Method for determining shot-geophone relationship

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a shot-geophone relationship, and belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration data processing. The method comprises the following steps: dividing detection point data recorded by a seismic single shot into positive offset detection point data and negative offset detection point data according to a relative offset principle, and respectively carrying out linear dynamic correction and common shot point superposition on the positive offset detection point data and the negative offset detection point data; and detecting the shot-geophone relationship by using a cross-correlation result and a similarity coefficient of the two kinds of superposition data. According to the method, positive and negative offset distances are utilized to construct positive and negative two groups of superposed data, so that the influence that the single-shot linear dynamic correction first arrival cannot be leveled when the speeds of the two sides of a shot point are inconsistent is avoided; and meanwhile, data cross-correlation and similarity coefficients are utilized, a qualitative judgment problem is solved by mathematical quantitative parameters, efficient and accurate automatic detection of the shot-geophone relationship is realized, and reliable acquisition data is provided for seismic exploration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a method for determining shot-receiver relationship, belonging to the field of seismic exploration data processing technology. Background Technology

[0002] High-quality seismic data is crucial for improving seismic exploration work, and seismic data quality control is essential throughout the entire seismic exploration production process. Seismic data acquisition involves generating artificial seismic waves at shot points designated by the observation system, and receiving the returned seismic waves generated at the interfaces of various geological structural layers underground through receivers arranged according to specific rules and methods. The observation system refers to the relative positional relationship between the shot points and receivers, generally including the coordinates, shot number, and trace number of both the shot and receiver points. The accuracy of the observation system has a significant impact on subsequent processing procedures and the quality of data processing. Due to the highly complex surface of seismic exploration areas, factors such as equipment and personnel negligence can cause errors between the theoretical shot point coordinates designed in the laboratory and the actual production shot point coordinates. Incorrect shot point coordinates will result in errors in the corresponding shot-receiver relationships and observation system information. Therefore, checking the shot-receiver relationships, locating the shot point coordinates, and obtaining accurate seismic data observation system information is the most basic and crucial first step in seismic data quality monitoring.

[0003] Currently, the methods for checking the relationship between shot and inspection are divided into two main categories: one is based on the original first arrival of a single shot, such as the cut-off curve method and the first arrival inversion method; the other is the first arrival processing method.

[0004] The cut-off curve method compares the correspondence between the theoretical shot-receiver offset curve and the actual first arrival to determine whether the physical location of the actual shot point in the seismic data matches the theoretical shot point location. Its advantage is that it allows for visual inspection of each shot of the seismic data. However, its disadvantages include difficulty in judging small positional deviations of the shot point when the actual first arrival of a single shot is unclear (e.g., poor initial jump near the shot point, or high background noise causing severe interference with the first arrival wave); it requires manual comparison of each shot individually, which is highly subjective and cannot provide timely automatic error messages regarding the shot-receiver relationship, making it time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. The first arrival inversion method extracts the actual first arrival time from the seismic single-shot data and calculates the actual shot point coordinates using the least squares fitting principle or Gaussian iteration method. This method can be automated and adapts to complex surface conditions, but its calculation accuracy is greatly affected by the first arrival of the single-shot data. The inversion process requires solving overdetermined equations, resulting in low efficiency and unsuitability for real-time monitoring and analysis of high-density, massive data.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN1712992A discloses a method for determining the accuracy of shot and receiver locations using linear dynamic correction. This method scans the observation system graph and seismic trace graph, checking the first arrival curve linear dynamic correction result for each shot to see if it is a straight line, thereby determining whether there is a shift in the shot location. While this method can detect shot-receiver relationships, selecting the linear dynamic correction velocity is difficult when the stratum velocity changes rapidly laterally, and the accuracy is hard to guarantee when the linear dynamic correction result is irregular.

[0006] Chinese patent application CN110794479A discloses a method based on a near-track stacking inspection and observation system. This method uses single-shot near-tracks to form a stacked profile to check for anomalies in the continuity of the phase axis and to determine whether there are any problems with the shot point positions. Although this method can detect the shot-inspection relationship, it requires manual qualitative judgment of the profile's directionality, which is highly subjective. Especially when inspecting massive amounts of data, it can only repeatedly magnify and check local areas of the stacked profile, resulting in low work efficiency and a high risk of missed detections. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for determining the relationship between shot and inspection, so as to solve the problems of low efficiency and low accuracy in the current process of determining the relationship between shot and inspection.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a method for determining the relationship between shot and inspection, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] 1) Based on the principle of relative offset, the receiver data of a single seismic shot is divided into positive offset receiver data and negative offset receiver data;

[0010] 2) Preprocess the obtained positive offset detector point data and negative offset detector point data, the preprocessing including at least linear dynamic correction processing;

[0011] 3) Select at least a portion of the offsets from the preprocessed positive offset receiver data and perform common shot point stacking to obtain positive offset stacked data; select at least a portion of the offsets from the preprocessed negative offset receiver data and perform common shot point stacking to obtain negative offset stacked data.

[0012] 4) Perform cross-correlation and similarity coefficient calculations on the positive and negative offset stacked data corresponding to the single shot, and determine the shot-receiver relationship based on the time corresponding to the cross-correlation extreme value and the similarity coefficient.

[0013] Furthermore, the principle for determining the shot-receiver relationship in step 4) is as follows:

[0014] When the time corresponding to the extreme value of cross-correlation is greater than the set time threshold and the similarity coefficient is zero, the shot-detection relationship corresponding to that shot point is abnormal; when the time corresponding to the extreme value of cross-correlation is greater than the set time threshold and the similarity coefficient is non-zero, the shot-detection relationship corresponding to that shot point is normal; when the time corresponding to the extreme value of cross-correlation is not greater than the set time threshold, the shot-detection relationship corresponding to that shot point is normal.

[0015] Furthermore, in step 4), when performing cross-correlation calculations, the cross-correlation time window used contains at least two complete waveforms starting from the first arrival wave.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4), when calculating the similarity coefficient, the similarity coefficient time window used contains at least two complete waveforms starting from the first arrival wave.

[0017] Furthermore, the detector point data selected in step 3) at least partially offset refers to detector point channels with stable initial arrival and clear start-up.

[0018] Furthermore, the formula used for calculating the similarity coefficient is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Where S AB Let A(n) and B(n) be the similarity coefficients, where A(n) represents the positive offset stacked data and B(n) represents the negative offset stacked data. Let A(n) be the average value. Let B(n) be the average value.

[0021] Furthermore, the calculation formula used for the cross-correlation calculation is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] R AB (m) is the normalized cross-correlation function sequence of A(n) and B(n), where A(n) is the positive offset stacked data, B(n) is the negative offset stacked data, and m is the delay of the cross-correlation function sequence.

[0024] Furthermore, the preprocessing in step 2) also includes static elevation correction of the data obtained in step 1) to obtain single-shot data with linear first arrival waves.

[0025] Furthermore, step 2) also includes anomaly removal processing on the data that has undergone elevation static correction.

[0026] Furthermore, the set time threshold is taken as half the apparent period length.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on the principle of relative offset, this invention divides the receiver data from a single seismic shot record into positive offset receiver data and negative offset receiver data. Linear dynamic correction and common-shot point stacking are then performed on both types of receiver data to obtain positive offset stacked data and negative offset stacked data. The cross-correlation results and similarity coefficients of the two types of stacked data are used to detect the shot-receiver relationship. This invention utilizes positive and negative offset receiver traces to construct two sets of stacked data, avoiding the influence of inconsistent velocities on both sides of the shot point, which prevents the initial arrival of the single-shot linear dynamic correction from being flattened. Simultaneously, by utilizing the cross-correlation of the stacked data, qualitative judgment problems are solved with quantitative mathematical parameters, achieving efficient and accurate automatic detection of the shot-receiver relationship and providing reliable acquisition data for seismic exploration. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for determining the relationship between gun and inspection in this invention;

[0029] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the original single shot in the observation system with file number 340 loaded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the original single shot in the observation system with file number 394 loaded in this embodiment of the invention;

[0031] Figure 2c This is a schematic diagram of the original single shot in the observation system with file number 429 loaded in this embodiment of the invention;

[0032] Figure 3a This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 340, representing the positive and negative relative offset distance division in this embodiment of the invention;

[0033] Figure 3b This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 394, representing the positive and negative relative offset distance division in this embodiment of the invention;

[0034] Figure 3c This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 429, representing the positive and negative relative offset distance division in this embodiment of the invention;

[0035] Figure 4a This is a schematic diagram of a single shot with document number 340 that applies static elevation correction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4b This is a schematic diagram of a single shot with document number 394 that applies static elevation correction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4c This is a schematic diagram of a single shot with document number 429 that applies static elevation correction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5a This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 340 that removes abnormal channels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5b This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 394 that removes abnormal channels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5c This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 429 for removing abnormal channels in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 340 for linear dynamic correction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6b This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with file number 394 for linear dynamic correction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6c This is a schematic diagram of a single gun with document number 429 for linear dynamic correction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the positive and negative offset distances of the file number 340 in this embodiment of the invention being superimposed at the common shot point;

[0045] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the positive and negative offset distances of the common shot point superimposed in document number 394 of this invention embodiment;

[0046] Figure 7c This is a schematic diagram of the positive and negative offset distances of the common shot point superimposed in document number 429 of this invention embodiment;

[0047] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of the superposition and cross-correlation of the positive and negative offsets in document number 340 in this embodiment of the invention;

[0048] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of the superposition and cross-correlation of the positive and negative offsets in document number 394 in this embodiment of the invention;

[0049] Figure 8c This is a schematic diagram of the superposition and cross-correlation of the positive and negative offsets in document number 429 in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] This invention divides seismic single-shot record receiver data into positive offset receiver data and negative offset receiver data based on the relative offset principle. Common-shot-point stacking is then performed on both positive and negative offset receiver data to obtain positive offset stacked data and negative offset stacked data. The cross-correlation results and similarity coefficients of the two types of stacked data are used to detect the shot-receiver relationship. The implementation process of this method is as follows: Figure 1 As shown below, a detailed explanation will follow.

[0052] 1. Based on the principle of relative offset, the receiver data of a single seismic shot is divided into positive offset receiver data and negative offset receiver data.

[0053] Acquire single-shot data from seismic exploration and load it onto a field observation system. The observation system information includes the coordinates, shot number, and track number of the shot and receiver points. Assume that in this example, the 3D observation system information consists of 16 lines, 2 shots, and 2880 tracks, arranged longitudinally as 4475-25-50-25-4475, with a track spacing of 50m, receiver line spacing of 200m, shot spacing of 50m, and shot-line spacing of 100m. Figure 2a , Figure 2b and Figure 2c The data for a single shot with file numbers 340, 394, and 429 is displayed. The vertical axis represents the display time, the horizontal axis represents the track number, and the small flags indicate the shot locations. The shot location of file number 394 is significantly different from the first arrival minimum location, raising doubts about the shot-receiver relationship.

[0054] Offset distance is the distance from the receiver point to the shot point. Relative offset distance is the offset distance with positive and negative signs. According to the principle of relative offset distance, this invention divides the obtained receiver points of the single-shot seismic earthquake to be inspected into positive and negative offset distances, that is, the receiver point data recorded by the single-shot seismic earthquake is divided into receiver point data with positive offset distance and receiver point data with negative offset distance. Figure 3a , Figure 3b and Figure 3c The data for a single shot arranged at a near-shot point with relative offsets for file numbers 340, 394, and 429 are displayed respectively. The vertical axis is the display time marker, the horizontal axis is the track number marker, the green marker at the top is the relative offset of the corresponding track, and the red marker is a positive and negative marker line drawn with negative offset of -1 and positive offset of 1.

[0055] 2. Preprocess the positive offset receiver data and the negative offset receiver data.

[0056] To improve the stacking quality of common shot points, this invention performs corresponding static correction, spike suppression, and linear dynamic correction preprocessing on single-shot data according to GB / T 33685-2017 Technical Specification for Data Processing in Onshore Seismic Exploration. Among these, linear dynamic correction is a necessary preprocessing step.

[0057] 1) Static calibration treatment

[0058] This invention applies static elevation correction to both positive and negative offset receiver data to reduce the influence of surface elevation factors on the first arrival of a single shot, thereby obtaining single-shot data with a more linear first arrival wave. Figure 4a , Figure 4b and Figure 4c The data for a single shot with a near-shot point arrangement, with file numbers 340, 394, and 429 respectively, are displayed. The vertical axis is the display time marker, the horizontal axis is the track number marker, the red line at the top is the corresponding track elevation static correction amount, and the green line is the corresponding track receiver elevation.

[0059] 2) Outlier handling

[0060] To reduce the impact of abnormal pulse amplitude, weaken the first arrival ambiguity of a single shot caused by environmental noise, and make the overall energy level of a single shot more consistent, this invention also performs abnormal channel removal processing on the statically corrected data. This mainly involves deleting abnormal channels with a small proportion of energy level and retaining only the detector channel with a higher proportion of energy level. In this example, the energy level range of a single shot is 0–61.8. Energy levels 0–0.00001 account for 0.003%, 0.00001–0.0015 account for 83.919%, 0.0015–1 account for 16.07%, and 1–61.8 account for 0.008%. Document number 340 shows a single-shot amplitude energy level range of 0.0003–1.12, document number 394 shows a range of 0.0002–0.14, and document number 429 shows a range of 0.0002–0.08. Amplitude levels of 0.00001–0.0015 are used as valid data channels for abnormal amplitude rejection. Figure 5a , Figure 5b and Figure 5c The data for a single shot from a near-shot point arrangement with file numbers 340, 394, and 429, after applying abnormal trace removal, are displayed respectively. The vertical axis is the display time marker, the horizontal axis is the trace number marker, and the red line at the top is the amplitude energy level of the corresponding receiver trace.

[0061] 3) Dynamic correction processing

[0062] To correct the first arrival wave to a horizontal state and maximize the in-phase condition of the first arrival wave, this invention performs linear dynamic correction on the outlier-processed data. In this example, the linear dynamic correction velocity is set to the refractive layer velocity of the region at 4000 m / s. Figure 6a , Figure 6b and Figure 6cThe data for a single shot with a near-shot arrangement and file numbers 340, 394, and 429, which are applied with linear dynamic correction, are displayed respectively. The vertical axis is the display time marker, the horizontal axis is the track number marker, the green marker at the top is the relative offset of the corresponding track, the red marker is the positive and negative marker line drawn with negative offset of -1 and positive offset of 1, and the blue marker line corresponds to the offset range of 600m to 800m.

[0063] 3. Perform common shot point superposition.

[0064] This invention selects a portion of the offset receiver traces from the preprocessed seismic single-shot data and performs common shot point stacking. Specifically, it selects at least a portion of the offsets from the preprocessed positive offset receiver data and performs common shot point stacking to obtain positive offset stacked data, and selects at least a portion of the offsets from the preprocessed negative offset receiver data and performs common shot point stacking to obtain negative offset stacked data.

[0065] To improve the quality of the overlay data and overcome the problem of in-phase overlay of single-shot first-arrival linear dynamic corrections for complex surface structures, this invention selects only a portion of the offset receiver data for overlay. The selection principle is to use receiver traces with stable first arrivals and clear jumps. Following this principle, this embodiment selects mid-offset receiver traces for overlay to avoid the effects of strong energy interference at small offsets and environmental noise at large offsets. The overlay of common shot points is completed using the overlay module in the seismic exploration data processing system, with the shot point selected as the primary keyword and the relative offset as the secondary keyword.

[0066] In this embodiment, the first arrival at a small offset near the shot point is a direct wave, and the linear dynamic correction is not smoothed out. The first arrival at a large offset is affected by environmental noise, and the initial arrival is not crisp. The first arrival at a medium offset is a stable refracted wave, and the first arrival is relatively clear. In this embodiment, detector channels with offsets of ±600m to ±800m were selected to complete the common shot point superposition. Figure 7a The left side shows the superposition of common shot points with file number 340 and relative offset distance of 600m to 800m. The red line 1 at the top is the positive offset mark. Figure 7a The right side shows the superposition of common shot points with file number 340 and relative offset distances of -800m to -600m. The red line at the top, -1, indicates the negative offset distance. Figure 7b The left side shows the superposition of common shot points with file number 394 and relative offset distance of 600m to 800m. The red line 1 at the top is the positive offset mark. Figure 7b The right side shows the superposition of common shot points with file number 394 and relative offset distances of -800m to -600m. The red line at the top, -1, indicates the negative offset distance. Figure 7c The left side shows the superposition of common shot points with file number 429 and relative offset distance of 600m to 800m. The red line 1 at the top is the positive offset mark. Figure 7cThe right side shows the superposition of common shot points with file number 429 and relative offset distances of -800m to -600m. The red line at the top, -1, indicates the negative offset distance.

[0067] 4. Perform cross-correlation and similarity coefficient calculations on the obtained positive offset stacked data and negative offset stacked data corresponding to a single shot, and determine the time corresponding to the cross-correlation extreme value.

[0068] Cross-correlation calculations are performed on the positive and negative offset stacked data corresponding to each shot obtained in step 3 to obtain a stable cross-correlation result. The cross-correlation time window should ideally include two complete waveforms. In this embodiment, both complete waveforms starting from the first arrival wave are longer than 300ms, so the cross-correlation time window is selected from 0ms to 300ms. The cross-correlation of the corresponding traces is calculated as follows:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, R AB (m) is the normalized cross-correlation function sequence of A(n) and B(n), where A(n) is a single-channel sequence with positive offset and B(n) is a single-channel sequence with negative offset, and m is the delay of the cross-correlation function sequence.

[0071] Figure 8a The display shows the cross-correlation function sequence of the two common shot points of file number 340, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing amplitude. Figure 8b The display shows the cross-correlation function sequence of the two common shot points of file number 394, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing amplitude. Figure 8c The display shows the cross-correlation function sequence of the two common shot points of file number 429, with the horizontal axis representing time and the vertical axis representing amplitude.

[0072] Based on cross-correlation calculations, the characteristic parameter DT of each shot's cross-correlation function sequence can be obtained. DT represents the time corresponding to the cross-correlation extreme value, in milliseconds (ms). In this embodiment, the characteristic parameter DT of the cross-correlation function sequence in document number 340 is -4ms, the characteristic parameter DT of the cross-correlation function sequence in document number 394 is -56ms, and the characteristic parameter DT of the cross-correlation function sequence in document number 429 is -28ms.

[0073] 5. Calculate the similarity coefficient for the obtained positive offset stacked data and negative offset stacked data corresponding to a single shot.

[0074] This invention selects a shallow time window containing a stable first arrival wave for calculating the similarity coefficient of the obtained positive offset stacked data and negative offset stacked data corresponding to a single shot. The similarity coefficient time window is consistent with the cross-correlation time window, preferably containing two complete waveforms. In this embodiment, the similarity coefficient time window is selected from 0ms to 300ms, and the corresponding trace similarity coefficient is calculated as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, S AB Let A(n) and B(n) be the similarity coefficients, where A(n) is a single-channel sequence with positive offset and B(n) is a single-channel sequence with negative offset. Let A(n) be the average value. Let B(n) be the average value.

[0077] Based on calculations, the similarity coefficient for document number 340 in this embodiment is 0.731, the similarity coefficient for document number 394 is 0, and the similarity coefficient for document number 429 is 0.816.

[0078] 6. Determine the shot-receiver relationship based on the time and similarity coefficient corresponding to the extreme values ​​of cross-correlation.

[0079] The cross-correlation characteristic parameter DT obtained in step 4 and the similarity coefficient S obtained in step 5 are used to analyze the similarity between the two input seismic data. In this embodiment, the cross-correlation characteristic parameters and similarity coefficients of the offset common shot point superposition for file numbers 320 to 455 are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1

[0081]

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] When the time corresponding to the extreme cross-correlation value is greater than a set time threshold and the similarity coefficient is zero, a shot point offset is identified, indicating an abnormal shot-detector relationship. When the time corresponding to the extreme cross-correlation value is greater than the set time threshold and the similarity coefficient is non-zero, the shot-detector relationship is normal. When the time corresponding to the extreme cross-correlation value is less than or equal to the set time threshold, the shot-detector relationship is normal. The set time threshold can be the half-apparent period length of the seismic data. The half-apparent period length of the seismic data is a threshold value determined according to the Rayleigh criterion for seismic exploration to determine whether shallow seismic data are superimposed in phase.

[0085] In this embodiment, with a refractive layer velocity of 4000 m / s, an initial arrival frequency of 40 Hz, and a wavelength of 100 m, the apparent period of the seismic data is 25 ms. Therefore, the time threshold is set to a half-apparent period length of 12.5 ms. The cross-correlation characteristic parameters and similarity coefficients of the positive and negative offsets of the common shot points are shown in Table 2. In this embodiment, feature parameter DT of file number 340 is -4 ms, and the similarity coefficient is 0.731, indicating a normal shot-receiver relationship; feature parameter DT of file number 394 is -56 ms, and the similarity coefficient is 0, indicating an abnormal shot-receiver relationship; feature parameter DT of file number 429 is -28 ms, and the similarity coefficient is 0.816, indicating a normal shot-receiver relationship.

[0086] Table 2

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] Through the above process, it can be seen that some offset common shot point superposition cross-correlation characteristic parameters and similarity coefficients of single shot data are detected. This data is the single shot file number with abnormal shot-detection relationship. The output file number of single shot with abnormal shot-detection relationship in this embodiment is shown in Table 3.

[0090] Table 3

[0091] serial number Document Number 1 9 2 21 3 28 4 29 5 39 6 116 7 136 8 156 9 157 10 166 11 355 12 394 13 444 14 450

[0092] Through the processing of this invention, daily production data of 150G-200G and 2000-3000 shots can be determined by shot-to-detection relationship within one hour. The output abnormal file number shows that the single shot has an abnormal shot-to-detection relationship, while the shot-to-detection relationships of other pending data are normal. This method is time-efficient, highly effective, requires less subjective judgment, has fewer restrictions on seismic data, is easy to use, and effectively improves the reliability of shot-to-detection relationship determination. It can meet the real-time quality monitoring requirements of massive data and plays a significant role in improving the quality of seismic data.

Claims

1. A method for determining the relationship between shot and inspection, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: 1) Based on the principle of relative offset, the receiver data of a single seismic shot is divided into positive offset receiver data and negative offset receiver data; 2) Preprocess the obtained positive offset detector point data and negative offset detector point data, the preprocessing including at least linear dynamic correction processing; 3) Select at least a portion of the offsets from the preprocessed positive offset receiver data and perform common shot point stacking to obtain positive offset stacked data; select at least a portion of the offsets from the preprocessed negative offset receiver data and perform common shot point stacking to obtain negative offset stacked data. 4) Perform cross-correlation and similarity coefficient calculations on the positive and negative offset stacked data corresponding to the single shot, and determine the shot-receiver relationship based on the time corresponding to the cross-correlation extreme value and the similarity coefficient.

2. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The principle for determining the shot-review relationship in step 4) is as follows: When the time corresponding to the extreme value of cross-correlation is greater than the set time threshold and the similarity coefficient is zero, the shot-detection relationship corresponding to that shot point is abnormal. When the time corresponding to the extreme value of cross-correlation is greater than the set time threshold and the similarity coefficient is non-zero, the shot-detection relationship corresponding to that shot point is normal; when the time corresponding to the extreme value of cross-correlation is not greater than the set time threshold, the shot-detection relationship corresponding to that shot point is normal.

3. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4), when performing cross-correlation calculations, the cross-correlation time window used contains at least two complete waveforms starting from the first arrival wave.

4. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4), when calculating the similarity coefficient, the similarity coefficient time window used contains at least two complete waveforms starting from the first arrival wave.

5. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector data selected in step 3) refers to detector channels with stable first arrival and clear start-up.

6. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula used to calculate the similarity coefficient is as follows: Where S AB Let A(n) and B(n) be the similarity coefficients, where A(n) represents the positive offset stacked data and B(n) represents the negative offset stacked data. Let A(n) be the average value. Let B(n) be the average value.

7. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula used for the cross-correlation calculation is as follows: R AB (m) is the normalized cross-correlation function sequence of A(n) and B(n), where A(n) is the positive offset stacked data, B(n) is the negative offset stacked data, and m is the delay of the cross-correlation function sequence.

8. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The preprocessing in step 2) also includes static elevation correction of the data obtained in step 1) to obtain single-shot data with linear first arrival waves.

9. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step 2) also includes anomaly removal processing of the data after elevation static correction.

10. The method for determining the shot-receiver relationship according to claim 2, characterized in that, The set time threshold is half the apparent period length.

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