Photovoltaic car shed integrated device and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic car shed integrated device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and building integration. Comprising an intelligent photovoltaic power generation module which realizes efficient photoelectric conversion and has the functions of shed sunshade and rainwater collection; the power conversion module executes efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow direction control among three ports of photovoltaic power generation, an energy storage battery and a charging load; the intelligent energy storage management module realizes safe and reliable operation and service life maximization of an energy storage battery; the intelligent charging service module is used for dynamically adjusting the charging power and realizing intelligent charging scheduling through user behavior learning; the predictive energy management module is used for realizing real-time prediction and optimal scheduling of generated power and load requirements and maximizing economic benefits; the modular structure integrated module supports quick installation, independent maintenance and flexible expansion of each functional module through a standardized interface design and a quick-plug connector, and provides unified mechanical support and environmental protection at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation and building integration, more specifically, to a photovoltaic carport integrated device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of renewable energy, photovoltaic power generation, as an important form of green and clean energy, has attracted widespread attention. Traditional photovoltaic systems are mostly installed independently, which is difficult to fully utilize the building space, and there are many deficiencies in energy management and use efficiency. In recent years, the integration of photovoltaic power generation and building facilities, especially the integrated design with carport structure, has become an important direction to improve the utilization efficiency and energy saving effect of photovoltaic. Photovoltaic carport not only realizes the functions of sunshade and rain protection for vehicles, but also fully utilizes the top space of the carport to install photovoltaic modules, realizing the synergy of power generation and building functions. However, the existing photovoltaic carport still has significant deficiencies in energy conversion efficiency, energy storage safety, intelligent charging scheduling, and multi-functional integration.

[0003] Firstly, most of the traditional photovoltaic carport systems use centralized inverters, resulting in power loss of part of the photovoltaic array components and low overall conversion efficiency of the system, and it is difficult to realize fine management of each component. Secondly, the management of the energy storage system generally lacks predictability and active thermal control, and the battery life and safety cannot be guaranteed. Thirdly, the charging service module lacks intelligent scheduling capability, and cannot dynamically optimize the charging strategy according to the real-time power generation condition and user behavior, affecting the energy utilization efficiency and user experience. Finally, the multi-functional integration degree is low, and there is a lack of comprehensive consideration of rainwater collection, carport heat insulation and environmental adaptability, which limits the application and economic benefit of the system.

[0004] In summary, how to realize efficient photovoltaic conversion, intelligent energy storage management, dynamic charging scheduling and multi-functional modular integration of the photovoltaic carport system has become a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the series of defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic carport integrated device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0006] An intelligent photovoltaic power generation module is designed in an integrated manner with a high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array and a carport roof, and through adaptive maximum power point tracking control and micro-inverter distributed architecture, efficient photovoltaic conversion is realized, and the functions of carport sunshade and rainwater collection are also realized;

[0007] A power conversion module is configured based on a bidirectional DC-DC converter combined topology, and performs efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control among the three ports of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load;

[0008] The intelligent energy storage management module generates instructions for active thermal management and predictive balancing control of the energy storage battery based on the energy state signal of the power conversion module, the cascade utilization battery management and the distributed BMS architecture, so as to realize safe and reliable operation of the energy storage battery and maximize the service life of the energy storage battery.

[0009] The intelligent charging service module dynamically adjusts the charging power according to the energy storage state fed back by the intelligent energy storage management module and the real-time power generation data of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module, and realizes intelligent charging scheduling through user behavior learning.

[0010] The predictive energy management module realizes real-time prediction and optimal scheduling of power generation and load demand by combining weather forecast, electricity price information and user behavior data, so as to maximize economic benefits.

[0011] The modular structure integration module supports quick installation, independent maintenance and flexible expansion of each functional module through standardized interface design and quick connector, and provides unified mechanical support and environmental protection.

[0012] The intelligent photovoltaic power generation module, the power conversion module, the intelligent energy storage management module, the intelligent charging service module and the predictive energy management module cooperatively solve the problems of efficient energy conversion, energy storage safety and intelligent scheduling of the photovoltaic carport.

[0013] Further, the high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array adopts a multi-main-grid cell structure, the number of main grids is not less than 7, the surface of the cell is covered with an anti-reflection coating with a light transmittance of not less than 94%, and a self-cleaning texture with a depth of 5-15 microns is provided; the rainwater collection function is realized through a multi-stage flow guide groove provided on the roof of the carport, the cross section of the flow guide groove is trapezoidal, the upper base width is 8-12 cm, the lower base width is 15-20 cm, the depth is 5-10 cm, the inclination angle is controlled between 8° and 15°, and the collected rainwater is subjected to three-stage treatment of initial sand filtration, fine sand filtration and activated carbon adsorption filtration, so as to be used for greening irrigation around the carport and vehicle pre-washing; the micro-inverter distributed architecture adopts a modular inverter unit, the rated output power of each inverter unit is 1.5-3 kW, the input voltage range is 200-500 V DC, the output voltage is 220 V AC, and the inverter units are communicated through an RS485 bus.

[0014] Further, the bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology adopts a three-port LLC resonant structure, which is composed of two parallel LLC resonant units and a shared high-frequency transformer. The resonant inductance Lr of each LLC resonant unit has a value range of 200-300 microhenries, and the resonant capacitance Cr has a value range of 10-20 nanofarads. The whole works in a switching frequency range of 50-200 kHz to realize high-efficiency bidirectional energy transmission. The high-frequency transformer is made of nanocrystalline alloy material, wherein the primary winding adopts multi-strand parallel Litz wire, the diameter of a single strand is 0.2-0.3 mm, and the total number of strands is 50-100 strands; the secondary winding adopts a flat copper strip structure with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm and a width of 5-10 mm.

[0015] Further, the carport roof of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module adopts a double-layer structure design, the upper layer is a photovoltaic array installation layer, and the lower layer is a heat insulation layer, and an air interlayer with a ventilation resistance coefficient ≤0.3 is arranged between the two layers; the photovoltaic array installation layer is equipped with an adjustable inclination angle support, and the inclination angle range is 0°-45°, so as to adjust once every quarter according to the local latitude and seasonal changes to optimize the sunlight incidence angle; the heat insulation layer adopts aerogel felt material with a thermal conductivity coefficient ≤0.02 W / m·℃ and a thickness ≥50 mm, and has A-level fireproof performance to ensure the heat insulation effect and safety of the carport roof.

[0016] The purpose of the present application is also to provide a use method of the photovoltaic carport integrated device, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] Obtain the current running state of the photovoltaic carport integrated device, including the initial power generation of the photovoltaic array, the state of charge of the energy storage battery, the environmental meteorological parameters and the geographical location information of the device;

[0018] Determine the photovoltaic power generation optimization target of the current period according to the environmental meteorological parameters, the geographical location information of the device and the historical running data, and generate the optimal running reference parameters of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module in combination with the initial power generation of the photovoltaic array and real-time meteorological data;

[0019] Control the predictive energy management module to formulate a comprehensive energy management strategy based on the optimal running reference parameters, the electricity price information and the user charging behavior data;

[0020] Whenever a charging demand or energy storage state change is detected, mark the current energy state as a target scheduling state, and configure the energy distribution strategy of the power conversion module based on the photovoltaic power generation power, the state of charge of the energy storage battery and the charging load demand of the target scheduling state;

[0021] According to the energy distribution strategy and using a bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology, high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control are performed among a photovoltaic power generation, an energy storage battery and a charging load three-port;

[0022] In the intelligent power conversion process, the temperature, voltage and current data of the energy storage battery are collected in real time by the intelligent energy storage management module, the real-time power data of the charging process are collected by the intelligent charging service module, the current energy conversion is identified whether to reach the preset efficiency standard in combination with the energy storage state data and the charging power data;

[0023] If the energy conversion does not reach the preset efficiency standard, the predictive equalization control and active thermal management are performed by the intelligent energy storage management module until the efficiency standard is reached;

[0024] If the energy conversion has reached the preset efficiency standard, the current operating state is maintained, and the predictive energy management module continues to perform energy optimization scheduling of the next period according to the comprehensive energy management strategy, while coordinating rainwater collection and processing and energy-saving thermal insulation functions to maximize the comprehensive benefits.

[0025] Further, the step of obtaining the current operating state of the photovoltaic carport integrated device includes: real-time monitoring of the output voltage, current and power parameters of each photovoltaic component in the photovoltaic array, constructing a multi-dimensional data matrix of the initial power generation power of the photovoltaic array; synchronously collecting the voltage, current, temperature and internal resistance information of each battery monomer in the energy storage system, and then accurately calculating the state of charge of the energy storage battery; at the same time, the current environmental meteorological parameters and geographical position information are obtained, and finally a complete operating state database covering power generation, energy storage and environmental conditions is formed.

[0026] Further, the step of configuring the energy distribution strategy of the power conversion module includes:

[0027] A three-port power balance equation is constructed to ensure the dynamic balance among the photovoltaic power generation power, the energy storage battery power and the charging load power;

[0028] Based on different target scheduling states, differential power distribution weight coefficients are formulated, wherein the charging priority state improves the charging port power distribution proportion, and the energy storage priority state increases the energy storage port charging power;

[0029] Under the power capacity constraint condition, an optimal power distribution scheme is solved;

[0030] An efficiency characteristic curve of the power converter is established, and the corresponding highest efficiency working point is selected according to the power level;

[0031] In combination with the real-time load change and system efficiency demand, the port power distribution proportion is dynamically adjusted;

[0032] A power distribution strategy database is constructed, which contains optimal distribution coefficients, efficiency thresholds and safety margin parameters under different working conditions, to ensure the efficiency and reliability of the energy distribution strategy.

[0033] Further, according to the energy distribution strategy and using a bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology, high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control are performed among the photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load three ports, including the following steps:

[0034] According to the current energy distribution strategy, the operating mode of the three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter is determined, the voltage level matching parameters of the photovoltaic port, energy storage port and load port are configured, the working state of the power switch devices of each port is initialized, the electrical connection topology between the three ports is established, and a unified voltage reference value is set;

[0035] Based on the real-time collected photovoltaic power generation power, energy storage battery state of charge and energy demand of the charging load, the power balance relationship between each port is dynamically calculated, the dominant energy flow mode at the current time is determined, and the corresponding switch device control sequence is generated accordingly;

[0036] On the photovoltaic side, dynamic power regulation is implemented through a maximum power point tracking control strategy, and the incremental conductance method is used to adjust the duty cycle of the photovoltaic side DC-DC converter in real time; constant current and constant voltage charging and discharging control is performed on the energy storage side to ensure that each port voltage operates stably within the preset range;

[0037] A multi-loop control strategy is used to coordinate the control of the three-port converter: the outer loop performs power control to ensure the implementation of the energy distribution strategy, and the inner loop performs current control to ensure the safe operation of the switch devices; high-frequency accurate control and power dynamic regulation are achieved through pulse width modulation;

[0038] According to the real-time change requirement of the energy flow direction, the boost / buck operating mode of the converter is switched, and with the help of an intelligent switch matrix control strategy, smooth transition of the energy storage battery charging and discharging state is achieved.

[0039] Further, the intelligent charging service module is used to collect real-time power data during charging, and the current energy conversion is identified whether it meets the preset efficiency standard by combining the energy storage state data and the charging power data, including the following steps:

[0040] Based on the collected charging power data and energy storage state data, the direct transmission efficiency from photovoltaic power generation to charging load, the charging and discharging cycle efficiency of the energy storage battery, and the overall energy conversion efficiency are calculated, and a stable efficiency evaluation value is output;

[0041] The calculated real-time efficiency value is compared and analyzed with the preset multi-level efficiency standard to identify the compliance and efficiency deviation degree of each energy flow link.

[0042] Locate the main loss source in the current energy conversion process and quantify the contribution of each loss factor to the overall efficiency;

[0043] According to the factors of ambient temperature, light intensity, load type and equipment aging degree, the efficiency determination threshold is dynamically adjusted;

[0044] Based on multi-dimensional efficiency data and dynamic determination threshold, whether the current energy conversion efficiency meets the standard is judged by fuzzy logic reasoning, and a comprehensive evaluation report including efficiency level, deviation amplitude and optimization suggestion is generated.

[0045] Further, the step of performing predictive balancing control comprises:

[0046] By monitoring the voltage, internal resistance and capacity difference of each single battery, the battery that needs to be balanced is identified;

[0047] An active balancing topology is designed to realize energy transfer between batteries by using flying capacitor or transformer isolation;

[0048] Based on the charge and discharge history data and aging characteristics of the battery, the future trend of battery inconsistency is predicted;

[0049] Develop the optimal balancing strategy to minimize power loss during the balancing process while ensuring balancing effect;

[0050] Construct a hierarchical and hierarchical balancing control architecture, first implement inter-module balancing, and then perform single cell balancing within the module, to improve the efficiency and response speed of balancing control;

[0051] The balancing control effect is evaluated by calculating the voltage consistency coefficient and capacity consistency coefficient of the battery pack;

[0052] According to the feedback of the balancing effect, the size of the balancing current and the balancing time are automatically adjusted to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the predictive balancing control.

[0053] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] The present application realizes efficient energy conversion, safe and reliable energy storage and intelligent dynamic optimization management of the photovoltaic carport system by modularly integrating efficient monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array, three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter, advanced energy storage management and intelligent charging service, and predictive energy scheduling combined with weather and user behavior. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1This is a module communication timing diagram of a photovoltaic carport integrated device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for using a photovoltaic carport integrated device disclosed in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Throughout the drawings, identical or similar reference numerals represent identical or similar elements or elements having identical or similar functions. The described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0058] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] The embodiments and directional terms described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, a photovoltaic carport integrated device is characterized by comprising:

[0061] The intelligent photovoltaic power generation module integrates a high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array with the carport roof. Through adaptive maximum power point tracking control and a distributed micro-inverter architecture, it achieves efficient photoelectric conversion while also providing carport sunshade and rainwater collection functions.

[0062] A power conversion module configured based on a bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology to perform efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control between the three ports of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load;

[0063] The intelligent energy storage management module responds to the energy status signal of the power conversion module and generates instructions for active thermal management and predictive balancing control of the energy storage battery based on cascade battery management and distributed BMS architecture, ensuring safe and reliable operation and maximizing the life of the energy storage battery;

[0064] The intelligent charging service module dynamically adjusts charging power based on the energy storage status feedback from the intelligent energy storage management module and the real-time power generation data of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module, and realizes intelligent charging scheduling through user behavior learning;

[0065] The predictive energy management module integrates weather forecasts, electricity price information, and user behavior data to achieve real-time prediction and optimized scheduling of power generation and load demand, maximizing economic benefits.

[0066] The modular structure integrates modules through standardized interface design and quick connector, supports quick installation, independent maintenance and flexible expansion of each functional module, and provides unified mechanical support and environmental protection;

[0067] Among them, the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module, the power conversion module, the intelligent energy storage management module, the intelligent charging service module and the predictive energy management module cooperatively solve the problems of efficient energy conversion, energy storage safety and intelligent scheduling of photovoltaic carport.

[0068] In this embodiment, the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module adopts the integrated design of high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array and carport roof, which embodies the deep integration of structure and function. This design not only makes full use of the carport space to realize solar photovoltaic power generation, but also effectively realizes the functions of vehicle sunshade and rainwater collection through the roof structure, maximizing the space utilization and environmental benefits. Technically, this module integrates adaptive maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control technology, which can adjust the operating point of the photovoltaic array in real time to match the current light intensity and environmental conditions, thereby optimizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The application of MPPT technology ensures that the photovoltaic components can continuously output maximum power under different weather and light changes, effectively improving the power generation. In addition, the use of distributed micro-inverter architecture avoids the single-point failure risk brought by traditional centralized inverters, improving the stability and reliability of the device. Distributed micro-inverters make each photovoltaic component work independently, reducing the impact of shadow shading, component inconsistency and other problems on overall performance. The module also has rainwater collection function, which uses the reasonable design of carport roof structure to promote efficient rainwater collection and drainage, meeting the needs of green building and sustainable development. In summary, the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module not only improves the energy conversion efficiency, but also enriches the additional functions of the carport, enhances the environmental adaptability and multi-functional integration value of the device.

[0069] In this embodiment, the power conversion module realizes efficient bidirectional power conversion between the photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load through the design based on the bidirectional DC-DC converter combined topology. The core advantage of this module lies in its flexible and efficient energy flow management capability. The power converter in the traditional photovoltaic system can only convert in one direction, while the bidirectional design of this module allows energy to flow dynamically between the power generation end, energy storage end and load end according to the demand, realizing efficient utilization and intelligent scheduling of energy. For example, when the photovoltaic power generation power is excessive, the excess power can be bidirectionally transmitted to the energy storage battery, realizing effective storage of energy; when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, the energy storage battery can reversely discharge to provide stable power support for the load. In addition, the combined topology structure enables the converter to maintain high conversion efficiency under different operating conditions, reducing energy loss. The intelligent flow control mechanism ensures the safety and reliability of energy transmission by monitoring and adjusting the voltage and current parameters of each port in real time. This design also improves the dynamic response capability of the system, which can quickly adapt to load fluctuations and changes in light, ensuring the stable operation of the charging equipment. Thus, the power conversion module effectively supports the energy coordination and optimization of the entire photovoltaic canopy, realizing the intelligentization and high efficiency of energy flow.

[0070] In this embodiment, the intelligent energy storage management module takes the energy storage battery as the core, responds to the energy state signal of the power conversion module, combines the cascade utilization battery management technology and the distributed battery management system (BMS) architecture, and realizes the all-round intelligent management of the energy storage unit. Cascade utilization analyzes the characteristics of different life cycles of the battery, reasonably arranges the use priority and load distribution of the battery, prolongs the overall service life of the battery, and improves the economic benefit of the energy storage battery. The distributed BMS architecture enhances the flexibility and scalability of management, supports independent monitoring and coordinated control of multiple battery units. The built-in active thermal management technology of the module automatically adjusts the cooling or heating strategy based on real-time battery temperature monitoring to prevent performance degradation or safety risks caused by abnormal temperature of the battery. Predictive equalization control dynamically adjusts the charging and discharging strategy by predicting the capacity and voltage difference of the battery, avoiding overcharging and discharging of single batteries, and ensuring the overall state balance of the battery pack. These technologies effectively solve the problems of fast battery aging, many safety hazards and difficult maintenance in traditional energy storage batteries. The intelligent energy storage management module ensures the stability and safety of the energy storage battery, optimizes the battery performance, greatly improves the energy storage efficiency and service life, and provides strong support for the continuous and stable operation of the photovoltaic canopy system.

[0071] In this embodiment, the intelligent charging service module realizes dynamic adjustment and intelligent scheduling of charging power by integrating the energy storage status feedback from the intelligent energy storage management module and real-time power generation data from the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module. One of the core technologies of this module is an algorithm based on user behavior learning, which can accurately predict future charging load by collecting and analyzing user charging habits, travel patterns, and electric vehicle charging needs, and optimize charging time and power distribution. This not only improves charging efficiency and avoids the pressure on the power grid caused by concentrated peak load, but also enhances the user's charging experience. The dynamic power adjustment mechanism can flexibly adjust the charging output according to the real-time power generation conditions of photovoltaic and the energy storage capacity, preferentially use clean energy, and maximize the reduction of dependence on external power grids, promoting green and low-carbon development. This module also has real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis functions for charging load, ensuring the safety and stability of the charging process. Through close cooperation with the energy storage management and photovoltaic power generation modules, an efficient and intelligent energy supply closed loop from energy collection, storage to the end user is realized.

[0072] In this embodiment, the predictive energy management module integrates weather forecasts, electricity price information, and user behavior data to build a multi-dimensional real-time prediction and optimization scheduling platform. Through accurate weather data input, it can predict future periods of light intensity and environmental changes, and then predict photovoltaic power generation power trends to achieve advance planning of energy. Dynamic access to electricity price information enables the system to have economic operation capabilities, allowing it to prioritize energy storage during low-price periods and reasonably release energy during high-price periods to maximize economic benefits. The integration of user behavior data further improves the accurate prediction of load demand, combined with the data of the intelligent charging service module, to achieve dynamic balance and optimization of supply and demand. This module considers the generation and load demand comprehensively, coordinates the energy flow of each subsystem, reduces waste and redundancy, and improves overall operational efficiency. As a result, the predictive energy management module not only enhances the intelligent decision-making capabilities of the photovoltaic carport, but also improves economic efficiency and sustainable operation levels, becoming a key support for the intelligent management of photovoltaic carports.

[0073] In this embodiment, the modular structure integration module significantly improves the installation efficiency and maintenance convenience of the entire photovoltaic carport through standardized interface design and quick connectors. Standardized interfaces ensure the electrical and mechanical connection compatibility between functional modules, reducing interface adaptation problems during installation and simplifying integration processes. The application of quick connectors allows modules to be quickly connected and disconnected without tools, facilitating on-site construction and later maintenance, reducing labor costs and maintenance time. At the same time, modular design supports flexible expansion, allowing functional modules to be added or removed according to actual needs to meet different scales and complexity of application scenarios. The module also provides a unified mechanical support structure to ensure stable installation of all functional modules, with good environmental protection performance such as wind resistance, dust resistance, and waterproofness, extending the service life of the equipment.

[0074] In summary, the photovoltaic carport integrated device realizes high integration and intelligent management of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage management and charging service through the cooperation of multiple modules. The intelligent photovoltaic power generation module ensures efficient and stable energy collection, while also having practical carport functions to improve space utilization. The power conversion module realizes efficient bidirectional energy flow between the three ports, ensuring the flexibility and response speed of system energy scheduling. The intelligent energy storage management module prolongs battery life and ensures safety through active thermal management and predictive balancing. The intelligent charging service module intelligently adjusts the charging strategy based on real-time data and user behavior, improving user experience and optimizing energy utilization. The predictive energy management module integrates multi-dimensional data for scientific prediction and scheduling to maximize economic benefits. The modular structure integrated design ensures the convenience of installation and maintenance and the scalability of the system. Overall, the device not only improves photovoltaic power generation efficiency and energy storage safety, but also promotes the development of green and low-carbon transportation infrastructure through intelligent energy management and user interaction.

[0075] Further, the high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array adopts a multi-main-grid cell structure with no less than 7 main grids. The cell surface is covered with an anti-reflection coating with a light transmission rate of no less than 94%, and is provided with a self-cleaning texture with a depth of 5-15 microns. The rainwater collection function is realized through a multi-stage flow guide groove provided on the carport roof, the cross section of the flow guide groove is trapezoidal, the upper base width is 8-12 cm, the lower base width is 15-20 cm, the depth is 5-10 cm, and the inclination angle is controlled between 8°-15°. The collected rainwater is subjected to three-stage treatment of initial sand filtration, fine sand filtration and activated carbon adsorption filtration, so as to be used for carport surrounding greening irrigation and vehicle pre-washing. The micro-inverter distributed architecture adopts a modular inverter unit, the rated output power of each inverter unit is 1.5-3 kW, the input voltage range is 200-500 V DC, the output voltage is 220 V AC, and the inverter units are communicated through an RS485 bus.

[0076] In summary, through the optimization of photovoltaic cell structure, rainwater utilization and inverter, etc., the power generation efficiency, resource utilization rate and operation reliability are significantly improved. The multi-main-grid cell structure cooperates with the high-transmittance anti-reflection coating and the self-cleaning surface texture to effectively enhance the photoelectric conversion capability and reduce the impact of surface pollution on power generation performance. The rainwater collection function precisely controls the flow rate and guide angle through the trapezoidal multi-stage flow guide groove, and combines with the three-stage filtration process to realize efficient purification and recycling of rainwater, expanding the ecological function of the photovoltaic carport. The modular micro-inverter has a wide voltage adaptation range and stable power output capability, and the distributed architecture improves the anti-interference and operation flexibility, and the standardized communication interface also provides convenience for subsequent maintenance and expansion. Overall, through the multi-level integration of structure and function, the energy efficiency, ecological value and intelligent level of the device are effectively improved.

[0077] Further, the bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology adopts a three-port LLC resonant structure, which is composed of two parallel LLC resonant units and a shared high-frequency transformer. The resonant inductance Lr of each LLC resonant unit has a value range of 200-300 microhenries, and the resonant capacitance Cr has a value range of 10-20 nanofarads. The whole works in a switching frequency range of 50-200 kHz to achieve high-efficiency bidirectional energy transmission. The high-frequency transformer is made of nanocrystalline alloy material, wherein the primary winding adopts multi-strand parallel Litz wire, with a single-strand wire diameter of 0.2-0.3 mm and a total number of strands of 50-100; the secondary winding adopts a flat copper strip structure with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm and a width of 5-10 mm.

[0078] In summary, the above bidirectional DC-DC converter topology realizes high-frequency, high-efficiency, and low-loss bidirectional energy transmission by introducing a three-port LLC resonant structure and the application of high-performance magnetic materials. The parallel configuration of the double LLC resonant units combined with the shared high-frequency transformer not only improves the flexibility of energy conversion between the photovoltaic, energy storage, and load three ports, but also enhances the dynamic response characteristics of the device under different working conditions. The precisely set resonant parameters (Lr and Cr) enable the converter to maintain high efficiency within a wide frequency range, significantly reducing switching loss and electromagnetic interference. The high-frequency transformer made of nanocrystalline alloy still has excellent magnetic permeability and low loss characteristics at high frequencies, further improving the overall power density and thermal stability. At the same time, the combination of multi-strand Litz wire on the primary side and flat copper strip structure on the secondary side effectively reduces the AC loss caused by skin effect and skin effect, improving the efficiency of high-frequency energy transmission.

[0079] Further, the intelligent charging service module divides a day into 8-12 charging periods, and determines the maximum available charging power for each period according to the photovoltaic power prediction value, the current state of charge of the energy storage battery, and the charging load reservation situation. The maximum available charging power P charge_max (t) is calculated by the formula: Wherein, P pv (t) represents the photovoltaic power at time t; η pv is the photovoltaic conversion efficiency; E bat (t) is the available energy of the energy storage battery at time t; η bat is the battery discharge efficiency; t start and t end are the charging start and end times, respectively.

[0080] In summary, the intelligent charging service module divides the whole day into multiple charging periods, dynamically calculates the maximum available charging power of each period by combining photovoltaic power generation prediction, energy storage state and user reservation demand, and realizes fine allocation and intelligent scheduling of charging resources. Specifically, the module uses real-time or predicted photovoltaic power generation, considers photovoltaic conversion efficiency and current available energy of the battery, and introduces battery discharge efficiency factor to comprehensively calculate the maximum power supply capacity of each period. On this basis, by setting clear charging start and end times, the module realizes accurate control of the energy supply window of each period, meets the user's charging demand while minimizing the dependence on the power grid. In addition, this multi-factor coupled calculation mode improves the device's perception and response ability to complex energy states, and can dynamically respond to uncertainties caused by different climate conditions, battery aging states and changes in charging load. Through the above strategies, not only the charging efficiency and energy utilization rate are improved, but also the system pressure caused by peak load concentration is relieved, thereby providing a more stable, flexible and economical solution for green transportation energy infrastructure.

[0081] Further, the weather forecast data includes local future 72-hour light intensity prediction value, temperature prediction value, precipitation prediction value and wind speed prediction value; the electricity price information includes local peak, valley, flat electricity price period division and corresponding electricity price of each period; the user behavior data includes charging habits, vehicle usage frequency and adjustable load information of at least 50 users; the power generation prediction adopts a hybrid prediction architecture based on physical model and data driven, wherein the physical model introduces photovoltaic cell temperature coefficient, dust shading loss coefficient and component aging coefficient, the data driven model adopts long short-term memory network structure, the number of hidden layer neurons is ≥256, and is trained based on not less than 100,000 samples to predict photovoltaic power generation power in the future 15 minutes-4 hours; the load demand prediction decomposes the load signal into trend term, seasonal term and random term, respectively uses homogeneous polynomial fitting, Fourier series fitting and ARIMA model for modeling and prediction, and then reconstructs each term, and the prediction time range is the load demand in the future 0.5-4 hours; the optimization scheduling takes maximizing economic benefit and improving system stability as the goal, adjusts the charging and discharging strategy of the energy storage battery and the grid-connected power of photovoltaic power generation, and realizes the optimization allocation of energy flow in the future 24 hours.

[0082] In summary, by fusing multi-source heterogeneous data and constructing a refined prediction and scheduling system, the energy management capability and operational economy of the photovoltaic carport device in a variable environment are significantly enhanced. Meteorological forecast data cover key meteorological elements for the next 72 hours, providing accurate reference for photovoltaic power generation trends; the introduction of electricity price information and user behavior data enables the device to dynamically adapt to different electricity price cycles and user electricity consumption behaviors. The power generation prediction model combines photovoltaic physical characteristics and deep learning algorithms, considering factors such as temperature, pollution, and aging, and using the LSTM model to mine the time series patterns in historical data to improve short-term to medium-term prediction accuracy; the load demand prediction is modeled by decomposing the trend term, seasonal term, and random disturbance, effectively identifying the regularity and suddenness of load changes. Finally, based on the prediction results, the optimization scheduling is executed with the goal of maximizing economic benefits, dynamically adjusting the energy storage strategy and photovoltaic grid-connected power to enable scientific and efficient allocation of energy flow within the next 24 hours. This mechanism not only enhances the autonomous decision-making capability and operational flexibility of energy management, but also realizes deep coordination and value synergy among power generation, electricity consumption, and energy storage.

[0083] Further, the standardized interface includes a mechanical interface and an electrical interface, wherein: the mechanical interface includes positioning pins and fixing bolts, and the electrical interface includes high-voltage connectors and low-voltage communication connectors; the quick plug connector adopts a self-locking design, with a plug-in life of ≥5000 times, a contact resistance of ≤5 mΩ, and a protection level of IP67; the mechanical support adopts high-strength aluminum alloy profiles, with a maximum span of 6-9 meters, a wind load resistance of ≥12 levels, and a seismic intensity of 8 degrees; and the environmental protection includes a heat insulation layer on the top of the carport, a windproof net on the side, a drainage system at the bottom, and a corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of each module.

[0084] In summary, through the standardized design of mechanical and electrical interfaces and the selection of high-reliability components, the photovoltaic carport achieves high integration and environmental adaptability in installation, maintenance, and operation. The mechanical interface adopts a combination of positioning pins and fixing bolts to ensure high-precision docking and stable fixation during structural connection, significantly improving assembly efficiency and module replacement convenience; the electrical interface uses high-voltage and low-voltage communication connectors to ensure safe transmission of energy and data, meeting the needs of internal efficient collaboration. The self-locking structure of the quick plug connector provides high plug-in reliability and contact performance, suitable for frequent operation scenarios, while its IP67-level protection effectively resists dust and moisture erosion, ensuring long-term stable operation. The mechanical support part uses high-strength aluminum alloy profiles, which not only meet the 6-9 meter span requirement but also have excellent wind and seismic resistance, suitable for various complex outdoor environments. The environmental protection function builds a comprehensive protection barrier from multiple dimensions such as heat protection, wind protection, drainage, and corrosion prevention, providing long-term operational safety protection for the carport and its internal equipment.

[0085] Further, the intelligent charging service module integrates multiple charging interface standards, each interface supports plug-and-charge function, the time from plug connection to start charging is not more than 15 seconds, the charging interface is equipped with a smart identification chip, which can identify the vehicle brand, model and battery specification in an instant when the plug is inserted, and automatically match the best charging parameters.

[0086] In summary, the intelligent charging service module significantly improves the compatibility, convenience and accuracy of the charging process by integrating multiple charging interface standards and introducing plug-and-charge and smart identification technology. The plug-and-charge function can automatically complete identification and start within 15 seconds after the user inserts the charging interface, greatly shortening the charging waiting time and optimizing the user experience; the smart identification chip can accurately identify the vehicle brand, model and battery parameters in an instant when the plug is connected, realize fast matching and automatic adjustment of the charging strategy, and avoid the decline of charging efficiency or safety hazards caused by parameter mismatch.

[0087] Further, the intelligent energy storage management module adopts a multi-level battery management architecture, including a battery monomer management layer, a module management layer and a system management layer, wherein: the battery monomer management layer is responsible for monitoring the voltage, temperature and internal resistance of each battery monomer, and performing monomer-level equalization control; the module management layer is responsible for total voltage monitoring, total current monitoring and thermal distribution monitoring of the module, and performs module-level energy scheduling and safety protection; the system management layer is responsible for energy distribution, power regulation of the entire energy storage battery and communication coordination with external systems;

[0088] The energy storage battery uses lithium iron phosphate cells, with a single cell rated voltage of 3.2 volts and a capacity range of 50-100 ampere-hours,

[0089] The energy storage battery adopts a combination of 4P10S-6P15S, forming an energy storage unit with a capacity of 64-96 kilowatt-hours, the working temperature range of the energy storage unit is -20℃ to 50℃, and the cycle life is not less than 8000 times;

[0090] The active thermal management adopts heat pipe cooling, the nominal diameter of the heat pipe is 8-12mm, the length is 300-500mm, the heat conduction efficiency is ≥1000W / ℃, it is arranged between the energy storage batteries and forms a three-dimensional cooling network, ensuring that the temperature difference between the battery monomers is ≤2℃; the predictive equalization control takes the state of charge, health state and self-discharge rate of the battery as input variables, adjusts the equalization strategy in real time, improves the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage unit by 3%-5%, and prolongs the life by 15%-20%.

[0091] In summary, the intelligent energy storage management module realizes the systematic optimization of energy storage batteries in safety, efficiency and life by constructing a multi-level battery management architecture and combining high-performance cell configuration, active thermal control and predictive balancing technology. The three-layer management architecture, from single battery to module to system level, respectively performs fine electrical parameter monitoring, thermal distribution sensing and multi-dimensional energy scheduling, forming a bottom-up closed-loop management chain, effectively preventing problems such as cell imbalance and module thermal runaway. The lithium iron phosphate battery with high safety and long life characteristics is selected, and the 4P10S to 6P15S is flexibly combined to form a 64-96 kilowatt-hour capacity energy storage unit, meeting the energy storage needs of different scenarios, and having a wide temperature adaptation capability of-20℃ to 50℃ and a cycle life of ≥8000 times, ensuring the long-term stability of the device. Active thermal management can quickly balance the temperature difference to within 2℃ by laying high-efficiency heat pipes to form a three-dimensional heat dissipation network, inhibiting heat accumulation and local overheating, and fundamentally improving thermal safety level; while the predictive balancing control is based on key variables such as state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH) and self-discharge rate, dynamically adjusting the balancing strategy, so that the charging and discharging efficiency of the energy storage battery is improved by 3%-5% and the cell life is extended by 15%-20% in actual operation. Overall, the module integrates structural level management, high-performance material application and intelligent control, providing a high-reliability, high-efficiency and sustainable operation core guarantee for photovoltaic carport energy storage batteries.

[0092] Further, the carport roof of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module adopts a double-layer structure design, the upper layer is a photovoltaic array installation layer, and the lower layer is a heat insulation layer, and an air interlayer with a ventilation resistance coefficient ≤0.3 is arranged between the two layers; the photovoltaic array installation layer is equipped with adjustable inclination angle supports, and the inclination angle range is 0°-45°, so as to adjust once every quarter according to the local latitude and seasonal change, so as to optimize the sunlight incidence angle; the heat insulation layer adopts aerogel felt material, the thermal conductivity coefficient is ≤0.02 W / m·℃, the thickness is ≥50 millimeters, and has A-level fireproof performance, so as to ensure the heat insulation effect and safety of the carport roof.

[0093] In summary, the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module effectively improves the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules and the thermal environmental comfort of the carport through the double-layer structure design of the carport roof. The upper photovoltaic array installation layer is equipped with adjustable inclination angle supports, supporting angle adjustment from 0° to 45°, which can regularly optimize the solar light incidence angle according to the geographical latitude and seasonal changes, maximize light capture, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The lower heat insulation layer uses high-performance aerogel felt material, which has extremely low thermal conductivity and significant heat insulation effect, and also has A-level fireproofing, ensuring the safety of the carport structure. An air gap is provided between the two layers, with a low ventilation resistance coefficient of 0.3, promoting air circulation and further reducing heat accumulation, effectively alleviating the problem of temperature rise in the photovoltaic module and the carport interior, and prolonging the service life of the equipment. This structure not only improves the overall performance of the photovoltaic power generation module, but also optimizes the thermal management and safety protection of the carport, providing a solid technical foundation for the efficient and stable operation of the integrated photovoltaic carport.

[0094] As shown in Figure 2 The present embodiment also provides a method for using a photovoltaic carport integrated device, including the following steps:

[0095] Obtain the current operating state of the photovoltaic carport integrated device, including the initial power generation of the photovoltaic array, the state of charge of the energy storage battery, the environmental meteorological parameters, and the geographical location information of the device;

[0096] Determine the photovoltaic power generation optimization target for the current period according to the environmental meteorological parameters, the geographical location information of the device, and the historical operation data, and generate the optimal operating reference parameters of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module in combination with the initial power generation of the photovoltaic array and real-time meteorological data;

[0097] Control the predictive energy management module to develop a comprehensive energy management strategy based on the optimal operating reference parameters, price information, and user charging behavior data;

[0098] Whenever a charging demand or energy storage state change is detected, mark the current energy state as the target scheduling state, and configure the energy distribution strategy of the power conversion module based on the photovoltaic power generation power, the state of charge of the energy storage battery, and the charging load demand of the target scheduling state;

[0099] According to the energy distribution strategy and using the bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology, perform efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow direction control among the photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery, and charging load three ports;

[0100] In the intelligent power conversion process, the temperature, voltage and current data of the energy storage battery are collected in real time by the intelligent energy storage management module, the real-time power data of the charging process are collected by the intelligent charging service module, and the current energy conversion is identified whether it reaches the preset efficiency standard in combination with the energy storage state data and the charging power data;

[0101] If the energy conversion does not reach the preset efficiency standard, the predictive balancing control and active thermal management are performed by the intelligent energy storage management module until the efficiency standard is reached.

[0102] If the energy conversion has reached the preset efficiency standard, the current operating state is maintained, and the predictive energy management module continues to perform energy optimization scheduling for the next period according to the comprehensive energy management strategy, while coordinating rainwater collection and processing and energy-saving insulation functions to maximize the overall benefit.

[0103] In summary, the use method realizes efficient operation and multi-functional collaborative optimization of the photovoltaic carport integrated device in a dynamic environment by constructing a full-process, closed-loop intelligent control mechanism. The operation process covers the whole process from initial state perception, generation of running benchmark parameters, to energy scheduling strategy formulation, real-time power flow control, and energy storage balancing and optimization control. Through joint analysis of photovoltaic power generation power, energy storage state, environmental data and geographic information, the optimal power generation target can be set adaptively and the operation strategy can be updated dynamically; the predictive energy management module integrates electricity price changes and user behavior to realize dual scheduling optimization of economy and responsiveness. In the energy flow conversion stage, the bidirectional DC-DC topology ensures efficient energy coupling between the three ports; real-time collection of energy storage and charging data provides a basis for efficiency checking and adjustment, ensuring that energy utilization rate is continuously in an ideal state. When the overall efficiency deviates from the expected value, the energy storage management module immediately performs predictive balancing and active thermal control to restore performance to the best level. The whole process not only meets the charging and energy storage demand, but also further improves the comprehensive resource utilization efficiency and environmental adaptability of the carport by coordinating the operation of rainwater collection and insulation functions.

[0104] Further, the step of obtaining the current operating state of the photovoltaic carport integrated device includes: real-time monitoring of the output voltage, current and power parameters of each photovoltaic component in the photovoltaic array, and constructing a multi-dimensional data matrix of the initial power generation of the photovoltaic array; synchronously collecting the voltage, current, temperature and internal resistance information of each battery monomer in the energy storage battery, and then accurately calculating the state of charge of the energy storage battery; at the same time, obtaining the current environmental meteorological parameters and geographic location information, and finally forming a complete operating state database covering power generation, energy storage and environmental conditions.

[0105] In summary, through real-time, multi-dimensional data collection and fusion, the operation of the photovoltaic canopy integrated device is comprehensively reflected, and the synchronous monitoring and dynamic feedback of power generation performance, energy storage state and environmental factors are realized. Specifically, the voltage, current and power parameters of the photovoltaic module are collected in detail, and a high-precision power generation data matrix is constructed, providing a solid data foundation for subsequent power generation efficiency analysis and optimization; the energy storage battery monitors the key electrical parameters and thermal state of each battery monomer through fine-grained monitoring, ensuring accurate assessment of the state of charge and effectively improving the safety and response speed of energy storage management; the synchronous acquisition of environmental meteorological and geographic location information provides necessary external condition reference for photovoltaic power generation optimization and energy scheduling. By integrating these multi-source data, a complete structure and comprehensive information operation state database is constructed, greatly enhancing the perception ability and decision support level of intelligent control to the overall operation condition, thereby realizing efficient, safe and intelligent operation and management of the photovoltaic canopy.

[0106] Further, the step of determining the photovoltaic power generation optimization target of the current period comprises:

[0107] Based on the solar radiation intensity, environmental temperature and cloud coverage in the current environmental meteorological parameters, the photovoltaic power generation power change curve in the next 4 to 8 hours is predicted;

[0108] Combined with the geographic location information of the device, the solar elevation angle and azimuth angle are dynamically calculated to determine the optimal orientation and inclination angle of the photovoltaic module;

[0109] Considering the current power grid price, the remaining capacity of energy storage and the queuing charging demand constraints, a multi-objective optimization function is constructed to maximize the power generation efficiency, minimize the operation cost and ensure the timeliness of the charging service, so as to determine the photovoltaic power generation optimization parameters of the current period.

[0110] In summary, through comprehensive analysis and prediction of multi-dimensional parameters, the optimization target of photovoltaic power generation is accurately formulated, and the overall operation efficiency and economy are improved. First, by using key meteorological factors such as solar radiation intensity, environmental temperature and cloud coverage, the power generation power change trend in the next 4 to 8 hours is scientifically predicted, providing forward-looking data support for the dynamic adjustment of photovoltaic power generation. Second, combined with the real-time calculation of the solar elevation angle and azimuth angle based on the geographic location of the device, the optimal orientation and inclination angle of the photovoltaic module are dynamically determined to maximize the capture of solar energy resources and optimize the power generation performance of the photovoltaic array. At the same time, considering the fluctuation of power grid price, the state of energy storage capacity and the queuing of charging demand, a multi-objective optimization model is constructed to balance and optimize the power generation strategy, taking into account the power generation efficiency, operation cost and timeliness of charging.

[0111] Further, the step of marking the current energy state as the target scheduling state comprises:

[0112] Based on the real-time collected photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery state of charge, charging load demand, and interactive power data with the grid, the overall operation dynamics are continuously monitored;

[0113] When any of the following conditions is detected, the state marking program is automatically triggered: new charging demand access, energy storage battery state of charge change amplitude exceeding 5%, photovoltaic power generation fluctuation exceeding 10% of the rated power, or grid electricity price crossing the peak-valley boundary;

[0114] According to the overall operation characteristics, an energy scheduling state transition model is constructed, and multiple operating states including standby state, charging priority state, energy storage priority state, grid-connected priority state, and emergency backup state are defined;

[0115] Finally, according to the current operating parameters and preset priority rules, the optimal scheduling strategy is automatically identified, and the current energy state is marked as the corresponding target scheduling state.

[0116] In summary, through real-time monitoring and dynamic analysis of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery state, charging load demand, and grid interactive power, accurate perception and intelligent response of the device operating condition are realized. By setting key trigger conditions such as the access of new charging demand, significant changes in battery state of charge, fluctuations in photovoltaic power generation, and time period switching of grid electricity price, the mutation of the operating environment can be quickly captured, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the scheduling response. The constructed energy scheduling state transition model covers multiple operating modes, including standby, charging priority, energy storage priority, grid-connected priority, and emergency backup, ensuring that the device can adopt the most suitable operating strategy under different working conditions. Combined with the pre-set priority rules, the optimal scheduling scheme corresponding to the current state is automatically identified and matched, and the target scheduling state is marked. This mechanism not only improves the intelligent management level and scheduling flexibility of the device, but also effectively guarantees the stable and efficient operation of the photovoltaic carport integrated device in a variable load and complex grid environment, promoting the rational distribution and economic utilization of energy.

[0117] Further, the step of configuring the energy distribution strategy of the power conversion module includes:

[0118] A three-port power balance equation is constructed to ensure dynamic balance between photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery power, and charging load power;

[0119] Based on different target scheduling states, differential power distribution weight coefficients are formulated, wherein the charging port power distribution proportion is increased in the charging priority state, and the energy storage port charging power is increased in the energy storage priority state;

[0120] Under the power capacity constraint condition, the optimal power distribution scheme is solved;

[0121] Establishing power converter efficiency characteristic curve, selecting corresponding highest efficiency operating point according to power level;

[0122] Combining real-time load change and system efficiency requirement, dynamically adjusting each port power distribution ratio;

[0123] Building power distribution strategy database containing optimal distribution coefficient, efficiency threshold and safety margin parameters under different working conditions to ensure efficiency and reliability of energy distribution strategy.

[0124] In summary, through building a rigorous three-port power balance model, dynamic coordination and optimal distribution of energy flow among photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load are realized. According to different operating states, power distribution weight is flexibly adjusted to ensure that charging load obtains more power support in charging priority period, and energy storage port is strengthened in energy supplement in energy storage priority state, fully responding to diversified scheduling requirements. Combined with power capacity limitation, optimal power distribution scheme is solved by optimization algorithm to maximize system overall operation efficiency. At the same time, relying on the efficiency characteristic curve of power converter, the highest efficiency operating point of each port is intelligently selected to reduce energy conversion loss. According to real-time load fluctuation and efficiency requirement, power distribution ratio is dynamically adjusted to enhance flexibility and adaptability of energy distribution. By establishing a database containing optimal distribution parameters, efficiency threshold and safety margin under various working conditions, stability and efficiency of power distribution strategy under complex environment are ensured. Overall, the energy distribution strategy significantly improves energy utilization efficiency and operation reliability of photovoltaic canopy integrated device, realizing intelligent coordination management of multi-port energy flow.

[0125] Further, according to the energy distribution strategy and using the combination topology of bidirectional DC-DC converter, efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control among photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load three ports are realized, including the following steps:

[0126] According to the current energy distribution strategy, the operating mode of three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter is determined, the voltage level matching parameters of photovoltaic port, energy storage port and load port are configured, the working state of power switch devices of each port is initialized, the electrical connection topology among three ports is established, and the unified voltage reference value is set;

[0127] Based on real-time collected photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery state of charge and energy demand of charging load, power balance relationship among each port is dynamically calculated, dominant energy flow direction mode at current time is determined, and corresponding switch device control sequence is generated accordingly;

[0128] On the photovoltaic side, dynamic power regulation is implemented through a maximum power point tracking control strategy, and the duty cycle of the photovoltaic side DC-DC converter is adjusted in real time using the incremental conductance method; on the energy storage side, constant current and constant voltage charging and discharging control is performed to ensure that the voltages of each port operate stably within a preset range;

[0129] A multi-loop control strategy is used to coordinate the control of the three-port converter: the outer loop performs power control to ensure the implementation of the energy distribution strategy, and the inner loop performs current control to ensure the safe operation of the switching devices; high-frequency precise control and power dynamic regulation are achieved through pulse width modulation;

[0130] According to the real-time change of energy flow, the boost / drop operating mode of the converter is switched, and the smooth transition of the charging and discharging state of the energy storage battery is realized through the intelligent switch matrix control strategy.

[0131] In summary, through the fine design of the three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter combined topology and intelligent control strategy, efficient and stable power conversion and flow management between photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load are realized. First, according to the current energy distribution strategy, the voltage matching and switching state of each port are accurately configured, the electrical topology structure of the unified voltage reference is constructed, and the coordinated connection of the energy flow among the three ports is ensured. Real-time monitoring of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery state of charge and charging demand, dynamic calculation of power balance, identification of the dominant energy flow direction, and generation of accurate switching control sequence to achieve intelligent regulation of energy flow. Through maximum power point tracking of the incremental conductance method on the photovoltaic side, the photovoltaic module is ensured to work in the best working condition; on the energy storage side, constant current and constant voltage control is used to maintain stable charging and discharging of the battery, effectively ensuring safety and battery life. The introduction of multi-loop control structure enables the coordinated operation of outer loop power control and inner loop current control, and precise regulation and rapid response are achieved through high-frequency pulse width modulation technology. It can also flexibly switch between boost and drop modes according to real-time energy flow changes, and combine with intelligent switch matrix technology to smoothly transition the charging and discharging state of the energy storage battery, greatly improving the dynamic adaptability and energy conversion efficiency of the entire device. Overall, this design provides strong support for the photovoltaic carport integrated device, ensuring efficient, intelligent and safe operation of multi-port energy flow.

[0132] Further, the intelligent charging service module is used to collect real-time power data during charging, and the current energy conversion efficiency is identified based on the energy storage state data and the charging power data, including the following steps:

[0133] Based on the collected charging power data and energy storage state data, the direct transmission efficiency from photovoltaic power generation to charging load, the charging and discharging cycle efficiency of the energy storage battery, and the overall energy conversion efficiency are calculated, and a stable efficiency evaluation value is output;

[0134] The calculated real-time efficiency value is compared with the preset multi-level efficiency standard to identify the compliance and efficiency deviation of each energy flow conversion link;

[0135] The main loss source in the current energy conversion process is located, and the contribution of each loss factor to the overall efficiency is quantified;

[0136] The efficiency determination threshold is dynamically adjusted according to environmental temperature, light intensity, load type and equipment aging degree factors;

[0137] Based on multi-dimensional efficiency data and dynamic determination threshold, the current energy conversion efficiency is judged by fuzzy logic reasoning, and a comprehensive evaluation report including efficiency level, deviation amplitude and optimization suggestion is generated.

[0138] In summary, through real-time data acquisition and multi-dimensional efficiency analysis of the intelligent charging service module, accurate monitoring and dynamic evaluation of the energy conversion performance of the photovoltaic carport are realized. First, the photovoltaic direct supply charging, energy storage circulation and overall energy conversion efficiency are calculated comprehensively to form stable and detailed efficiency evaluation indicators, providing data basis for subsequent determination. By comparing the real-time efficiency with the multi-level preset standard, the compliance and efficiency deviation of each link of the energy flow are accurately identified, which helps to find potential performance bottlenecks in time. Further, the main loss source can be located and quantified, and the contribution of different loss factors to the overall efficiency is clear, which points out the direction for accurate optimization. The dynamic adjustment of the efficiency determination threshold takes into account the complex variables such as environmental temperature, light change, load nature and equipment aging, making the determination standard more practical and scientific. Finally, combined with fuzzy logic reasoning, this mechanism not only determines whether the current energy conversion meets the requirements, but also generates detailed efficiency level evaluation and optimization suggestion report to assist maintenance personnel and management system to develop targeted improvement measures. Overall, this efficiency identification and evaluation process greatly improves the operation transparency and intelligence level of the photovoltaic carport, effectively promoting the continuous improvement of energy utilization efficiency and system stability.

[0139] Further, the step of performing predictive balancing control comprises:

[0140] By monitoring the voltage, internal resistance and capacity difference of each monomer battery, the battery monomer that needs to be balanced is identified;

[0141] An active balancing topology structure is designed to realize energy transfer between batteries by using flying capacitor or transformer isolation;

[0142] Based on the charging and discharging history data and aging characteristics of the battery, the future trend of battery inconsistency is predicted;

[0143] An optimal balancing strategy is developed to minimize power loss during the balancing process while ensuring balancing effect;

[0144] A hierarchical and cascading equalization control architecture is constructed, and inter-module equalization is implemented first, and then intra-module cell equalization is performed to improve the efficiency and response speed of equalization control;

[0145] The equalization control effect is evaluated by calculating the voltage consistency coefficient and the capacity consistency coefficient of the battery pack;

[0146] According to the equalization effect feedback, the equalization current size and the equalization time are automatically adjusted to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of predictive equalization control.

[0147] In summary, by constructing a perfect predictive equalization control system, the precise energy balance and state consistency optimization between the battery cells in the energy storage battery pack are realized. First, the voltage, internal resistance and capacity differences of each battery cell are monitored in real time, and the target battery that needs to be equalized is accurately identified to ensure that the control measures are targeted. The design of the active equalization topology structure uses flying capacitor or transformer isolation method to realize efficient transfer of energy between batteries, avoiding the energy waste of traditional passive equalization. Based on detailed charging and discharging history data and battery aging characteristics, the predictive ability is possessed, which can identify the future development trend of battery inconsistency and plan the equalization strategy in advance. The optimized equalization scheme ensures the equalization effect while minimizing the power loss in the equalization process and improving the overall energy efficiency. The hierarchical and cascading equalization control architecture starts with inter-module equalization, and then performs intra-module cell equalization, significantly improving the response speed and efficiency of control. The equalization effect is quantitatively evaluated by calculating the voltage consistency coefficient and the capacity consistency coefficient, and closed-loop feedback control is realized. Based on the evaluation results, the equalization current and the equalization time are automatically adjusted to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the equalization process. Overall, this predictive equalization control strategy effectively delays battery performance degradation, improves the safety and service life of energy storage batteries, and strengthens the intelligent level of photovoltaic carport energy storage management.

[0148] Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent substitutions for part of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic carport integrated device, characterized in that: include: The intelligent photovoltaic power generation module integrates a high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array with the carport roof. Through adaptive maximum power point tracking control and a distributed micro-inverter architecture, it achieves efficient photoelectric conversion while also providing carport sunshade and rainwater collection functions. A power conversion module configured based on a bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology to perform efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control between the three ports of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load; The intelligent energy storage management module responds to the energy status signal of the power conversion module and generates instructions for active thermal management and predictive balancing control of the energy storage battery based on cascade battery management and distributed BMS architecture, ensuring safe and reliable operation and maximizing the life of the energy storage battery; The intelligent charging service module dynamically adjusts charging power based on the energy storage status feedback from the intelligent energy storage management module and the real-time power generation data of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module, and realizes intelligent charging scheduling through user behavior learning; The predictive energy management module integrates weather forecasts, electricity price information, and user behavior data to achieve real-time prediction and optimized scheduling of power generation and load demand, maximizing economic benefits. Modular structure integrated modules, through standardized interface design and quick-plug connectors, support rapid installation, independent maintenance and flexible expansion of each functional module, while providing unified mechanical support and environmental protection; Among them, the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module, power conversion module, intelligent energy storage management module, intelligent charging service module and predictive energy management module work together to solve the problems of efficient energy conversion, energy storage safety and intelligent scheduling of photovoltaic carports.

2. A photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-efficiency monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic array adopts a multi-busbar cell structure, with the number of busbars being no less than 7; The surface of the battery cell is covered with an anti-reflective coating with a transmittance of not less than 94%, and is provided with a self-cleaning texture with a depth of 5 to 15 microns; the rainwater collection function is achieved through a multi-stage diversion trough set on the roof of the carport. The cross-section of the diversion trough is trapezoidal, with an upper bottom width of 8 to 12 cm, a lower bottom width of 15 to 20 cm, a depth of 5 to 10 cm, and an inclination angle controlled between 8° and 15°. The collected rainwater undergoes three-stage treatment in sequence: primary sedimentation filtration, fine sand filtration, and activated carbon adsorption filtration, so that it can be used for green irrigation around the carport and vehicle pre-cleaning; the distributed architecture of the micro-inverter adopts modular inverter units, each of which has a rated output power of 1.5 to 3 kilowatts, an input voltage range of 200 to 500 volts DC, and an output voltage of 220 volts AC. The inverter units communicate with each other through the RS485 bus.

3. The photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bidirectional DC-DC converter combination topology adopts a three-port LLC resonant structure, consisting of two parallel LLC resonant units and a shared high-frequency transformer. The resonant inductance Lr value of each LLC resonant unit ranges from 200 to 300 microhenries, and the resonant capacitance Cr ranges from 10 to 20 nanofarads. The overall operation range is 50 to 200 kilohertz switching frequency to achieve high-efficiency bidirectional energy transmission. The high-frequency transformer is made of nanocrystalline alloy material, wherein: the primary winding adopts multi-strand parallel wound Litz wire, the single strand wire diameter is 0.2 to 0.3 mm, and the total number of strands is 50 to 100; the secondary winding adopts a flat copper strip structure with a thickness of 0.1 to 0.2 mm and a width of 5 to 10 mm.

4. The photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carport roof of the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module adopts a double-layer structure design, with the upper layer being the photovoltaic array installation layer and the lower layer being the thermal insulation layer. An air layer with a ventilation resistance coefficient of ≤0.3 is provided between the two layers; the photovoltaic array installation layer is equipped with an adjustable tilt angle bracket with a tilt angle range of 0° to 45°, which can be adjusted once a quarter according to local latitude and seasonal changes to optimize the sunlight incident angle; the thermal insulation layer is made of aerogel felt material with a thermal conductivity of ≤0.02W / m·℃, a thickness of ≥50 mm, and Class A fire resistance to ensure the thermal insulation effect and safety of the carport roof.

5. A method for using a photovoltaic carport integrated device, based on the photovoltaic carport integrated device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The steps include: Obtain the current operating status of the photovoltaic carport integrated device, including the initial power generation of the photovoltaic array, the state of charge of the energy storage battery, the environmental meteorological parameters and the geographical location information of the device; Determining the photovoltaic power generation optimization target for the current period based on the environmental meteorological parameters, the device's geographic location information, and historical operating data, and generating optimal operating benchmark parameters for the intelligent photovoltaic power generation module in combination with the photovoltaic array's initial power generation power and real-time meteorological data; Controlling the predictive energy management module to formulate a comprehensive energy management strategy based on the optimal operating benchmark parameters, integrating electricity price information and user charging behavior data; Whenever a charging demand or energy storage state change is detected, the current energy state is marked as a target scheduling state, and the energy allocation strategy of the power conversion module is configured based on the photovoltaic power generation power, energy storage battery charge state and charging load demand of the target scheduling state; According to the energy distribution strategy and using a bidirectional DC-DC converter topology, efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control are performed between the three ports of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load; During the intelligent power conversion process, the intelligent energy storage management module collects the temperature, voltage and current data of the energy storage battery in real time, and the intelligent charging service module collects the real-time power data of the charging process. The energy storage status data and the charging power data are combined to identify whether the current energy conversion meets the preset efficiency standard; If the energy conversion does not reach a preset efficiency standard, predictive balancing control and active thermal management are performed by the intelligent energy storage management module until the efficiency standard is reached; If the energy conversion has reached the preset efficiency standard, the current operating state is maintained, and the predictive energy management module is controlled to continue to perform energy optimization scheduling for the next period according to the comprehensive energy management strategy, while coordinating rainwater collection and processing and energy-saving and heat insulation functions to maximize the comprehensive benefits.

6. The method for using the photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps of obtaining the current operating status of the photovoltaic carport integrated device include: real-time monitoring of the output voltage, current and power parameters of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array to construct a multi-dimensional data matrix of the initial power generation power of the photovoltaic array; synchronously collecting the voltage, current, temperature and internal resistance information of each battery cell in the energy storage system, and then accurately calculating the charge state of the energy storage battery; at the same time, obtaining the current environmental meteorological parameters and geographical location information, and finally forming a complete operating status database covering power generation, energy storage and environmental conditions.

7. The method for using the photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of configuring the energy distribution strategy of the power conversion module includes: Construct a three-port power balance equation to ensure a dynamic balance between photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery power, and charging load power; Differentiated power allocation weight coefficients are formulated based on different target scheduling states. In the charging priority state, the power allocation ratio of the charging port is increased, and in the energy storage priority state, the charging power of the energy storage port is increased. Under the power capacity constraint, solve the optimal power allocation scheme; Establish the efficiency characteristic curve of the power converter and select the corresponding highest efficiency operating point according to the power level; Dynamically adjust the power allocation ratio of each port based on real-time load changes and system efficiency requirements; A power allocation strategy database is constructed, which includes the optimal allocation coefficient, efficiency threshold and safety margin parameters under different working conditions to ensure the efficiency and reliability of the energy allocation strategy.

8. The method for using the photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: According to the energy distribution strategy and using a bidirectional DC-DC converter topology, efficient bidirectional power conversion and intelligent flow control are performed between the three ports of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery and charging load, including the following steps: Based on the current energy allocation strategy, the operating mode of the three-port bidirectional DC-DC converter is determined, the voltage level matching parameters of the photovoltaic terminal, energy storage terminal, and load terminal are configured, the operating state of the power switching device of each port is initialized, the electrical connection topology between the three ports is established, and a unified voltage reference value is set; Based on the real-time collected photovoltaic power generation, energy storage battery charge state and charging load energy demand, the system dynamically calculates the power balance relationship between each port, determines the dominant energy flow pattern at the current moment, and generates the corresponding switching device control sequence accordingly; On the photovoltaic side, dynamic power regulation is implemented through the maximum power point tracking control strategy, and the incremental conductance method is used to adjust the duty cycle of the photovoltaic-side DC-DC converter in real time. On the energy storage side, constant current and constant voltage charge and discharge control is implemented to ensure that the voltage of each port operates stably within the preset range. A multi-loop control strategy is used to coordinate the control of the three-port converter: the outer loop performs power control to ensure the implementation of the energy distribution strategy, and the inner loop performs current control to ensure the safe operation of the switching devices. Pulse width modulation is used to achieve high-frequency precise control and dynamic power regulation. The converter's boost / buck operating mode is switched according to the real-time changes in energy flow, and with the help of an intelligent switch matrix control strategy, a smooth transition of the energy storage battery's charge and discharge states is achieved.

9. The method for using the photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intelligent charging service module is used to collect real-time power data of the charging process, and the energy storage status data and the charging power data are combined to identify whether the current energy conversion meets the preset efficiency standard, including the following steps: Based on the collected charging power data and energy storage status data, the system calculates the direct transmission efficiency from photovoltaic power generation to charging loads, the energy storage battery charge and discharge cycle efficiency, and the overall energy conversion efficiency, and outputs a stable efficiency evaluation value. Compare and analyze the calculated real-time efficiency value with the preset multi-level efficiency standards to identify the compliance status of each energy flow link and the degree of efficiency deviation; Identify the main sources of loss in the current energy conversion process and quantify the contribution of each loss factor to the overall efficiency; Dynamically adjust the efficiency judgment threshold based on factors such as ambient temperature, light intensity, load type, and equipment aging; Based on multi-dimensional efficiency data and dynamic judgment thresholds, fuzzy logic reasoning is used to determine whether the current energy conversion efficiency meets the standards, and a comprehensive evaluation report is generated that includes efficiency level, deviation range and optimization suggestions.

10. The method for using the photovoltaic carport integrated device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The step of performing predictive balancing control includes: By monitoring the voltage, internal resistance and capacity differences of each battery cell, the battery cells that need to be balanced are identified; Design an active balancing topology to achieve energy transfer between batteries using flying capacitors or transformer isolation; Predict future trends in battery inconsistency based on battery charge and discharge history data and aging characteristics; Formulate the optimal balancing strategy to minimize power loss during the balancing process while ensuring the balancing effect; A hierarchical balancing control architecture is constructed, first implementing inter-module balancing, then performing intra-module balancing, to improve the efficiency and response speed of balancing control; Evaluate the balancing control effect by calculating the voltage consistency coefficient and capacity consistency coefficient of the battery pack; Based on the feedback of the balancing effect, the balancing current and balancing time are automatically adjusted to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of predictive balancing control.

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