Method for reducing erosion and acidification and improving soil fertility by segment control on ridge side of slope farmland

Abstract

The application discloses a method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving soil fertility on the ridge side of slope farmland, and belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and comprises the following steps: obtaining a predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland; segmenting the slope farmland based on the position of the predicted erosion amount; obtaining a predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment in a future time period; obtaining a chemical modifier delivery amount of each slope farmland segment; obtaining a chemical modifier influence amount on the root depth of cultivable crops, and selecting a crop to be planted in each slope farmland segment; adjusting the ridge spacing of each slope farmland segment, and obtaining a ridge erosion amount of each slope farmland segment under the action of the planted crops; obtaining a cover crop on the ridge side, and planting corresponding crops on each slope farmland segment; and after the planted crops on the slope farmland segment are harvested, returning the straws to the field to improve the soil fertility. The method solves the problems of poor effect of controlling erosion and reducing acid and difficult improvement of soil fertility, thereby ensuring that the effect of controlling erosion and reducing acid of the slope farmland is improved, and then the soil fertility is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and in particular relates to a method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving soil fertility in slope cultivation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the local slope of the slope cultivation area, water and soil erosion problems are easy to occur. At the same time, due to the water body aggregation phenomenon and soil erosion in this area, the soil pH value in different areas will also deviate, that is, the pH value of the slope cultivation area is not suitable for crop cultivation, and the soil erosion is serious. The existence of these two problems will lead to the continuous decline of the application rate of the slope cultivation, and ultimately lead to the problem of increasing the erosion degree of the slope cultivation and the pH value not meeting the requirements of crop cultivation. In the current slope cultivation erosion control and acid reduction, the same method is often used for the whole area, and the specific method used is also based on the universal method. This method is easy to cause the method selected and the erosion control and acid reduction demand of the slope cultivation to be inconsistent, resulting in poor erosion control and acid reduction of the slope cultivation.

[0003] Therefore, how to establish a reasonable slope cultivation ridge side cultivation segmented erosion control and acid reduction method, and based on the effective erosion control and acid reduction to achieve the method of improving soil fertility, is a technical problem that needs to be solved by the person skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the specific erosion control and acid reduction method does not match the environment of the slope cultivation in the existing slope cultivation erosion control and acid reduction, and the erosion control and acid reduction effect of the slope cultivation is reduced, the present application provides a method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving soil fertility in slope cultivation ridge side cultivation, so as to provide a reasonable erosion control and acid reduction method, and based on the effective erosion control and acid reduction method to improve soil fertility. Specifically:

[0005] The method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving soil fertility in slope cultivation ridge side cultivation, the method comprises:

[0006] Based on the distribution environment information of the slope cultivation, the predicted erosion amount of the slope cultivation is obtained;

[0007] Based on the position of the slope cultivation where the predicted erosion amount is located, the slope cultivation is segmented to obtain the slope cultivation segment;

[0008] Based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope cultivation segment, the predicted pH value of each slope cultivation segment in the future time period is obtained;

[0009] Based on the predicted pH value of each slope cultivation segment, the chemical modifier delivery amount of each slope cultivation segment is obtained;

[0010] Based on the chemical modifier delivery amount of each slope field segment, the root depth influence amount of the chemical modifier on the cultivable crops is obtained, and the cultivable crops of each slope field segment are selected;

[0011] Based on the environmental requirement of the cultivable crops of each slope field segment, the ridge spacing of each slope field segment is adjusted, and the ridge erosion amount of each slope field segment under the action of the cultivable crops is obtained;

[0012] Based on the ridge erosion amount, the cover crops on the ridge sides are obtained, and the cultivable crops corresponding to each slope field segment are planted on each slope field segment;

[0013] After the cultivable crops on the slope field segment are harvested, straw returning is performed on the slope field to improve the soil fertility.

[0014] Optionally, based on the distributed environmental information of the slope field, the predicted erosion amount of the slope field is obtained, including:

[0015] The historical weather data of the region where the slope field is located is obtained to obtain the future precipitation of the region where the slope field is located;

[0016] The surface runoff data of the slope field is obtained to obtain the surface water flow of each region of the slope field under the action of the future precipitation;

[0017] The soil density and underground runoff of the slope field are obtained to obtain the predicted erosion amount of the slope field under the action of the surface water flow.

[0018] Optionally, based on the position of the slope field where the predicted erosion amount is located, the slope field is segmented to obtain the slope field segment, including:

[0019] The predicted erosion amount of all regions in the slope field is obtained to obtain all the predicted erosion amount values;

[0020] The predicted erosion amount values of all adjacent locations in the slope field are obtained, and the predicted erosion amount values of the adjacent locations are obtained;

[0021] Adjacent locations whose predicted erosion amount value deviation amount is not less than a preset deviation amount are obtained to delimit the regions with the same erosion parameters of the slope field;

[0022] Based on the regions with the same erosion parameters of the slope field, the slope field segment is obtained.

[0023] Optionally, based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope field segment, the predicted pH value of each slope field segment in a future time period is obtained, including:

[0024] Based on the predicted erosion amount, the soil stock of each slope field segment in a future time period is obtained;

[0025] obtaining a total amount of acid-base substance of each slope farmland segment based on the soil stock and future precipitation;

[0026] obtaining a predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment in a future time period based on the total amount of acid-base substance.

[0027] Optionally, the obtaining of the chemical amendment amount of each slope farmland segment based on the predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment comprises:

[0028] obtaining a pH adjustment amount of each slope farmland segment based on the predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment;

[0029] obtaining a type of chemical amendment based on the pH adjustment amount of each slope farmland segment;

[0030] obtaining a theoretical amount of chemical amendment based on the soil stock of each slope farmland segment in the future time period;

[0031] obtaining a soil loss amount of each slope farmland segment in the future time period based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope farmland segment;

[0032] obtaining a supplementary amount of chemical amendment based on the soil loss amount;

[0033] summing the theoretical amount of chemical amendment and the supplementary amount of chemical amendment to obtain the amount of chemical amendment of each slope farmland segment.

[0034] Optionally, the obtaining of the amount of chemical amendment of each slope farmland segment comprises:

[0035] obtaining a theoretical soil pH value of each slope farmland segment based on the amount of chemical amendment of each slope farmland segment;

[0036] obtaining a change amount of the theoretical soil pH value in a future time to form a corresponding relationship between the theoretical soil pH value at the future time and a future time point;

[0037] obtaining a root growth period of a plantable crop corresponding to the future time point based on the future time point;

[0038] obtaining a depth influence amount of the theoretical soil pH value at the future time on the root based on the root growth period and the theoretical soil pH value at the future time corresponding to the future time point;

[0039] obtaining a total amount of the depth influence amount of the root at the future time and a theoretical root depth of the plantable crop, and selecting the plantable crop of each slope farmland segment.

[0040] Optionally, before the selecting the plantable crops based on the root depth influence of the chemical amendment on the plantable crops, the method further comprises:

[0041] obtaining the plantable crops based on the distribution environment information of the slope farmland;

[0042] obtaining the erosion control operation importance degree based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope farmland segment;

[0043] obtaining the minimum root depth requirement of each slope farmland segment based on the erosion control operation importance degree;

[0044] obtaining the plantable crops whose root depth is not less than the minimum depth requirement under the predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland segment, to obtain the plantable crops.

[0045] Optionally, before the adjusting the ridge spacing of each slope farmland segment based on the environmental requirement of the planted crops, the method further comprises:

[0046] obtaining the growth environment requirement of the planted crops of each slope farmland segment, wherein the growth environment requirement comprises the ventilation amount between plants, the light requirement amount of the plants, the water requirement amount of the plants, and the root interval range of the plants;

[0047] adjusting the ridge spacing of each slope farmland segment and the adjacent slope farmland in parallel direction based on the growth environment requirement of the planted crops of each slope farmland segment;

[0048] obtaining the root distribution state of the planted crops in each slope farmland segment based on the ridge spacing;

[0049] obtaining the ridge erosion amount of each slope farmland segment under the planted crops based on the root distribution state.

[0050] Optionally, before the obtaining the cover crops on the ridge side based on the ridge erosion amount, the method further comprises:

[0051] obtaining the soil loss amount of the ridge based on the ridge erosion amount of each slope farmland segment;

[0052] obtaining the cover crops arranged between rows based on the soil loss amount of each ridge;

[0053] planting the cover crops between the rows of the main planted crops.

[0054] Optionally, after the crops planted in the slope field section are harvested, the straw is returned to the field to improve the soil fertility, comprising:

[0055] Based on the straw high stubble returning method, the crop straw for returning to the field is obtained, and the obtained crop straw is crushed;

[0056] The crushed straw and the ridge soil of each slope field section are uniformly mixed and tightly treated;

[0057] The mixture of the soil after tight treatment and the crushed straw is buried in the soil layer to complete the straw returning to the field.

[0058] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0059] 1. The rationality of the erosion control and acid reduction method is improved. In the technical solution of the present application, according to the environmental information and soil information of the slope field, the erosion amount of the slope field is obtained, and the cultivable crops in the slope field are also selected, so as to further determine the soil erosion amount after cultivation, and other supplementary anti-erosion technologies are set based on the erosion amount, so as to realize the rational treatment of the erosion control and acid reduction method.

[0060] 2. The erosion control and acid reduction and soil fertility improvement are realized at the same time. In the technical solution of the present application, through the application of the erosion control and acid reduction method, the appropriate selection and cultivation of the cultivated crops are realized in the process, in addition, after the cultivated crops are harvested, the straw returning to the field is realized to improve the soil fertility, in addition, through the erosion control and acid reduction method, the guarantee of the straw and crop yield is realized, so as to improve the soil fertility.

[0061] 3. The implementation effect of the erosion control and acid reduction work is improved. In the technical solution of the present application, for the specific application stage of the erosion control and acid reduction method, based on the erosion amount that can be generated in the future time and the soil environment information under the future erosion amount condition, the most reasonable cultivated crop is selected, at the same time, for the slope field region, based on the segmented erosion amount of the slope field, the slope field is processed in segments, and the corresponding cultivated crop is set for each slope field segment, after the cultivated crop is determined, the supplementary anti-erosion technology is further set, and the pH value is predicted based on the erosion amount, so as to realize the effective erosion control and acid reduction, and the erosion control and acid reduction effect can be improved in each year, so as to fully improve the erosion control and acid reduction effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art. Obviously, the following description is only some embodiments of the present application, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort based on these drawings are within the scope of the present application. The drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present disclosure together with the following detailed embodiments, but do not constitute a limitation on the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 A process flow diagram of the method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving land productivity by segmenting and cultivating on the ridge side of slope farmland is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] Figure 2 A slope farmland segmentation schematic diagram of the method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving land productivity by segmenting and cultivating on the ridge side of slope farmland is provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0065] Figure 3 A straw field returning cutting surface schematic diagram of the method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving land productivity by segmenting and cultivating on the ridge side of slope farmland is provided for the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of the present application. In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects, not necessarily to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0067] The slope farmland region is relatively complex. When natural precipitation occurs, rainwater will flow in the slope farmland region. This situation can easily lead to water and soil loss problems, further increase the amount of soil erosion, and the pH value of the soil cannot meet the requirements of crop growth. In addition, in the slope farmland region, soil erosion problems are more likely to occur, which leads to the region being more barren, resulting in low land productivity of the slope farmland. In the current treatment of slope farmland, some methods for controlling erosion and reducing acid have been developed, mainly focusing on setting barriers, reasonably applying fertilizers, crop rotation, etc. However, in the application of these methods, the erosion and acid reduction treatment is based on the entire slope farmland, which means that the used method cannot be adapted to all regions in some areas of the slope farmland, leading to uneven distribution of erosion and acid reduction effect in the slope farmland, especially in large areas of slope farmland.

[0068] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the application discloses a method for segmenting and controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving land quality on the ridge side of slope farmland, in particular to

[0069] S110, based on the distribution environment information of the slope farmland, the predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland is obtained.

[0070] S120, based on the position of the slope farmland where the predicted erosion amount is located, the slope farmland is segmented to obtain the slope farmland segment.

[0071] S130, based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope farmland segment, the predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment in the future time period is obtained.

[0072] S140, based on the predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment, the chemical modifier delivery amount of each slope farmland segment is obtained.

[0073] S150, based on the chemical modifier delivery amount of each slope farmland segment, the root depth influence amount of the chemical modifier on the plantable crops is obtained, and the plantable crops of each slope farmland segment are selected.

[0074] S160, based on the environmental requirements of the plantable crops of each slope farmland segment, the ridge spacing of each slope farmland segment is adjusted, and the ridge erosion amount of each slope farmland segment under the action of the plantable crops is obtained.

[0075] S170, based on the ridge erosion amount, the covering crops on the ridge side are obtained, and planting is performed on each slope farmland segment.

[0076] S180, after the plantable crops on the slope farmland segment are harvested, straw returning is performed on the slope farmland to improve the land quality.

[0077] The beneficial effects of steps S110-S180 are that by analyzing the specific area where the slope farmland is located, the erosion amount of different areas is determined, the chemical modifier and the plantable crops are determined based on the obtained erosion amount and pH value, and planting is performed, and the root data of the plantable crops are further added to the erosion prevention method, thereby effectively controlling erosion and reducing acid, and after the plantable crops are harvested, straw returning is performed to improve the land quality.

[0078] In the following, the specific content of all the steps will be specifically described, in particular:

[0079] As described in step S110, the purpose of this step is that for the segmentation process of the slope farmland, the erosion amount of the slope farmland and the pH value of the soil are jointly affected by the natural environment and the land environment, therefore, in order to realize the demarcation of the slope farmland segment, the distribution environment information needs to be determined to obtain the predicted erosion amount of different segments in the slope farmland. In particular:

[0080] S111, obtain historical weather data of the region where the slope farmland is located to obtain future precipitation of the region where the slope farmland is located.

[0081] The purpose of this step is that for the slope farmland, the precipitation data will fundamentally determine the water and soil loss parameters of the slope farmland region, and the water and soil loss data will fundamentally determine the erosion amount, so it is obviously necessary to determine the precipitation, so as to lay the analysis foundation for predicting the erosion amount in the subsequent processing.

[0082] Among them, the historical weather data of the region where the slope farmland is located is obtained, and the precipitation data in the historical weather data is obtained.

[0083] Among them, the precipitation amount data and the precipitation concentration time in the precipitation data are obtained.

[0084] Among them, based on the obtained precipitation amount data and precipitation concentration time, the existing precipitation concentration time in the growth period of the corresponding crop that can be cultivated in the slope farmland is obtained.

[0085] Among them, after determining the precipitation concentration time in the growth period of the cultivated crop, the precipitation amount data of each precipitation concentration time point is determined. For example, the time from planting to harvesting of the crop in the slope farmland is from early April to mid-October every year, and further analysis shows that the main concentration time of precipitation is early May, mid-June and mid-July, and the precipitation amount corresponding to the three main concentration times is determined respectively.

[0086] S112, obtain surface runoff data of the slope farmland to obtain surface water flow of each region of the slope farmland under the action of the future precipitation.

[0087] The purpose of this step is that after precipitation occurs in the slope farmland region, the surface runoff of the slope farmland will guide the flow direction of the rainwater, and the water flow data will directly affect the erosion amount and the pH value of the soil, so the water flow is obtained based on the surface runoff data.

[0088] Among them, the surface runoff of the slope farmland has two kinds, one is the surface runoff that already exists and is difficult to completely fill, and the other is the implicit surface runoff. The so-called implicit surface runoff refers to the surface runoff generated under the scouring of rainwater during precipitation.

[0089] Among them, for the implicit surface runoff, the soil porosity and the aggregation area of soil pores in different regions of the slope farmland region need to be obtained. When the soil porosity and / or the soil pore amount is obviously higher than that of the adjacent region, the site is obviously part of the implicit surface runoff, and based on this idea, the entire drainage basin of the implicit surface runoff is obtained.

[0090] The width and depth of the surface runoff are obtained to obtain the amount of water resources that can be delivered in the surface runoff, so as to determine the surface water flow of each region in the region passed by the entire surface runoff.

[0091] S113, obtaining the soil density and the underground runoff of the slope farmland to obtain the predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland under the action of the surface water flow.

[0092] The purpose of this step is to obtain the soil density and the underground runoff of the slope farmland region to analyze the infiltration amount of the surface water into the soil, so as to obtain the predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland.

[0093] The soil density of the slope farmland and the soil density at different soil depths are obtained to obtain the infiltration amount of the rainwater.

[0094] At present, the relationship between the infiltration amount of the rainwater and the soil density has been researched, that is, the prior art, and therefore is not limited here.

[0095] The underground runoff distribution of the slope farmland region is obtained, and the flow range of the water resources in the underground runoff is obtained based on the underground runoff.

[0096] The obtained soil density and underground runoff are used to obtain the total amount of infiltrated water resources in each region of the slope farmland.

[0097] The historical record data of the water and soil resource loss amount of each region of the slope farmland and the total amount of infiltrated water resources are obtained to establish a corresponding relationship.

[0098] In some embodiments, a relationship equation between the predicted erosion amount and all factors such as soil density, underground runoff, surface water flow, underground runoff, etc. is obtained, and the equation is applied to the subsequent prediction process of the segmented erosion amount.

[0099] The beneficial effect of step S110 is that the natural environment and land environment of the region where the slope farmland is located are determined to obtain the predicted erosion amount of each region in the slope farmland in future time.

[0100] As described in step S120, the purpose of this step is to improve the erosion control and acid reduction effect of the slope farmland by segmenting the slope farmland and using different methods for erosion control and acid reduction treatment in each segment, so this step is to segment the slope farmland. Specifically:

[0101] S121, obtaining the predicted erosion amount of all regions of the slope farmland to obtain all the predicted erosion amount values.

[0102] The purpose of this step is to determine the predicted erosion amount of all areas in the slope farmland area, and then the segmentation can be performed after obtaining the data.

[0103] The data calculation points of the predicted erosion amount are uniformly set in the area where the slope farmland is located.

[0104] The predicted erosion amount values of all areas in the slope farmland area are obtained, and are corresponded to the set data calculation points.

[0105] In order to ensure the processing accuracy of the slope farmland segmentation, the number and spacing of the data calculation points need to be reasonably set.

[0106] S122, obtaining the predicted erosion amount values of all adjacent locations in the slope farmland, and obtaining the predicted erosion amount values of the adjacent locations.

[0107] The purpose of this step is to obtain the slope farmland segmentation in the slope farmland, and the deviation amount of the adjacent data calculation points can be determined based on the predicted erosion amount data, and the slope farmland segmentation can be determined based on the data.

[0108] For the so-called adjacent locations, they are actually not the data calculation points mentioned in S121.

[0109] All data calculation points in the adjacent state are obtained.

[0110] After obtaining the data calculation points in the adjacent state, the corresponding predicted erosion amount of each data calculation point also needs to be obtained.

[0111] S123, obtaining the adjacent locations whose predicted erosion amount value deviation amount is not less than the preset deviation amount, to demarcate the areas with the same erosion parameters of the slope farmland.

[0112] The purpose of this step is to obtain the deviation amount of the predicted erosion amount values between adjacent locations after obtaining the predicted erosion amount of each location on the slope farmland, to determine the areas in the slope farmland that are in the same erosion parameter state.

[0113] The predicted erosion amount corresponding to all locations with adjacent relationship is obtained, and the deviation amount is obtained.

[0114] For the obtained locations with adjacent relationship, the obtained deviation amount only judges the adjacent locations in the vertical and horizontal directions, i.e. a location is taken as the center, and the four locations around it are taken as the adjacent locations, instead of the eight locations around it, based on this method, the analysis efficiency can be improved.

[0115] Wherein, it is needed to determine all repeated adjacent location combinations between locations with adjacent relationship, so as to avoid repeated operation.

[0116] Wherein, for the determination of the preset erosion amount, it can be determined based on the experience of technical experts.

[0117] In some embodiments, for the determination of the preset erosion amount, the mean value of the deviation amount of the predicted erosion amount of all adjacent locations in the entire region can be applied as the preset deviation amount.

[0118] Wherein, for all locations with adjacent relationship and the deviation amount of the predicted erosion amount of adjacent locations is not less than the preset deviation, these locations with adjacent relationship can be set in the same region, so as to obtain the region with the same slope farmland erosion parameter.

[0119] S124, based on the region with the same slope farmland erosion parameter, obtaining the slope farmland section.

[0120] The purpose of this step is to obtain the slope farmland section after obtaining the region with the same erosion parameter.

[0121] Wherein, for the obtained region with the same erosion parameter, the overall distribution state of such region is used to divide the slope farmland section.

[0122] Wherein, for the division process of the slope farmland section, it is needed to determine the determination of the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0123] Wherein, for the obtained division in the horizontal direction, it is needed to determine the length of the ridge in the horizontal direction based on the region with the same slope farmland erosion parameter, and the length of the ridge in the horizontal direction is directly determined according to the boundary of the two regions.

[0124] Wherein, for the obtained division in the vertical direction, it is obviously also needed to determine the boundary in the upward and downward directions, and also to determine the spacing of the ridge according to the demand of the crop type usually planted in the region for space and nutrients, so as to realize the section in the vertical direction.

[0125] Wherein, after the determination of the ridge in the horizontal and vertical directions, the slope farmland section can be established. Figure 2As shown, the slope field segmentation diagram provided by the slope field ridge side cultivation segmentation erosion control and acid reduction and soil improvement method of the present application is shown, wherein the entire area is a slope field area, and all circular areas are data calculation points for predicting erosion amount. In the dashed line area, the predicted erosion amount of all calculation points, i.e. these locations, is the same, while the erosion amount in this area and other areas is different. A segmentation line is formed between two locations with a deviation amount not less than a preset deviation amount, and all segmentation lines are connected to form a slope field area. As for segmentation, the locations in the same area in the horizontal direction are directly set as the same slope field segment, and at this time, the so-called slope field segment can be regarded as the ridge body of the slope field area.

[0126] The beneficial effect of step S120 is that the slope field is divided as a whole based on the determination of the predicted erosion amount of the slope field, so that the segmentation processing of the slope field can be performed according to the division result that can be obtained, and then the segmented confidence can be better selected for planting crops based on the obtained segmentation confidence.

[0127] As described in step S130, the purpose of this step is to determine the predicted acid-base degree in the slope field area, which is used for analyzing the subsequent acid reduction method, if the slope field is eroded, the soil pH value in the slope field area will also change to a certain extent, that is, a certain change needs to be obtained.

[0128] S131, based on the predicted erosion amount, the soil storage of each slope field segment in the future time period is obtained.

[0129] The purpose of this step is to obtain the soil storage of each region on the slope field in the future time period, and based on the obtained soil storage, the water resources and soil amount in each region can be directly obtained, and then the total amount of acid-base substances can be directly obtained based on the soil storage, so as to determine the acid-base degree.

[0130] Wherein, the surface runoff distribution of each region on the slope field and the flow of water resources are obtained, so as to determine the soil change amount of each region on the slope field during rainfall.

[0131] Wherein, the soil accumulation amount of each region on the slope field is determined to determine the accumulation location of soil and rainfall in each region.

[0132] Wherein, the soil and water loss amount of each region on the slope field and the soil content of each region on the slope can be directly obtained based on historical data, and the obtained measurement result is directly used as the soil storage value.

[0133] Wherein, the soil storage equation for different positions can be established, and finally the land storage of the slope field segment is directly determined. The soil storage calculation equation of the slope field segment is:

[0134] ;

[0135] wherein, S i represents the soil stock of the i th slope farmland section; S （i-1）n represents the soil transferred from the i th slope farmland section to the i th erosion point of the n th slope farmland section; S （i+1）n represents the soil transferred from the i th erosion point of the n th slope farmland section to the downhill area; n represents the index of the erosion point in the i th slope farmland; m represents the total index of the erosion point in the i th slope farmland.

[0136] S132, based on the soil stock and the future rainfall, obtaining the total amount of acid-base substance in each slope farmland section.

[0137] The purpose of this step is that by obtaining the soil stock and the future rainfall, the total amount of acid-base substance in each slope farmland section can be better obtained, so that the predicted pH value of each slope farmland can be obtained based on this parameter.

[0138] wherein, for the slope farmland area, the proportion of acid-base substance in each slope farmland section also needs to be determined, so as to determine the amount of acid-base substance transferred from the uphill area to each slope farmland section.

[0139] wherein, based on the future rainfall, the content of acid-base substance in the rainwater is also obtained synchronously, and then based on this method, the total amount of acid-base substance in each slope farmland section is determined.

[0140] wherein, in the determination of the total amount of acid-base substance, it can be determined according to the following equation:

[0141] ;

[0142] wherein, i = q+ 1 means that there are i th slope farmland section; q th slope farmland section in the uphill area of the A i represents the total amount of acid-base substance of the i th slope farmland section; R p represents the total amount of acid-base substance of the iThe first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first p The proportion of acid-base substances in the soil of the first S p The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first i The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first p The soil amount transferred from the first i The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first p The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first i The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first q The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first i The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first a i The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first i The first acid-base substance in the uphill area of the first

[0143] S133, based on the total amount of acid-base substances, obtaining the predicted acidity of each slope field segment in the future time period.

[0144] The purpose of this step is to determine the acidity of the slope field segment after determining the total amount of acid-base substances in each slope field segment, so that the subsequent acid reduction method can be determined based on the acidity.

[0145] Wherein, after determining the total amount of acid-base substances, the soil stock and water content in the slope field segment are determined;

[0146] Wherein, after determining the total amount of acid-base substances, the predicted acidity of each slope field segment can be calculated based on the current research results, which is not limited by the present application.

[0147] The beneficial effect of step S130 is to accurately predict the total amount of acid-base substances in the soil in the future time based on the determination of the amount of precipitation in the future time and the soil content of each slope field segment, so as to determine the predicted acidity of each slope field segment.

[0148] As described in step S140, the purpose of this step is to simultaneously achieve the requirements of erosion control and acid reduction for slope field, wherein the erosion control process fully utilizes the consolidation ability of the root system of the planted crops to the soil, and in order to ensure the root system ability, the acidity of the soil needs to be reasonably adjusted, that is, the acid reduction treatment needs to be performed first. The purpose of this step is to perform acid reduction treatment based on the obtained soil acidity based on chemical modifiers. Specifically:

[0149] S141, based on the predicted acidity of each slope field segment, obtaining the acidity adjustment amount of each slope field segment.

[0150] The purpose of this step is to obtain the pH adjustment amount of the slope field segment in the future time period after determining the predicted pH, so that the determination of other parameters can be based on this adjustment amount parameter.

[0151] Wherein, for the location of the slope field, the type of crop that can be planted in the slope field is obtained.

[0152] Wherein, based on the type of crop that can be planted, the overall requirement of the crop for the pH of the soil is obtained.

[0153] Wherein, the so-called overall requirement refers to the minimum requirement for pH that can be obtained in each type of planted crop.

[0154] S142, based on the pH adjustment amount of each slope field segment, the type of chemical modifier is obtained.

[0155] The purpose of this step is to obtain the pH adjustment amount of each slope field segment, and determine the type of chemical modifier, so that it can be used for soil pH adjustment.

[0156] Wherein, for the adjustment of the pH of the soil, the concentration of the slope field segment obtained based on the prediction is obtained, and the minimum requirement of the pH of the planted crop is determined, and the pH adjustment amount of each slope field segment is determined.

[0157] Wherein, the reason for determining the pH adjustment amount of each slope field segment is that in a large area of slope field, due to the difference in parameters such as water and soil conditions, previous crop type, etc., the soil pH in each region will inevitably be different, so it is necessary to determine the pH adjustment amount of each slope field.

[0158] Wherein, for the determination of the type of chemical modifier, it is necessary to determine the size of the pH adjustment amount, and common chemical modifiers include lime, wood ash, etc. The greater the pH adjustment amount, the higher the pH of the selected chemical modifier, so that the pH adjustment of the slope field segment in the short term can be realized.

[0159] S143, based on the soil stock of each slope field segment in the future time period, the theoretical amount of chemical modifier is obtained.

[0160] The purpose of this step is to determine the amount of chemical modifier after obtaining the type of chemical modifier, especially for a large range of slope field, to determine the theoretical amount of chemical modifier of each slope field segment in each time period.

[0161] Wherein, the soil stock of each slope field segment in the future time period is obtained.

[0162] Wherein, the soil stock is determined in the same way as the method mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0163] Wherein, after obtaining the soil stock, the soil stock and the total amount of soil in the initial state are obtained, and the soil loss amount is obtained.

[0164] Wherein, the soil loss amount and the pH adjustment amount are obtained simultaneously, and the reduction amount of the acid-base substance required to be adjusted in each slope field segment.

[0165] Wherein, according to the obtained reduction amount of the acid-base substance, the theoretical amount of the chemical modifier is obtained.

[0166] S144, based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope field segment, the soil loss amount of each slope field segment in the future time period is obtained.

[0167] The purpose of this step is to consider that the technical solution of the present application is to determine the amount of the whole slope field segment, so it is necessary to determine the soil loss amount and obtain the additional amount of the chemical modifier.

[0168] Wherein, it can be determined according to the soil equation mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0169] In some embodiments, the soil loss amount of each slope field segment can be directly based on historical data, and can be directly used.

[0170] S145, based on the soil loss amount, the additional amount of the chemical modifier is obtained.

[0171] The purpose of this step is that after the soil loss amount is determined, the total amount of soil required to be supplemented in the slope field segment can be directly obtained based on the loss amount, so that the total amount of acid-base substance in the soil is determined according to the total amount of soil, and the additional amount of the chemical modifier is determined.

[0172] Wherein, the soil loss amount is obtained, and then the total amount of soil required to be supplemented in the slope field segment in the future time period is determined, and the obtained additional amount and the soil loss amount data are the same.

[0173] Wherein, the total amount of acid-base substance in the supplemented soil and the amount of pH adjustment required are obtained, so that the additional amount of the chemical modifier is obtained.

[0174] Wherein, in the determination of the additional amount, it is necessary to ensure that the additional amount can ensure that the supplemented soil after the treatment of the chemical modifier has the same pH data as the pH data of the slope field segment.

[0175] S146, sum the theoretical application amount and the supplementary application amount of the chemical amendment to obtain the application amount of the chemical amendment for each slope field segment.

[0176] The purpose of this step is to determine the application amount of the chemical amendment in all slope field segments to achieve the adjustment of the soil pH value.

[0177] Wherein, after the theoretical application amount and the supplementary application amount are determined, the two application amounts are summed to obtain the application amount of the chemical amendment for each slope field segment.

[0178] Wherein, the application amount of the chemical amendment in each slope field segment needs to be calculated respectively.

[0179] The beneficial effect of step S140 is that, in the process of determining the application amount of the chemical amendment, not only the current soil stock is used to determine the application amount of the chemical amendment, but also the soil needed to be filled in the determined slope field segment is determined, and the application amount of the supplementary chemical amendment is determined based on the stock of the soil to obtain the total application amount of the chemical amendment, which fully improves the reliability of the calculation result of the chemical amendment.

[0180] As described in step S150, the purpose of this step is to select the crops for planting based on the soil pH value in each slope field segment after the application of the chemical amendment, so as to ensure the erosion control effect. Specifically:

[0181] S151, based on the application amount of the chemical amendment for each slope field segment, obtain the theoretical soil pH value in each slope field segment.

[0182] The purpose of this step is to determine the soil pH value in each slope field segment after the application of the chemical amendment, so as to select the crops for planting based on the obtained result.

[0183] Wherein, the obtained application amount of the chemical amendment is used to determine the theoretical soil pH value in each slope field segment.

[0184] In some embodiments, the application amount of the chemical amendment in different time periods is obtained to determine the theoretical soil pH value in different time periods.

[0185] Wherein, the soil theoretical pH value in each slope field segment is determined according to the obtained soil theoretical pH value.

[0186] S152, obtain the change amount of the soil theoretical pH value in the future time in the soil to form a corresponding relationship between the soil theoretical pH value in the future time and the future time point.

[0187] The purpose of this step is to consider that the growth rate and growth amount of the root system of the planted crop are different in different growth periods during the growth process, and therefore the overall parameters of the root system need to be obtained based on the obtained theoretical soil pH value in the future time and based on this parameter.

[0188] Among them, the soil theoretical pH value data in each time period in the future is obtained.

[0189] Among them, the soil theoretical pH value and the time parameter are associated.

[0190] Among them, the influence of precipitation on the soil theoretical pH value in the future time period can be obtained based on the historical weather data, so as to further establish the corresponding relationship between time and soil theoretical pH value.

[0191] S153, based on the future time point, the root system growth period of the plantable crop corresponding to the future time point is obtained.

[0192] The purpose of this step is to correspond the future time point information and the root system growth time of the plantable crop after the future time point has been set.

[0193] Among them, the root system growth period in different time periods such as seedling stage, tillering stage, etc. during the growth of the plantable crop is obtained.

[0194] Among them, the growth rate, growth depth and other factors of the root system of the plantable crop in the future time point during the growth process are obtained.

[0195] S154, based on the root system growth period and the soil theoretical pH value of the future time corresponding to the future time point, the influence amount of the soil theoretical pH value of the future time on the depth of the root system is obtained.

[0196] The purpose of this step is to directly predict the root system growth parameters in the future time when the root system growth period and the soil theoretical pH value in the future time are obtained.

[0197] Among them, the root system growth period in the future time point is obtained to obtain the requirements for pH value in these root system growth periods.

[0198] Among them, after obtaining the soil pH value in the future time period, the influence of the parameter on the root system growth process of the plantable crop is determined.

[0199] Among them, according to the soil pH value corresponding to the future time point, the total amount of root system growth in this time period can be directly determined.

[0200] Wherein, all the growth time of the root system of the plantable crop is obtained, and then the total root depth influence amount of the plantable crop is obtained according to the parameter.

[0201] S155, the total sum of the root depth influence amount of the future time and the theoretical root depth of the plantable crop are obtained, and the plantable crop of each slope farmland segment is selected.

[0202] The purpose of this step is to determine the plantable crop according to the specific parameters of the land during the selection of the plantable crop, so as to obtain the plantable crop of each slope farmland segment according to the root depth parameter.

[0203] Wherein, after obtaining the root depth influence amount of each future time period under the condition of the theoretical soil pH value, the total root depth influence amount can be obtained.

[0204] Wherein, after obtaining the total root depth influence amount, the total root depth parameter of the plantable crop is obtained, and the difference between the two is obtained to obtain the root depth of the plantable crop under the condition of the theoretical pH value.

[0205] Wherein, during the selection of the root depth, the plantable crop of the slope farmland segment is selected according to the requirement of the crop root system during the current erosion control and acid reduction process of the slope farmland.

[0206] Wherein, during the specific selection of the plantable crop, the erosion control and acid reduction requirement of the current or next planting time is determined according to the current erosion control and acid reduction requirement to select the root depth.

[0207] Wherein, after the root depth is determined, the root depth of the plantable crop based on the root depth influence amount is selected based on the parameter to select the plantable crop of each slope farmland segment.

[0208] The beneficial effect of step S150 is that by predicting the soil theoretical pH value in different time periods, the root depth influence amount of the plantable crop in the next period of time is analyzed, so as to determine the theoretical root depth of the plantable crop, and then based on the parameter, the depth requirement of the plant for the plant root of the slope farmland segment is selected to select the plantable crop of each slope farmland segment.

[0209] However, in step S150, it is necessary to determine the plantable crop, and then select the plantable crop of each slope farmland segment, so in the process, the plantable crop needs to be selected. Specifically:

[0210] S151, based on the distribution environment information of the slope farmland, the plantable crop of the slope farmland area is obtained.

[0211] The purpose of this step is to obtain all the cultivated crops in the selection of cultivable crops, so as to perform crop screening.

[0212] In this step, the distribution environment information of the slope land is obtained to obtain the slope land productivity and natural environment of the region.

[0213] In this step, the distribution environment information of the slope land is obtained to obtain the slope land productivity and natural environment of the region.

[0214] In this step, the distribution environment information of the slope land is obtained to obtain the slope land productivity and natural environment of the region.

[0215] S15 (2), based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope land segment, obtain the control operation importance degree.

[0216] The purpose of this step is to determine the predicted erosion amount of each slope land segment, so as to determine the control operation importance degree according to this parameter.

[0217] In this step, the predicted erosion amount of each slope land segment is determined, which can be determined by the equation mentioned above.

[0218] In this step, the predicted erosion amount of each slope land segment is determined, which can be determined by the equation mentioned above.

[0219] S15 (3), based on the control operation importance degree, obtain the minimum root depth requirement in each slope land segment.

[0220] The purpose of this step is to obtain the minimum root depth requirement after obtaining the control operation importance degree, and then the cultivable crops can be selected based on this parameter.

[0221] In this step, the importance of the control operation in the current slope land region is selected according to the control operation importance degree, and the root depth requirement is directly determined based on the importance.

[0222] In this step, the minimum root depth requirement in each slope land segment is determined for the obtained root depth requirement.

[0223] S15 (4), obtain the cultivable crops that can be cultivated in the slope land segment under the predicted erosion amount, and the root depth of the cultivable crops is not less than the minimum depth requirement, to obtain the cultivable crops.

[0224] The purpose of this step is to select the cultivable crops from the minimum root depth requirement of each slope land segment.

[0225] wherein the root depth of the crop is determined.

[0226] wherein the predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland section is obtained to analyze the root depth of the crop under the predicted erosion amount.

[0227] wherein the obtained root depth and the minimum depth requirement are compared to obtain a comparison result.

[0228] wherein the root depth is required to be not less than the minimum depth requirement, and then the crop corresponding to the root depth not less than the minimum depth requirement is selected as the crop that can be planted.

[0229] As described in step S160, the purpose of this step is to determine the erosion amount of the slope farmland section after the crop is planted, and the amount of soil loss is generated during the rainfall, and the crop planted in each slope farmland section is determined, so that the optimal growth environment of the planted crop is adjusted to improve the root depth, and the ridge erosion amount is determined to supplement other erosion control methods. Specifically:

[0230] S161, obtaining the growth environment requirement of the planted crop in each slope farmland section, the growth environment requirement including the ventilation amount between plants, the light requirement amount of the plants, the water requirement amount of the plants, and the root interval range of the plants.

[0231] The purpose of this step is to determine the growth environment requirement of the crop after the crop is determined in each slope farmland section, so that other parameters can be better adjusted according to the requirement parameters.

[0232] wherein after the crop is determined in each slope farmland section, the growth environment requirement of the planted crop in the growth process is determined directly according to the habit of the planted crop.

[0233] wherein in the determination of the growth environment requirement parameters, the habit is mainly determined, including the ventilation amount between plants, the light requirement amount of the plants, the water requirement amount of the plants, and the root interval range of the plants.

[0234] wherein for all the above parameters, the minimum distance between adjacent plants is obtained, which can determine the planting distance between the crops planted in each slope farmland section.

[0235] S162, based on the growth environment requirement of the planted crop in each slope farmland section, adjusting the ridge distance between each slope farmland section and the adjacent slope farmland in the parallel direction.

[0236] The purpose of this step is, after determining the growth environment requirement of the planted crop in each slope field segment, then the ridge spacing of the adjacent slope field can be determined based on this parameter to ensure the planted crop on the ridge of the slope field can grow well.

[0237] Wherein, after determining the growth environment requirement of the planted crop in each slope field segment, the minimum spacing between adjacent plants is obtained.

[0238] Wherein, after determining the minimum spacing between plants, the ridge spacing on the slope field is adjusted, and the ridge is constructed.

[0239] S163, based on the ridge spacing, the root distribution state of the planted crop in each slope field segment is obtained.

[0240] The purpose of this step is, after determining the ridge spacing, the root distribution state of the planted crop in each slope field segment can be predicted, and then based on this data, the ridge erosion amount can be analyzed.

[0241] Wherein, according to the obtained ridge spacing, the root depth and distribution range in the soil in each slope field segment are directly obtained.

[0242] Wherein, for the obtained root distribution state, it can be determined according to the habit of the planted crop.

[0243] In some embodiments, the theoretical root depth of the planted crop in each selected slope field segment is also determined to obtain the root distribution state.

[0244] Wherein, after obtaining the ridge, the distribution state of the root in the ridge under the condition of using this depth is also analyzed, that is, the overall distribution of the root in the ridge is determined.

[0245] Wherein, after determining the distribution state of the root in the ridge, the soil area on the ridge that is not consolidated by the root can be determined.

[0246] S164, based on the root distribution state, the ridge erosion amount of each slope field segment under the action of the planted crop is obtained.

[0247] The purpose of this step is, after determining the root distribution state, then according to this information, the ridge erosion amount that each slope field segment can produce in the cultivation process of the planted crop is obtained.

[0248] Wherein, according to the root distribution state, the position of the root in the ridge is obtained.

[0249] Wherein, after determining the root distribution state, the area in the ridge that is not distributed with the root is determined.

[0250] The area in the ridge where the root system is not distributed is directly identified as the area in the ridge that will be eroded, and the soil content of the area is the ridge erosion amount.

[0251] The beneficial effect of step S160 is that, in determining the ridge erosion amount, the range of the root system distribution of the cultivated crops and the area of the soil in the ridge that is not consolidated by the root system are determined, and the area is regarded as an area that can be completely eroded. The soil amount of the area is determined, and the soil amount is directly determined as the ridge erosion amount.

[0252] As described in step S170, the purpose of the step is that one of the technical purposes of the present application is to improve the efficiency of the erosion control and acid reduction treatment of the slope farmland to the maximum extent. Therefore, in the specific treatment, the erosion amount is further analyzed, and based on the size of the erosion amount, a supplemental anti-erosion technology is arranged in the slope farmland section, so as to improve the implementation level of the erosion control technology. Specifically:

[0253] S171, based on the ridge erosion amount of each of the slope farmland sections, the soil loss amount of the ridge is obtained.

[0254] The purpose of the step is that for the slope farmland, the main problem caused by the erosion amount generated is soil loss. Therefore, in the specific treatment process, the soil loss amount generated in the slope farmland section is determined based on the ridge erosion amount, and the data can be used to select a supplemental anti-erosion technology.

[0255] The ridge erosion amount obtained is directly set as the soil loss amount.

[0256] The soil loss amount obtained is established as a soil loss amount grade corresponding to the soil loss amount.

[0257] The ridge erosion amount obtained is used to obtain the soil consolidation degree in the ridge and the distribution area of the root system, so as to determine the soil loss amount of the ridge.

[0258] In some embodiments, for the soil loss amount of the ridge, the precipitation data of the area where the slope farmland is located is also determined, and then the water and soil loss amount generated during precipitation can be determined according to the determined precipitation data.

[0259] S172, based on the soil loss amount of each of the ridges, a cover crop arranged between rows is obtained.

[0260] The purpose of the step is that after the soil loss amount is determined, the anti-erosion technology that can be used is selected according to the size of the parameter, which plays a further consolidation role for the soil, so as to further reduce the erosion amount of the slope farmland section.

[0261] The erosion amount generated therein and the importance degree set are determined to determine the corresponding anti-erosion level.

[0262] According to the obtained anti-erosion level, the corresponding anti-erosion technology is selected.

[0263] In the slope farmland region, the ridge is located on the slope, so in this case, the water and soil loss amount of the uphill direction of the ridge is small, and the water and soil loss amount of the downhill direction of the ridge is large, so for the supplementary anti-erosion technology used, it needs to be set in the downhill direction of the ridge.

[0264] For the supplementary anti-erosion technology, common ones include planting cover crops, setting water guide grooves in the downhill direction of the ridge, setting soil baffles in the downhill direction of the ridge, etc.

[0265] In the selection of cover crops, the cover crops often need to be planted after the main crops are harvested or after the main crops are harvested, so the growth time of the cover crops also needs to be determined.

[0266] S173, plant the cover crops between the main crop rows.

[0267] The purpose of this step is to plant the cover crops in each slope farmland segment after the use of the supplementary anti-erosion technology and the joint application of other erosion control and acid reduction technologies, so as to achieve effective erosion control and acid reduction.

[0268] After the determination of the supplementary anti-erosion effect, the supplementary anti-erosion technology needs to be used according to the corresponding requirements in the application of the technology.

[0269] After the use of the supplementary anti-erosion technology, the cover crops in each slope farmland segment are planted on the ridge in the slope farmland.

[0270] After the use of the supplementary anti-erosion technology, the cover crops are planted on the ridge.

[0271] When the cover crops are configured, they are planted between the main crop rows.

[0272] When the slope farmland is plowed, the cover crops are directly plowed into the soil, so the cover crops not only play the role of anti-erosion crops, but also play the role of improving soil fertility.

[0273] Among them, the two adjacent ridges, and the two adjacent ridge sides, cannot be in the state of planting cover crops at the same time or in the idle state at the same time, in order to improve the anti-erosion ability to rainfall.

[0274] The ridge needs to be ensured to be at a large angle with the slope direction, which can be in the range of 60°~90°, so as to reduce the flow velocity of water in the ridge and furrow when it rains.

[0275] The beneficial effect of step S170 is that after the supplementary anti-erosion technology of the slope farmland is determined, the technology needs to be used, and then the crops planted in each slope farmland segment are planted on the ridge treated by the supplementary anti-erosion technology for erosion control and acid reduction treatment.

[0276] As step S180, the purpose of this step is to improve the fertility after the erosion control and acid reduction treatment of the slope farmland. Considering that the chemical fertilizer itself can easily change the pH value of the soil, a reasonable method needs to be reasonably applied to improve the soil fertility. Specifically:

[0277] S181, based on the straw high stubble returning method, the crop straw for returning is obtained, and the obtained crop straw is crushed.

[0278] The purpose of this step is to produce a large amount of straw after planting crops, which can avoid the change of soil pH value caused by the application of chemical fertilizer, and also improve the fertility.

[0279] Obviously, the straw needs to be crushed to better mix with the soil.

[0280] In some embodiments, the obtained straw is longitudinally cut, and the obtained longitudinally cut straw is directly pressed into the soil.

[0281] Wherein, before or after the straw is crushed, the straw needs to be disinfected to avoid the long-term existence of fungi or viruses carried by the straw in the soil, so that the viruses or fungi in the soil affect the growth quality of the cultivated crops.

[0282] After the straw is crushed, the straw needs to be uniformly sprayed with a rot agent to promote the decomposition of the straw.

[0283] The straw high stubble returning method can determine the stubble height of the straw based on the nutrient demand of the slope farmland or other indications, and return the obtained straw.

[0284] S182, uniformly mix the crushed straw with the soil of each ridge of the slope farmland segment, and tightly treat.

[0285] The purpose of this step is to avoid excessive water infiltration in the deep soil layer in the straw returning to the field, which increases the erosion amount and reduces the erosion control and acid reduction effect. Therefore, during the specific treatment process, the mixed straw and soil need to be tightly treated.

[0286] After the crushed straw is obtained, the soil in each slope field segment and the allocated straw in the segment need to be uniformly mixed.

[0287] For the soil that needs to be mixed, considering that the nutrient content of the ridge soil has been largely consumed during the plant growth cycle, the soil needs to be fallow treated, so part of the soil and the crushed straw are mixed.

[0288] The soil on the ridge and the ridge soil in the slope field segment need to be uniformly mixed.

[0289] After the soil on the ridge and the straw are uniformly mixed, the soil needs to be disinfected to avoid the increase of harmful substances in the soil when the fungi or viruses in the soil are buried underground.

[0290] After the crushed straw and the ridge soil of each slope field segment are uniformly mixed, the mixed soil needs to be tightly treated to obtain the tightly treated soil.

[0291] S183, bury the tightly treated soil and the crushed straw mixture in the soil layer to complete the straw returning to the field.

[0292] The purpose of this step is to need to perform straw returning to the field treatment, then the tightly treated soil can be buried to allow the straw to decompose underground, achieving effective straw returning to the field and ultimately improving the soil fertility.

[0293] The tightly treated soil and the crushed straw need to be buried in the soil layer.

[0294] For the soil layer set in the soil area under the original ridge, the tightly treated soil is directly buried in the area by excavation.

[0295] The original ridge area can be plowed to form a new ridge between two adjacent ridges, and the original ridge becomes a ridge ditch area.

[0296] Wherein, for the newly generated ridge region, its original region belongs to the furrow region, and the original furrow region needs to be excavated to a certain depth, so that the straw mixture after intensive treatment can be buried. As shown in Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a straw field returning section for a slope field ridge side cultivation segmented erosion control and acid reduction and land improvement method provided by the embodiment of the present application, and the obtained straw mixture is buried in the straw field returning region, which is above the ridge region and beside the furrow. The furrow region is the ridge of the last planting cycle, and the inter-row of the main crop is configured with a cover crop planting region, which is manifested as planting cover crops on one side of the ridge and the adjacent furrow, and the other side of the furrow is idle in this cycle.

[0297] The beneficial effect of step S180 is that, after the erosion control and acid reduction of the slope field, the land of the slope field region is improved by the method of straw field returning.

[0298] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0299] 1. The rationality of the erosion control and acid reduction method is improved. In the technical solution of the present application, the erosion amount of the slope field is obtained according to the environmental information and soil information of the slope field, and the planting crops that can be selected in the slope field are selected, so as to further determine the soil erosion amount after cultivation, and other supplementary anti-erosion technologies are set based on the erosion amount, so as to realize the rational treatment of the erosion control and acid reduction method.

[0300] 2. The erosion control and acid reduction and land improvement are realized at the same time. In the technical solution of the present application, through the application of the erosion control and acid reduction method, the appropriate selection and planting of the planting crops are realized in the process, and after the harvesting of the planting crops, the straw field returning of the obtained straw is realized to improve the land, and in the process, the erosion control and acid reduction method is realized to guarantee the yield of the straw and crops, so as to improve the land.

[0301] 3. The implementation effect of the erosion control and acid reduction work is improved. In the technical solution of the present application, for the specific application stage of the erosion control and acid reduction method, the most reasonable planting crops are selected based on the erosion amount that can be generated in the future time and the soil environment information under the future erosion amount, and for the slope field region, the slope field is segmented and processed based on the segmented erosion amount of the slope field, and the corresponding planting crops are respectively set for each slope field segment, and after the determination of the planting crops, the supplementary anti-erosion technology is further set, and the pH value is predicted based on the erosion amount, so as to realize effective erosion control and acid reduction, and the erosion control and acid reduction effect can be improved in each year, so as to fully improve the erosion control and acid reduction effect.

[0302] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiments can be completed by related hardware of computer program instructions. The aforementioned computer program can be stored in a nonvolatile storage medium, and when executed, the computer program executes steps including the above-mentioned method embodiments. Alternatively, the aforementioned integrated units of the present application, if implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, can also be stored in a nonvolatile storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a nonvolatile storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing an electronic device (which can be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0303] The above merely describes the specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling erosion and reducing acid and improving soil fertility on the ridge side of slope farmland, characterized in that, The method comprises: Based on the distribution environment information of slope farmland, the predicted erosion amount of slope farmland is obtained; Based on the position of the predicted erosion amount of slope farmland, the slope farmland is segmented to obtain slope farmland segments; Based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope farmland segment, the predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment in the future time period is obtained; Based on the predicted pH value of each slope farmland segment, the chemical amendment delivery amount of each slope farmland segment is obtained; Based on the chemical amendment delivery amount of each slope farmland segment, the root depth influence amount of the chemical amendment on the plantable crops is obtained, and the plantable crops of each slope farmland segment are selected, comprising: Based on the chemical amendment delivery amount of each slope farmland segment, the theoretical soil pH value of each slope farmland segment is obtained; The change amount of the theoretical soil pH value in the soil in the future time is obtained to form a corresponding relationship between the theoretical soil pH value in the future time and the future time point; Based on the future time point, the root growth period of the plantable crops corresponding to the future time point is obtained; Based on the root growth period and the theoretical soil pH value of the future time corresponding to the future time point, the depth influence amount of the theoretical soil pH value in the future time on the root is obtained; The total depth influence amount of the root in the future time and the theoretical root depth of the plantable crops are obtained, and the plantable crops of each slope farmland segment are selected; Based on the environmental requirements of the plantable crops of each slope farmland segment, the ridge spacing of each slope farmland segment is adjusted, and the ridge erosion amount of each slope farmland segment under the action of the plantable crops is obtained; Based on the ridge erosion amount, the cover crops on the ridge side are obtained, and planting is performed on each slope farmland segment; After the plantable crops on the slope farmland segment are harvested, straw returning is performed on the slope farmland to improve the soil fertility.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The method comprises: Based on the distribution environment information of slope farmland, the predicted erosion amount of slope farmland is obtained; The historical weather data of the region where the slope farmland is located is obtained to obtain the future precipitation of the region where the slope farmland is located; The surface runoff data of the slope farmland is obtained to obtain the surface water flow of each region of the slope farmland under the action of the future precipitation; 3. The method for slope farmland ridge side cultivation, segmentation, erosion control, acid reduction and soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil density and underground runoff of the slope farmland are obtained to obtain the predicted erosion amount of the slope farmland under the action of the surface water flow. The method comprises: The predicted erosion amount of all regions in the slope farmland is obtained to obtain all predicted erosion amount values; The predicted erosion amount values of all adjacent locations in the slope farmland are obtained, and the predicted erosion amount values of the adjacent locations are obtained; Adjacent locations with a predicted erosion amount value deviation of not less than a preset deviation are obtained to delimit regions with the same erosion parameters of the slope farmland; 4. The method for slope farmland ridge side cultivation, segmentation, erosion control, acid reduction and soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the regions with the same erosion parameters of the slope farmland, the slope farmland segments are obtained. The method comprises: Based on the predicted erosion amount, the soil stock of each slope farmland segment in the future time period is obtained; Based on the soil stock and future precipitation, obtain the total amount of acid-base substance of each slope field segment; Based on the total amount of acid-base substance, obtain the predicted pH of each slope field segment in the future time period.

5. The method for slope farmland ridge side cultivation, segmentation, erosion control, acid reduction and soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of chemical amendment to be put in each slope field segment is obtained based on the predicted pH of each slope field segment, including: Based on the predicted pH of each slope field segment, obtain the pH adjustment amount of each slope field segment; Based on the pH adjustment amount of each slope field segment, obtain the type of chemical amendment; Based on the soil stock of each slope field segment in the future time period, obtain the theoretical amount of chemical amendment to be put in; Based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope field segment, obtain the soil loss amount of each slope field segment in the future time period; Based on the soil loss amount, obtain the supplementary amount of chemical amendment to be put in; Sum the theoretical amount and the supplementary amount of chemical amendment to obtain the amount of chemical amendment to be put in each slope field segment.

6. The method for slope farmland ridge side cultivation, segmentation erosion control, acid reduction and soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the amount of chemical amendment to be put in each slope field segment, obtain the root depth influence amount of the chemical amendment on the plantable crops, and before selecting the plantable crops of the slope field segment, further including: Based on the distribution environment information of the slope field, obtain the crops that can be planted in the slope field region; Based on the predicted erosion amount of each slope field segment, obtain the erosion control operation importance degree; Based on the erosion control operation importance degree, obtain the minimum root depth requirement in each slope field segment; Obtain the plantable crops whose root depth under the predicted erosion amount of the slope field segment is not less than the minimum depth requirement, to obtain the plantable crops.

7. The method for slope farmland ridge side cultivation, segment erosion control, acid reduction and soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the environmental requirement of the planted crops of each slope field segment, adjust the ridge spacing of each slope field segment, and obtain the ridge erosion amount of each slope field segment under the action of the planted crops, including: Obtain the growth environment requirement of the planted crops of each slope field segment, the growth environment requirement including the ventilation amount between plants, the light requirement amount of the plants, the water requirement amount of the plants, and the root interval range of the plants; Based on the growth environment requirement of the planted crops of each slope field segment, adjust the ridge spacing of each slope field segment and the adjacent slope field in the parallel direction; Based on the ridge spacing, obtain the root distribution state of the planted crops in each slope field segment; Based on the root distribution state, obtain the ridge erosion amount of each slope field segment under the action of the planted crops.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, Based on the ridge erosion amount of each slope field segment, obtain the cover crops on the ridge side, and plant on each slope field segment, including: Based on the ridge erosion amount of each slope field segment, obtain the soil loss amount of the ridge; Based on the soil loss amount of each ridge, obtain the cover crops arranged between the rows; Plant the cover crops between the rows of the main planted crops.

9. The method for slope farmland ridge side cultivation, segmentation erosion control, acid reduction and soil improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the planted crops of the slope field segment are harvested, the straw is returned to the field to improve the soil fertility, including: Based on the straw high stubble returning method, obtain the crop straw for returning to the field, and crush the obtained crop straw; Mix the crushed straw and the ridge soil of each slope field segment uniformly, and perform compacting treatment; The mixture of the compacted soil and the crushed straw is buried in the soil layer to complete the straw returning to the field.

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