Method and system for characterizing microscopic mechanical properties of material based on geometric mapping of inclined section

Abstract

The invention provides a material microscopic mechanical property characterization method and system based on inclined section geometric mapping, and relates to the technical field of material microscopic property characterization. Comprising the following steps: acquiring a to-be-detected sample of a to-be-detected isotropic material, and preparing an oblique section with an inclination angle theta; presetting a first judgment condition and a second judgment condition; carrying out Vickers hardness test on the oblique section to obtain a test indentation, judging whether the test indentation meets a first judgment condition or not, and if not, reducing the inclination angle theta of the oblique section; respectively carrying out hardness test on the vertical section and the oblique section of the to-be-tested sample at the same depth position to obtain a hardness test difference value, judging whether the test difference value meets a second judgment condition or not, and if not, reducing the inclination angle theta of the oblique section; and acquiring performance gradient data of the isotropic material to be tested by using the oblique section meeting the requirement, so as to realize microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material to be tested. According to the invention, accurate capture of submicron gradient features is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of material microstructure characterization technology, and particularly relates to a method and system for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of materials science and engineering, the characterization of micromechanical properties is crucial for understanding surface strengthening mechanisms and assessing the service life of components. Micromechanical properties specifically refer to the response characteristics of materials to external forces at the micrometer or even submicrometer scale. Key indicators include microhardness, nanoindentation hardness, and elastic modulus. The quantification of these properties relies on precision indentation testing techniques: a specific load is applied to the material surface using a diamond indenter (such as a Vickers pyramid or a Bose cone), and after unloading, the geometric dimensions of the residual indentation (such as diagonal length or contact projected area) are measured, thereby calculating the material's resistance to plastic deformation. The physical essence of this process is that irreversible plastic yielding occurs in localized areas of the material under compressive stress, and the indentation size is inversely proportional to the material's hardness—this principle forms the cornerstone of micromechanical property testing.

[0003] The gradient change in mechanical properties of the material surface is a key characteristic of surface strengthening technology. This gradient originates from the non-uniform penetration and transformation of energy or matter during the treatment process, forming a modified layer with continuously transitioning properties from the surface to the core. Based on the mechanism of action, the main technologies can be divided into three categories: One type is mechanical plastic deformation process, represented by mechanical shot peening, which uses high-speed shot to impact the surface, causing dislocation multiplication and grain refinement, forming a high-hardness layer on the surface and decreasing exponentially inward; similar technologies include rolling and ultrasonic impact.

[0004] The second type is thermochemical treatment processes, such as carburizing, nitriding, and boronizing. Active atoms diffuse into the material to form a concentration gradient, inducing phase transformation strengthening or solid solution strengthening. The hardness gradient often shows a step-like distribution. Laser surface hardening also belongs to this type, and its rapid phase transformation process generates a martensite content gradient.

[0005] Thirdly, there are coating deposition techniques, such as thermal spraying and vapor deposition to prepare thermal barrier coatings or wear-resistant coatings. These techniques form a transition layer between composition and structure in the film-substrate bonding area, resulting in gradual changes in properties such as modulus and hardness. The gradient layer thickness produced by these techniques is usually tens of micrometers, but the core performance abrupt change areas (such as the maximum residual stress depth of the shot peening layer and the white bright layer boundary of the nitriding layer) are often limited to a narrow range of less than 20 μm, which places stringent requirements on the spatial resolution of characterization methods.

[0006] Current industry standards use longitudinal sections perpendicular to the material surface to characterize gradient performance, but this method has inherent flaws that are difficult to overcome. To avoid the superposition of plastic deformation zones between adjacent indentations (international standard ISO 6507 stipulates that the minimum spacing must be greater than 2.5 times the diagonal of the indentation), the actual longitudinal spacing of the measurement points is usually no less than 50 μm. This scale far exceeds the characteristic gradient change scale of most surface strengthening layers (such as the thickness of the critical plastic deformation zone of shot peening layers, which is about 10-30 μm), causing the measurement points to fail to capture the inflection points of performance abrupt changes. The measured data is forced to be smoothed, severely distorting the true gradient distribution.

[0007] Furthermore, the fabrication process of the vertical section itself introduces human interference: the gradient layer suffers mechanical damage during layer-by-layer polishing, and the outermost nanocrystalline or amorphous structure (typical shot peening layer thickness < 5 μm) is easily removed by abrasive cutting; the polishing thermal effect may also induce local tempering softening, distorting the original gradient information. More seriously, limited by the indentation edge effect criterion (the distance from the indentation center to the edge of the section must be > 2.5 times the indentation diagonal), the shallow region within 10 μm of the surface becomes a measurement dead zone where no points can be placed—and this is precisely the starting area for the performance evolution of most surface treatment technologies. When faced with steep gradients (such as the transition zone where the hardness of the laser-hardened layer drops sharply from HV 700 to HV 300, which is only 5 μm wide), a single indentation will span multiple micro-regions with significantly different performance, and its measurement value becomes an invalid average value, completely losing spatial resolution.

[0008] It is evident that the traditional vertical section method, limited by the physical lower limit of indentation size and the standardized constraints of test spacing, is akin to using a coarse net to catch fine fish when characterizing steep gradients at the micrometer level—leaving out all crucial details. Especially for next-generation high-gradient surface technologies such as mechanical shot peening and nanocomposite coatings, existing methods struggle to achieve sub-micrometer precision non-destructive quantitative analysis, becoming a bottleneck restricting high-precision process optimization and lifetime prediction. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a method and system for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping. By utilizing trigonometric relationships, the depth resolution is improved to several times that of traditional methods. The tiny intervals in the depth direction are geometrically magnified into operable spacing on the inclined surface, thereby achieving accurate capture of sub-micron gradient features without violating the indentation spacing standard.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, one or more embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions: The first aspect of this invention provides a method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials based on the geometric mapping of inclined sections.

[0011] A method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials based on inclined cross-section geometry includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the test sample of the isotropic material to be tested, and prepare it with an inclination angle of... i The inclined section; Step 2: Considering the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal, pre-set the first judgment condition; consider the hardness difference between the perpendicular section and the oblique section of the isotropic material to be tested, and pre-set the second judgment condition. Step 3: Perform a Vickers hardness test on the inclined section to obtain the test indentation. Determine whether the test indentation meets the first judgment condition. If not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. i ; Step 4: Perform hardness tests on the sample at the same depth using both vertical and inclined sections. Obtain the hardness difference and determine if the difference meets the second criterion. If not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. i ; Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 above to obtain the required tilt angle. i According to the required inclination angle i Prepare the oblique section; Step 6: Collect performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test using a suitable oblique cross section to achieve microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a material micromechanical property characterization system based on inclined cross-section geometry.

[0013] A material micromechanical property characterization system based on inclined cross-section geometry includes: The initial oblique section preparation module is configured to: acquire the test sample of the isotropic material to be tested, and prepare the sample at an angle of [insert angle here]. i The inclined section; The judgment condition setting module is configured to: consider the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal and pre-set the first judgment condition; consider the hardness difference between the vertical section and the oblique section of the isotropic material to be tested and pre-set the second judgment condition. The first judgment execution module is configured to: perform a Vickers hardness test on the inclined section to obtain a test indentation, determine whether the test indentation meets the first judgment condition, and if not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. i ; The secondary judgment execution module is configured to: perform hardness tests on the sample under test at the same depth position using both vertical and inclined sections, obtain the hardness test difference, and determine whether the test difference meets the second judgment condition. If not, the inclination angle of the inclined section is reduced. i ; The tilt angle determination module is configured to repeat the execution process of the first and second judgment execution modules described above to obtain the tilt angle that meets the requirements. iAccording to the required inclination angle i Prepare the oblique section; The gradient characterization module is configured as follows: Step 6: Use the required oblique cross section to collect the performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test, and realize the microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test. A third aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometry mapping as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0014] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials by inclined cross-section geometry mapping as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0015] The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method and system for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping. It introduces an inclined cross-section geometric mapping mechanism, preparing the test cross-section at a specific angle to the longitudinal section perpendicular to the material. i An inclined plane, through an angle of inclination i The geometric design improves the depth resolution to 1 / cos² of traditional methods. i By leveraging trigonometric relationships, the depth resolution is increased several times compared to traditional methods, and the minute intervals in the depth direction are geometrically amplified into operable spacing on the inclined plane. This allows for the precise capture of sub-micron gradient features without violating indentation spacing standards.

[0016] This invention constructs a dual verification mechanism: First, by analyzing the diagonal morphology of the Vickers indentation on the inclined surface (requiring that the two diagonals are parallel and perpendicular to the surface, respectively), the inclination angle is determined. i Whether it causes significant directional deviation—if most indentations exhibit asymmetrical deformation, the inclination angle needs to be reduced; secondly, compare the hardness values ​​at the same depth near the surface on the vertical section and the inclined surface to ensure that the measurement system has not introduced systematic errors; finally, the optimized inclined section test data are transformed and verified to obtain a high-fidelity hardness-depth distribution curve. This advances gradient characterization from "macro-statistical approximation" to "micro-area precise analysis," providing unprecedented resolution support for the optimization of surface strengthening processes.

[0017] Traditional methods are limited by dead zones ( Z (Millimeters <10 μm cannot be tested) will lose mutation details. This invention addresses this by using tilt angle... i The dead zone restriction was removed, enabling submicron-level resolution.

[0018] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the geometric amplification effect of the actual test depth on the theoretical test depth in Example 1.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the direction and length of the two intersecting diagonals at the test point in Example 1.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a quantitative comparison of the mechanical properties of a material in a longitudinal section and an inclined plane near the surface, as shown in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0025] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0026] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to limit the exemplary implementations of the present invention.

[0027] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0028] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials through geometric mapping of inclined sections. It combines material isotropic screening and dual-threshold verification (indentation diagonal difference <20%, vertical / inclined surface hardness difference <10%) to complete the characterization of the inclined angle. i The choice is made by tilt angle. i (80°≥) i A geometric design with a depth angle of ≥10° improves depth resolution by 1 / cos i The method described in this embodiment is applicable to the analysis of micron / submicron level mechanical property gradients in fields such as surface strengthening layers, thermal barrier coatings, and additive manufacturing gradient materials.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials based on inclined cross-section geometry includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the test sample of the isotropic material to be tested, and prepare it with an inclination angle of... i The inclined section; Step 2: Considering the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal, pre-set the first judgment condition; consider the hardness difference between the perpendicular section and the oblique section of the isotropic material to be tested, and pre-set the second judgment condition. Step 3: Perform a Vickers hardness test on the inclined section to obtain the test indentation. Determine whether the test indentation meets the first judgment condition. If not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. i ; Step 4: Perform hardness tests on the sample at the same depth using both vertical and inclined sections. Obtain the hardness difference and determine if the difference meets the second criterion. If not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. i ; Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 above to obtain the required tilt angle. i According to the required inclination angle i Prepare the oblique section; Step 6: Collect performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test using a suitable oblique cross section to achieve microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test.

[0030] Technical Principle: The microscopic mechanical property gradient changes formed on the material surface by surface strengthening technology are a gradual structural response induced by the non-uniform penetration of energy or matter. Traditional vertical section characterization methods are limited by physical testing rules—to avoid interference between the plastic deformation zones of adjacent indentations, the longitudinal test spacing must be maintained at a large scale. This constraint forces the smoothing of detailed features in key gradient abrupt regions (such as the maximum deformation zone of the shot peening layer or the compound interface of the nitriding layer), making it impossible to reveal the true property distribution patterns.

[0031] To overcome this bottleneck, this embodiment innovatively introduces an inclined section geometric mapping mechanism. This is achieved by preparing the detection section at a specific angle to the longitudinal section perpendicular to the material. i The shallow depth intervals on the inclined plane are geometrically amplified into operable spacing on the inclined plane. The essence of this transformation is to leverage trigonometric relationships to increase depth resolution several times over using traditional methods, thereby achieving precise capture of sub-micron gradient features without violating indentation spacing standards. For example... Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the test point locations on the inclined section are determined through mathematical mapping ( By associating the actual depth coordinates, a bridge is formed between the measured values ​​of the slope and the actual gradient distribution.

[0032] The effectiveness of this method relies heavily on the isotropic properties of the material. Isotropicity refers to the property that the physical, chemical, and other properties of an object do not change with different directions; that is, the performance values ​​of an object are exactly the same in different directions, also known as homogeneity. All gases, liquids (except liquid crystals), and amorphous materials exhibit isotropy.

[0033] Anisotropic materials (such as single-crystal alloys or strongly textured metals) can exhibit distorted indentation response due to differences in crystal orientation, while severe surface treatments (such as high-strain shot peening) may induce a "quasi-anisotropic" effect on the surface. To address this, this invention employs a dual verification mechanism: first, by analyzing the diagonal morphology of the Vickers indentation on the inclined surface (requiring the two diagonals to be parallel and perpendicular to the surface, respectively), the inclination angle is determined. i Does it cause significant directional deviation? – If most indentations exhibit asymmetrical deformation, the inclination angle needs to be reduced (e.g., Figure 4 As shown); secondly, as Figure 5 As shown, by comparing the hardness values ​​at the same depth near the surface on a vertical cross-section and an inclined plane, it is ensured that the measurement system does not introduce systematic errors. Finally, the optimized inclined cross-section test data is transformed and verified to output a high-fidelity hardness-depth distribution curve. This technical approach advances gradient characterization from "macroscopic statistical approximation" to "micro-area precise analysis," providing unprecedented resolution support for the optimization of surface strengthening processes.

[0034] The essence of this technology is through tilt angle. i The geometric design improves the depth resolution to 1 / cos² of traditional methods. i Simultaneously, a material isotropic guarantee mechanism and an indentation morphology verification system are constructed to achieve a leap from "coarse-grained statistics" to "precise micro-area analysis" in gradient characterization.

[0035] This invention uses microhardness testing as a typical application scenario and achieves high-precision characterization of gradient properties through the following systematic steps. The entire process strictly adheres to the dual core principles of geometry optimization and material adaptation to ensure the scientific validity and reliability of the measurement results.

[0036] Step 1: Material isotropic screening.

[0037] This invention first excludes anisotropic materials (such as single-crystal alloys and strongly textured metals) because the differences in mechanical properties due to different crystal orientations would interfere with the accuracy of oblique section mapping. Subsequent testing is only performed on macroscopically isotropic materials (such as uniformly annealed alloys and amorphous coatings) to ensure the theoretical basis of the measurement system is sound.

[0038] This step avoids the contamination of gradient characterization by crystallographic effects from the source.

[0039] Step 2: Inclination i Verification of indentation morphology.

[0040] Considering the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal, a first judgment condition is pre-set, specifically: Multiple test points were set with the Vickers indentation diagonals parallel and perpendicular to the surface of the sample to be tested, respectively. Among all test points, if the test point where one diagonal is longer than another diagonal is below a set percentage, or if the difference in diagonal lengths of any test point is less than a set percentage of the shorter diagonal.

[0041] A preliminary Vickers hardness test is performed on the initially prepared inclined plane, requiring the two diagonals of the indentation to be parallel and perpendicular to the surface, respectively. If the vast majority of test points (≥80% and no fewer than 5 points) exhibit a certain diagonal line (…), then… d 1 or d 2) If the diagonal length of the test point is systematically longer than the other diagonal, or the difference in diagonal length between any two test points is ≥20% of the shorter diagonal, then the current tilt angle is determined. i This triggers an unacceptable "class anisotropy" effect. In this case, it must be reduced. i Continue until the indentation returns to symmetry.

[0042] This verification mechanism ensures that the indentation response is not affected by tilt geometry.

[0043] Step 3: Near-surface reference value comparison.

[0044] Considering the hardness difference between the perpendicular and oblique sections of the isotropic material to be tested, a second judgment condition is pre-set, specifically: At the same depth from the outermost layer of the sample to be tested, hardness tests were carried out simultaneously on vertical and oblique sections. The difference between the average hardness of the two sections was less than the set threshold.

[0045] At the same depth position of the outermost layer of the material (e.g.) Z At =5 μm), the vertical section was simultaneously carried out ( i =0°) and inclined section ( i Hardness testing was conducted after optimization. If the average hardness difference between the two cross-sections is >10%, it indicates that the systematic error introduced by the tilt exceeds the acceptable range and needs to be further reduced. i Continue until the vertical / sloping plane measurements become nearly identical.

[0046] This step ensures the reliability of the gradient mapping baseline.

[0047] Step 4: High-resolution acquisition of gradient data.

[0048] The above verification confirms its applicability. iThen, a series of test points are laid out on the inclined plane at standard intervals (such as ISO 6507). The inclined plane geometry design incorporates minute depth intervals Δ Z Enlarged to the operable spacing Δ L (Δ) L =Δ Z / cos i This allows for test density that traditional methods cannot achieve. For example... i When the angle is 80°, a 50 μm slope spacing corresponds to an actual depth resolution of ≈8.7 μm.

[0049] Step 5: Coordinate mapping and depth reconstruction.

[0050] The measured position coordinates d' on the inclined plane are converted into true depth coordinates using triangulation:

[0051] This step establishes a precise correspondence between the inclined plane measurement system and the actual gradient coordinates, eliminating coordinate distortion introduced by geometric tilt.

[0052] Step 6: Generating the gradient distribution curve.

[0053] Transformed depth coordinates d Correlate the hardness values ​​to the corresponding hardness values ​​and plot high-fidelity hardness-depth distribution curves.

[0054] This curve breaks through the physical limitations of traditional methods and clearly presents the performance evolution law of the surface strengthening layer at the submicron scale (such as the dislocation density peak of the shot peening layer, the boundary of the compound region of the nitriding layer, etc.).

[0055] The accompanying drawings of this embodiment will now be explained.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of mapping the distribution of micromechanical properties of a longitudinal section using micromechanical property data from an oblique plane in this embodiment. Figure 2 In the longitudinal section, the interval between adjacent test points is expressed as the true depth. d The corresponding inclined plane measurement position d ′, .

[0057] Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the geometric amplification effect of the actual test depth on the theoretical test depth in the method described in this embodiment. The small spacing between adjacent test points at different depths in the longitudinal section affects test accuracy; the geometric amplification of the spacing between adjacent test points at the corresponding oblique plane mapping depth further eliminates the mutual influence between adjacent test points.

[0058] Figure 4This diagram illustrates the direction and length of the two intersecting diagonals of the test point in this embodiment. This embodiment requires that the two diagonals of the test point be parallel and perpendicular to the surface-treated plane, respectively, and that the difference in length between the two diagonals be small.

[0059] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates a quantitative comparison of the mechanical properties of a longitudinal section and an inclined plane near the surface of a material, implemented using the method described in this embodiment. The present invention requires that the difference in hardness values ​​at test points under different conditions not be too large, in order to eliminate the influence of "quasi-anisotropic" properties.

[0060] The following provides a specific application of the method described in this embodiment in characterizing the microhardness gradient of the surface strengthening layer of mechanically shot-peened alloy steel.

[0061] Mechanical shot peening is a typical mechanical plastic deformation-based surface strengthening process. It involves applying high-speed shot impacts to the surface of alloy steel (e.g., AISI 4340, initial hardness HV 300) to form a dislocation density gradient layer. Theoretically, the key performance abrupt change regions (such as the maximum residual stress depth) of this gradient layer are concentrated in the 10-20 μm range. However, traditional vertical section methods cannot resolve submicron-level details due to test spacing limitations (≥50 μm). This embodiment employs a slanted plane geometric mapping mechanism to… i =80° tilt angle optimizes test resolution, achieving high-precision hardness gradient distribution quantization.

[0062] 1. Material isotropic screening First, verify that the material satisfies the isotropic premise. The target material is uniformly annealed AISI 4340 alloy steel (macroscopically isotropic), and X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the absence of significant texture or crystal orientation preference. This step eliminates anisotropic interference and lays the foundation for subsequent oblique section testing. If the material exhibits strong texture (such as cold-rolled steel), this method must be discontinued.

[0063] 2. Inclination angle i Indentation morphology verification A preliminary Vickers hardness test (load: 0.5 kgf) was performed on an initially prepared 80° inclined plane. The indentation diagonals were required to be parallel and perpendicular to the surface, respectively (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, to detect the "quasi-anisotropic" effect. In the pre-test, indentations were placed at 5 locations, and the results showed: The difference in diagonal length of all indentations is less than 10% of the shorter diagonal (e.g., d 1 = 20.5 μm, d 2 = 22.0 μm, difference 7.3%, which meets the requirements (length difference < 20%).

[0064] The absence of systematic directional deviation indicates i=80° did not introduce significant geometric interference. If asymmetrical deformation occurs (e.g., diagonal difference ≥20%), then it needs to be reduced. i Up to 70° or lower.

[0065] 3. Near-surface reference value comparison In the outermost layer of the material Z At a depth of 5 μm, a vertical cross-section was simultaneously performed. i =0°) and inclined section ( i Hardness test at 80° (5 points each). Result comparison: Average hardness of vertical section: HV 620 ± 15; Average hardness of the oblique section: HV 605 ± 20; The absolute value of the difference is 2.4% < 10%, which meets the threshold (difference ≤ 10%).

[0066] This step confirms that the inclined section does not introduce systematic errors, ensuring the reliability of the gradient mapping. If the difference is >10%, further optimization is required. i .

[0067] 4. High-resolution acquisition of gradient data On an 80° inclined plane, test points are arranged according to ISO 6507 standard (spacing Δ). L =50 μm). Utilizing the geometric magnification effect of the inclined plane, the actual depth resolution is improved to: Δ Z =Δ L •cos i =50 μm•cos80°≈8.7 μm Compared to traditional methods (minimum spacing 50 μm), the resolution is improved by approximately 5.7 times. The acquisition range covers the surface to a depth of 100 μm, with a total of 12 test points, avoiding the superposition of plastic deformation zones.

[0068] 5. Coordinate Mapping and Depth Reconstruction Measurement position of the inclined plane Convert to true depth d :

[0069] For example, the position of the inclined plane d =50 μm corresponds to the actual depth d ≈8.7 μm. This step eliminates geometric tilt distortion and establishes an accurate depth coordinate system (e.g., Figure 2 (As shown).

[0070] 6. Generation of gradient distribution curves Based on the mapped depth coordinates dPlot the hardness-depth distribution curve using the corresponding hardness values. The curve is clearly displayed. From the surface to a depth of 10 μm: the hardness drops sharply from HV 650 to HV 450, corresponding to the peak region of dislocation density.

[0071] 10-30 μm depth: Hardness smoothly transitions to HV 350, revealing the gradient decay law.

[0072] Traditional methods are limited by dead zones ( Z (If the size is <10 μm, it cannot be tested) This mutation detail will be lost, but this method achieves submicron level resolution.

[0073] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a material micromechanical property characterization system based on inclined cross-section geometry mapping.

[0074] A material micromechanical property characterization system based on inclined cross-section geometry includes: The initial oblique section preparation module is configured to: acquire the test sample of the isotropic material to be tested, and prepare the sample at an angle of [insert angle here]. i The inclined section; The judgment condition setting module is configured to: consider the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal and pre-set the first judgment condition; consider the hardness difference between the vertical section and the oblique section of the isotropic material to be tested and pre-set the second judgment condition. The first judgment execution module is configured to: perform a Vickers hardness test on the inclined section to obtain a test indentation, determine whether the test indentation meets the first judgment condition, and if not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. i ; The secondary judgment execution module is configured to: perform hardness tests on the sample under test at the same depth position using both vertical and inclined sections, obtain the hardness test difference, and determine whether the test difference meets the second judgment condition. If not, the inclination angle of the inclined section is reduced. i ; The tilt angle determination module is configured to repeat the execution process of the first and second judgment execution modules described above to obtain the tilt angle that meets the requirements. i According to the required inclination angle i Prepare the oblique section; The gradient characterization module is configured as follows: Step 6: Use the required oblique cross section to collect the performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test, and realize the microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test. Example 3 The purpose of this embodiment is to provide a computer-readable storage medium.

[0075] A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the material micromechanical property characterization method based on inclined section geometry mapping as described in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.

[0076] Example 4 The purpose of this embodiment is to provide an electronic device.

[0077] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the material micromechanical property characterization method based on the inclined cross-section geometry mapping as described in Embodiment 1 of this disclosure.

[0078] The steps and methods involved in the apparatuses of Embodiments 2, 3, and 4 above correspond to those in Embodiment 1. For specific implementation details, please refer to the relevant description section of Embodiment 1. The term "computer-readable storage medium" should be understood as a single medium or multiple media including one or more instruction sets; it should also be understood as including any medium capable of storing, encoding, or carrying an instruction set for execution by a processor and enabling the processor to perform any of the methods in this invention.

[0079] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented using general-purpose computer devices. Optionally, they can be implemented using computer-executable program code, thereby allowing them to be stored in a storage device for execution by a computer device, or they can be fabricated as separate integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps can be fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. The present invention is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

[0080] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, this is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials based on inclined cross-section geometric mapping, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the test sample of the isotropic material to be tested, and prepare it with an inclination angle of... θ The inclined section; Step 2: Considering the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal, pre-set the first judgment condition; consider the hardness difference between the perpendicular section and the oblique section of the isotropic material to be tested, and pre-set the second judgment condition. Step 3: Perform a Vickers hardness test on the inclined section to obtain the test indentation. Determine whether the test indentation meets the first judgment condition. If not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. θ ; Step 4: Perform hardness tests on the sample at the same depth using both vertical and inclined sections. Obtain the hardness difference and determine if the difference meets the second criterion. If not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. θ ; Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and 4 above to obtain the required tilt angle. θ According to the required inclination angle θ Prepare the oblique section; Step 6: Collect performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test using a suitable oblique cross section to achieve microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test.

2. The method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the inclined section is θ The angle between the test sample and the vertical section of the isotropic material to be tested.

3. The method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes judging the isotropy of materials, excluding anisotropic materials, and screening out isotropic materials to be tested.

4. The method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first judgment condition is as follows: Multiple test points were set with the Vickers indentation diagonals parallel and perpendicular to the surface of the sample to be tested, respectively. Among all test points, if the number of test points where one diagonal is longer than another diagonal is less than a set percentage, or if the difference in diagonal lengths of any test point is less than a set percentage of the shorter diagonal; The second judgment condition is as follows: At the same depth from the outermost layer of the sample to be tested, hardness tests were carried out simultaneously on vertical and oblique sections. The difference between the average hardness of the two sections was less than the set threshold.

5. The method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test is collected using a suitable inclined section, specifically as follows: Multiple test points are set up on the inclined section that meets the requirements; The inclined plane geometry design will increase the vertical depth interval Δ Z Enlarged to the operable spacing Δ on the inclined section L , where Δ L =Δ Z / cos θ .

6. The method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After acquiring the performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test, the process also includes coordinate mapping, which maps the measured position coordinates on the inclined section. Convert to true depth coordinates d using triangulation: 。 7. The method for characterizing the micromechanical properties of materials using inclined cross-section geometric mapping as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes associating the true depth coordinates with the corresponding performance values ​​after coordinate mapping, plotting the performance-depth distribution curve, and realizing the microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test.

8. A material micromechanical property characterization system based on inclined cross-section geometric mapping, characterized in that, include: The initial oblique section preparation module is configured to: acquire the test sample of the isotropic material to be tested, and prepare the sample at an angle of [insert angle here]. θ The inclined section; The judgment condition setting module is configured to: consider the symmetry of the Vickers indentation diagonal and pre-set the first judgment condition; consider the hardness difference between the vertical section and the oblique section of the isotropic material to be tested and pre-set the second judgment condition. The first judgment execution module is configured to: perform a Vickers hardness test on the inclined section to obtain a test indentation, determine whether the test indentation meets the first judgment condition, and if not, reduce the inclination angle of the inclined section. θ ; The secondary judgment execution module is configured to: perform hardness tests on the sample under test at the same depth position using both vertical and inclined sections, obtain the hardness test difference, and determine whether the test difference meets the second judgment condition. If not, the inclination angle of the inclined section is reduced. θ ; The tilt angle determination module is configured to repeat the execution process of the first and second judgment execution modules described above to obtain the tilt angle that meets the requirements. θ According to the required inclination angle θ Prepare the oblique section; The gradient characterization module is configured as follows: Step 6: Use the required oblique cross section to collect the performance gradient data of the isotropic material under test, and realize the microscopic performance gradient characterization of the isotropic material under test.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by a processor, the program implements the steps in the material micromechanical property characterization method based on the inclined section geometry mapping as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps in the material micromechanical property characterization method according to any one of claims 1-7.

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