Plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of plastic extruders with multi-section temperature control function applied to the technical field of plastic extruder, including extrusion cylinder, feed heating section module, compression heating section module, metering heating section module, heating cylinder piece, temperature control oil cylinder, drainage catheter, communication port, telescopic module, telescopic module, open-close cover, lifting cylinder and pressure piston, the extrusion cylinder of the present application is set to feed heating section module, compression heating section module and metering heating section module, control the flow of heat transfer oil between feed heating section module, compression heating section module and metering heating section module, by heat transfer oil rapid deployment, realize the starting temperature of feed heating section module, compression heating section module and metering heating section module is increased and reduced, and cooperate with the temperature regulation of electric heating ring on heating cylinder piece, then shorten the time to reach target temperature, effectively improve the temperature control regulation efficiency of plastic extruder, then effectively reduce the hysteresis of temperature rise regulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a plastic extruder, and more particularly to a plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function applied in the field of plastic extruder technology. Background Technology

[0002] Plastic extruders rely on a screw to drive plastic granules in a spiral conveying and mixing process. As the plastic granules move forward, they are heated by the barrel, and the shearing and compression effects of the screw cause the material to melt, realizing the transformation of plastic between three states: glassy, ​​elastic, and viscous. For different plastic products, the heating temperature of the barrel needs to be controlled according to the temperature of the plastic granules.

[0003] The purpose of stage temperature control in plastic extruders is to precisely control the different physical states and viscosity changes that the plastic undergoes throughout the extrusion process, ensuring that the material is fully plasticized, mixed evenly, extruded stably, and produces high-quality products. However, traditional temperature control methods for plastic extruders directly control the power of the heat source device. For example, Chinese patent CN117341170A discloses a cooling mechanism and extrusion device for a plastic extruder, which uses a cooling mechanism to first lower the temperature of the extrusion screw to extrude the material, then raises the temperature to a suitable extrusion temperature, extrudes the orifice plate, and then lowers the temperature again for shaping. Chinese patent CN116330607A discloses a multi-cavity segmented temperature-controlled melt extrusion molding device and process for POK plastic rods, which uses cooling water for temperature regulation. However, temperature control has a lag, and the heating and cooling of the plastic extruder barrel requires a long process, which affects the temperature control efficiency of the plastic extruder barrel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem that this invention aims to solve in view of the above-mentioned prior art is that the temperature control method of traditional plastic extruders is to directly control the power of the heat source device, but the temperature control has a lag and the heating and cooling efficiency is slow.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function, including a machine body and an extrusion cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the machine body. The two ends of the extrusion cylinder are respectively fixedly connected to a feed hopper and an extrusion port. The extrusion cylinder is divided into a feed heating section module, a compression heating section module and a metering heating section module from the feed hopper to the extrusion port.

[0006] The feeding heating section module, the compression heating section module, and the metering heating section module are all composed of heating cylinders and temperature control oil cylinders. The heating cylinders are fixedly sleeved with the temperature control oil cylinders. The top and bottom of the temperature control oil cylinders are fixedly connected with drainage pipes in a diagonal manner. Two adjacent drainage pipes are fixedly connected through a control valve.

[0007] The top of the drainage tube is provided with a connecting port, and telescopic modules are fixedly connected to both ends of the temperature control oil cylinder. An opening and closing cover is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic module, and the opening and closing cover is movably inserted into the connecting port.

[0008] A regulating oil tank is fixedly connected to the top of the temperature control oil cylinder, and a lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the regulating oil tank. A pressure piston is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder, and the pressure piston is movably connected to the regulating oil tank.

[0009] In the aforementioned plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control, the flow of heat transfer oil between the feeding heating section module, the compression heating section module, and the metering heating section module is adjusted to achieve rapid heat distribution and effectively improve the temperature control efficiency of the plastic extruder.

[0010] As a further improvement of this application, electric heating coils are fixedly embedded at equal intervals on the outer surface of the heating cylinder, and a heat-spreading column is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the electric heating coil. One end of the heat-spreading column extends into the interior of the heating cylinder. The electric heating coils are used to realize the electric control heating of the heating cylinder, and the heat-spreading column is used to effectively improve the heat conduction effect to the interior of the heating cylinder.

[0011] As a further improvement of this application, a guide slide is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting port near the telescopic module, and one end of the opening and closing cover is slidably connected to the guide slide. The diameter of the corresponding drainage conduit of the opening and closing cover is set in an arc shape. By sliding the opening and closing cover on the guide slide, the sealing effect of the opening and closing cover on the connecting port is effectively improved.

[0012] As a further improvement of this application, a roller drum is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the heating cylinder, and rotating agitators are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outside of the roller drum. The roller drum drives the rotating agitators to rotate, which disturbs the heat transfer oil in the temperature control oil cylinder and effectively improves the uniform distribution of temperature inside the temperature control oil cylinder.

[0013] As a further improvement of this application, the rotating blade is curved in an arc shape, and the arc surface of the rotating blade faces the connecting port. The heat transfer oil rushing out from the connecting port drives the rotating blade to realize the automatic rotation of the drum.

[0014] As a further improvement of this application, a tube guide plate is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting port away from the telescopic module, and a cover guide plate is fixedly connected to the end of the opening and closing cover near the tube guide plate. Both the tube guide plate and the cover guide plate are horizontally aligned with the arc surface of the rotating blade. The heat transfer oil rushing out of the connecting port is concentrated by the tube guide plate and the cover guide plate, which effectively improves the impact force of the heat transfer oil on the rotating blade.

[0015] As a further improvement of this application, push rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the drum, and push ribs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure piston. A sliding end is fixedly connected to the end of the push rib away from the pressure piston. The sliding end is slidably connected to the push rings. The push ribs are made of stainless steel. The pressure piston uses the push ribs to push the push rings, thereby realizing the rotational movement of the drum.

[0016] As a further improvement of this application, the outer surface of the push ring is fixedly connected with push teeth at equal intervals. The push teeth are arranged in a triangular shape, and the sliding end is engaged with one end of the push teeth, so that the sliding end can push the push ring in one direction through the push teeth, which facilitates the restoration of the position of the push rib.

[0017] In summary, the extrusion cylinder of this invention is equipped with a feeding heating section module, a compression heating section module, and a metering heating section module. A telescopic module drives the opening and closing of the cover, controlling the opening and closing of the connecting port on the flow guide. Then, a lifting cylinder drives the pressure piston to rise and fall, adjusting the internal space of the regulating oil tank and controlling the flow of heat transfer oil between the feeding heating section module, the compression heating section module, and the metering heating section module. This enables rapid adjustment of the heat transfer oil, raising and lowering the initial temperature of each module. Furthermore, in conjunction with the temperature control of the heating coil on the heating cylinder, the time to reach the target temperature is shortened, effectively improving the temperature control efficiency of the plastic extruder and reducing the lag in temperature adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the first embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heating cylinder and temperature control oil cylinder according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a perspective structural diagram of the heating cylinder according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a side cross-sectional view of the heating cylinder and temperature control oil cylinder according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a side cross-sectional view of the telescopic module according to the first embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heating cylinder and the drum cylinder according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 8This is a demonstration diagram illustrating the rotational motion of the heat transfer oil driving the drum in the second embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a perspective structural diagram of the roller cylinder according to the second embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a demonstration diagram illustrating the rotational motion of the roller cylinder driven by the pusher ribs according to the second embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the push rib and sliding end in the second embodiment of this application.

[0029] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0030] 1. Machine body; 101. Extrusion cylinder; 102. Feed hopper; 103. Extrusion port; 104. Feed heating section module; 105. Compression heating section module; 106. Metering heating section module; 201. Heating cylinder; 202. Temperature control oil cylinder; 203. Drainage conduit; 204. Control valve; 205. Connecting port; 206. Telescopic module; 207. Opening and closing cover; 208. Regulating oil tank; 209. Lifting cylinder; 210. Pressure piston; 211. Heating coil; 212. Heat dissipation column; 213. Guide slide plate; 3. Roller drum; 301. Rotating agitator blade; 302. Tube guide plate; 303. Cover guide plate; 304. Pushing ring; 305. Pushing rib; 306. Sliding end; 307. Pushing teeth. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The two embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] First implementation method:

[0033] Figures 1 to 4The diagram illustrates a plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control, comprising a machine body 1 and an extrusion cylinder 101 fixedly connected to one end of the machine body 1. A feed hopper 102 and an extrusion port 103 are fixedly connected to both ends of the extrusion cylinder 101, respectively. The extrusion cylinder 101 is divided into three segments from the feed hopper 102 to the extrusion port 103: a feed heating section module 104, a compression heating section module 105, and a metering heating section module 106. Each of these modules consists of a heating cylinder 201 and a temperature-controlled oil cylinder 202. The heating cylinder 201 is connected to form a feed cylinder for transporting plastic particles. The temperature-controlled oil cylinder 202 is filled with heat-conducting oil to maintain and control the temperature of the heating cylinder 201. The heating cylinder 201 and the temperature-controlled oil cylinder 202 are fixedly fitted together. The interior of the heating cylinder 201 is used for the transport and melting of plastic particles, while the temperature-controlled oil cylinder 202 is filled with heat-conducting oil to effectively improve the temperature control. The heating cylinder 201 is heated evenly and provides a stable heating environment. The heat transfer oil in this invention can be selected according to the type of plastic particles. Mineral oil-based heat transfer oil can be used for applications below 320°C. For higher temperature requirements, synthetic heat transfer oil can be used, which can adapt to requirements above 400°C and facilitates temperature control and detection in plastic extruders. Heating coils 211 are fixedly embedded at equal intervals on the outer surface of the heating cylinder 201. A heat distribution column 212 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the heating coil 211. One end of the heat distribution column 212 extends into the interior of the heating cylinder 201. The heating coil 211 is used to realize the electric control heating of the heating cylinder 201, and the heat distribution column 212 is used to effectively improve the heat conduction effect to the interior of the heating cylinder 201. The top and bottom of the temperature control oil cylinder 202 are fixedly connected with drainage pipes 203 in a diagonal state. Two adjacent drainage pipes 203 are fixedly connected through a control valve 204.

[0034] The extrusion cylinder 101 of the present invention is configured as a feeding heating section module 104, a compression heating section module 105, and a metering heating section module 106. The set temperature of the feeding heating section module 104 is lower than that of the compression heating section module 105, and the set temperature of the compression heating section module 105 is lower than that of the metering heating section module 106. Similarly, the heat transfer oil in its temperature control oil cylinder 202 has three temperature ranges: low, medium, and high. When one of the feeding heating section module 104, the compression heating section module 105, and the metering heating section module 106 needs to be temperature controlled;

[0035] For example, if the compression heating section module 105 needs to be regulated by temperature rise, the control valve 204 between the compression heating section module 105 and the metering heating section module 106 is opened to input the high-temperature heat transfer oil in the metering heating section module 106 into the compression heating section module 105, thereby effectively increasing the temperature of the heat transfer oil in the compression heating section module 105, that is, effectively increasing the starting temperature of the compression heating section module 105. With the temperature control of the heating coil 211 inside the compression heating section module 105, the heating efficiency of the compression heating section module 105 is effectively improved, and the lag of temperature control regulation is effectively reduced. After the temperature of the compression heating section module 105 reaches stability, the heat transfer oil is slowly transported back to the metering heating section module 106 to achieve a balance of heat transfer oil among the feeding heating section module 104, the compression heating section module 105, and the metering heating section module 106.

[0036] When the compression heating section module 105 needs to be heated to a higher temperature, the control valve 204 between the feeding heating section module 104 and the compression heating section module 105 can be opened first. This allows some of the heat transfer oil inside the compression heating section module 105 to be sent into the feeding heating section module 104. The feeding heating section module 104 has a large suitable temperature range and can withstand the influence of short-term temperature rise. Then, the high-temperature heat transfer oil in the metering heating section module 106 is input into the compression heating section module 105, which effectively increases the amount of high-temperature heat transfer oil received by the compression heating section module 105. This means that the starting heating temperature of the compression heating section module 105 is higher, thereby further improving the heating efficiency of the compression heating section module 105.

[0037] Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the top of the drainage conduit 203 has a connecting port 205. Both ends of the temperature control oil cylinder 202 are fixedly connected to telescopic modules 206. The output end of the telescopic module 206 is fixedly connected to an opening and closing cover 207. The opening and closing cover 207 is movably inserted into the connecting port 205. The top of the temperature control oil cylinder 202 is fixedly connected to a regulating oil tank 208. The top of the regulating oil tank 208 is fixedly connected to a lifting cylinder 209. The output end of the lifting cylinder 209 is fixedly connected to a pressure piston 210. The pressure piston 210 is movably connected to the regulating oil tank 208. The end of the connecting port 205 near the telescopic module 206 is fixedly connected to a guide slide plate 213. One end of the opening and closing cover 207 is slidably connected to the guide slide plate 213. The diameter of the corresponding drainage conduit 203 of the opening and closing cover 207 is curved. By sliding the opening and closing cover 207 on the guide slide plate 213, the sealing effect of the opening and closing cover 207 on the connecting port 205 is effectively improved.

[0038] The telescopic module 206 drives the opening and closing cover 207 to extend and retract, as shown in the attached diagram. Figure 6As shown in the attached figure, the telescopic module 206 is equipped with a cylinder. Those skilled in the art can also select other telescopic devices according to actual needs. Furthermore, the opening and closing cover 207 is guided by the sliding plate 213, which effectively improves the opening and closing control effect of the opening and closing cover 207 on the connecting port 205, and facilitates the flow of heat transfer oil between the feeding heating section module 104, the compression heating section module 105 and the metering heating section module 106.

[0039] When adjusting the temperature of a plastic extruder, taking the temperature adjustment of the compression heating section module 105 as an example, high-temperature heat transfer oil in the metering heating section module 106 is input into the compression heating section module 105. The lifting cylinder 209 drives the pressure piston 210 to descend in the regulating oil tank 208, squeezing out the heat transfer oil inside the metering heating section module 106. The compression heating section module 105 needs to receive this part of the heat transfer oil. The lifting cylinder 209 drives the pressure piston 210 to rise in the regulating oil tank 208, thereby increasing the internal capacity of the compression heating section module 105 and realizing the reception of the heat transfer oil.

[0040] Second implementation method:

[0041] Compared to the first embodiment, the main addition is a rolling cylinder 3, the specific addition structure is as follows, and the rest of the structure is the same as the first embodiment.

[0042] Figures 7 to 9 As shown, a roller drum 3 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the heating cylinder 201. Rotary agitators 301 are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outside of the roller drum 3. The roller drum 3 drives the rotary agitators 301 to rotate, disturbing the heat transfer oil inside the temperature-controlled oil cylinder 202, effectively improving the uniform temperature distribution inside the temperature-controlled oil cylinder 202. The rotary agitators 301 are curved in an arc shape, with the arc surface of the rotary agitators 301 facing the connecting port 205. The heat transfer oil rushing out from the connecting port 205 pushes the rotary agitators 301, realizing the automatic rotation of the roller drum 3. The connecting port 205 extends away from the telescoping point. One end of module 206 is fixedly connected to a tube guide plate 302, and the end of the opening and closing cover 207 near the tube guide plate 302 is fixedly connected to a cover guide plate 303. Both the tube guide plate 302 and the cover guide plate 303 are horizontally aligned with the arc-shaped surface of the rotating blade 301. The tube guide plate 302 and the cover guide plate 303 are used to concentrate the heat transfer oil flushed out of the connecting port 205, which effectively increases the impact force of the heat transfer oil on the rotating blade 301. When the connecting port 205 is closed, the tube guide plate 302 and the cover guide plate 303 are closed, which effectively improves the sealing effect of the connecting port 205.

[0043] When regulating the flow of heat transfer oil, as the heat transfer oil rushes out from the connecting port 205 into the temperature control oil cylinder 202, it impacts the rotating impeller 301, thereby achieving the rotational motion of the drum 3. The rotating impeller 301 then disturbs the heat transfer oil in the temperature control oil cylinder 202, effectively achieving uniform mixing of the newly added heat transfer oil with the existing heat transfer oil, facilitating the uniform distribution of heat. At the same time, the pipe guide plate 302 and the cover guide plate 303 concentrate the heat transfer oil rushing out from the connecting port 205, effectively increasing the impact force of the heat transfer oil on the rotating impeller 301, further effectively improving the rotational capacity of the rotating impeller 301 on the drum 3.

[0044] Figure 7 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, push rings 304 are fixedly connected to both ends of the drum 3, and push ribs 305 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure piston 210. A sliding end 306 is fixedly connected to the end of the push rib 305 away from the pressure piston 210. The sliding end 306 is slidably connected to the push rings 304. The push rib 305 is made of stainless steel. The pressure piston 210 uses the push rib 305 to push the push ring 304, thereby realizing the rotational movement of the drum 3. Push teeth 307 are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer surface of the push ring 304. The push teeth 307 are triangular in shape. The sliding end 306 is engaged with one end of the push teeth 307, thereby realizing the unidirectional push of the push ring 304 by the sliding end 306 through the push teeth 307, which facilitates the restoration of the position of the push rib 305.

[0045] When the pressure piston 210 moves downward, that is, when the feeding heating section module 104, the compression heating section module 105, and the metering heating section module 106 output heat transfer oil, the pressure piston 210 drives the push rib 305 to descend. The sliding end 306 on the push rib 305 abuts against one end of the push tooth 307 to form a snap contact, thereby realizing that the push rib 305 pushes the push ring 304, causing the drum 3 to rotate, disturbing the heat transfer oil in the temperature control oil cylinder 202, so as to achieve uniform heat of the heat transfer oil. Subsequently, when the pressure piston 210 moves upward, the sliding end 306 on the push rib 305 moves undulating along the inclined surface of the push tooth 307, so that the sliding end 306 automatically passes over the push tooth 307, realizing the unidirectional push of the push rib 305 on the push ring 304, and effectively reducing the impact of the push rib 305 on the rotational motion of the drum 3 due to the impact of the heat transfer oil.

[0046] In light of current practical needs, the above-described embodiments adopted in this application are not limited to these. Any changes made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control, characterized in that: The machine includes a body (1) and an extrusion cylinder (101) fixedly connected to one end of the body (1). The two ends of the extrusion cylinder (101) are respectively fixedly connected to a feed hopper (102) and an extrusion port (103). The extrusion cylinder (101) is divided into feed heating section module (104), compression heating section module (105) and metering heating section module (106) from the feed hopper (102) to the extrusion port (103). The feeding heating section module (104), the compression heating section module (105), and the metering heating section module (106) are all composed of a heating cylinder (201) and a temperature control oil cylinder (202). The heating cylinder (201) and the temperature control oil cylinder (202) are fixedly connected. The top and bottom of the temperature control oil cylinder (202) are fixedly connected with drainage pipes (203) in a diagonal state. Two adjacent drainage pipes (203) are fixedly connected through a control valve (204). The top of the drainage conduit (203) is provided with a connecting port (205), and the left and right ends of the temperature control oil cylinder (202) are fixedly connected with telescopic modules (206). The output end of the telescopic module (206) is fixedly connected with an opening and closing cover (207), and the opening and closing cover (207) is movably inserted into the connecting port (205). The top of the temperature control oil cylinder (202) is fixedly connected to a regulating oil tank (208), the top of the regulating oil tank (208) is fixedly connected to a lifting cylinder (209), the output end of the lifting cylinder (209) is fixedly connected to a pressure piston (210), and the pressure piston (210) is movably connected to the regulating oil tank (208).

2. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the heating cylinder (201) is fixedly inlaid with heating coils (211) at equal intervals. The inner ring of the heating coil (211) is fixedly connected with a heat-spreading column (212), and one end of the heat-spreading column (212) extends into the interior of the heating cylinder (201).

3. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the connecting port (205) near the telescopic module (206) is fixedly connected to a guide slide plate (213), and one end of the opening and closing cover (207) is slidably connected to the guide slide plate (213). The diameter of the corresponding drainage conduit (203) of the opening and closing cover (207) is set in an arc-shaped bend.

4. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the heating cylinder (201) is rotatably connected to a roller cylinder (3), and rotating stirring blades (301) are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the outside of the roller cylinder (3).

5. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating blade (301) is curved in an arc shape, and the arc surface of the rotating blade (301) faces the communication port (205).

6. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A tube guide plate (302) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting port (205) away from the telescopic module (206), and a cover guide plate (303) is fixedly connected to one end of the opening and closing cover (207) near the tube guide plate (302). Both the tube guide plate (302) and the cover guide plate (303) are horizontally aligned with the arc surface of the rotating stirring blade (301).

7. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both ends of the roller cylinder (3) are fixedly connected to push rings (304), and the bottom of the pressure piston (210) is fixedly connected to a push rib (305). The end of the push rib (305) away from the pressure piston (210) is fixedly connected to a sliding end (306). The sliding end (306) is slidably connected to the push ring (304), and the push rib (305) is made of stainless steel.

8. A plastic extruder with multi-stage temperature control function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer surface of the push ring (304) is fixedly connected with push teeth (307) at equal intervals. The push teeth (307) are triangular in shape, and the sliding end (306) is engaged with one end of the push teeth (307).

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