Method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from waterfowl breeding waste and application of bio-organic fertilizer
Through the segmented temperature-controlled fermentation process and the method of composite bacterial agents supplemented with biochar and humic acid, the problems of long cycle and low microbial activity in traditional manure treatment have been solved, and efficient degradation of antibiotics and heavy metals has been achieved, which has improved the fertilizer efficiency and soil improvement effect of biological organic fertilizers and is suitable for green agricultural applications.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511102865.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by utilizing waterfowl breeding waste and application thereof. Background Art
[0002] Traditional manure treatment methods, such as composting and fermentation, often suffer from long processing times, high levels of antibiotic and heavy metal residues, and low fertilizer efficiency, making them inadequate for meeting the needs of modern green agriculture. Furthermore, conventional organic fertilizers have limited effectiveness in improving soil quality and increasing crop yields, necessitating the development of efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly waste resource utilization technologies.
[0003] In recent years, bio-organic fertilizers have garnered widespread attention for their potential to improve soil quality and crop quality. However, existing technologies still face challenges such as low microbial inoculant activity and incomplete degradation of heavy metals and antibiotics, hindering their effectiveness. While some studies have attempted to improve fertilizer performance by adding biochar or humic acid, deficiencies remain in fermentation process optimization, bacterial synergy, and the use of functional excipients, making it difficult to achieve a balanced balance between fertilizer quality and stability.
[0004] Therefore, the development of a waterfowl manure treatment technology that integrates rapid fermentation, efficient degradation of harmful substances, enhanced microbial activity, and prolonged fertilizer effectiveness is of great practical significance. The present invention aims to provide an efficient, safe, and easily promoted method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by optimizing the segmented fermentation process and combining the synergistic effects of composite bacterial agents with functional excipients (such as porous starch, biochar, and humic acid), providing new ideas for the resource utilization of waterfowl breeding waste and the development of green agriculture. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer by utilizing waterfowl breeding waste and its application.
[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0007] The present invention provides a method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using waterfowl breeding waste, comprising the following steps:
[0008] (1) Mixing waterfowl manure and straw to obtain material 1, adjusting the water content to 50-60% and then performing segmented fermentation; the segmented fermentation method is as follows:
[0009] The staged fermentation process used:
[0010] The first stage (0-3 days): high temperature fermentation at 50-55℃ to inactivate pathogens.
[0011] The second stage (4 to 10 days): deep fermentation at 65 to 70°C to degrade heavy metals and antibiotics.
[0012] The third stage (11-15 days): post-ripening and fermentation at 40-45℃, which is used to absorb heavy metals, increase microbial activity, and prolong microbial survival time.
[0013] (2) adding a composite bacterial agent at the beginning of the second stage; the composite bacterial agent comprises: thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, thermophilic Streptomyces fusca, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus;
[0014] (3) adding biochar and humic acid at the beginning of the third stage;
[0015] (4) After the third stage of fermentation is completed, porous starch is added, granulated, and vacuum dried to obtain biological organic fertilizer.
[0016] Preferably, the waterfowl breeding manure in step (1) is white-feathered meat duck breeding manure; and the mass ratio of the waterfowl breeding manure to straw is 3 to 5:1.
[0017] Preferably, the straw in step (1) is cotton straw, corn straw and wheat straw of equal mass.
[0018] Preferably, in step (2), the mass ratio of the thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, Thermophilic Streptomyces fusca, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus is 1:1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3.
[0019] Preferably, the bacterial content of the thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, Thermophilic Streptomyces fusca, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus in step (2) is 400 million to 600 million per gram.
[0020] Preferably, the inoculation amount of the composite bacterial agent in step (2) is 2-4% (w / w).
[0021] Preferably, in step (3), the mass ratio of the biochar to the material 1 is 5 to 7:100; the mass ratio of the humic acid to the material 1 is 3 to 5:100.
[0022] Preferably, the granulation temperature in step (4) is 28-32°C.
[0023] Preferably, the vacuum drying in step (4) is carried out at a temperature of 32 to 40° C. and for a time of 30 to 60 minutes.
[0024] Preferably, the mass ratio of the porous starch in step (4) to material 1 is 2 to 4:100.
[0025] The present invention also provides application of the organic fertilizer prepared by the method in planting crops, wherein the crop is pumpkin.
[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0027] The method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer from waterfowl breeding waste provided by the present invention has significant environmental benefits and agricultural application value. First of all, the method uses an innovative segmented temperature-controlled fermentation process (three stages of high temperature-depth-after-ripening) with the synergistic effect of specific composite bacterial agents (such as thermophilic cellulose-decomposing bacteria, Bacillus mucilaginosus, etc.), which not only shortens the traditional fermentation cycle by more than 40%, but also achieves the dual effects of an antibiotic degradation rate of more than 90% and a heavy metal content lower than the NY / T 525-2021 standard. This efficient degradation ability is mainly due to the thorough decomposition of antibiotic drug residues in the deep fermentation stage of 65-70°C, and the strong adsorption of heavy metals by biochar and humic acid in the after-ripening stage, so that the final product fully meets the safety standards for organic fertilizers.
[0028] Secondly, this bio-organic fertilizer performs outstandingly in improving soil and promoting crop growth. The added humic acid and biochar significantly improve the water retention capacity of the fertilizer (water holding rate increased by 20-30%), while the addition of porous starch further optimizes the pore structure of the fertilizer. Field test data show that the application of this fertilizer can increase the yield of crops such as rice and vegetables by 15-30%, while maintaining the effective viable bacterial count at more than 200 million / g, and extending the survival time of microorganisms in the soil by 30%, continuously providing nutrients to crops and inhibiting soil-borne diseases.
[0029] Finally, this technology achieves high-value utilization of livestock waste and has significant circular economy advantages. The entire process does not require chemical additives, and energy consumption is reduced through low-temperature granulation (30°C) and vacuum drying (32-40°C). This method not only preserves microbial activity but also is suitable for large-scale production. This method converts agricultural waste such as waterfowl manure and straw into high-quality organic fertilizer, not only solving environmental pollution problems but also providing a safe and efficient soil conditioner for green agriculture, with significant promotional value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] Example 1
[0032] A method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using waterfowl breeding waste, comprising the following steps:
[0033] (1) The manure of white-feathered meat ducks and straw (cotton straw, corn straw and wheat straw of equal mass) were mixed in a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain material 1, and the moisture content was adjusted to 50% before segmented fermentation. The segmented fermentation method is as follows:
[0034] Stage 1: Days 0 to 3: High temperature fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 50°C;
[0035] The second stage: Days 4 to 10: Deep fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 65°C;
[0036] The third stage: Days 11-15: post-fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 40°C;
[0037] (2) At the beginning of the second stage, a composite bacterial agent was added with an inoculation amount of 2% (w / w); the composite bacterial agent consisted of: thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, brown thermophilic Streptomyces, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus; the mass ratio was 1:1:1:1:1; the bacterial content was 400 million / g.
[0038] (3) Biochar and humic acid were added at the beginning of the third stage; the mass ratio of the biochar to the material 1 was 5:100; the mass ratio of the humic acid to the material 1 was 3:100.
[0039] (4) After the third stage of fermentation is completed, porous starch is added (the mass ratio of porous starch to material 1 is 2:100), granulated at 28°C, and vacuum dried at 32°C for 30 minutes to obtain biological organic fertilizer.
[0040] Example 2
[0041] A method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using waterfowl breeding waste, comprising the following steps:
[0042] (1) The manure of white-feathered meat ducks and straw (cotton straw, corn straw and wheat straw of equal mass) were mixed in a mass ratio of 5:1 to obtain material 1, and the moisture content was adjusted to 60% before segmented fermentation. The segmented fermentation method is as follows:
[0043] Stage 1: Days 0 to 3: High temperature fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 55°C;
[0044] The second stage: Days 4 to 10: Deep fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 70°C;
[0045] The third stage: Day 11-15: post-fermentation, the fermentation temperature is controlled at 45°C;
[0046] (2) At the beginning of the second stage, a composite bacterial agent was added with an inoculation amount of 4% (w / w); the composite bacterial agent consisted of: thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, brown thermophilic Streptomyces, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus; the mass ratio was 1:3:3:3:3; the bacterial content of each was 600 million / g.
[0047] (3) Biochar and humic acid were added at the beginning of the third stage; the mass ratio of the biochar to the material 1 was 7:100; the mass ratio of the humic acid to the material 1 was 5:100.
[0048] (4) After the third stage of fermentation is completed, porous starch is added (the mass ratio of porous starch to material 1 is 4:100), granulated at 32°C, and vacuum dried at 40°C for 60 minutes to obtain biological organic fertilizer.
[0049] Example 3
[0050] A method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using waterfowl breeding waste, comprising the following steps:
[0051] (1) The manure of white-feathered meat ducks and straw (cotton straw, corn straw and wheat straw of equal mass) were mixed in a mass ratio of 4:1 to obtain material 1, and the moisture content was adjusted to 55% before segmented fermentation. The segmented fermentation method is as follows:
[0052] Stage 1: Days 0 to 3: High-temperature fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 53°C;
[0053] The second stage: Days 4 to 10: Deep fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 68°C;
[0054] The third stage: Days 11-15: post-fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 43°C;
[0055] (2) At the beginning of the second stage, a composite bacterial agent was added with an inoculation amount of 3% (w / w); the composite bacterial agent consisted of: thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, brown thermophilic Streptomyces, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus; the mass ratio was 1:1:1:1:1; the bacterial content was 500 million / g.
[0056] (3) Biochar and humic acid were added at the beginning of the third stage; the mass ratio of the biochar to the material 1 was 6:100; the mass ratio of the humic acid to the material 1 was 4:100.
[0057] (4) After the third stage of fermentation is completed, porous starch is added (the mass ratio of porous starch to material 1 is 3:100), granulated at 30°C, and vacuum dried at 38°C for 50 minutes to obtain biological organic fertilizer.
[0058] Comparative Example 1
[0059] The other methods were the same as those in Example 3, except that the thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993 were replaced by an equal amount of Thermomyces fusca.
[0060] Comparative Example 2
[0061] The other methods are the same as those in Example 3, with the only difference being that the fermentation bacteria agent is added at the beginning of the first stage instead of in the second stage.
[0062] Experimental Example 1
[0063] Single-factor experiment
[0064] The experimental crop was pumpkin. Pumpkin seeds were soaked, cleaned, germinated on wet gauze, and placed in a growth chamber at 22°C. After germination, identical pumpkin seeds were directly sown into different substrates, one seed per well.
[0065] The experimental design employed a completely randomized block design with ten replicates per treatment. The sponge blocks containing the seedlings were moved to a plant factory, which used fluorescent lamps as a light source with a 12-hour photoperiod. Because organic waste compost is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, these treatments were watered only after sowing.
[0066] The experiment aimed to explore alternatives to composting waste from different sources. Three different sources of organic fertilizer were used in the experiment (experimental group, comparative example 1, and comparative example 2). A commercial substrate (peat:perlite:vermiculite = 3:1:1) was used as the growing medium, and 30% by volume of organic fertilizer was substituted. That is, a commercial substrate plus 30% by volume of organic fertilizer was mixed as the growing medium for pumpkin seedlings.
[0067] Among them, the growth and biomass of pumpkin seedlings were investigated
[0068] Six uniformly grown pumpkin seedlings were measured 21 days after transplanting. The plants were cleaned and dried with absorbent paper. Each plant was separated into its stem and root using a sharp scalpel and tweezers. Plant height was measured with a ruler, stem diameter with a vernier caliper, and maximum leaf area with a leaf area meter.
[0069] Subsequently, the samples were denatured by freezing at 105°C for 20 min and then dried at 70°C for 48 h to constant weight. The fresh and dry weights of the stems were measured using an electronic balance.
[0070] The calculation formula of seedling quality index (SQI) is as follows:
[0071] SQI=(PH / SD+SDW / RDW)×(SDW+RDW)
[0072] Where PH represents plant height, SD represents stem diameter, SDW represents aboveground dry weight, and RDW represents root dry weight.
[0073] 2. Physiological indicators of pumpkin seedlings
[0074] The second, fully expanded young leaf was ground and mixed with 95% ethanol. The samples were stored in the dark until they turned white. The absorbance at 665 and 649 nm was measured using a UV spectrophotometer, and the chlorophyll (Chl) content was calculated based on the absorbance. The soluble sugar content in the leaves was determined using the anthrone-sulfuric acid method, while the soluble protein content was determined using the Coomassie Brilliant Blue colorimetric method.
[0075] Among them, all the results are averaged, as shown in Tables 1 to 3.
[0076] Table 1
[0077]
[0078] Table 2
[0079]
[0080] Table 3
[0081] Group Soluble sugar (mg / g) Soluble protein (mg / g) Experimental group 54.3 2.74 Comparative Example 1 48.7 2.36 Comparative Example 2 42.3 2.18 Blank control group 31.4 1.46
[0082] As shown in Tables 1 to 3, different organic fertilizers have different effects on the growth of pumpkin seedlings. All data for the experimental group are superior to those for the control group and the blank control group. This indicates that the pumpkin seedlings in the experimental group have the best growth.
[0083] It can be seen from the data of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 that only the preparation method of the organic fertilizer provided by the present invention can achieve the best use effect. If the use of some of the strains is abandoned or the fermentation method of the fertilizer is adjusted, the fertilizer efficiency will be significantly affected.
[0084] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for preparing bio-organic fertilizer using waterfowl breeding waste, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Mixing waterfowl manure and straw to obtain material 1, adjusting the water content to 50-60% and then performing segmented fermentation; the segmented fermentation method is as follows: Stage 1: Days 0 to 3: High temperature fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 50-55°C; The second stage: Days 4 to 10: Deep fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 65-70°C; The third stage: Days 11-15: post-fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature at 40-45°C; (2) adding a composite bacterial agent at the beginning of the second stage; the composite bacterial agent comprises: thermophilic cellulolytic bacteria, acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, thermophilic Streptomyces fusca, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus; (3) adding biochar and humic acid at the beginning of the third stage; (4) After the third stage of fermentation is completed, porous starch is added, granulated, and vacuum dried to obtain biological organic fertilizer.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The waterfowl breeding manure in step (1) is white-feathered meat duck breeding manure; and the mass ratio of the waterfowl breeding manure to straw is 3 to 5:
1.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The straws in step (1) are cotton straws, corn straws and wheat straws of equal mass.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of the thermophilic cellulose decomposing bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, Streptomyces fuscae, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus in step (2) is 1:1-3:1-3:1-3:1-3.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The bacterial content of the thermophilic cellulose decomposing bacteria, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans ATCC53993, Thermophilic Streptomyces fusca, Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus mucilaginosus in step (2) is 400 million to 600 million per gram.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The inoculation amount of the composite bacterial agent in step (2) is 2-4% (w / w).
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step (3), the mass ratio of the biochar to the material 1 is 5 to 7:100; the mass ratio of the humic acid to the material 1 is 3 to 5:
100.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The granulation temperature in step (4) is 28-32° C.; the mass ratio of the porous starch to the material 1 is 2-4:
100.
9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The vacuum drying in step (4) is carried out at a temperature of 32 to 40° C. and for a time of 30 to 60 minutes.
10. Use of the organic fertilizer prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in crop planting, characterized in that: The crop is pumpkin.