeds, the germination speed and uniformity of the wheat seeds are remarkably improved through a method of cutting and damaging seed coats by virtue of endosperm part and soaking in ddH2O warm water, and the method is suitable for different types of wheat seeds, is low in cost and extremely simple to operate, and is suitable for popularization and application. The method is easy to master, popularize and apply, and is a universal and efficient new method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop developmental biology, and in particular to a method for improving the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds indoors. Background Art

[0002] Wheat, one of the world's most important food crops, is the primary staple food for nearly 40% of the global population and is closely linked to food security and effective supply. Seeds are a crucial means of production and the foundation for wheat reproduction and production. Their quality significantly impacts subsequent profitability and the preservation of germplasm resources. Seed vigor is one of the most important indicators of seed quality.

[0003] Seed vigor, which refers to the potential for uniform germination and rapid growth, varies significantly depending on the variety, maturity and harvest period, dormancy period, and growing environment. Reduced germination rate, decreased germination potential, slow germination, and inconsistent germination rates can negatively impact subsequent wheat growth. Related experiments have shown that seed germination is sensitive to temperature, moisture, and oxygen levels. The seed coat mechanically resists the entry of air and water into the seed, and ambient temperature also affects the seed's water absorption efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the adaptability of seeds to external environmental conditions during germination and provide a method that can improve the germination speed and uniformity of indoor wheat seeds have become technical problems that need to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for improving the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds indoors, comprising: cutting the endosperm part of the wheat seeds to destroy the seed coat, and then soaking them in sterilized ddH2O at 42°C to 48°C.

[0006] The present invention finds that the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds can be significantly improved by partially cutting the endosperm to destroy the seed coat and soaking the seeds in ddH2O at a specific temperature.

[0007] Preferably, the endosperm of the wheat seeds is partially cut to destroy the seed coat, and then immersed in sterilized ddH2O at 44°C to 46°C.

[0008] After treatment under the above conditions, the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds are better.

[0009] Preferably, the variety of wheat seeds includes white-grain wheat varieties or red-grain wheat varieties.

[0010] Preferably, the white-grain wheat variety is Zhongyu 1211; and / or the red-grain wheat variety is ZMRed.

[0011] Preferably, after soaking for 12 hours, the seeds are placed on absorbent filter paper, and the seeds are germinated while the absorbent filter paper is kept moist.

[0012] Preferably, the seed germination time is within 12 hours, preferably within 24 hours, more preferably within 36 hours.

[0013] Preferably, the wet state is such that the water holding capacity of the filter paper is 100%.

[0014] Preferably, the endosperm of the wheat seed is partially cut to destroy the seed coat while the seed embryo remains intact.

[0015] Preferably, the germination rate of wheat seeds is above 90%.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides application of the method in the field of wheat breeding.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention aims to improve experimental errors caused by slow germination rate and inconsistent uniformity of wheat seeds. The method significantly improves the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds by partially cutting the endosperm to destroy the seed coat and soaking in ddH2O warm water. The method is applicable to different types of wheat seeds, has low cost, is extremely simple to operate, is easy to master and promote and apply, and is a universal and efficient new method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 These are photos of white-grain wheat transferred into culture dishes 36 hours later; White CK, white-grain wheat seeds are untreated and soaked in ddH2O at room temperature of 25℃; White Hot, white-grain wheat seeds are untreated and soaked in ddH2O at 45℃; White Cut, white-grain wheat seeds are cut and soaked in ddH2O at room temperature of 25℃; White Hot+Cut, white-grain wheat seeds are cut and soaked in ddH2O at 45℃.

[0019] Figure 2 These are photos of red wheat seeds transferred into culture dishes 36 hours later; among them, Red CK, red wheat seeds are untreated and soaked in ddH2O at room temperature 25℃; Red Hot, red wheat seeds are untreated and soaked in ddH2O at 45℃; Red Cut, red wheat seeds are cut and soaked in ddH2O at room temperature 25℃; Red Hot+Cut, red wheat seeds are cut and soaked in ddH2O at 45℃. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the embodiments provided in this specification, if no specific technology or conditions are specified, the technology or conditions described in the literature in this field or the product instructions shall be followed. The reagents or instruments used without indicating the manufacturer are all conventional products that can be purchased through regular channels. Zhongyu 1211: white-grain wheat, a variety independently bred by the research team, with independent intellectual property rights, Guoshenmai 20180035, Yushenmai 2017006. ZMRed: red-grain wheat, a variety independently bred by the research team, with independent intellectual property rights.

[0021] Example Wheat Zhongyu 1211 and ZMRed seeds germinated under different indoor treatment conditions 1. Seed preparation Seeds of the white-grain wheat variety Zhongyu 1211 and the red-grain wheat line ZMRed were selected, and a preliminary screening was carried out on the seed purity, size, and morphology. 40 pure seeds of uniform size, consistent fullness, no damage, and no ear germination were selected, with 10 seeds in each group.

[0022] 2. Endosperm and seed coat treatment before soaking In step 1, select two groups of 20 Zhongyu 1211 and ZMRed seeds, each containing 20 seeds. Use a cutting blade to partially remove the endosperm to remove the mechanical inhibition of the seed coat on air and water, break seed dormancy, and promote seed germination. The remaining two groups of 20 Zhongyu 1211 and ZMRed seeds, each containing 20 seeds, serve as the control group. The experimental groups include the following: 1) - 4): 1) 20 Zhongyu 1211 seeds were left untreated; 2) 20 pieces of endosperm from Zhongyu 1211 seeds; 3) ZMRed seeds were not treated for 20 seeds; 4) 20 ZMRed seed endosperms were cut.

[0023] 3. Seed soaking treatment The seeds that had undergone endosperm and seed coat cutting in step 2 and the control group seeds were soaked in sterilized ddH2O at different temperatures for 12 hours. The experimental grouping treatments were as follows: 1) Take 10 untreated Zhongyu 1211 seeds and soak them in ddH2O at 25°C for 12 hours. 2) Cut 10 endosperms from Zhongyu 1211 seeds and soak them in ddH2O at 25°C for 12 hours. 3) 10 untreated Zhongyu 1211 seeds were soaked in 45°C ddH2O for 12 hours; 4) Cut 10 endosperms of Zhongyu 1211 seeds and soak them in ddH2O at 45°C for 12 hours; 5) 10 untreated ZMRed seeds were soaked in ddH2O at room temperature (25°C) for 12 hours; 6) Cut 10 ZMRed seed endosperms and soak them in ddH2O at 25°C for 12 hours; 7) 10 ZMRed seeds were left untreated and soaked in 45°C ddH2O for 12 h; 8) Cut 10 ZMRed seed endosperms and soak them in 45°C ddH2O for 12 hours.

[0024] 4. Seed germination monitoring Mark the groups in a Petri dish and line it with saturated absorbent filter paper. Soak all seeds from steps 3, steps 1) through 8) for 12 hours before transferring them to the dish. Place the seeds with the embryo facing upwards, in a consistent orientation, and equidistantly spaced. Keep the filter paper completely moist (100% water holding capacity) and the seeds free of floating particles. Cover the Petri dish to maintain humidity. Monitor the filter paper's moisture level and rehydrate as needed.

[0025] 5. Seed germination statistics The germination of seeds in all groups was counted at three different time points: 12 hours, 24 hours, and 36 hours after the culture dishes were transferred in step 4.

[0026] 6. Analysis of seed germination speed and uniformity according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The results show that: All groups of seeds of Zhongyu 1211 were treated with steps 2, 3 and 4 and transferred to culture dishes 36 hours later. When the seeds were not cut and soaked in ddH2O at room temperature of 25℃, 4 out of 10 seeds took root and 6 germinated. When the seeds were cut and soaked in ddH2O at room temperature of 25℃, 6 out of 10 seeds took root and 4 germinated. When the seeds were not cut and soaked in ddH2O at 45℃, 8 out of 10 seeds took root and 2 germinated. When the seeds were cut and soaked in ddH2O at 45℃, 8 out of 10 seeds took root and 2 germinated.

[0027] After all the seeds of ZMRed groups were treated with steps 2, 3 and 4 and transferred to culture dishes 36 hours later, 2 out of 10 seeds germinated and 8 absorbed water and swelled to wait for germination in the treatment without cutting and soaking in ddH2O at room temperature of 25℃; 6 out of 10 seeds germinated and 4 absorbed water and swelled to wait for germination in the treatment without cutting and soaking in ddH2O at room temperature of 25℃; 8 out of 10 seeds germinated and 2 absorbed water and swelled to wait for germination in the treatment without cutting and soaking in ddH2O at 45℃; 1 out of 10 seeds took root, 8 germinated and 1 absorbed water and swelled to wait for germination.

[0028] The above results show that the method provided by the present invention, through partial cutting of the endosperm to destroy the seed coat and soaking in 45°C ddH2O warm water, can effectively improve the slow germination rate and inconsistent uniformity of wheat seeds and is applicable to a variety of different types of wheat. It is a universal and efficient method for improving the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds indoors.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the germination speed and uniformity of wheat seeds indoors, characterized in that: include: After the endosperm of the wheat seeds is cut and the seed coat is destroyed, the seeds are immersed in sterilized ddH2O at 42°C to 48°C.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that After the endosperm of the wheat seeds is cut and the seed coat is destroyed, the seeds are immersed in sterilized ddH2O at 44°C to 46°C.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The wheat seed varieties include white-grain wheat varieties or red-grain wheat varieties.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The white-grain wheat variety is Zhongyu 1211; and / or the red-grain wheat variety is ZMRed.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein After soaking for 12 hours, the seeds were placed on absorbent filter paper and the seeds were germinated while keeping the absorbent filter paper moist.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The seed germination time is within 12 hours, preferably within 24 hours, and more preferably within 36 hours.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The wet state is that the water holding capacity of the filter paper is 100%.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The endosperm of wheat seeds is partially cut to destroy the seed coat, while the seed embryo remains intact.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The germination rate of wheat seeds is over 90%.

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of wheat breeding.

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