Sediment particle size monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a sediment particle size monitoring device and method, and belongs to the technical field of sediment particle size monitoring, the sediment particle size monitoring device comprises a metal base, the top surface of the metal base is fixedly provided with a supporting ring used for supporting, and the top surface of the supporting ring is provided with a plurality of elastic assemblies used for elastic connection; a connecting base used for connection is jointly and fixedly installed on the top faces of the elastic assemblies, a screening assembly used for screening is arranged on the top face of the connecting base and comprises a plurality of fixing sleeves, and the fixing sleeves are coaxially connected end to end in the vertical direction to form a vertical channel. According to the device, direct grounding operation of the whole metal material is utilized, the problem that silt is agglomerated due to static electricity is avoided, a knocking assisting structure is arranged in the device, the problem that materials are clamped in screening holes in the screening process can be avoided, the screening structure of the device is of a conical protruding structure and can be matched with a sweeping structure to improve the material output quality, and the screening efficiency is improved. And the accuracy of monitoring the particle size of the sediment particles is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of sediment particle size monitoring, in particular to a sediment particle size monitoring device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Sediment particle size monitoring is mainly used to understand sediment transport characteristics, evaluate riverbed stability, predict reservoir sedimentation, analyze pollutant adsorption and migration, and study landform evolution, etc., and sediment particle size monitoring is one of the important monitoring links in the fields of water conservancy engineering design and safety maintenance, soil erosion and ecological environment protection, agriculture and soil improvement, hydrology and landform research, etc.

[0003] During the process of monitoring the particle size of sediment, the mutual movement of sediment may cause static electricity, which may cause the aggregation of sediment to form small sediment groups under the effect of static adsorption, thereby overestimating the content of coarse particles and underestimating the proportion of fine particles, and the sediment may be stuck in the screen holes during the screening process or the sediment may not be completely introduced into the collection structure, thereby causing insufficient separation of the sediment and inaccuracy of the amount of each layer of screening, which may affect the accuracy of the monitoring of the particle size of the sediment.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a sediment particle size monitoring device is proposed. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a sediment particle size monitoring device and method, which solves the problem of static electricity caused by the mutual movement of sediment in the conventional device, and also avoids the problem of the sediment being stuck in the screen holes or not being completely introduced into the collection structure during the screening process, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the monitoring of the particle size of the sediment.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a sediment particle size monitoring device, comprising a metal base, a support ring for supporting is fixedly installed on the top surface of the metal base, and a plurality of elastic components for elastic connection are arranged on the top surface of the support ring, and a connecting base for connection is fixedly installed on the top surfaces of the plurality of elastic components, and a screening assembly for screening is arranged on the top surface of the connecting base; The screening assembly comprises a plurality of fixed sleeves, and the plurality of fixed sleeves are coaxially connected head to tail in the vertical direction to form a vertical channel, a storage bottom plate for storage is fixedly installed below the inner wall of the lowermost fixed sleeve, a screening mesh for screening is fixedly installed on the lower side of the inner wall of the upper fixed sleeve, a conveying pipe for conveying is fixedly installed on one side of the surface of the corresponding fixed sleeve, a blocking assembly for blocking is arranged on the inner wall of the conveying pipe near the side of the screening mesh, an annular electric guide rail for moving is embedded in the inner wall of the fixed sleeve above the conveying pipe, a feeding assembly for scraping is arranged on the surface of the annular electric guide rail, and a protective cone for protection is fixedly installed on the top surface of the uppermost fixed sleeve.

[0007] Further, the blocking assembly comprises two vertical guide rods fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the conveying pipe, a blocking block for blocking is slidably installed on the lower side of the rod wall of the two vertical guide rods, a pushing spring for pushing is sleeved on the upper side of the rod wall of the vertical guide rod, and an arc push plate for rotating and pushing is fixedly installed on the side of the surface of the blocking block away from the conveying pipe.

[0008] Further, the feeding assembly comprises a support inclined plate fixedly installed on one side of the surface of the annular electric guide rail, two connecting vertical rods for connection are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support inclined plate, a connecting inclined plate is fixedly installed on the bottom surfaces of the two connecting vertical rods, two expansion cavities for expansion are formed in the inside of the connecting inclined plate, a damping spring for pushing is fixedly installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the expansion cavity, a sliding block is fixedly installed on the lower end of the damping spring, a pressing vertical rod for connection is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the sliding block, a fixed block is rotatably installed on the lower side of each of the opposite sides of the surface of the pressing vertical rod, and a plurality of inclined scraping blocks are fixedly installed on the bottom surfaces of the fixed blocks. A fixed bent rod is fixedly installed on the side of the bottom surface of the connecting inclined plate close to the fixed sleeve, an arc head push rod for lifting and pushing is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the fixed bent rod, the setting height of the arc head push rod is lower than the highest part of the arc push plate by one centimeter, a reinforcing inclined rod is fixedly installed on the side of the bottom surface of the support inclined plate close to the fixed sleeve, a contact ball is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the reinforcing inclined rod, and the surface of the contact ball is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve.

[0009] Further, the plurality of screening meshes and the storage bottom plate are conical, and the screening meshes and the storage bottom plate are made of nickel-based alloy material, the opposite surfaces of the corresponding arc push plate are respectively located at the opposite corners of the blocking block, the blocking block is an arc-shaped plate body, and the diameters of the plurality of screening meshes are sequentially decreased from top to bottom.

[0010] Further, the elastic assembly comprises two connecting columns and a spring sleeved on the surfaces of the two connecting columns, the top surface of the upper connecting column is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the connecting base, and the bottom surface of the lower connecting column is fixedly connected with the top surface of the supporting ring.

[0011] Further, the conveying pipes include rectangular connecting pipes and vertical round pipes fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the rectangular connecting pipes away from the fixed sleeves, and the pipe axes of the vertical round pipes are arranged in non-overlapping staggered manner in the horizontal projection plane.

[0012] Further, the support inclined plates and the connecting inclined plates are all in triangular prism structure, the edges of the support inclined plates and the connecting inclined plates are all vertically upward, the surfaces of the sliding blocks are tightly attached to the inner walls of the telescopic cavities, the bottom surfaces of the extruding vertical rods respectively extend through the lower sides of the inner walls of the telescopic cavities to the bottom surfaces of the connecting inclined plates, and the bottom surfaces of the inclined scraping blocks respectively contact the top surfaces of the corresponding screening meshes.

[0013] Further, the bottom surface of the connecting base is fixedly installed with a vibrating motor, the peripheral side of the connecting base and the peripheral sides of the fixed sleeves are fixedly installed with a plurality of groups of connecting blocks for connection, the opposite surfaces of the connecting blocks of the lowermost group are jointly connected with fixed lead screws, and the upper sides of the fixed lead screws are threadedly connected with fixed pulleys for fixation.

[0014] A method for monitoring the particle size of sediment particles, the method comprising the steps of: Step one, adding sediment particles, the adding of sediment particles is achieved by an operator adding sample sediment through the top of the protective cone cylinder into the uppermost fixed sleeve, and the total mass of the sample sediment needs to be weighed before the sample sediment is added; Step two, screening of sediment particles, the vibrating motor under the connecting base drives the vibration of the fixed sleeves, thereby achieving the effect of screening the sediment, and under the elastic connection effect of the vibrating motor in cooperation with the elastic assembly, the synchronous vibration of the fixed sleeves can be achieved, thereby the sample sediment can be subjected to multi-stage screening treatment; Step three, taking out and monitoring the sample.

[0015] Further, the sample taking and monitoring in step three is carried out after the screening of the sediment particles in step two for ten minutes, so that the sediment particles in each fixed sleeve are uniformly distributed, and when the sediment particles are taken out, the inclined scraper in the feeding assembly is driven by the annular electric guide rail to convey the material on the screening net to the side of the screening net, and under the rotation conveying of the inclined scraper, the sediment material can move along the screening net, which can screen the material again to ensure that the material is fully screened, and when the inclined scraper moves to the conveying pipe position, the blocking block is lifted through the extrusion contact of the arc head push rod and the arc push plate, so that the screened material, i.e. the sediment, is introduced into the conveying pipe, so that the sediment material falls out through the vertical circular pipe, and the taking of the sample sediment is completed.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application provides a sediment particle size monitoring device and method, which has the following advantages: 1. The device uses direct grounding operation of the overall metal material to avoid the problem of sediment agglomeration caused by static electricity, and the device is provided with a structure for assisting knocking to avoid the problem of material being stuck in the screen hole during screening, and the screening structure of the device is a conical protruding structure that can cooperate with the sweeping structure to improve the quality of material output, thereby ensuring the accuracy of sediment particle size monitoring.

[0017] 2. The device uses the arc block setting of the blocking block to block the inside of the conveying pipe, and the arc-shaped contact surface does not affect the circumferential operation of the inclined scraper in the feeding assembly, ensuring the normal use function of the structure in the device.

[0018] 3. The device uses the elastic force connection of the spring in the elastic assembly to transmit the vibration force generated by the vibration motor, thereby ensuring the overall screening. Since the vibration motor has the function of generating up and down vibration force, the problem of sediment blocking in the screening net can be avoided.

[0019] 4. The device uses the threaded connection effect of the fixed lead screw and the fixed belt pulley to ensure that the belt simultaneously drives multiple fixed belt pulleys to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of fastening the structure, and through simultaneous fixation, the quick release effect of the device can also be ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the whole device. Figure 2 It is an expanded perspective view of the screening assembly. Figure 3 It is a vertical sectional perspective view of the whole device. Figure 4 is a top view of the fixed sleeve; Figure 5 is an expanded view of the conveying pipe of the present application; Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the feeding assembly of the present application; Figure 7 is Figure 6 is an enlarged structural schematic view of part A; Figure 8 is a perspective view of the rectangular connecting pipe of the present application; Figure 9 is a perspective view of the plugging assembly of the present application; Figure 10 is a side view of the screening net of the present application.

[0021] In the figure: 1, metal base; 2, support ring; 3, elastic assembly; 301, connecting column; 302, spring; 4, connecting base; 5, screening assembly; 6, fixed sleeve; 7, storage base plate; 8, screening net; 9, conveying pipe; 901, rectangular connecting pipe; 902, vertical circular pipe; 10, plugging assembly; 1001, vertical guide rod; 1002, plugging block; 1003, pushing spring; 1004, arc pushing plate; 11, annular electric guide rail; 12, feeding assembly; 1201, support inclined plate; 1202, connecting vertical rod; 1203, connecting inclined plate; 1204, telescopic cavity; 1205, damping spring; 1206, sliding block; 1207, extruding vertical rod; 1208, fixed block; 1209, inclined scraping block; 1210, fixed bent rod; 1211, arc head pushing rod; 1212, reinforcing inclined rod; 1213, contact ball; 13, vibration motor; 14, connecting block; 15, fixed screw; 16, fixed belt pulley; 17, protective cone cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10The mud particle size monitoring device in the embodiment comprises a metal base 1, the top surface of the metal base 1 is fixedly provided with a support ring 2 for supporting, the top surface of the support ring 2 is provided with a plurality of elastic components 3 for elastic connection, the elastic component 3 comprises two connecting columns 301 and springs 302 sleeved on the surfaces of the two connecting columns 301, the top surface of the upper connecting column 301 is fixedly connected with the bottom surface of a connecting base 4, the bottom surface of the lower connecting column 301 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the support ring 2, the top surfaces of the plurality of elastic components 3 are jointly fixedly provided with the connecting base 4 for connection, the top surface of the connecting base 4 is provided with a screening component 5 for screening. The screening component 5 comprises a plurality of fixed sleeves 6, the plurality of fixed sleeves 6 are coaxially connected in series in the vertical direction to form a vertical channel, the inner wall of the lowermost fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly provided with a storage bottom plate 7 for storage below, the inner wall of the upper fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly provided with a screening mesh 8 for screening below, the diameters of the plurality of screening meshes 8 are sequentially decreased from top to bottom, the plurality of screening meshes 8 and the storage bottom plate 7 are all conical, and the screening mesh 8 and the storage bottom plate 7 are both made of nickel-based alloy material, the nickel-based alloy can increase the strength of the structure in the device, the surface of the corresponding fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly provided with a conveying pipe 9 for conveying on the side of the screening mesh 8, the plurality of conveying pipes 9 comprise a rectangular connecting pipe 901 and a vertical circular pipe 902 fixedly provided on the bottom surface of the rectangular connecting pipe 901 away from the fixed sleeve 6, the pipe axes of the plurality of vertical circular pipes 902 are non-overlappingly staggered in the horizontal projection plane, the staggered vertical circular pipes 902 are arranged to ensure that each layer of mud is not affected during the output process, the inner wall of the conveying pipe 9 is provided with a plugging component 10 for plugging on the side close to the screening mesh 8, the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 6 is embedded with an annular electric guide rail 11 for movement above the conveying pipe 9, the surface of the annular electric guide rail 11 is provided with a feeding component 12 for scraping, and the top surface of the uppermost fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly provided with a protective cone 17 for protection.

[0024] The plugging component 10 comprises two vertical guide rods 1001 fixedly provided on the inner wall of the conveying pipe 9 on the upper and lower sides, the lower side of the rod wall of the two vertical guide rods 1001 is jointly and slidably provided with a plugging block 1002 for plugging, the upper side of the rod wall of the vertical guide rod 1001 is sleeved with a pushing spring 1003 for pushing, the surface of the plugging block 1002 is fixedly provided with an arc push plate 1004 for rotating and pushing on the side away from the conveying pipe 9, the opposite surfaces of the corresponding arc push plate 1004 are respectively located at the opposite corners of the plugging block 1002, the plugging block 1002 is an arc-shaped plate body, the arc push plate 1004 is arranged to be inclined, which can facilitate the extrusion and pushing of the plugging block 1002 by the arc head push rod 1211 in the feeding component 12, so as to improve the lifting effect, and the rotation direction of the feeding component 12 is the same as the inclination direction of the arc push plate 1004, that is, the feeding component 12 is counterclockwise in the top view.

[0025] The feeding assembly 12 comprises a plurality of support inclined plates 1201 fixedly installed on one side of the surface of the annular electric guide rail 11, and the bottom surface of each support inclined plate 1201 is fixedly installed with two connecting vertical rods 1202, and the bottom surfaces of the two connecting vertical rods 1202 are fixedly and jointly installed with a connecting inclined plate 1203, the support inclined plates 1201 and the connecting inclined plate 1203 are all in a triangular prism structure, and the edges of the support inclined plates 1201 and the connecting inclined plate 1203 are all vertically upward, so that the upward edges do not cause the adhesion of the silt, thereby reducing the influence on the monitoring of the silt particles, and the connecting inclined plate 1203 is internally provided with two expansion cavities 1204 for expansion, and the upper side of the inner wall of each expansion cavity 1204 is fixedly installed with a damping spring 1205 for pushing, and the lower end of the damping spring 1205 is fixedly installed with a sliding block 1206, the surfaces of the plurality of sliding blocks 1206 are tightly attached to the inner walls of the expansion cavities 1204, the bottom surface of each sliding block 1206 is fixedly installed with an extrusion vertical rod 1207 for connection, the bottom surfaces of the plurality of extrusion vertical rods 1207 respectively extend through the lower sides of the inner walls of the corresponding expansion cavities 1204 to the bottom surface of the connecting inclined plate 1203, and the opposite sides of the lower part of the surface of each extrusion vertical rod 1207 are rotatably installed with a fixed block 1208, the bottom surfaces of the plurality of fixed blocks 1208 are fixedly and jointly installed with an inclined scraping block 1209, and the bottom surfaces of the plurality of inclined scraping blocks 1209 are respectively in contact with the top surfaces of the corresponding screening meshes 8; The bottom surface of the connecting inclined plate 1203 close to one side of the fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly installed with a fixed curved rod 1210, and the bottom surface of the fixed curved rod 1210 is fixedly installed with an arc head push rod 1211 for lifting and pushing, the height of the arc head push rod 1211 is less than the highest part of the arc push plate 1004 by one centimeter, the bottom surface of the support inclined plate 1201 close to one side of the fixed sleeve 6 is fixedly installed with a reinforcing inclined rod 1212, and the bottom surface of the reinforcing inclined rod 1212 is rotatably installed with a contact ball 1213, and the surface of the contact ball 1213 is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve 6; The bottom surface of the connecting base 4 is fixedly installed with a vibration motor 13, the circumferential side of the connecting base 4 and the circumferential sides of the plurality of fixed sleeves 6 are fixedly installed with a plurality of groups of connecting blocks 14 for connection, and the opposite sides of the lowermost group of connecting blocks 14 are rotatably connected with a fixed lead screw 15, and the upper side of the fixed lead screw 15 is threadedly connected with a fixed belt pulley 16 for fixation.

[0026] A silt particle size monitoring method, the silt particle size monitoring method comprises the following steps: Step one, the addition of silt particles, the addition of silt particles is that the operator adds the sample silt through the top of the protection cone cylinder 17 into the uppermost fixed sleeve 6, and the total mass of the sample silt needs to be weighed before the sample silt is added; Step two, the screening of the silt particles, by connecting the vibration motor 13 under the base 4 to drive a number of fixed sleeve 6 vibration, and then achieve the effect of screening silt, in the vibration motor 13 with the elastic component 3 of the elastic connection effect, can make a number of fixed sleeve 6 synchronous vibration, and then can be multi-stage silt sample screening treatment; Step three, the sample is taken out and monitored.

[0027] The sample is taken out and monitored in step three, which is ten minutes after the screening of the silt particles in step two, so that the silt particles in each fixed sleeve 6 are uniformly distributed. When the silt particles are taken out, the inclined scraper 1209 in the feeding assembly 12 is driven by the annular electric guide rail 11 to transport the material on the screening net 8 to the side of the screening net 8. Under the rotation of the inclined scraper 1209, the silt material can move along the screening net 8. This process can screen the material again, thereby ensuring that the material is fully screened. When the inclined scraper 1209 moves to the position of the conveying pipe 9, the arc head push rod 1211 and the arc push plate 1004 are in extrusion contact, which can ensure that the blocking block 1002 is lifted, thereby guiding the screened material, i.e. silt, into the conveying pipe 9. In this way, the silt material will fall out through the vertical circular pipe 902, thereby ending the taking out of the sample silt. At this time, the silt in each fixed sleeve 6 is taken out in batches and weighed. The weight is divided by the total mass to obtain the content of the silt particles in the total mass, thereby completing the monitoring of the silt particles.

[0028] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: When the device is used, the monitored silt material is added to the uppermost fixed sleeve 6 through the top of the protective cone cylinder 17. The total mass of the sample silt needs to be weighed before the sample silt is added. After the sample silt is added, the vibration motor 13 under the base 4 drives a number of fixed sleeves 6 to vibrate, thereby achieving the effect of screening silt. Under the elastic connection effect of the vibration motor 13 and the elastic component 3, a number of fixed sleeves 6 can vibrate synchronously, thereby enabling multi-stage silt sample screening treatment. After the silt particles are screened for ten minutes, the silt particles in each fixed sleeve 6 are uniformly distributed, and when the silt particles are taken out, the inclined scraping block 1209 in the feeding assembly 12 is driven by the annular electric guide rail 11 to convey the material on the screening net 8 to the side of the screening net 8. Since the annular electric guide rail 11 drives the connecting inclined plate 1203 through the support inclined plate 1201 to move in a circle, and the support inclined plate 1201 and the connecting inclined plate 1203 are both inclined plate structures, the silt scraped during rotation can be pushed to the side by the effect of inclined extrusion. The pressure generated by the internal damping spring 1205 makes the inclined scraping block 1209 under the extrusion vertical rod 1207 tightly contact the screening net 8, thereby achieving the scraping effect of the silt. Under the rotation and conveyance of the inclined scraping block 1209, the silt material can move along the screening net 8. This process can screen the material that does not belong to this layer again, thereby ensuring that the material is fully screened. When the inclined scraping block 1209 moves to the position of the conveying pipe 9, the arc head push rod 1211 is in extrusion contact with the arc push plate 1004, which can ensure that the blocking block 1002 is lifted, thereby making the screened material, i.e., the silt, enter the conveying pipe 9. In this way, the silt material falls out through the vertical circular pipe 902, and the taking out of the sample silt is completed. At this time, the silt in each fixed sleeve 6 is taken out in batches and weighed. The content of the silt particles in the total mass can be obtained by dividing the weight by the total mass, thereby completing the monitoring of the silt particles. The rectangular connecting pipe 901 in the conveying pipe 9 of the device is inclined, and the inclination is that the processing position, i.e., the vertical circular pipe 902, is lower, thereby ensuring the smooth discharge of the silt. The metal material of the device can conduct the static electricity generated during the silt screening process to the ground, thereby avoiding the influence of static electricity. The blocking effect of the blocking block 1002 on the conveying pipe 9 by the elastic force of the push spring 1003 can avoid the problem that the silt that does not belong to the current level enters the conveying pipe 9 during the screening process, thereby affecting the accuracy of the monitoring. The device needs to be monitored multiple times to take the average value, thereby increasing the accuracy of the monitoring value.

[0029] The installation method, connection method or setting method disclosed in the embodiment are common mechanical connection methods, as long as the beneficial effects can be achieved. In addition, the electrical elements appearing in the embodiment are electrically connected with the main control and the power supply. The main control can be a conventional known device such as a computer that plays a control role. A person skilled in the art can control the electrical elements through simple programming, and the existing disclosed power connection technology also belongs to the common knowledge in the art. Therefore, the specific structure and working principle of the embodiment will not be described in detail.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the particle size of sediment, comprising a metal base (1), characterized in that: The top surface of the metal base (1) is fixedly installed with a support ring (2) for support, and the top surface of the support ring (2) is provided with a plurality of elastic components (3) for elastic connection, and the top surfaces of the plurality of elastic components (3) are fixedly installed with a connecting base (4) for connection, and the top surface of the connecting base (4) is provided with a screening component (5) for screening. The screening assembly (5) includes several fixed sleeves (6), which are coaxially connected end to end in the vertical direction to form a vertical channel. A storage base plate (7) for storage is fixedly installed on the lower inner wall of the lowest fixed sleeve (6), while a screening screen (8) for screening is fixedly installed on the lower inner wall of the upper fixed sleeves (6). A conveying pipe (9) for conveying is fixedly installed on the surface of several corresponding fixed sleeves (6) on one side of the screening screen (8), and a sealing device for sealing is provided on the inner wall of the conveying pipe (9) near the screening screen (8). The component (10) includes two vertical guide rods (1001) that are fixedly installed on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the conveying pipe (9). The lower side of the two vertical guide rods (1001) is slidably installed with a sealing block (1002) for sealing. The inner wall of the fixed sleeve (6) is located above the conveying pipe (9) and has an annular electric guide rail (11) for movement. The surface of the annular electric guide rail (11) is provided with a feeding component (12) for scraping. The top surface of the uppermost fixed sleeve (6) is fixedly installed with a protective cone (17) for protection.

2. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper side of the vertical guide rod (1001) is fitted with a push spring (1003) for pushing, and the side of the sealing block (1002) away from the conveying pipe (9) is fixedly installed with an arc push plate (1004) for rotating pushing.

3. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (12) includes a support inclined plate (1201) fixedly installed on one side of the surface of the annular electric guide rail (11), and two connecting vertical rods (1202) for connection are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support inclined plate (1201), and a connecting inclined plate (1203) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the two connecting vertical rods (1202). Two telescopic cavities (1204) for telescopic extension are opened inside the connecting inclined plate (1203), and a damping spring (1205) for pushing is fixedly installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the telescopic cavity (1204), and a slider (1206) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the damping spring (1205). A pressing vertical rod (1207) for connection is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the slider (1206), and a fixing block (1208) is rotatably installed on the lower side of opposite sides of the surface of the pressing vertical rod (1207). A slanted scraper (1209) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of several fixing blocks (1208). A fixed bending rod (1210) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting inclined plate (1203) near the fixed sleeve (6), and an arc-head push rod (1211) for lifting and pushing is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the fixed bending rod (1210). The arc-head push rod (1211) is set at a height one centimeter lower than the highest point of the arc push plate (1004). A reinforcing inclined rod (1212) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the supporting inclined plate (1201) near the fixed sleeve (6), and a contact ball (1213) is rotatably installed on the bottom surface of the reinforcing inclined rod (1212), and the surface of the contact ball (1213) is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed sleeve (6).

4. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: Several of the screening screens (8) and storage base plates (7) are conical, and both the screening screens (8) and storage base plates (7) are made of nickel-based alloy. The opposite sides of the corresponding arc push plate (1004) are located at the diagonal of the blocking block (1002), and the blocking block (1002) is an arc-shaped plate. The diameter of the screening screens (8) decreases from top to bottom.

5. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (3) includes two connecting posts (301) and a spring (302) sleeved on the surface of the two connecting posts (301). The top surface of the upper connecting post (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the connecting base (4), and the bottom surface of the lower connecting post (301) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the support ring (2).

6. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delivery pipes (9) include a rectangular connecting pipe (901) and a vertical circular pipe (902) fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the rectangular connecting pipe (901) away from the fixed sleeve (6). The pipe axes of the vertical circular pipes (902) are arranged in a non-overlapping staggered manner on the horizontal projection plane.

7. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supporting inclined plates (1201) and the connecting inclined plates (1203) are all triangular prism structures, and the edges of the supporting inclined plates (1201) and the connecting inclined plates (1203) are vertically upward. The surfaces of the sliders (1206) are tightly fitted to the inner wall of the telescopic cavity (1204). The bottom surfaces of the extrusion vertical rods (1207) extend through the lower side of the inner wall of the corresponding telescopic cavity (1204) to the bottom surface of the connecting inclined plate (1203). The bottom surfaces of the inclined scrapers (1209) are in contact with the top surface of the corresponding screening screen (8).

8. The sediment particle size monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vibration motor (13) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the connecting base (4). Several sets of connecting blocks (14) for connection are fixedly installed on the periphery of the connecting base (4) and the periphery of several fixed sleeves (6). The two opposite sides of the lowest set of connecting blocks (14) are rotatably connected to a fixing screw (15), and the upper side of the fixing screw (15) is threaded with a fixing pulley (16) for fixing.

9. A method for monitoring the particle size of sediment, characterized in that: The method for monitoring the particle size of sediment includes the following steps: a sediment particle size monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-8; Step 1: Adding mud and sand particles. The mud and sand particles are added by the operator through the top of the protective cone (17) into the uppermost fixed sleeve (6). Before adding the mud and sand, the total mass of the mud and sand needs to be weighed. Step 2: Screening of mud and sand particles. By connecting the base (4) and the vibration motor (13) driving several fixed sleeves (6) to vibrate, the mud and sand are screened. Under the elastic connection effect of the vibration motor (13) and the elastic component (3), the several fixed sleeves (6) can vibrate synchronously, and the sample mud and sand can be screened in multiple stages. Step 3: Sample extraction and monitoring.

10. The method for monitoring the particle size of sediment particles according to claim 9, characterized in that: The sample removal and monitoring in step three is carried out after the sieving of mud and sand particles in step two for ten minutes, so that the mud and sand particles in each fixed sleeve (6) are uniformly distributed. When removing the mud and sand particles, the inclined scraper (1209) in the feeding assembly (12) driven by the annular electric guide rail (11) can transport the material on the screening screen (8) to the periphery of the screening screen (8). Under the rotational conveying of the inclined scraper (1209), the mud and sand material can move along the screening screen (8). This process can screen the material that does not belong to this layer again, thereby ensuring that the material is fully screened. When the inclined scraper (1209) moves to the position of the conveying pipe (9), the sealing block (1002) can be lifted by the squeezing contact between the arc head push rod (1211) and the arc push plate (1004), so that the screened material, namely mud and sand, is introduced into the conveying pipe (9). In this way, the mud and sand material will fall out through the vertical round pipe (902), thus ending the removal of the sample mud and sand. At this time, the mud and sand in each fixed sleeve (6) are removed in batches and weighed. The weight of the weighed material divided by the total mass can be used to obtain the content of mud and sand particles in the total mass, thus completing the monitoring of mud and sand particles.

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