Patella hook lock fixing system

Abstract

The invention discloses a patella hook lock fixing system which is mainly applied to the technical field of medical instruments and comprises a screw, an upper hook body and a lower hook body, the upper hook body is J-shaped, two bent hooks A are arranged at the tail end of the upper hook body and distributed on the two sides of the linear section of the upper hook body, the two sides of the tail end of the linear section of the upper hook body extend outwards to form fixing wings, threaded holes are formed in the middles of the fixing wings, and the screw is screwed into the threaded holes; the lower hook body is J-shaped, the tail end of the lower hook body is provided with three hooks B, two of the hooks B are distributed on two sides of the linear section of the lower hook body, the tail end of the linear section of the lower hook body is provided with a threaded hole, a screw is screwed into the threaded hole, and the top of the linear section of the lower hook body is provided with a waist-shaped hole; an anti-loosening device is arranged at the joint of the bottom surface of the lower hook body and the top surface of the upper hook body. The patella hook lock fixing system is convenient to use and low in operation difficulty, the operation difficulty is remarkably reduced, the pain of a patient is relieved, the operation quality is improved, the patella fracture end is stable and good after healing, the patient can enter rehabilitation exercise as soon as possible, and the movement function of the affected limb is repaired.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a patella hook and lock fixing system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The patella, commonly known as the knee bone, is a sesamoid bone formed by the quadriceps tendon, and is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. It is flat and oval, located subcutaneously, and is easy to touch. The bone is wide at the bottom and pointed downward, with a rough front and a smooth back. It can move up, down, left and right, and plays a protective role for the knee joint. The smooth back of the patella is covered with cartilage and connects with the patellar surface of the femur, and the front is rough with the quadriceps tendon passing through.

[0003] I. Auxiliary structure and function of the patella 1. The patella is related to the femur and participates in the composition of the knee joint. It concentrates the traction force of the quadriceps muscle in all directions, and then stops at the tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament, effectively completing the knee extension action of the quadriceps muscle.

[0004] 2. The main functions of the patella are: transmitting and enhancing the action of the quadriceps muscle; assisting in maintaining the stability of the knee joint, protecting the knee joint, and playing the role of a pulley during knee extension.

[0005] 3. The biological characteristics of the patella are: the middle structure of the patella knee extension device can transmit the tension generated by the quadriceps muscle to the patellar tendon; the patella increases the lever arm of the knee joint flexion and extension axis point, making the moment of the quadriceps muscle increase. The patella is superficial in position, and direct impact of external force can cause comminuted fracture; indirect violence can cause transverse fracture. When the patella is fractured, the fracture end is prone to displacement due to the traction of the quadriceps muscle.

[0006] II. Treatment plan for patella fracture 1. Patella fracture is a common type of fracture in clinical practice, with a high incidence of about 10% of all fractures. It is usually caused by direct violence, indirect violence and mixed violence. After the fracture, the knee extension activity is significantly affected, because the patella can increase the strength of the quadriceps muscle by about 30% through the lever action. There are many methods for treating patella fracture, mainly divided into conservative and surgical treatment. Regardless of the treatment method, after the patella fracture, the joint surface should be as smooth as possible, because the patella and the front of the medial and lateral condyles of the femur form the patellofemoral joint, which can reduce the occurrence of traumatic patellofemoral arthritis and prevent knee flexion contracture. However, various methods have certain disadvantages, and improper handling can cause nonunion, arthritis adhesion, traumatic arthritis, bone infection and other complications. Therefore, in the treatment process of patella fracture, the professional skills and clinical experience of the surgeon should be combined with the subjective wishes of the patient, and only in this way can the best treatment plan for patella fracture be formulated.

[0007] 2. Non-surgical treatment: Applicable to type I patellar fractures. This type of fracture, due to lack of displacement or minimal displacement, with patellar articular surface displacement <2mm, or although there is displacement, the fracture is located at the lower pole of the patella and does not involve the articular surface, may not necessarily develop into traumatic arthritis after early functional exercises. However, long-term plaster cast immobilization can easily cause skin damage due to pressure and stiffness in the knee joint, leading to a significant decrease in joint flexion and extension range of motion and loss of knee joint function in the later stages.

[0008] 3. Surgical treatment: Applicable to type II and type III patellar fractures. These two types of fractures affect the articular surface of the patella, posing a significant risk of post-traumatic arthritis later in life. Surgical treatment is significantly more effective than conservative treatment.

[0009] Existing surgical methods include: 1. Internal fixation with wire or titanium cable cerclage (disadvantage: unable to stabilize the joint surface); 2. Internal fixation with tension bands (disadvantage: Kirschner wires can easily irritate or puncture the skin); 3. Internal fixation with nickel-titanium patellar concentrators (disadvantage: prone to dislodgement, unstable); 4. Cable-Pin internal fixation system (disadvantage: pin tails can easily irritate soft tissues, causing pain); 5. Patellar reduction and fixation device (disadvantage: prone to dislodgement, unstable); 6. External fixation of the patella (disadvantage: irritates the skin, inconvenient for daily life). All of these surgical approaches have some drawbacks and cannot meet clinical needs. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This invention proposes a patellar hook-locking fixation system to solve the problems of poor stability, long recovery time, and poor prognosis in existing surgical treatments for patellar fractures.

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a patellar hook-locking fixation system, comprising a screw, an upper hook body, and a lower hook body. The upper hook body is J-shaped with two hooks A at its ends, distributed on both sides of a straight section of the upper hook body. The ends of the straight section of the upper hook body extend outward to form fixing wings. The fixing wings have threaded holes in the middle, and screws are screwed into the threaded holes. The lower hook body is J-shaped with three hooks B at its ends, two of which are distributed on both sides of a straight section of the lower hook body. The ends of the straight section of the lower hook body have threaded holes, and screws are screwed into the threaded holes. The top of the straight section of the lower hook body has a waist-shaped hole. An anti-loosening device is provided at the contact point between the bottom surface of the lower hook body and the top surface of the upper hook body. The upper hook body has several screw holes at the contact point, and bolts are screwed into the screw holes.

[0012] Preferably, the straight section of the upper hook and the edge of the fixed wing have oblique through holes.

[0013] Preferably, the straight section of the upper hook has a horizontal through hole A at its end.

[0014] Preferably, the lower hook body has a horizontal through hole B at the end of the straight section.

[0015] Preferably, the anti-loosening device is a mutually meshing barb sawtooth.

[0016] Preferably, the upper hook body and the lower hook body are made of any one of medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy and inert bioceramics.

[0017] The principle of the present application: the present application can solve the problems of stability of the fractured end of the patella and flatness of the articular surface, and the patient can perform rehabilitation training as early as possible after the surgery of the present application. The present application is composed of an upper hook body and a lower hook body. During the surgery, the upper hook body is implanted first, and then the lower hook body is implanted. Finally, the upper hook body and the lower hook body are combined, pressed and locked. The specific operation is as follows: first, a Kirschner wire is drilled at a 45-degree angle in the tendon-bone junction area of the upper end of the patella using a positioning guide, then a double-hole guide is sleeved on the Kirschner wire, two holes are drilled on the upper inclined surface of the patella respectively (for anchoring the hook tip end of the upper hook body), then the guide is taken out, the guide hole of the upper hook body is sleeved on the Kirschner wire, and the upper hook body is implanted downward until the hook and the tip end of the upper hook body are embedded in the two previously drilled bone holes, so that the bottom of the patella is anchored and attached to the upper hook body, the fractured end and the articular surface are reset, and then the lower hook body (the lower bent hook B is to be fixed on the lower tip end of the patella) is implanted in the longitudinal opening on the patellar tendon. Then, the upper hook body and the lower hook body are partially combined, a bolt is screwed into the waist-shaped hole first, the upper hook body and the lower hook body are pressed, the barb sawtooth at the attachment of the upper hook body and the lower hook body is tightly combined, and then a second bolt is screwed in while locking the first bolt. Alternatively, a third bolt can be screwed in to ensure that the upper hook body and the lower hook body are reliably and firmly connected. The articular surface is checked again from the side to check the reduction of the articular surface. Then, two locking screws are used to fix the holes in the locking hole of the outwardly extending fixing wing of the upper hook body, so that the fractured bone block at the bottom of the patella is fixed and attached to the upper hook body. Then, a locking screw is used to fix the hole in the locking hole at the tip end of the lower hook body, so that the lower hook body is attached and locked to the lower end of the fractured patella. Then, it is checked whether the fracture is stable. If not, high-strength sutures or steel wire loops can be passed through the horizontal through holes A and B of the upper hook body and the lower hook body for further fixation. Alternatively, high-strength sutures can be used to suture soft tissues or small bone blocks to the upper hook body to strengthen the fixation effect. Through the above technical solutions, the clinical surgical requirements can be met, the patient can perform rehabilitation exercise as early as possible, and the quality of prognosis can be improved. Early functional exercise after surgery is extremely important whether it is conservative treatment or surgical internal fixation, not only can prevent the disuse atrophy of the quadriceps femoris muscle, but also can reduce the occurrence of common complications such as postoperative joint stiffness and traumatic arthritis. In summary, on the basis of ensuring joint function, reasonable surgical methods and early and reasonable functional exercise after surgery can maximize the rehabilitation of the affected limb function.

[0018] The patella hook lock fixing system has the advantages that the use is convenient, the operation difficulty is low, the operation difficulty is reduced, the patient's pain is reduced, the operation quality is improved, the patella fracture end is stable, the postoperative recovery is good, the patient can enter the rehabilitation exercise as soon as possible, and the limb movement function is repaired. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present application; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the present application; In the figure, 100 is an upper hook body, 101 is a bent hook A, 102 is a fixed wing, 103 is an inclined through hole, 104 is a horizontal through hole A, 200 is a lower hook body, 201 is a bent hook B, 202 is a waist-shaped hole, 203 is a horizontal through hole B, and 301 is a screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The detailed embodiment of the present application is as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 A patella hook lock fixing system comprises a screw 301, an upper hook body 100 and a lower hook body 200. The upper hook body 100 is in the shape of J, and two bent hooks A 101 are distributed on both sides of the linear section of the upper hook body 100. The fixed wing 102 is formed by extending outward from both sides of the linear section of the upper hook body 100. The middle part of the fixed wing 102 has a threaded hole, and the locking screw 301 is screwed into the threaded hole. The lower hook body 200 is also in the shape of J, and three bent hooks B 201 are distributed on the linear section of the lower hook body 200. The linear section of the lower hook body 200 has a threaded hole at the end, and the locking screw 301 is screwed into the threaded hole. The top of the linear section of the lower hook body 200 has a waist-shaped hole 202. The bottom surface of the lower hook body 200 and the top surface of the upper hook body 100 are provided with a locking device at the joint. The upper hook body 100 has a plurality of screw holes at the joint, and the bolts are screwed into the screw holes. In this embodiment, the upper hook body 100 is fixed on the upper middle part of the patella, and the bent hook B 201 of the lower hook body 200 is fixed on the lower tip of the patella. The bent hook A 101 and the bent hook B 201 can solve the tension problem of the patella, the locking part can solve the stability of the internal fixation, ensure the stability of the fixed fracture, restore the flatness of the joint surface, and improve the postoperative recovery quality.

[0021] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The linear section of the upper hook body 100 and the edge of the fixed wing 102 have an inclined through hole 103. In this embodiment, the inclined through hole 103 can pass through a high-strength suture or a steel wire, and can fix the crushed fracture fragments, so as to ensure the stability of the fixed fracture and restore the flatness of the joint surface.

[0022] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 The upper hook body 100 has a horizontal through hole A104 at the end of the straight section. In this embodiment, the horizontal through hole A104 can be penetrated by a high-strength suture or a steel wire, which can fix the crushed fracture fragments, ensure the stability of the fixed fracture, and restore the flatness of the articular surface.

[0023] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The lower hook body 200 has a horizontal through hole B203 at the end of the straight section. In this embodiment, the horizontal through hole B203 can be penetrated by a high-strength suture or a steel wire, which can fix the crushed fracture fragments, ensure the stability of the fixed fracture, and restore the flatness of the articular surface.

[0024] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 The anti-loosening device is a mutually meshing barbed sawtooth. In this embodiment, the mutually meshing barbed sawtooth is used as the anti-loosening device, which has a compact structure and good anti-loosening effect.

[0025] Specifically, the upper hook body 100 and the lower hook body 200 are made of any one of medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, and inert bioceramics. In this embodiment, the upper hook body 100 and the lower hook body 200 are made of medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, and inert bioceramics, which have high structural strength, good biocompatibility, are less likely to cause allergic reactions, and are safe and reliable.

[0026] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present application have been shown and described. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A patellar hook-locking fixation system, comprising screws (301), characterized in that: It also includes an upper hook (100) and a lower hook (200). The upper hook (100) is "J" shaped with two hooks A (101) at the end, distributed on both sides of the straight section of the upper hook (100). The ends of the straight section of the upper hook (100) extend outward to form fixed wings (102). The fixed wings (102) have a threaded hole in the middle, and a screw (301) is screwed into the threaded hole. The lower hook (200) is "J" shaped with three hooks A (101) at the end. Two hooks B (201) are distributed on both sides of the straight section of the lower hook body (200). The end of the straight section of the lower hook body (200) has a threaded hole, and a screw (301) is screwed into the threaded hole. The top of the straight section of the lower hook body (200) has a waist-shaped hole (202). The bottom surface of the lower hook body (200) and the top surface of the upper hook body (100) have an anti-loosening device at the contact point. The upper hook body (100) has several screw holes at the contact point, and bolts are screwed into the screw holes.

2. The patellar hook-locking fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper hook (100) has oblique through holes (103) at the end of the straight section and at the edge of the fixed wing (102).

3. The patellar hook-locking fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper hook (100) has a horizontal through hole A (104) at the end of the straight section.

4. The patellar hook-locking fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower hook (200) has a horizontal through hole B (203) at the end of the straight section.

5. The patellar hook-locking fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-loosening device consists of interlocking barbed saw teeth.

6. The patellar hook-locking fixation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper hook (100) and lower hook (200) are made of any one of medical stainless steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, or inert bioceramics.

Images