Buried compost type zero-carbon planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a buried compost type zero-carbon planting method. The method comprises the following steps: A, drilling: drilling a soil pit in to-be-planted soil by adopting a drilling machine; b, fertilizer filling: filling organic solid or slurry manure of a premixed fermentation inoculant into the soil pit, or directly putting a packaged solid bacterial manure bag into the soil pit; c, sealing: spraying plant glue to seal the organic manure; d, landfill, wherein the soil pit filled with the organic manure is subjected to landfill with surrounding soil; e, drip irrigation, wherein the landfill area is watered in a drip irrigation mode; f, fermenting: fermenting the organic manure in the soil pit under the humidity condition; the method has the advantages that the organic manure is fermented for a short time and effectively sealed in a buried mode, the content of organic matter in soil is increased, loss of the organic matter is reduced, the validity period of the soil improvement effect is prolonged, and on the basis that the method is suitable for planting, the soil quality is improved. And the carbon emission is reduced to zero emission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to a zero-carbon planting method using underground composting. Background Technology

[0002] In current technology, the large-scale use of pesticides and fertilizers over decades has resulted in a long-term deficiency of soil organic matter in the cultivation of major grain and vegetable crops. This leads to soil compaction. In such soil conditions, the proportion of nutrients provided by soil microorganisms for crop growth is extremely low, forcing crops to rely heavily on synthetic nutrients provided by fertilizers. At the same time, the content of various essential micronutrients in the soil is significantly reduced, leading to a sharp decline in the crops' own immunity and insect resistance. During the cultivation process, large amounts of pesticides are needed to control crop diseases, forming a vicious cycle of "pesticide-fertilizer" dependence.

[0003] To improve the aforementioned soil problems and increase the total amount of soil organic matter to repair soil compaction, existing technologies typically employ the method of spreading organic manure. Specifically, approximately 20 cubic meters of organic manure are applied per acre of farmland, spread on the soil surface, and then rotary tilled to achieve an organic matter content of 1% in the topsoil. However, this remediation method has significant drawbacks: First, the effectiveness of achieving the required organic matter content only lasts for about two years, requiring continuous input of large amounts of organic manure to maintain the soil improvement effect. This results in extremely high costs for sustained organic farming, making it difficult to achieve a positive market cycle. From a techno-economic perspective, soil improvement work remains a long and arduous task. Second, spreading organic manure on the soil surface results in a large exposed area of ​​manure in the soil. Under subsequent weathering and microbial decomposition, gaseous carbon is easily generated and released into the atmosphere, leading to low efficiency in the solid carbon conversion between organic manure and plants. This not only reduces the nutrient utilization efficiency of manure but also makes agricultural production a significant source of carbon emissions, contradicting the current need to address climate change and comprehensively control carbon emissions.

[0004] With increased global efforts to address climate change, the advancement of comprehensive carbon emission control policies, and consumers' pursuit of healthy living driving up demand for organically grown products, coupled with my country's strategic requirement to accelerate the construction of biodiversity facilities, the agricultural sector's need for sustainable development and soil environmental restoration is becoming increasingly urgent. Existing planting methods and soil improvement technologies can no longer meet these multiple demands, necessitating a new planting method that can efficiently restore soil, reduce planting costs, and achieve low-carbon emission reduction. Chinese invention patent application number 202110739149.1 discloses a method for treating soil compaction. The method includes the following steps: S101. A manure treatment pit, 10m long, 1m wide, and 1m high, is dug in the field. Livestock manure, primarily cow dung, is poured into the pit at a ratio of 4-6:1 to other types of manure. The pit is then left to stand for 4-6 days. However, this method of treating soil compaction has high remediation costs, a short effective period, low organic manure carbon conversion efficiency, high agricultural carbon emissions, and reliance on pesticides and fertilizers for crops. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a zero-carbon planting method based on underground composting.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution proposed by this invention is as follows: A zero-carbon planting method based on underground composting includes the following steps: A. Drilling: Using a drilling machine to drill pits in the soil to be planted; B. Filling with fertilizer: Fill the pit with premixed fermentation agent organic solid or slurry manure, or put the packaged solid fertilizer bag directly into the pit. C. Sealing: Spray plant glue to seal the organic manure; D. Landfilling: The pit filled with organic manure is filled with the surrounding soil. E. Drip irrigation: Watering the landfill area using drip irrigation; F. Fermentation: The organic manure in the pit ferments under these humid conditions; G. Planting: Directly sow grain or vegetable crops in the landfill area.

[0007] In step A, the diameter of the pit ranges from 15 to 30 centimeters, the depth ranges from 30 to 60 centimeters, and the volume of the drilled pit space meets the ratio of 0.3 cubic meters of pit for every cubic meter of soil.

[0008] In step B, a high-pressure pump can be used to inject the premixed fermentation agent into the pit. The fermentation agent is a compound agent composed of at least two groups of agents from decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. The mixing ratio of the compound agent and the organic manure is 1:100-1:500.

[0009] In step B, the microbial fertilizer bag is a fertilizer bag made by mixing organic manure with fermentation agent and packaging it with biodegradable straw film. When using microbial fertilizer bags, the subsequent sealing process can be omitted.

[0010] In step B, after the fertilizer is applied, ensure that the proportion of organic manure in the soil tillage layer reaches 10%-30%.

[0011] In step C, after filling with fertilizer, spray carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue or modified starch plant glue into the pit, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm.

[0012] In step D, the fill thickness is 5-10 cm.

[0013] In step E, water the soil to bring the moisture level to 30%-50%.

[0014] In step F, the fermentation process is completed within one week.

[0015] In step G, for root and tuber crops, they can be planted directly in the area above the fermented soil pit.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: I. By burying organic manure, a short-term fermentation and effective sealing process is carried out. Under anaerobic and semi-anaerobic conditions, beneficial bacteria are promoted to multiply in large quantities, forming a large-scale microbial community. This can rapidly increase the soil organic matter content and meet relevant standards. Moreover, the buried structure can reduce the loss of organic matter and extend the effective period of soil improvement, avoiding the problem of short effective period of existing surface spreading methods. Second, it eliminates the turning, fermentation, packaging and transportation steps in the organic fertilizer production workshop during the traditional organic manure treatment process, so that organic manure can be directly applied to the planting area from the source of production, which greatly reduces the treatment and transportation costs. At the same time, it avoids the carbon emissions generated by large livestock and poultry manure in the traditional production process, and achieves the goal of low-cost and rapid conversion of organic manure into solid carbon required by microorganisms and plants. It significantly improves carbon conversion efficiency, reduces agricultural carbon emissions, and meets the needs of low-carbon agricultural development. Third, the proliferation of beneficial bacterial communities can improve the soil micro-ecological environment, enhance the availability of trace elements in the soil, strengthen crop immunity and insect resistance, reduce crop dependence on pesticides and fertilizers, and help produce high-quality organic products to meet the market demand for healthy agricultural products. Fourth, this method is simple to operate, requires no complicated equipment, and is applicable to different types of farmland soil. It is particularly suitable for areas with compacted and sandy soil, and is easy to promote and apply on a large scale. It can reduce carbon emissions to zero on the basis of suitable planting conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the planting method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example 1: A zero-carbon planting method based on underground composting includes the following steps: A. Drilling: Using a drilling machine to drill pits in the soil to be planted; B. Filling with fertilizer: Fill the pit with premixed fermentation agent organic solid or slurry manure, or put the packaged solid fertilizer bag directly into the pit. C. Sealing: Spray plant glue to seal the organic manure; D. Landfilling: The pit filled with organic manure is filled with the surrounding soil. E. Drip irrigation: Watering the landfill area using drip irrigation; F. Fermentation: The organic manure in the pit ferments under these humid conditions; G. Planting: Directly sow grain or vegetable crops in the landfill area.

[0019] The flowchart of the planting method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown In step A, the diameter of the pit ranges from 15 to 30 centimeters, the depth ranges from 30 to 60 centimeters, and the volume of the drilled pit space meets the ratio of 0.3 cubic meters of pit for every cubic meter of soil.

[0020] In step B, a high-pressure pump can be used to inject the premixed fermentation agent into the pit. The fermentation agent is a compound agent composed of at least two groups of agents from decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. The mixing ratio of the compound agent and the organic manure is 1:100-1:500.

[0021] In step B, the microbial fertilizer bag is a fertilizer bag made by mixing organic manure with fermentation agent and packaging it with biodegradable straw film. When using microbial fertilizer bags, the subsequent sealing process can be omitted. After the microbial fertilizer bag is tightly packaged, anaerobic fermentation can be carried out, and then it is put into the drilled pit for burial.

[0022] In step B, after the fertilizer is applied, ensure that the proportion of organic manure in the soil tillage layer reaches 10%-30%.

[0023] In step C, after filling the pit with fertilizer, spray carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue or modified starch plant glue into the pit, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm. Carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue and modified starch plant glue are 100% biodegradable. They are high-molecular-weight soluble film-forming biodegradable materials, which are used in this technical solution to improve the anaerobic fermentation effect of organic manure and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria.

[0024] When using carboxymethyl cellulose-based plant glue, it contains 5%-10% carboxymethyl cellulose, 1% glycerin, and the remainder is water. When using modified starch-based plant glue, it contains 8%-12% water-soluble starch, 0.1%-0.3% boric acid, and the remainder is water.

[0025] In step D, the fill thickness is 5-10 cm.

[0026] In step E, water the soil to bring the moisture level to 30%-50%.

[0027] In step F, the fermentation process is completed within one week.

[0028] In step G, for root and tuber crops, they can be planted directly in the area above the fermented pit, i.e., the soil tillage layer.

[0029] Example 2: Carbon reduction through underground composting in wheat fields.

[0030] Farmland selection: Select a farmland that has been used for wheat cultivation for a long time and has obvious soil compaction, with a planting area of ​​1 mu.

[0031] Farmland condition: The organic matter content of the topsoil in this farmland is 0.6%. Previously, it required the application of about 50 kg / mu of chemical fertilizer and about 2 kg / mu of pesticides per year.

[0032] Wheat was planted in this field using this planting method.

[0033] a. A small drilling machine was used to drill pits in the farmland. The pit diameter was set at 20 cm and the depth at 45 cm. Based on the ratio of 0.3 cubic meters of drilling per cubic meter of soil, the total drilling volume of 1 mu of farmland was about 100 cubic meters, and the actual number of pits drilled was about 180. b. Prepare organic manure with premixed fermentation agent. Select a compound agent composed of decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Mix the compound agent with organic manure at a mass ratio of 1:300. Fill the prepared pit with the mixed organic manure. After filling, test the soil and find that the proportion of organic manure in the topsoil is 20%. c. Spray carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue into the pit to seal the fermentation environment of organic manure, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm. d. Fill the pit with the topsoil from the surrounding farmland, with the filling thickness controlled at 8 cm. e. Water was applied to the landfill area using drip irrigation equipment. After watering, the soil moisture content was measured to be 40%. f. On the 6th day after watering, the organic manure in the pit was tested and found to have completed fermentation. g. Sow winter wheat seeds in the landfill area.

[0034] In step a, the number of boreholes is determined based on the volume of the topsoil layer of 1 mu of farmland being 337 cubic meters.

[0035] In step b, the decomposing bacteria are Bacillus subtilis, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are Rhizobium, and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are Bacillus megaterium.

[0036] After sowing, the soil and wheat growth in the farmland should be monitored regularly. One month after fermentation was completed, the organic matter content of the topsoil was found to have increased to 1.2%. No pesticides were applied during the wheat's growth period; only a small amount of chemical fertilizer was applied during the jointing stage, with the amount of chemical fertilizer reduced to 10 kg / mu. No obvious diseases or pests were observed in the wheat. After the wheat matured, the protein content of the harvested wheat grains increased by 8% compared to previous years, and no pesticide residues were detected. Compared to the traditional method of surface-spreading manure, this embodiment reduces agricultural carbon emissions by approximately 45% in terms of CO2 equivalent.

[0037] Compare with Example 1: Wheat is grown using buried compost in wheat fields.

[0038] Farmland selection: Select a farmland that has been used for wheat cultivation for a long time and has obvious soil compaction, with a planting area of ​​1 mu.

[0039] Farmland condition: The organic matter content of the topsoil in this farmland is 0.6%. Previously, it required the application of about 50 kg / mu of chemical fertilizer and about 2 kg / mu of pesticides per year.

[0040] Wheat was planted in the farmland using the method of burying organic manure underground.

[0041] a. A small drilling machine was used to drill pits in the farmland. The pit diameter was set at 20 cm and the depth at 45 cm. Based on the ratio of 0.3 cubic meters of drilling per cubic meter of soil, the total drilling volume of 1 mu of farmland was about 100 cubic meters, and the actual number of pits drilled was about 180. b. Fill the prepared pit with organic manure, and after filling, test the soil topsoil to ensure that the proportion of organic manure is 20%. c. Spray carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue into the pit to seal the fermentation environment of organic manure, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm. d. Fill the pit with the topsoil from the surrounding farmland, with the filling thickness controlled at 8 cm. e. Water was applied to the landfill area using drip irrigation equipment. After watering, the soil moisture content was measured to be 40%. f. Seven days after watering, the organic manure in the pit was tested to see if fermentation was complete; g. Sow winter wheat seeds in the landfill area.

[0042] One month after fermentation was completed, the organic matter content of the topsoil was found to be no increase. No pesticides were applied during the wheat growing season, except for a small amount of chemical fertilizer during the jointing stage, with the amount of chemical fertilizer reduced to 10 kg / mu. The wheat showed obvious diseases and pests. After the wheat matured, the protein content of the harvested wheat grains decreased by 6% compared to previous years, and no pesticide residues were detected. Compared to the traditional method of surface-spreading manure, this embodiment increases agricultural carbon emissions by 20% in terms of CO2 equivalent.

[0043] Compare with Example 2: Carbon reduction farming in wheat fields.

[0044] Farmland selection: Select a farmland that has been used for wheat cultivation for a long time and has obvious soil compaction, with a planting area of ​​1 mu.

[0045] Farmland condition: The organic matter content of the topsoil in this farmland is 0.6%. Previously, it required the application of about 50 kg / mu of chemical fertilizer and about 2 kg / mu of pesticides per year.

[0046] Wheat was planted in the farmland by using compound microbial agents to improve the soil.

[0047] a. A small drilling machine was used to drill pits in the farmland. The pit diameter was set at 20 cm and the depth at 45 cm. Based on the ratio of 0.3 cubic meters of drilling per cubic meter of soil, the total drilling volume of 1 mu of farmland was about 100 cubic meters, and the actual number of pits drilled was about 180. b. Prepare a compound microbial agent. Select a compound microbial agent composed of decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. Fill the prepared pit with the compound microbial agent. After filling, test the proportion of the compound microbial agent in the topsoil layer. The result is 0.1%. c. Spray carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue into the pit to seal the compound microbial agent, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm; d. Fill the pit with the topsoil from the surrounding farmland, with the filling thickness controlled at 8 cm. e. Water was applied to the landfill area using drip irrigation equipment. After watering, the soil moisture content was measured to be 40%. f. Sow winter wheat seeds in the landfill area.

[0048] In step b, the decomposing bacteria are Bacillus subtilis, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria are Rhizobium, and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria are Bacillus megaterium.

[0049] After sowing, the soil and wheat growth in the farmland should be monitored regularly. Ten days after sowing, the organic matter content in the topsoil increased to 0.8%. One month after sowing, the organic matter content in the topsoil decreased by 0.2% compared to ten days after sowing. No pesticides were applied during the wheat growing season, except for a small amount of chemical fertilizer during the jointing stage, with the amount of chemical fertilizer reduced to 10 kg / mu. The wheat showed obvious diseases and pests. After the wheat matured, the protein content of the harvested wheat grains decreased by 10% compared to previous years, and no pesticide residues were detected. Compared to the traditional method of surface-spreading manure, this embodiment reduces agricultural carbon emissions by approximately 10% in terms of CO2 equivalent.

[0050] Compare with Example 3: Conventional planting in wheat fields.

[0051] Farmland selection: Select a farmland that has been used for wheat cultivation for a long time and has obvious soil compaction, with a planting area of ​​1 mu.

[0052] Farmland condition: The organic matter content of the topsoil in this farmland is 0.6%. Previously, it required the application of about 50 kg / mu of chemical fertilizer and about 2 kg / mu of pesticides per year.

[0053] a. Sow winter wheat seeds in the selected area.

[0054] After sowing, the soil and wheat growth in the farmland should be monitored regularly. One month after sowing, the organic matter content of the topsoil was measured to be 0.5%. During the wheat growing season, approximately 50 kg / mu of chemical fertilizer and 2 kg / mu of pesticide were applied, and no obvious diseases or pests appeared in the wheat. After the wheat matured, the protein content of the harvested wheat grains did not increase compared to previous years, and pesticide residues were detected. Compared to the traditional method of surface-spreading manure, the agricultural carbon emissions in this embodiment remain unchanged in terms of CO2 equivalent.

[0055] Table 1 shows a comparison of experimental data between Embodiment 2 and the control example of this technical solution.

[0056] index Example 2 Compare with Example 1 Compare with Example 2 Compare with Example 3 Initial organic matter content 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% Organic matter content after 1 month 1.2% No promotion 0.8%→0.6% 0.5% Fertilizer application rate (kg / mu) 10 10 10 50 Pesticide application rate (kg / mu) 0 0 0 2 Carbon emission changes -45% +20% -10% Unchanged Crop diseases and pests No significant diseases Obvious diseases Obvious diseases No significant diseases Grain protein content +8% -6% -10% No promotion pesticide residues Not detected Not detected Not detected Detected Comparative analysis of key indicators: I. Soil improvement effect is measured by the increase in organic matter: Example 2: One month after fermentation, the soil organic matter content increased significantly from 0.6% to 1.2%, an increase of 100%. This indicates that "burying" provides a stable anaerobic humification environment for organic matter, while "compound microbial agents" efficiently decompose manure, together achieving a rapid and substantial increase in organic matter.

[0057] Compared to Example 1: the organic matter content did not increase, proving that without the presence of microbial agents, the organic manure decomposes slowly in the buried environment and cannot be effectively converted into organic matter that can be used by the soil. It may even lead to a short-term decline in soil fertility due to the competition for nitrogen by microorganisms in the early stages.

[0058] In contrast to Example 2, the organic matter content first increased slightly and then decreased, i.e., 0.6% → 0.8% → 0.6%, proving that without exogenous organic matter as "food" and transformation substrate, the microbial agent cannot maintain its effect, and the effect is short-lived and unstable.

[0059] Compared to Example 3, the organic matter content further decreased to 0.5%. This demonstrates that conventional farming methods that rely on chemical fertilizers and pesticides exacerbate soil degradation and lead to continuous loss of organic matter.

[0060] II. Agricultural carbon emissions, in CO2 equivalent: Example 2: Carbon emissions are reduced by 45%, which is one of the most critical effects. The underground burial method effectively reduces the gaseous loss of carbon during the decomposition of organic matter, such as CH4 and CO2. The microbial agent improves the conversion efficiency of solid carbon, that is, stable humus, thus achieving significant carbon sequestration and emission reduction.

[0061] Comparison with Example 1: Carbon emissions increased by 20%. Due to the lack of efficient microbial agents, the manure did not degrade completely underground, which may have produced more methane. Its greenhouse effect is more than 25 times that of CO2, resulting in carbon emissions increasing instead of decreasing.

[0062] Comparing with Example 2: A 10% reduction in carbon emissions has a limited effect, mainly due to a 10kg reduction in fertilizer use, but lacks a core pathway for organic carbon sequestration.

[0063] Comparison Example 3: Carbon emissions remained unchanged. This example serves as a baseline comparison, reflecting the carbon emission level under the high fertilizer usage pattern.

[0064] III. Crop Health and Pesticide Dependence: Example 2: No pesticides were applied, and the wheat showed no obvious diseases or pests. This indicates that a healthy soil microbial community, introduced and cultivated by the inoculant, effectively suppressed pathogens and enhanced crop immunity.

[0065] Comparative Example 1: Wheat shows obvious diseases and pests. Manure that has not been pretreated with fungicides and accelerated decomposition may carry pathogens and insect eggs, and after being buried in the ground, it becomes a source of disease.

[0066] Comparative Example 2: The presence of obvious diseases and pests in wheat proves that without organic matter to improve soil physical structure and cultivate microbial ecology, a single inoculant cannot establish an effective biological control system.

[0067] Comparative Example 3: Relying on 2 kg / mu of pesticide to control pests and diseases, and pesticide residues were detected in the product.

[0068] IV. Product quality is measured by the protein content in wheat grains: Example 2: Protein content increased by 8%. Under the premise of reducing fertilizer use by 80%, that is, from 50kg to 10kg, crop quality was significantly improved, proving that this method can greatly improve fertilizer utilization efficiency and soil fertility capacity.

[0069] Compared to Example 1: The protein content decreased by 6%, and the nutrient release was not smooth, which may have affected the crop's nitrogen absorption in the later stages.

[0070] Comparative Example 2: Protein content decreased by 10%. This further demonstrates that microbial agents lacking an organic matter base are ineffective.

[0071] Comparison with Example 3: Protein content was not improved, and quality was mediocre.

[0072] V. Conclusion: Experimental data clearly show that neither "buried compost" nor "compound microbial agents" alone can achieve the desired effect, and may even produce negative effects, such as increased carbon emissions and disease outbreaks. However, this embodiment combines "buried compost" with "compound microbial agents," which produces a significant synergistic effect and can simultaneously solve multiple agricultural problems such as soil improvement, carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and pesticide reduction and quality improvement.

[0073] Example 3: Carbon reduction through underground composting in carrot fields.

[0074] Farmland selection: Select a plot of farmland for planting carrots, with a planting area of ​​0.5 mu.

[0075] Farmland condition: The farmland has problems with soil compaction and carrots with a hard texture. In the past, the farmland relied on chemical fertilizers to increase yield and the amount of pesticides used was about 1.5 kg / mu.

[0076] Carrots were planted in this field using this planting method.

[0077] 1) Drill pits with a diameter of 15 cm and a depth of 30 cm using a drilling machine. Each cubic meter of soil corresponds to 0.3 cubic meters of drilling. The total drilling volume for this 0.5 mu of farmland is 100 cubic meters, and the actual number of pits drilled is about 370. 2) Mix organic manure with a compound microbial agent composed of decomposing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria at a mass ratio of 1:200 and stir into a slurry. Inject the slurry into the pit using a high-pressure pump. After filling, the organic manure content in the topsoil layer should be 15%. 3) Spray modified starch plant glue into the pit to seal the fermentation environment of organic manure, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm. 4) Fill with 5 cm of soil; 5) Drip irrigation until soil moisture reaches 35%; 6) The manure fermentation is complete on the 5th day after watering; 7) Plant the carrot seedlings directly in the area above the fermented soil pit.

[0078] Monitoring during planting: Two months after fermentation, the organic matter content in the topsoil increased from 0.7% to 1.1%, and the soil compaction was significantly improved. No pesticides were used during the carrot growing season, and the amount of chemical fertilizer used was reduced to 5 kg / mu. The carrots had well-developed root systems and no root rot or other diseases were found. The harvested carrots are crisp and sweet, with a 10% increase in soluble sugar content compared to previous years, and no pesticide residues. Compared with traditional planting methods, the carbon conversion efficiency of organic manure in this example is increased by about 60%, and agricultural carbon emissions are reduced by about 38%.

[0079] The beneficial bacteria referred to in this technical solution specifically include: anaerobic decomposing bacteria, methanogens, anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and actinomycetes.

[0080] It should be noted that by increasing the proportion of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, urea in chemical fertilizers can be eliminated. The chemical fertilizers referred to in this technical solution are: dicalcium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate series elemental fertilizers.

[0081] Working principle: Combining soil improvement with low-carbon emission reduction through buried composting creates a large-scale planting method suitable for grain and vegetable crops. Through the synergistic effect of buried organic manure and compound microbial agents, humus formation is promoted and organic matter loss is reduced under anaerobic conditions. Based on the positive correlation between soil organic matter and aggregate structure, soil fertility can be significantly improved and compaction alleviated. Simultaneously, the nutrient activation effect of functional bacteria conforms to the laws of microbial-mediated nutrient transformation, effectively increasing the available nitrogen and phosphorus content in the soil. Compared with existing surface spreading methods, this invention inhibits the oxidation of organic carbon and wind erosion in an anaerobic environment. Chemical and photochemical decomposition, based on the regulation mechanism of carbon conversion pathways by the oxygen environment, can reduce CO2 emissions. At the same time, eliminating the manure processing and transportation links will inevitably reduce carbon emissions related to process energy consumption, and the increase in soil organic matter will substantially increase the carbon pool. This comprehensive approach achieves carbon emission reduction, thereby solving the soil problems and agricultural carbon emission control challenges caused by the long-term reliance on pesticides and fertilizers for crops. It can achieve the goals of rapidly increasing soil organic matter at low cost, maintaining soil improvement effects in the long term, improving solid carbon conversion efficiency, reducing agricultural carbon emissions, enhancing crop immunity, and reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers.

[0082] The beneficial effects of this invention are that it enables short-term fermentation and effective preservation of organic manure through underground burial, promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria in anaerobic and semi-anaerobic environments to form a large-scale microbial community. This rapidly increases soil organic matter content to meet relevant standards, and the underground structure reduces organic matter loss, extending the effective period of soil improvement and avoiding the short effective period of existing surface spreading methods. It also eliminates the traditional organic manure treatment processes of turning, fermenting, packaging, and transportation in organic manure production workshops, allowing organic manure to be directly applied to the planting area from its source, significantly reducing treatment and transportation costs. Simultaneously, it avoids the carbon emissions generated during the traditional production of large-scale livestock and poultry manure. This method achieves the goal of low-cost and rapid conversion of organic manure into solid carbon needed by microorganisms and plants, significantly improving carbon conversion efficiency, reducing agricultural carbon emissions, and meeting the needs of low-carbon agricultural development. The expanded beneficial bacterial community can improve the soil micro-ecological environment, enhance the availability of trace elements in the soil, strengthen crop immunity and insect resistance, reduce crop dependence on pesticides and fertilizers, and help produce high-quality organic products to meet market demand for healthy agricultural products. This method is simple to operate, requires no complicated equipment, and is applicable to different types of farmland soil, especially in areas with soil compaction and sandification. It is easy to promote and apply on a large scale, and can reduce carbon emissions to zero on the basis of suitable planting conditions.

[0083] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon planting method based on underground composting, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A. Drilling: Using a drilling machine to drill pits in the soil to be planted; B. Filling with fertilizer: Fill the pit with premixed fermentation agent organic solid or slurry manure, or put the packaged solid fertilizer bag directly into the pit. C. Sealing: Spray plant glue to seal the organic manure; D. Landfilling: The pit filled with organic manure is filled with the surrounding soil. E. Drip irrigation: Watering the landfill area using drip irrigation; F. Fermentation: The organic manure in the pit ferments under these humid conditions; G. Planting: Directly sow grain or vegetable crops in the landfill area.

2. The method for zero-carbon planting using buried composting as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step A, the diameter of the pit ranges from 15 to 30 centimeters, the depth ranges from 30 to 60 centimeters, and the volume of the drilled pit space meets the ratio of 0.3 cubic meters of pit for every cubic meter of soil.

3. The buried composting zero-carbon planting method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, In step B, a high-pressure pump can be used to inject the premixed fermentation agent into the pit. The fermentation agent is a compound agent composed of at least two groups of agents from decomposing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. The mixing ratio of the compound agent and the organic manure is 1:100-1:

500.

4. The buried composting zero-carbon planting method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step B, the microbial fertilizer bag is a fertilizer bag made by mixing organic manure with fermentation agent and packaging it with biodegradable straw film. When using microbial fertilizer bags, the subsequent sealing process can be omitted.

5. The buried composting zero-carbon planting method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step B, after the fertilizer is applied, ensure that the proportion of organic manure in the soil tillage layer reaches 10%-30%.

6. The method for zero-carbon planting using buried composting as described in claim 5, characterized in that, In step C, after filling with fertilizer, spray carboxymethyl cellulose plant glue or modified starch plant glue into the pit, with a spray thickness of 5-10 mm.

7. A method for zero-carbon planting using buried composting as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In step D, the fill thickness is 5-10 cm.

8. The method for zero-carbon planting using buried composting as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In step E, water the soil to bring the moisture level to 30%-50%.

9. A method for zero-carbon planting using buried composting as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step F, the fermentation process is completed within one week.

10. A method for zero-carbon planting using buried composting as described in claim 9, characterized in that, In step G, for root and tuber crops, they can be planted directly in the area above the fermented soil pit.

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