Beef cattle feed additive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a beef cattle feed additive and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of feed additives.Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract is added to the feed additive, contains a large amount of chlorogenic acid and has a synergistic effect with citrus flavone, the content of fat in beef muscles is remarkably increased, nano-coated slow-release selenium yeast is added, the selenium bioavailability is increased, and the feed additive has the advantages of being capable of improving the beef quality and the like. Meanwhile, the citrus flavonoid microcapsules are added, so that the release of the citrus flavonoid microcapsules in rumen is reduced, the citrus flavonoid microcapsules are released in a targeted manner in the abomasum, and the utilization rate of citrus flavonoid is increased. The probiotics and the traditional Chinese medicine mixture are combined to inhibit escherichia coli and salmonella, and the illness probability of beef cattle is reduced. In the raw materials, through the synergistic effect of the composite mineral substances and the traditional Chinese medicine components, the anti-stress capability of the beef cattle is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed additive technology, and in particular to a beef cattle feed additive and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Beef cattle, also known as beef-producing cattle, are a type of cattle primarily raised for beef production. They are characterized by their well-developed bodies, rapid weight gain, high feed conversion ratio, excellent meat production performance, and superior meat quality and taste. Beef cattle not only provide meat but also other by-products. Therefore, beef cattle farming has a promising future.

[0003] With the increasing intensification of beef cattle farming and the growing severity of the greenhouse effect, heat stress has become a significant factor affecting beef cattle production performance. High temperature and humidity environments easily induce heat stress responses in beef cattle, accompanied by oxidative stress, manifesting as decreased feed intake, slow growth, rumen function damage, digestive system disorders, and reduced nutrient utilization, severely impacting beef cattle production performance and causing substantial losses. The rumen is the primary site for nutrient digestion and utilization in ruminants, and rumen fermentation function has a decisive influence on ruminant production. Therefore, alleviating summer heat stress and promoting rumen microbial fermentation are both crucial for ensuring beef cattle welfare and essential for improving their production performance.

[0004] Patent CN118000306A discloses a mixed feed additive for fattening beef cattle, its preparation method, and its application. The additive uses betaine, slow-release urea, brewer's yeast, Aspergillus oryzae extract, chromium propionate, mixed probiotics, compound minerals, antioxidants, and a carrier as raw materials. The synergistic effect of these components not only meets the nutritional needs and fattening requirements of beef cattle at various stages but also enhances their digestion, absorption, and conversion of nutrients, promoting growth and development and improving feed utilization.

[0005] However, existing technologies cannot meet the high-efficiency requirements of beef cattle farming, and further improvements in beef cattle farming efficiency are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a beef cattle feed additive that improves the utilization rate of nutrients, enhances the immunity and growth rate of beef cattle, and shortens the feeding cycle of beef cattle by adjusting the composition of raw materials.

[0007] The beef cattle feed additive of the present invention comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] 20-30 parts of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, 20-30 parts of mixed Chinese medicine, 20-25 parts of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, 15-25 parts of citrus flavonoid microcapsules, 5-10 parts of compound probiotics, and 5-10 parts of compound minerals.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract includes the following steps:

[0010] The dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves are steamed over boiling water for 3-10 minutes, then mixed with mixed fermentation bacteria, and fermented in a sealed container at 35-40℃ for 10-24 hours. The fermented material is then extracted twice with hydrothermal extract. The extracts are mixed, concentrated, and dried to obtain the fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

[0011] More preferably, the mixed fermentation bacteria include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1-3 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and 1-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0012] More preferably, the mass ratio of the mixed fermentation bacteria to the dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves is 1:90-100.

[0013] Preferably, the herbal mixture is composed of prepared licorice root, scutellaria baicalensis, dried ginger, and ginkgo leaves in a mass ratio of 2-5:3-5:4-5:3-4.

[0014] Preferably, the preparation method of the nano-encapsulated sustained-release selenium yeast includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) Dissolve the selenium yeast powder in deionized water and disperse it evenly to form a selenium yeast suspension;

[0016] (2) Dissolve chitosan powder and sodium alginate in deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain a wall material solution;

[0017] (3) Under high-speed shearing at 10,000 rpm, the selenium yeast suspension was slowly added dropwise to the wall material solution and sheared continuously for 10-20 minutes to form colostrum;

[0018] (4) The colostrum was added to the calcium chloride solution to generate cross-linked droplets. After stirring for 1-2 hours, the cross-linking was completed. After washing and drying, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast was obtained.

[0019] Preferably, the method for preparing the citrus flavonoid microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0020] (1) Prepare gelatin solution and gum arabic solution separately, and dissolve them by heating in a water bath;

[0021] (2) Add citrus flavonoids to the gelatin solution and emulsify by high-speed shearing to obtain an emulsion;

[0022] (3) Mix the emulsion with the gum arabic solution and stir at 40-50℃ to form a stable composite emulsion;

[0023] (4) Adjust the pH of the composite emulsion to 4.0-4.5 with acetic acid, stir continuously, cool the system to 5-10℃ and add the crosslinking agent tannic acid, stir at low temperature for 1-2 hours to solidify and crosslink, centrifuge, filter, wash and freeze dry to obtain citrus flavonoid microcapsules.

[0024] Preferably, the compound probiotics are composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0025] 1-3 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-4 parts of Enterococcus faecalis, 1-4 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 2-5 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum, and 1-5 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri.

[0026] Preferably, the composite mineral is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0027] Calcium bicarbonate 1-3 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, sodium oxide 4-6 parts, betaine 3-5 parts, zinc sulfate 1-2 parts, ferrous chloride 4-6 parts.

[0028] This invention also provides a method for preparing a beef cattle feed additive, comprising the following steps:

[0029] The fermented extract of Eucommia ulmoides, a mixture of traditional Chinese medicines, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, citrus flavonoid microcapsules, compound probiotics, and compound minerals are mixed in proportion and stirred evenly to obtain the beef cattle feed additive.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] This invention provides a beef cattle feed additive and its preparation method. It includes the addition of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, which contains a large amount of chlorogenic acid. This synergistic effect with citrus flavonoids significantly increases the intramuscular fat content of beef. The addition of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast improves selenium bioavailability and continuously releases antioxidants. Simultaneously, the addition of citrus flavonoid microcapsules reduces its release in the rumen while targeting its release in the abomasum, thus improving the utilization rate of citrus flavonoids. The combination of probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine in this invention inhibits Escherichia coli and Salmonella, reducing the incidence of disease in beef cattle. The synergistic effect of compound minerals and traditional Chinese medicine components in the raw materials of this invention enhances the stress resistance of beef cattle. Detailed Implementation

[0032] This invention provides a beef cattle feed additive, composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0033] 20-30 parts of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, 20-30 parts of mixed Chinese medicine, 20-25 parts of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, 15-25 parts of citrus flavonoid microcapsules, 5-10 parts of compound probiotics, and 5-10 parts of compound minerals.

[0034] The preparation method of the Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract includes the following steps:

[0035] Steam dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves over boiling water for 3-10 minutes. The mass ratio of mixed fermentation bacteria to dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves is 1:90-100. Mix the steamed Eucommia ulmoides leaves with the mixed fermentation bacteria and ferment in a sealed container at 35-40℃ for 10-24 hours. Extract the fermented material twice with hydrothermal extract. Mix, concentrate, and dry the extracts to obtain the fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

[0036] The mixed fermentation bacteria were obtained by mixing 1-2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1-3 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and 1-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

[0037] The herbal mixture is composed of roasted licorice root, scutellaria baicalensis, dried ginger, and ginkgo leaves in a mass ratio of 2-5:3-5:4-5:3-4. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the herbal mixture is pulverized to a particle size ≤2mm and used directly.

[0038] The preparation method of the nano-encapsulated sustained-release selenium yeast includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Dissolve selenium yeast powder in deionized water and disperse it evenly to form a selenium yeast suspension; the ratio of selenium yeast powder to deionized water is 5-15g:1L.

[0040] (2) Dissolve chitosan powder and sodium alginate in deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a wall material solution; the ratio of chitosan, sodium alginate and deionized water is 5-10g:5-10g:1L.

[0041] (3) Under high-speed shearing at 10,000 rpm, the selenium yeast suspension is slowly added dropwise to the wall material solution and sheared continuously for 10-20 minutes to form a water-in-water (W / W) colostrum; the volume ratio of the selenium yeast suspension to the wall material solution is 1-2:1-5.

[0042] (4) The colostrum is added to the calcium chloride solution to generate cross-linked droplets. The cross-linking is completed after stirring for 1-2 hours. After washing and drying, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast is obtained. The concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 0.5-2 g / L.

[0043] Preferably, the method for preparing the citrus flavonoid microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0044] (1) Prepare gelatin solution and gum arabic solution separately, and dissolve them by heating in a water bath; the concentration of the gelatin solution is 3-10 g / L; the concentration of the gum arabic solution is 3-10 g / L;

[0045] (2) Add citrus flavonoids to gelatin solution and emulsify by high-speed shearing to obtain emulsion; the ratio of citrus flavonoids to gelatin solution is 3-10g: 400-500mL;

[0046] (3) Mix the emulsion with the gum arabic solution and stir at 40-50℃ to form a stable composite emulsion; the volume ratio of the emulsion to the gum arabic solution is 1-2:1-4;

[0047] (4) Adjust the pH of the composite emulsion to 4.0-4.5 with acetic acid, stir continuously, cool the system to 5-10℃ and add 0.2-1% of crosslinking agent tannic acid. Stir at low temperature for 1-2 hours to solidify and crosslink. After centrifugation, filtration, washing and freeze drying, citrus flavonoid microcapsules are obtained.

[0048] The compound probiotic is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0049] 1-3 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-4 parts of Enterococcus faecalis, 1-4 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 2-5 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum, and 1-5 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri.

[0050] The composite mineral is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0051] Calcium bicarbonate 1-3 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, sodium oxide 4-6 parts, betaine 3-5 parts, zinc sulfate 1-2 parts, ferrous chloride 4-6 parts.

[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract includes the following steps:

[0053] The dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves were steamed in boiling water for 10 minutes. The steamed Eucommia ulmoides leaves were mixed with the mixed fermentation bacteria at a mass ratio of 1:100. The mixture was sealed and fermented at 40°C for 20 hours. Water was added to the fermented material (material-liquid ratio of 1:10), and the mixture was heated to 80°C and extracted twice. The extracts were mixed, concentrated, and dried to obtain the fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

[0054] The mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and lactic acid bacteria is 2:3:3. All three are commercially available, conventional raw materials with a live bacteria count of at least 10. 3 -10 5 per g.

[0055] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the nano-encapsulated sustained-release selenium yeast includes the following steps:

[0056] (1) Dissolve 5g of selenium yeast powder in 500mL of deionized water and disperse evenly to form a selenium yeast suspension;

[0057] (2) Dissolve 7g of chitosan powder and 7g of sodium alginate in 1000mL of deionized water and stir evenly to obtain a wall material solution; the ratio of chitosan, sodium alginate and deionized water is 5-10g:5-10g:1L.

[0058] (3) Under high-speed shearing at 10,000 rpm, the selenium yeast suspension was slowly added dropwise to the wall material solution and sheared continuously for 20 minutes to form a water-in-water (W / W) colostrum;

[0059] (4) The colostrum was added to a calcium chloride aqueous solution with a concentration of 0.5 g / L to generate cross-linked droplets. After stirring for 1.5 hours, the cross-linking was completed. After washing and spray drying, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast was obtained.

[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the citrus flavonoid microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0061] (1) Prepare 5 g / L gelatin aqueous solution and 5 g / L gum arabic aqueous solution respectively, and dissolve them by heating in a water bath;

[0062] (2) Add 6g of citrus flavonoids to 500mL of gelatin aqueous solution and emulsify by high-speed shearing to obtain an emulsion;

[0063] (3) Mix the emulsion and gum arabic solution at a volume ratio of 1:4 and stir at 45°C to form a stable composite emulsion;

[0064] (4) Adjust the pH of the composite emulsion to 4.5 with acetic acid, stir continuously, cool the system to 5°C and add 0.2% tannic acid as a crosslinking agent. Stir at 10°C for 1.5 hours to solidify and crosslink. After centrifugation, filtration, washing and freeze drying, citrus flavonoid microcapsules are obtained.

[0065] The preparation method of the beef cattle feed additive of the present invention is as follows: Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, traditional Chinese medicine mixture, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, citrus flavonoid microcapsules, compound probiotics, and compound minerals are mixed in proportion and stirred evenly to obtain the beef cattle feed additive.

[0066] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] A beef cattle feed additive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0069] 20 parts of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine mixture, 20 parts of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, 20 parts of citrus flavonoid microcapsules, 5 parts of compound probiotics, and 6 parts of compound minerals.

[0070] The herbal mixture consists of roasted licorice root, scutellaria baicalensis root, dried ginger, and ginkgo leaves in a mass ratio of 2:3:5:3. The herbal mixture is used directly after being pulverized to a particle size of ≤2mm.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] A beef cattle feed additive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0073] 30 parts of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine mixture, 20 parts of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, 25 parts of citrus flavonoid microcapsules, 5 parts of compound probiotics, and 7 parts of compound minerals.

[0074] The herbal mixture consists of roasted licorice root, scutellaria baicalensis, dried ginger, and ginkgo leaves in a mass ratio of 4:5:4:3. The herbal mixture is used directly after being pulverized to a particle size of ≤2mm.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] A beef cattle feed additive, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0077] 25 parts of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, 20 parts of traditional Chinese medicine mixture, 25 parts of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, 15 parts of citrus flavonoid microcapsules, 10 parts of compound probiotics, and 8 parts of compound minerals.

[0078] The herbal mixture consists of roasted licorice root, scutellaria baicalensis, dried ginger, and ginkgo leaves in a mass ratio of 2:4:4:4. The herbal mixture is used directly after being pulverized to a particle size of ≤2mm.

[0079] Comparative Example 1

[0080] A beef cattle feed additive, with the same raw material composition as in Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 1, selenium yeast is used instead of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast.

[0081] Comparative Example 2

[0082] A beef cattle feed additive, with the same raw material composition as in Example 1, except that in Comparative Example 2, citrus flavonoids are used instead of citrus flavonoid microcapsules.

[0083] Comparative Example 3

[0084] A beef cattle feed additive, with the same raw material composition as in Example 1, except that no traditional Chinese medicine mixture is added in Comparative Example 3.

[0085] The following ingredients were mixed in the following mass ratios: 50 parts corn, 50 parts corn stalks, 45 parts wheat bran, 4 parts soybean meal, 0.15 parts sodium bicarbonate, 0.15 parts salt, and 3 parts vitamin mixture (vitamin A: vitamin D3: vitamin E3 in a mass ratio of 10:3:2) to obtain a beef cattle base feed. Then, the additives of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were added to the base feed to obtain a beef cattle daily ration.

[0086] One hundred and twenty Simmental crossbred cattle, each weighing 450 kg, were randomly divided into six groups and fed diets containing additives from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, respectively. The pre-experiment period was 10 days, and the formal trial period was 60 days. The average temperature and humidity index (THI) of the environment during the entire experimental period was 80, indicating that all experimental animals were in a continuous heat stress environment. Feed intake, weight changes, daily weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were recorded during the experiment. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected, serum was separated to determine antioxidant indicators, and plasma was separated to determine endotoxin and diamine oxidase activity.

[0087] The impact on production performance is shown in Table 1.

[0088] Table 1

[0089] Initial weight (kg) Average daily weight gain (kg / d) Dry matter intake (kg / d) Material weight ratio Example 1 442.3 1.45 10.8 7.45 Example 2 445.0 1.46 11.0 7.53 Example 3 446.2 1.49 11.3 7.58 Comparative Example 1 444.3 1.20 10.3 8.58 Comparative Example 2 442.1 1.22 10.2 8.36 Comparative Example 3 445.6 1.24 10.4 8.39

[0090] The results of the effects on blood parameters are shown in Table 2.

[0091] Table 2

[0092] Glutathione peroxidase (U / mL) Plasma endotoxin (EU / mL) Diamine oxidase (U / L) Example 1 187.2 0.33 22.9 Example 2 189.6 0.35 22.7 Example 3 184.7 0.32 23.1 Comparative Example 1 130.2 0.64 24.3 Comparative Example 2 131.9 0.62 24.1 Comparative Example 3 127.7 0.67 24.5

[0093] After the experiment, rumen fluid from beef cattle was extracted and enzyme activity was tested. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0094] Table 3

[0095] Pepsin activity (U / mL) α-Amylase activity (U / mL) Hydroxymethyl cellulase activity (U / mL) Example 1 6.47 22.19 295.31 Example 2 6.36 22.32 301.35 Example 3 6.27 22.23 289.67 Comparative Example 1 5.59 18.71 254.32 Comparative Example 2 5.62 19.42 263.66 Comparative Example 3 5.73 21.34 273.56

[0096] It can be seen that the additive prepared using the examples can significantly increase the daily feed intake and daily weight gain of beef cattle, and improve the feed conversion ratio, indicating that the present invention improves feed utilization. At the same time, the high activity of digestive enzymes in the rumen fluid of the present invention indicates that it improves the digestibility of feed for beef cattle, thereby promoting weight gain.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A beef cattle feed additive, characterized in that, Includes the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract, 20-30 parts of mixed Chinese medicine, 20-25 parts of nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, 15-25 parts of citrus flavonoid microcapsules, 5-10 parts of compound probiotics, and 5-10 parts of compound minerals.

2. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the Eucommia ulmoides fermentation extract includes the following steps: The dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves are steamed over boiling water for 3-10 minutes, then mixed with mixed fermentation bacteria, and fermented in a sealed container at 35-40℃ for 10-24 hours. The fermented material is then extracted twice with hydrothermal extract. The extracts are mixed, concentrated, and dried to obtain the fermented Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

3. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixed fermentation bacteria include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 1-3 parts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and 1-3 parts of lactic acid bacteria.

4. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the mixed fermentation bacteria to the dried Eucommia ulmoides leaves is 1:90-100.

5. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The herbal mixture consists of roasted licorice root, scutellaria baicalensis root, dried ginger, and ginkgo leaves in a mass ratio of 2-5:3-5:4-5:3-4.

6. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the nano-encapsulated sustained-release selenium yeast includes the following steps: (1) Dissolve the selenium yeast powder in deionized water and disperse it evenly to form a selenium yeast suspension; (2) Dissolve chitosan powder and sodium alginate in deionized water and stir until homogeneous to obtain a wall material solution; (3) Under high-speed shearing at 10,000 rpm, the selenium yeast suspension was slowly added dropwise to the wall material solution and sheared continuously for 10-20 minutes to form colostrum; (4) The colostrum was added to the calcium chloride solution to generate cross-linked droplets. After stirring for 1-2 hours, the cross-linking was completed. After washing and drying, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast was obtained.

7. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the citrus flavonoid microcapsules includes the following steps: (1) Prepare gelatin solution and gum arabic solution separately, and dissolve them by heating in a water bath; (2) Add citrus flavonoids to the gelatin solution and emulsify by high-speed shearing to obtain an emulsion; (3) Mix the emulsion with the gum arabic solution and stir at 40-50℃ to form a stable composite emulsion; (4) Adjust the pH of the composite emulsion to 4.0-4.5 with acetic acid, stir continuously, cool the system to 5-10℃ and add the crosslinking agent tannic acid, stir at low temperature for 1-2 hours to solidify and crosslink, centrifuge, filter, wash and freeze dry to obtain citrus flavonoid microcapsules.

8. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound probiotics are composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-3 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 1-3 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 2-4 parts of Enterococcus faecalis, 1-4 parts of Lactobacillus acidophilus, 2-5 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum, and 1-5 parts of Lactobacillus reuteri.

9. The beef cattle feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite mineral is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: Calcium bicarbonate 1-3 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, sodium oxide 4-6 parts, betaine 3-5 parts, zinc sulfate 1-2 parts, ferrous chloride 4-6 parts.

10. The method for preparing the beef cattle feed additive according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The fermented extract of Eucommia ulmoides, a mixture of traditional Chinese medicines, nano-encapsulated slow-release selenium yeast, citrus flavonoid microcapsules, compound probiotics, and compound minerals are mixed in proportion and stirred evenly to obtain the beef cattle feed additive.