A diving bell gas system and its gas supply method for diving

Abstract

This invention discloses a diving bell gas system and its gas supply method. The gas system includes a diving bell body, a diving bell umbilical cord, a diver's umbilical cord, and a bell-mounted gas supply unit. The diving bell umbilical cord includes a supply gas pipeline and a breathing gas pipeline, which respectively provide high-pressure ambient gas to the diving bell body and breathing gas to the divers. The bell-mounted gas supply unit includes a helium-oxygen cylinder, a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask. The helium-oxygen cylinder contains a high-pressure helium-oxygen mixture. The outlet pipelines of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask are connected in parallel to the breathing gas supply pipeline. The nitrogen and / or oxygen supplied are adjusted according to the diving bell's operating depth. The breathing gas supply pipeline and the breathing gas supply pipeline are connected in parallel to the inlet of a manifold. The inlet of the manifold is also connected to the breathing gas pipeline, and the outlet of the manifold is connected to multiple diver's umbilical cords. This invention can flexibly adjust the helium-nitrogen-oxygen ratio according to the diving bell's current operating depth, effectively adapting to the breathing needs of divers at different water depths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of saturation diving technology, specifically relating to a diving bell gas system and its gas supply method. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile saturation diving systems are primarily used for deep-sea diving operations, such as submarine rescue, emergency rescue, and salvage missions. These systems typically consist of multiple modules, including a living quarters module, a diving bell module, a deployment module, a centralized operation and control module, a life support equipment module, an emergency high-pressure escape chamber module, a support equipment module, and an optional gas supply module. The diving bell module, as a crucial unit connecting the underwater working environment to the mother ship within the mobile saturation diving system, plays a vital role in transporting divers into and out of the water, supporting underwater operations, and ensuring the divers' safety. Existing diving bell gas systems typically supply a fixed proportion of helium-oxygen mixture from the mother ship via the main umbilical cord to provide breathing gas for divers. Simultaneously, the diving bell itself contains several high-pressure helium-oxygen cylinders to provide emergency breathing gas in case of main umbilical cord failure. Furthermore, existing technologies also include necessary decompression devices, gas regulating valves, and monitoring instruments to maintain environmental stability and breathing gas safety during divers' operations.

[0003] However, existing diving bell systems have several shortcomings. First, the mothership umbilical gas supply system is prone to supply interruptions in complex sea conditions due to cable breakage or interface failure. Traditional bell-mounted high-pressure cylinders, limited by their storage capacity and mixing accuracy, struggle to meet the demands of long-duration, deep-sea operations. Second, the fixed helium-oxygen mixture ratio prevents flexible adjustments to the breathing gas composition based on varying water depths and operational conditions, leading to insufficient breathing gas density in shallow and medium-depth water, potentially causing communication difficulties, abnormal breathing load, and hyperbaric nervous system syndrome. Third, existing systems rely on high-pressure cylinders for storage, limiting capacity. Furthermore, helium, being a rare gas, is expensive to consume, and there is a lack of mechanisms for conservation and dynamic optimization. Additionally, when the main umbilical gas supply is interrupted, only an emergency switch to helium-oxygen cylinders is possible, without the ability to further supplement or adjust the breathing gas composition according to environmental changes during emergencies, resulting in a single gas supply and insufficient adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a diving bell gas system and its gas supply method, aiming to solve the problems of existing diving bell gas systems having fixed breathing gas composition, inability to dynamically adjust according to operating depth, high helium consumption costs, and a single emergency gas supply method lacking flexible adjustment capabilities.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A diving bell gas system includes a diving bell body, a diving bell umbilical cord, a diver's umbilical cord, and a bell-mounted gas supply unit. The diving bell umbilical cord is used to connect the mother ship and the diving bell body in a motorized saturation diving system. The diving bell umbilical cord includes a gas supply line and a breathing gas line, which respectively provide high-pressure ambient gas to the diving bell body and breathing gas to the operators. The bell-mounted gas supply unit includes a helium-oxygen cylinder, a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask. The helium-oxygen cylinder contains a fixed proportion of high-pressure helium-oxygen mixture. The outlet lines of multiple helium-oxygen cylinders are connected in parallel to the breathing gas supply line. The outlet lines of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask are connected in parallel to the breathing supplement line for adjusting and supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen based on the working depth of the diving bell body. The breathing gas supply line and the breathing supplement line are connected in parallel to the inlet end of a manifold. The inlet end of the manifold is also connected to the breathing gas line. The outlet end of the manifold is connected to multiple diver's umbilical cords.

[0007] Preferably, a first electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the breathing air line, a second electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the breathing air supply line, a third electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the breathing supplement line, a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the outlet line of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask, and a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the outlet line of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask has a nitrogen outlet pipe at the top and a liquid nitrogen connecting pipe extending upward from the bottom. After the nitrogen outlet pipe and the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe merge, they are connected to the breathing supplement pipe through the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve. The liquid oxygen Dewar flask has an oxygen outlet pipe at the top and a liquid oxygen connecting pipe extending upward from the bottom. After the oxygen outlet pipe and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe merge, they are connected to the breathing supplement pipe through the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve.

[0009] Preferably, a liquid nitrogen heater is arranged on the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe, and a liquid oxygen heater is arranged on the liquid oxygen connecting pipe. The liquid nitrogen heater, the liquid oxygen heater, the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve, and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve are all connected to a controller. The controller adjusts the heating power of the liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater, as well as the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve, based on the working depth.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater employ semiconductor refrigeration. The liquid nitrogen heater and the liquid oxygen heater are the hot ends of the semiconductor refrigeration. The first cold end of the liquid nitrogen heater is arranged on the nitrogen outlet pipe, near the junction with the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe. The second cold end of the liquid oxygen heater is arranged on the oxygen outlet pipe, near the junction with the liquid oxygen connecting pipe. The cold ends and the hot ends are connected by a heat pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the breathing air supply tube is further provided with an internal branch for supplying nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body, and a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve is provided on the internal branch. On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a method for supplying air to a diving bell system based on the above-described method, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1, during normal operation of the diving bell, supplies breathing gas to the diver's umbilical cord through the breathing air tube of the main umbilical cord;

[0013] S2, when the breathing air line fails or cannot supply air normally, it switches to the bell-mounted air supply unit to supply breathing gas to the diver's umbilical cord through the breathing air supply line.

[0014] S3 controls the replenishment of nitrogen and / or oxygen through the breathing air supply tube according to the operating depth of the diving bell, so as to adjust the helium, nitrogen and oxygen ratio of the breathing gas and generate a helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixture or a helium-oxygen mixture in other proportions for the workers to breathe.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the process of supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen includes: heating the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe respectively through a liquid nitrogen heater and a liquid oxygen heater to promote the vaporization of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen, and controlling the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve on the outlet pipe of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask to regulate the outlet flow rate.

[0016] Preferably, in step S3, the working depth is monitored in real time by the controller, which automatically adjusts the amount of nitrogen and / or oxygen replenishment and the composition ratio of the breathing gas based on the working depth.

[0017] Preferably, the method further includes step S4, in which the ratio of helium, nitrogen, and oxygen is dynamically changed during the decompression phase to adapt to the diver's breathing needs and prevent hyperbaric neurosis or oxygen poisoning.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) This invention replenishes nitrogen and oxygen using liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen Dewar flasks, combined with high-pressure helium-oxygen mixtures output from helium-oxygen cylinders. This allows for flexible adjustment of the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratios according to the current operating depth of the diving bell, generating helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixtures or helium-oxygen mixtures of different ratios. This effectively adapts to the breathing needs of divers at different depths, improving the adaptability and scientific nature of the gas supply system. By dynamically controlling the density of breathing gases and the partial pressure of oxygen, the breathing environment for divers can be optimized at different depths, reducing the risks of hyperbaric neurosis, nitrogen narcosis, and hyperbaric oxygen poisoning. Simultaneously, it improves the quality of underwater communication and operational comfort, significantly enhancing operational efficiency and safety.

[0020] (2) By introducing nitrogen in appropriate amounts during shallow and medium water depth operations, this invention partially replaces expensive helium components, significantly reducing helium consumption, reducing gas supply costs for saturated diving operations, and improving gas source utilization efficiency, thus having good economic advantages.

[0021] (3) After the main umbilical gas supply is interrupted, the present invention can automatically switch to the bell-mounted gas supply unit to supply gas through helium-oxygen cylinders, and can further supplement nitrogen and / or oxygen according to the needs of the cabin environment, avoiding the limitations of the traditional gas system's single switching, and improving the diving bell's autonomous gas supply capability and survival guarantee capability in emergency situations.

[0022] (4) The present invention is equipped with an electromagnetic regulating valve, a liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen heater and a controller, which can adjust the amount of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen volatilization and replenishment in real time based on the working depth, realize intelligent switching of gas supply path and fine control of gas composition, improve the automation level and operational reliability of diving bell gas system, reduce manual intervention, and improve the overall controllability and stability of operation. Attached Figure Description

[0023] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a diving bell system for diving, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask as shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas supply method of a diving bell gas system for diving, as shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1-Diving bell body; 2-Diving bell umbilical cord; 3-Diver's umbilical cord; 4-Onboard air supply unit; 5-Air supply line; 6-Breathing air line; 7-Helium-oxygen cylinder; 8-Liquid nitrogen Dewar flask; 9-Liquid oxygen Dewar flask; 10-Breathing air supply line; 11-Breathing supplement line; 12-Manifold; 13-First electromagnetic regulating valve; 14-Second electromagnetic regulating valve; 15-Third electromagnetic regulating valve; 16-Fourth electromagnetic regulating valve; 17-Fifth electromagnetic regulating valve; 18-Controller; 19-Internal branch; 20-Sixth electromagnetic regulating valve; 81-Nitrogen outlet pipe; 82-Liquid nitrogen connecting pipe; 83-Liquid nitrogen heater; 84-First cold end; 91-Oxygen outlet pipe; 92-Liquid oxygen connecting pipe; 93-Liquid oxygen heater; 94-Second cold end. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more detailed description is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that when an element is described as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. When an element is described as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or one or more intermediate elements may exist between them. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and similar expressions used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, unless otherwise stated, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; "multiple" means two or more. The term "comprising" and any variations thereof mean non-exclusive inclusion, where one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof may be present or added.

[0029] Furthermore, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections via an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. All technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-2This embodiment provides a diving bell system, including a diving bell body 1, a diving bell umbilical 2, a diver umbilical 3, and a bell-mounted air supply unit 4. The diving bell body 1 is used to accommodate the diving operator and serves as a transition space between underwater operations and the mother ship. The diving bell umbilical 2 is used to connect the mother ship and the diving bell body 1 in a mobile saturation diving system. The diving bell umbilical 2 serves as the lifeline for main air supply and communication, ensuring that the diving bell body 1 can continuously receive environmental support gas and communication commands from the mother ship during underwater operations. The diving bell umbilical 2 includes an air supply pipe. The diving bell system includes a gas supply line 5 and a breathing gas line 6. Gas supply line 5 provides high-pressure gas to the diving bell body 1 to maintain the environmental pressure suitable for the operating depth. Breathing gas line 6 directly delivers a breathable mixture to the personnel to ensure life support. The bell-mounted gas supply unit 4 includes a helium-oxygen cylinder 7, a liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, and a liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9. The helium-oxygen cylinder 7 contains a fixed proportion of high-pressure helium-oxygen mixture. As a standard gas storage device inside the diving bell, the helium-oxygen cylinder 7 provides emergency breathing gas support in case the main umbilical cord 2 fails. Multiple helium-oxygen cylinders 7... The exhaust pipe is connected in parallel to the breathing supply pipe 10. The breathing supply pipe 10 collects the output gas from all helium-oxygen cylinders 7, achieving unified delivery of high-pressure helium-oxygen mixture. The exhaust pipes of liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9 are connected in parallel to the breathing replenishment pipe 11, used to adjust the replenishment of nitrogen and / or oxygen based on the working depth of the diving bell body 1. Liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9 release nitrogen and oxygen through vaporization to adjust the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratio of the breathing gas according to different water depth environments, thereby optimizing the density and composition of the diver's breathing gas. Breathing supply pipe 1 After the breathing air supply tube 11 and the main umbilical cord 2 are connected in parallel, they are connected to the inlet end of the manifold 12. The manifold 12 serves as a gas mixing and distribution node, which uniformly distributes breathing gases from different sources to the downstream. The inlet end of the manifold 12 is also connected to the breathing gas pipeline 6. Through the connection with the breathing gas pipeline 6, the breathing gas supply of the main umbilical cord 2 can also be uniformly managed with the gas source of the clock-mounted gas supply unit 4. The outlet end of the manifold 12 is connected to multiple diver umbilical cords 3. Each diver umbilical cord 3 corresponds to a different working diver, realizing an independent, controllable, and safe breathing gas supply for each diver.

[0032] A first electromagnetic regulating valve 13 is installed on the breathing air pipeline 6. This valve controls the flow rate of breathing air from the diving bell umbilical cord 2. During normal operation, it adjusts the breathing air supply as needed to ensure a stable supply of breathing gas to the personnel. A second electromagnetic regulating valve 14 is installed on the breathing air supply pipeline 10. This valve controls the flow rate of the helium-oxygen mixture output from the helium-oxygen cylinder 7. In case of abnormality or insufficient supply from the main umbilical cord 2, it can promptly open and adjust the supply of gas from the helium-oxygen cylinder 7, enabling rapid switching of emergency gas supply. A third electromagnetic regulating valve 15 is installed on the breathing air replenishment pipeline 11. This valve regulates the flow rate of nitrogen and oxygen replenished after vaporization from the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9. Based on the actual operating depth requirements of the diving bell body 1, it appropriately replenishes nitrogen and oxygen to achieve dynamic optimization of the breathing gas composition. A fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 is installed on the outlet line of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8. This valve controls the output of nitrogen gas produced by vaporization in the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, allowing for independent adjustment of the nitrogen supply or coordinated adjustment with the liquid oxygen flow to regulate the overall breathing gas ratio. A fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 is installed on the outlet line of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9. This valve controls the output of oxygen gas produced by vaporization in the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, providing real-time and precise oxygen replenishment based on the operating depth and oxygen partial pressure requirements, ensuring the safety and suitability of the diver's breathing environment.

[0033] The top of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 is equipped with a nitrogen outlet pipe 81, which is used to release the nitrogen gas formed by evaporation inside the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, ensuring that gaseous nitrogen can be output independently under different operational requirements. A liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82 extends upwards from the bottom of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8, which is used to lead out the liquid nitrogen gas, facilitating the rapid generation of a large amount of gaseous nitrogen for system replenishment through subsequent heating or vaporization. After the nitrogen outlet pipe 81 and the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82 merge, they are connected to the breathing air replenishment pipe 11 through a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16. The fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 regulates the nitrogen flow rate output from the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 to the breathing air replenishment pipe 11, achieving intelligent control of the replenishment nitrogen ratio. The top of the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9 is equipped with an oxygen outlet pipe 91, which is used to release the naturally vaporized oxygen inside the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, meeting the routine oxygen replenishment needs of the diving bell body 1. A liquid oxygen dewar flask 9 extends upwards from its bottom into a liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92. This pipe delivers liquid oxygen to the vaporization or heating module, ensuring rapid conversion when a large amount of oxygen is required. The oxygen outlet pipe 91 and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92 converge and connect to the breathing and replenishment pipe 11 via a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17. This valve controls the oxygen flow rate output from the liquid oxygen dewar flask 9, allowing the oxygen replenishment process to be flexibly adjusted according to the oxygen partial pressure requirements of the diving bell body 1's operating environment.

[0034] Furthermore, a liquid nitrogen heater 83 is arranged on the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82. The liquid nitrogen heater 83 is used to heat the liquid nitrogen gas in the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82, accelerating the vaporization rate of the liquid nitrogen so as to respond quickly when a large amount of nitrogen is needed. A liquid oxygen heater 93 is arranged on the liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92. The liquid oxygen heater 93 is used to heat the liquid oxygen gas in the liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92, causing the liquid oxygen to be quickly converted into gaseous oxygen, improving the oxygen supply efficiency to meet the oxygen demand of the diving bell body 1 at different operating depths. The liquid nitrogen heater 83, the liquid oxygen heater 93, the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16, and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 are all connected to the controller 18. The controller 18, as the intelligent control core, is used to manage the working status of the heaters and electromagnetic regulating valves in real time, ensuring that the gas supply and gas composition meet the requirements for safe breathing. The controller 18 adjusts the heating power of the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93, as well as the opening degree of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17, based on the operating depth. The operating depth is the main control parameter, which is automatically set by the controller 18 according to the current underwater environmental conditions, so that the ratio of helium, nitrogen and oxygen gases always meets the physiological needs of divers and the safety requirements of operation.

[0035] In some embodiments, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 may employ semiconductor refrigeration technology. Semiconductor refrigeration enables rapid response and precise temperature control during the heating process of liquid gas, and is particularly suitable for deep-water environments where high requirements are placed on the control of oxygen vaporization rate and temperature fluctuations. It has the advantages of fast response speed and high temperature control accuracy, allowing the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 to respond quickly under different operating conditions, improving the flexibility and accuracy of system temperature control. The liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 are the hot ends of the semiconductor refrigeration system. The hot ends of the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 are used to directly heat the liquid medium inside the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82 and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92, ensuring that the vaporization process is controllable and stable, and avoiding abnormal vaporization rates caused by uneven heating. The first cold end 84 of the liquid nitrogen heater 83 is located on the nitrogen outlet pipe 81, near the junction with the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82. The design of the first cold end 84 helps to create localized cooling at the nitrogen vaporization outlet, preventing the heated gas from flowing back into the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask 8 and causing abnormal liquid nitrogen vaporization. It also helps to reduce local pressure fluctuations at the outlet, reduce natural evaporation losses, extend liquid nitrogen storage time, improve gas source utilization, and enhance system safety and gas supply stability. The second cold end 94 of the liquid oxygen heater 93 is located on the oxygen outlet pipe 91, near the junction with the liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92. The arrangement of the second cold end 94 also facilitates localized temperature control at the oxygen outlet, preventing the vaporized oxygen generated by heating from interfering with the low-temperature balance inside the liquid oxygen Dewar flask 9, reducing natural evaporation losses, extending liquid oxygen storage time, and improving gas source utilization. The cold and hot ends are connected by a heat pipe. The heat pipe structure can efficiently conduct cold energy, realize the miniaturization and integration of the overall temperature control system, and improve the energy efficiency ratio of the gas conversion process and the long-term reliability of the system.

[0036] The breathing air supply pipe 11 is also equipped with an internal branch 19. The internal branch 19 extends from the breathing air supply pipe 11 to form an independent path, which can directly introduce vaporized nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body 1 for regulating the ambient gas inside the chamber. The internal branch 19 is used to replenish nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body 1. By replenishing nitrogen and / or oxygen through the internal branch 19, dynamic regulation of the ambient gas composition can be achieved inside the diving bell body 1. This not only addresses the natural consumption and leakage of gas inside the chamber, but also actively adjusts the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen levels inside the chamber according to the changing operating depth of the diving bell body 1. The body proportions are optimized to improve the pressure, density, and oxygen partial pressure inside the chamber, enhancing the adaptability and comfort of the diver's working environment. A sixth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 is installed on the branch 19 inside the bell. The sixth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 is used to control the amount and timing of air replenishment in the branch 19 inside the bell. It can work with the controller 18 to make a comprehensive judgment based on real-time environmental parameters such as working depth, oxygen partial pressure inside the chamber, and chamber pressure, and dynamically adjust the opening of the sixth electromagnetic regulating valve 20 so that the composition ratio of the gas in the internal environment of the diving bell body 1 always matches the physiological breathing needs under different water depth conditions, thereby further improving the intelligent control level of the diving bell gas system and the overall operational safety.

[0037] Please see Figure 3 In another embodiment, the present invention also discloses a gas supply method based on the above-described diving bell gas system. This gas supply method relies on the structural configuration of the diving bell body 1, the diving bell umbilical cord 2, the diver's umbilical cord 3, and the bell-mounted gas supply unit 4. It can flexibly switch gas sources and dynamically adjust gas composition under different operating conditions to ensure the diver's breathing safety, and includes the following steps:

[0038] S1, During normal operation of the diving bell body 1, breathing gas is supplied to the diver's umbilical cord 3 through the breathing gas pipeline 6 of the main umbilical cord 2; the main umbilical cord 2 serves as a regular air supply channel, stably delivering the breathing gas from the mother ship to the inside of the diving bell body 1, and then distributing it to each diver's umbilical cord 3 through the manifold 12, thus ensuring a continuous air supply for the operators.

[0039] S2, when the breathing air line 6 malfunctions or cannot supply air normally, it switches to the bell-mounted air supply unit 4, which supplies breathing gas to the diver's umbilical cord 3 through the breathing air supply line 10; the helium-oxygen cylinder 7 stored in the bell-mounted air supply unit 4 serves as an emergency gas source when the main umbilical cord 2 is abnormal, ensuring that the diver can still obtain high-pressure breathing gas after losing external air supply, thus improving the redundancy and safety of the system.

[0040] S3, based on the operating depth of the diving bell body 1, controls the breathing air supply pipe 11 to replenish nitrogen and / or oxygen respectively, so as to adjust the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratio of the breathing gas and generate a helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixture or a helium-oxygen mixture in other proportions for the operator to breathe; the breathing air supply pipe 11 dynamically adjusts the nitrogen and oxygen according to the actual operating depth through the vaporization output of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar bottle 9, thereby achieving precise control of gas density and oxygen partial pressure, meeting the physiological needs of divers in different water depth environments, reducing helium consumption, and improving operating efficiency and gas source utilization.

[0041] In step S3 of this embodiment, the process of replenishing nitrogen and / or oxygen includes heating the liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 82 and the liquid oxygen connecting pipe 92 through the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93, respectively. The liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 heat the liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen, causing them to rapidly vaporize into gaseous nitrogen and gaseous oxygen, improving the timeliness and response speed of gas supply, and promoting the vaporization of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen. The vaporized nitrogen and oxygen can be flexibly replenished according to the working depth requirements, improving the precision of gas composition control. The fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17 on the outlet pipes of the liquid nitrogen Dewar bottle 8 and the liquid oxygen Dewar bottle 9 are controlled to regulate the outlet flow rate. By controlling the opening of the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16 and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17, the nitrogen and oxygen replenishment rate can be precisely controlled to ensure that the composition of the breathing gas is balanced under different working environments and to meet the physiological needs of divers. Furthermore, in step S3, the operating depth is monitored in real time by the controller 18. The controller 18 continuously detects the current operating depth through a pressure sensor or depth measurement unit connected to the diving bell body 1. Based on the operating depth, the controller 18 automatically adjusts the amount of nitrogen and / or oxygen replenishment and the composition ratio of breathing gas. It automatically optimizes the ratio of helium, nitrogen, and oxygen mixed gas according to the water depth change pattern, avoiding frequent manual intervention and improving the system's automation level and the stability of the breathing environment.

[0042] It should be noted that steps S1, S2, and S3 are not executed in a fixed sequential order. During normal operation of the diving bell 1, i.e., in step S1, when the operating depth changes or the operational requirements necessitate adjustments to the breathing gas composition, step S3 can be executed directly based on real-time monitoring results. This involves controlling the breathing air supply pipe 11 to replenish nitrogen and / or oxygen, dynamically adjusting the helium, nitrogen, and oxygen ratio to generate a mixed gas suitable for the current operating environment, thereby ensuring the safety and comfort of the diver's breathing environment. The execution of step S3 is not contingent upon a malfunction or inability to supply air to the breathing air pipe 6; rather, it can be performed individually or continuously as needed even under normal air supply conditions. Therefore, steps S1 and S3 can be switched or executed in parallel to achieve real-time optimization of the breathing gas composition within the diving bell 1, improving the adaptability and safety of the entire diving operation system.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes step S4, in which the ratio of helium, nitrogen, and oxygen is dynamically changed during the decompression phase to adapt to the diver's breathing needs and prevent hyperbaric neurosis or oxygen poisoning. During the decompression process, the controller 18 adjusts the ratio of each gas according to the decompression curve. By gradually reducing the helium content and appropriately increasing the nitrogen or oxygen concentration, it prevents the diver from experiencing abnormal neurological reactions or oxygen poisoning due to improper decompression rate, thereby improving the overall safety and physiological adaptability of the decompression operation.

[0044] In this embodiment, the controller 18 can also communicate and link with the environmental monitoring system of the diving bell body 1. Based on a comprehensive judgment of environmental indicators such as oxygen partial pressure, carbon dioxide concentration, and humidity inside the chamber, it dynamically optimizes the composition ratio of breathing gases, achieving refined control and improving the comfort and health protection level of the diver's breathing environment. In specific application scenarios, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and the liquid oxygen heater 93 can also be set with multi-stage heating modes. By gradually increasing the temperature in stages, pressure fluctuations during the vaporization process are reduced, avoiding the impact of a large amount of gas released instantaneously on the gas path system, and ensuring a more stable and reliable system operation.

[0045] In summary, this invention discloses a diving bell gas system and its gas supply method. The gas system includes a diving bell body 1, a diving bell umbilical cord 2, a diver's umbilical cord 3, and a bell-mounted gas supply unit 4. By setting up helium-oxygen cylinders 7, liquid nitrogen Dewar flasks 8, and liquid oxygen Dewar flasks 9, and through the interconnected control of a breathing supply pipe 10, a breathing supplement pipe 11, and multiple electromagnetic regulating valves (including a first electromagnetic regulating valve 13, a second electromagnetic regulating valve 14, a third electromagnetic regulating valve 15, a fourth electromagnetic regulating valve 16, and a fifth electromagnetic regulating valve 17), the diving bell can operate at different depths. The system dynamically adjusts the composition of the breathing gas and can quickly switch to the bell-mounted air supply unit 4 when the main umbilical cord 2 supply is abnormal, ensuring the breathing safety of the operators. The air supply method includes using the breathing air pipeline 6 of the main umbilical cord 2 for air supply under normal circumstances, and switching to the breathing air supply pipeline 10 of the bell-mounted air supply unit 4 for air supply under abnormal circumstances. Nitrogen and / or oxygen are supplemented in real time according to the operating depth of the diving bell body 1. The ratio of helium, nitrogen and oxygen is dynamically adjusted through the breathing air supplement pipeline 11. Especially during the decompression phase, by changing the gas composition, it effectively prevents high-pressure neurosis and oxygen poisoning. Through the above technical solutions, the present invention can flexibly and reliably manage the gas supply source and gas composition throughout the entire diving bell operation process, which not only improves the continuity and safety of diving operations, but also optimizes the density and oxygen partial pressure matching of breathing gas, significantly reducing the physiological load and risks of divers; at the same time, by adopting semiconductor cooling hot-end technology, the liquid nitrogen heater 83 and liquid oxygen heater 93 are connected by heat pipes through the hot end and the first cold end 84 and the second cold end 94, which improves the response speed and energy utilization efficiency of the gas supply system and enhances the stability and adaptability of the system in extreme underwater environments.

[0046] This invention addresses the technical pain points of current mobile saturation diving systems, such as single air supply to the diving bell, delayed emergency response, and inability to dynamically adjust the composition of breathing gases. It proposes a complete and efficient solution that can significantly improve the safety and efficiency of deep-sea underwater operations. It has important implications and application value for the development of saturation diving, deep-sea rescue, underwater engineering, and other fields, and has broad prospects for promotion.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Under the concept of the present invention, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diving bell gas system for a diving bell, characterized in that The utility model relates to a kind of motorized saturation diving system, including diving bell body (1), diving bell umbilical (2), diver umbilical (3), clock load gas supply unit (4), the diving bell umbilical (2) is used for connecting mother ship and the diving bell body (1) in motorized saturation diving system, the diving bell umbilical (2) includes gas supply pipeline (5) and breathing gas pipeline (6), respectively provide high-pressure environment gas in diving bell body (1) and provide breathing gas for operating personnel;The clock load gas supply unit (4) includes helium-oxygen cylinder (7) and liquid nitrogen dewar (8) and liquid oxygen dewar (9), fixed proportion of high-pressure helium-oxygen mixed gas is deposited in the helium-oxygen cylinder (7), the gas outlet pipeline of multiple helium-oxygen cylinder (7) is connected to breathing gas supply pipe (10), the gas outlet pipeline of liquid nitrogen dewar (8) and liquid oxygen dewar (9) is connected to breathing gas supplement pipe (11), for adjusting supplementary nitrogen and / or oxygen based on the working depth of diving bell body (1), the breathing gas supply pipe (10) and breathing gas supplement pipe (11) are connected to the inlet end of busbar (12) after parallel convergence, the inlet end of busbar (12) is also connected with breathing gas pipeline (6), the outlet end of busbar (12) is connected multiple diver umbilical (3);First electromagnetic regulating valve (13) is arranged on breathing gas pipeline (6), second electromagnetic regulating valve (14) is arranged on breathing gas supply pipe (10), third electromagnetic regulating valve (15) is arranged on breathing gas supplement pipe (11), fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of liquid nitrogen dewar (8), fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) is arranged on the gas outlet pipeline of liquid oxygen dewar (9);Nitrogen gas outlet pipe (81) is arranged on the top of liquid nitrogen dewar (8), liquid nitrogen communication pipe (82) is extended upwards from the bottom, after convergence, the nitrogen gas outlet pipe (81) and liquid nitrogen communication pipe (82) are communicated with breathing gas supplement pipe (11) by the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16), oxygen gas outlet pipe (91) is arranged on the top of liquid oxygen dewar (9), liquid oxygen communication pipe (92) is extended upwards from the bottom, after convergence, the oxygen gas outlet pipe (91) and liquid oxygen communication pipe (92) are communicated with breathing gas supplement pipe (11) by the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17);Liquid nitrogen heater (83) is arranged on liquid nitrogen communication pipe (82), liquid oxygen heater (93) is arranged on liquid oxygen communication pipe (92), the liquid nitrogen heater (83), liquid oxygen heater (93), fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) and fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) are connected with controller (18), the controller (18) adjusts the heating power of liquid nitrogen heater (83) and liquid oxygen heater (93) and the opening of fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) and fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) based on operating depth.The liquid nitrogen heater (83) and the liquid oxygen heater (93) adopt semiconductor refrigeration, the liquid nitrogen heater (83) and the liquid oxygen heater (93) are the hot end of semiconductor refrigeration, the corresponding first cold end (84) of the liquid nitrogen heater (83) is arranged on the nitrogen gas outlet pipe (81) close to the confluence of the liquid nitrogen communication pipe (82), the corresponding second cold end (94) of the liquid oxygen heater (93) is arranged on the oxygen gas outlet pipe (91) close to the confluence of the liquid oxygen communication pipe (92), and the cold end and the hot end are connected through a heat pipe. The air supply method of the diving bell air system comprises the following steps: S1, during normal operation of the diving bell body (1), supplying breathing gas to the diver umbilical (3) through the breathing gas pipeline (6) of the diving bell umbilical (2); S2, when the breathing gas pipeline (6) fails or cannot supply air normally, switching to the bell-mounted air supply unit (4) to supply breathing gas to the diver umbilical (3) through the breathing gas pipeline (10); S3, according to the operating depth of the diving bell body (1), controlling the breathing gas pipeline (11) to supplement nitrogen and / or oxygen to adjust the helium, nitrogen and oxygen ratio of the breathing gas, generate helium-nitrogen-oxygen mixed gas or other proportion of helium-oxygen mixed gas for the operator to breathe; In step S3, the process of supplementing nitrogen and / or oxygen includes: the liquid nitrogen communication pipe (82) and the liquid oxygen communication pipe (92) are heated by the liquid nitrogen heater (83) and the liquid oxygen heater (93) respectively to promote the gasification of liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen, and the fourth electromagnetic regulating valve (16) and the fifth electromagnetic regulating valve (17) on the gas outlet pipeline of the liquid nitrogen Dewar flask (8) and the liquid oxygen Dewar flask (9) are controlled to adjust the gas outlet flow.

2. The diving bell gas system according to claim 1, characterized in that The breathing gas pipeline (11) is also provided with an in-bell branch (19), which is used to supplement nitrogen and / or oxygen into the diving bell body (1), and the in-bell branch (19) is provided with a sixth electromagnetic regulating valve (20).

3. The diving bell gas system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the operating depth is monitored in real time by the controller (18), and the controller (18) automatically adjusts the amount of nitrogen and / or oxygen supplement and the composition ratio of the breathing gas based on the operating depth.

4. The diving bell gas system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S4 is also included, in which the helium, nitrogen and oxygen ratio is dynamically changed in the decompression stage to adapt to the diver's breathing needs and prevent high pressure nervous syndrome or oxygen poisoning.

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