A GIS-based method and system for the layout of building facilities in sponge cities

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of sponge city pavement layout technology, and provides a GIS-based method and system for sponge city building facility layout. The method includes: using the terrain information of the area to be constructed obtained by the GIS system to construct a surface model corresponding to the slope, and dividing multiple first surface regions with the same slope; calculating the amount of precipitation borne by each region through the first type of surface integral and precipitation, calculating the proportion of precipitation that can be absorbed by the steep slope of the region, and determining the flow direction of precipitation based on the height difference between adjacent surface regions, calculating the final amount of rainwater that each region needs to bear, and setting the pavement parameters of the building facilities accordingly so that the permeability is consistent with the rainwater bearing capacity, so that urban construction can have better adaptability to rainwater in sloping areas and improve the city's ability to bear rainwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sponge city pavement layout technology, and in particular to a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Geographic Information System (GIS), also known as "geoscience information system," is a specific and very important spatial information system. With the support of computer hardware and software systems, it is a technical system that collects, stores, manages, processes, analyzes, displays, and describes geographic distribution data in the entire or part of the Earth's surface space. It can express the location, properties, and elevation data of the Earth's surface in a good way.

[0003] In the construction of sponge cities, various building facilities need to be installed in various places. Green facilities include rain gardens, sunken green spaces, and grassed swales, while gray facilities include permeable pavement, water storage tanks, and permeable pavement drainage. Among them, permeable pavement is an important component of sponge city construction. Through special structural design, it allows rainwater to quickly infiltrate into the ground, reducing surface runoff, thereby alleviating the pressure on the urban drainage system and helping to alleviate urban flooding, thus improving the urban ecological environment. However, in areas with elevation differences, rainwater does not stay on the pavement surface but flows with the terrain, which has a significant impact on the planning of permeable pavement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a GIS-based method for the layout of sponge city buildings and facilities, which solves the problem of difficult permeable pavement design on steep roads in the prior art.

[0005] The first aspect of this invention provides a GIS-based method for the layout of building facilities in sponge cities, comprising:

[0006] The terrain information of the area to be constructed is obtained based on the GIS system. The terrain information is the slope at each coordinate position of the area. A surface model of the area to be constructed is constructed based on the terrain information. Based on the slope of each point in the surface model, a boundary line with the same slope is set on the surface model to divide multiple first surface areas.

[0007] Historical precipitation data of the area to be constructed is obtained, and the rainy season precipitation is calculated based on the historical precipitation data. The first type of surface integral is performed on each first surface area according to the rainy season precipitation to obtain the precipitation received by each first surface area. The retained rainwater and flowing rainwater in each first surface area are calculated according to the preset slope corresponding to the rainwater retention ratio.

[0008] Based on the GIS system, the adjacency relationships and elevation relationships of each first curved surface region are identified. The sum of the rainwater retention volume of each first curved surface region and the flow of rainwater received from adjacent regions with higher elevations is calculated to obtain the rainwater receiving volume of each first curved surface region. The water absorption specifications of building facilities in the first curved surface region are set according to the rainwater receiving volume.

[0009] Optionally, the step of performing a surface integral of the first kind on each first surface region based on the rainfall during the rainy season to obtain the rainfall received by each first surface region is as follows:

[0010] ;

[0011] in, Let be the amount of precipitation received by the nth first curved surface region. This refers to rainfall during the rainy season. This is the surface model of the nth first surface region.

[0012] Optionally, after obtaining the precipitation received by each first curved surface region, the method further includes:

[0013] Obtain road drainage design data in the area to be constructed, determine the corresponding first curved surface area based on the location of each road drainage design, and correct the amount of precipitation received by the first curved surface area according to the drainage parameters of the road drainage design.

[0014] The second aspect of this application provides a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system, including:

[0015] The region division module is used to obtain the terrain information of the current area to be constructed based on the GIS system. The terrain information is the slope at each coordinate position of the area. A surface model of the area to be constructed is constructed based on the terrain information. Based on the slope of each point in the surface model, a boundary line with the same slope is set on the surface model to divide multiple first surface regions.

[0016] The rainwater data calculation module is used to obtain historical precipitation data of the area to be constructed, calculate the rainy season precipitation based on the historical precipitation data, perform the first type of surface integration on each first surface area according to the rainy season precipitation, and obtain the precipitation received by each first surface area; calculate the retained rainwater and flowing rainwater in each first surface area according to the preset slope corresponding to the rainwater retention ratio.

[0017] The building facility layout module is used to identify the adjacency relationship and terrain elevation of each first curved surface area based on the GIS system, calculate the sum of the rainwater retention volume of each first curved surface area and the flow of rainwater received from the adjacent area with higher terrain, and obtain the rainwater receiving volume of each first curved surface area; and set the water absorption specifications of the building facilities in the first curved surface area according to the rainwater receiving volume.

[0018] Furthermore, in the rainfall data calculation module, a first-type surface integral is performed on each first surface region according to the rainfall during the rainy season to obtain the rainfall received by each first surface region, specifically:

[0019] ;

[0020] in, Let be the amount of precipitation received by the nth first curved surface region. This refers to rainfall during the rainy season. This is the surface model of the nth first surface region.

[0021] Furthermore, after obtaining the precipitation received by each first curved surface region, the rainwater data calculation module also includes:

[0022] Obtain road drainage design data in the area to be constructed, determine the corresponding first curved surface area based on the location of each road drainage design, and correct the amount of precipitation received by the first curved surface area according to the drainage parameters of the road drainage design.

[0023] A third aspect of this application provides a GIS-based method and apparatus for the layout of sponge city buildings and facilities, the apparatus comprising a processor and a memory:

[0024] The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor;

[0025] The processor is used to execute, according to the instructions in the program code, a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method as described in any of the first aspects of the present invention.

[0026] The fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing program code for executing a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method according to any one of the first aspects of the present invention.

[0027] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: It constructs a surface model corresponding to the slope using terrain information of the area to be constructed obtained through a GIS system, and divides multiple first surface regions belonging to the same slope; it calculates the amount of precipitation borne by each region using the first type of surface integral and precipitation, calculates the proportion of precipitation that can be absorbed based on the steep slope of the region, and determines the flow direction of precipitation based on the elevation difference between adjacent surface regions, calculating the final amount of rainwater that each region needs to bear, and setting the corresponding paving parameters for building facilities so that their permeability matches the rainwater bearing capacity, enabling urban construction to have better adaptability to rainwater in sloping areas and improving the city's ability to bear rainwater. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 A flowchart of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0032] This invention provides a GIS-based method for the layout of sponge city buildings and facilities, which solves the problem of difficult permeable pavement design on steep roads in the prior art.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is the first flowchart of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] S100: Obtain the terrain information of the current area to be constructed based on the GIS system. The terrain information is the slope at each coordinate position of the area. Construct a surface model of the area to be constructed based on the terrain information. Set a boundary line with the same slope on the surface model based on the slope of each point in the surface model to divide multiple first surface areas.

[0035] It should be noted that this embodiment is aimed at the sponge city construction paving scheme in areas with significant terrain differences. The GIS system can provide terrain information of the area to be constructed. Based on the GIS system, the terrain difference trend of each geographical location can be obtained. The greater the terrain difference trend, the greater the corresponding surface slope. That is, if rainwater falls in that area, it will quickly flow towards the lower terrain. The greater the surface slope, the shorter the time it takes for the permeable pavement to absorb the water. After the rainwater falls, the greater the slope data, the less water the corresponding pavement can absorb. This will accumulate in low-lying areas and cause greater pressure for waterlogging.

[0036] A surface function F(x,y,z) can be constructed in the area to be constructed using the surface that receives rainwater. The slope of the area to be constructed changes continuously under the terrain difference. The greater the height difference between z1 and z2 between two adjacent points (x1,y1,z1) and (x2,y2,z2) in the surface function, the greater the terrain difference. Therefore, the surface function F(x,y) can reflect the regional terrain change at each point. Based on the slope of the surface, multiple slope contour lines can be set in the area to be constructed in the surface function F(x,y,z). Based on these slope contour lines, the area to be constructed can be further divided into multiple first surface regions with similar slopes. The terrain difference trends in each first surface region are similar. The slopes in the first surface regions are not consistent, but rather between two slope values ​​corresponding to two slope boundaries. In this embodiment, the average slope of the first surface region can be calculated and regarded as the overall slope.

[0037] S200: Obtain historical precipitation data of the area to be constructed, calculate the rainy season precipitation based on the historical precipitation data; perform a first-type surface integral on each first surface area according to the rainy season precipitation to obtain the precipitation received by each first surface area; calculate the retained rainwater and flowing rainwater in each first surface area according to the preset slope corresponding to the rainwater retention ratio.

[0038] It should be noted that the rainfall is considered to be consistent in the area to be constructed, that is, the rainfall at each coordinate location in the area is consistent. The rainfall during the rainy season is calculated by obtaining local historical rainfall data, such as the daily average rainfall of multiple days of rainfall during the rainy season.

[0039] By performing a first-type surface integral on each first-curved surface region and multiplying it by the rainfall during the rainy season, the amount of rainwater received by the corresponding region can be obtained. In other words, the amount of rainwater received by each first-curved surface region is determined by the rainfall falling on the first-curved surface region during the rainy season. The larger the surface area of ​​the first-curved surface region, the greater the amount of rainfall it will receive. The rainwater retention ratio is set according to the terrain slope data of each region. The larger the preset slope, the smaller the retention ratio. That is, the steeper the terrain, the more the rainwater flows away directly after falling, and the greater the proportion that cannot contact the surface. In this case, a larger proportion of the rainwater received by the region will flow to the nearby lower-tall regions.

[0040] S300: Based on the GIS system, identify the adjacency relationship and terrain elevation of each first curved surface area, calculate the sum of the rainwater retained in each first curved surface area and the rainwater flow received from the adjacent area with higher terrain, and obtain the rainwater receiving capacity of each first curved surface area; set the water absorption specifications of the building facilities in the first curved surface area according to the rainwater receiving capacity.

[0041] It should be noted that in urban planning, the slope of the area to be constructed is generally relatively gentle. Therefore, each first curved surface area is not surrounded by multiple boundary lines with the same slope. Thus, in this embodiment, it is only necessary to consider that the flowing rainwater in each first curved surface area flows only to one adjacent low-lying first curved surface area. The height difference between the first curved surface areas in the area to be constructed is also relatively uniform. That is, the overall terrain of a certain area in adjacent first curved surface areas is higher than that of another area. The terrain height relationship between the first curved surface areas can be identified according to the GIS system. The flowing rainwater in the high-lying first curved surface area will flow to its adjacent low-lying first curved surface area. The terrain height relationship between each adjacent first curved surface area can be identified according to the GIS system. Then, the amount of rainwater that needs to be carried in a certain curved surface area can be calculated based on the rainwater retained in each first curved surface area and the sum of the flowing rainwater in the adjacent higher-lying areas. In this embodiment, the situation after the rainwater flows in multiple first curved surface areas is not considered.

[0042] It is understandable that the higher the porosity of permeable pavement, the higher the water absorption rate, and the higher the corresponding paving requirements. Each curved surface area, while absorbing its own rainwater, also needs to consider the flow of water from adjacent areas. The higher the total rainwater absorption, the higher the required permeability of the pavement. Permeable pavements include permeable asphalt pavement, permeable brick pavement, and permeable concrete pavement. Different materials exhibit significantly different permeability effects. The main influencing factors include porosity, aggregate gradation, and adhesive type. Porosity is the key factor affecting permeability performance; the higher the porosity, the better the permeability. The better, for example, the shape and surface condition of the road surface aggregate particles can affect the porosity and strength of concrete. Larger aggregate particles provide higher porosity and better permeability, but lower strength. The type and performance of the adhesive will also affect the permeability of permeable concrete. After calculating the amount of rainwater received by each first curved surface area, the parameters of the permeable facilities of the area pavement can be set accordingly. The greater the amount of rainwater received, the greater the permeability requirement of the permeable pavement. This is to ensure that the waterlogging will not be caused by a mismatch between the required permeability and the amount of rainwater received, thus affecting the city's drainage effect.

[0043] In this embodiment, a surface model corresponding to the slope is constructed using the terrain information of the area to be constructed obtained through a GIS system, and multiple first surface regions with the same slope are divided. The amount of precipitation borne by each region is calculated using the first type of surface integral and precipitation. The proportion of precipitation that can be absorbed is calculated based on the steep slope of the region, and the flow direction of precipitation is determined based on the elevation difference between adjacent surface regions. The final amount of rainwater that each region needs to bear is calculated, and the paving parameters of the building facilities are set accordingly to ensure that the permeability is consistent with the rainwater bearing capacity. This allows urban construction to have better adaptability to rainwater in sloping areas and improves the city's ability to bear rainwater.

[0044] The above is a detailed description of the first embodiment of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method provided in this application. The following is a detailed description of the second embodiment of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method provided in this application.

[0045] In this embodiment, a GIS-based method for the layout of sponge city buildings and facilities is further provided. In the aforementioned step S200, the first type of surface integration is performed on each first surface region according to the rainy season precipitation to obtain the precipitation received by each first surface region, specifically as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] in, Let be the amount of precipitation received by the nth first curved surface region. This refers to rainfall during the rainy season. This is the surface model of the nth first surface region. In this embodiment, the nth first surface region is subjected to a first-type surface integral, which physically means to calculate the spatial surface mass of a given density function. In this embodiment, the precipitation is regarded as the average density on the surface. The data obtained after the surface integral is the precipitation mass borne by the entire surface, corresponding to the precipitation in each first surface region affected by its terrain slope, which facilitates the calculation of the influence on the subsequent adjacent regions.

[0048] Furthermore, in the aforementioned step S200, after obtaining the rainfall received by each first curved surface area, the method further includes: acquiring road drainage design data in the area to be constructed, determining the corresponding first curved surface area based on the location of each road drainage design, and correcting the rainfall received by the first curved surface area based on the drainage parameters of the road drainage design. It should be noted that in addition to sponge city construction, there will also be conventional urban water supply and drainage designs, such as sewer and trough-type rainwater network designs. Based on the design locations in these road drainage design data, the first curved surface area where each drainage facility is located can be determined. Based on the number of drainage facilities in each first curved surface area and the drainage parameters of each drainage facility, the distribution of rainwater received by these drainage designs in the first curved surface area can be obtained. That is, after rainwater falls into the first curved surface area, a fixed flow of rainwater is distributed and carried away by the drainage facilities, correcting the rainfall received by the area. Only the rainfall distributed by the drainage facilities can circulate and be absorbed by the permeable pavement.

[0049] The above is a detailed description of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method provided by the first aspect of this application. The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system provided by the second aspect of this application.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system. This embodiment provides a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system, including:

[0051] The region division module 10 is used to obtain the terrain information of the current area to be constructed based on the GIS system. The terrain information is the slope at each coordinate position of the area. A surface model of the area to be constructed is constructed based on the terrain information. Based on the slope of each point in the surface model, a boundary line with the same slope is set on the surface model to divide multiple first surface areas.

[0052] Rainwater data calculation module 20 is used to acquire historical precipitation data of the area to be constructed, calculate the rainy season precipitation based on the historical precipitation data, perform a first type of surface integration on each first surface area according to the rainy season precipitation, and obtain the precipitation received by each first surface area; calculate the retained rainwater and flowing rainwater in each first surface area according to the preset slope corresponding to the rainwater retention ratio.

[0053] The building facility layout module 30 is used to identify the adjacency relationship and terrain elevation relationship of each first curved surface area according to the GIS system, calculate the sum of the rainwater retention volume of each first curved surface area and the flow of rainwater received from the adjacent area with higher terrain, and obtain the rainwater receiving volume of each first curved surface area; and set the water absorption specifications of the building facilities in the first curved surface area according to the rainwater receiving volume.

[0054] Furthermore, in the rainfall data calculation module 20, a first-type surface integral is performed on each first surface region according to the rainfall during the rainy season to obtain the rainfall received by each first surface region, specifically:

[0055] ;

[0056] in, Let be the amount of precipitation received by the nth first curved surface region. This refers to rainfall during the rainy season. This is the surface model of the nth first surface region.

[0057] Furthermore, after obtaining the rainfall received by each first curved surface region, the rainfall data calculation module 20 also includes:

[0058] Obtain road drainage design data in the area to be constructed, determine the corresponding first curved surface area based on the location of each road drainage design, and correct the amount of precipitation received by the first curved surface area according to the drainage parameters of the road drainage design.

[0059] A third aspect of this application also provides a GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method and device, including a processor and a memory: wherein the memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor; the processor is used to execute the above-mentioned GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method according to the instructions in the program code.

[0060] The fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code for executing the above-described GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working process of the above-described apparatus and equipment can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0062] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0063] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0064] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0065] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0066] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: Obtaining terrain information of the current to-be-constructed region based on a GIS system, wherein the terrain information is the slope gradient at each coordinate position of the region, and a curved surface model of the to-be-constructed region is constructed according to the terrain information; a same-gradient boundary line is set on the curved surface model based on the slope gradient of each point on the curved surface model, and a plurality of first curved surface regions are divided; Obtaining historical precipitation data of the to-be-constructed region, calculating the rainfall amount in the rainy season based on the historical precipitation data, and performing a first type of curved surface integration on each first curved surface region according to the rainfall amount in the rainy season to obtain the precipitation amount received by each first curved surface region; Calculating the retained rainwater amount and the flowing rainwater amount in each first curved surface region according to a preset slope corresponding rainwater retention ratio; According to the connection relationship and the terrain height relationship of each first curved surface region identified by the GIS system, the sum of the retained rainwater amount of each first curved surface region and the flowing rainwater amount of the region connected with a higher terrain is calculated to obtain the receiving rainwater amount of each first curved surface region; and the building facility water absorption specification of the first curved surface region is set according to the receiving rainwater amount. 2.The GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method of claim 1, wherein, The first type of curved surface integration on each first curved surface region according to the rainfall amount in the rainy season to obtain the precipitation amount received by each first curved surface region is specifically as follows: ； wherein, the amount of precipitation received by the nth first curved surface region, the amount of precipitation during the rainy season, the curved surface model of the nth first curved surface region. 3.The GIS-based sponge city building facility layout method of claim 1, wherein, After obtaining the precipitation amount received by each first curved surface region, the method further comprises the following steps: Obtaining road drainage design data in the to-be-constructed region, determining the corresponding first curved surface region according to the position of each road drainage design, and correcting the precipitation amount received by the first curved surface region according to the drainage parameter of the road drainage design.

4. A GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The region division module is configured to obtain terrain information of the current to-be-constructed region based on a GIS system, wherein the terrain information is the slope gradient at each coordinate position of the region, and a curved surface model of the to-be-constructed region is constructed according to the terrain information; a same-gradient boundary line is set on the curved surface model based on the slope gradient of each point on the curved surface model, and a plurality of first curved surface regions are divided; The rainwater data calculation module is configured to obtain historical precipitation data of the to-be-constructed region, calculate the rainfall amount in the rainy season based on the historical precipitation data, and perform a first type of curved surface integration on each first curved surface region according to the rainfall amount in the rainy season to obtain the precipitation amount received by each first curved surface region; and calculate the retained rainwater amount and the flowing rainwater amount in each first curved surface region according to a preset slope corresponding rainwater retention ratio; The building facility layout module is configured to calculate the sum of the retained rainwater amount of each first curved surface region and the flowing rainwater amount of the region connected with a higher terrain according to the connection relationship and the terrain height relationship of each first curved surface region identified by the GIS system to obtain the receiving rainwater amount of each first curved surface region; and set the building facility water absorption specification of the first curved surface region according to the receiving rainwater amount.

5. The GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first type of curved surface integration on each first curved surface region according to the rainfall amount in the rainy season to obtain the precipitation amount received by each first curved surface region is specifically as follows: ； wherein, the amount of precipitation received by the nth first curved surface region, the amount of precipitation during the rainy season, the curved surface model of the nth first curved surface region.

6. The GIS-based sponge city building facility layout system according to claim 4, characterized in that, After obtaining the precipitation amount received by each first curved surface region, the method further comprises the following steps: Obtaining road drainage design data in the to-be-constructed region, determining the corresponding first curved surface region according to the position of each road drainage design, and correcting the precipitation amount received by the first curved surface region according to the drainage parameter of the road drainage design.

7. A GIS-based sponge city building facility layout device, characterized in that, The device comprises a processor and a memory: The memory is configured to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor. The processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-3 based on the instructions in the program code.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium is configured to store program code, and the program code is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-3 based on GIS.

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