Granular fire extinguishing material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a granular fire extinguishing material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing materials. The granular fire extinguishing material comprises glass beads with the diameter of 1-5 mm, glass bead fine powder with the diameter smaller than 1 mm, cement, water and a waterproof agent. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, uniformly stirring the glass beads, the cement and the water; then adding the waterproof agent and uniformly stirring again; secondly, uniformly mixing by using a roller granulator, and putting the glass bead fine powder in batches; finally, the mixture is rolled into particles of 2-6 mm, the processing technology is simple, and the production cost is low. Wherein the glass beads are light materials, and the strength of the fire extinguishing material can be improved after the glass beads are mixed with the cement; and a certain amount of glass bead fine powder is doped, so that the weight of the fire extinguishing material is lighter. And after being used, the composite material can be repeatedly recycled without influencing the environment, so that the composite material is more environment-friendly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing materials, and particularly relates to a granular fire extinguishing material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fire is a combustion phenomenon characterized by the release of heat and accompanied by smoke or flame or both, and its energy is released in the form of light and heat. Fire must have three coexisting conditions: combustible material, high enough heat or temperature, and oxidizer. A fire or fire disaster refers to a combustion that is out of control in time or space or the disaster caused thereby. Fire is one of the main disasters that most frequently and most generally threaten public safety and social development.

[0003] According to the type and combustion characteristics of the combustible material, fire includes six different categories, specifically:

[0004] Class A fire: solid material fire (such material usually has organic properties and generally produces hot embers when burning); Class B fire: liquid or meltable solid material fire; Class C fire: gas fire; Class D fire: metal fire; Class E fire: electrically charged fire (fire caused by burning of an object with electric charge); Class F fire: cooking appliance inside cooking material (such as animal and plant oil) fire.

[0005] Fire extinguishing is an activity and process of extinguishing or suppressing a fire, and a fire extinguishing agent or material is usually used in fire extinguishing. The fire extinguishing agent or material refers to a substance that can effectively destroy the combustion condition and terminate the combustion. Existing fire extinguishing agents mainly include water-based fire extinguishing agents, dry powder fire extinguishing agents, foam fire extinguishing agents, and gas fire extinguishing agents. Among them, the water-based fire extinguishing agent takes water as the main component, and the water-based fire extinguishing agent plays a role in enhancing fire extinguishing by adding some chemical reagents to the water or by changing the physical properties of the water; the dry powder fire extinguishing agent is a fine particle prepared by grinding a mixture of a fire extinguishing base material and an appropriate amount of lubricant and moisture-proof agent, and carbon dioxide is commonly used as the injection power. The fire extinguishing component in the dry powder fire extinguishing agent can absorb free radicals in the combustion reaction and inhibit the chain reaction of combustion; the foam fire extinguishing agent is miscible with water and generates foam for fire extinguishing through mechanical action or chemical reaction; the gas fire extinguishing agent is generally a mixture of inert gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen and halogenated alkane substances such as heptafluoropropane and hexafluoropropane. When extinguishing a fire, the gas fire extinguishing agent quickly fills the fire space, effectively reducing the oxygen concentration in the space, thereby achieving the effect of extinguishing the fire. In addition, there are some new types of fire extinguishing materials, such as water-absorbing resin, hydrogel (such as acrylic acid particles), etc.

[0006] However, the water-absorbing resin fire extinguishing material needs to be mixed with water when used, and the opportunity for extinguishing the fire is often delayed. The preparation process of the acrylic acid particles is generally complex and the cost is high. Moreover, the above-mentioned fire extinguishing agents or materials cannot be reused. SUMMARY

[0007] 1. Problems to be solved

[0008] The present application is directed to one of the problems of the prior art that the fire extinguishing material cannot be reused, needs to be handled before use (such as mixed with water), causes delay in fire extinguishing opportunity, and has complex preparation and high preparation cost, and provides a granular fire extinguishing material and a preparation method and application thereof. The granular fire extinguishing material comprises vitrified microbeads, vitrified microbead fine powder, cement, water and waterproof agent, has the advantages of light weight, fast fire extinguishing speed, environmental protection and reusability, and has simple processing technology and low production cost.

[0009] 2. Technical solutions

[0010] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solutions adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0011] The present application provides a granular fire extinguishing material, the particle size of the granular fire extinguishing material is 2-6 mm, and the granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight parts:

[0012] Vitrified microbeads (diameter 1-5 mm), 18-25 parts, the vitrified microbead is an inorganic glassy mineral material, has certain particle strength due to surface vitrification, has very stable physical and chemical properties, strong aging resistance and weather resistance, and excellent heat insulation and fireproof performance; meanwhile, the vitrified microbead can improve the fluidity of the granular fire extinguishing material, increase the self-strength of the fire extinguishing material after mixing with cement, reduce the shrinkage rate of the material, improve the comprehensive performance of the material, and reduce the comprehensive production cost;

[0013] Vitrified microbead fine powder (diameter <1 mm), 5-12 parts, the vitrified microbead is a lightweight material, and a certain amount of vitrified microbead fine powder is added, so that the weight of the fire extinguishing material is lighter;

[0014] Cement, 28-35 parts, the cement is a powdery hydraulic inorganic cementing material, forms a slurry after stirring with water, can harden in the air or in water, and can firmly cement other materials together;

[0015] Water, 35-40 parts;

[0016] Waterproof agent, 0.2-0.5 parts, to strengthen the coagulation of the granular material.

[0017] Further, in the above granular fire extinguishing material, the vitrified microbead fine powder (diameter <1 mm) is 8.5-11.6 parts.

[0018] Further, in the above granular fire extinguishing material, the waterproof agent is 0.3-0.5 parts.

[0019] Further, the above granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight parts:

[0020] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 18 parts;

[0021] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter <1mm), 8.5 parts;

[0022] Cement, 35 parts;

[0023] Water, 38 portions;

[0024] Waterproofing agent, 0.5 parts.

[0025] Furthermore, the aforementioned granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0026] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 20 parts;

[0027] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter <1mm), 10.5 parts;

[0028] Cement, 30 parts;

[0029] Water, 39.2 parts;

[0030] Waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts.

[0031] Furthermore, the aforementioned granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0032] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 22 parts;

[0033] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter <1mm), 10.5 parts;

[0034] Cement, 28 parts;

[0035] Water, 39.2 parts;

[0036] Waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts.

[0037] Furthermore, the aforementioned granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0038] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 25 parts;

[0039] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter < 1 mm), 11.6 parts;

[0040] Cement, 28 parts;

[0041] Water, 35 parts;

[0042] Waterproofing agent, 0.4 parts.

[0043] Furthermore, the aforementioned cement includes: black cement, or white cement, or a combination of white cement and black cement.

[0044] Furthermore, the aforementioned waterproofing agent includes one or more of the following: organic solvent-based waterproofing agent, silicone-based waterproofing agent, water-based waterproofing agent, polyurethane acid waterproofing agent, and hardener-based waterproofing agent.

[0045] This application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned granular fire extinguishing material, including the following steps:

[0046] S1, mix vitrified microspheres, cement and water evenly according to the weight parts;

[0047] S2, add waterproofing agent and stir again until well mixed;

[0048] S3. Place the well-stirred mixture from S2 into a drum granulator and rotate it at a constant speed. Then, add vitrified microsphere powder in batches into the drum granulator. The drum granulator rolls the mixture into 2-6mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material.

[0049] Furthermore, the above-mentioned batching includes: 2 to 4 times. Even further, 2, 3, or 4 times.

[0050] Furthermore, the above-mentioned batching includes two sessions, each 6 minutes apart.

[0051] Furthermore, the above-mentioned batching includes 3 times, each 5 minutes apart.

[0052] Furthermore, the above-mentioned batching includes 4 times, with each batch spaced 4 minutes apart.

[0053] This application also provides the application of the above-mentioned granular fire extinguishing material or preparation method in fire extinguishing.

[0054] Furthermore, the above applications include covering the flames with the aforementioned fire extinguishing material.

[0055] Furthermore, the above applications also include the recycling of granular fire extinguishing materials, which can be reused for fire extinguishing, thus realizing the reuse of granular fire extinguishing materials.

[0056] 3. Beneficial effects

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are as follows:

[0058] (1) The granular fire extinguishing material, its preparation method, and its application provided in this application include vitrified microspheres, vitrified microsphere powder, cement, water, and a waterproofing agent. Its main components include vitrified microspheres, vitrified microsphere powder, and cement. Vitrified microspheres are a lightweight material; mixing them with cement increases the strength of the granular fire extinguishing material. The addition of a certain amount of vitrified microsphere powder further reduces the weight of the granular fire extinguishing material (approximately 400 kg / m³). 3In comparison, sand weighs approximately 1000–2000 kg / m³. 3 This granular fire extinguishing material is easy to transport. Furthermore, it can be repeatedly recycled (its structure and performance are not damaged after use), and it will not impact the environment, making it more environmentally friendly (it does not produce black or white smoke during use).

[0059] (2) The granular fire extinguishing material provided in this application and its preparation method and application firstly involves mixing vitrified microspheres, cement and water evenly; then adding waterproofing agent and mixing evenly again; secondly, mixing with a roller granulator and adding vitrified microsphere fine powder in batches; finally, rolling the mixture into 2-6 mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material. Its processing technology is simple and the production cost is low. Attached Figure Description

[0060] Figure 1 It is the granular fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 1 of this application.

[0061] Figure 2 This is the initial stage of a simulated fire.

[0062] Figure 3 These are photos simulating the burning scene 15 seconds after the fire begins.

[0063] Figure 4 These are photos simulating the burning scene 30 seconds after the fire begins.

[0064] Figure 5 These are photos simulating the burning scene 45 seconds after the fire begins.

[0065] Figure 6 These are photos simulating the descent of a fire baffle.

[0066] Figure 7 These are photos simulating a fire baffle completely lowering.

[0067] Figure 8 This is a photo of the scene where granular fire extinguishing material is being poured from the top.

[0068] Figure 9 These are photos of a simulated fire successfully extinguished after being covered with granular fire extinguishing material. Detailed Implementation

[0069] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0070] It should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and "middle" used in this specification are only for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered as within the scope of this application.

[0071] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0072] Unless otherwise specified in the examples, the procedures should be performed under standard conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0073] As used herein, the term “about” is used to provide for the flexibility and imprecision associated with a given term, measure, or value. Those skilled in the art can readily determine the degree of flexibility for a particular variable.

[0074] As used herein, the term “at least one of…” is intended to be synonymous with “one or more of…”. For example, “at least one of A, B, and C” explicitly includes only A, only B, only C, and combinations thereof.

[0075] Concentration, amount, and other numerical data may be presented in range format herein. It should be understood that such range format is used solely for convenience and brevity and should be flexibly interpreted to include not only the values ​​explicitly stated as the limits of the range, but also all individual values ​​or subranges encompassed within the range, as if each value and subrange were explicitly stated. For example, a range of values ​​from about 1 to about 4.5 should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly stated limits of 1 to 4.5, but also individual numbers (such as 2, 3, 4) and subranges (such as 1 to 3, 2 to 4, etc.). The same principle applies to ranges that describe only a single value, such as “less than about 4.5,” which should be interpreted to include all the aforementioned values ​​and ranges. Furthermore, this interpretation should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or characteristic described.

[0076] In the embodiments of this application, the vitrified microspheres were purchased from Ningbo Yuyong New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0077] In the embodiments of this application, the vitrified microsphere powder was purchased from Ningbo Yuyong New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0078] In this embodiment, the cement is white cement, purchased from Jiangxi Runbang New Materials Co., Ltd.

[0079] In this embodiment, the waterproofing agent was purchased from Ningbo Yuyong New Building Materials Co., Ltd.

[0080] Example 1

[0081] This embodiment provides a granular fire extinguishing material and its preparation method.

[0082] This granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0083] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 18 parts;

[0084] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter <1mm), 8.5 parts;

[0085] Cement, 35 parts;

[0086] Water, 38 portions;

[0087] Waterproofing agent, 0.5 parts.

[0088] The preparation method of this granular fire extinguishing material includes the following steps:

[0089] S1. Mix 18 parts of vitrified microspheres, 35 parts of cement, and 38 parts of water evenly.

[0090] S2, add 0.5 parts of waterproofing agent and stir again until well mixed;

[0091] S3. Place the well-stirred mixture from S2 into a drum granulator and rotate it at a constant speed for about 3 minutes. Then, add a total of 8.5 parts of vitrified microsphere powder in batches into the drum granulator (4.25 parts each time, in two batches, with an interval of 6 minutes between each addition). The drum granulator rolls the mixture into 2-6 mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material.

[0092] Example 2

[0093] This embodiment provides a granular fire extinguishing material and its preparation method.

[0094] This granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0095] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 20 parts;

[0096] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter <1mm), 10.5 parts;

[0097] Cement, 30 parts;

[0098] Water, 39.2 parts;

[0099] Waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts.

[0100] The preparation method of this granular fire extinguishing material includes the following steps:

[0101] S1. Mix 20 parts of vitrified microspheres, 30 parts of cement, and 39.2 parts of water evenly.

[0102] S2, add 0.3 parts of waterproofing agent and stir again until well mixed;

[0103] S3. Place the well-stirred mixture from S2 into a drum granulator and rotate it at a constant speed for about 2 minutes. Then, add a total of 10.5 parts of vitrified microsphere powder in batches into the drum granulator (3.5 parts each time, in three batches, with an interval of 5 minutes between each batch). The drum granulator rolls the mixture into 2-6 mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material.

[0104] Example 3

[0105] This embodiment provides a granular fire extinguishing material and its preparation method.

[0106] This granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0107] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 22 parts;

[0108] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter <1mm), 10.5 parts;

[0109] Cement, 28 parts;

[0110] Water, 39.2 parts;

[0111] Waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts.

[0112] The preparation method of this granular fire extinguishing material includes the following steps:

[0113] S1, mix 22 parts of vitrified microspheres, 28 parts of cement, and 39.2 parts of water evenly;

[0114] S2, add 0.3 parts of waterproofing agent and stir again until well mixed;

[0115] S3. Place the well-stirred mixture from S2 into a drum granulator and rotate it at a constant speed for about 2 minutes. Then, add a total of 10.5 parts of vitrified microsphere powder in batches into the drum granulator (3.5 parts each time, in three batches, with an interval of 5 minutes between each batch). The drum granulator rolls the mixture into 2-6 mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material.

[0116] Example 4

[0117] This embodiment provides a granular fire extinguishing material and its preparation method.

[0118] This granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight:

[0119] Vitrified microspheres (1-5 mm in diameter), 25 parts;

[0120] Vitrified microsphere powder (diameter < 1 mm), 11.6 parts;

[0121] Cement, 28 parts;

[0122] Water, 35 parts;

[0123] Waterproofing agent, 0.4 parts.

[0124] The preparation method of this granular fire extinguishing material includes the following steps:

[0125] S1. Mix 25 parts of vitrified microspheres, 28 parts of cement, and 35 parts of water evenly.

[0126] S2, add 0.4 parts of waterproofing agent and stir again until well mixed;

[0127] S3. Place the well-stirred mixture from S2 into a drum granulator and rotate it at a constant speed for about 3 minutes. Then, add a total of 11.6 parts of vitrified microsphere powder in batches into the drum granulator (2.9 parts each time, in four batches, with an interval of 4 minutes between each batch). The drum granulator rolls the mixture into 2-6 mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material.

[0128] Example 5

[0129] This embodiment provides the application of the granular fire extinguishing material of this application in fire extinguishing.

[0130] In this embodiment, the granular fire extinguishing material is the granular fire extinguishing material prepared in Example 1, such as... Figure 1 As shown.

[0131] Given the frequent fires caused by electric bicycles, this embodiment uses an electric bicycle fire as a simulation to verify the fire extinguishing performance of the granular fire extinguishing material of this application.

[0132] At the experimental site, a fire was caused by a short circuit in an electric bicycle, such as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0133] Subsequently, fire footage was recorded every 15 seconds, such as... Figures 3-5 As shown, the fire is rapidly intensifying, accompanied by a large amount of black smoke.

[0134] Then, the baffle was lowered. Figures 6-7 ), isolate the fire, and pour granular fire extinguishing material from the top ( Figure 8 The flames disappeared within 10 seconds. Figure 9 The fire was successfully extinguished, and the granular fire extinguishing material can be recycled and reused.

Claims

1. A granular fire extinguishing material, characterized in that, The granular fire extinguishing material has a particle size of 2-6 mm and comprises the following components by weight: Vitrified microspheres, 1–5 mm in diameter, 18–25 parts; Vitrified microspheres, with a diameter <1mm, 5-12 parts; Cement, 28-35 parts; Water, 35-40 parts; Waterproofing agent, 0.2 to 0.5 parts.

2. The granular fire extinguishing material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vitrified microsphere powder is present in quantities of 8.5–11.6 parts. And / or the waterproofing agent, 0.3 to 0.5 parts.

3. The granular fire extinguishing material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight: Vitrified microspheres, 18 parts; Vitrified microsphere powder, 8.5 parts; Cement, 35 parts; Water, 38 portions; Waterproofing agent, 0.5 parts.

4. The granular fire extinguishing material according to claim 2, characterized in that, The granular fire extinguishing material comprises the following components by weight: Vitrified microspheres, 20 parts; Vitrified microsphere powder, 10.5 parts; Cement, 30 parts; Water, 39.2 parts; Waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts.

5. The granular fire extinguishing material according to claim 2, characterized in that, Granular fire extinguishing materials, by weight, comprise the following components: Vitrified microspheres, 22 parts; Vitrified microsphere powder, 10.5 parts; Cement, 28 parts; Water, 39.2 parts; Waterproofing agent, 0.3 parts.

6. A granular fire extinguishing material according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The cement includes: black cement or white cement; And / or the waterproofing agent includes one or more of the following: organic solvent-based waterproofing agents, silicone-based waterproofing agents, water-based waterproofing agents, polyurethane acid waterproofing agents, and hardener-based waterproofing agents.

7. A method for preparing a granular fire extinguishing material according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, mix vitrified microspheres, cement and water evenly according to the weight parts; S2, add waterproofing agent and stir again until well mixed; S3. Place the well-stirred mixture from S2 into a drum granulator and rotate it at a constant speed. Then, add vitrified microsphere powder in batches into the drum granulator. The drum granulator rolls the mixture into 2-6mm particles to obtain granular fire extinguishing material.

8. The method for preparing a granular fire extinguishing material according to claim 7, characterized in that, The batching includes 2 to 4 times.

9. A method for preparing granular fire extinguishing material according to claim 8, characterized in that, The batching includes: Perform in two batches, with a 6-minute interval between each batch. Or do it in three batches, with a 5-minute interval between each batch. Or do it in 4 batches, with 4 minutes between each batch.

10. The application of a granular fire extinguishing material according to any one of claims 1-6, or the preparation method according to any one of claims 7-9, in fire extinguishing.

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