Intelligent retarder capable of measuring traveling speed of coupler car

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent retarder capable of measuring the traveling speed of a coupler car. The intelligent retarder comprises a retarder shell, a brake oil cylinder arranged in the retarder shell in a sliding mode, a piston rod installed on the brake oil cylinder, a piston cap fixedly installed at the top end of the piston rod, a pressure valve base penetrating through the piston cap, and a pressure valve ball valve installed on the pressure valve base. The spring seat abuts against the pressure valve ball valve, the magneto-rheological blocking channels are used for communicating the upper cavity with the lower cavity, the induction electromagnetic coil and the permanent magnet are arranged in an open groove of an outer ring of the piston cap head, and the impact stopping seat is located below the retarder shell. According to the intelligent retarder, the magnetorheological fluid and a mechanical structure are combined, the intelligent retarder capable of measuring the advancing speed of the humping hook car is constructed, and the advancing speed of the humping car in the advancing process can be measured in real time under the working conditions of various types of railway vehicle speeds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deceleration jacks, and in particular to an intelligent deceleration jack capable of measuring the speed of a hook-up vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Railway marshalling speed control systems require the control and adjustment of the shunting speed of various types of shunting vehicles. Deceleration jacks are commonly used speed control devices for railway vehicles, utilizing hydraulic oil to reduce speed. However, deceleration jacks cannot sense or measure the real-time speed of the shunting vehicles. When using a full deceleration jack speed control system, numerous controllable deceleration jacks are typically used to form a deceleration jack group to regulate the shunting speed of all shunting vehicles at different critical speeds. This type of deceleration jack speed control system requires advance sensing of the shunting vehicle speed so that a "computer-controlled deceleration jack speed control system" can control the controllable deceleration jacks, thereby achieving real-time control of the shunting speed.

[0003] The current full-reduction top speed control system has the following problems:

[0004] 1. Conventional deceleration jacks (such as ordinary deceleration jacks and controllable deceleration jacks) can only provide a constant critical speed by means of speed valves. This makes it difficult to adjust the critical speed according to the specific working conditions of the shunting vehicles in real time, especially under complex working conditions such as changes in vehicle weight, vehicle speed, and wheel spacing. In particular, in the case of large train sets, it is very easy to cause derailment and rollover accidents due to inconsistent speed reduction between easy-to-drive and difficult-to-drive vehicles. In addition, conventional deceleration jacks can only provide braking power to adjust the speed and decelerate the shunting vehicles, which cannot be well adapted to the large hump yard operations with high work intensity and complex shunting conditions in modern times.

[0005] 2. The speed and weight measurement system consists of a speed measurement module, a weight measurement module, and a series of supporting hardware and software, all separate from the deceleration top. The system is bulky and cumbersome. The speed measurement module is installed inside the rail and relies on spring contacts to generate pulse signals to determine the shunting speed. On the one hand, the existing speed and weight measurement system requires the installation of multiple sensors and fixing devices on the track, necessitating drilling holes in the rail, which reduces the rail's strength and affects safety. On the other hand, the weight measurement module is installed in a hole in the rail's waist section, relying on the vertical deformation of the rail caused by the weight of the shunting vehicle at the top of the rail to indirectly measure the weight of the shunting vehicle. This method has poor accuracy and slow response. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent deceleration top that can measure the speed of a hook car.

[0007] A smart deceleration jack capable of measuring the travel speed of a hook car includes a deceleration jack housing and a brake cylinder slidably disposed within the deceleration jack housing; the brake cylinder has an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber being filled with magnetorheological fluid and nitrogen gas; the smart deceleration jack further includes:

[0008] Piston rod, which is mounted on the brake cylinder;

[0009] A piston cap is fixedly installed at the top of the piston rod;

[0010] Several magnetorheological blocking channels for connecting the upper and lower chambers are formed in the piston cap; and

[0011] An induction electromagnetic coil and a permanent magnet are disposed within a groove on the outer ring of the piston cap; the induction electromagnetic coil and the permanent magnet are encapsulated in the groove on the outer ring of the piston cap by epoxy resin insulating adhesive.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above solution, a connecting bolt is provided on the corresponding side wall of the deceleration top housing for connecting the deceleration top housing and the rail. This invention, based on the connecting bolt, enables the intelligent deceleration top to be installed and fixed at the web of the rail laid in the marshalling yard.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above solution, a sealing cover is fixedly installed at the cylinder port of the brake cylinder by screws, and a rubber ring is filled between the sealing cover and the cylinder wall. This invention encapsulates the brake cylinder using a sealing cover to prevent leakage of the filling material.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above solution, the piston rod is vertically fixed and installed through the center of the sealing cover, and the piston cap is located above the sealing cover.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above solution, the intelligent deceleration top also includes a pressure valve base that runs through the piston cap, a pressure valve ball valve mounted on the pressure valve base, and a spring seat that abuts against the pressure valve ball valve.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above solution, the piston rod is provided with a mounting cavity for accommodating the spring seat.

[0017] As a further improvement to the above solution, the spring seat is provided with an inner spring and an outer spring, and the outer spring is sleeved outside the inner spring.

[0018] As a further improvement to the above solution, the outer spring and the piston rod are fixed together, and the inner spring and the spring seat are fixed together.

[0019] As a further improvement to the above solution, the intelligent deceleration jack also includes a retaining seat located below the deceleration jack housing, which is installed at the bottom of the deceleration jack housing; a pin is fixedly connected between the retaining seat and the piston rod. In this invention, the retaining seat is installed and fixed at the bottom of the intelligent deceleration jack using a pin. The retaining seat serves two purposes: firstly, it supports and fixes the deceleration jack housing and the piston rod; secondly, it withstands various forces and vibrations generated during operation, ensuring that the intelligent deceleration jack does not shift or shake during operation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire hydraulic system.

[0020] As a further improvement to the above solution, in the first state, the cap of the brake cylinder is not under force, and the brake cylinder is in its initial position; in the second state, the cap of the brake cylinder is subjected to the pressure of the hook vehicle wheel, and the brake cylinder slides down; in the third state, the hook vehicle wheel disengages from the cap of the brake cylinder, and the brake cylinder resets.

[0021] As a further improvement to the above scheme, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the speed of the hook car wheels and the downward speed of the brake cylinder, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] (1) In the formula, R td Where is the radius of the magnetorheological blocking channel, E is the induced electromotive force generated on the electrodes on both sides of the liquid when the ferrofluid passes through the magnetorheological blocking channel, and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the deceleration top cylinder; in equations (2), (3), and (4), α is the installation angle of the deceleration top, R is the radius of the hook car wheel, H is the vertical working height of the deceleration top cylinder, and H a ρ is the installation height of the deceleration jack cylinder, b is the height of the hook car wheel flange, r is the ball head radius of the deceleration jack cylinder, h is the vertical downward stroke of the deceleration jack cylinder, s is the lateral displacement of the deceleration jack cylinder during descent, and v is the lateral displacement of the deceleration jack cylinder during descent. i Let μ be the speed of the hook car wheel, and μ be the downward speed of the brake cylinder.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by combining magnetorheological fluid with mechanical structure, an intelligent deceleration top is constructed that can measure the travel speed of the shunting car, realizing real-time measurement of the travel speed of the shunting car under various types of railway vehicle speed conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the intelligent deceleration top that can measure the speed of a hook car provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 As shown Figure 1 A longitudinal section diagram.

[0027] Figure 3 As shown Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0028] Explanation of main component symbols

[0029] 1. Deceleration top housing; 2. Connecting bolts; 3. Brake cylinder; 4. Sealing cover; 5. Piston cap; 6. Piston rod; 7. Pressure valve base; 8. Pressure valve ball valve; 9. Spring seat; 10. Outer spring; 11. Inner spring; 12. Magnetorheological blocking channel; 13. Induction electromagnetic coil; 14. Permanent magnet; 15. Anti-impact seat; 16. Pin rod.

[0030] The above description of the main component symbols, together with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides a more detailed explanation of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. It should be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-3 This embodiment provides an intelligent deceleration top capable of measuring the travel speed of a hook car, comprising a deceleration top housing 1, a brake cylinder 3 slidably disposed in the deceleration top housing 1, a piston rod 6 mounted on the brake cylinder 3, a piston cap 5 fixedly mounted at the top of the piston rod 6, a pressure valve base 7 extending through the piston cap 5, a pressure valve ball valve 8 mounted on the pressure valve base 7, a spring seat 9 abutting against the pressure valve ball valve 8, a plurality of magnetorheological blocking channels 12 for connecting the upper and lower chambers, an induction electromagnetic coil 13 and a permanent magnet 14 disposed in the outer ring groove of the piston cap 5, and a stop seat 15 located below the deceleration top housing 1.

[0034] A connecting bolt 2 is provided on the corresponding side wall of the deceleration top housing 1, which is used to connect the deceleration top housing 1 and the rail. Based on the connecting bolt 2, the intelligent deceleration top of this embodiment is installed and fixed at the web of the rail laid in the marshalling yard.

[0035] The brake cylinder 3 has an upper chamber and a lower chamber, with the upper chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid and nitrogen. The magnetorheological fluid used in this embodiment is a ferrofluid, which is a special mixture of micron-sized soft magnetic particles and viscoplastic polymer. It is an intelligent composite material that can change its dynamic damping characteristics instantaneously (on the millisecond level) under the action of a magnetic field. It has stable mechanical properties, and within a certain field strength range, the magnetic field strength of the external magnetic field corresponds one-to-one with the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0036] A sealing cover 4 is fixedly installed at the cylinder port of brake cylinder 3 by screws, and a rubber ring is filled between the sealing cover 4 and the cylinder wall. In this embodiment, the brake cylinder 3 is encapsulated by the sealing cover 4 to prevent leakage of the filling material inside. The piston rod 6 is vertically fixed and installed through the center of the sealing cover 4, and the piston cap 5 is located above the sealing cover 4.

[0037] Several magnetorheological blocking channels 12 are evenly distributed in the piston cap 5. It should be noted that in actual design, the number of magnetorheological blocking channels 12 is a natural number that satisfies the strength of the piston rod 6, and no specific limit is made here. The induction electromagnetic coil 13 and the permanent magnet 14 are encapsulated in the groove of the outer ring of the piston cap 5 with epoxy resin insulating glue.

[0038] The piston rod 6 has a mounting cavity for accommodating the spring seat 9. The spring seat 9 houses an inner spring 11 and an outer spring 10, with the outer spring 10 sleeved around the inner spring 11. The outer spring 10 is fixed to the piston rod 6, and the inner spring 11 is fixed to the spring seat 9. It should be noted that in this embodiment, a channel is provided at the connection point between the piston cap 5 and the piston rod 6. This channel communicates with the lower cavity, allowing the magnetorheological fluid flowing out along the gap between the pressure valve ball valve 8 and the pressure valve base 7 to smoothly enter the lower cavity through this channel.

[0039] The anti-impact seat 15 is installed at the bottom of the deceleration top housing 1, and a pin 16 is fixedly connected between the anti-impact seat 15 and the piston rod 6. In this embodiment, the anti-impact seat 15 is installed and fixed at the bottom of the intelligent deceleration top through the pin 16. The anti-impact seat 15 serves to support and fix the deceleration top housing 1 and the piston rod 6. On the other hand, the anti-impact seat 15 also withstands various forces and vibrations generated during operation, ensuring that the intelligent deceleration top will not shift or shake during operation, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the entire hydraulic system.

[0040] In the first state, the cap of brake cylinder 3 is not under force, and brake cylinder 3 is in its initial position. In the second state, the cap of brake cylinder 3 is subjected to pressure from the wheels of the hooklift vehicle, and brake cylinder 3 slides down. In the third state, the wheels of the hooklift vehicle disengage from the cap of brake cylinder 3, and brake cylinder 3 returns to its original position.

[0041] When the vehicles sled down from the hump travel at a certain speed vi With an approach angle β, when passing the deceleration top in this embodiment, the wheels of the gliding vehicle contact the top surface of the brake cylinder 3. Under the action of the vehicle's gravity, the brake cylinder 3 moves downward along the cylinder axis. The magnetorheological fluid in the upper cavity of the brake cylinder 3 is squeezed and flows into the lower cavity of the brake cylinder 3 along the magnetorheological blocking channel 12. The ferrofluid magnetized by the induction electromagnetic coil 13 passes through the magnetorheological blocking channel 12 (channel length L). td The cross-sectional area of ​​a single channel is

[0042] Where R td (where the radius is the single-channel radius), shearing the magnetic field lines of the induction electromagnetic coil 13, the induction electromagnetic coil 13 generates an induced current I. i Generally, if the installation angle of the deceleration top is α, then when the cross-sectional area of ​​the brake cylinder 3 is S, the flow rate of the ferrofluid generated by the downward sliding of the brake cylinder 3 is...

[0043] Q = S × v i =S td ×n×μ. The induction coil 13 generates an induced current I. i When the ferrofluid passes through the magnetorheological blocking channel 12, it is magnetized, and the ferrofluid has a large magnetization intensity.

[0044] When the ferrofluid passes through the magnetorheological blocking channel 12, it generates magnetic field lines of a uniform magnetic field, thereby inducing an electromotive force E on the electrodes on both sides of the liquid. This induced electromotive force E is measured by an operational amplifier (LM358) and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC of the Arduino development board). According to Faraday's law, we know that:

[0045]

[0046] The downward sliding speed of brake cylinder 3 in the axial direction is:

[0047]

[0048] Therefore, the vehicle is released at a certain speed:

[0049]

[0050] From the positional relationship between the deceleration jack and the rail, we can know that:

[0051]

[0052] Where R is the radius of the hook car wheel, H is the vertical working height of the reduction gear cylinder, and H a denoted as , b is the installation height of the deceleration top cylinder, r is the ball head radius of the deceleration top cylinder, h is the vertical downward stroke of the deceleration top cylinder, and s is the lateral displacement of the deceleration top cylinder during its descent.

[0053] The instant the train wheel leaves the ball joint of the deceleration cylinder, the vertical downward stroke of the deceleration cylinder reaches its maximum stroke h. max The corresponding speed of the released vehicle at this time is v i Change to v i+1 (It is worth noting that the speed of the released vehicle is determined by v) i Change to v i+1 The direct cause is the deceleration effect of the deceleration jack. For a specific maximum stroke h max Based on the above calculation formula, the speed v of the released vehicle is... i There is a one-to-one correspondence between the downward speed μ of the hydraulic cylinder and the speed of the vehicle being released. By measuring the downward speed μ of the hydraulic cylinder using the principle of an electromagnetic flowmeter, the speed of the vehicle being released can be calculated.

[0054] The intelligent deceleration jack in this embodiment operates as follows: When the wheels of a vehicle descending from the hump approach the intelligent deceleration jack, the control module sends a control command to the power module, and the power module outputs a working current I. i The induction electromagnetic coil 13 operates at a current I i A magnetic field is generated under the action of the magnetic field. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid produces a magnetorheological effect. The dynamic viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological blocking channel 12 changes (the dynamic viscosity has changed and it has become a solid state). At the same time, the wheel of the sliding vehicle contacts the cap of the brake cylinder 3. The brake cylinder 3 continues to slide down under the action of the wheel. At this time, the pressure of nitrogen and magnetorheological fluid in the upper chamber of the brake cylinder 3 increases rapidly. The pressure in the chamber compresses the pressure valve ball valve 8. At this time, the inner spring 11 and the outer spring 10 are compressed and contracted, forming a gap between the pressure valve ball valve 8 and the pressure valve base 7. The magnetorheological fluid in the upper chamber (in a liquid or semi-solid state under low magnetic field strength) enters the lower chamber of the brake cylinder 3 through the gap under the action of this pressure. During this process, the kinetic energy of the sliding vehicle is converted into the deformation energy of the magnetorheological fluid. During this process, the intelligent deceleration top plays a braking and deceleration role for the sliding vehicle.

[0055] As the wheel continues to roll forward, under the pressure of the wheel, when the brake cylinder 3 of the intelligent deceleration top descends to its lowest point, the wheel disengages from the cylinder cap, and the compressed nitrogen gas in the upper chamber of the cylinder expands. At this time, the control module sends a control command to the power module, and the power module outputs a reverse piston demagnetizing current -I. j As the dynamic viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological blocking channel 12 decreases, the magnetorheological fluid in the lower chamber of the brake cylinder 3 rapidly flows back to the upper chamber of the brake cylinder 3 through the magnetorheological blocking channel 12. At the same time, the cylinder rebounds upward and returns to its initial position.

[0056] In summary, the intelligent deceleration jack of this embodiment has the following advantages: by combining magnetorheological fluid with mechanical structure, an intelligent deceleration jack is constructed that can measure the travel speed of the shunting car, realizing real-time measurement of the travel speed of the shunting car under various types of railway vehicle speed conditions.

[0057] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. Any simple modifications, alterations, and substitutions made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent deceleration top capable of measuring the travel speed of a hook car, comprising a deceleration top housing (1) and a brake cylinder (3) slidably disposed in the deceleration top housing (1); Its features are, The brake cylinder (3) has an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber being filled with magnetorheological fluid and nitrogen; the intelligent deceleration top also includes: Piston rod (6), which is mounted on the brake cylinder (3); Piston cap (5), which is fixedly installed at the top of the piston rod (6); Several magnetorheological blocking channels (12) for connecting the upper and lower chambers are formed in the piston cap (5); and An induction electromagnetic coil (13) and a permanent magnet (14) are disposed in the outer ring groove of the piston cap (5); the induction electromagnetic coil (13) and the permanent magnet (14) are encapsulated in the outer ring groove of the piston cap (5) by epoxy resin insulating glue.

2. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting bolt (2) is provided on the corresponding side wall of the deceleration top housing (1), which is used to connect the deceleration top housing (1) and the rail.

3. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 1, characterized in that, The brake cylinder (3) has a sealing cover (4) fixedly installed at the cylinder port by screws, and a rubber ring is filled between the sealing cover (4) and the cylinder wall; the piston rod (6) is vertically fixed and installed through the center of the sealing cover (4), and the piston cap (5) is located above the sealing cover (4).

4. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent deceleration top also includes a pressure valve base (7) arranged through the piston cap (5), a pressure valve ball valve (8) installed on the pressure valve base (7), and a spring seat (9) that abuts against the pressure valve ball valve (8).

5. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 4, characterized in that, The piston rod (6) has an installation cavity for accommodating the spring seat (9).

6. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 4, characterized in that, The spring seat (9) is provided with an inner spring (11) and an outer spring (10), and the outer spring (10) is sleeved outside the inner spring (11).

7. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer spring (10) is fixed to the piston rod (6), and the inner spring (11) is fixed to the spring seat (9).

8. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent deceleration top also includes a stop seat (15) located below the deceleration top housing (1), which is installed at the bottom of the deceleration top housing (1); a pin (16) is fixedly connected between the stop seat (15) and the piston rod (6).

9. The intelligent deceleration top according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first state, the cap of the brake cylinder (3) is not subjected to force, and the brake cylinder (3) is in the initial position. In the second state, the cap of the brake cylinder (3) is subjected to the pressure of the hook vehicle wheel, and the brake cylinder (3) slides down. In the third state, the hook vehicle wheel disengages from the cap of the brake cylinder (3), and the brake cylinder (3) resets.

10. The intelligent deceleration top according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, There is a one-to-one correspondence between the speed of the hook car wheels and the downward sliding speed of the brake cylinder (3), and the calculation formula is as follows: (1) In the formula, R td Where is the radius of the magnetorheological blocking channel (12), E is the induced electromotive force generated on the electrodes on both sides of the liquid when the ferrofluid passes through the magnetorheological blocking channel (12), and S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the deceleration top cylinder; in equations (2), (3), and (4), α is the installation angle of the deceleration top, R is the radius of the hook car wheel, H is the vertical working height of the deceleration top cylinder, and H a ρ is the installation height of the deceleration jack cylinder, b is the height of the hook car wheel flange, r is the ball head radius of the deceleration jack cylinder, h is the vertical downward stroke of the deceleration jack cylinder, s is the lateral displacement of the deceleration jack cylinder during descent, and v is the lateral displacement of the deceleration jack cylinder during descent. i denoted as σ, where μ is the speed of the hook car wheel and μ is the downward speed of the brake cylinder (3).

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