Electrical variable adjustment monitoring method and system for distribution box

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical variable adjustment monitoring method and system for a distribution box, and the method comprises the steps: collecting the current, voltage, power factor and other core electrical variables of each distribution box in a region in real time, triggering an abnormal mark through dynamic gradient analysis, and recording time-space information; performing space-time correlation analysis based on the power distribution network topological graph, calculating an abnormal time concentration ratio and a spatial distribution density, and generating a correlation circle; determining a fault type (a local problem or an overall power grid problem) according to the characteristics of the associated circles, the number of branch lines and the change of electrical variables, and matching a corresponding processing scheme; and continuously monitoring a fault processing result, and generating a repair report until the system is stable. The system comprises a core electric variable real-time acquisition module, a power distribution network topological graph analysis module, a fault type judgment module and a fault processing monitoring module. According to the method, the anomaly detection accuracy and the fault processing efficiency are improved, and reliable operation of the power distribution network is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric variable monitoring, and in particular to an electric variable regulation monitoring method and system for a distribution box. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of power systems and the continued growth of electricity demand, the operational stability and reliability of distribution networks, as the terminal link of power transmission, are crucial to the quality of power supply to users. Distribution boxes, as key nodes in distribution networks, undertake the core functions of power distribution and terminal power supply. Real-time monitoring and abnormal regulation of electrical variables (such as current, voltage, and power factor) have become a crucial component of intelligent distribution network management. Currently, the industry's monitoring of distribution boxes is gradually moving towards high-frequency and digitalization. Through the application of sensor acquisition and data transmission technologies, dynamic tracking of electrical variables is achieved. However, there is still room for improvement in the accuracy of abnormality diagnosis and the coordination of fault handling.

[0003] In existing technologies, electrical variable monitoring for distribution boxes typically uses fixed-point sampling, involving a data acquisition and control system. This involves industrial data collection, processing, and analysis, collecting basic parameters such as current and voltage, and triggering alarms when those parameters exceed preset thresholds. Some solutions incorporate auxiliary analysis using distribution network topology diagrams, determining the potential impact of faults based on node connection relationships, and making preliminary judgments about fault types based on the characteristics of a single electrical variable (such as a sudden change in current). Simple protection measures (such as tripping and current limiting) are also implemented to address these anomalies.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have a large number of problems: anomaly detection relies only on fixed thresholds, making it difficult to capture the dynamic change trends of electrical variables and prone to false alarms or missed reports; the analysis of abnormal nodes lacks the temporal and spatial correlation dimensions, and cannot effectively identify the clustering characteristics and propagation patterns of faults; the basis for determining fault types is single, making it difficult to distinguish between local problems and overall grid problems, resulting in insufficiently targeted treatment solutions; there is a lack of a closed-loop monitoring mechanism after fault handling, which cannot ensure that the system returns to a stable state, affecting power supply reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art and provides an electric variable regulation monitoring method and system for a distribution box.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems with the following technical solutions: a method for monitoring electric variable regulation in a distribution box, the method comprising:

[0007] Real-time collection of core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area, including current, voltage, and power factor, generates dynamic monitoring snapshots. When any of the core electrical variables is detected to exceed the preset threshold, an abnormality mark is automatically triggered, and the abnormality mark time and the geographical coordinates of the corresponding distribution box are simultaneously recorded;

[0008] Obtain the distribution network topology map, perform spatiotemporal correlation analysis on distribution boxes with abnormal markers, calculate the abnormal time concentration and spatial distribution density, determine whether a temporal or spatial cluster event has formed, and generate a correlation circle;

[0009] Based on the spatial distribution range of the distribution boxes with abnormal marks within the association circle, the number of branches involved, the change characteristics of the core electrical variables and the duration of the abnormality, the fault type is determined, including local problems and overall grid problems, and treatment plans are set for local problems and overall grid problems respectively;

[0010] Continuously monitor the fault problem handling results of the distribution box with abnormal marks. After the fault is resolved, continue to monitor the core electrical variables until the stability judgment standard is reached, release the current limiting instruction and generate a repair report.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the real-time collection of core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area specifically includes:

[0012] Distributed sensors are used to synchronously collect the current, voltage, and power factor data of each distribution box in a high-frequency sampling manner as core electrical variables, and electrical variable data packets are generated at a fixed period;

[0013] Calculate the real-time change gradient of each core electrical variable. When the gradient value of any core electrical variable continuously exceeds the historical benchmark change range, trigger an abnormal flag, record the abnormal flag timestamp and the geographical coordinates of the distribution box;

[0014] The abnormal variable type, timestamp, and geographic coordinates of the distribution box are encapsulated into a structured snapshot data package and stored in the real-time database.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the real-time change gradient of each core electrical variable is calculated:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, is the real-time gradient of the core electrical variable $x$; For a distribution box at time The collected core electrical variable values; For the same distribution box at time The core electrical variable values ​​collected, > ; is the time interval between two samples.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention, the spatiotemporal correlation analysis of the distribution box with abnormal markers specifically includes:

[0019] Retrieve the distribution network topology diagram containing the connection relationship and spatial location of the distribution box nodes from the distribution network management system, and analyze the electrical connection path of the distribution box with abnormal mark in the distribution network topology diagram;

[0020] Based on the electrical connection path, the set of adjacent distribution box nodes with direct electrical connections is identified, the time concentration of abnormal marks of topological adjacent nodes is calculated, and a time cluster event is generated when the time concentration exceeds the pre-configured time cluster threshold;

[0021] Calculate the geographic distribution density of all distribution boxes with abnormal markers, and generate a spatial cluster event when the distribution density exceeds the pre-configured spatial cluster threshold;

[0022] The set of all distribution box nodes covered by the temporal cluster events and spatial cluster events is integrated to generate an association circle with spatial boundaries and temporal attributes, and the covered branch line paths and upper-level substations are marked.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention, the time concentration of abnormal marks of adjacent nodes of the topology is calculated:

[0024] ;

[0025] Temporal concentration of abnormal markings for topologically adjacent nodes; The number of nodes with abnormal marks in the time window among the adjacent nodes that are directly electrically connected to the target abnormal distribution box; The timestamp of the latest abnormal mark among adjacent abnormal nodes; The timestamp of the earliest abnormal mark among the adjacent abnormal nodes; is the minimum value;

[0026] Calculate the geographic distribution density of all distribution boxes with abnormal markers:

[0027] ;

[0028] in, is the geographical distribution density of abnormal distribution boxes; The total number of distribution boxes with abnormal marks; The area of ​​the minimum circumscribed polygon formed by the geographical locations of all abnormal distribution boxes;

[0029] Generate a correlation circle with spatial boundaries and temporal attributes:

[0030] ;

[0031] in, ;

[0032] is the space-time matrix of the correlation circle; is the total number of all distribution box nodes in the distribution network; The total number of time intervals covered by the association circle; is a matrix element, 1 represents the The distribution box node is in the The time interval belongs to the correlation circle, that is, it is covered by the time cluster event or space cluster event, and 0 means it does not belong to it.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention, the fault type determination specifically includes:

[0034] Analyze the electrical branch topology of the distribution boxes within the association circle, count the number of independent branches spanned by the association circle, and perform dynamic feature analysis;

[0035] The dynamic feature analysis includes:

[0036] Calculate the relative rate of change of the effective value of the current before and after the abnormal mark occurs;

[0037] Record the maximum deviation amplitude of the voltage effective value during the abnormal period;

[0038] Analyze the power factor phase angle mutation mode;

[0039] If the following conditions are met simultaneously: the correlation circle covers only a single branch, the current relative change rate exceeds the preset sudden increase threshold, and the maximum voltage deviation amplitude is lower than the preset fluctuation upper limit, then it is determined to be a local problem;

[0040] When the following conditions are met simultaneously: the correlation circle covers multiple branches, the voltage deviation amplitude continuously exceeds the preset sag threshold, and the reactive power direction detected is opposite to the normal power supply mode, it is determined to be a problem with the entire power grid.

[0041] As a further solution of the present invention, the relative change rate of the effective value of the current before and after the abnormal mark occurs is calculated:

[0042] ;

[0043] is the relative rate of change of the effective value of the current; It is the steady-state effective value of the current of the distribution box before the abnormal mark occurs; It is the effective value of the current of the distribution box after the abnormal mark occurs;

[0044] Analysis of power factor phase angle mutation mode:

[0045] ;

[0046] ;

[0047] is the sudden change amplitude of the power factor phase angle; It is the phase angle corresponding to the power factor before the abnormal mark occurs; It is the phase angle corresponding to the power factor after the abnormal mark occurs; is the mutation rate of the phase angle; The timestamp when the phase angle stabilized before the anomaly occurred; The timestamp when the phase angle mutation is completed after the abnormality occurs is and The mutation pattern can be determined.

[0048] As a further solution of the present invention, the solution for local problems and overall grid problems is set up respectively, specifically including:

[0049] If it is determined to be a local problem, a current limiting instruction is sent to the main control switch of the branch line to which the distribution box with the abnormal mark belongs, and non-essential circuits are cut off. A disposal sheet containing the location coordinates of the distribution box with the abnormal mark, recommended inspection points, and a temporary power supply plan is pushed to the operation and maintenance terminal, and local dynamic voltage compensation is initiated at the same time.

[0050] If it is determined to be an overall power grid problem, a coordination request and abnormal data within the associated circle will be sent to the regional distribution station, the regional voltage stabilization mode will be activated, a load limit warning will be pushed to industrial users within the coverage of the associated circle, and the backup power supply will be switched to important load nodes.

[0051] As a further solution of the present invention, the continuous monitoring of the fault problem handling results of the distribution box with abnormal markings specifically includes:

[0052] Generates repair verification instructions for local problems and, upon receiving a repair completion signal, restores the cut-off non-essential circuits. Monitors transient electrical characteristics during the restoration process and confirms the repair is effective when the transient electrical characteristics meet predefined safety standards.

[0053] In response to overall power grid problems, the output voltage of the upper-level power node is coordinated and adjusted, and the core electrical variables are continuously monitored at the boundary monitoring points of the associated circle until steady-state operating conditions are reached. All temporary control instructions are then released and a closed-loop fault handling report is generated.

[0054] Another object of the present invention is to provide an electric variable regulation monitoring system for a distribution box, the system comprising:

[0055] The core electrical variable real-time acquisition module is used to collect the core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area in real time, including current, voltage and power factor, and generate dynamic monitoring snapshots. When any of the core electrical variables is detected to exceed the preset threshold, an abnormality mark is automatically triggered, and the abnormality mark time and the geographical coordinates of the corresponding distribution box are simultaneously recorded;

[0056] The distribution network topology analysis module is used to obtain the distribution network topology, perform spatiotemporal correlation analysis on distribution boxes with abnormal markers, calculate the abnormal time concentration and spatial distribution density, determine whether a time cluster event or a spatial cluster event has formed, and generate a correlation circle;

[0057] A fault type determination module is used to determine the fault type, including local problems and overall grid problems, based on the spatial distribution range of the distribution boxes with abnormal marks within the association circle, the number of branches involved, the change characteristics of the core electrical variables, and the duration of the abnormality, and to set treatment plans for local problems and overall grid problems respectively;

[0058] The fault handling monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the fault problem handling results of the distribution box with abnormal marks. After the fault is resolved, the core electrical variables are continuously monitored until the stability judgment standard is reached, the current limiting instruction is released and a repair report is generated.

[0059] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0060] The present invention achieves all-round intelligent management of the distribution network operation status by constructing a complete technical system of real-time perception-correlation analysis-precise judgment-closed-loop verification. This solution combines distributed high-frequency acquisition with dynamic gradient analysis. It can not only capture subtle changes in electrical variables in real time, but also identify potential anomalies in advance through historical benchmark comparison, thereby improving the sensitivity and accuracy of anomaly detection from the source. Based on the spatiotemporal correlation analysis of the distribution network topology, the scattered abnormal nodes are integrated into correlation circles with clear boundaries through quantitative calculation of time concentration and spatial distribution density, breaking through the limitations of traditional isolated analysis and accurately outlining the propagation path and impact range of the fault. The fault judgment mechanism combines the branch topology with the dynamic characteristics of electrical variables to achieve a scientific distinction between local problems and overall grid problems, providing a reliable basis for targeted processing. The closed-loop monitoring and repair verification after fault processing ensures a smooth transition from fault removal to stable operation of the system, avoiding the risk of secondary faults. Overall, through the organic connection and synergy of various links, the solution significantly improves the abnormal response speed, fault location accuracy and processing efficiency of the distribution network, effectively enhances the power supply reliability and safety, reduces unnecessary manual intervention, and provides an integrated solution for the intelligent operation and maintenance of the distribution network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1A flow chart of a method for regulating and monitoring electric variables in a distribution box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 A flowchart of the embodiment of the present invention for real-time collection of core electrical variables of each distribution box in a region;

[0063] Figure 3 A flow chart of performing spatiotemporal correlation analysis on a distribution box with abnormal markers provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 A flowchart for determining the fault type provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 5 A flowchart of the problem handling results of continuously monitoring a distribution box with an abnormal mark provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of an electric variable regulation and monitoring system for a distribution box provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically specified.

[0069] In the description of this application, the term "for example" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration or explanation". Any embodiment described as "for example" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is given to enable any person skilled in the art to implement and use the present invention. In the following description, details are listed for the purpose of explanation. It should be understood that a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the present invention can be implemented without using these specific details. In other examples, well-known structures and processes will not be elaborated in detail to avoid obscuring the description of the present invention with unnecessary details. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0070] Figure 1 The flow chart of the electric variable adjustment monitoring method for the distribution box provided in the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0071] S100 collects core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area in real time, including current, voltage, and power factor, and generates dynamic monitoring snapshots. When any of these core electrical variables exceeds a preset threshold, it automatically triggers an abnormality flag and simultaneously records the abnormality flagging time and the geographic coordinates of the corresponding distribution box.

[0072] Distributed sensors are used to synchronously collect the core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area. Distributed deployment is chosen because distribution boxes are usually scattered in different geographical areas. Centralized collection cannot take into account the real-time and synchronization of each point. Distributed sensors can be close to each monitoring node to ensure the consistency of data such as current, voltage and power factor in the time dimension, avoiding temporal and spatial deviations caused by transmission delays.

[0073] The high-frequency sampling method is used to capture instantaneous changes in electrical variables. For example, a sudden increase in current during a short circuit may only last for a few milliseconds. High-frequency sampling can fully record this process and prevent the omission of key abnormal information. At the same time, electrical variable data packets are generated at a fixed period, which not only ensures the regularity of the data and facilitates subsequent analysis according to time windows, but also avoids the impact of data floods on the system processing capabilities.

[0074] Calculate the real-time gradient of each core electrical variable. Quantify the rate of change of the electrical variable through formulas, focusing on the trend of change. For example, although the current value does not exceed the absolute threshold, a rapid increase in a short period of time (i.e., the gradient value is too large) may indicate that the line is about to overload. This dynamic analysis can detect potential risks earlier.

[0075] Comparing the gradient value with the historical benchmark range and requiring continuous exceeding of the range to trigger an abnormal flag is to filter out accidental measurement errors or transient interference, such as value jumps caused by short-term fluctuations in the sensor. The "continuous exceeding" condition can greatly reduce the false alarm rate.

[0076] When an anomaly marker is triggered, its timestamp and geographic coordinates are recorded synchronously. The timestamp ensures the precise moment of the anomaly's occurrence can be traced, while the geographic coordinates provide a spatial anchor for subsequent location of the fault area. The combination of the two ensures that the anomaly information has complete spatiotemporal attributes. Finally, the anomaly variable type, timestamp, and geographic coordinates are packaged into a structured snapshot data packet and stored in a real-time database. This structured format facilitates rapid data retrieval and analysis, while the real-time database ensures immediate data availability, providing low-latency data support for subsequent steps such as spatiotemporal correlation analysis.

[0077] like Figure 2 As shown, the real-time collection of core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area specifically includes:

[0078] S110, using distributed sensors to synchronously collect current, voltage, and power factor data from each distribution box as core electrical variables in a high-frequency sampling manner, and generate electrical variable data packets at a fixed period;

[0079] S120, calculating the real-time change gradient of each core electrical variable. When the gradient value of any core electrical variable continuously exceeds the historical benchmark change range, triggering an abnormal flag, recording the abnormal flag timestamp and the geographical coordinates of the distribution box;

[0080] S130: Encapsulate the abnormal variable type, timestamp, and geographic coordinates of the distribution box into a structured snapshot data packet and store it in a real-time database.

[0081] In this step, the real-time change gradient of each core electrical variable is calculated:

[0082] ;

[0083] in, is the real-time gradient of the core electrical variable $x$; For a distribution box at time The collected core electrical variable values; For the same distribution box at time The core electrical variable values ​​collected, > ; is the time interval between two samples.

[0084] S200: Obtain a distribution network topology map, perform spatiotemporal correlation analysis on distribution boxes with abnormal markers, calculate the abnormal time concentration and spatial distribution density, determine whether a temporal cluster event or a spatial cluster event has formed, and generate a correlation circle;

[0085] A topological map containing the connection relationship and spatial location of distribution box nodes is retrieved from the distribution network management system, providing a dual reference system of "electrical context" and "geographic coordinates" for anomaly analysis. The electrical connection relationship determines the possible propagation path of the fault, while the spatial location reflects the geographical distribution characteristics of the anomaly. The combination of the two lays the foundation for correlation analysis.

[0086] On this basis, the electrical connection paths of the distribution boxes with abnormal marks are analyzed to clarify the neighbor relationships of abnormal nodes. Because the spread of electrical faults often follows the laws of physical connections, the abnormal status of adjacent nodes is more likely to be causally related to the abnormality of the target node. This provides a basis for node screening for subsequent concentration analysis in the time dimension.

[0087] Furthermore, the temporal concentration of anomaly markers for adjacent nodes in the topology is calculated, quantifying the temporal density of anomaly occurrences in adjacent nodes using a formula. The essence of this calculation is to determine whether anomalies are temporally contagious: when the temporal concentration exceeds a threshold, it indicates that anomalies on adjacent nodes cluster within a short period of time, likely originating from the same fault source. The resulting temporal cluster events can effectively identify the temporal diffusion characteristics of faults.

[0088] Calculating the geographic distribution density of abnormal distribution boxes is used to quantitatively analyze spatial dimensions and determine whether anomalies exhibit spatial clustering. When the spatial distribution density exceeds a threshold, it indicates a high degree of geographical concentration of anomalies, likely influenced by a common external factor. The resulting spatial cluster events can capture the regional spread of faults.

[0089] The resulting correlation circles, using a space-time matrix, fuse temporal and spatial clustering events, consolidating scattered abnormal nodes into analytical units with clear spatial boundaries and temporal attributes. This approach transcends the limitations of single-dimensional analysis: temporal clusters reflect the propagation speed and timeliness of faults, while spatial clusters reflect the scope and geographic characteristics of fault impact. Correlation circles combine these two, clarifying both the geographic area affected by the anomaly and the time interval over which the anomaly persisted. They also link the branch line path to the upstream substation, providing a clear analytical boundary for determining whether the fault is a local branch line issue or a grid-wide problem.

[0090] like Figure 3 As shown, the spatiotemporal correlation analysis of the distribution box with abnormal markers specifically includes:

[0091] S210, retrieving a distribution network topology map including the connection relationship and spatial location of distribution box nodes from the distribution network management system, and parsing the electrical connection path of the distribution box with the abnormal mark in the distribution network topology map;

[0092] S220, based on the electrical connection path, identifying a set of adjacent distribution box nodes that are directly electrically connected, calculating a time concentration of abnormality marks of topological adjacent nodes, and generating a time cluster event when the time concentration exceeds a preconfigured time cluster threshold;

[0093] S230, calculating the geographical location distribution density of all distribution boxes with abnormal markers, and generating a spatial cluster event when the distribution density exceeds a pre-configured spatial cluster threshold;

[0094] S240: All distribution box node sets covered by the temporal cluster events and the spatial cluster events are integrated to generate a correlation circle with spatial boundaries and temporal attributes, and the covered branch line paths and upper-level substations are marked.

[0095] In this step, the time concentration of abnormal marks of topological adjacent nodes is calculated:

[0096] ;

[0097] Temporal concentration of abnormal markings for topologically adjacent nodes; The number of nodes with abnormal marks in the time window among the adjacent nodes that are directly electrically connected to the target abnormal distribution box; The timestamp of the latest abnormal mark among adjacent abnormal nodes; The timestamp of the earliest abnormal mark among the adjacent abnormal nodes; is the minimum value;

[0098] Calculate the geographic distribution density of all distribution boxes with abnormal markers:

[0099] ;

[0100] in, is the geographical distribution density of abnormal distribution boxes; The total number of distribution boxes with abnormal marks; The area of ​​the minimum circumscribed polygon formed by the geographical locations of all abnormal distribution boxes;

[0101] Generate a correlation circle with spatial boundaries and temporal attributes:

[0102] ;

[0103] in, ;

[0104] is the space-time matrix of the correlation circle; is the total number of all distribution box nodes in the distribution network; The total number of time intervals covered by the association circle; is a matrix element, 1 represents the The distribution box node is in the The time interval belongs to the correlation circle, that is, it is covered by the time cluster event or space cluster event, and 0 means it does not belong to it.

[0105] S300, determining the fault type, including local problems and grid-wide problems, based on the spatial distribution range of the distribution boxes with abnormal markings within the association circle, the number of involved branches, the change characteristics of the core electrical variables, and the duration of the abnormality, and setting treatment plans for the local problems and the grid-wide problems respectively;

[0106] Analyze the electrical branch topology of the distribution boxes within the associated circle and count the number of independent branches spanned. The essence of this operation is to define the impact range of the fault from the electrical structure level. Abnormalities in a single branch are more likely to be caused by local equipment failures, while abnormalities in multiple branches suggest that the problem may occur in the upper-level power grid or public power supply link, providing a structural basis for the preliminary classification of fault types.

[0107] Dynamic characteristic analysis based on this analysis reveals the nature of the fault through quantified changes in electrical variables. Calculating the relative rate of change of the effective current value before and after the abnormality occurs accurately reflects the severity of the current fluctuation by comparing the magnitude of the current change to the initial value. Compared to simply measuring the current difference, the relative rate of change eliminates the influence of differences in the rated current of different distribution boxes, allowing for a more objective assessment of the presence of problems such as local overload or short circuit.

[0108] The maximum deviation of the effective voltage value during the abnormal period is recorded in order to evaluate the power supply stability of the power grid. Local problems usually only affect the voltage in a small area, and the deviation is limited, while overall problems may cause regional voltage drops and significant deviations.

[0109] When analyzing the power factor phase angle mutation mode, Reflects the change in phase angle, The rate of change is quantified by the time difference, and the combination of the two can distinguish the nature of the fault: for example, the sudden startup of a local device may cause a small and rapid mutation in the phase angle, while an overall reactive power imbalance in the power grid may cause a large and continuous shift in the phase angle, and even be accompanied by a reversal of the reactive power direction. This provides a key basis for distinguishing between local load disturbances and systemic problems in the power grid.

[0110] The rules for determining fault types embody the dual verification logic of structure + characteristics: when the correlation circle covers only a single branch, the relative rate of change of current exceeds the limit and the voltage offset is small, it is determined to be a local problem. This is because the scope of a single branch limits the spread of the fault. The sudden increase in current usually originates from a short circuit or overload within the branch, while the small voltage fluctuation indicates that the upper-level power grid is not significantly affected. When the correlation circle covers multiple branches, the voltage offset continuously exceeds the limit and the reactive power direction is abnormal, it is determined to be an overall power grid problem. This is because the simultaneous impact of multiple branches suggests that the fault is located in the public power supply link, and the voltage sag and reactive power reversal reflect the systemic disorder of the power grid energy transmission.

[0111] The processing plans set for different fault types follow the principle of precise policy implementation: for local problems, load pressure is reduced by limiting current and cutting off non-essential circuits, and local power supply stability is maintained through dynamic voltage compensation. At the same time, processing orders are pushed to guide operation and maintenance to focus on a single point; for overall problems, a regional coordination mechanism is activated, and through distribution station adjustment, load limit warning and backup power supply switching, the load and power supply capacity are balanced at the system level to ensure the continuous operation of important loads.

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, the determination of the fault type specifically includes:

[0113] S310, analyzing the electrical branch topology of the distribution boxes in the association circle, counting the number of independent branches spanned by the association circle, and performing dynamic feature analysis;

[0114] The dynamic feature analysis includes:

[0115] Calculate the relative rate of change of the effective value of the current before and after the abnormal mark occurs;

[0116] Record the maximum deviation amplitude of the voltage effective value during the abnormal period;

[0117] Analyze the power factor phase angle mutation mode;

[0118] S320: If the following conditions are met simultaneously: the correlation circle covers only a single branch, the current relative change rate exceeds a preset sudden increase threshold, and the maximum voltage deviation amplitude is lower than a preset fluctuation upper limit, then it is determined to be a local problem;

[0119] S330: When the following conditions are met simultaneously: the correlation circle covers multiple branches, the voltage deviation amplitude continuously exceeds the preset sag threshold, and the reactive power direction detected is opposite to the normal power supply mode, it is determined that there is a problem with the entire power grid.

[0120] In this step, the relative change rate of the effective value of the current before and after the abnormal mark occurs is calculated:

[0121] ;

[0122] is the relative rate of change of the effective value of the current; It is the steady-state effective value of the current of the distribution box before the abnormal mark occurs; It is the effective value of the current of the distribution box after the abnormal mark occurs;

[0123] Analysis of power factor phase angle mutation mode:

[0124] ;

[0125] ;

[0126] is the sudden change amplitude of the power factor phase angle; It is the phase angle corresponding to the power factor before the abnormal mark occurs; It is the phase angle corresponding to the power factor after the abnormal mark occurs; is the mutation rate of the phase angle; The timestamp when the phase angle stabilized before the anomaly occurred; The timestamp when the phase angle mutation is completed after the abnormality occurs is and The mutation pattern can be determined.

[0127] In this step, solutions are set for local problems and overall grid problems, including:

[0128] If it is determined to be a local problem, a current limiting instruction is sent to the main control switch of the branch line to which the distribution box with the abnormal mark belongs, and non-essential circuits are cut off. A disposal sheet containing the location coordinates of the distribution box with the abnormal mark, recommended inspection points, and a temporary power supply plan is pushed to the operation and maintenance terminal, and local dynamic voltage compensation is initiated at the same time.

[0129] If it is determined to be an overall power grid problem, a coordination request and abnormal data within the associated circle will be sent to the regional distribution station, the regional voltage stabilization mode will be activated, a load limit warning will be pushed to industrial users within the coverage of the associated circle, and the backup power supply will be switched to important load nodes.

[0130] S400, continuously monitoring the fault problem handling result of the distribution box with abnormal mark, and continuously monitoring the core electrical variables until the stability judgment standard is reached after the fault is resolved, releasing the current limiting instruction and generating a repair report.

[0131] For local problems, the essence of generating repair verification instructions is to activate the effect verification mechanism. After receiving the repair completion signal, the system is not fully restored directly, but the non-essential circuits that were cut off are restored first. The purpose of this operation is to test whether the repaired line can withstand the normal operating pressure by gradually increasing the load, avoiding the load shock caused by a one-time restoration. At the same time, the transient electrical characteristics of the recovery process are monitored, including the impact peak of the current, the instantaneous fluctuation of the voltage, the instantaneous offset of the power factor, etc. These transient characteristics can reflect the stability of the line recovery. If the transient characteristics meet the predefined safety standards, it means that the repair is truly effective. Otherwise, the repair may be incomplete and need to be re-investigated.

[0132] To address overall grid issues, coordinated regulation of the output voltage of upstream power nodes is designed to balance power supply and load at the system level. These issues often involve widespread voltage or power imbalances, making it difficult to restore global stability through regulation of a single node. Therefore, upstream power sources are required to gradually bring the electrical variables within the associated loop back to normal by adjusting output voltage and performing reactive power compensation.

[0133] The core electrical variables are continuously monitored at the boundary monitoring points of the association circle because the boundary nodes are the interface between the overall power grid and the association circle. The state of their electrical variables can reflect the impact of global regulation on the association circle. When the current, voltage, and power factor of the boundary nodes remain stable in the normal range (that is, they reach steady-state operating conditions), it means that the entire association circle has been integrated into normal power grid operation. At this time, all temporary control instructions are released to avoid excessive intervention that affects the economic efficiency of the power grid.

[0134] like Figure 5 As shown, the results of the troubleshooting of the distribution box with abnormal markings under continuous monitoring specifically include:

[0135] S410, generating a repair verification instruction for the local problem, and after receiving a repair completion signal, restoring the cut-off non-essential circuits, monitoring transient electrical characteristics during the restoration process, and confirming that the repair is effective when the transient electrical characteristics meet predefined safety standards;

[0136] S420, in response to the overall problems of the power grid, coordinately adjust the output voltage of the upper power node, continuously monitor the core electrical variables at the boundary monitoring points of the associated circle until the steady-state operating conditions are reached, release all temporary control instructions and generate a fault handling closed-loop report.

[0137] Figure 6 The structural block diagram of the electric variable adjustment monitoring system for the distribution box provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the system includes:

[0138] The core electrical variable real-time acquisition module 100 is used to collect core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area in real time, including current, voltage, and power factor, and generate dynamic monitoring snapshots. When any of the core electrical variables is detected to exceed a preset threshold, an abnormality mark is automatically triggered, and the abnormality mark time and the geographical coordinates of the corresponding distribution box are simultaneously recorded;

[0139] The distribution network topology analysis module 200 is used to obtain the distribution network topology, perform spatiotemporal correlation analysis on the distribution boxes with abnormal markers, calculate the abnormal time concentration and spatial distribution density, determine whether a time cluster event or a spatial cluster event has formed, and generate a correlation circle;

[0140] The fault type determination module 300 is configured to determine the fault type, including local problems and grid-wide problems, based on the spatial distribution range of the distribution boxes with abnormal markings within the association circle, the number of branches involved, the change characteristics of the core electrical variables, and the duration of the abnormality, and to set treatment plans for the local problems and the grid-wide problems respectively;

[0141] The fault processing monitoring module 400 is used to continuously monitor the fault problem processing results of the distribution box with abnormal marks, and after the fault is resolved, continuously monitor the core electrical variables until the stability judgment standard is reached, release the current limiting instruction and generate a repair report.

[0142] It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0144] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded computer, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0145] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0146] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A step that specifies a function in one or more boxes.

[0147] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0148] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring electric variable regulation of a distribution box, characterized in that: The method includes: real-time collection of core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area, including current, voltage and power factor, generating a dynamic monitoring snapshot, automatically triggering an abnormality mark when any of the core electrical variables is detected to exceed a preset threshold, and synchronously recording the abnormality mark time and the geographical coordinates of the corresponding distribution box; obtaining a distribution network topology map, performing spatiotemporal correlation analysis on the distribution boxes with abnormal marks, calculating the abnormal time concentration and spatial distribution density, determining whether a time cluster event or a space cluster event is formed, and generating an association circle; determining the fault type, including local problems and overall grid problems, based on the spatial distribution range of the distribution boxes with abnormal marks in the association circle, the number of branches involved, the change characteristics of the core electrical variables and the abnormal duration, and setting processing solutions for the local problems and overall grid problems respectively; continuously monitoring the fault problem processing results of the distribution boxes with abnormal marks, and continuously monitoring the core electrical variables after the fault is resolved until the stability judgment standard is reached, releasing the current limiting instruction and generating a repair report.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The real-time collection of core electrical variables of each distribution box in the area specifically includes: synchronously collecting the current, voltage and power factor data of each distribution box as core electrical variables in a high-frequency sampling manner through distributed sensors, and generating electrical variable data packets at a fixed period; calculating the real-time change gradient of each core electrical variable, and when any core electrical variable gradient value continuously exceeds the historical benchmark change range, triggering an abnormal mark, recording the abnormal mark timestamp and the geographical coordinates of the distribution box; encapsulating the abnormal variable type, timestamp and geographical coordinates of the distribution box into a structured snapshot data packet and storing it in the real-time database.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The calculation of the real-time change gradient of each core electrical variable is: ;in, is the real-time gradient of the core electrical variable $x$; For a distribution box at time The collected core electrical variable values; For the same distribution box at time The core electrical variable values ​​collected, > ; is the time interval between two samples.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The spatiotemporal correlation analysis of the distribution boxes with abnormal marks specifically includes: retrieving a distribution network topology map containing the connection relationship and spatial position of the distribution box nodes from the distribution network management system, and parsing the electrical connection path of the distribution box with abnormal marks in the distribution network topology map; based on the electrical connection path, identifying a set of adjacent distribution box nodes that are directly electrically connected, calculating the time concentration of abnormal marks of topological adjacent nodes, and generating a time cluster event when the time concentration exceeds a preconfigured time cluster threshold; calculating the geographical location distribution density of all distribution boxes with abnormal marks, and generating a space cluster event when the distribution density exceeds a preconfigured space cluster threshold; fusing the time cluster event and all distribution box node sets covered by the space cluster event to generate an association circle with spatial boundaries and time attributes, and marking the covered branch line paths and upper-level substations.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The time concentration of abnormal markers of adjacent nodes in the topology is calculated as follows: ; Temporal concentration of abnormal markings for topologically adjacent nodes; The number of nodes with abnormal marks in the time window among the adjacent nodes that are directly electrically connected to the target abnormal distribution box; The timestamp of the latest abnormal mark among adjacent abnormal nodes; The timestamp of the earliest abnormal mark among the adjacent abnormal nodes; is the minimum value; calculate the geographical distribution density of all distribution boxes with abnormal marks: ;in, is the geographical distribution density of abnormal distribution boxes; The total number of distribution boxes with abnormal marks; The area of ​​the minimum circumscribed polygon formed by the geographical locations of all abnormal distribution boxes; generate an association circle with spatial boundaries and time attributes: ;in, ; is the space-time matrix of the correlation circle; is the total number of all distribution box nodes in the distribution network; The total number of time intervals covered by the association circle; is a matrix element, 1 represents the The distribution box node is in the The time interval belongs to the correlation circle, that is, it is covered by the time cluster event or space cluster event, and 0 means it does not belong to it.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The determination of the fault type specifically includes: analyzing the electrical branch topology to which the distribution box in the association circle belongs, counting the number of independent branches spanned by the association circle, and performing dynamic feature analysis; the dynamic feature analysis includes: calculating the relative change rate of the effective current value before and after the abnormal mark occurs; recording the maximum offset amplitude of the effective voltage value during the period of the abnormality; analyzing the power factor phase angle mutation pattern; when the following conditions are met at the same time: the association circle only covers a single branch, the relative change rate of the current exceeds the preset surge threshold and the maximum voltage offset amplitude is lower than the preset fluctuation upper limit, it is determined to be a local problem; when the following conditions are met at the same time: the association circle covers multiple branches, the voltage offset amplitude continuously exceeds the preset sag threshold, and the reactive power direction is detected to be opposite to the normal power supply mode, it is determined to be an overall power grid problem.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The relative change rate of the current effective value before and after the abnormal mark is calculated: ; is the relative rate of change of the effective value of the current; It is the steady-state effective value of the current of the distribution box before the abnormal mark occurs; is the effective value of the current of the distribution box after the abnormal mark occurs; analyze the power factor phase angle mutation mode: ; ; is the sudden change amplitude of the power factor phase angle; It is the phase angle corresponding to the power factor before the abnormal mark occurs; It is the phase angle corresponding to the power factor after the abnormal mark occurs; is the mutation rate of the phase angle; The timestamp when the phase angle stabilized before the anomaly occurred; The timestamp when the phase angle mutation is completed after the abnormality occurs is and The mutation pattern can be determined.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The aforementioned solutions are respectively set for local problems and overall grid problems, specifically including: if it is determined to be a local problem, a current limiting instruction is sent to the main control switch of the branch line to which the distribution box with the abnormal mark belongs, and non-essential circuits are cut off; a disposal sheet containing the location coordinates of the distribution box with the abnormal mark, recommended inspection points and a temporary power supply plan is pushed to the operation and maintenance terminal, and local dynamic voltage compensation is started at the same time; if it is determined to be an overall grid problem, a coordination request and abnormal data within the associated circle are sent to the regional distribution station, the regional voltage stabilization mode is started, a load limit warning is pushed to industrial users within the coverage of the associated circle, and the backup power supply is switched to important load nodes.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The continuous monitoring of the fault problem handling results of the distribution box with abnormal markings specifically includes: generating a repair verification instruction for the local problem, and after receiving the repair completion signal, restoring the cut-off non-essential circuit, monitoring the transient electrical characteristics during the restoration process, and confirming that the repair is effective when the transient electrical characteristics meet the predefined safety standards; for the overall problem of the power grid, collaboratively adjusting the output voltage of the upper power supply node, continuously monitoring the core electrical variables at the boundary monitoring point of the associated circle until the steady-state operating conditions are reached, releasing all temporary control instructions and generating a fault handling closed-loop report.

10. The electric variable regulation monitoring system for the distribution box is characterized by: The system includes: a core electrical variable real-time acquisition module for real-time acquisition of core electrical variables, including current, voltage, and power factor, of each distribution box in a region, generating a dynamic monitoring snapshot. When any of the core electrical variables is detected to exceed a preset threshold, an abnormality mark is automatically triggered, and the time of the abnormality mark and the geographical coordinates of the corresponding distribution box are synchronously recorded; a distribution network topology analysis module for obtaining a distribution network topology, performing spatiotemporal correlation analysis on distribution boxes with abnormality marks, calculating the abnormality time concentration and spatial distribution density, determining whether a temporal cluster event or a spatial cluster event has formed, and generating a correlation circle; a fault type determination module for determining the fault type, including local problems and grid-wide problems, based on the spatial distribution range of distribution boxes with abnormality marks within the correlation circle, the number of branches involved, the change characteristics of the core electrical variables, and the duration of the abnormality, and setting treatment plans for local problems and grid-wide problems respectively; and a fault handling monitoring module for continuously monitoring the fault problem handling results of the distribution boxes with abnormality marks. After the fault is resolved, the core electrical variables are continuously monitored until they meet the stability determination standard, the current limiting instruction is released, and a repair report is generated.

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