Intelligent lightning protection system for fan blade deicing control equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an intelligent lightning protection system for fan blade deicing control equipment, which comprises a lightning protection system body, a system state monitoring system and a comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system, and is characterized in that the lightning protection system body consists of a grounding module, a shielding module and a surge protection module; a basic guarantee effect is achieved on a comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system; the system state monitoring system is composed of a lightning discharge detection module and a surge protector state monitoring module and plays an auxiliary supporting role in the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system is used for realizing man-machine interaction between lightning protection equipment and operation and maintenance personnel and providing decision reference for daily operation, maintenance and management of a fan blade deicing control system. According to the method, the actual operation environment of the fan is fully considered, a lightning protection design scheme is provided in a targeted mode, and the method has the advantages of being large in lightning protection margin, high in system state sensing capacity and high in fault monitoring and early warning speed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of wind turbine de-icing, lightning protection and disaster mitigation technology, and more specifically, to an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of my country's wind power installed capacity, a large number of wind turbine units are built in heavily icing areas. In winter, the blades of wind turbines in these areas are extremely prone to icing. Icing of the blades increases the load on the blades and the main shaft of the wind turbine, changes the airfoil of the blades, directly leads to a decrease in the lifespan of related components, a decrease in expected output, and seriously affects the safe and reliable operation of the wind turbine system. Active de-icing methods such as electric heating and gas heating are one of the reliable de-icing methods for wind turbine blades. However, their control equipment is often installed in the blades, hubs, and nacelles, directly exposed to the electromagnetic field of lightning strikes near the original grounding conductor of the wind turbine, resulting in an extremely high risk of lightning strike failure.

[0003] Currently, the mainstream lightning protection design method is to install surge protectors (SPDs) at the lightning protection zone interface. This method has limited equipment protection capabilities, a high failure rate, high maintenance costs, and lacks system status monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment, comprising: a lightning protection system body, a system status monitoring system, and a comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The lightning protection system itself consists of a grounding module, a shielding module, and a surge protection module, which play a fundamental role in ensuring the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The system status monitoring system consists of a lightning discharge detection module and a surge protector status monitoring module, which plays an auxiliary supporting role in the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is used to enable human-machine interaction between lightning protection equipment and operation and maintenance personnel, and provides decision-making reference for the daily operation, maintenance and management of the wind turbine blade de-icing control system.

[0005] In this scheme, the grounding module is used to periodically acquire the grounding resistance value of the wind turbine generator; and determine whether the grounding resistance value of the wind turbine generator is less than a preset first resistance value. If so, the de-icing control system adopts the nearest grounding design method; if not, the de-icing control system adopts the independent grounding lead-down design method.

[0006] In this solution, the shielding module includes a copper mesh braided shielding wire, a double-layer shielding wire, and a metal corrugated tube; The copper mesh braided shielding wire is used for the connection between the engine room equipment and the hub equipment; The double-layer shielded wire is used for the equipment between the hub and the blade; The metal corrugated tube is used to be fitted over the outside of the communication cable.

[0007] In this solution, the surge protection module includes: a surge protector for the system power circuit with a nominal discharge current of not less than 20kA; a surge protector for the control circuit from the nacelle to the hub interface with a nominal discharge current of not less than 10kA; and a surge protector for the control circuit from the blade to the hub interface with a nominal discharge current of not less than 20kA.

[0008] In this scheme, the surge protectors are placed at the junctions of all interfaces, that is, surge protectors are installed on both the incoming and outgoing lines of lightning strike risk within a single cabinet.

[0009] In this solution, the system status monitoring system is used to acquire lightning strike data information of the wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment and the health data information of the lightning protection equipment in real time.

[0010] In this solution, the system status monitoring system is also used to: determine the number of lightning strikes received by the corresponding wind turbine based on the lightning strike data information of the wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment, determine whether the number of lightning strikes received by the wind turbine is greater than a preset lightning strike threshold, and if so, generate maintenance warning information for the corresponding wind turbine.

[0011] In this solution, the system status monitoring system is also used to: obtain peak lightning current, polarity, discharge count, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity data based on the health data of the lightning protection equipment; perform comprehensive analysis on the peak lightning current, polarity, discharge count, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity data to obtain the health status index of the surge protector; generate a warning message for the surge protector when the health status index of the surge protector is less than a preset health status index threshold; and send the warning message of the surge protector to the integrated intelligent lightning protection management system for display. The steps for comprehensively analyzing lightning current peak value, polarity, discharge frequency, residual voltage, temperature and humidity data to obtain the health status index of the surge protector specifically include: constructing a criterion layer based on lightning current peak value, polarity, discharge frequency, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity; designating these as C1, C2, C3, and C4 respectively; comparing each criterion layer pairwise to obtain the weight coefficients of the four criterion layers; constructing sub-criterion layers for C1 and C4 and determining the weight coefficients of the sub-criterion layers; determining the weight coefficient of each indicator based on the weight coefficients of the criterion layers and the weight coefficients of the sub-criterion layers; scoring the indicator values ​​based on a preset scoring function to obtain indicator score values; multiplying the indicator score value by the corresponding indicator weight coefficient to obtain the health index of the corresponding indicator; and summing the health indices of different indicators to obtain the health status index of the SPD.

[0012] In this solution, the integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is the main body of the lightning protection system. In this solution, the integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is also used to display system monitoring information, wind turbine maintenance warning information and surge protector warning information in real time; and to provide maintenance and repair opinions on the current warning information based on historical processing solutions.

[0013] This invention discloses an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment. This invention fully considers the actual operating environment of wind turbines and proposes a targeted lightning protection design scheme, which has the advantages of large lightning protection margin, strong system status perception capability, and fast fault monitoring and early warning speed.

[0014] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment. Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the shielding module design; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of surge protector placement design; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the criterion layer judgment matrix. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment, comprising: a lightning protection system body, a system status monitoring system, and a comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system; The lightning protection system itself consists of a grounding module, a shielding module, and a surge protection module, which play a fundamental role in ensuring the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The system status monitoring system consists of a lightning discharge detection module and a surge protector status monitoring module, which plays an auxiliary supporting role in the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is used to enable human-machine interaction between lightning protection equipment and operation and maintenance personnel, and provides decision-making reference for the daily operation, maintenance and management of the wind turbine blade de-icing control system.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the grounding module is used to periodically acquire the grounding resistance value of the wind turbine generator; and determine whether the grounding resistance value of the wind turbine generator is less than a preset first resistance value. If so, the de-icing control system adopts a nearby grounding design method; if not, the de-icing control system adopts an independent grounding lead-down design method.

[0021] It should be noted that the grounding module design in the lightning protection system has fully considered the actual grounding resistance of the wind turbine itself. For example, if the preset first resistance is 6 ohms, then when the grounding resistance of the wind turbine is good (R<6 ohms), the de-icing control system adopts the nearest grounding design method, that is, the equipment in the hub is connected to the hub metal, the equipment in the nacelle is connected to the original grounding copper busbar of the wind turbine, and the grounding wire in the blade is connected to the hub metal through a grounding wire with a cross-section of not less than 10mm2. When the grounding resistance of the wind turbine is poor (R>6 ohms), the de-icing control system adopts the independent grounding down-lead design method, that is, a grounding loop with a cross-section of not less than 10mm2 is added in the slip ring, the grounding wires of the equipment in the hub and blade are gathered at one point and then connected to the nacelle grounding wire through the slip ring, and finally connected to the ground through an independent grounding down-lead.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding module design.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the shielding module includes a copper mesh braided shielding wire, a double-layer shielding wire, and a metal corrugated tube; The copper mesh braided shielding wire is used for the connection between the engine room equipment and the hub equipment; The double-layer shielded wire is used for the equipment between the hub and the blade; The metal corrugated tube is used to be fitted over the outside of the communication cable.

[0024] It should be noted that the connecting cables between the nacelle equipment and the hub equipment all use copper braided shielded cables, with the shielding layer grounded at one end on the nacelle side. The equipment between the hub and the blades uses aluminum foil + copper braided double-layer shielded cables, with the shielding layer grounded at one end on the hub side. In addition, the communication cables at this interface are further encased in a metal corrugated tube, which is grounded at one end on the hub side.

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of surge protector placement design.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the surge protection module includes: a surge protector for the system power circuit with a nominal discharge current of not less than 20kA; a surge protector for the control circuit from the nacelle to the hub interface with a nominal discharge current of not less than 10kA; and a surge protector for the control circuit from the blade to the hub interface with a nominal discharge current of not less than 20kA.

[0027] Preferably, the surge protectors are installed at the junctions of all interfaces, that is, surge protectors are installed on both the incoming and outgoing lines of lightning strike risk within a single cabinet.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system status monitoring system is used to acquire lightning strike data information of the wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment and lightning protection equipment health data information in real time.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system status monitoring system is further configured to: determine the number of lightning strikes received by the corresponding wind turbine based on the lightning strike data information of the wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment, determine whether the number of lightning strikes received by the wind turbine is greater than a preset lightning strike threshold, and if so, generate maintenance warning information for the corresponding wind turbine.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system status monitoring system is further configured to: obtain peak lightning current, polarity, number of discharges, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity data based on the health data information of the lightning protection equipment; perform comprehensive analysis on the peak lightning current, polarity, number of discharges, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity data to obtain a health status index of the surge protector; generate a warning message for the surge protector when the health status index of the surge protector is less than a preset health status index threshold; and send the warning message of the surge protector to the integrated intelligent lightning protection management system for display. The steps for comprehensively analyzing lightning current peak value, polarity, discharge frequency, residual voltage, temperature and humidity data to obtain the health status index of the surge protector specifically include: constructing a criterion layer based on lightning current peak value, polarity, discharge frequency, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity; designating these as C1, C2, C3, and C4 respectively; comparing each criterion layer pairwise to obtain the weight coefficients of the four criterion layers; constructing sub-criterion layers for C1 and C4 and determining the weight coefficients of the sub-criterion layers; determining the weight coefficient of each indicator based on the weight coefficients of the criterion layers and the weight coefficients of the sub-criterion layers; scoring the indicator values ​​based on a preset scoring function to obtain indicator score values; multiplying the indicator score value by the corresponding indicator weight coefficient to obtain the health index of the corresponding indicator; and summing the health indices of different indicators to obtain the health status index of the SPD.

[0031] It should be noted that the health status of surge protectors is assessed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to construct a criterion layer. This criterion layer includes C1, C2, C3, and C4. C1 represents lightning current stress—including peak value and polarity, reflecting the intensity of a single discharge; C2 represents cumulative loss—reflected by the number of discharges, reflecting the total historical operating volume; C3 represents performance degradation—reflected by residual voltage, reflecting the direct output of the SPD's core performance; and C4 represents environmental factors—including temperature and humidity—affecting the aging rate of SPD components. A judgment matrix is ​​constructed based on the four factors in the criterion layer, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the importance of C3 (performance) relative to C1 (stress) is 3; therefore, row C3, column C1 has a value of 3, and row C1, column C3 has a value of 1 / 3. The weighting coefficients of the four criteria are calculated using the summation method: The calculation formula is as follows: ,in This represents the weight coefficient of the x-th criterion, where i and j represent the row and column numbers in the corresponding judgment matrix, respectively. Then construct sub-criteria layer judgment matrices B1 and B4, where judgment matrix B1 is the judgment matrix of S1 (peak value) and S2 (polarity) in C1, and matrix B1 is: ; Judgment matrix B4 is the judgment matrix for S3 (temperature) and S4 (humidity) in C4. Matrix B4 is: The weight coefficients of the corresponding sub-criteria layer are calculated using the summation method to obtain... When a sub-criteria layer has weight coefficients, the weight coefficient of the indicator is equal to the weight coefficient of the corresponding criteria layer multiplied by the weight coefficient of the corresponding sub-criteria layer. When no sub-criteria layer weight coefficients exist, the weight coefficient of the indicator is equal to the weight coefficient of the corresponding criteria layer, such as the weight coefficient of the peak value (S1). The weighting coefficient of the number of discharges C2 The weighting factor for humidity S4 .

[0032] It should be noted that a scoring function S(x) is defined for each indicator: where a higher peak lightning current indicates a less healthy condition. The scoring function is set as follows: Where I is the surge current that the SPD withstands. This is the maximum surge current that the SPD can withstand (available from the datasheet). Surge current exceeding... The score is 0. The polarity of the lightning is represented as a discrete value, where positive polarity is generally more harmful. Therefore, when it is negative polarity, the corresponding scoring function is set to S(P) = 1.0, and when it is positive polarity, the corresponding scoring function is set to S(P) = 0.7. The more discharges, the less healthy the individual is; its scoring function is defined as follows: Where N is the number of discharges of the SPD. This refers to the nominal discharge lifespan of the SPD; if the number of discharges exceeds [a certain limit], it is considered to have a lifespan exceeding [a certain limit]. The score is 0; the higher the residual voltage ratio, the worse the health. The ratio of the residual voltage value to the initial residual voltage value is measured for each discharge; a higher ratio indicates more severe performance degradation. , ( If U = 0, then S(U) = 0. Here, U represents the measured residual pressure. This represents the initial residual pressure; the further the temperature (T) and humidity (H) deviate from the ideal range, the less healthy the environment, and a piecewise function is used for scoring. , .

[0033] Furthermore, the health status is classified into levels based on the health status index. When the health status index is greater than or equal to 0.8, it is set to "healthy," indicating that all indicators are good and the SPD can continue to be used. When the health status index is less than 0.8 but greater than or equal to 0.6, it is set to "concern," indicating that some indicators are beginning to deteriorate and require enhanced monitoring. When the health status index is less than 0.6 but greater than or equal to 0.4, it is set to "warning," indicating that the SPD performance has significantly declined and the risk is high, requiring maintenance according to the normal maintenance plan. When the health status index is less than 0.4, it is set to "dangerous," indicating that the current SPD has failed or is on the verge of failure and must be replaced immediately, as it can no longer provide effective protection. The preset health status index threshold is set to 0.6.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is part of the lightning protection system body and the system in this solution. The integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is also used to display system monitoring information, wind turbine maintenance warning information and surge protector warning information in real time; and to provide maintenance and repair opinions on the current warning information based on historical processing schemes.

[0035] It should be noted that the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system can display system monitoring information online in real time, and has data processing and intelligent suggestion functions. Users can intuitively view the system status on the main control interface. It has data storage, data clustering, and data correlation analysis functions for information such as the number of lightning strikes to wind turbines and the health status of surge protectors. Based on the analysis results, it proposes maintenance and repair suggestions for operation and maintenance personnel to make decision-making references.

[0036] This invention discloses an intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment. This invention fully considers the actual operating environment of wind turbines and proposes a targeted lightning protection design scheme, which has the advantages of large lightning protection margin, strong system status perception capability, and fast fault monitoring and early warning speed.

[0037] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the various components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0038] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units. They may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0039] In addition, in the various embodiments of the present invention, each functional unit can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0040] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps of the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0041] Alternatively, if the integrated units of this invention are implemented as software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention, or the parts that contribute to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0042] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment, characterized in that, include: Lightning protection system body, system status monitoring system and integrated intelligent lightning protection management system; The lightning protection system itself consists of a grounding module, a shielding module, and a surge protection module, which play a fundamental role in ensuring the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The system status monitoring system consists of a lightning discharge detection module and a surge protector status monitoring module, which plays an auxiliary supporting role in the comprehensive intelligent lightning protection management system. The integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is used to enable human-machine interaction between lightning protection equipment and operation and maintenance personnel, and provides decision-making reference for the daily operation, maintenance and management of the wind turbine blade de-icing control system.

2. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding module is used to periodically acquire the grounding resistance value of the wind turbine generator; and to determine whether the grounding resistance value of the wind turbine generator is less than a preset first resistance value. If so, the de-icing control system adopts the nearest grounding design method; if not, the de-icing control system adopts the independent grounding lead-down design method.

3. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shielding module includes a copper mesh braided shielding wire, a double-layer shielding wire, and a metal corrugated tube; The copper mesh braided shielding wire is used for the connection between the engine room equipment and the hub equipment; The double-layer shielded wire is used for the equipment between the hub and the blade; The metal corrugated tube is used to be fitted over the outside of the communication cable.

4. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surge protection module includes: a surge protector for the system power circuit with a nominal discharge current of not less than 20kA; a surge protector for the control circuit from the nacelle to the hub interface with a nominal discharge current of not less than 10kA; and a surge protector for the control circuit from the blade to the hub interface with a nominal discharge current of not less than 20kA.

5. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The surge protectors are placed at the junctions of all interfaces, that is, surge protectors are installed on both the incoming and outgoing lines of lightning strike risk within a single cabinet.

6. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system status monitoring system is used to acquire lightning strike data information of the wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment and health data information of the lightning protection equipment in real time.

7. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system status monitoring system is also used to: determine the number of lightning strikes received by the corresponding wind turbine based on the lightning strike data information of the wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment, determine whether the number of lightning strikes received by the wind turbine is greater than a preset lightning strike threshold, and if so, generate maintenance warning information for the corresponding wind turbine.

8. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The system status monitoring system is also used to: obtain peak lightning current, polarity, number of discharges, residual voltage, temperature and humidity data based on the health data information of the lightning protection equipment; perform comprehensive analysis on the peak lightning current, polarity, number of discharges, residual voltage, temperature and humidity data to obtain the health status index of the surge protector; and generate a warning message for the surge protector when the health status index of the surge protector is less than the preset health status index threshold. The surge protector's warning information is sent to the integrated intelligent lightning protection management system for display. The steps for comprehensively analyzing lightning current peak value, polarity, discharge frequency, residual voltage, temperature and humidity data to obtain the health status index of the surge protector specifically include: constructing a criterion layer based on lightning current peak value, polarity, discharge frequency, residual voltage, and temperature and humidity; designating these as C1, C2, C3, and C4 respectively; comparing each criterion layer pairwise to obtain the weight coefficients of the four criterion layers; constructing sub-criterion layers for C1 and C4 and determining the weight coefficients of the sub-criterion layers; determining the weight coefficient of each indicator based on the weight coefficients of the criterion layers and the weight coefficients of the sub-criterion layers; scoring the indicator values ​​based on a preset scoring function to obtain indicator score values; multiplying the indicator score value by the corresponding indicator weight coefficient to obtain the health index of the corresponding indicator; and summing the health indices of different indicators to obtain the health status index of the surge protector (SPD).

9. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is a comprehensive human-computer interaction platform that integrates the lightning protection system itself and the system status monitoring system.

10. The intelligent lightning protection system for wind turbine blade de-icing control equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The integrated intelligent lightning protection management system is also used for: The system displays real-time monitoring information, maintenance and repair warnings for the fan, and warnings from the surge protector. Based on historical processing methods, provide maintenance and repair suggestions for the current warning information.

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