Fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault diagnosis method for a gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, and particularly relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis. Abnormal hot area distribution and structural deformation characteristics of equipment are analyzed through infrared thermal imaging data and visible light image data, an image analysis result is generated, whether gas leakage exists in the equipment or not is judged based on sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, and a gas analysis result is output; judging whether the equipment has abnormal vibration based on the vibration signal data, and outputting a vibration analysis result; based on an image analysis result and a gas and vibration analysis result, establishing a fault association relationship, generating a comprehensive diagnosis result, and determining a fault type and a risk level; in combination with a control rule base, a control signal or an operation and maintenance execution instruction is generated, and cross-modal synchronous diagnosis and accuracy and response real-time performance of fault diagnosis of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fault diagnosis, and more particularly to a fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. Background Art

[0002] The operating status of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) is directly related to the safety and reliability of power grid systems. Current monitoring methods for GIS have gradually shifted from single-modal monitoring to multi-modal data collaborative diagnosis.

[0003] Since the existing multimodal data cannot establish correlations between different faults, the multimodal collaborative diagnosis logic link is interrupted, making it difficult to accurately diagnose and promptly maintain potential equipment faults, seriously affecting the safety of equipment operation and the efficiency of maintenance management. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A fault diagnosis method for a gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear comprises the following steps: S1: Acquire multi-source operating data of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, including sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, visible light image data, and vibration signal data; S2: Cross-modal time synchronization and alignment compensation of multi-source operating data; S3: Based on infrared thermal imaging data and visible light image data, detect the abnormal heat zone distribution and structural deformation characteristics of the equipment and output image analysis results; S4: Based on the sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, calculate the gas density change rate, determine whether there is a gas leak in the equipment, and output the gas analysis results; S5: Based on the vibration signal data, calculate the vibration frequency offset, determine whether the equipment has abnormal vibration, and output the vibration analysis results; S6: Based on the image analysis results and the gas and vibration analysis results, establish a fault correlation relationship and generate a comprehensive diagnosis result; S7: Determine the risk level and fault type of the equipment based on the comprehensive diagnosis results, match them with the control rule library, and generate control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, S1 is specifically: Collect SF6 gas density data inside the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Collect infrared thermal imaging data of the outer surface of the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Collect visible light image data of the outer surface of the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Collect vibration signal data at the connection locations of key mechanical components of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, S2 is specifically: Select the acquisition timestamp of the vibration signal data as the reference time axis; Perform time difference calibration on the acquisition timestamps of sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, and visible light image data with the reference time axis respectively; If there are missing data collection time points after calibration, the data values ​​of the missing time points are supplemented by linear interpolation.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, S3 is specifically: Based on infrared thermal imaging data, identify abnormal heat distribution areas that exceed the normal operating temperature range, and determine the location coordinate information and temperature value of the abnormal heat distribution areas; Extract structural contour features and surface texture features based on visible light image data; Compare the structural contour features and surface texture features with the standard image features to determine the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour and the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture; The position coordinate information and temperature value of the abnormal hot zone distribution area, the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour and the coordinate information of the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture are taken as the image analysis results.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, S4 is specifically: Calculating the density change rate of sulfur hexafluoride gas based on the ratio of the density change of sulfur hexafluoride gas density data within a preset time period to the corresponding time period; Judging whether there is gas leakage in the gas chamber of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to whether the rate of change of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density exceeds a preset threshold value of the rate of change of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density; The sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate and the gas leakage judgment result are used as the gas analysis results.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, S5 is specifically: Calculating the offset between the actual vibration frequency in the vibration signal data and the preset normal vibration frequency by a spectrum analysis method to determine the vibration frequency offset; Judging whether there is abnormal vibration at the connection position of the key mechanical components of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to whether the vibration frequency offset exceeds a preset vibration frequency offset threshold; The vibration frequency deviation and abnormal vibration judgment result are used as vibration analysis results.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, S6 is specifically: Based on the spatial relationship between the position coordinate information of the abnormal hot zone distribution area, the temperature value and the gas leakage judgment result, the correlation relationship between the gas leakage situation and the abnormal temperature phenomenon is established; Based on the spatial relationship between the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour, the coordinate information of the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture and the abnormal vibration judgment result, the correlation between the abnormal vibration phenomenon and the structural deformation characteristics is established; Based on the correlation between gas leakage and abnormal temperature phenomena, and the correlation between abnormal vibration phenomena and structural deformation characteristics, comprehensive diagnostic results are generated.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, S7 is specifically: Determine the fault type of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear based on the comprehensive diagnosis results; Determine the risk level of the current fault type of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear based on the comprehensive diagnosis results; Matching control rules corresponding to risk levels and fault types from a control rule library; According to the matched control rules, control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear are generated.

[0013] The technical effects and advantages of the fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear of the present invention are as follows: By uniformly collecting and time-aligning data such as sulfur hexafluoride gas density, infrared thermal imaging, visible light images, and vibration signals, the system effectively resolves diagnostic link interruptions caused by asynchronous multimodal data collection. Based on image analysis, gas leak determination, and vibration frequency anomaly identification, a cross-modal feature association mechanism was established, enabling the logical connection between internal equipment leaks and external structural and vibration anomalies. Combining comprehensive diagnostic results with a control rule library, the system determines risk levels and generates control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions, improving the real-time nature of fault responses and the accuracy of decision-making, enhancing the safety of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear operations and the efficiency of diagnostic decisions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The following will provide a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Example Figure 1 The present invention provides a fault diagnosis method for a gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, which comprises the following steps: S1: Acquire multi-source operating data of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, including sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, visible light image data, and vibration signal data; S2: Cross-modal time synchronization and alignment compensation of multi-source operating data; S3: Based on infrared thermal imaging data and visible light image data, detect the abnormal heat zone distribution and structural deformation characteristics of the equipment and output image analysis results; S4: Based on the sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, calculate the gas density change rate, determine whether there is a gas leak in the equipment, and output the gas analysis results; S5: Based on the vibration signal data, calculate the vibration frequency offset, determine whether the equipment has abnormal vibration, and output the vibration analysis results; S6: Based on the image analysis results and the gas and vibration analysis results, establish a fault correlation relationship and generate a comprehensive diagnosis result; S7: Determine the risk level and fault type of the equipment based on the comprehensive diagnosis results, match them with the control rule library, and generate control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions.

[0017] S1: Acquire multi-source operating data of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, including sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, visible light image data, and vibration signal data, including: Multi-source operational data for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIMS): sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, visible light image data, and vibration signal data. SF6 gas density data refers to the density change data of SF6 gas within the gas chamber of the GIMS. This data indicates whether there is a gas leak within the equipment by measuring the change in gas mass per unit volume. Infrared thermal imaging data refers to temperature distribution data captured by an infrared thermal imaging camera using thermal radiation from the outer surfaces of each gas chamber of the GIMS. These data, presented as infrared thermal images, are used to determine whether the outer surface temperatures of each gas chamber of the equipment are within the normal range. Visible light image data refers to visible light image information captured by a visible light imaging camera of the outer surfaces of each gas chamber of the GIMS. These images reflect the structure, texture, and color of the equipment's outer surface. These visible light image data can be used to identify structural anomalies on the outer surface of the gas chamber, such as cracks, deformation, or oil stains. Vibration signal data refers to the vibration fluctuation data at the connection positions of key mechanical components of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear obtained in real time through vibration sensors. Specifically, it is the curve information of vibration amplitude, frequency, etc. that changes with time. It can reflect whether there is abnormal vibration at the connection positions of key mechanical components of the equipment, such as loose connections, mechanical wear or component damage.

[0018] Collect SF6 gas density data inside the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Multiple sulfur hexafluoride gas density sensors are installed inside the gas chamber of each gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. They are installed at different key points within the gas chamber, such as the bottom, middle, and top. For example, sulfur hexafluoride gas density sensors are installed at the bottom, middle, and top of the gas chamber of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. Each sulfur hexafluoride gas density sensor measures the sulfur hexafluoride gas density at that location in real time. The sulfur hexafluoride gas density sensor is a capacitive or resonant sensor with a density measurement range of 10 kilograms per cubic meter to 50 kilograms per cubic meter, with a density measurement accuracy of over 0.1 kilograms per cubic meter. The sampling frequency is typically set at 1 to 10 times per second, enabling real-time recording of dynamic trends in gas density changes within the gas chamber. The sensor is securely connected to the gas chamber housing using either a threaded or flanged connection to prevent loosening or falling off between the sensor and the equipment during measurement.

[0019] Collect infrared thermal imaging data of the outer surface of the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Infrared thermal imaging cameras are installed at various locations on the outer surface of each gas chamber in gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIMS) to enable real-time, continuous collection of infrared thermal radiation data from each gas chamber's outer surface. At least one or more infrared thermal imaging cameras are installed on the outer surface of each gas chamber, depending on the size and shape of the chamber. The camera's resolution is set to 640×480 pixels or higher, and the field of view is selected to be between 45° and 90° to ensure comprehensive collection of infrared thermal radiation data from each gas chamber's outer surface. For example, an infrared thermal imaging camera with a resolution of 640×480 pixels and a field of view of 60° is installed on the outer surface of a gas chamber to record thermal radiation data from the outer surface in real time. The camera's frame rate is typically set to 10 to 30 frames per second to ensure continuous and stable temperature field image data.

[0020] Collect visible light image data of the outer surface of the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Visible light imaging cameras are installed at various locations on the exterior surface of each chamber of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) to continuously capture images of the equipment's exterior surface in real time. These cameras utilize high-definition cameras with a resolution of 1920×1080 pixels or higher, a field of view of 60° to 120°, and a frame rate of 10 to 30 frames per second. For example, two high-definition cameras with a resolution of 1920×1080 pixels are installed on the exterior surface of the chamber, one located in front of and one behind the other, to comprehensively capture and monitor the structure and texture of the exterior surface.

[0021] Collect vibration signal data at the connection locations of key mechanical components of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; High-sensitivity vibration sensors should be installed at key mechanical component connections of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, such as flange connections, contact connections, and support insulator base connections. These sensors should be piezoelectric or capacitive, with a sensitivity of at least 0.1 mm / s and a frequency range of 1 Hz to 5000 Hz. The sampling frequency should be at least 1000 times per second. For example, high-sensitivity piezoelectric vibration sensors should be installed at flange connections to record vibration frequency and amplitude in real time.

[0022] S2: Cross-modal time synchronization and alignment compensation of multi-source operating data, including: Select the acquisition timestamp of the vibration signal data as the reference time axis; Because each sensor and camera uses an independent time-recording system to collect data, the starting point, time interval, and sampling moment of each sensor and camera may differ during data collection. For example, the acquisition timestamp of a sulfur hexafluoride gas density sensor may be out of sync with that of a vibration sensor. The acquisition timestamps of an infrared thermal imaging camera and a visible light imaging camera may also differ. Therefore, a unified time reference axis is necessary to compare data on the same time axis. Vibration signal data typically features high sampling frequency, strong sampling stability, and high time accuracy. Therefore, the acquisition timestamp of the vibration signal data is used as the reference time axis. For example, a vibration sensor has a sampling frequency of over 1000 times per second, offering extremely high time resolution and providing vibration signal data acquisition timestamps with millisecond-level time accuracy. Therefore, the acquisition timestamp of the vibration signal data provides sufficient accuracy and stability as the reference time axis. For example, during actual operation of a gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, the vibration sensor begins collecting vibration signal data at 13:00 on May 1, 2024, and records vibration signal data every millisecond thereafter. The recorded data timestamp begins at 13:00:00.000 on May 1, 2024, and is continuously recorded at millisecond intervals. This millisecond-level vibration signal data timestamp is set as the base time axis.

[0023] Perform time difference calibration on the acquisition timestamps of sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, and visible light image data with the reference time axis respectively; Compare the timestamp recorded at each data collection moment corresponding to the sulfur hexafluoride gas density data with the reference timeline formed by the vibration signal data collection to determine the time difference between each sulfur hexafluoride gas density data collection moment and the corresponding collection moment on the reference timeline. For example, a data collection timestamp of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density sensor is 13:0:01:0500 milliseconds on May 1, 2024, and the closest time corresponding to the reference timeline is 13:0:01:0503 milliseconds on May 1, 2024, with a time difference of 3 milliseconds. Compare the timestamp of each sulfur hexafluoride gas density data point with the reference timeline, and record the time difference for each data point. Similarly, compare the timestamps of the data collected by the infrared thermal imaging camera and the visible light image camera with the reference timeline. For example, if an infrared thermal imaging camera captures an infrared image frame at 13:00:02 on May 1, 2024, the corresponding timestamp is 13:00:02:020 on May 1, 2024, and the closest time on the reference timeline is 13:00:02:018 on May 1, 2024. Therefore, the time difference recorded for this frame of infrared thermal imaging data is 2 milliseconds. If a visible light image camera captures an image frame at the same time with a timestamp of 13:00:02:030 on May 1, 2024, and the closest time on the reference timeline is 13:00:02:031 on May 1, 2024, the time difference recorded for this frame of visible light image data is 1 millisecond. The time difference calibration process is performed frame by frame and point by point, determining the time difference between each data point and the reference timeline to ensure that all data accurately corresponds to the same timeline, eliminating time errors during data acquisition.

[0024] If there are missing data collection time points after calibration, the data values ​​of the missing time points are supplemented by linear interpolation; After completing the time difference calibration between the acquisition timestamps of multi-source operating data and the reference time axis, some data acquisition time points may not completely correspond to the reference time axis, that is, at certain time points on the reference time axis, there is a lack of matching sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, or visible light image data. This data loss is usually due to differences in the sampling frequencies of different types of sensors or accidental data loss during transmission. In order to ensure the one-to-one correspondence of data points of various types of data on the reference time axis, it is necessary to effectively supplement the missing data points. Linear interpolation is used to supplement the values ​​of missing data points. Specifically, if there are known adjacent data points before and after a missing data point, the data value of the missing point is calculated through a linear relationship between the known data points. For example, if the sulfur hexafluoride gas density data is missing at 13:00:01:0500 milliseconds on the benchmark timeline on May 1, 2024, the previous data point at 13:00:01:05490 milliseconds on May 1, 2024, is 20.0 kilograms per cubic meter, and the next data point at 13:00:01:0510 milliseconds on May 1, 2024, is 20.2 kilograms per cubic meter. Linear interpolation is used to calculate the data value of the missing point to be 20.1 kilograms per cubic meter. Similarly, for infrared thermal imaging data and visible light image data, if data is missing at a certain benchmark time point, the data is supplemented by interpolation of adjacent data points. In this way, missing data points of all types of data are supplemented, ensuring that all types of data have valid data values ​​at each unified sampling time point, thereby forming complete, continuous, and accurate multi-source operation data corresponding to the unified benchmark timeline.

[0025] S3: Based on infrared thermal imaging data and visible light image data, detect the abnormal heat zone distribution and structural deformation characteristics of the equipment, and output image analysis results, including: Based on infrared thermal imaging data, identify abnormal heat distribution areas that exceed the normal operating temperature range, and determine the location coordinate information and temperature value of the abnormal heat distribution areas; To identify abnormal hot spots that exceed the normal operating temperature range, it is necessary to establish a baseline normal operating temperature range for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIMS). This baseline normal operating temperature range is determined by historical temperature data recorded during long-term normal operation. For GIMS, for example, the normal temperature baseline range for the outer surface of the gas chamber is 10 to 50 degrees Celsius. If infrared thermal imaging data collected during equipment operation shows a temperature exceeding this baseline range, such as a temperature above 50 degrees Celsius or below 10 degrees Celsius in a local area of ​​the outer surface of the gas chamber, the local area is identified as an abnormal hot spot. The coordinates of the abnormal hot spot are typically recorded using pixel coordinates in the infrared thermal image. For example, the image center is used as the coordinate origin, with the positive horizontal coordinate direction pointing rightward and the positive vertical coordinate direction pointing downward. The coordinate range of the abnormal hot spot is recorded in pixels. For example, the coordinate range of the abnormal hot spot in the infrared thermal image is 250 to 350 pixels for the horizontal coordinate and 200 to 300 pixels for the vertical coordinate. The temperature values ​​of all pixels within the abnormal hot zone distribution area are counted to determine the temperature value of the abnormal hot zone distribution area, with the highest or lowest temperature value within the area being used as the representative temperature. For example, if the highest temperature measured within the abnormal hot zone distribution area is 65 degrees Celsius, 65 degrees Celsius is used as the temperature value of the abnormal hot zone distribution area. The abnormal hot zone identification process of infrared thermal imaging data is usually implemented through image processing algorithms, including pixel-by-pixel traversal detection, threshold segmentation methods, pixel region clustering, etc., to determine the location coordinate information and temperature value of the abnormal hot zone on the outer surface of each air chamber.

[0026] Extract structural contour features and surface texture features based on visible light image data; Visible light image data is captured by a visible light imaging camera installed on the outer surface of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIMS) chamber. The image resolution is 1920×1080 pixels or higher, the field of view ranges from 60 to 120 degrees, and the frame rate is 10 to 30 frames per second. Each frame clearly displays the structural features, contour edges, and surface texture information of the outer surface of the GIMS chamber. Structural contour features refer to the contour boundary information of the outer surface of the GIMS chamber, such as distinct edges, seams, and connection locations, as seen in visible light images. For example, the edges of the equipment casing, flange connections, and chamber seams should be clear and continuous. Surface texture features refer to the texture patterns and details of the outer surface of the GIMS chamber, such as the gloss and roughness of the surface material, or the presence of abnormalities such as oil stains, dirt, and discoloration. The extraction of structural contour features and surface texture features is typically achieved through image edge detection and texture analysis algorithms. For example, the Canny edge detection algorithm is used to extract the structural contour features of the device's outer surface. By performing grayscale conversion, image denoising, edge gradient calculation, non-maximum suppression, and dual-threshold connection processing on the image, the contour edge of the device's outer surface is obtained. Surface texture features are extracted using texture analysis methods, such as the gray-level co-occurrence matrix method, which analyzes the spatial relationships between pixels in local image regions to determine texture contrast, energy, uniformity, and other factors, thereby identifying areas of texture anomalies. These methods can accurately extract structural contour features and surface texture features from visible light image data of the device's outer air chamber surface.

[0027] Compare the structural contour features and surface texture features with the standard image features to determine the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour and the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture; The standard image features of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIMS) chamber surface structure are pre-collected and recorded visible light image feature data when the equipment is in a normal state. These features include a standard structural outline and normal texture pattern. The extracted structural outline features of the equipment's chamber surface are compared pixel by pixel with the standard structural outline features to determine any differences in outline shape, position, or continuity from the standard state. If a significant difference occurs, such as an edge position shift exceeding a set threshold (e.g., 10 pixels), the location of the structural outline anomaly is identified and the image coordinates of the location are recorded. The extracted surface texture features of the equipment's chamber surface are compared region by region with the standard texture features. If there is a significant change in texture pattern contrast, glossiness, or roughness compared to the standard texture features (e.g., a grayscale value difference greater than 20 levels), the area is identified as a surface texture anomaly, and the image coordinates of the specific location are recorded. Through these pixel-by-pixel and region-by-region comparisons, the coordinates of the structural outline anomaly and surface texture anomaly areas of the equipment are determined.

[0028] The coordinate information of the abnormal hot zone distribution area and the temperature value, the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour and the coordinate information of the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture are used as the image analysis results; The obtained coordinates and temperature information for abnormal hot spots, abnormal structural contour locations, and abnormal surface texture areas together form the image analysis results of the outer surface of the gas chamber of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. These are stored in a unified data format. For example, the coordinates and temperature values ​​for abnormal hot spots are recorded as (250 to 350 pixels on the horizontal axis, 200 to 300 pixels on the vertical axis, and a temperature of 65 degrees Celsius), the abnormal structural contour locations are recorded as (600 to 650 pixels on the horizontal axis, 500 to 550 pixels on the vertical axis), and the abnormal texture areas are recorded as (700 to 750 pixels on the horizontal axis, 400 to 450 pixels on the vertical axis).

[0029] S4: Based on the sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, calculate the gas density change rate, determine whether there is a gas leak in the equipment, and output the gas analysis results, including: Calculating the density change rate of sulfur hexafluoride gas based on the ratio of the density change of sulfur hexafluoride gas density data within a preset time period to the corresponding time period; The preset time period is typically determined by the equipment's application environment and monitoring requirements. For example, the preset time period can be set to 1 minute, 5 minutes, or 10 minutes. For example, for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS), a 5-minute preset time period means that all SF6 gas density data from 10:00:00 on May 1, 2024, to 10:05:00 on May 1, 2024, will be recorded.

[0030] The change in sulfur hexafluoride gas density over a preset time period is calculated by taking the gas density at the start of the preset time period as the initial value and the gas density at the end of the period as the final value. Subtracting the initial value from the final value yields the density change. For example, if the sulfur hexafluoride gas density at the start of the preset time period, 10:00:00 on May 1, 2024, is 30.0 kilograms per cubic meter, and at the end of the preset time period, 10:05:00 on May 1, 2024, is 29.0 kilograms per cubic meter, the change in gas density over the preset time period is 29.0 minus 30.0, which equals -1.0 kilograms per cubic meter.

[0031] After obtaining the density change amount, divide it by the corresponding preset time period length, and the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate can be calculated. If the density change amount is -1.0 kg / m3 and the time period length is 5 minutes, the calculation formula of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate is the density change amount divided by the time length, i.e. -1.0 kg / m3 divided by 5 minutes, and the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate obtained is -0.2 kg / m3 / min. The density change rate reflects the speed of the change of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density in the gas chamber of the gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear with time, and can reflect whether the sulfur hexafluoride gas leakage occurs in the gas chamber.

[0032] According to whether the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate exceeds the preset sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate threshold value, it is judged whether the gas leakage occurs in the gas chamber of the gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear. The threshold value of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate, i.e. the critical value of the gas leakage judgment, is preset. The sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate threshold value is usually set according to the design specification, industry standard or actual operation experience of the equipment. For example, the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate threshold value set by the industry standard for the gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear is -0.05 kg / m3 / min, i.e. if the gas density change rate reaches or exceeds the threshold value, it indicates that the gas leakage occurs in the gas chamber of the equipment.

[0033] The calculated sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate is compared with the preset sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate threshold value to judge whether the leakage occurs in the equipment. For example, the calculated gas density change rate is -0.2 kg / m3 / min, which exceeds the preset sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate threshold value -0.05 kg / m3 / min, and therefore it is determined that the obvious sulfur hexafluoride gas leakage occurs in the gas chamber of the gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear.

[0034] Through the above method, it can be judged whether the sulfur hexafluoride gas leakage occurs in the gas chamber of the gas insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, and the serious problems such as the decline of the insulation performance of the gas chamber and the reduction of the operation safety of the equipment can be effectively avoided.

[0035] The sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate and the gas leakage judgment result are taken as the gas analysis result. The gas analysis result includes the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate and the gas leakage judgment result, which are recorded in the form of unified data format or data table, for example, the sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate is recorded as -0.2 kg / m3 / min, and the gas leakage judgment conclusion is recorded as “gas leakage exists”.

[0036] S5: Based on the vibration signal data, the vibration frequency offset amount is calculated, it is judged whether the abnormal vibration exists in the equipment, and the vibration analysis result is output, including: Calculating the offset between the actual vibration frequency in the vibration signal data and the preset normal vibration frequency by a spectrum analysis method to determine the vibration frequency offset; The connection locations of key mechanical components of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear include important connection points on the equipment structure, such as flange connection locations, contact connection locations, and connection locations at the bottom of the support insulator. Spectral analysis is performed based on vibration signal data. Spectral analysis is a signal processing method that specifically uses the fast Fourier transform algorithm to process vibration signal data, converting the vibration signal waveform in the time domain into spectral distribution data in the frequency domain, thereby displaying the frequency components contained in the vibration signal and the vibration amplitude corresponding to each frequency component. The time domain vibration signal data is preprocessed (such as detrending, removing DC components, and signal filtering). An appropriate data window (such as a Hanning window or rectangular window) is selected for window function processing. The processed time domain signal is converted into a frequency domain signal using the fast Fourier transform algorithm to obtain the spectral distribution result of the vibration signal.

[0037] After obtaining the vibration signal spectrum, the actual vibration frequency is determined based on the vibration amplitude corresponding to each frequency point in the spectrum. The actual vibration frequency refers to the peak frequency point with the largest vibration amplitude in the spectrum, that is, the frequency position where the vibration signal energy is most concentrated. For example, in the vibration signal spectrum of the key mechanical component connection point of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, if the frequency with the most concentrated vibration signal energy is 120 Hz, then 120 Hz is the actual vibration frequency.

[0038] The preset normal vibration frequency is based on the normal vibration frequency of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) previously collected and recorded during fault-free operation. This frequency serves as the baseline for determining vibration frequency deviation. This normal vibration frequency is typically determined after multiple measurements and statistical analysis during the initial operation of the equipment. For example, if the vibration frequency measured during normal operation is stable at 115 Hz, 115 Hz is set as the preset normal vibration frequency baseline.

[0039] The vibration frequency offset is determined by comparing the actual vibration frequency with the preset normal vibration frequency. This is done by subtracting the normal vibration frequency from the actual vibration frequency. For example, if the actual vibration frequency is 120 Hz and the normal vibration frequency is 115 Hz, the vibration frequency offset is +5 Hz. If the actual vibration frequency is lower than the normal vibration frequency, for example, if the actual vibration frequency is 110 Hz, the vibration frequency offset is 110 Hz minus 115 Hz, resulting in a vibration frequency offset of -5 Hz. The vibration frequency offset directly indicates the degree to which the actual operating state of the mechanical connection of the equipment has changed compared to the normal state.

[0040] Judging whether there is abnormal vibration at the connection position of the key mechanical components of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to whether the vibration frequency offset exceeds a preset vibration frequency offset threshold; A vibration frequency deviation threshold is pre-determined as the critical value for determining whether abnormal vibration exists at the connection points of key mechanical components of the equipment. This threshold is typically determined based on equipment design specifications, industry standards, or operational experience. For example, based on industry standards or relevant technical specifications for the safe operation of power equipment, the threshold is set at ±3 Hz. This means that when the actual vibration frequency differs from the normal frequency by more than 3 Hz, it indicates abnormal vibration at the connection points of key mechanical components of the equipment.

[0041] The absolute value of the vibration frequency offset is compared with the vibration frequency offset threshold. If the absolute value of the vibration frequency offset is greater than or equal to the absolute value of the preset threshold, abnormal vibration is determined to be present at the connection point of the key mechanical component of the equipment; otherwise, abnormal vibration is determined to be absent. For example, if the calculated vibration frequency offset is +5 Hz, and its absolute value of 5 Hz exceeds the preset threshold of 3 Hz, abnormal vibration is determined to be present. If the calculated vibration frequency offset is +2 Hz, and its absolute value of 2 Hz is less than the threshold of 3 Hz, abnormal vibration is determined to be absent. This determination can determine whether abnormal vibration is present at the connection point of the mechanical component of the equipment, ensuring the safe operation of the equipment.

[0042] The vibration frequency offset and abnormal vibration judgment results are used as vibration analysis results; Vibration analysis results include the vibration frequency offset and a determination of abnormal vibration based on whether the frequency offset exceeds a preset threshold. This indicates the current vibration status of the mechanical connection points of the equipment. For example, a vibration analysis result might be recorded as "Vibration frequency offset is +5 Hz, indicating abnormal vibration."

[0043] S6: Based on the image analysis results and the gas and vibration analysis results, establish fault correlations and generate comprehensive diagnostic results, including: Based on the spatial relationship between the position coordinate information of the abnormal hot zone distribution area, the temperature value and the gas leakage judgment result, the correlation relationship between the gas leakage situation and the abnormal temperature phenomenon is established; The abnormal heat zone position coordinate information and temperature value are compared with the spatial position of the gas leakage judgment result to establish a spatial correlation relationship. The correlation relationship establishment process is: mapping the internal leakage position corresponding to the gas leakage judgment result and the abnormal heat zone position on the surface of the equipment in spatial position. The method of spatial position mapping includes the spatial position coordinate corresponding method of the actual equipment structure, that is, through the equipment structure diagram, the spatial coordinate model or the equipment three-dimensional space modeling method, the internal space position coordinate of the gas chamber and the abnormal heat zone position coordinate on the surface of the gas chamber are corresponded and converted. For example, the gas leakage position is determined at the flange connection position in the internal space of the gas chamber, that is, the internal space coordinate of the equipment is the three-dimensional position coordinate calibrated at the flange connection position in the equipment design drawing, and the surface abnormal heat zone coordinate is the pixel coordinate point of the flange connection position recorded in the image. Through the pre-constructed spatial mapping model or the equipment structure size conversion, the spatial consistency of the internal leakage point and the surface abnormal heat zone can be accurately corresponded. After spatial position correspondence, if the internal gas leakage point and the external abnormal heat zone position are spatially overlapped, the spatial correlation relationship between the gas leakage condition and the abnormal temperature phenomenon is established. Through the above method, the spatial correlation relationship between the internal sulfur hexafluoride gas leakage condition of the equipment gas chamber and the abnormal temperature phenomenon on the surface of the gas chamber is established.

[0044] Based on the coordinate information of the structural contour abnormal position, the coordinate information of the surface texture abnormal area and the spatial position relationship of the abnormal vibration judgment result, the correlation relationship between the abnormal vibration phenomenon and the structural deformation feature is established; The spatial mapping correspondence is carried out by using the equipment design drawing. First, the three-dimensional spatial coordinate position of the key mechanical component connection position of the equipment is determined, such as the coordinate position of the flange connection position in the design drawing. The structural contour abnormal position coordinate information and the surface texture abnormal area coordinate information are matched in spatial position through the actual equipment size or the spatial coordinate conversion model to determine whether the external structural deformation position and the internal abnormal vibration position of the equipment are spatially overlapped. For example, if the abnormal vibration position coordinate of the internal flange connection position of the equipment and the structural contour abnormal position coordinate of the external flange connection position are overlapped, the correlation relationship between the abnormal vibration phenomenon and the structural deformation feature on the surface of the equipment is established. Through the above spatial mapping and corresponding method, the spatial correspondence relationship between the abnormal vibration phenomenon of the key mechanical component connection position of the equipment and the structural deformation feature on the surface of the equipment can be accurately confirmed.

[0045] Based on the correlation relationship between the gas leakage condition and the abnormal temperature phenomenon and the correlation relationship between the abnormal vibration phenomenon and the structural deformation feature, a comprehensive diagnosis result is generated; The comprehensive diagnosis result is a comprehensive evaluation of the equipment state, including: whether there is a leakage of sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the gas chamber, the position coordinates and temperature values of the abnormal hot area on the outer surface of the gas chamber, whether there is abnormal vibration at the connection position of the key mechanical components of the equipment, the position coordinate information of the abnormal position of the outer surface structure profile and the abnormal area of the surface texture.

[0046] For example, in a gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear, there is a leakage of sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the gas chamber No. 1 flange connection (gas density change rate -0.2 kg / m3 / min), the temperature of the outer surface flange connection position abnormally rises to 65 degrees Celsius, and there is an abnormal vibration phenomenon at the equipment No. 1 flange connection position (vibration frequency offset +5 Hz), and there is a profile deformation and texture abnormality phenomenon (such as cracks, rust, oil stains) in the same area on the outer surface. According to the above correlation, the comprehensive diagnosis result is: "sulfur hexafluoride gas leakage occurs inside the equipment No. 1 gas chamber flange connection position, accompanied by abnormal temperature rise on the outer surface, and abnormal vibration occurs at the equipment flange connection position, causing deformation of the outer surface structure profile and texture abnormalities". The comprehensive diagnosis result can guide the equipment maintenance and maintenance strategy formulation to ensure safe and reliable operation of the equipment.

[0047] S7: According to the comprehensive diagnosis result, determine the risk level and fault type of the equipment, and match with the control rule library to generate control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions, including: According to the comprehensive diagnosis result, determine the fault type of the gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear; The fault types of the gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear include but are not limited to the following types: gas leakage type fault, mechanical structure vibration abnormality type fault, structure deformation type fault and multiple fault combination type fault, etc. Each fault type corresponds to a specific combination of diagnostic features. The gas leakage type fault refers to the presence of sulfur hexafluoride gas leakage inside the equipment gas chamber, which is determined by the gas density change rate exceeding the preset threshold. The mechanical structure vibration abnormality type fault refers to the occurrence of vibration abnormality at the connection position of the key mechanical components of the equipment, which is determined by the vibration frequency offset exceeding the preset threshold. The structure deformation type fault refers to the occurrence of abnormal profile and texture features on the outer surface structure of the equipment, which is determined by comparison with standard image features. The multiple fault combination type fault refers to the simultaneous occurrence or mutual accompaniment of multiple single fault features.

[0048] For example, by integrating the diagnostic results, it is determined that there is a leakage of sulfur hexafluoride gas (gas density change rate -0.2 kg / m3 / min) in the gas chamber 1 flange connection position of the gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear, and abnormal vibration (vibration frequency offset +5 Hz) occurs in the flange connection position, the temperature of the flange connection area on the outer surface of the equipment rises to 65°C, and cracks appear in the structural profile, and the surface texture is rusted and discolored. It can be determined that the fault type of the equipment is a combination of multiple faults, specifically a combination of gas leakage, mechanical structure vibration abnormality and structural deformation.

[0049] According to the integrated diagnostic results, the risk level of the current fault type of the gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear is determined; Generally, the risk level division standard is determined according to the equipment operation safety standard, maintenance specification or industry technical specification. The risk level of the gas insulated metal enclosed switchgear fault is divided into several different levels, for example, into three levels of slight risk, medium risk and serious risk, each level corresponds to a specific risk state index and condition threshold.

[0050] For example, according to the gas leakage situation, the gas density change rate within -0.05 kg / m3 / min is determined as a slight risk, the gas density change rate within -0.05 to -0.1 kg / m3 / min is determined as a medium risk, and the gas density change rate exceeding -0.1 kg / m3 / min is determined as a serious risk. Similarly, the risk level of abnormal vibration of the equipment is also divided according to the vibration frequency offset, and the vibration frequency offset within ±3 Hz is a slight risk, the offset of ±3 to ±5 Hz is a medium risk, and the offset exceeding ±5 Hz is a serious risk.

[0051] According to the integrated diagnostic results, the gas density change rate in the gas chamber of the equipment is -0.2 kg / m3 / min, reaching the serious risk level; the vibration frequency offset is +5 Hz, reaching the medium risk level; at the same time, the structural deformation appears cracks and rust, which is divided into the serious risk level according to the degree of structural deformation. Finally, the risk level of the overall fault of the equipment is determined according to the highest risk level in each fault characteristic, so the final fault risk level of the equipment is determined as the serious risk level. The determination of the risk level is used to guide the emergency degree of the equipment maintenance management measures and the maintenance strategy.

[0052] Match the control rules corresponding to the risk level and the fault type from the control rule library; The control rule library is a collection of equipment maintenance and control rules established in advance based on equipment maintenance management experience, industry standards and safety management requirements. Each rule in the control rule library corresponds to a specific risk level and fault type. The rules include various maintenance or control actions such as equipment operation adjustment measures, maintenance measures, alarm instructions and equipment shutdown instructions.

[0053] For example, the rule base defines a control rule for severe-risk gas leaks: immediate shutdown and dispatch of maintenance personnel to investigate the leak's location. A moderate-risk abnormal mechanical vibration fault requires immediate adjustment of the equipment's operating status, reduced load, and on-site maintenance. A severe-risk structural deformation fault requires immediate shutdown and dispatch of a maintenance team to replace damaged components. Based on the comprehensive diagnostic assessment results, the device uses the risk level and fault type as input, matches each rule in the control rule base to the corresponding rule, and determines which matching rule applies to the current diagnostic status.

[0054] Generate control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear based on the matched control rules; Based on the matched control rules, control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions are generated. Control signals are instructions sent to the equipment control system for execution, such as shutdown instructions, operating status adjustment instructions, or alarm signals. Operation and maintenance execution instructions are specific operational requirements or suggestions sent to equipment maintenance personnel or the maintenance system.

[0055] For example, the matched rules are the immediate shutdown and alarm rules corresponding to the serious risk level of gas leakage, and the rules for immediate on-site replacement of damaged parts corresponding to the serious risk level of structural deformation. Therefore, the control signal generated is an immediate shutdown signal, and at the same time, an alarm signal is triggered and sent to the central control system; the generated operation and maintenance execution instructions include immediately dispatching the on-site maintenance team, replacing the damaged structural parts of the gas chamber No. 1 flange, and checking the source of the leakage.

[0056] Control signals and operation and maintenance execution instructions can immediately guide equipment and on-site maintenance personnel to implement specific operations, quickly eliminate equipment safety hazards, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0057] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formulas are obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation to obtain the most recent real situation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formulas are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0058] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part via software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are fully or partially performed. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired means (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains a collection of one or more available media. The available medium can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor media can be a solid-state drive.

[0059] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0060] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0061] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0062] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, and may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0063] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0064] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0065] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

[0066] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Acquire multi-source operating data of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear, including sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, visible light image data, and vibration signal data; S2: Cross-modal time synchronization and alignment compensation of multi-source operating data; S3: Based on infrared thermal imaging data and visible light image data, detect the abnormal heat zone distribution and structural deformation characteristics of the equipment and output image analysis results; S4: Based on the sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, calculate the gas density change rate, determine whether there is a gas leak in the equipment, and output the gas analysis results; S5: Based on the vibration signal data, calculate the vibration frequency offset, determine whether the equipment has abnormal vibration, and output the vibration analysis results; S6: Based on the image analysis results and the gas and vibration analysis results, establish a fault correlation relationship and generate a comprehensive diagnosis result; S7: Determine the risk level and fault type of the equipment based on the comprehensive diagnosis results, match them with the control rule library, and generate control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions.

2. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1, specifically: Collect SF6 gas density data inside the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Collect infrared thermal imaging data of the outer surface of the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Collect visible light image data of the outer surface of the gas chamber of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear; Collect vibration signal data at the connection locations of key mechanical components of gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear.

3. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that: S2, specifically: Select the acquisition timestamp of the vibration signal data as the reference time axis; Perform time difference calibration on the acquisition timestamps of sulfur hexafluoride gas density data, infrared thermal imaging data, and visible light image data with the reference time axis respectively; If there are missing data collection time points after calibration, the data values ​​of the missing time points are supplemented by linear interpolation.

4. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that: S3, specifically: Based on infrared thermal imaging data, identify abnormal heat distribution areas that exceed the normal operating temperature range, and determine the location coordinate information and temperature value of the abnormal heat distribution areas; Extract structural contour features and surface texture features based on visible light image data; Compare the structural contour features and surface texture features with the standard image features to determine the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour and the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture; The position coordinate information and temperature value of the abnormal hot zone distribution area, the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour and the coordinate information of the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture are taken as the image analysis results.

5. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that: S4, specifically: Calculating the density change rate of sulfur hexafluoride gas based on the ratio of the density change of sulfur hexafluoride gas density data within a preset time period to the corresponding time period; Judging whether there is gas leakage in the gas chamber of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to whether the rate of change of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density exceeds a preset threshold value of the rate of change of the sulfur hexafluoride gas density; The sulfur hexafluoride gas density change rate and the gas leakage judgment result are used as the gas analysis results.

6. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that: S5, specifically: Calculating the offset between the actual vibration frequency in the vibration signal data and the preset normal vibration frequency by a spectrum analysis method to determine the vibration frequency offset; Judging whether there is abnormal vibration at the connection position of the key mechanical components of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to whether the vibration frequency offset exceeds a preset vibration frequency offset threshold; The vibration frequency deviation and abnormal vibration judgment result are used as vibration analysis results.

7. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 6, characterized in that: S6, specifically: Based on the spatial relationship between the position coordinate information of the abnormal hot zone distribution area, the temperature value and the gas leakage judgment result, the correlation relationship between the gas leakage situation and the abnormal temperature phenomenon is established; Based on the spatial relationship between the coordinate information of the abnormal position of the structural contour, the coordinate information of the abnormal area of ​​the surface texture and the abnormal vibration judgment result, the correlation between the abnormal vibration phenomenon and the structural deformation characteristics is established; Based on the correlation between gas leakage and abnormal temperature phenomena, and the correlation between abnormal vibration phenomena and structural deformation characteristics, comprehensive diagnostic results are generated.

8. A fault diagnosis method for gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear according to claim 7, characterized in that: S7, specifically: Determine the fault type of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear based on the comprehensive diagnosis results; Determine the risk level of the current fault type of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear based on the comprehensive diagnosis results; Matching control rules corresponding to risk levels and fault types from a control rule library; According to the matched control rules, control signals or operation and maintenance execution instructions of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear are generated.

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