Mine environment monitoring method, device and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mine environment monitoring method, device and system, and relates to the technical field of mine environment monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: 1, preliminary data collection, 2, topographic information analysis, and 3, risk grade analysis. Analyzing the environmental safety index of each side slope area of the surface iron ore, screening each abnormal side slope area, matching various types of mine distribution topographic information of each abnormal side slope area, and evaluating the topographic space landslide confrontation index and the topographic environment landslide confrontation index of each abnormal side slope area of the surface iron ore; the fuzziness and missed judgment risk of traditional manual judgment are avoided, the accuracy of anomaly recognition is improved, resource waste is avoided, landslide accidents are avoided, the damage degree is reduced, the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the surface iron ore is judged, risk processing is carried out, resource waste in a low-risk area is avoided, risk upgrading is restrained, and the safety of the surface iron ore is improved. And a solid guarantee is provided for mine safety production.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine environment monitoring, in particular to a mine environment monitoring method, device and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In today's society, mineral resources, as the basis of industrial development, play a crucial role in economic growth. However, long-term mining operations are faced with complex and harsh environmental challenges, which not only seriously threaten the safety of miners, but also cause irreparable damage to the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze a mine environment monitoring method, device and system.

[0003] The prior art, such as the invention application patent disclosed in the mine environment monitoring method, device and system with the publication number CN114494224A, obtains the aerial image of the mine area to be measured collected by the unmanned aerial vehicle flight, respectively performs brightness segmentation and color segmentation on the aerial image, obtains multiple brightness channel images and color channel images, extracts the feature patterns of the brightness channel images and color channel images, determines the pattern outlines of each feature pattern, and labels the environmental information collected by the environmental monitoring equipment for the pattern outlines to obtain labeled pattern outlines, and obtains the three-dimensional model of the mine. Related monitoring personnel can quickly and intuitively understand the mine environment through the three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model is more conducive to the overall monitoring feedback of the three-dimensional environment of the mine compared with the two-dimensional image.

[0004] The prior art of a mine environment monitoring method, device and system can meet the basic requirements, but there are some potential defects and challenges, which are embodied in the following aspects: 1. The analysis of the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine in the prior art is not accurate enough, which affects the screening of each abnormal slope area, affects the matching of various mine distribution topographic information of each abnormal slope area, and leads to the inaccuracy of the evaluation of the topographic space landslide resistance index and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, increases the ambiguity and missed judgment risk of traditional manual judgment, reduces the accuracy of abnormal identification, increases resource waste and landslide accidents, and increases the damage degree caused by landslide.

[0005] 2. The judgment of the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine in the prior art is not paid enough attention to, which affects the risk treatment, increases the waste of resources in the low risk area, increases the landslide risk, and reduces the safety production of the mine. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mine environment monitoring method, device and system that solves the problems in the background art.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions: the present application provides a mine environment monitoring method, comprising the following steps: step one, preliminary data collection, step two, topographic information analysis, and step three, risk level analysis.

[0008] Step one, preliminary data collection: by arranging displacement monitoring stations in each slope area of the open pit iron mine, collecting slope data, and further analyzing the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine.

[0009] Step two, topographic information analysis: based on the obtained environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine, screening each abnormal slope area, matching each type of mine distribution topographic information of each abnormal slope area, and collecting topographic spatial data and topographic environmental data through unmanned aerial vehicle surveying system and remote sensing equipment, evaluating the topographic spatial landslide resistance index and topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine.

[0010] Step three, risk level analysis: based on the obtained topographic spatial landslide resistance index and topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, judging the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, and performing risk processing.

[0011] Further, the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine is analyzed, and the specific analysis method is as follows: based on the obtained slope data, wherein the slope data includes: the horizontal displacement amount, crack width, number of faults, number of joints, and rock mass sound wave propagation speed of each slope area of the open pit iron mine, and the horizontal displacement amount safety interval, crack width safety interval, fault number safety interval, joint number safety interval, and rock mass sound wave propagation speed safety interval of each slope area of the open pit iron mine are extracted from the database, the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine is analyzed, and the specific calculation formula is as follows: , H ld represents the dth slope data of the lth slope area of the open pit iron mine, H ld ' represents the dth slope data safety interval of the lth slope area of the open pit iron mine, d∈[1,5].

[0012] Further, the abnormal slope region is screened, and a specific analysis method is as follows: based on the obtained environment safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine, the environment safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine is compared with the environment safety index safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine stored in the database. If the environment safety index of a certain slope region of the open-pit mine is not in the environment safety index safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine, it is indicated that the slope region of the open-pit mine is in an abnormal state, and the slope region is recorded as an abnormal slope region. Thus, each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is obtained. If the environment safety index of a certain slope region of the open-pit mine is in the environment safety index safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine, it is indicated that the slope region of the open-pit mine is in a normal state.

[0013] Further, the distribution terrain information of each type of ore in each abnormal slope region is matched, and a specific analysis method is as follows: each terrain information of each abnormal slope region is monitored by a detection device and a laser radar carried by a UAV, wherein the terrain information includes band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine. The band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value corresponding to each type of ore are extracted from the database.

[0014] The distribution region of each type of ore in each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is identified, and the band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine are compared with the band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value corresponding to each type of ore. If the band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value of a certain terrain information of a certain abnormal slope region are in the band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value corresponding to a certain type of ore, the terrain information of the abnormal slope region is recorded as the distribution terrain information of the type of ore in the abnormal slope region, and the distribution terrain information of each type of ore in each abnormal slope region is obtained.

[0015] Further, the evaluation of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine topographic space landslide resistance index, its specific analysis method is: based on the obtained each type of mine distribution topographic information of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, taking a certain type of mine of the open-pit mine as an example, recording the type of mine as a reference type of mine, recording the remaining type of mine as a general type of mine, and counting the distribution area of the reference type of mine and the total distribution area of the open-pit mine, and based on the obtained topographic space data, wherein the topographic space data includes the microtopographic matching degree and the terrain fluctuation frequency of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, extracting the microtopographic matching degree safety interval and the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine from the database, analyzing the topographic space landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, and its specific calculation formula is: Wherein, T represents the topographic restriction factor corresponding to the topographic space data, d' represents the distribution area of the reference type of mine, d represents the total distribution area of the open-pit mine, g represents the number of each abnormal slope region, g=1, 2, …, m, m represents the number of abnormal slope regions, e g ' represents the microtopographic matching degree safety interval of the gth abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, h g ' represents the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the gth abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, e g represents the microtopographic matching degree of the gth abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, h g represents the terrain fluctuation frequency of the gth abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine.

[0016] Further, the evaluation of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine topographic environment landslide resistance index, its specific analysis method is: based on the obtained topographic environment data, wherein the topographic environment data includes: the shear strength, catchment area, seepage path length, vegetation coverage of each type of mine of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, comparing the shear strength, catchment area, seepage path length, vegetation coverage of each type of mine of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine with the shear strength safety interval, catchment area safety interval, seepage path length safety interval, and vegetation coverage safety interval of each type of mine of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine stored in the database, if the shear strength of a certain type of mine of a certain abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is in the shear strength safety interval, the catchment area is in the catchment area safety interval, the seepage path length is in the seepage path length safety interval, and the vegetation coverage is in the vegetation coverage safety interval, then the topographic environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is recorded as f, otherwise as f', and the topographic environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is obtained g , the value of β gt includes f or f', wherein f>f'.

[0017] Further, the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is judged, and the specific analysis method is as follows: when the obtained terrain space landslide resistance index and terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine are , the landslide risk level of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is recorded as a first-level risk, and when , the landslide risk level of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is recorded as a second-level risk.

[0018] Further, the risk treatment is performed, and the specific analysis method is as follows: when it is a first-level risk, the monitoring frequency of the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection is increased to a detection frequency threshold, and a water intercepting ditch is set.

[0019] When it is a second-level risk, personnel are immediately evacuated, a warning prompt is given, a warning sign is placed, work is suspended, each abnormal slope region is scanned and classified through an unmanned aerial vehicle, the slope top loading area and the slope foot hollowing area of each abnormal slope region are obtained, the slope top loading area is urgently cleared and loaded, the slope foot hollowing area is backfilled with graded sandstone to enhance the anti-sliding force of the slope.

[0020] The second aspect of the present application provides a device for executing the mine environment monitoring method, characterized by comprising a processor, a memory and a communication bus; the memory stores a computer readable program that can be executed by the processor; the communication bus realizes the connection communication between the processor and the memory; the processor executes the computer readable program to realize a device for a mine environment monitoring method.

[0021] The third aspect of the present application provides a system for executing the mine environment monitoring method, characterized by comprising: a preliminary data acquisition module: by arranging displacement monitoring stations on each slope region of the open-pit mine, collecting slope data, and further analyzing the environment safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine.

[0022] A topographic information analysis module: based on the obtained environment safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine, screening each abnormal slope region, matching each type of mine distribution topographic information of each abnormal slope region, and collecting terrain space data and terrain environment data through an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey system and remote sensing equipment, evaluating the terrain space landslide resistance index and terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine.

[0023] A risk level analysis module: based on the obtained terrain space landslide resistance index and terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, judging the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, and performing risk treatment.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present application are that in step one, preliminary data collection, and step two, terrain information analysis: by arranging displacement monitoring stations in each slope area of the open pit mine, collecting slope data, and then analyzing the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit mine, screening each abnormal slope area, matching the terrain information of each type of mine distribution in each abnormal slope area, and collecting terrain spatial data and terrain environmental data through unmanned aerial vehicle surveying system and remote sensing equipment, evaluating the terrain spatial landslide resistance index and terrain environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine, avoiding the ambiguity and missed risk of traditional manual judgment, improving the accuracy of abnormal identification, avoiding resource waste, avoiding landslide accidents, and reducing the damage degree.

[0025] In step three, risk level analysis: based on the obtained terrain spatial landslide resistance index and terrain environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine, the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is judged, and risk treatment is performed, avoiding resource waste in low-risk areas, suppressing risk escalation, and providing solid protection for mine safety production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 The present application provides a method for implementing step flowchart.

[0028] Figure 2 The present application provides a system structure connection diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] Referring to Figure 1 The present application provides a mine environment monitoring method, comprising: step one, preliminary data collection, step two, terrain information analysis and step three, risk level analysis.

[0031] Step one, preliminary data collection: by arranging displacement monitoring stations in each slope area of the open pit mine, collecting slope data, and then analyzing the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit mine.

[0032] In the above embodiment, the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit mine is analyzed, and the specific analysis method is: based on the obtained slope data, wherein the slope data includes: the horizontal displacement amount, the crack width, the number of broken layers, the number of joints, and the rock mass sound wave propagation speed of each slope area of the open pit mine, and the horizontal displacement amount safety interval, the crack width safety interval, the number of broken layers safety interval, the number of joints safety interval, and the rock mass sound wave propagation speed safety interval of each slope area of the open pit mine are extracted from the database, and the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit mine is analyzed, and the specific calculation formula is: , H ld represents the dth slope data of the lth slope area of the open pit mine, H ld represents the dth slope data safety interval of the lth slope area of the open pit mine, d∈[1,5].

[0033] It should be noted that the horizontal displacement amount of each slope area of the open pit mine is obtained by inclinometer monitoring, which can determine the depth and position of the sliding surface; the crack width of each slope area of the open pit mine is collected by the crack detector installed on both sides of the crack on the slope surface, which reflects the cracking degree of the local rock mass; the number of broken layers, the number of joints, and the rock mass sound wave propagation speed of each slope area of the open pit mine are obtained by geological radar detection and identified by electromagnetic wave reflection image, which affects the structural integrity; the rock mass sound wave propagation speed of each slope area of the open pit mine is collected by the sound wave tester, which determines the rock mass integrity, and the lower the speed, the higher the degree of rock mass fragmentation; if the horizontal displacement amount, the crack width, the number of broken layers, the number of joints, and the rock mass sound wave propagation speed of each slope area of the open pit mine are abnormal, the collapse risk is affected, and then the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit mine is affected, therefore, it is necessary to analyze the horizontal displacement amount, the crack width, the number of broken layers, the number of joints, and the rock mass sound wave propagation speed.

[0034] Step two, terrain information analysis: based on the obtained environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit mine, screening each abnormal slope area, matching each type of mine distribution terrain information of each abnormal slope area, and collecting terrain spatial data and terrain environmental data through unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey system and remote sensing equipment, evaluating the terrain spatial landslide resistance index and the terrain environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine.

[0035] In the above embodiment, the specific analysis method of screening each abnormal slope region is: based on the obtained environment safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine, comparing the environment safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine with the environment safety index safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine stored in the database, if the environment safety index of a certain slope region of the open-pit mine is not in the environment safety index safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine, it means that the slope region of the open-pit mine is in an abnormal state, and the slope region is recorded as an abnormal slope region, and then each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is obtained, if the environment safety index of a certain slope region of the open-pit mine is in the environment safety index safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine, it means that the slope region of the open-pit mine is in a normal state.

[0036] In the above embodiment, the specific analysis method of matching each type of mine distribution terrain information of each abnormal slope region is: through the detection equipment and laser radar carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle for inspection, each terrain information of each abnormal slope region is monitored, wherein each terrain information includes: band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, and the corresponding band reflectivity compliance interval, elevation difference compliance interval, terrain curvature compliance interval, and characteristic spectrum value compliance interval of each type of mine are extracted from the database.

[0037] The distribution regions of each type of mine of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine are identified, and the band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine are compared with the corresponding band reflectivity compliance interval, elevation difference compliance interval, terrain curvature compliance interval, and characteristic spectrum value compliance interval of each type of mine, if the band reflectivity, elevation difference, terrain curvature, and characteristic spectrum value of a certain terrain information of a certain abnormal slope region are in the corresponding band reflectivity compliance interval, elevation difference compliance interval, terrain curvature compliance interval, and characteristic spectrum value compliance interval of a certain type of mine, the terrain information of the abnormal slope region is recorded as the type of mine distribution terrain information of the abnormal slope region, and each type of mine distribution terrain information of each abnormal slope region is obtained.

[0038] It should be noted that the band reflectivity and the characteristic spectral value are the core basis for identifying the essence of the mineral, the characteristic spectral value extracted from the hyperspectral data can be directly matched with the spectral library of known minerals to quickly distinguish the target mineral from non-mineral surrounding rock; the elevation difference reflects the vertical spatial difference of different levels of the slope, and the formation and distribution of the mineral are often affected by the vertical differentiation of the stratum burial depth, tectonic uplift or sedimentary environment, so the elevation difference is crucial for analyzing the vertical distribution law of the mineral; the terrain curvature reflects the concave-convex shape of the slope, and the formation and distribution of the mineral are often controlled by structures such as faults and folds, which directly affect the change of the terrain curvature, so the terrain curvature is a key parameter for analyzing the structure-controlling mineralization, and the terrain curvature may be affected by the later erosion, and the coordinated application of the band reflectivity, the elevation difference, the terrain curvature and the characteristic spectral value can form a three-dimensional analysis framework of “material composition-spatial form-structural background”, which can significantly improve the accuracy of the mineral distribution analysis, so it is necessary to analyze the band reflectivity, the elevation difference, the terrain curvature and the characteristic spectral value of each level of the slope of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine.

[0039] In the above embodiment, the terrain space landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine is evaluated, and the specific analysis method is as follows: based on the obtained terrain information of the distribution of each mineral in each abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine, taking a certain mineral in the open-pit iron mine as an example, the mineral is recorded as a reference mineral, and the remaining minerals are recorded as general minerals, the distribution area of the reference mineral and the total area of the distribution area of the open-pit iron mine are obtained, and based on the obtained terrain space data, the terrain space data includes the micro-terrain matching degree and the terrain fluctuation frequency of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine, the micro-terrain matching degree safety interval and the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine are extracted from the database, and the terrain space landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine is analyzed, and the specific calculation formula is: , wherein T represents the terrain restriction factor corresponding to the terrain space data, , d' represents the distribution area of the reference mineral, d represents the total area of the distribution area of the open-pit iron mine, g represents the number of each abnormal slope area, g=1, 2, …, m, m represents the number of abnormal slope areas, e g ' represents the micro-terrain matching degree safety interval of the gth abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine, h g ' represents the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the gth abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine, e g represents the micro-terrain matching degree of the gth abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine, h g represents the terrain fluctuation frequency of the gth abnormal slope area of the open-pit iron mine.

[0040] It should be noted that the topographic spatial data of the abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is the core parameter for describing the correlation between the ore and the topography, wherein the micro-topography matching degree reflects the similarity of the micro-topography characteristics of different ore distribution areas, such as local slope value and slope angle, and the topographic fluctuation frequency reflects the speed of the topography ups and downs in space, such as high-frequency fluctuation indicating that the topography is broken and ups and downs sharply, and low frequency indicating that the topography is gentle and continuous; therefore, it is meaningful to analyze the micro-topography matching degree and the topographic fluctuation frequency of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine to evaluate the topographic spatial landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine.

[0041] In the above embodiment, the specific analysis method of the topographic environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is: based on the obtained topographic environment data, wherein the topographic environment data includes the shear strength, catchment area, seepage path length and vegetation coverage of each ore in each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine, the shear strength, catchment area, seepage path length and vegetation coverage of each ore in each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine are compared with the shear strength safety interval, catchment area safety interval, seepage path length safety interval and vegetation coverage safety interval of each ore in each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine stored in the database, if the shear strength of a certain ore in a certain abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is in the shear strength safety interval, the catchment area is in the catchment area safety interval, the seepage path length is in the seepage path length safety interval, and the vegetation coverage is in the vegetation coverage safety interval, then the topographic environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is recorded as f, otherwise as f', and then the topographic environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is obtained g , the value of β gt includes f or f', wherein f>f'.

[0042] It should be noted that the shear strength, catchment area, seepage path length, vegetation coverage from the four dimensions of mechanical stability, hydrological driving force, seepage depth and ecological regulation, build the "multi-factor-multi-scale" correlation of the ore-like and the terrain environment; the shear strength is the core mechanical index of the rock-soil body resisting shear failure, directly reflects the stability of the ore-like under the action of the slope self-weight and external force, if the shear strength of a certain ore-like is high, it means that the ore-like can maintain a strong mechanical balance in the current terrain; the catchment area is the total area of the slope region to accept precipitation or surface runoff, directly affects the water input intensity of the environment where the ore-like is located, the area with large catchment area has more surface water collection after precipitation, and is easy to form surface runoff to scour the surface layer of the ore-like; the seepage path length is the seepage path distance of groundwater from the recharge area to the ore-like distribution area, directly affects the soaking and softening time of groundwater to the ore-like, long seepage path means that the interaction between groundwater and rock-soil body is more sufficient in the seepage process; the vegetation coverage affects the stability of the terrain where the ore-like is located through the effects of root soil fixation, interception of precipitation and reduction of surface runoff, the landslide resistance index of the ore-like in the terrain environment will decrease due to the ecological slope fixation; therefore, it is meaningful to analyze the shear strength, catchment area, seepage path length and vegetation coverage of each ore-like in each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine to evaluate the landslide resistance index of the terrain environment of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine.

[0043] In step one, preliminary data collection and step two, terrain information analysis: by arranging displacement monitoring stations in each slope region of the open-pit mine, collecting slope data, and then analyzing the environmental safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine, screening each abnormal slope region, matching the terrain information of each ore-like distribution, and collecting terrain spatial data and terrain environment data through unmanned aerial vehicle surveying system and remote sensing equipment, the terrain spatial landslide resistance index and the terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine are evaluated, which avoids the ambiguity and omission risk of traditional manual judgment, improves the accuracy of abnormal identification, avoids resource waste, avoids landslide accidents, and reduces the damage degree.

[0044] Step three, risk level analysis: based on the obtained terrain spatial landslide resistance index and terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is judged, and the risk is processed.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the specific analysis method for judging the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is: based on the obtained terrain spatial landslide resistance index and terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine, whenthe landslide risk level of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is recorded as a first-level risk, and whenthe landslide risk level of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit mine is recorded as a second-level risk.

[0046] It should be noted that the evaluation of the topographic spatial landslide resistance index and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine jointly builds a "cause-evolution" evaluation framework for landslide risk from two dimensions of spatial structure adaptability and environmental driving mechanism. The topographic spatial landslide resistance index focuses on the spatial adaptability of the ore distribution and the topographic form, and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index focuses on the interaction between the ore and environmental factors. The effect of the landslide risk value is essentially "quantifying how the external environment exacerbates or mitigates potential instability". The topographic spatial landslide resistance index and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index do not act in isolation, but through the synergy of "structural hazards + environmental driving", they jointly determine the final magnitude of the landslide risk value. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the topographic spatial landslide resistance index and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine to predict the topographic landslide risk value of each type of ore in each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the risk processing is specifically analyzed as follows: when it is a first-level risk, the monitoring frequency of the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection is increased to a detection frequency threshold, and a water interception ditch is set.

[0048] When it is a second-level risk, personnel are immediately evacuated, a warning prompt is given, a warning sign is placed, work is suspended, each abnormal slope area is scanned and classified by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the slope top loading area and the slope foot hollowing area of each abnormal slope area are obtained, the slope top loading area is urgently cleared and loaded, the slope foot hollowing area is backfilled with graded sandstone to enhance the anti-sliding force of the slope.

[0049] It should be noted that the water interception ditch is set to prevent rainwater erosion from causing local collapse.

[0050] It should be noted that a first-level risk means that the current landslide probability is low, but there are potential inducements that may lead to risk escalation, and a second-level risk indicates that the slope has shown signs of instability, which may cause large-scale landslides in the short term.

[0051] It should be noted that the slope top loading area is an abnormal slope with slag accumulation, and the slope foot hollowing area is a concave cavity formed after the mining of the ore.

[0052] In step three, risk level analysis: based on the obtained topographic spatial landslide resistance index and topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine, the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine is determined, risk processing is performed to avoid wasting resources in low-risk areas, to curb risk escalation, and to provide a solid guarantee for mine safety production.

[0053] In the above embodiment, a device for a mine environment monitoring method, characterized in that, comprising a processor, a memory and a communication bus; the memory stores a computer readable program that can be executed by the processor; the communication bus realizes the connection communication between the processor and the memory; the processor executes the computer readable program to realize a device for a mine environment monitoring method.

[0054] Referring to Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the present application provides a system for a mine environment monitoring method, characterized in that, comprising: a preliminary data acquisition module: by arranging displacement monitoring stations in each slope area of the open pit iron mine, collecting slope data, and then analyzing the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine.

[0055] A topographic information analysis module: based on the obtained environmental safety index of each slope area of the open pit iron mine, screening each abnormal slope area, matching each type of mine distribution topographic information of each abnormal slope area, and collecting topographic spatial data and topographic environmental data through an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey system and remote sensing equipment, and evaluating the topographic spatial landslide resistance index and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine.

[0056] A risk level analysis module: based on the obtained topographic spatial landslide resistance index and topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, judging the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, and performing risk processing.

[0057] It should be noted that the database is used to store the horizontal displacement amount safety interval of each slope area of the open pit iron mine, the crack width safety interval, the number of fracture intervals, the number of joints safety interval, the rock mass sound wave propagation speed safety interval, the environmental safety index safety interval of each slope area of the open pit iron mine, the wave band reflectivity compliance interval corresponding to each type of mine, the elevation difference compliance interval, the topographic curvature compliance interval, the characteristic spectrum value compliance interval, the microtopographic matching degree safety interval and the topographic fluctuation frequency safety interval of the abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, the shear strength safety interval of each type of mine in each abnormal slope area of the open pit iron mine, the catchment area safety interval, the seepage path length safety interval, the vegetation coverage safety interval and the detection frequency threshold.

[0058] It should be noted that the horizontal displacement amount safety interval of each slope area of the open pit mine, the crack width safety interval, the number of fracture safety interval, the number of joint safety interval, the rock mass sound wave propagation speed safety interval, the environment safety index safety interval of each slope area of the open pit mine, the wave band reflectivity corresponding to each type of ore, the height difference, the terrain curvature, the characteristic spectrum value, the microtopography matching degree safety interval and the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the abnormal slope area of the open pit mine, the shear strength safety interval of each type of ore of each abnormal slope area of the open pit mine, the catchment area safety interval, the seepage path length safety interval, the vegetation coverage safety interval and the detection frequency threshold are set by relevant staff.

[0059] The above is only an example and description of the concept of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the concept of the present application or exceed the scope defined by the present application, which shall belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of mine environment monitoring, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: preliminary data collection: by arranging displacement monitoring stations on each slope area of the open-pit mine, collecting slope data, and then analyzing the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open-pit mine; Step 2: topographic information analysis: based on the obtained environmental safety index of each slope area of the open-pit mine, screening each abnormal slope area, matching the topographic information of each type of mine distribution of each abnormal slope area, collecting topographic spatial data and topographic environmental data through the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey system and remote sensing equipment, and evaluating the topographic spatial landslide resistance index and the topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine; Step 3: risk level analysis: based on the obtained topographic spatial landslide resistance index and topographic environmental landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine, judging the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine, and performing risk processing.

2. A mine environment monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental safety index of each slope area of the open-pit mine is analyzed in the following specific manner: Based on the obtained slope data, wherein the slope data comprises: horizontal displacement amount, crack width, number of fractures, number of joints, rock mass sound propagation velocity of each slope region of the open-pit mine, and the horizontal displacement amount safety interval, crack width safety interval, number of fractures safety interval, number of joints safety interval, and rock mass sound propagation velocity safety interval of each slope region of the open-pit mine are extracted from the database, the environmental safety index of each slope region of the open-pit mine is analyzed, and the specific calculation formula is: , H ld represents the dth slope data of the lth slope region of the open-pit mine, H ld ' represents the dth slope data safety interval of the lth slope region of the open-pit mine, d∈[1,5].

3. A mine environment monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The specific analysis method for screening each abnormal slope area is as follows: Based on the obtained environmental safety index of each slope area of the open-pit mine, the environmental safety index of each slope area of the open-pit mine is compared with the environmental safety index safety interval of each slope area of the open-pit mine stored in the database. If the environmental safety index of a certain slope area of the open-pit mine is not within the environmental safety index safety interval of each slope area of the open-pit mine, it indicates that the slope area of the open-pit mine is in an abnormal state, and the slope area is recorded as an abnormal slope area, thereby obtaining each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine. If the environmental safety index of a certain slope area of the open-pit mine is within the environmental safety index safety interval of each slope area of the open-pit mine, it indicates that the slope area of the open-pit mine is in a normal state.

4. The mine environment monitoring method of claim 1, wherein, The specific analysis method for matching the topographic information of each type of mine distribution of each abnormal slope area is as follows: Each topographic information of each abnormal slope area is monitored through the detection equipment and laser radar carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle. The topographic information includes the band reflectivity, elevation difference, topographic curvature, and characteristic spectral value of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine. The band reflectivity, elevation difference, topographic curvature, and characteristic spectral value corresponding to each type of mine are extracted from the database. The distribution area of each type of mine in each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine is identified by comparing the band reflectivity, elevation difference, topographic curvature, and characteristic spectral value of each abnormal slope area of the open-pit mine with the band reflectivity, elevation difference, topographic curvature, and characteristic spectral value corresponding to each type of mine. If the band reflectivity, elevation difference, topographic curvature, and characteristic spectral value of a certain topographic information of a certain abnormal slope area are within the band reflectivity, elevation difference, topographic curvature, and characteristic spectral value corresponding to a certain type of mine, the topographic information of the abnormal slope area is recorded as the type of mine distribution topographic information of the abnormal slope area, and the topographic information of each abnormal slope area of each type of mine is obtained.

5. A mine environment monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the obtained terrain information of each type of ore distribution of each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, taking a type of ore of the open pit mine as an example, the type of ore is recorded as a reference type of ore, and the remaining types of ore are recorded as general types of ore, the distribution area of the reference type of ore and the total distribution area of the open pit mine are counted, and based on the obtained terrain spatial data, the terrain spatial data includes the micro-terrain matching degree and the terrain fluctuation frequency of each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, the micro-terrain matching degree safety interval and the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the abnormal slope region of the open pit mine are extracted from the database, and the terrain spatial landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine is analyzed, and the specific calculation formula is: Wherein, T represents the terrain constraint factor corresponding to the terrain spatial data, d' represents the distribution area of the reference type of ore, d represents the total distribution area of the open pit mine, g represents the number of each abnormal slope region, g=1, 2,…, m, m represents the number of abnormal slope regions, e g ' represents the micro-terrain matching degree safety interval of the gth abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, h g ' represents the terrain fluctuation frequency safety interval of the gth abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, e g represents the micro-terrain matching degree of the gth abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, h g represents the terrain fluctuation frequency of the gth abnormal slope region of the open pit mine.

6. A mine environment monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the obtained terrain environment data, wherein the terrain environment data includes: the shear strength of each type of ore in each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, the catchment area, the seepage path length, the vegetation coverage, the shear strength of each type of ore in each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine, the catchment area, the seepage path length, the vegetation coverage are compared with the shear strength safety interval, the catchment area safety interval, the seepage path length safety interval, the vegetation coverage safety interval of each type of ore in each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine stored in the database, if the shear strength of a certain type of ore in a certain abnormal slope region of the open pit mine is in the shear strength safety interval, the catchment area is in the catchment area safety interval, the seepage path length is in the seepage path length safety interval, and the vegetation coverage is in the vegetation coverage safety interval, then the terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine is recorded as f, otherwise as f', and the terrain environment landslide resistance index β of each abnormal slope region of the open pit mine is obtained g , β gt The value of f or f' is included, wherein f > f'.

7. A mine environment monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: based on the obtained terrain space landslide resistance index and terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit iron mine, when the landslide risk level of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit iron mine is recorded as a first-level risk, and when the landslide risk level of the abnormal slope region of the open-pit iron mine is recorded as a second-level risk.

8. A mine environment monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The method comprises the following steps: When the risk level is the first level, the monitoring frequency of the unmanned aerial vehicle is increased to the detection frequency threshold, and a water intercepting ditch is set.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, When the risk level is the second level, personnel are immediately evacuated, a warning is given, a warning sign is placed, work is suspended, each abnormal slope region is scanned and classified by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the slope top loading area and the slope foot hollowing area of each abnormal slope region are obtained, the slope top loading area is cleared and unloaded in an emergency, the slope foot hollowing area is backfilled with graded sandstone to enhance the anti-sliding capacity of the slope.

10. The system for mine environment monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device comprises a processor, a memory and a communication bus. The device comprises: The preliminary data acquisition module acquires slope data by arranging displacement monitoring stations in each slope region of the open-pit iron mine, and analyzes the environmental safety index of each slope region of the open-pit iron mine; The terrain information analysis module screens each abnormal slope region based on the obtained environmental safety index of each slope region of the open-pit iron mine, matches each type of mine distribution terrain information of each abnormal slope region, acquires terrain space data and terrain environment data by an unmanned aerial vehicle aerial survey system and remote sensing equipment, and evaluates the terrain space landslide resistance index and the terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit iron mine; The risk level analysis module judges the landslide risk level of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit iron mine based on the terrain space landslide resistance index and the terrain environment landslide resistance index of each abnormal slope region of the open-pit iron mine, and performs risk processing.

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