Bamboo-based flame-retardant degradable foam material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a bamboo-based flame-retardant degradable foam material and a preparation method thereof, the bamboo-based flame-retardant degradable foam material comprises the following raw materials: bamboo powder, polylactic acid PLA, a flame retardant, a coupling agent and a plasticizer according to a ratio of (30-40): (40-50): (5-10): (5-10): (1-5), and the invention relates to the technical field of degradable foam materials. According to the bamboo-based flame-retardant degradable foaming material and the preparation method thereof, bamboo processing residues are crushed and ground to prepare bamboo powder as a matrix, modification and hot-pressing foaming are performed through polylactic acid and ammonium polyphosphate, the novel foaming material with excellent performance is formed, and the whole-chain green upgrading from resource obtaining to product manufacturing is achieved. The material is excellent in performance, has the functions of flame retardance, buffering, heat insulation and biodegradation, is suitable for environment-friendly packaging and green building materials, and effectively replaces traditional petrochemical foam. And bamboo processing residues are fully utilized, so that the additional value is increased, and high-quality development of the bamboo industry in China is assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biodegradable foam materials technology, specifically to a bamboo-based flame-retardant biodegradable foam material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional foamed materials such as polystyrene and polyurethane are widely used in packaging and construction, but they have serious drawbacks: they are derived from petrochemical resources, are difficult to degrade, and cause "white pollution" (plastic pollution); they are flammable and release toxic gases when burned, posing a fire hazard; they may release harmful substances during production and use, threatening health; and they are difficult to recycle and have low utilization rates, making it difficult to achieve circularity. These problems limit their sustainable application in the context of green and low-carbon development.

[0003] Bamboo possesses comprehensive advantages such as rapid growth, abundant resources, high strength, renewability, and environmental degradability, making it an ideal green and sustainable material. Leveraging my country's rich bamboo resources and well-developed industrial system, this invention develops a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material. Using bamboo processing residues as a matrix, bamboo powder is produced through grinding and pulverizing. Modified with polylactic acid and ammonium polyphosphate, and then hot-pressed and foamed, a novel high-performance foam material is formed, achieving a green upgrade across the entire chain from resource acquisition to product manufacturing. This material exhibits excellent performance, possessing flame-retardant, cushioning, heat insulation, and biodegradability functions, making it suitable for environmentally friendly packaging and green building materials, effectively replacing traditional petrochemical foams. Fully utilizing bamboo processing residues not only increases added value but also contributes to the high-quality development of my country's bamboo industry and promotes the achievement of resource recycling goals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material and its preparation method. This invention uses bamboo processing residues as a basis to prepare a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material. All added materials are green and biodegradable, which is in line with the ecological concept of green environmental protection.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material, the raw materials of which include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer, wherein the bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 30-40:40-50:5-10:5-10:1-5.

[0007] Preferably, the bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 35:45:7:7:3.

[0008] Preferably, the bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 30:40:5:5:1.

[0009] Preferably, the bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 40:50:10:10:5.

[0010] Preferably, the flame retardant is one of ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant (APP), nano magnesium hydroxide, or montmorillonite.

[0011] Preferably, the coupling agent is one of maleic anhydride-grafted polylactic acid coupling agent PLA-g-MA, aminosilane coupling agent KH550, or vinylsilane coupling agent.

[0012] Preferably, the plasticizer is one of tributyl citrate plasticizer ATBC, dioctyl adipate plasticizer DOA, or dioctyl sebacate plasticizer DOS.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for preparing a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material, specifically including the following steps: S1. Grinding: First, use a pulverizer to grind the bamboo processing residue into particles. Then, place the pulverized material in an oven and dry it at 60℃ for 6-8 hours to reduce the moisture content. Use a high-speed pulverizer to crush the particles into bamboo powder. Use a 100-mesh sieve to sift out bamboo powder with a mesh size of 100 or higher. S2. Bamboo powder pretreatment: Prepare a low concentration of 2% NaOH solution, wrap the bamboo powder in filter paper, soak it in the solution for 30 minutes to remove some lignin and oil impurities, then open the bamboo powder package, filter the bamboo powder with deionized water until neutral, unfold the filter paper, and place it in an oven at 60℃ for 6-8 hours to dry. S3. Mixing: Add the dried bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer to a high-speed mixer according to the required ratio, and mix for ten minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. S4. Melt extrusion blending: The blend is fed into a twin-screw extruder with three temperature settings of 170℃, 180℃, and 180℃, and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The melt mixture is extruded and then granulated after being cooled with water. S5. Foaming and molding: Add 5% sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as foaming agent. Place the mixture in a mixer and mix it evenly at 180°C. Use a hot press molding machine to heat and foam at 190°C for 2-4 minutes. The material expands into a porous structure by generating bubbles through thermal decomposition. S6. Cooling and Demolding: After foaming and molding, the sample is transferred to a cooling platform and cooled to room temperature for setting. After demolding, the final bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material is obtained.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0015] This invention provides a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material and its preparation method. Compared with existing technologies, it has the following advantages: The raw materials of this bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material and its preparation method include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer. The bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 30-40:40-50:5-10:5-10:1-5. This invention uses bamboo processing residues pulverized and ground to form bamboo powder as the matrix, which is modified with polylactic acid and polyphosphate amine, and then hot-pressed and foamed to form a novel foam material with excellent performance, realizing a green upgrade of the entire chain from resource acquisition to product manufacturing. This material has excellent performance, possessing flame-retardant, cushioning, heat insulation, and biodegradable functions, and is suitable for environmentally friendly packaging and green building materials, effectively replacing traditional petrochemical foam. Fully utilizing bamboo processing residues not only increases added value but also contributes to the high-quality development of my country's bamboo industry and promotes the realization of resource recycling goals. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides four technical solutions: a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material and its preparation method, specifically including the following embodiments: Example 1: A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material, the raw materials of which include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer. The bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 35:45:7:7:3. The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant APP, the coupling agent is maleic anhydride grafted polylactic acid coupling agent PLA-g-MA, and the plasticizer is tributyl citrate plasticizer ATBC.

[0019] This invention also provides a method for preparing a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material, specifically including the following steps: S1. Grinding: First, use a pulverizer to grind the bamboo processing residue into particles. Then, place the pulverized material in an oven and dry it at 60°C for 7 hours to reduce the moisture content. Use a high-speed pulverizer to crush the particles into bamboo powder. Use a 100-mesh sieve to sift out bamboo powder with a mesh size of 100 or higher. S2. Bamboo powder pretreatment: Prepare a low concentration of 2% NaOH solution, wrap the bamboo powder in filter paper, soak it in the solution for 30 minutes to remove some lignin and oil impurities, then open the bamboo powder package, filter the bamboo powder with deionized water until neutral, unfold the filter paper, and place it in an oven at 60℃ for 7 hours to dry. S3. Mixing: Add the dried bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer to a high-speed mixer according to the required ratio, and mix for ten minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. S4. Melt extrusion blending: The blend is fed into a twin-screw extruder with three temperature settings of 170℃, 180℃, and 180℃, and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The melt mixture is extruded and then granulated after being cooled with water. S5. Foaming and molding: Add 5% sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as foaming agent. Place the mixture in a mixer and mix it evenly at 180°C. Use a hot press molding machine to heat and foam at 190°C for 3 minutes. The material expands into a porous structure by generating bubbles through thermal decomposition. S6. Cooling and Demolding: After foaming and molding, the sample is transferred to a cooling platform and cooled to room temperature for setting. After demolding, the final bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material is obtained.

[0020] Example 2: A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material, the raw materials of which include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer. The bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 30:40:5:5:1. The flame retardant is nano magnesium hydroxide, the coupling agent is aminosilane coupling agent KH550, and the plasticizer is dioctyl adipate plasticizer DOA.

[0021] This invention also provides a method for preparing a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material, specifically including the following steps: S1. Grinding: First, use a pulverizer to grind the bamboo processing residue into particles. Then, place the pulverized material in an oven and dry it at 60°C for 6 hours to reduce the moisture content. Use a high-speed pulverizer to crush the particles into bamboo powder. Use a 100-mesh sieve to sift out bamboo powder with a mesh size of 100 or higher. S2. Bamboo powder pretreatment: Prepare a low concentration of 2% NaOH solution, wrap the bamboo powder in filter paper, soak it in the solution for 30 minutes to remove some lignin and oil impurities, then open the bamboo powder package, filter the bamboo powder with deionized water until neutral, unfold the filter paper, and place it in an oven at 60℃ for 6 hours to dry. S3. Mixing: Add the dried bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer to a high-speed mixer according to the required ratio, and mix for ten minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. S4. Melt extrusion blending: The blend is fed into a twin-screw extruder with three temperature settings of 170℃, 180℃, and 180℃, and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The melt mixture is extruded and then granulated after being cooled with water. S5. Foaming and molding: Add 5% sodium bicarbonate and citric acid to the foaming agent. Place the mixture in a mixer and mix it evenly at 180°C. Use a hot press molding machine to heat and foam at 190°C for 2 minutes. The material expands into a porous structure by generating bubbles through thermal decomposition. S6. Cooling and Demolding: After foaming and molding, the sample is transferred to a cooling platform and cooled to room temperature for setting. After demolding, the final bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material is obtained.

[0022] Example 3: A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material, the raw materials of which include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer. The bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 40:50:10:10:5. The flame retardant is montmorillonite, the coupling agent is vinyl silane coupling agent, and the plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate plasticizer DOS.

[0023] This invention also provides a method for preparing a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material, specifically including the following steps: S1. Grinding: First, use a pulverizer to grind the bamboo processing residue into particles. Then, place the pulverized material in an oven and dry it at 60°C for 8 hours to reduce the moisture content. Use a high-speed pulverizer to crush the particles into bamboo powder. Use a 100-mesh sieve to sift out bamboo powder with a mesh size of 100 or higher. S2. Bamboo powder pretreatment: Prepare a low concentration of 2% NaOH solution, wrap the bamboo powder in filter paper, soak it in the solution for 30 minutes to remove some lignin and oil impurities, then open the bamboo powder package, filter the bamboo powder with deionized water until neutral, unfold the filter paper, and place it in an oven at 60℃ for 8 hours to dry. S3. Mixing: Add the dried bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer to a high-speed mixer according to the required ratio, and mix for ten minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. S4. Melt extrusion blending: The blend is fed into a twin-screw extruder with three temperature settings of 170℃, 180℃, and 180℃, and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The melt mixture is extruded and then granulated after being cooled with water. S5. Foaming and molding: Add 5% sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as foaming agent. Place the mixture in a mixer and mix it evenly at 180°C. Use a hot press molding machine to heat and foam at 190°C for 4 minutes. The material expands into a porous structure by generating bubbles through thermal decomposition. S6. Cooling and Demolding: After foaming and molding, the sample is transferred to a cooling platform and cooled to room temperature for setting. After demolding, the final bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material is obtained.

[0024] Example 4: A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foam material, the raw materials of which include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer. The bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 36:46:6:8:2. The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant APP, the coupling agent is maleic anhydride-grafted polylactic acid coupling agent PLA-g-MA, and the plasticizer is tributyl citrate plasticizer ATBC.

[0025] This invention also provides a method for preparing a bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material, specifically including the following steps: S1. Grinding: First, use a pulverizer to grind the bamboo processing residue into particles. Then, place the pulverized material in an oven and dry it at 60°C for 7 hours to reduce the moisture content. Use a high-speed pulverizer to crush the particles into bamboo powder. Use a 100-mesh sieve to sift out bamboo powder with a mesh size of 100 or higher. S2. Bamboo powder pretreatment: Prepare a low concentration of 2% NaOH solution, wrap the bamboo powder in filter paper, soak it in the solution for 30 minutes to remove some lignin and oil impurities, then open the bamboo powder package, filter the bamboo powder with deionized water until neutral, unfold the filter paper, and place it in an oven at 60℃ for 7 hours to dry. S3. Mixing: Add the dried bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer to a high-speed mixer according to the required ratio, and mix for ten minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. S4. Melt extrusion blending: The blend is fed into a twin-screw extruder with three temperature settings of 170℃, 180℃, and 180℃, and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The melt mixture is extruded and then granulated after being cooled with water. S5. Foaming and molding: Add 5% sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as foaming agent. Place the mixture in a mixer and mix it evenly at 180°C. Use a hot press molding machine to heat and foam at 190°C for 3 minutes. The material expands into a porous structure by generating bubbles through thermal decomposition. S6. Cooling and Demolding: After foaming and molding, the sample is transferred to a cooling platform and cooled to room temperature for setting. After demolding, the final bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material is obtained.

[0026] In summary, this invention uses bamboo processing residues, pulverized and ground to form bamboo powder as a matrix, which is then modified with polylactic acid and ammonium polyphosphate, followed by hot-pressing foaming to create a novel foam material with superior performance. This achieves a green upgrade across the entire chain, from resource acquisition to product manufacturing. The material exhibits excellent performance, possessing flame-retardant, cushioning, heat-insulating, and biodegradable properties, making it suitable for environmentally friendly packaging and green building materials, effectively replacing traditional petrochemical foams. Fully utilizing bamboo processing residues not only increases added value but also contributes to the high-quality development of my country's bamboo industry and promotes the achievement of resource recycling goals.

[0027] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0028] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0029] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material, characterized in that: Its raw materials include bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer, wherein the bamboo powder, PLA, flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 30-40:40-50:5-10:5-10:1-5.

2. The bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 35:45:7:7:

3.

3. The bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 30:40:5:5:

1.

4. The bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer are mixed in a ratio of 40:50:10:10:

5.

5. A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The flame retardant is one of the following: ammonium polyphosphate flame retardant (APP), nano magnesium hydroxide, or montmorillonite.

6. A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The coupling agent is one of maleic anhydride-grafted polylactic acid coupling agent PLA-g-MA, aminosilane coupling agent KH550, or vinylsilane coupling agent.

7. A bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The plasticizer is one of the following: tributyl citrate plasticizer ATBC, dioctyl adipate plasticizer DOA, or dioctyl sebacate plasticizer DOS.

8. A method for preparing the bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: Specifically, the following steps are included: S1. Grinding: First, use a pulverizer to grind the bamboo processing residue into particles. Then, place the pulverized material in an oven and dry it at 60℃ for 6-8 hours to reduce the moisture content. Use a high-speed pulverizer to crush the particles into bamboo powder. Use a 100-mesh sieve to sift out bamboo powder with a mesh size of 100 or higher. S2. Bamboo powder pretreatment: Prepare a low concentration of 2% NaOH solution, wrap the bamboo powder in filter paper, soak it in the solution for 30 minutes to remove some lignin and oil impurities, then open the bamboo powder package, filter the bamboo powder with deionized water until neutral, unfold the filter paper, and place it in an oven at 60℃ for 6-8 hours to dry. S3. Mixing: Add the dried bamboo powder, polylactic acid (PLA), flame retardant, coupling agent, and plasticizer to a high-speed mixer according to the required ratio, and mix for ten minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. S4. Melt extrusion blending: The blend is fed into a twin-screw extruder with three temperature settings of 170℃, 180℃, and 180℃, and a screw speed of 50 rpm. The melt mixture is extruded and then granulated after being cooled with water. S5. Foaming and molding: Add 5% sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as foaming agent. Place the mixture in a mixer and mix it evenly at 180°C. Use a hot press molding machine to heat and foam at 190°C for 2-4 minutes. The material expands into a porous structure by generating bubbles through thermal decomposition. S6. Cooling and Demolding: After foaming and molding, the sample is transferred to a cooling platform and cooled to room temperature for setting. After demolding, the final bamboo-based flame-retardant and biodegradable foamed material is obtained.

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