Metal material welding processing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, and discloses a metal material welding processing method, which comprises the following steps of: S1, assembling a to-be-welded piece on a carrier, and forming a welding space for exposing a welding part of the to-be-welded piece on the carrier; s2, placing the carrier in a sealed space which can be opened, closed and sealed; s3, gas is continuously pumped and inert gas is continuously injected into the sealed space, so that the inert gas is distributed in the sealed space, and a welding environment beneficial to welding is formed outside the periphery of the welding space; and S4, the to-be-welded part in the welding environment is welded. Contact between the to-be-welded part and air is greatly reduced, residual air in the sealed space is pumped away by continuously pumping air and injecting inert gas into the sealed space, the inert gas can reduce bubbles due to oxidation of a welding part during welding, a welding environment with stable air pressure is formed in the sealed space, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, in particular to a metal welding processing method. Background Art

[0002] Metal materials or metal materials such as titanium are currently widely used in many fields such as chemical industry and aviation due to their advantages such as high specific strength, high toughness, high corrosion resistance and low elastic modulus. For metal materials composed of multiple components, multiple components are usually connected together by welding. The traditional welding method is to directly use laser welding, but this method has high requirements for the working environment because it is exposed to the air. The air humidity in a normal open workshop is high and there is a certain amount of dust in the air. Laser welding can easily cause bubbles to appear inside and outside the weld, thereby affecting the rigidity and appearance of the product. The generation of welding bubbles leads to a low product yield, which requires repair and increases the company's cost investment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a metal welding processing method to solve the problem that pores are easily formed in the welding of multiple components of metal materials.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a metal material welding processing method comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1. Assembling the workpiece to be welded on a carrier, wherein a welding space is formed on the carrier so that the welding portion of the workpiece to be welded is exposed;

[0006] S2. placing the carrier in a sealed space that can be opened and closed;

[0007] S3. Continuously evacuate the sealed space and continuously inject inert gas to distribute the inert gas in the sealed space, thereby forming a welding environment conducive to welding outside the welding space;

[0008] S4. Welding processing of the parts to be welded in the welding environment.

[0009] Furthermore, in the S1 step: the carrier includes a base and a cover plate; the top surface of the base has at least one supporting portion adapted to the workpiece to be welded for supporting the workpiece to be welded, and positioning structures are processed between the workpiece to be welded and the supporting portion to limit the movement of the workpiece to be welded; the cover plate has a pressing surface facing the side of the base; after the workpiece to be welded is supported on the supporting portion, the pressing surface presses on the base and presses the workpiece to be welded on the supporting portion, and the pressing surface and the periphery of the supporting portion form the welding space that is laterally connected outward.

[0010] Furthermore, in the S2 step: a base plate for supporting the carrier and a sealing cover hinged to one side of the base plate and capable of being sealed on the base plate to form the sealed space are provided; the sealing cover and the base plate are locked after sealing by a locking structure; a penetrable window for laser transmission is processed on the side wall of the sealing cover facing the welding space, and after the carrier is positioned on the base plate and the sealing cover is provided on the base plate, the welding space faces the penetrable window; after the carrier is positioned on the base plate, the sealing cover is provided on the base plate and locked by the locking structure, and laser welding is performed on the workpiece to be welded in the sealed space from the outside through the penetrable window.

[0011] Furthermore, in the S3 step: an exhaust structure and an air supply structure for conveying inert gas into the sealed space are respectively provided on the base plate and the sealing cover; after the sealed space is formed, the exhaust structure first extracts the gas in the sealed space according to the set time, and after the exhaust time of the exhaust structure reaches the set time, the air supply structure conveys inert gas into the sealed space and continues to operate together with the exhaust structure, and welding work is then carried out.

[0012] Furthermore, in the S3 step: the exhaust structure includes a plurality of suction holes connected to the sealed space processed on the bottom plate and an exhaust channel connected to each suction hole and connected to the external exhaust equipment; each of the suction holes is distributed at equal intervals and an installation area for installing the carrier is surrounded on the inner side. After the carrier is installed on the installation area, each suction hole can evenly extract the gas in the sealed space from outside each side of the carrier during operation.

[0013] Furthermore, in the S3 step: the air supply structure includes a plurality of air blowing holes connected to the sealed space processed on the sealing cover and an air supply channel connected to the air blowing holes and connected to the external air supply equipment for conveying inert gas; the air blowing holes are distributed at equal intervals and an inner area is enclosed on the inside. After the carrier is installed in the installation area, the carrier faces the inner area; the inert gas is argon.

[0014] Furthermore, in the step S3: when the sealing cover is arranged on the bottom plate, each of the air intake holes is located inside each of the air supply holes in the projection direction so that the air intake holes and the air supply holes are staggered in distribution.

[0015] Furthermore, in the step S3: the air supply structure further includes a hose with one end connected to the air supply channel and the other end connected to an external air supply device.

[0016] Furthermore, in the step S3: an air supply port connected to an external air supply device and located outside the installation area is processed on the base plate, and one end of the hose is connected to the air supply port.

[0017] Furthermore, in the S4 step: the base is mounted on a rotating mechanism, and during the laser welding process, the rotating mechanism drives the base to rotate horizontally to adjust the welding position of the laser; wherein the rotating mechanism drives the bottom plate to rotate to change the laser, and the size of the penetrable window corresponds to the welding portion of the workpiece to be welded in the welding space.

[0018] The metal material welding processing method of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: through the cooperation of the carrier and the sealed space, after the workpiece to be welded is positioned on the carrier, the sealed space separates the workpiece to be welded from the outside, so as to greatly reduce the contact between the workpiece to be welded and the air. By continuously evacuating and injecting inert gas in the sealed space, not only the remaining air in the sealed space can be evacuated, but the inert gas can also prevent the oxidation of the welding part during welding, improve stability, and reduce bubbles. At the same time, the injection of inert gas can also form a welding environment with stable air pressure in the sealed space, avoiding pressure imbalance caused by large pressure changes during welding, which causes stress concentration and reduces weld strength, thereby improving the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of the metal material welding method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the explosion of multiple components in step S1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 1 is an exploded view of the workpiece to be welded and the carrier in step S1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 1 is an exploded view of the workpiece to be welded and the carrier (from another angle) in step S1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the assembly of the carrier, the sealing structure (in an open state), and the soldering unit in step S2 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the air supply structure and the base plate in step S3 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the air extraction channel and the air delivery port in step S3 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom plate in step S3 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the sealing cover and the air supply structure in step S3 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of the air supply channel in step S3 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic assembly diagram of the sealing structure in the closed state in step S3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic assembly diagram of the sealing structure in step S3 of the present invention in a closed state (hiding both side walls);

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the metal material welding processing equipment installed on the four-axis equipment in step S4 of the present invention.

[0033] The meanings of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are:

[0034] Part to be welded 1, positioning groove 11, bottom plate 2, first plate 2a, second plate 2b, flange 21, avoidance groove 211, sealing ring 22, positioning boss 23, penetrable window 24, perforation 241, first hole section 2411, ear groove 2412, lens 242, annular frame 243, connecting ear 2431, sealing ring 25, first positioning column 26, sealing cover 3, side wall 31, top plate 32, sealed space 4, exhaust structure 5, suction hole 51, exhaust channel 52, suction port 53, delivery Air structure 6, blowing hole 61, air supply channel 62, hose 63, air supply port 64, carrier 7, base 71, second positioning column 711, first pull rod hole 712, cover plate 72, holding surface 721, second positioning hole 722, protrusion 723, edge block 724, protrusion 725, second pull rod hole 726, support part 73, boss 731, shallow groove 732, positioning structure 74, positioning protrusion 741, supporting protrusion 742, welding space 7a, locking structure 8, lock buckle 81, lock hook 82. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] See also Figures 1 to 13 The metal material welding processing method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1. Assemble the workpiece 1 to be welded on a carrier 7. The carrier 7 is formed with a welding space 7a for exposing the welding portion of the workpiece 1 to be welded.

[0038] See also Figure 2The metal material of the present invention is formed by stacking multiple components. The metal material is titanium and can be composed of three components. During assembly, the three components are stacked in sequence to form the welded part 1. The welding part is formed on three consecutive sides or multiple sides of the three components. The specific structure is determined according to the application product and is not limited to Figure 1 The shape shown.

[0039] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the step S1, the carrier 7 includes a base 71 and a cover plate 72; after the base 71 and the cover plate 72 are snapped together to position the workpiece 1 to be welded, they are fixed to the base plate 2 and the cover plate 72 by means of pneumatic rivet locking. The base 71 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure as a whole, and the bottom surface is used to be installed on the base plate 2. A first positioning hole can be provided on the bottom surface of the base 71, and a first positioning column 26 is provided on the top surface of the base plate 2 at a position corresponding to the first positioning hole to position the base 71. A first pull rod hole 712 can be provided on the base 71, and a second positioning column 711 is also provided on the top surface of the base 71. The top surface of the base 71 has at least one support portion 73 adapted to the workpiece 1 to be welded for supporting the workpiece 1 to be welded. In this embodiment, two support portions 73 are provided and are respectively provided on both sides of the first pull rod hole 712. The second positioning column 711 is located between the two support portions 73 so as to be able to position two workpieces 1 to be welded at the same time. Correspondingly, six penetrable windows 24 are provided on the six sides of the two parts to be welded 1. A positioning structure 74 is provided between the parts to be welded 1 and the support portion 73 so that the parts to be welded 1 cannot move in the lateral direction when supported on the support portion 73. The support portion 73 includes a boss 731 protruding from the top surface of the carrier 7, and the positioning structure 74 includes a positioning protrusion 741 protruding from the boss 731, a supporting protrusion 742 protruding from the boss 731 and spaced from the positioning protrusion 741, and a positioning groove 11 recessed on the parts to be welded 1 corresponding to the positioning protrusion 741. The supporting protrusion 742 has a second supporting surface facing the positioning protrusion 741 and abutting against the outer wall of the parts to be welded 1 when the positioning protrusion 741 penetrates into the positioning groove 11. A shallow groove 732 may be formed on the boss 731 corresponding to the outer contour of the workpiece 1 to be welded. After the workpiece 1 to be welded is placed therein, the positioning protrusion 741 extends into the positioning groove 11 to limit the movement of the workpiece 1 to be welded.

[0040] The cover plate 72 is generally square in shape. Its bottom surface features a pressing surface 721 facing the base 71. This pressing surface 721 presses against the top surface of the base 71, forming the welding space 7a between the pressing surface 721 and the support portion 73, exposing the welded portion of the workpiece 1. A bump 723 extends from the pressing surface 721 at a position corresponding to the second positioning post 711. The bottom surface of the bump 723 is provided with a second positioning hole 722 corresponding to the second positioning post 711, facilitating the positioning of the cover plate 72. The holding surface 721 protrudes downward at a position corresponding to the support portion 73 to be pressed on the workpiece 1 to be welded to form an edge block 724. A protruding column 725 protrudes from the edge of the edge block 724 corresponding to the edge of the workpiece 1 to be welded. The protruding column 725 has a third abutting surface that abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece 1 to be welded when the holding surface 721 is pressed on the workpiece 1 to be welded. It cooperates with the second abutting surface to block the workpiece 1 to be welded from multiple directions. It can also be used to test whether the workpiece 1 to be welded and the cover plate 72 are installed in place when the cover plate 72 is installed. If not, the holding surface 721 cannot press on the workpiece 1 to be welded. A second tie rod hole 726 is provided at a position on the cover plate 72 corresponding to the first tie rod hole 712. The tie rod is tightened on the base plate 2 through the first tie rod hole 712 and the second tie rod hole 726. The base plate 2 is correspondingly provided with a third tie rod hole.

[0041] After the workpiece 1 to be welded is supported on the support portion 73 , the pressing surface 721 presses on the base 71 and presses the workpiece 1 to be welded on the support portion 73 , and the pressing surface 721 and the periphery of the support portion 73 form the welding space 7a that is laterally connected outward.

[0042] S2. Place the carrier 7 in a sealed space 4 that can be opened and closed.

[0043] See also Figures 5 to 12 In the step S2: a sealing structure is provided, which forms a sealed sealed space 4 so that the carrier 7 with the workpiece 1 to be welded installed therein can separate the space after being installed therein, and prevent a large amount of moisture and impurities (such as dust) in the air from contacting the workpiece 1 to be welded, thereby avoiding a large amount of dust and moisture from contacting during welding and affecting the welding environment. The sealing structure includes a base plate 2 for supporting the carrier 7 and a sealing cover 3 hinged to one side of the base plate 2 and capable of being provided with a sealing cover 3 on the base plate 2 to form a sealed space 4; the sealing cover 3 and the base plate 2 are locked by a locking structure 8 after sealing; a transparent window 24 for laser transmission is processed on the side wall 31 of the sealing cover 3 facing the welding space 7a, and after the carrier 7 is positioned on the base plate 2 and the sealing cover 3 is provided on the base plate 2, the welding space 7a is opposite the transparent window 24; after the carrier 7 is positioned on the base plate 2, the sealing cover 3 is provided on the base plate 2 and locked by the locking structure 8, and the workpiece 1 to be welded in the sealed space 4 is laser welded from the outside through the transparent window 24.

[0044] In this embodiment, the sealing structure includes a base plate 2 for supporting the carrier 7, a sealing cover 3 hinged to one side of the base plate 2 and capable of sealing the cover 3 provided on the base plate 2, and a locking structure 8 provided on the sealing cover 3 and the base plate 2. The base plate 2 is used to support the carrier 7 and the like and facilitate connection with external equipment or mechanisms. The sealing cover 3 can rotate relative to the base plate 2 and move away from or close to the base plate 2, and the sealing structure is in an open or closed state; the locking structure 8 can lock the sealing cover 3 and the base plate 2 together after they are in a closed and sealed state, to prevent the sealing structure from being opened and locked when it needs to be in a closed state, and can also unlock the sealing structure when it needs to be opened.

[0045] Both the base plate 2 and the sealing cover 3 are rectangular structures, and when the base plate 2 and the sealing cover 3 are in the closed state, the projection of the sealing cover 3 in the thickness or height direction completely overlaps the base plate 2. For ease of understanding, the present invention configures the two sides along the thickness direction as the top side / top surface and the bottom side / bottom surface, respectively. Specifically, when the base plate 2 and the sealing cover 3 are in the closed state, the side of the base plate 2 facing the sealing cover 3 is the top surface, and the side facing away from the sealing cover 3 is the bottom surface.

[0046] The base plate 2 can be composed of identical first and second plates 2a, 2b stacked in the thickness direction, with the first plate 2a positioned on top of the second plate 2b. In another embodiment, the base plate 2 can be integrally machined or die-cast. A flange 21 protrudes from the bottom surface of the base plate 2 in the thickness direction. The inner side of the flange 21 is hollow and open in the thickness direction, facing away from the top surface of the base plate 2. A relief groove 211 is defined in the flange 21 in the transverse direction (the transverse direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction) or in the radial direction of the flange 21. The relief groove 211 connects the inner and outer cavities of the flange 21, facilitating the installation of the soldering unit within the relief groove 211 and the inner cavity of the flange 21. Threaded holes are defined in the flange 21 in the thickness direction to facilitate connection to external equipment or mechanisms to secure the base plate 2. A mounting area for mounting the carrier 7 is formed in the center of the sealed space 4.

[0047] The interior of the sealing cover 3 is hollow and the bottom is open. The sealing cover 3 includes four side walls 31 connected end to end and a top plate 32 connected to the top of the four side walls 31. The outer wall of one of the side walls 31 of the sealing cover 3 is hinged to the side wall 31 of the bottom plate 2 via a hinge, so that the sealing cover 3 can be flipped relative to the bottom plate 2 via the hinge. When the sealing cover 3 is flipped so that the bottom sides of each side wall 31 are supported on the bottom plate 2, it is in a closed state. When each side wall 31 is flipped away from the bottom plate 2, it is in an open state. The sealed space 4 is enclosed between the sealing cover 3 and the bottom plate 2. Specifically, when the sealing cover 3 and the bottom plate 2 are in the closed state, the area on the bottom plate 2 that is supported by the side walls 31 of the sealing cover 3 is configured as a support area. The support area of ​​the bottom plate 2 is correspondingly provided with a sealing ring 22 for sealing between the sealing cover 3 and the bottom plate 2 after the sealing cover 3 is closed on the bottom plate 2. The support area is in the shape of a square frame and is provided with a square groove. The sealing ring 22 is embedded in the groove and its top protrudes from the top surface of the bottom plate 2. When the sealing cover 3 is closed on the bottom plate 2 and the locking structure 8 locks it, the side walls 31 of the sealing cover 3 press against the sealing ring 22, and the sealing ring 22 keeps the sealed space 4 in a sealed state. In order to better position the sealing cover 3, positioning bosses 23 are provided on the inner side of the sealing ring 22 and at the four corners of the inner cavity of the sealing cover 3. The side edges of each positioning boss 23 are curved outward toward the bottom side, so that the sealing cover 3 rubs against the side edges of the positioning boss 23 when it is set and after closing, each positioning boss 23 presses against the adjacent two inner walls at each corner of the sealing cover 3. The positioning bosses 23 can also prevent the sealing cover 3 from being misaligned to a certain extent, avoiding a small degree of misalignment of the hinged sealing cover 3 that affects the sealing effect.

[0048] In order to facilitate observation of the situation in the sealed space 4 and to facilitate welding of the workpiece 1 to be welded in the sealed space 4 when laser welding is used, a transparent window 24 for laser transmission is processed on the side wall 31 of the sealing cover 3 facing the carrier 7. Corresponding to the three sides of the welding portion of the workpiece 1 to be welded, a transparent window 24 is provided on the three side walls 31 of the sealing cover 3 at positions facing the three side walls in the transverse direction. The transparent window 24 includes a through-hole 241 opened on the corresponding side wall 31 of the sealing cover 3 and passing through the sealing cover 3 in the transverse direction, a lens 242 installed at the through-hole 241, and an annular frame 243 with an inner diameter smaller than the diameter of the lens 242 and installed in the first hole section 2411. The lens 242 is made of a highly transparent material such as an anti-reflection film, and the annular frame 243 is made of a hard material, preferably a metal material to ensure durability. The through-hole 241 comprises a first hole section 2411 adapted to fit the lens 242, a second hole section coaxial with the first hole section 2411 and located on the side of the first hole section 2411 facing the sealed space 4, and an ear groove 2412 formed on the first hole section 2411. The depth of the first hole section 2411 is at least the sum of the thicknesses of the lens 242 and the annular frame 243, so that both the lens 242 and the annular frame 243 can be installed therein. The diameter of the lens 242 is the same as the outer diameter of the environmental frame. The diameter of the second hole section is smaller than the diameter of the first hole section 2411, forming a first abutment surface with the inner wall of the first hole section 2411. The annular frame 243 comprises a pressing surface 721 for pressing the lens 242 against the abutment surface, and a connecting ear 2431 protruding radially from the outer periphery of the annular frame 243, with a connecting hole formed in the connecting ear 2431. The shape of the ear slots 2412 is adapted to accommodate the connecting ears 2431, allowing them to be inserted therein. Screw holes corresponding to the connecting holes are provided within the ear slots 2412. To enhance stability, each annular frame 243 is provided with at least two connecting ears 2431, corresponding to two ear slots 2412. To ensure that the laser can weld all sides of the workpiece 1, the diameter of the lens 242 should be greater than the length of any side.

[0049] During assembly, the lens 242 is installed in the first hole section 2411, and the annular frame 243 is subsequently installed in the first hole section 2411 and located on the side away from the sealed space 4 relative to the lens 242. The connecting ear 2431 is located in the ear groove 2412. Screws are inserted through the connecting hole and the screw hole in sequence to fix the annular frame 243 to the sealing cover 3. The annular frame 243 presses the lens 242 against the first abutting surface. In this way, if the laser passes through the lens 242 and is used for a long time, causing the lens 242 to be damaged, the annular frame 243 can be removed and directly replaced with the lens 242, reducing the cost of the annular frame 243.

[0050] The locking structure 8 includes a lock catch 81 fixedly mounted on an arm of the base plate 2 on the side laterally away from the hinge, and a lock hook 82 fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the sealing cover 3 on the side away from the hinge. The lock catch 81 is a hasp that engages with the lock hook 82 or is positioned away from the lock hook 82 by being pulled and rotated. It should be noted that the locking structure 8 may also use other structures capable of locking the sealing cover 3 and the base plate 2, such as a door bolt, a mechanical lock, etc.

[0051] When workpiece 1 is mounted on base 71 and cover 72 is attached to base 71, a welding space 7a is formed between the top surface of base 71 and holding surface 721, surrounding the side of workpiece 1. This space allows workpiece 1 to be positioned and the welded portion of workpiece 1 to be exposed. Welding space 7a is open laterally outward in multiple directions. Penetrable windows 24 are arranged corresponding to the exposed sides of welding space 7a, allowing welding to be performed from each side of workpiece 1 through welding space 7a.

[0052] S3. Continuously evacuate the sealed space 4 and continuously inject inert gas to distribute the inert gas in the sealed space 4, thereby forming a welding environment conducive to welding outside the welding space 7a.

[0053] See also Figures 5 to 12 In step S3, a soldering unit for forming a welding environment in the sealed space 4 is provided on the sealing structure. The soldering unit continuously evacuates and delivers protective gas to the sealed space 4 to form a vacuum welding environment that is convenient for welding in the sealing structure, thereby avoiding oxidation of the metal material during welding and ensuring the purity and strength of the weld. This is especially suitable for easily oxidized metal materials such as titanium. It also avoids impurities in the air from contaminating the welding part, effectively improving the welding quality. The vacuum environment reduces the risk of gas dissolution and precipitation, and significantly improves the density of the weld.

[0054] The welding unit includes an exhaust structure 5, which is respectively arranged on the base plate 2 and the sealing cover 3, and a gas supply structure 6 for supplying inert gas into the sealed space 4. The exhaust structure 5 continuously exhausts the sealed space 4 to make it a vacuum state. After the sealed space 4 is in a vacuum state, the gas supply structure 6 cooperates with the exhaust structure 5 to continuously supply shielding gas into the sealed space 4. Under the premise of ensuring the stability of the air pressure in the sealed space 4, it helps to form a favorable welding environment for the welding of the workpiece 1 in the sealed space 4, and effectively isolates impurities such as oxygen during welding, making the welding more stable while reducing the generation of impurities and pores during welding. At the same time, the exhaust structure 5 can also remove the fume generated during welding, which is conducive to creating a better welding environment and preventing the equipment from being affected by the fume and reducing its service life. After the sealed space 4 is sealed, the exhaust structure 5 first extracts the gas in the sealed space 4 according to the set time. After the exhaust time of the exhaust structure 5 reaches the set time, the gas supply structure 6 supplies inert gas into the sealed space 4 and continues to operate together with the exhaust structure 5, and the welding work proceeds. It should be noted that the soldering unit is not limited to the structure in this embodiment, and may also be replaced by other structures capable of evacuating and delivering protective gas.

[0055] The exhaust structure 5 includes a plurality of air intake holes 51 formed on the sealing structure and connected to the sealed space 4, and an exhaust channel 52 connecting each air intake hole 51 and communicating with an external exhaust device. Each air intake hole 51 is provided on the first plate 2a of the base plate 2 and is evenly spaced. Each air intake hole 51 is arranged around the outside of the mounting area. The air intake holes 51 can be distributed in a directional, circular, or irregular pattern. However, the air intake holes 51 should be arranged along the outer contour of the carrier 7 to ensure that each air intake hole 51 can evenly extract air from the periphery of the carrier 7. Each air intake hole 51 extends through the first plate 2a along its thickness. On the side surface of the first plate body 2a and the second plate body 2b facing each other, sealing rings 25 are respectively arranged from the inner and outer peripheries of each suction hole 51. A sealed suction channel 52 is enclosed between the two sealing rings 25 and the first plate body 2a and the second plate body 2b. The projection of each suction hole 51 along the thickness direction is located within the air supply channel 62 to connect with the suction channel 52. In order to ensure that the suction channel 52 is connected with the external vacuum equipment, a suction interface is installed on the bottom plate 2 at a position corresponding to the suction channel 52 along the thickness direction. The suction connector has a suction port 53, which is connected to the suction channel 52. One end of the suction connector extends out of the bottom plate 2 to facilitate connection and communication with the vacuum equipment.

[0056] The air supply structure 6 includes a plurality of air holes 61 formed on the sealing structure and connected to the sealed space 4, an air supply channel 62 connecting each air hole 61 and connecting to the air supply equipment on the outer wall for supplying protective gas, and a hose 63 with one end connected to the air supply channel 62 and the other end connected to the external air supply equipment. Each air hole 61 is formed on the top side of the sealing cover 3 and extends inward through the inner wall of the sealing cover 3 along the thickness direction. The air holes 61 are evenly spaced and arranged around the installation area. After the carrier 7 is installed on the installation area, the air intake holes 51 can evenly extract gas from the sealed space 4 from all sides of the carrier 7 during operation.

[0057] In the present invention, the shielding gas is an inert gas, preferably argon, which can better isolate the air, stabilize the arc during laser welding, and avoid oxidation of the weld part.

[0058] Among them, the installation area is a space without physical boundaries. The installation area is the sealed space 4 between the part of the top wall of the inner cavity of the sealing cover 3 located in the air supply holes and the part of the top surface of the bottom plate 2 located in the air intake holes 51. After being installed in the sealed space 4, the carrier is in this installation area. Therefore, the blowing holes 61 and the air intake holes 51 are distributed on both sides of the sealed space 4. In order to allow smoke and the like to be quickly extracted by the suction hole 51 during the welding process, the installation area is located on the inner side of each air supply hole in the projection direction, so that the suction hole 51 and the air supply hole are staggered, that is, the air supply hole is located on the periphery of each suction hole 51 in the projection direction, and the density of the shielding gas is greater than the gas density in the sealed space 4, and the staggered suction holes 51 and blowing holes 61 increase the residence time of the shielding gas, and local eddies appear, so that the shielding gas is mixed with the gas in the sealed space 4 to a certain extent, and the shielding gas itself is helpful for welding and reduces the occurrence of welding oxidation, so that a favorable welding environment is formed in the sealed space 4, and there is no need to blow the shielding gas directly onto the workpiece 1 to be welded, thereby avoiding welding disturbances on the welding part caused by direct blowing, reducing the collapse of the molten pool during welding, and avoiding the direct involvement of the shielding lift to produce pores, and the gas coverage is wider and more stable.

[0059] The air supply channel 62 is formed on the top plate 32 of the sealing cover 3 and has a cavity structure that is connected end to end. To facilitate the arrangement of the air supply holes, the air supply channel 62 is arranged in a square shape to connect the air supply holes. A connecting hole is formed on the side of the top plate 32 facing the sealed space 4, located at both ends of the air supply channel 62 near the hinge. Both connecting holes are connected to the air supply channel 62. Two hoses 63 are provided and made of a high-temperature resistant material, such as a metal bellows. One end of the hose 63 is connected to the top plate 32 through a mounting interface and connected to the connecting hole. On the side of the bottom plate 2 where the air intake hole 51 is provided, an air supply port 64 is formed for connecting to an external air supply device and is located outside the mounting area. Two air supply ports 64 are provided, corresponding to the two hoses 63. The ends of the two hoses 63 away from the connecting hole are connected to the air supply port 64. Both air supply ports 64 are located on the side of the bottom plate 2 near the hinge. This ensures that the sealing cover 3 can rotate without affecting the use of the hoses 63 and can deliver protective gas into the air supply channel 62. Connecting the external air supply device from the bottom plate 2 can ensure the stability of the connection compared to connecting it to the sealing cover 3 that needs to be opened and closed.

[0060] S4. Welding the workpiece 1 in the welding environment.

[0061] See also Figure 13 In step S4, the base 71 is mounted on a rotating mechanism, such as a four-axis rotating shaft. During the laser welding process, the rotating mechanism drives the base 71 to rotate horizontally to adjust the laser welding position. The rotating mechanism drives the bottom plate 2 to rotate to adjust the laser. The size of the transparent window 24 corresponds to the welding portion of the workpiece 1 to be welded within the welding space 7a. After the sealed space 4 is continuously evacuated for approximately 5 seconds to achieve a vacuum state, argon gas is continuously injected to distribute an inert gas within the sealed space 4, thereby forming a welding environment conducive to welding around the welding space 7a. The laser beam passes through the transparent window 24 to weld the side of the workpiece 1 to be welded within the welding space 7a.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the metal material welding processing method of the present invention provides a sealing cover 3 and a base plate 2 to facilitate the opening and closing of the sealed space 4 and the installation of the carrier 7; by forming a sealed sealed space 4, the sealed space 4 is kept in a relatively stable welding environment by continuously pumping and delivering argon gas, thereby avoiding the airflow blowing directly to the side and affecting the welding effect, thereby improving the welding quality.

Claims

1. A metal material welding method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Assembling the workpiece to be welded on a carrier, wherein a welding space is formed on the carrier so that the welding portion of the workpiece to be welded is exposed; S2. placing the carrier in a sealed space that can be opened and closed; S3. Continuously evacuate the sealed space and continuously inject inert gas to distribute the inert gas in the sealed space, thereby forming a welding environment conducive to welding outside the welding space; S4. Welding processing of the parts to be welded in the welding environment.

2. The metal material welding method according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S1: the carrier includes a base and a cover; The top surface of the base has at least one supporting portion adapted to the workpiece to be welded for supporting the workpiece to be welded, and a positioning structure is processed between the workpiece to be welded and the supporting portion for limiting the movement of the workpiece to be welded; The cover plate has a pressing surface facing one side of the base; After the workpiece to be welded is supported on the support portion, the pressing surface presses on the base and presses the workpiece to be welded on the support portion, and the pressing surface and the periphery of the support portion form the welding space that is laterally connected outward.

3. The metal material welding method according to claim 1, wherein: In the step S2: a bottom plate for supporting the carrier and a sealing cover hinged to one side of the bottom plate and capable of being sealed and arranged on the bottom plate to form the sealed space are provided; The sealing cover and the bottom plate are locked by a locking structure after sealing; A transparent window for laser transmission is machined on the side wall of the sealing cover facing the welding space. After the carrier is positioned on the bottom plate and the sealing cover is placed on the bottom plate, the welding space faces the transparent window. After the carrier is positioned on the bottom plate, the sealing cover is placed on the bottom plate and locked by the locking structure, and the parts to be welded in the sealed space are laser welded from the outside through the penetrable window.

4. The metal material welding method according to claim 3, wherein: In the step S3: an air extraction structure and an air supply structure for supplying inert gas into the sealed space are respectively provided on the bottom plate and the sealing cover; After a sealed space is formed, the exhaust structure first extracts the gas in the sealed space according to the set time. After the exhaust time of the exhaust structure reaches the set time, the gas supply structure transports inert gas into the sealed space and continues to operate with the exhaust structure, and welding work proceeds.

5. The metal material welding method according to claim 4, wherein: In the step S3: the air extraction structure includes a plurality of air suction holes processed on the bottom plate and connected to the sealed space, and an air extraction channel connecting the air suction holes and communicating with the external air extraction equipment; The air intake holes are evenly spaced and enclose an installation area for installing the carrier. After the carrier is installed on the installation area, the air intake holes can evenly extract gas in the sealed space from all sides of the carrier during operation.

6. The metal material welding method according to claim 5, wherein: In the step S3, the air supply structure includes a plurality of air blowing holes formed on the sealing cover and connected to the sealed space, and an air supply channel connected to the air blowing holes and connected to an external air supply device for delivering inert gas; The blowing holes are evenly spaced and enclose an inner area. When the carrier is installed in the installation area, the carrier faces the inner area. The inert gas is argon.

7. The metal welding method according to claim 6, wherein: In the step S3: when the sealing cover is placed on the bottom plate, each of the air intake holes is located inside each of the air supply holes in the projection direction so that the air intake holes and the air supply holes are staggered in distribution.

8. The metal welding method according to claim 6, wherein: In the step S3: the air supply structure further includes a hose with one end connected to the air supply channel and the other end connected to an external air supply device.

9. The metal welding method according to claim 8, wherein: In the step S3: an air supply port connected to an external air supply device and located outside the installation area is processed on the base plate, and one end of the hose is connected to the air supply port.

10. The metal material welding method according to claim 3, wherein: In the S4 step: the base is mounted on a rotating mechanism, and during the laser welding process, the rotating mechanism drives the base to rotate horizontally to adjust the welding position of the laser; wherein the rotating mechanism drives the bottom plate to rotate to change the laser, and the size of the penetrable window corresponds to the welding portion of the workpiece to be welded in the welding space.

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