Pulse source debugging system and method for large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic pulse simulators, and solves the technical problems of low efficiency, limited debugging precision and high debugging cost when an existing pulse source debugging system and method of an electromagnetic pulse simulator are used for debugging a pulse source of the electromagnetic pulse simulator. The invention discloses a pulse source debugging system and method for a large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator. According to the method, under the condition that only a simple dummy load module is connected, the influence of ground reflection and cone bottom reflection on a radiation electric field waveform index is avoided by reasonably arranging the position of an electric field sensor, and a radiation electric field waveform parameter at the actually measured electric field sensor is directly used as a debugging basis of a pulse source; and dynamically adjusting the state of the to-be-debugged pulse source through the remote control end. Therefore, large-scale antenna erection is avoided, and the requirements on debugging sites and environments are obviously reduced; the limitation of traditional indirect parameter debugging is broken through, and the accuracy of pulse source state parameters is improved; the debugging efficiency is greatly improved, the research and development period is shortened, and the cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an electromagnetic pulse simulator debugging system and method, in particular to a large-scale horizontally polarized radiated wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system and a method for debugging a pulse source by using the large-scale horizontally polarized radiated wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a core device for generating a specific electromagnetic pulse environment, an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) simulator is mainly composed of a high-power pulse power supply and a radiated antenna system, and can be divided into two types of vertical polarization and horizontal polarization according to the polarization mode. Among them, the horizontally polarized radiated wave simulator can more truly simulate the electromagnetic field characteristics in natural lightning and other scenes, and has become an international standard (such as IEC 6100-4-25) for electronic device immunity testing.

[0003] In order to generate a high-field, fast-front radiated environment, a high-power pulse source usually adopts a two-stage compression mode to compress the relatively slow pulse signal generated by the primary pulse source stage by stage, while controlling multiple switches to break down at different times to shape the electric pulse fed into the antenna system. The development of a high-power pulse source is a complex system engineering, and often needs to be repeatedly debugged to obtain the best matching parameters. On the other hand, the horizontally polarized radiated wave simulator needs to be hung in the air when in use, and the cone axis of the biconical antenna must be parallel to the ground, so as to form a radiation field dominated by the horizontal direction electric field component. For a large-scale simulator, the antenna erection system is more complex, and the requirements for the experimental site and environment are higher.

[0004] At present, the debugging method of the horizontally polarized radiated wave simulator generally includes two stages, one is to connect a dummy load to the pulse source, and to adjust the parameters of the pulse source according to the indirect parameters such as the output voltage and current of the pulse source; the other is to connect the pulse source with the actual antenna system (such as a biconical-cage antenna or a biconical-plane grating antenna system), and to measure the radiated electric field in the target area, and to finely adjust according to the radiated electric field data to obtain a radiated environment meeting the index requirements. This debugging method still has the following defects: first, the simulator needs to be erected in the air, which takes a long time to erect and disassemble, resulting in low efficiency; second, it relies on indirect parameters, which cannot truly reflect the characteristics of the radiated electric field, resulting in limited debugging accuracy; third, high-altitude operation increases the consumption of manpower and resources, resulting in high debugging cost. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the technical problems of low efficiency, limited debugging accuracy and high debugging cost of the existing electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system and method when debugging the electromagnetic pulse source, and to provide a large-scale horizontally polarized radiated wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system and method.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The speciality of a large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system lies in comprising: an insulating support, a circuit gas path adjusting system, an electric field sensor and a remote control end.

[0008] The insulating support is provided with a biconical antenna and a pulse source to be debugged; the pulse source to be debugged is connected with the circuit gas path adjusting system, and the circuit gas path adjusting system is connected with the remote control end; the outer cavity of the pulse source to be debugged is grounded, and the output end thereof is electrically connected with the biconical antenna; the biconical antenna is used for converting the electric pulse output by the pulse source to be debugged into a radiation field, which comprises a radiation electric field and a radiation magnetic field perpendicular to each other and in phase.

[0009] The biconical antenna is connected with a dummy load module at the bottom thereof, and the bottom of the biconical antenna is grounded.

[0010] The electric field sensor is connected with the remote control end and is used for monitoring the radiation electric field waveform data of the electric pulse output by the pulse source to be debugged; the remote control end is used for recording and processing the radiation electric field waveform data and generating a debugging instruction.

[0011] The circuit gas path adjusting system is used for debugging the parameters of the pulse source to be debugged according to the debugging instruction.

[0012] Further, an insulating cylinder is sleeved on the middle part of the biconical antenna, and the insulating cylinder is filled with insulating gas, thereby providing an insulating environment for the debugging of the pulse source to be debugged.

[0013] Further, the remote control end comprises a signal processing module, a circuit control module, a gas path control module and an oscilloscope.

[0014] The input end of the oscilloscope is connected with the electric field sensor and is used for collecting, displaying and storing the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor.

[0015] The input end of the signal processing module is electrically connected with the output end of the oscilloscope and is used for analyzing the radiation electric field waveform data and generating a debugging instruction.

[0016] The input ends of the circuit control module and the gas path control module are electrically connected with the output end of the signal processing module and are used for receiving the debugging instruction.

[0017] The output end of the circuit control module is connected with the first input end of the circuit gas path adjusting system, and the circuit control module controls the circuit gas path adjusting system to adjust the voltage parameter of the pulse source to be debugged according to the debugging instruction.

[0018] The output end of the gas path control module is connected with the second input end of the circuit gas path adjusting system, and the gas path control module controls the circuit gas path adjusting system to adjust the gas pressure parameter of the pulse source to be debugged according to the debugging instruction.

[0019] Further, the insulating support is a wooden support.

[0020] The dummy load module comprises N water resistors in parallel.

[0021] Meanwhile, the application also provides a large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method based on the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system, and the speciality thereof lies in comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: determining the arrangement position of the electric field sensor so that the ground reflection and the cone bottom reflection of the biconical antenna can be avoided to influence the radiation electric field waveform index;

[0023] Step 2: according to the design index t w calculating the height H of the insulating support so that the position of the electric field sensor and the optical path difference of the ground can satisfy the constraint condition of not influencing the radiation electric field half-width parameter;

[0024] Step 3: based on the design index t r calculating the structural parameters of the biconical antenna, including the half-cone angle θ, the bottom radius r1 and the impedance Z, so as to satisfy the constraint condition that the cone bottom reflection does not influence the radiation electric field main pulse front and peak value;

[0025] Step 4: selecting the dummy load module with the resistance value matched with the impedance of the biconical antenna;

[0026] Step 5: according to the output voltage U of the pulse source to be debugged and the field intensity requirement of the position of the electric field sensor, selecting the electric field sensor with the appropriate range;

[0027] Step 6: connecting the pulse source to be debugged (6) to the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system;

[0028] erecting the pulse source to be debugged on the insulating support with the height determined in step 2 and connecting it with the circuit gas path adjusting system, and electrically connecting the output end thereof with the biconical antenna;

[0029] Step 7: making the pulse source to be debugged work normally, measuring the radiation electric field waveform data through the electric field sensor by the remote control end, generating the debugging instruction after processing the radiation electric field waveform data, adjusting the parameter of the pulse source to be debugged to the design requirement through the circuit gas path adjusting system, and recording the parameter of the pulse source to be debugged at this time.

[0030] Further, in step 1, the electric field sensor is arranged at a position directly above the center of the biconical antenna.

[0031] Further, step 7 is specifically:

[0032] 7.1, according to the target radiation electric field index requirement, select one of the target field strength levels, and preliminarily set the charging voltage and switch air pressure of the pulse source to be debugged through the circuit air path adjustment system, so that the pulse source to be debugged works normally;

[0033] 7.2, the remote control end records and processes the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor, generates a debugging instruction according to the difference between the radiation electric field waveform data and the target field strength level, and adjusts the charging voltage and switch air pressure of the pulse source to be debugged through the circuit air path adjustment system according to the debugging instruction, until the front edge, peak value and half width of the radiation electric field waveform meet the design requirements, and the charging voltage and switch air pressure of the pulse source to be debugged under the target field strength level are recorded;

[0034] 7.3, according to the target radiation electric field index requirement, select the next target field strength level, repeat step 7.2, until the charging voltage and switch air pressure of the pulse source to be debugged under all field strength levels of the target radiation electric field index requirement are recorded, that is, the pulse source debugging is completed.

[0035] Further, in step 2, the position of the electric field sensor and the optical path difference from the ground meet the constraint condition that does not affect the radiation electric field half width parameter:

[0036] 2H+h>0.3t w

[0037] In the formula, H is the height of the insulating support, the unit is m; h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor and the biconical center, the unit is m; t w The design index of the radiation electric field half width is ns, and the constant 0.3 is m / ns.

[0038] Further, in step 3, the calculation formula of the impedance Z of the biconical antenna is:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, θ is the half cone angle of the biconical antenna;

[0041] The constraint condition that the reflection of the cone bottom does not affect the front edge and peak value of the main pulse of the radiation electric field is:

[0042]

[0043] In the formula, l is the generatrix of the biconical antenna, unit: m; h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor and the center of the biconical antenna, unit: m; r1 is the radius of the bottom surface of the biconical antenna, unit: m; t r is the design index of the front of the radiated electric field, unit: ns; the constant 0.3 has a unit of m / ns.

[0044] Further, in step 5, the field strength E of the radiated electric field at the electric field sensor satisfies:

[0045]

[0046] In the formula, Z is the impedance of the biconical antenna, unit: Ω; U is the output voltage of the pulse source to be debugged, unit: kV, h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor and the center of the biconical antenna, unit: m.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects as follows:

[0048] 1. The large-scale horizontally polarized radiated wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system of the present application comprises an electric field sensor, a remote control end and a dummy load module, and under the condition of not connecting a large antenna load, a debugging result equivalent to connecting a large antenna load can be obtained, the full-system joint debugging function is reproduced under simple conditions, and the debugging cost is reduced.

[0049] 2. The large-scale horizontally polarized radiated wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system of the present application realizes real-time automatic feedback of the radiated electric field waveform parameters to the pulse source action through remote control end integrated signal processing, circuit control and airway control closed loop; wherein N parallel water resistance loads provide flexible impedance matching and support kV-MV level wide range debugging.

[0050] 3. The large-scale horizontally polarized radiated wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method of the present application re-designs the horizontally polarized radiated wave simulator debugging method by using an MV / m level integrated optical sensor, under the condition of connecting a dummy load, takes the radiated electric field near the pulse source measured in real time as a direct index for confirming the working state, obtains relatively accurate state parameters under different field strength levels, compared with the traditional method of taking the pulse source output voltage and other indirect parameters as the debugging basis, the accuracy of the pulse source state parameters obtained by the present application is obviously improved; the present application also directly measures the pulse source radiated electric field parameters under the condition of the dummy load, eliminates the erection of the large antenna system in the traditional method, reduces the requirements for the debugging site and the erected system, is convenient to implement, improves the debugging efficiency.

[0051] 4, The large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method, through the constraint electric field sensor is arranged in the position of the top of the double cone center, can avoid the influence of ground reflection and cone bottom reflection interference on the radiation electric field waveform index interpretation, ensure that the measured waveform truly reflects the pulse source characteristics.

[0052] 5, The large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method, the optical path difference formula is used to quantize the height requirement of the support of the pulse source debugging, and the influence of the ground reflection on the radiation electric field half-width is effectively avoided.

[0053] 6, The large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method, the double cone antenna impedance formula and the cone bottom reflection suppression formula are used to provide design basis for the antenna structure parameters, and ensure that the radiation electric field front is not disturbed by the cone bottom reflection.

[0054] 7, The large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method, step-by-step fine-tuning pulse source parameters (charging voltage, switch air pressure) is adopted, and step-by-step confirmation is realized, high-efficiency collaborative optimization of complex parameters is realized, and over-adjustment is avoided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] Figure 1 It is part of the system schematic diagram of the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system embodiment of the application;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method embodiment one of the application;

[0057] Figure 3 It is a pulse source debugging equivalent model schematic diagram established by the CST MWS electromagnetic simulation software in the embodiment one of the application;

[0058] Figure 4 It is a radiation electric field waveform comparison chart of the debugging state when the embodiment one of the application is connected with the dummy load module and the debugging state when the plane wire grid antenna is connected

[0059] Figure 5 It is a position and distance relationship schematic diagram of the electric field sensor in the embodiment one of the application and the double cone antenna;

[0060] Figure 6 It is a radiation electric field waveform comparison chart of the debugging state when the embodiment two of the application is connected with the dummy load module and the debugging state when the plane wire grid antenna is connected;

[0061] Figure 7 It is a comparison chart of the debugging result of the to-be-debugged pulse source in the initial state and the debugging result of the to-be-debugged pulse source after adjusting parameters in the embodiment two of the application.

[0062] Wherein, 1-biconical antenna, 2-electric field sensor, 3-insulating support, 4-circuit and gas path adjusting system, 5-remote control terminal, 51-signal processing module, 52-circuit control module, 53-gas path control module, 54-oscilloscope, 6-pulse source to be debugged. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present application, the present application of a large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system and method is further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0064] Example one

[0065] The present application provides a large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method, which is used for debugging the pulse source in the electromagnetic pulse simulator, and the debugging system is as shown in the figure, which comprises an insulating support 3, a circuit and gas path adjusting system 4, an electric field sensor 2, a remote control terminal 5 and a dummy load module. Figure 1 The insulating support 3 is used for erecting the biconical antenna 1 and the pulse source to be debugged 6; the pulse source to be debugged 6 is connected with the circuit and gas path adjusting system 4 through an optical fiber, and the circuit and gas path adjusting system 4 is connected with the remote control terminal 5 through an optical fiber; the outer cavity of the pulse source to be debugged 6 is grounded, and the output end thereof is electrically connected with the biconical antenna 1, and the biconical antenna 1 is used for converting the electric pulse output by the pulse source to be debugged 6 into a radiation field, which contains a radiation electric field and a radiation magnetic field perpendicular to each other and in phase. The bottom of the biconical antenna 1 is connected with the dummy load module, and the bottom of the biconical antenna 1 is grounded. The electric field sensor 2 is connected with the remote control terminal 5 through an optical fiber, and is used for monitoring the radiation electric field waveform data of the electric pulse output by the pulse source to be debugged 6; the remote control terminal 5 is used for recording and processing the radiation electric field waveform data to generate a debugging instruction. The circuit and gas path adjusting system 4 is used for debugging the parameters of the pulse source to be debugged 6 according to the debugging instruction.

[0066] The remote control end 5 comprises a signal processing module 51, a circuit control module 52, a gas path control module 53, and an oscilloscope 54. The input end of the oscilloscope 54 is connected with the electric field sensor 2 through an optical fiber, for collecting, displaying, and storing the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor 2. The input end of the signal processing module 51 is electrically connected with the output end of the oscilloscope 54, for analyzing the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor 2, and generating a pulse source debugging instruction according to the radiation electric field waveform data. The input ends of the circuit control module 52 and the gas path control module 53 are electrically connected with the output end of the signal processing module 51, for receiving the debugging instruction. The output end of the circuit control module 52 is connected with the first input end of the circuit gas path adjusting system 4 through an optical fiber, wherein the circuit control module 52 controls the circuit gas path adjusting system 4 to adjust the voltage parameter of the pulse source 6 to be debugged according to the debugging instruction received by it. The output end of the gas path control module 53 is connected with the second input end of the circuit gas path adjusting system 4 through an optical fiber, wherein the gas path control module 53 controls the circuit gas path adjusting system 4 to adjust the gas pressure parameter of the pulse source 6 to be debugged according to the debugging instruction received by it.

[0067] Based on the above debugging system, the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source method is implemented according to the flowchart shown in Figure 2 The specific implementation is as follows:

[0068] Step 1, determining the arrangement position of the electric field sensor 2

[0069] The arrangement position of the electric field sensor 2 should avoid the influence of ground reflection and the bottom reflection of the biconical antenna 1 on the radiation electric field waveform index; let the vertical distance between the electric field sensor 2 and the biconical center of the biconical antenna 1 be h.

[0070] The electric field sensor 2 is constrained by the bottom reflection of the biconical antenna 1, so that the electric field sensor 2 should be arranged in the area close to the center of the biconical antenna 1; at the same time, it is further constrained by the ground reflection, so that the electric field sensor should be arranged above the biconical antenna 1; then the electric field sensor 2 can be arranged at the position directly above the biconical center of the biconical antenna 1, which can avoid the influence of ground reflection and the bottom reflection of the biconical antenna 1 on the radiation electric field waveform index.

[0071] In other embodiments, the electric field sensor 2 can also be arranged at a position deviating from the biconical center above the biconical antenna 1.

[0072] As shown in Figure 5As shown, in order to ensure the insulation environment of the to-be-debugged pulse source 6, an insulation cylinder is usually sleeved in the middle of the biconical antenna 1, and insulation gas is filled in the insulation cylinder. Since the insulation cylinder is arranged in the middle of the biconical antenna 1, the radius of the insulation cylinder is r2, and when the electric field sensor 2 is arranged on the wall of the insulation cylinder, the vertical distance h between the electric field sensor 2 and the biconical center is related to the radius r2 of the insulation cylinder. If the radius r2 of the insulation cylinder is 0.8 m, the vertical distance h of the electric field sensor 2 to the biconical center is preferably h = r2 = 0.8 m.

[0073] Step 2, calculating the height of the insulation support 3

[0074] According to the setting index t of the radiation electric field half-width w (unit: ns) to calculate the height H of the insulation support 3, so that the position of the electric field sensor 2 and the optical path difference of the ground surface satisfy the constraint condition of not affecting the radiation electric field half-width parameter, which satisfies the following formula:

[0075] 2H + h > 0.3t w

[0076] In the formula, H is the height of the insulation support 3, and the unit is m; h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor 2 and the biconical center, and the unit is m; t w is the design index of the radiation electric field half-width, and the unit is ns, and the coefficient 0.3 is the approximate value of the speed of light, and the unit is m / ns.

[0077] According to the radiation electric field half-width index requirement proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC61000-4-25, t w = 23 ns, and the above formula can be obtained: H should satisfy H > 3.05 m.

[0078] In this embodiment, H = 3.5 m, which satisfies the requirement of greater than 3.05 m, and the insulation support 3 is a wooden support.

[0079] Step 3, calculating the structural parameters of the biconical antenna 1

[0080] Based on the design index t of the radiation electric field front r (unit: ns) to calculate the structural parameters of the biconical antenna 1, including the half-cone angle θ, the bottom radius r1 and the impedance Z (unit: Ω), to satisfy the constraint condition that the reflection of the cone bottom does not affect the front and peak value of the main pulse of the radiation electric field. In order to reduce the influence of the discontinuity of the antenna structure on the radiation electric field, the output switch of the horizontal polarization radiation wave simulator and the biconical antenna are usually designed in an integrated manner.

[0081] The calculation formula of the impedance Z of the biconical antenna is:

[0082]

[0083] wherein θ is the half-cone angle of the biconical antenna (1).

[0084] Suppose the half-cone angle θ of the biconical antenna is 32°, according to the calculation formula of the biconical antenna impedance Z, the following can be obtained:

[0085]

[0086] The pulse current propagates along the biconical antenna, and after reaching the cone bottom of the biconical antenna 1, a reflection is generated due to the structural discontinuity. The optical path difference of this reflection at the electric field sensor 2 should not affect the front edge and peak value of the main pulse of the radiated electric field, i.e. the optical path difference of the cone bottom reflection needs to satisfy the following constraint relationship:

[0087]

[0088] wherein l is the generatrix of the biconical antenna, unit: m; h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor 2 and the biconical center, unit: m; r1 is the bottom radius of the biconical antenna 1, unit: m; t r is the design index of the front edge of the radiated electric field, unit: ns; the coefficient 0.3 is the approximate value of the speed of light, unit: m / ns.

[0089] Suppose the bottom radius r1 of the biconical antenna is 1.25 m, then l≈2.36 m; according to the front edge index requirement of the radiated electric field proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC61000-4-25, suppose t r =2.5 ns, the left side of the above formula is 3.6 after calculation, 3.6>0.3×2.5, then r1=1.25 m satisfies the constraint relationship of the optical path difference.

[0090] Step 4, select a dummy load module with a resistance value matched with the impedance of the biconical antenna 1. The dummy load module is generally N parallel water resistors.

[0091] In this embodiment, one parallel water resistor is selected as the dummy load module, which is used to absorb the remaining energy and minimize the impact on the radiated electric field. The equivalent resistance value of the dummy load module should be matched with the impedance Z of the biconical antenna 1 (150 Ω), so the resistance value of the water resistor is preferably 150 Ω.

[0092] Step 5, select an electric field sensor 2 with appropriate range

[0093] According to the output voltage U of the pulse source 6 to be debugged and the field strength requirement at the position of the electric field sensor 2, select an electric field sensor 2 with appropriate range. The field strength E of the radiated electric field at the electric field sensor 2 satisfies:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, Z is the impedance of the biconical antenna 1, with units of Ω; U is the output voltage of the pulse source to be debugged 6, with units of kV, and h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor 2 and the center of the bicones, with units of m.

[0096] In this embodiment, numerical simulation is used. It is assumed that the pulse source to be debugged 6 can normally establish, that the front edge and half-width of the output voltage under a certain state parameter are 2.5 ns and 23 ns respectively, and that the peak value of the electric pulse is 1.5 MV. The results are established by applying a standard double exponential excitation to the biconical antenna 1 in the CST MWS electromagnetic simulation software. The electric field sensor 2 measures the radiation electric field waveform at the specified position by setting an electric field probe as the electric field sensor 2 in the electromagnetic simulation software, and it can be known that the measurement range meets the requirements.

[0097] Step 6: Connect the pulse source to be debugged 6 to the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system.

[0098] The pulse source to be debugged 6 is erected on the 3.5 m high insulating support 3, is connected to the circuit and gas path adjustment system 4 through an optical fiber, and is electrically connected to the biconical antenna 1 at the output end.

[0099] Step 7: Debug the parameters of the pulse source to be debugged 6 to the design requirements

[0100] 7.1. Select one of the target field strength levels according to the target radiation electric field index requirements, and preliminarily set the charging voltage and switch gas pressure of the pulse source to be debugged 6 through the circuit and gas path adjustment system 4, so that the pulse source to be debugged 6 normally works;

[0101] 7.2. The remote control end 5 records and processes the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor 2, generates a debugging instruction according to the difference between the radiation electric field waveform data and the radiation electric field waveform data of the target field strength level, and adjusts the charging voltage and switch gas pressure of the pulse source to be debugged 6 through the circuit and gas path adjustment system 4 according to the debugging instruction, until the front edge, peak value and half-width of the radiation electric field waveform all meet the design requirements, and the charging voltage and switch gas pressure of the pulse source to be debugged 6 under the target field strength level are recorded.

[0102] 7.3. According to the target radiation electric field index requirements, select the next target field strength level, and repeat step 7.2 until the charging voltage and switch gas pressure of the pulse source to be debugged 6 under all the target field strength levels are recorded, that is, the pulse source debugging is completed.

[0103] Figure 3The equivalent model of the pulse source debugging is established by using CST MWS electromagnetic simulation software for the first embodiment of the present application, the biconical antenna and the ground are modeled as ideal conductors, the dummy load module and the grounding resistor are equivalent to lumped resistance elements with resistance values of 150Ω and 10Ω respectively. Since the wooden insulating support 3 does not affect the radiation electric field waveform, the equivalent model does not model the wooden insulating support 3.

[0104] Figure 4 The comparison chart of the radiation electric field waveforms in the debugging state of the first embodiment of the present application when the dummy load module is connected and the debugging state when the planar grid antenna is connected is shown, and the electric field waveform at the electric field sensor 2 after the to-be-debugged pulse source 6 is set at a height of 8m is also shown for easy comparison. Compared with the debugging method of raising the pulse source and connecting the matching grid antenna load, the equivalent model for debugging by connecting the dummy load module has the following differences in the radiation electric field waveform at the monitoring point:

[0105] (1) The equivalent model has two obvious reflections in the falling edge of the field waveform, the first reflection is about 8.5ns after the radiation electric field electric pulse peak at the monitoring point, and according to the distance relationship between the electric field sensor 2 and the biconical antenna 1 in the Figure 5 It is shown that the cone bottom reflection arrives at about △r / 0.3≈11.9ns after the main pulse peak of the radiation electric field, which basically corresponds to the first reflection time, causing the radiation electric field waveform to have an obvious negative reflection pit. Similarly, the second reflection is about 25ns after the field peak, which is determined to be from the ground according to the optical path difference. The two reflections have little effect on the half width of the radiation electric field.

[0106] (2) The trailing edge of the field waveform of the equivalent model of the present application oscillates to zero, the period of the oscillation electric pulse wave peak and valley is about 30ns, and the amplitude is about 13% of the field peak. The oscillation phenomenon is mainly caused by the accumulation and dissipation of the cone bottom charge, which does not affect the adjustment of the radiation electric field waveform parameters and the state parameters of the pulse source. When the pulse source is raised and connected to the matching load grid antenna, the oscillation caused by the cone bottom will disappear.

[0107] From the waveform parameters, it can be seen that the front edge of the radiation electric field at the monitoring point is 2.3ns and the half width is 23.5ns, which meets the technical indexes of “2.5ns±0.5ns” and “23ns±5ns” proposed by the international electrotechnical IEC61000-4-25 standard.

[0108] From the debugging accuracy, the front edge and half width of the radiation electric field when the matching grid antenna load is connected are about 2.3ns and 22.4ns respectively, and the difference between the half width of the present application method and the antenna after being raised is only 1.1ns, which is less than 5%.

[0109] ​At this time, the state of the pulse source does not need to be adjusted, that is, the pulse source is debugged.

[0110] Embodiment two

[0111] Step 1, determining the arrangement position of the electric field sensor 2

[0112] Supposing the radius r2 of the insulating cylinder is 0.8 m, the vertical distance from the electric field sensor 2 to the center of the double cone is preferably h = r2 = 0.8 m.

[0113] Step 2, calculating the height of the insulating support 3

[0114] As known from Embodiment one, the height H of the insulating support 3 should be greater than 3.05 m.

[0115] Due to the limitation of experimental conditions, the height H of the insulating support 3 is taken as 2.5 m in this embodiment. Although the height of the insulating support 3 does not satisfy the above constraint condition, the ground reflection will affect the radiation electric field half-width parameter of the electric field sensor 2 to a certain extent, but the degree of influence can be estimated through simulation calculation, and the influence is taken into account in the parameter adjustment process of the pulse source 6 to be debugged, and finally the pulse source parameters satisfying the radiation environment requirements can also be obtained.

[0116] Figure 6 The comparison chart of the radiation electric field waveforms of the embodiment two of the present application connecting the dummy load module and connecting the planar grid antenna, the radiation electric field waveforms obtained through the simulation calculation according to the above setting are compared, and the waveforms at the corresponding positions when the double cone antenna connects the planar grid antenna are also compared. From the field waveform parameters, the radiation electric field front and peak in the two states are consistent, the radiation electric field half-width is about 22.4 ns when connecting the matching grid antenna load, and the radiation electric field half-width is about 25.5 ns in the debugging state of connecting the dummy load module, the latter half-width is increased by about 2.5 ns, which is about 11% of the radiation electric field half-width when connecting the grid antenna. During the state adjustment process of the pulse source, the deviation also needs to be considered.

[0117] Step 3, calculating the structural parameters of the double cone antenna 1

[0118] Supposing the half-cone angle θ of the double cone antenna is 32°, the impedance Z is 150 Ω, and supposing the bottom radius r1 of the double cone antenna is 1.25 m, as known from Embodiment one, r1 = 1.25 m satisfies the corresponding constraint condition.

[0119] Step 4, selecting the dummy load module with the impedance matched with the impedance of the double cone antenna 1. The dummy load module is generally N parallel water resistors.

[0120] In this embodiment, N = 7 parallel water resistors are taken as the dummy load module, and the total resistance value needs to be matched with the impedance Z (150 Ω) of the double cone antenna 1. Then the resistance value of a single resistor is preferably R 单= Z x N = 1050 Ω.

[0121] Step 5, select the appropriate range of electric field sensor

[0122] Suppose the maximum output voltage of the pulse source is 1.5 MV, according to the formula of the field strength E in Example 1, the radiation electric field strength at the position of the electric field sensor 2 can be obtained as:

[0123]

[0124] Accordingly, a small volume broadband pulse electric field sensor based on the electro-optic effect and electro-optic modulation principle is selected, which can meet the measurement requirements of strong pulse radiation electric field, and has the characteristics of high integration, high bandwidth and high field strength.

[0125] Step 6, connect the pulse source 6 to be debugged to the large horizontal polarization radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system.

[0126] The pulse source 6 to be debugged is erected on the 2.5m high insulating support 3, connected to the circuit and gas adjustment system 4 through an optical fiber, and electrically connected to the biconical antenna 1.

[0127] Step 7, debug the parameters of the pulse source 6 to be debugged to the design requirements. The specific steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0128] Suppose the height of the pulse source 6 to be debugged is 8m, and the radiation electric field with an amplitude not less than 100kV / m, a front and a half width respectively meeting the "2.5ns±0.5ns" and "23ns±5ns" proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC61000-4-25 needs to be generated at a height of 3.5m from the ground directly below the biconical center of the biconical antenna 1.

[0129] According to the above index requirements, set the initial parameters of the pulse source: for the Marx primary source with double-sided charging and 15 stages, set the Marx charging voltage to 45kV; the pulse source adopts a two-stage compression scheme, the Marx switch charges SF6 gas with an absolute pressure of 0.37MPa, the middle storage switch charges N2 with an absolute pressure of 0.32MPa, and the output switch charges SF6 gas with an absolute pressure of 0.54MPa. After the pulse source is normally established, record the measured radiation electric field waveform at the monitoring point, as shown in the middle gray curve, at this time the radiation electric field front is 1.8ns and the half width is 12.4ns, which is too narrow. Figure 7

[0130] The signal processing module adjusts the state parameters of the pulse source 6 to be debugged after synthesizing the information, increases the gas pressure of the middle storage switch to 0.35MPa to improve the radiation electric field waveform, and the other parameters remain unchanged. The measured radiation electric field waveform at the monitoring point is as follows: Figure 7 ​As shown in the middle black curve, at this time, the front of the radiation electric field is 2.2 ns, and the half width is 18.6 ns, which meets the index requirements of "2.5 ns ± 0.5 ns" and "23 ns ± 5 ns" proposed by the International Electrotechnical Commission standard IEC61000-4-25. At this time, the electric field intensity at the electric field sensor 2 is about 909 kV / m, and according to the electromagnetic theory and the empirical formula, it is calculated that when the to-be-debugged pulse source 6 is erected at 8 m and connected with the wire grid antenna, the radiation electric field intensity generated at the position directly below the biconical antenna at a height of 3.5 m from the ground is about 160 kV / m, which also meets the requirements. The output index meets the design requirements, and the state parameter debugging of the pulse source is completed.

[0131] Therefore, it can be known that the radiation electric field waveform data of the debugging result of the embodiment of the present application when the dummy load module is connected is close to the debugging result of the prior art without connecting the dummy load and erecting at a height of 8 m, and therefore the present application can effectively reduce the setting height of the to-be-debugged pulse source 6 when the dummy load module is connected.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalently replace part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system, characterized in that: include: Insulating bracket (3), circuit and gas path regulating system (4), electric field sensor (2) and remote control terminal (5); A biconical antenna (1) and a pulse source (6) to be debugged are mounted on the insulating bracket (3); The pulse source to be debugged (6) is connected to the circuit and gas path regulating system (4), and the circuit and gas path regulating system (4) is connected to the remote control terminal (5); The external cavity of the pulse source (6) to be debugged is grounded, and its output end is electrically connected to the biconical antenna (1). The biconical antenna (1) is used to convert the electric pulse output by the pulse source (6) to be debugged into a radiation field, wherein the radiation field includes a radiation electric field and a radiation magnetic field that are perpendicular to each other and in phase. A dummy load module is connected to the bottom of the biconical antenna (1), and the bottom of the biconical antenna (1) is grounded; The electric field sensor (2) is connected to the remote control terminal (5) and is used to monitor the radiation electric field waveform data of the electric pulse output by the pulse source (6) to be debugged; The remote control terminal (5) is used to record and process the radiation electric field waveform data and generate debugging instructions; The circuit gas path regulating system (4) is used to debug the parameters of the pulse source (6) to be debugged according to the debugging instruction.

2. A large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insulating tube is sleeved in the middle of the double cone of the double cone antenna (1), and the insulating tube is filled with insulating gas to provide an insulating environment for debugging the pulse source (6) to be debugged.

3. A large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The remote control terminal (5) includes a signal processing module (51), a circuit control module (52), a gas path control module (53) and an oscilloscope (54); The input end of the oscilloscope (54) is connected to the electric field sensor (2) and is used to collect, display and store the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor (2); The input end of the signal processing module (51) is electrically connected to the output end of the oscilloscope (54), and is used to analyze the radiation electric field waveform data and generate a debugging instruction; The input ends of the circuit control module (52) and the gas path control module (53) are both electrically connected to the output end of the signal processing module (51) for receiving the debugging instruction; The output end of the circuit control module (52) is connected to the first input end of the circuit gas path regulating system (4), and the circuit control module (52) controls the circuit gas path regulating system (4) to adjust the voltage parameters of the pulse source (6) to be debugged according to the debugging instruction; The output end of the gas circuit control module (53) is connected to the second input end of the circuit gas circuit regulating system (4), and the gas circuit control module (53) controls the circuit gas circuit regulating system (4) to regulate the gas pressure parameters of the pulse source (6) to be debugged according to the debugging instruction.

4. A large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The insulating bracket (3) is a wooden bracket; The dummy load module includes N water resistors connected in parallel.

5. A large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method, based on the large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, determining the arrangement position of the electric field sensor (2) so as to avoid the influence of ground reflection and cone bottom reflection of the biconical antenna (1) on the radiated electric field waveform index; Step 2: Based on the design index t of the radiation electric field half width w Calculating the height H of the insulating bracket (3) so that the optical path difference between the position of the electric field sensor (2) and the ground satisfies the constraint condition of not affecting the half-width parameter of the radiation electric field; Step 3: Design index t based on the radiation electric field front r Calculate the structural parameters of the biconical antenna (1), including the semi-conical angle θ, the bottom radius r1 and the impedance Z, so as to meet the constraint that the cone bottom reflection does not affect the leading edge and peak value of the main pulse of the radiated electric field; Step 4, selecting a dummy load module whose resistance value matches the impedance of the biconical antenna (1); Step 5: Select an electric field sensor (2) with a suitable range according to the output voltage U of the pulse source (6) to be debugged and the field strength requirement at the location of the electric field sensor (2); Step 6, connecting the pulse source to be debugged (6) to the large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging system; The pulse source (6) to be debugged is set up on the insulating support (3) of the height determined in step 2, and is connected to the circuit and gas path adjustment system (4), and its output end is electrically connected to the biconical antenna (1); Step 7: Make the pulse source to be debugged (6) work normally, the remote control terminal (5) measures the radiation electric field waveform data through the electric field sensor (2), generates a debugging instruction after processing the radiation electric field waveform data, and debugs the parameters of the pulse source to be debugged (6) through the circuit and gas path adjustment system (4) until the leading edge, peak value and half width of the radiation electric field waveform meet the design requirements, and records the parameters of the pulse source to be debugged (6) at this time.

6. The method for debugging a pulse source of a large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step 1, the electric field sensor (2) is placed directly above the center of the biconical cone of the biconical antenna (1).

7. A large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator pulse source debugging method according to claim 5, characterized in that ； Step 7 is as follows: 7.

1. Select one of the target field strength levels according to the target radiation electric field index requirements, and preliminarily set the charging voltage and switch pressure of the pulse source (6) to be debugged through the circuit and gas path adjustment system (4) to enable the pulse source (6) to be debugged to work normally; 7.

2. The remote control terminal (5) records and processes the radiation electric field waveform data measured by the electric field sensor (2), and generates a debugging instruction based on the difference between the radiation electric field waveform data and the radiation electric field waveform data of the target field intensity level; According to the debugging instruction, the charging voltage and the switching pressure of the pulse source (6) to be debugged are fine-tuned through the circuit gas path adjustment system (4) until the leading edge, peak value and half width of the radiation electric field waveform meet the design requirements, and the charging voltage and the switching pressure of the pulse source (6) to be debugged under the target field strength level are recorded; 7.

3. According to the target radiation electric field index requirement, select the next target field strength level and repeat step 7.2 until the charging voltage and switch pressure of the pulse source (6) to be debugged at all field strength levels required by the target radiation electric field index are recorded, and the pulse source debugging is completed.

8. A method for debugging a pulse source of a large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: In step 2, the optical path difference between the position of the electric field sensor (2) and the ground satisfies the constraint condition of not affecting the half-width parameter of the radiation electric field: 2H+h>0.3t w Wherein, H is the height of the insulating support (3), in m; h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor (2) and the center of the double cone, in m; t w It is the design index of the half-width of the radiation electric field, with the unit of ns. The unit of the coefficient of 0.3 is m / ns.

9. A method for debugging a pulse source of a large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: In step 3, the calculation formula of the impedance Z of the biconical antenna (1) is: Where θ is the half-cone angle of the biconical antenna (1); The constraint condition that the cone bottom reflection does not affect the leading edge and peak value of the main pulse of the radiated electric field is: Where l is the busbar of the biconical antenna, The unit is m; h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor (2) and the center of the bicone, the unit is m; r1 is the bottom radius of the bicone antenna (1), the unit is m; t r is the design index of the radiation electric field front, the unit is ns; The unit of the coefficient 0.3 is m / ns.

10. A pulse source debugging method for a large-scale horizontally polarized radiation wave electromagnetic pulse simulator according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: In step 5, the field intensity E of the radiated electric field at the electric field sensor (2) satisfies: Wherein, Z is the impedance of the biconical antenna (1), in Ω; U is the output voltage of the pulse source (6) to be debugged, in kV; and h is the vertical distance between the electric field sensor (2) and the center of the biconical antenna, in m.

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