Multi-stage self-resetting shelter structure for island underground defense fortification

Abstract

The invention relates to a multistage self-resetting shelter structure for island underground defense fortifications, which comprises a shelter body at least comprising an inner bearing layer and an outer bearing layer made of compression-resistant materials; the SMA module comprises a shape memory alloy layer, is arranged between the inner bearing layer and the outer bearing layer and is suitable for performing first-stage self-resetting phase change recovery on the blindage structure; the hydraulic compensation module comprises a hydraulic compensation layer, is arranged outside the inner bearing layer and is suitable for hydraulic recovery of secondary self-resetting of the blindage structure; and the pressure sensing system is mounted on the shelter structure and is suitable for monitoring the pressure of impact damage to the shelter structure in real time and independently or jointly starting the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module to perform primary self-resetting and / or secondary self-resetting based on the pressure. According to the invention, a mode of combining primary self-resetting and secondary self-resetting is adopted, so that a multi-level guarantee system is formed, various changes in the complex environment can be adapted, the stability and functionality of the structure are kept in the long-term use process, and lasting protection is provided for defense fortifications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of national defense engineering technology, in particular to island and reef defense fortification construction technology, and specifically to a multi-stage self-resetting bunker structure for island and reef underground defense fortifications. Background Art

[0002] In today's complex international landscape, the construction of defensive fortifications on islands and reefs, as strategically important geographical units, is crucial. Often located in a marine environment, islands and reefs face unique challenges, such as wind erosion, wave impacts, frequent geological activity, and the potential for military attack.

[0003] Traditional underground defense bunkers on islands and reefs are mostly constructed with rigid materials. While these structures offer a certain degree of pressure resistance and protection, they are susceptible to irreversible deformation and damage when subjected to significant impact forces, such as explosions and violent collisions. Once damaged, the bunker's protective performance is significantly reduced, making it difficult to effectively protect the personnel and equipment within. Repairs are often difficult and require significant time, manpower, and material resources.

[0004] With advances in materials science and engineering, new protective materials and structural forms are increasingly being used in defense fortifications. For example, shape memory alloys (SMAs), due to their unique shape memory effect and superelasticity, can return to their original shape after being deformed by force, providing a way for self-resetting structures. However, using SMAs alone may not meet complex defense requirements in certain extreme situations.

[0005] Hydraulic compensation technology has also been widely used in engineering, using the pressure generated by hydraulic systems to adjust and compensate for structural deformation, improving structural stability and adaptability. However, in the specific environment of underground fortifications on islands and reefs, there is currently a lack of mature technical solutions for effectively combining SMA technology with hydraulic compensation technology to achieve multi-level self-reset functionality to cope with impacts of varying intensities.

[0006] Therefore, developing a shelter structure that can adapt to the complex environment of islands and reefs, has multi-level self-reset capabilities, and can effectively respond to various impacts is of great practical significance for improving the survivability and protective performance of underground fortifications on islands and reefs. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-level self-resetting shelter structure for underground fortifications on islands and reefs, so as to solve the problem of irreversible damage to traditional fortifications after impact.

[0008] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0009] The application provides a multi-stage self-resetting shelter structure for island underground defense works, comprising:

[0010] a shelter body, at least comprising two layers of load-bearing layers made of compression-resistant materials;

[0011] an SMA module, comprising a shape memory alloy layer, which is arranged between the two layers of load-bearing layers, and is adapted to perform a first-stage self-resetting phase change recovery of the shelter structure;

[0012] a hydraulic compensation module, comprising a hydraulic compensation layer, which is arranged outside the inner load-bearing layer, and is adapted to perform a second-stage self-resetting hydraulic recovery of the shelter structure;

[0013] a pressure sensing system, which is installed on the shelter structure and is associated with the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module, is adapted to monitor the pressure of the shelter structure suffering from impact damage in real time, and to individually or jointly start the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module to perform the first-stage self-resetting and / or the second-stage self-resetting based on the pressure.

[0014] In some embodiments, the shape memory alloy layer comprises:

[0015] a shape memory alloy framework, comprising a first honeycomb grid made of a high-temperature phase change material;

[0016] an electric heating device, which is circumferentially laid on at least one side of the shape memory alloy framework, and is adapted to heat the shape memory alloy framework when the SMA module is started.

[0017] In some embodiments, the shape memory alloy layer further comprises:

[0018] two shape memory alloy plates made of a low-temperature phase change material, which are oppositely arranged on both sides of the shape memory alloy framework, and are respectively tightly connected with the two layers of load-bearing layers.

[0019] In some embodiments, the shape memory alloy framework further comprises a second honeycomb grid made of a low-temperature phase change material, which is bonded to the first honeycomb grid along the side close to the outer load-bearing layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the hydraulic compensation layer comprises:

[0021] a pressure bearing plate, which is arranged on the side of the inner load-bearing layer away from the outer load-bearing layer;

[0022] a plurality of hydraulic devices, which are uniformly distributed on the pressure bearing plate, and have fixed ends connected with the pressure bearing plate and telescopic ends arranged opposite to the inner load-bearing layer, and are adapted to extend and abut to the inner load-bearing layer when the hydraulic compensation module is started.

[0023] In some embodiments, each of the hydraulic devices comprises:

[0024] a main hydraulic cylinder installed at a central position of the hydraulic device;

[0025] a plurality of secondary hydraulic cylinders arranged circumferentially at an outer periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder.

[0026] In some embodiments, the hydraulic compensation layer further comprises a plurality of hydraulic protection compensators arranged one-to-one with the plurality of hydraulic devices, one end of each of the plurality of hydraulic protection compensators being connected to the pressure bearing plate, the other end being in elastic abutment with the inner layer bearing layer, adapted to accommodate the hydraulic device, and the height of the hydraulic protection compensator after elastic compression being higher than that of the hydraulic device.

[0027] In some embodiments, the hydraulic compensation layer further comprises a plurality of elastic connectors uniformly distributed on the pressure bearing plate, one end of each of the plurality of elastic connectors being connected to the pressure bearing plate, the other end being in elastic abutment with the inner layer bearing layer, and the height of the elastic connector after elastic compression being higher than that of the hydraulic device.

[0028] In some embodiments, each of the hydraulic protection compensators is made of a high-elasticity material.

[0029] In some embodiments, the hydraulic protection compensator has an open cavity in the middle, adapted to accommodate the hydraulic device; and / or, one end of the hydraulic protection compensator is connected to the pressure bearing plate through a damping rod, and the other end is in close contact with the inner layer bearing layer.

[0030] In some embodiments, each of the elastic connectors comprises:

[0031] a support seat comprising a support spring and two support plates, the support spring being arranged vertically, and the two support plates being fixedly arranged at both ends of the support spring, and at least one of the support plates being fixedly connected to the pressure bearing plate;

[0032] a support device comprising a support claw, the end of the support claw being fixedly connected to the other support plate, and the front end being in close contact with the inner layer bearing layer.

[0033] In some embodiments, the pressure sensing system comprises a piezoresistive pressure sensor installed on the outer layer bearing layer, adapted to monitor the pressure value borne by the shelter structure in real time, and determine the trigger condition based on the preset pressure values V1 and V2, and control the corresponding module to start the first self-resetting and / or second self-resetting.

[0034] In some embodiments, the trigger condition comprises a first trigger condition, a second trigger condition and a third trigger condition.

[0035] If the monitoring pressure value < V1, a first level trigger condition is triggered, suitable for starting the SMA module alone for first level self-reset;

[0036] If V1 < monitoring pressure value < V2, a second level trigger condition is triggered, suitable for starting the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module simultaneously for first level + second level self-reset;

[0037] If the monitoring pressure value > V2, a third level trigger condition is triggered, suitable for starting the hydraulic compensation module alone for second level self-reset.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present application relative to the prior art are: the present application realizes intelligent hierarchical repair of deformation damage through the dual cascade mechanism of "SMA material phase change driving + hydraulic compensation auxiliary", and these technical breakthroughs enable the island defense fortification to still complete the overall self-repair of the structure quickly after suffering an explosion impact, significantly improving the rapid re-defense capability in the battlefield environment.

[0039] The present application constructs a multi-level self-reset system of "SMA module phase change recovery + hydraulic compensation module hydraulic recovery". Through the accurate perception of impact pressure by the pressure sensing system, the first or second level self-reset is flexibly started according to different pressure ranges, and even in extreme cases, the starting strategy is reasonably adjusted, such as starting the hydraulic compensation module first when the third level trigger condition is triggered, realizing intelligent hierarchical response to various intensity impacts, and greatly improving the adaptability and survivability of the shelter structure in the complex environment of the island.

[0040] In the SMA module of the present application, the shape memory alloy layer comprises a first honeycomb grid skeleton made of high-temperature phase change material and a circumferentially laid electric heating device, which can quickly respond to heating to realize phase change recovery.

[0041] In the SMA module of the present application, the shape memory alloy plates made of low-temperature phase change material are arranged oppositely on both sides and are tightly connected with the inner and outer bearing layers, further enhancing the overall stability and self-resetting capability of the structure.

[0042] In the SMA module of the present application, the shape memory alloy skeleton is also provided with a second honeycomb grid made of low-temperature phase change material, which is bonded to the first honeycomb grid along the side close to the outer bearing layer, and this multi-layer structure design fully utilizes the characteristics of different materials, improving the performance of the SMA module under different temperature and stress conditions.

[0043] In the hydraulic compensation module of the present application, the pressure bearing plate of the hydraulic compensation layer is uniformly distributed with multiple hydraulic devices, and each hydraulic device comprises a main hydraulic cylinder and multiple secondary hydraulic cylinders arranged circumferentially, and this layout can apply uniform hydraulic force to the inner bearing layer from multiple directions when starting the second level self-reset, realizing the recovery of collapse at various angles.

[0044] The hydraulic compensation module of the present application, a plurality of hydraulic protection compensators can provide partial support force and ensure that the hydraulic device is not damaged when the hydraulic compensation layer is slightly extruded.

[0045] The elastic connector of the hydraulic compensation module of the present application not only provides elastic buffering to protect the hydraulic device from damage before the hydraulic device works, but also cooperates during the hydraulic compensation process to improve the effect and stability of the hydraulic compensation.

[0046] It should be understood that the content described in the summary section is not intended to limit the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become apparent from the following description. In addition, the implementation of any embodiment of the present application does not mean that multiple or all of the above beneficial effects are simultaneously or achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other implementation drawings from the provided drawings without creative labor.

[0048] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and do not define the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present application, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0049] Figure 1 Whole schematic diagram of the multi-stage self-resetting shelter structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 Partial schematic diagram of the multi-stage self-resetting shelter structure of some embodiments of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the shape memory alloy layer of some embodiments of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic compensation layer of some embodiments of the present application;

[0053] Figure 5 Split schematic diagram of the hydraulic device of some embodiments of the present application;

[0054] Figure 6The hydraulic device and the hydraulic protection compensator installation schematic diagram for some embodiments of the present application;

[0055] Figure 7 The elastic connector schematic diagram for some embodiments of the present application.

[0056] Markings in the figure:

[0057] 100 - shelter body;

[0058] 1 - outer rock layer of the shelter;

[0059] 2 - outer bearing layer;

[0060] 3 - inner bearing layer;

[0061] 4 - shape memory alloy layer; 401 - shape memory alloy framework; 4011 - first honeycomb grid; 4012 - second honeycomb grid; 402 - electric heating device; 403 - shape memory alloy plate;

[0062] 5 - hydraulic compensation layer; 501 - pressure bearing plate; 502 - hydraulic device; 5021 - main hydraulic cylinder; 5022 - secondary hydraulic cylinder; 5023 - rubber end; 5024 - annular oil distributor; 5025 - conical flow divider valve; 503 - hydraulic protection compensator; 5031 - open cavity; 504 - elastic connector; 5041 - supporting spring; 5042 - supporting plate; 5043 - supporting claw;

[0063] 6 - inner lining layer;

[0064] 7 - piezoresistive pressure sensor;

[0065] 8 - damping rod;

[0066] 9 - stiffened plate.

[0067] The same or corresponding markings in the figure represent the same or corresponding parts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear and obvious, the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below in combination with the embodiments and the drawings. Herein, the schematic embodiments of the present application and the descriptions thereof are used to explain the present application, but not as the limitation of the present application.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0070] It should be understood that the terms "comprises / comprising," "consisting of," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also, if necessary, other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method. In the absence of further limitations, elements defined by the phrases "comprises / comprising," "consisting of," do not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes the elements.

[0071] It should also be understood that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component or structure referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed or operate in a specific direction, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0072] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0073] The implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with preferred embodiments.

[0074] The present invention proposes a multi-stage self-resetting shelter structure for underground defense fortifications on islands and reefs. The structure includes a shelter body 100, an SMA module, a hydraulic compensation module, and a pressure sensing system. It aims to provide efficient and stable defense capabilities, while having a self-resetting function to cope with various complex working conditions.

[0075] See also Figure 1The shelter body 100 adopts an arch-shaped structure design, which can effectively disperse and bear the pressure from above, and make the best use of the internal space to provide sufficient space for personnel activities.

[0076] The outermost layer of the shelter body 100 is a shelter outer rock layer 1 formed by excavating a natural rock mass. The natural rock mass has natural strength and stability, and can well disperse the static load of the overlying soil or mountain, thereby providing foundation support for the entire shelter structure. Inside the rock mass, the shelter body 100 is provided with two layers of load-bearing layers composed of compression-resistant materials, namely an outer load-bearing layer 2 and an inner load-bearing layer 3.

[0077] In some embodiments, both of the two load-bearing layers are made of concrete material.

[0078] Referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the SMA module includes a shape memory alloy layer 4 arranged between the outer load-bearing layer 2 and the inner load-bearing layer 3. The shape memory alloy layer 4 can be restored by phase change after the shelter structure is impacted. The hydraulic compensation module includes a hydraulic compensation layer 5 arranged outside the inner load-bearing layer 3 along a side away from the shape memory alloy layer 4, i.e. the inner side of the inner load-bearing layer 3. The hydraulic compensation layer 5 can be restored by hydraulic pressure after the shelter structure is impacted.

[0079] The pressure sensing system is installed on the shelter structure and associated with (signal connection or electrical connection) the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module, and is suitable for monitoring the pressure of the shelter structure subjected to impact damage in real time, and starting the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module for primary self-resetting and / or secondary self-resetting based on the pressure.

[0080] It is easy to understand that the primary self-resetting herein refers to the phase change recovery of the shape memory alloy layer 4 to the shelter structure, and the secondary self-resetting refers to the hydraulic recovery of the hydraulic compensation layer 5 to the shelter structure.

[0081] In the present application, how the pressure sensing system sends control instructions and how the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module receive the control instructions are not the focus of the present patent, and the person skilled in the art can basically achieve them by using the prior art, so the present application will not be described in detail.

[0082] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 1 to 3The shape memory alloy layer 4 comprises a shape memory alloy skeleton 401 and an electric heating device 402. The shape memory alloy skeleton 401 comprises a first honeycomb grid 4011. The hexagonal cells of this honeycomb grid are capable of elastically deforming when subjected to an impact load, absorbing and dissipating a significant amount of impact energy. Each honeycomb cell acts like a small buffer, slowing the impact force through its own deformation, thereby protecting the entire shape memory alloy skeleton and its connected components from damage.

[0083] The first honeycomb grid 4011 is made of a high-temperature phase-change material. This material has excellent physical properties. At room temperature, it can maintain a stable shape, providing the necessary support and strength for the entire structure. However, when heated, the material's internal microstructure undergoes significant changes, enabling the first honeycomb grid 4011 to quickly return to its preset shape.

[0084] In this embodiment, the first honeycomb grid 4011 is made of a high-temperature phase-transformed NiTiCu alloy.

[0085] The electric heating device 402 is laid in an annular direction on the bottom of the first honeycomb grid 4011 and is suitable for heating the first honeycomb grid 4011 comprehensively and evenly when the SMA module is started.

[0086] In some embodiments, the electric heating device 402 typically uses an efficient and stable heating element, such as a thermocouple tube, which can convert electrical energy into thermal energy in a short period of time and quickly transfer it to the first honeycomb grid 4011, triggering its shape memory effect and causing it to quickly return to a predetermined shape.

[0087] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3 The shape memory alloy layer 4 also includes two shape memory alloy plates 403. These plates are positioned opposite each other on the inner and outer sides of the shape memory alloy skeleton 401. One of these plates is tightly connected to the outer bearing layer 2, while the other is tightly connected to the inner bearing layer 3. These plates 403 secure the entire shape memory alloy layer and, by embedding the shape memory alloy layer 4 within the concrete, provide overall restorative force to the structure.

[0088] The two shape memory alloy plates 403 are made of a low-temperature phase-change material. Heat loss is inevitable during the process of heat transfer from the heating device to the shape memory alloy plates 403. The use of a low-temperature phase-change material in the shape memory alloy plates 403 allows the corresponding recovery deformation mechanism to be automatically triggered based on the temperature after heat loss (which is lower than the temperature transferred to the first honeycomb grid 4011).

[0089] In this embodiment, the shape memory alloy plate 403 is made of a low temperature phase transformation Cu-Al-Mn alloy.

[0090] In some embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3 The shape memory alloy layer 4 further includes a second honeycomb grid 4012. The second honeycomb grid 4012 is bonded to the first honeycomb grid 4011 along a side close to the outer bearing layer 2.

[0091] The second honeycomb grid 4012 is made of a low-temperature phase change material, and its selection principle is the same as that of the shape memory alloy plate 403, which will not be repeated here.

[0092] In this embodiment, the second honeycomb grid 4012 is made of a low temperature phase-transformed Cu-Al-Mn alloy.

[0093] In the present invention, the shape memory alloy skeleton 401 is composed of an outer layer of low-temperature phase-change Cu-Al-Mn alloy (the second honeycomb grid 4012) and an inner layer of high-temperature phase-change NiTiCu alloy (the first honeycomb grid 4011), which are compositely woven into a honeycomb grid skeleton. A thermocouple is buried at the bottom of the first honeycomb grid 4011, and the shape memory alloy is activated by releasing Joule heat. The high-temperature phase-change NiTiCu alloy located on the inner side is activated first, providing a macroscopic reset force as the main skeleton of the structure. The low-temperature phase-change Cu-Al-Mn alloy located on the outer side is activated after the temperature is transferred to provide compensation for local stress.

[0094] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The hydraulic compensation layer 5 includes a pressure plate 501 and multiple hydraulic actuators 502. The pressure plate 501 is located on the side of the inner pressure-bearing layer 3 away from the outer pressure-bearing layer 2, that is, on the inner side of the inner pressure-bearing layer 3. The pressure plate 501 serves as the mounting base and support for the hydraulic actuators 502.

[0095] Multiple hydraulic actuators 502 are evenly distributed on the pressure plate 501, for example, in three rows. Each hydraulic actuator 502 has a fixed end and a telescopic end. The fixed ends of the hydraulic actuators 502 are firmly connected to the pressure plate 501, while the telescopic ends face the inner load-bearing layer 3. When the hydraulic compensation module is activated, the telescopic ends of the hydraulic actuators 502 quickly extend and tightly abut the surface of the inner load-bearing layer 3.

[0096] In the present invention, when the shelter structure is subjected to temporary external forces, such as blasts, earthquakes, and other dynamic loads, it will experience instantaneous deformation. Hydraulic actuator 502 can quickly respond, adjusting the hydraulic force in real time to reduce the dynamic deformation of the structure and help the structure quickly return to a stable state after the external force disappears.

[0097] See also Figure 5 、 Figure 6 Each hydraulic device 502 includes a main hydraulic cylinder 5021 and multiple secondary hydraulic cylinders 5022. The main hydraulic cylinder 5021 is installed at the center of the hydraulic device 502, and the multiple secondary hydraulic cylinders 5022 are arranged in a ring around the outer periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder 5021.

[0098] In the present application, the main hydraulic cylinder 5021 is located at the center and serves as the core support component of the hydraulic device 502, which can provide a relatively concentrated and powerful support force. The multiple secondary hydraulic cylinders 5022 arranged in a ring around the outer periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder 5021 can provide auxiliary support from different directions to achieve the recovery of collapse at various angles. This combination of primary and secondary cylinders enables the hydraulic device 502 to provide sufficient and balanced support in all directions, effectively enhancing the support capability of the hydraulic device 502 for the overall shelter structure and ensuring the stability of the shelter when subjected to large external forces.

[0099] In some embodiments, each hydraulic device 502 further includes a rubber end 5023 arranged on the top of the piston of the main hydraulic cylinder 5021 and the secondary hydraulic cylinders 5022. The rubber end 5023 can effectively prevent the piston of the hydraulic device 502 from sliding and shifting after extending to abut the inner load-bearing layer 3, ensuring that the hydraulic device 502 can stably apply force and guarantee the accurate execution of the hydraulic compensation function.

[0100] In some embodiments, each hydraulic device 502 further includes an annular oil distributor 5024 and a conical flow valve 5025. The annular oil distributor 5024 is arranged horizontally at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder in a ring structure, and the conical flow valve 5025 is arranged inside the annular oil distributor 5024 to control the adjustment of individual secondary hydraulic cylinders according to the collapse orientation.

[0101] More specifically, after the hydraulic oil enters the annular oil distributor 5024 from the oil supply pipeline, the annular oil distributor 5024 will reasonably distribute the hydraulic oil to different oil passage channels according to the preset distribution rules. Subsequently, the hydraulic oil flows into the conical flow valve 5025, which further finely adjusts the flow of the hydraulic oil to ensure that the hydraulic oil can be accurately delivered to the main hydraulic cylinder 5021 and each secondary hydraulic cylinder 5022 according to the design requirements, thereby achieving the stable and precise hydraulic compensation function of the hydraulic device 502 for the shelter structure.

[0102] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 5 , Figure 6The bottom of each hydraulic device 502 is provided with a plurality of stiffening plates 9. The plurality of stiffening plates 9 are uniformly arranged on the outer periphery of the hydraulic device 502, and are fixedly connected to the pressure bearing plate 501 on at least one side and to the hydraulic device 502 on at least one side. The stiffening plates 9 significantly enhance the local strength of the bottom of the hydraulic device 502, effectively preventing displacement or tilting of the hydraulic device 502 during operation.

[0103] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figures 4 to 6 , the hydraulic compensation layer 5 further comprises a plurality of hydraulic protection compensators 503. The plurality of hydraulic protection compensators 503 are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of hydraulic devices 502, and are adapted to accommodate and protect the hydraulic devices.

[0104] One end of the plurality of hydraulic protection compensators 503 is connected to the pressure bearing plate 501, and the other end is in elastic abutment with the inner bearing layer 3. The hydraulic protection compensator 503 can provide partial support force when the hydraulic layer is slightly extruded and ensure that the hydraulic device is not damaged.

[0105] In the present application, the height of the hydraulic protection compensator 503 after elastic compression is higher than the overall height of the hydraulic device 502. In this way, the hydraulic protection compensator 503 will be in contact with the object exerting the external force first and will be elastically deformed. In this way, the external force first acts on the hydraulic protection compensator 503, rather than being directly applied to the hydraulic device 502, thereby providing effective buffer protection for the hydraulic device 502 and avoiding damage to the hydraulic device 502 due to sudden external force impact.

[0106] In the present application, the hydraulic protection compensator 503 is made of a high-elasticity material. For example, natural rubber, silicone rubber or thermoplastic elastomer.

[0107] In the present application, an open cavity 5031 is formed in the middle of the hydraulic protection compensator 503, adapted to accommodate the hydraulic device 502.

[0108] In the present application, one end of the hydraulic protection compensator 503 is connected to the pressure bearing plate 501 through a damping rod 8, and the other end is in close contact with the inner bearing layer 3.

[0109] It is easy to understand that the damping rod 8 is a conventional sleeve rod structure in the prior art, and its specific structure and working principle belong to the well-known technology known to those skilled in the art. The damping rod 8 is usually composed of an inner rod and an outer sleeve. The inner rod can perform telescopic movement relative to the outer sleeve, and can provide a certain damping force during movement to play the roles of buffering, shock absorption or limiting movement speed, etc.

[0110] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to Figures 4 to 7The hydraulic compensation layer 5 further comprises a plurality of elastic connectors 504. The plurality of elastic connectors 504 are uniformly distributed on the pressure bearing plate 501, for example, arranged at the center of the hydraulic device 502 in a rectangular distribution. One end of the plurality of elastic connectors 504 is connected with the pressure bearing plate 501, and the other end is in elastic abutment with the inner bearing layer 3, and the height of the elastic connector 504 after elastic compression is higher than the overall height of the hydraulic device 502.

[0111] In the present application, when the hydraulic compensation layer 5 encounters external pressure or impact, due to the higher height of the elastic connector 504 after elastic compression, it will preferentially contact the external force and elastically deform. In this way, the external force first acts on the elastic connector 504, rather than being directly applied to the hydraulic device. The elastic connector 504 absorbs and disperses most of the impact energy through its own elastic deformation, providing reliable protection for the hydraulic device, avoiding damage to the hydraulic device 502 due to sudden strong impact, and prolonging the service life of the hydraulic device 502.

[0112] Continuing to refer to Figure 7 Each elastic connector 504 comprises a support seat and a support device. The support seat comprises a support spring 5041 and two support plates 5042, the support spring 5041 is vertically arranged, the two support plates 5042 are fixedly arranged at both ends of the support spring 5041, and the lower one is fixedly connected with the pressure bearing plate 501. The support device comprises a support claw 5043, the tail end of the support claw 5043 is fixedly connected with the other support plate 5042 located above, and the front end is in close contact with the inner bearing layer 3.

[0113] In some embodiments, continuing to refer to 2, the pressure sensing system comprises a piezoresistive pressure sensor 7. The piezoresistive pressure sensor 7 is installed on the outer bearing layer 2, is adapted to monitor the pressure value borne by the shelter structure in real time, and determines the trigger condition based on the preset pressure values V1 and V2, and controls the corresponding modules (SMA module and hydraulic compensation module) to start one-stage self-resetting and / or two-stage self-resetting.

[0114] It is easy to understand that V1 and V2 are threshold values scientifically determined according to the design strength of different shelter structures, use environment and other factors, which can accurately distinguish different levels of pressure threats and ensure that the system starts the corresponding reset mechanism at the right time.

[0115] In the present application, the trigger condition comprises a one-stage trigger condition, a two-stage trigger condition and a three-stage trigger condition;

[0116] If the monitored pressure value is less than V1, the one-stage trigger condition is triggered, and the SMA module is started for one-stage self-resetting;

[0117] If V1 < monitoring pressure value < V2, the secondary trigger condition is triggered, which is suitable for starting the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module at the same time to perform primary + secondary self-reset;

[0118] If the monitored pressure value is greater than V2, the third-level trigger condition is triggered, which is suitable for starting the hydraulic compensation module alone to perform a second-level self-reset.

[0119] In more detail, the piezoresistive pressure sensor monitors the degree of damage in real time, collects damage information, and reflects the pressure value in real time through the change of the resistance in the piezoresistive pressure sensor 7, thereby outputting an electrical signal to the SMA module and the hydraulic module. When the pressure value is detected to meet the first-level trigger condition less than V1, the SMA module is started separately to perform the first-level self-reset. Specifically, the electric heating wire releases Joule heat, and the inner layer of the high-temperature phase-transformed NiTiCu alloy and the outer layer of the Cu-Al-Mn alloy are quickly restored under the influence of heat; when the pressure value is detected to meet the second-level trigger condition greater than V1 and less than V2, the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module are simultaneously started to perform the first-level + second-level self-reset. When the pressure value is detected to meet the third-level trigger condition greater than V2, the hydraulic compensation module is started and the SMA module is locked for the second-level self-reset, so that the heating system enters the delay module to ensure that the hydraulic compensation responds first (when the pressure value is greater than V2, the structure is damaged too much, the recovery of the SMA module is hindered, and the energy required for recovery is too large). When the damage caused by the large impact is restored, that is, the pressure value recovers to the second-level trigger condition greater than V1 and less than V2, the SMA module is unlocked. At this time, the hydraulic system and SMA work at the same time to restore the overall skeleton structure of the structure; when the pressure value is less than V1, the hydraulic compensation module stops working, and the SMA module continues to work to restore the structure to its original appearance.

[0120] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 The multi-stage self-resetting shelter structure also includes an inner lining layer 6, located on the innermost side of the shelter structure. This layer fills small gaps and holes within the shelter structure, improving the overall sealing performance of the shelter. The inner lining layer 6 is known in the art, and its specific operating principles, detailed design parameters, and further application details are not discussed in detail here.

[0121] This invention builds a multi-stage self-reset system combining phase-change recovery with hydraulic recovery via the SMA module and hydraulic recovery via the hydraulic compensation module. This system precisely senses impact pressure through a pressure sensing system, flexibly initiating either the first or second stage of self-reset based on varying pressure ranges. It even rationally adjusts the activation strategy in extreme situations, such as prioritizing the hydraulic compensation module when a third-stage trigger condition occurs. This enables intelligent, graded response to impacts of varying intensities, significantly enhancing the shelter's adaptability and survivability in the complex environments of islands and reefs.

[0122] It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that, under the premise of no conflict, the above preferred solutions can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0123] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-level self-resetting bunker structure for underground fortifications on islands and reefs, characterized in that: include: The shelter body comprises at least two inner and outer bearing layers made of compression-resistant materials; The SMA module includes a shape memory alloy layer, the shape memory alloy layer is arranged between two inner and outer bearing layers, and the shape memory alloy layer is suitable for performing a first-level self-resetting phase change recovery on the shelter structure; A hydraulic compensation module, comprising a hydraulic compensation layer, the hydraulic compensation layer being arranged outside the inner bearing layer, the hydraulic compensation layer being adapted to perform secondary self-resetting hydraulic recovery on the bunker structure; A pressure sensing system is installed on the bunker structure and is associated with the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module. It is suitable for monitoring the pressure of the bunker structure caused by impact damage in real time, and based on the pressure, the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module are activated individually or jointly to perform primary self-reset and / or secondary self-reset.

2. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy layer comprises: a shape memory alloy skeleton comprising a first honeycomb grid made of a high temperature phase change material; The electric heating device is circumferentially arranged on at least one side of the shape memory alloy skeleton and is suitable for heating the shape memory alloy skeleton when the SMA module is started.

3. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy layer further comprises: Two shape memory alloy plates are made of low-temperature phase change material, are oppositely arranged on both sides of the shape memory alloy skeleton, and are tightly connected to the inner and outer bearing layers respectively.

4. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy skeleton further includes a second honeycomb grid made of a low-temperature phase change material and bonded to the first honeycomb grid along a side close to the outer bearing layer.

5. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic compensation layer comprises: A pressure-bearing plate, arranged on a side of the inner pressure-bearing layer away from the outer pressure-bearing layer; Multiple hydraulic presses are evenly distributed on the pressure plate, the fixed ends of the multiple hydraulic presses are connected to the pressure plate, the telescopic ends are arranged facing the inner bearing layer, and are suitable for extending and abutting the inner bearing layer when the hydraulic compensation module is started.

6. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Each of the hydraulic units comprises: A master hydraulic cylinder is installed at the center of the hydraulic unit; A plurality of secondary hydraulic cylinders are circumferentially arranged on the outer periphery of the main hydraulic cylinder.

7. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hydraulic compensation layer further includes a plurality of hydraulic protection compensators, which are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of hydraulic machines, wherein one end of the plurality of hydraulic protection compensators is connected to the pressure plate and the other end is elastically abutted against the inner bearing layer, and is suitable for accommodating the hydraulic machine, and the height of the hydraulic protection compensators after elastic compression is higher than that of the hydraulic machine; and / or, The hydraulic compensation layer also includes a plurality of elastic connectors, which are evenly distributed on the pressure plate. One end of the plurality of elastic connectors is connected to the pressure plate, and the other end is elastically abutted against the inner bearing layer, and the height of the elastic connector after elastic compression is higher than that of the hydraulic pressure.

8. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each hydraulic protection compensator is made of a high elastic material; and / or, an open cavity is defined in the middle of the hydraulic protection compensator, suitable for accommodating the hydraulic compensator; and / or, one end of the hydraulic protection compensator is connected to the pressure plate via a damping rod, and the other end is in close contact with the inner bearing layer; and / or, Each of the elastic connectors comprises: A support seat, comprising a support spring and two support plates, wherein the support spring is vertically arranged, the two support plates are fixedly arranged at both ends of the support spring in opposite directions, and at least one of the support plates is fixedly connected to the pressure plate; The supporter comprises a supporting claw, the tail end of which is fixedly connected to the other supporting plate, and the front end of which is in close contact with the inner bearing layer.

9. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure sensing system includes a piezoresistive pressure sensor installed on the outer bearing layer, which is suitable for real-time monitoring of the pressure value borne by the bunker structure, and determines the trigger conditions based on preset pressure values ​​V1 and V2, and controls the corresponding modules to start the first-level self-reset and / or second-level self-reset.

10. The multi-level self-resetting shelter structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The trigger conditions include first-level trigger conditions, second-level trigger conditions and third-level trigger conditions; If the monitored pressure value is less than V1, the first-level trigger condition is triggered, which is suitable for starting the SMA module alone to perform a first-level self-reset; If V1 < monitoring pressure value < V2, the secondary trigger condition is triggered, which is suitable for starting the SMA module and the hydraulic compensation module at the same time to perform primary + secondary self-reset; If the monitored pressure value is greater than V2, the third-level trigger condition is triggered, which is suitable for starting the hydraulic compensation module alone to perform a second-level self-reset.

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