Method, device and storage medium for processing diagnostic data

Abstract

The application discloses a diagnosis data processing method and device and a storage medium, relates to the technical field of data processing, and comprises the following steps: acquiring a heart-lung auscultation sound signal collected by a collection device and a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis standard description received based on an interactive interface; determining a western medicine quantitative diagnosis index according to the heart-lung auscultation sound signal, and correlating a TCM syndrome differentiation type according to the TCM diagnosis standard description and the western medicine quantitative diagnosis index; and generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to a diagnosis result according to the western medicine quantitative diagnosis index and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation type. The application provides strong objective evidence and quantitative reference by differentiating the TCM syndrome differentiation type according to the auscultation sound. When diagnosing and treating diseases, the TCM highly depends on and integrates the auscultation result, and takes the auscultation result as one of key bases for differentiation, prescription selection, treatment effect evaluation and prognosis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and storage medium for processing diagnostic data. Background Technology

[0002] Auscultatory sounds (especially fine crackles, wheezing, and heart sounds) are key signs for diagnosing diseases in Western medicine. From the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), these auscultatory sounds are an important component of "listening and whistling," directly reflecting core pathogenesis such as "phlegm, heat, obstruction, and wheezing." Auscultatory sounds provide strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation (especially for cases of childhood pneumonia, chronic heart failure, and bronchial asthma). TCM highly relies on and integrates auscultatory results when diagnosing and treating diseases, using them as one of the key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis.

[0003] The key to integrating traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine lies in using the objectivity and precision of Western medicine's auscultation to enrich and verify the "auscultation diagnosis" and syndrome differentiation in traditional Chinese medicine. At the same time, it utilizes the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine's holistic view and syndrome differentiation and treatment to carry out individualized treatment based on the pathogenesis (including the pathogenesis reflected by auscultation), improve symptoms (such as cough, wheezing, and phlegm), and promote the absorption and recovery of lung inflammation.

[0004] Therefore, in clinical practice, both Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practitioners highly value auscultation results when diagnosing and treating diseases. TCM practitioners organically integrate these results into the framework of the four diagnostic methods of TCM, making diagnosis more accurate and treatment more targeted. The dynamic changes in auscultatory sounds are also one of the important objective indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of TCM treatment. Consequently, how to use auscultatory sounds to achieve TCM syndrome differentiation between Western and TCM has become an urgent problem to be solved, in order to provide a new biomarker system for TCM syndrome differentiation, thereby promoting the substantial integration of TCM and Western medicine at the level of objective diagnosis, breaking the "black box" of TCM syndrome differentiation, and developing interpretable AI (Artificial Intelligence) modules. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main purpose of this application is to provide a method, device, and storage medium for processing diagnostic data, aiming to provide strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation based on auscultation sounds. TCM relies heavily on and integrates auscultation results when diagnosing and treating diseases, using them as one of the key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a method for processing diagnostic data, the method comprising:

[0007] The system acquires auscultation sounds of the heart and lungs collected by a data acquisition device, as well as a description of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic standards received through an interactive interface; it determines Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the auscultation sounds of the heart and lungs, and associates TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic standards description and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators; and it generates and outputs a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of determining Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal includes:

[0009] The signal features of the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal are extracted, and the signal features include at least one of time-domain features, frequency-domain features, time-frequency features, and perceptual features; the time-domain features include at least one of amplitude envelope, zero-crossing rate, energy, root mean square energy, peak amplitude, and autocorrelation function; the frequency-domain features include at least one of spectral centroid, spectral bandwidth, spectral spread, spectral flatness, spectral roll-off point, spectral flux, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, chromaticity features, and pitch profile features; the time-frequency features include at least one of spectrogram, constant Q-transform, and wavelet transform coefficients; the perceptual features include at least one of loudness, pitch, and timbre.

[0010] The Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators are determined based on the signal characteristics. The Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include at least one of the following characteristics of the auscultation sounds: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, and silent chest. The heart sounds include one of the following: diastolic gallop rhythm, accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and systolic murmur in the apex area.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of associating TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic criteria description and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators includes:

[0012] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators contain dense fine moist rales accompanied by coarse moist rales and changes in breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as a diagnosis of phlegm-heat accumulation, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome.

[0013] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include dense fine moist rales within a preset lung range, as well as tubular breath sounds and decreased breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as one of the diagnostic descriptions of intense heat and toxicity, obstructing the lung collaterals, and scorching body fluids to form phlegm, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be the syndrome of heat and toxicity obstructing the lungs.

[0014] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show coarse breath sounds in the early stage and moist rales in the later stage, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as one of the following: external cold binding the lungs, lung qi failing to disperse, cold evil entering the interior and transforming into heat and generating phlegm, or cold phlegm obstructing the lungs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-cold lung obstruction syndrome.

[0015] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include coarse breath sounds, dense moist rales and wheezing, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as one of the diagnostic descriptions of wind-heat evil burning body fluids into phlegm and obstructing the airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-heat lung obstruction syndrome.

[0016] When the moist rales decrease or disappear in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnosis standard is described as phlegm and turbidity gradually disappearing, but yin deficiency and internal heat not being cleared, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be yin deficiency and lung heat syndrome.

[0017] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show no rales or occasional moist rales, and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as one of the following: lung and spleen qi deficiency, weak digestion and transformation, lingering phlegm, or internal generation of phlegm and dampness, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be lung and spleen qi deficiency syndrome.

[0018] In one embodiment, the step of generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation includes:

[0019] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to moist rales, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic results includes expectorant Chinese medicine.

[0020] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to wheezing, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic results includes traditional Chinese medicine for relieving asthma, opening the lungs, lowering qi and resolving phlegm.

[0021] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to decreased breath sounds or tubular breath sounds, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic results includes traditional Chinese medicine for clearing the lungs and opening the orifices, and clearing heat and detoxifying.

[0022] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to the disappearance of auscultatory sounds during the recovery period, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic result is determined to include traditional Chinese medicine that nourishes Yin and clears the lungs or strengthens the spleen and tonifies the lungs.

[0023] In one embodiment, the step of associating TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic criteria description and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators includes:

[0024] When moist rales are present in the lung sounds among the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as one of the diagnostic descriptions of water retention invading the lungs, accompanied by aversion to cold and cold limbs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome.

[0025] When moist rales are present in the lung sounds among the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as blood stasis and water retention, accompanied by shortness of breath and fatigue, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency, blood stasis and water retention syndrome.

[0026] When moist rales are present in the lung sounds among the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as obvious phlegm sounds accompanied by cough and sputum, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid obstructing the lungs syndrome.

[0027] When the diastolic gallop rhythm is present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the TCM diagnosis standard is described as palpitations, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the following: Qi-type heart syndrome, Yang deficiency syndrome, and Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome.

[0028] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as blood stasis and phlegm accumulation, accompanied by cyanosis, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm and blood stasis mutually obstructing the lung collaterals.

[0029] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as mild accentuation accompanied by shortness of breath, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be a cardiopulmonary qi deficiency syndrome.

[0030] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include a systolic murmur in the apex area, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as blood stasis leading to changes in the heart structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

[0031] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include a systolic murmur in the apex area, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as a diagnosis of impaired cardiac function and structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the later stages of Yang deficiency and water retention syndrome.

[0032] In one embodiment, the step of generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation includes:

[0033] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to wet rales, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic results includes Chinese medicine for emergency diuresis.

[0034] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to the diastolic gallop rhythm, the corresponding traditional Chinese medicine medication recommendations include Chinese medicine that greatly replenishes vital energy.

[0035] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic result includes expectorant Chinese medicine.

[0036] In one embodiment, the step of associating TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic criteria description and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators includes:

[0037] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators contain high-pitched, sharp, and widespread wheezing, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be either wind-phlegm asthma or cold asthma.

[0038] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include loud and coarse wheezing sounds, accompanied by coarse breathing sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be heat asthma.

[0039] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show a faint or relatively localized wheezing sound in the early stage, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of deficiency wheezing and cold-encased heat wheezing.

[0040] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include prolonged respiratory phase of breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as lung qi stagnation and impaired descending function, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency asthma.

[0041] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include silent chest, and the TCM diagnosis standard is described as one of the diagnosis descriptions of phlegm obstructing the lung orifices to the extreme and yang qi suddenly collapsing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, early stage of heat asthma, and severe deficiency asthma.

[0042] When moist rales are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as a diagnosis of thin fluid secretions in the airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid retention.

[0043] When dry rales are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as having thick secretions and narrowing of the large airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, heat asthma, or cold-encased asthma.

[0044] In one embodiment, the step of generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation includes:

[0045] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to high-pitched wheezing, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic results includes traditional Chinese medicine for dispelling wind and eliminating phlegm.

[0046] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation correspond to loud wheezing, the recommended traditional Chinese medicine treatment plan corresponding to the diagnostic result includes traditional Chinese medicine for clearing heat and resolving phlegm.

[0047] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a diagnostic data processing apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the diagnostic data processing method described above.

[0048] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the diagnostic data processing method described above.

[0049] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the diagnostic data processing method described above.

[0050] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects:

[0051] This system acquires auscultation sounds from the heart and lungs collected by a data acquisition device, along with descriptions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic standards received via an interactive interface. Based on these auscultation sounds, it determines Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and correlates these indicators with TCM syndrome differentiation. Based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation, it generates and outputs TCM medication recommendations corresponding to the diagnostic results. By examining the relationship between Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM syndrome differentiation, it provides strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation, particularly for conditions such as childhood pneumonia, bronchial asthma, and chronic heart failure. TCM practitioners highly rely on and integrate auscultation results when diagnosing and treating users' conditions, using them as key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis. Attached Figure Description

[0052] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of the diagnostic data processing method of this application.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 2 of the diagnostic data processing method of this application;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 3 of the diagnostic data processing method of this application;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 4 of the diagnostic data processing method of this application;

[0058] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the data fusion process provided for the diagnostic data processing method of this application;

[0059] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating Embodiment 5 of the diagnostic data processing method of this application;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the device structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the diagnostic data processing method in the embodiments of this application.

[0061] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0062] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0063] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0064] Traditional auscultation methods have certain limitations in the diagnostic process. The diagnostic results are highly dependent on the doctor's clinical experience and require multiple diagnostic tests to assist in the diagnosis, which ultimately leads to a delay in the diagnosis of the user's condition.

[0065] The main solution of this application embodiment is: to acquire the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal collected by the acquisition device, and the description of the TCM diagnosis standard received based on the interactive interface; to determine the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal, and to associate the TCM diagnosis standard description and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators with the TCM syndrome differentiation; and to generate and output the TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnosis result based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation.

[0066] In this embodiment, for ease of description, the following description will focus on the diagnostic data processing device as the execution subject.

[0067] This application provides a solution that, by establishing the relationship between Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators and Traditional Chinese Medicine's (TCM) syndrome differentiation, offers strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation, particularly for conditions such as childhood pneumonia, bronchial asthma, and chronic heart failure. TCM practitioners heavily rely on and integrate auscultation results when diagnosing and treating patients, using them as key criteria for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis.

[0068] It should be noted that the executing entity in this embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a tablet computer, personal computer, or mobile phone, or an electronic device or diagnostic data processing device capable of performing the above functions. The diagnostic data processing device can also be referred to as a diagnostic data processing device. The following description uses a diagnostic data processing device as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the subsequent embodiments.

[0069] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a method for processing diagnostic data, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the diagnostic data processing method of this application.

[0070] In this embodiment, the diagnostic data processing method includes steps S10 to S30:

[0071] Step S10: Acquire the auscultation sound signal of the heart and lungs collected by the acquisition device, and the description of the TCM diagnosis standard received based on the interactive interface.

[0072] Cardiopulmonary auscultation signals are sound signals generated by airflow through the airways, alveoli, and heart during respiration, recorded by a data acquisition device, such as a diagnostic data processing device. These signals reflect airway patency, lung tissue elasticity, cardiac structural condition, and any abnormalities. Optionally, the diagnostic data processing device can be a traditional stethoscope, an electronic stethoscope, or a wearable device.

[0073] In practical applications, electronic stethoscopes are used to collect clinical heart and lung sounds. The collected heart and lung auscultation signals are then analyzed to quickly obtain the corresponding TCM syndrome differentiation for the user (patient). This is beneficial for TCM prescription selection, corresponding treatment, and dynamic understanding of efficacy and prognosis.

[0074] In telemedicine applications, individuals (family members or medical professionals) can use an electronic stethoscope to collect auscultation signals of the heart and lungs of a user to be diagnosed, and upload these signals to the network. The network then uses the method described in this application to conduct an initial diagnosis based on the auscultation signals, thus diagnosing the user's condition. This avoids wasting diagnostic time while traveling and ensures timely diagnosis. Optionally, after confirming the user's condition, online traditional Chinese medicine consultation can be connected.

[0075] In this application, the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine mainly include the characteristics of auscultation sounds, that is, the auscultation results. These characteristics include moist rales, breath sounds, wheezing, heart sounds, and tubular breath sounds. Optionally, the auscultation sounds may include moist rales, breath sounds, wheezing, heart sounds, and tubular breath sounds at different stages of the disease, and may also include different degrees of these characteristics. For example, auscultation sounds may include fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, large crackles, wheezing, decreased or absent breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, bronchial breath sounds, and heart sounds. The heart sounds may include one of the following: a diastolic gallop rhythm (S3 gallop rhythm), an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area (P2 accentuation), or a systolic murmur in the apical area (relative mitral regurgitation murmur).

[0076] That is, the characteristics of auscultation sounds can be determined directly based on the auscultation sound signals of the heart and lungs. Auxiliary diagnosis refers to the characteristics of auscultation sounds in Western medicine, which can include the above-mentioned quantitative diagnostic indicators in Western medicine.

[0077] Taking some auscultatory sound characteristics as an example, among the quantitative diagnostic indicators in Western medicine, fine moist rales are the most diagnostically significant. Fine moist rales are prominent at the end of inspiration, and the sound is thin, dense, and superficial, like the sound of twisting hair or the sound of bubbles bursting. Fine moist rales indicate inflammatory exudate in the alveoli or small bronchi, and are a typical sign of alveolar inflammation. In the field of traditional Chinese medicine, it suggests the presence of phlegm, phlegm turbidity, or phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs.

[0078] In Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators, coarse, moist rales or large crackles are prominent in the early stages of inspiration, and the sound is relatively loud and coarse. Coarse, moist rales or large crackles suggest a large amount of thin secretions in the trachea, main bronchus, or cavities. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, this is considered a sign of excessive phlegm and dampness.

[0079] In Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators, wheezing is a high-pitched whistling sound with a distinct expiratory phase. Wheezing suggests small bronchospasm and narrowing, and is commonly seen in wheezing pneumonia, respiratory syncytial virus infection, some types of mycoplasma pneumonia, and allergic factors. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, it is closely related to lung qi stagnation and phlegm-qi obstruction, and is an important sign of asthma.

[0080] In Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators, diminished or absent breath sounds suggest extensive pulmonary consolidation, pleural effusion, pneumothorax, or complete bronchial obstruction. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this is often considered a severe condition of lung qi stagnation or obstruction.

[0081] In Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators, tubular breath sounds or bronchial breath sounds are breath sounds similar to those heard in the main trachea and bronchi in the area of ​​normal vesicular breath sounds, with a stronger expiratory phase and higher pitch. Tubular breath sounds or bronchial breath sounds suggest pulmonary consolidation, such as denser lung tissue and enhanced conduction, which also indicates pulmonary airway obstruction. Of course, the judgment can also be aided by the description of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic standards received through the interactive interface, or it can be judged directly based on a single cardiopulmonary auscultation signal. That is, the information in the subsequent embodiments does not need to use the information of the TCM diagnostic standards. The TCM diagnostic standards refer to the descriptive information of TCM's four diagnostic methods (inspection, auscultation, inquiry, and palpation), which can be uploaded based on various terminal devices and then combined with the cardiopulmonary auscultation signal for a comprehensive and accurate judgment.

[0082] Step S20: Determine Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the auscultation sound signals of the heart and lungs, and associate TCM syndrome differentiation with the description of TCM diagnosis standards and Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators.

[0083] In this embodiment, the characteristics of auscultatory sounds are correlated with the syndrome types in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation. After determining the characteristics of auscultatory sounds (i.e., determining Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on cardiopulmonary auscultatory sound signals), the TCM diagnostic standard description and Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators are correlated with TCM syndrome differentiation based on the correlation. TCM syndrome differentiation refers to TCM disease types, and Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators refer to at least one of the following characteristics of auscultatory sounds: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent, or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, and silent chest.

[0084] In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), syndrome differentiation aims to determine the type of syndrome, while the syndrome type is the specific conclusion drawn from syndrome differentiation. The two are interconnected and jointly provide the basis for TCM diagnosis and treatment. The occurrence and development of disease are the result of imbalances in the physiological functions of the internal organs, meridians, qi, and blood under the influence of pathogenic factors. TCM syndrome differentiation, guided by TCM theory, involves a comprehensive analysis of the patient's various symptoms, signs, medical history, and other data to identify the affected internal organs and meridians, determine the cause and nature of the disease, and thus classify the disease into a specific syndrome type. The syndrome type is the manifestation of the results of TCM syndrome differentiation. It is a summary of the essence of the disease at its current stage, a comprehensive summary of the cause, location, nature, and progression of the disease at a certain stage.

[0085] In clinical practice, doctors (regardless of their Western or Traditional Chinese Medicine background) highly value auscultation results when diagnosing and treating patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners organically integrate these results into the framework of the four diagnostic methods of TCM, making diagnosis more accurate and treatment more targeted. The dynamic changes in auscultatory sounds are also one of the important objective indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of TCM treatment for pneumonia.

[0086] Step S30: Based on Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, generate and output a traditional Chinese medicine medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results.

[0087] By utilizing the objectivity and precision of Western medicine's auscultation, we can enrich and verify the auscultation and diagnosis methods of traditional Chinese medicine. At the same time, by leveraging the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine's holistic view and syndrome differentiation, we can carry out individualized treatment based on the pathogenesis, improve pneumonia symptoms, and promote the absorption and recovery of lung inflammation.

[0088] Optionally, Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation can be used to generate and output corresponding traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) medication recommendations. Different Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators or TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to different TCM medication recommendations.

[0089] Optionally, a recommended TCM medication regimen can be determined based on Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation to correspond with the diagnostic results of the user to be diagnosed. Different syndrome types (i.e., TCM syndrome differentiation) correspond to different recommended TCM medication regimens. For example, for a child diagnosed with phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs in TCM, the TCM prescription may include heat-clearing and phlegm-resolving herbs, such as Trichosanthes kirilowii and Fritillaria cirrhosa. Targeted medication can better regulate the child's bodily functions and achieve the purpose of treating the disease.

[0090] Optionally, a TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis result of the user to be diagnosed can be determined based on Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and syndrome type. The TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis result can be determined by combining Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and syndrome type.

[0091] In this embodiment, the technical solution involves acquiring auscultation sounds of the heart and lungs collected by a data acquisition device, as well as a description of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic standards received through an interactive interface. Based on the auscultation sounds, Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators are determined, and TCM syndrome differentiation is associated with the TCM diagnostic standards and Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators. Based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation, a TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic result is generated and output. By leveraging the relationship between Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM syndrome differentiation, the TCM syndrome differentiation corresponding to the auscultation sounds and the corresponding TCM medication recommendation plan are quickly diagnosed, improving the speed of diagnosis and the timeliness of treatment for the user's condition.

[0092] Based on any of the above embodiments of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 2 Step S10 also includes:

[0093] Step S11: Extract the signal features of the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal. The signal features include at least one of time domain features, frequency domain features, time-frequency features, and sensory features.

[0094] Step S12: Determine the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the signal characteristics. The Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include at least one of the following characteristics of auscultation sounds: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, and silent chest sounds. The heart sounds include one of the following: diastolic gallop rhythm, accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and systolic murmur in the apex area.

[0095] In this embodiment, the time-domain features include at least one of amplitude envelope, zero-crossing rate, energy, root mean square energy, peak amplitude, and autocorrelation function; the frequency-domain features include at least one of spectral centroid, spectral bandwidth, spectral spread, spectral flatness, spectral roll-off point, spectral flux, Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, chromaticity features, and pitch profile features; the time-frequency features include at least one of spectrogram, constant Q transform, and wavelet transform coefficients; and the perceptual features include at least one of loudness, pitch, and timbre.

[0096] Optionally, the signal features may also include advanced features and combinations of features, wherein advanced features include fundamental frequency and harmonic structure, feature statistics, feature differences, and combinations thereof.

[0097] The production of moist rales is related to secretions within the trachea, bronchi, or bronchioles. Accurate analysis of the characteristics of auscultatory sounds in the heart and lungs can determine the location of the moist rales, such as the airway location of large and small crackles, and the quantity and nature of the moist rales, such as whether they are continuous or intermittent. For wheezing, it can also be accurately determined whether it occurs during the expiratory or inspiratory phase, and whether it is high-pitched or low-pitched. This is of great significance for diagnosing diseases such as bronchial asthma and wheezing bronchitis.

[0098] Optionally, based on the acquired cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signals, a cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal dataset is obtained; the dataset is then normalized and denoised to obtain preprocessed cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal data; features are extracted from the preprocessed data to determine that the signal features include Mel frequencies, and cepstral analysis is performed based on these Mel frequencies to obtain the Mel cepstral coefficients of the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signals. Mel frequency is a frequency scale related to the characteristics of human hearing. By performing Mel frequency analysis on respiratory sound data, the way the human auditory system perceives sound can be better simulated. This helps to highlight disease-related characteristic frequency components in the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signals, such as the frequency range of abnormal sounds like moist rales and wheezing, providing a more meaningful basis for subsequent feature extraction.

[0099] Optionally, time-domain features include respiratory cycle duration and the proportion of abnormal sound duration. Frequency-domain features include principal components of Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients and energy concentration in specific frequency bands, such as 200-600Hz for wet rales. Nonlinear features include sample entropy, used to measure the complexity of breath sounds. Optionally, cardiopulmonary auscultation signal analysis includes time-frequency analysis, using short-time Fourier transform to locate wet rales in the 200-600Hz range. It is worth noting that the characteristics of auscultatory sounds, such as fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent, or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, and silent chest sounds (full name: silent chest sounds), can be used as descriptive labels for auscultatory sounds. For example, after training and feature analysis, the sound features A, B, and C of auscultatory sounds are determined. Sound feature A is then bound to fine moist rales; sound feature B to coarse moist rales; sound feature C to wheezing; sound feature D to breath sounds; sound feature E to tubular breath sounds; sound feature F to heart sounds, which includes one of the following: diastolic gallop rhythm, accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, or systolic murmur in the apex area. For example, sound feature F1 is bound to diastolic gallop rhythm, sound feature F2 to accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and sound feature F3 to systolic murmur in the apex area; sound feature G is bound to silent chest sounds. Of course, other rules can also be used for binding, which are not limited here.

[0100] In one embodiment, a common parameter model for auscultation of heart and lung sounds (i.e., Western medicine) and the four diagnostic methods of traditional Chinese medicine (i.e., observation, auscultation, inquiry, and palpation) is established. For example, the data processing model program is as follows:

[0101] def preprocess_integrated_data(audio_data, tcm_data, patient_info):

[0102] Compliant with ISO 23961 (Traditional Chinese Medicine) and ISO 13485 (Western Medical Equipment) standards.

[0103] audio_data: Time-domain signal of heart / lung sounds (sampling rate ≥ 44kHz)

[0104] tcm_data: Data from the four diagnostic methods (tongue diagram / pulse wave / auscultation / inquiry).

[0105] patient_info: Basic patient information (including region and ethnicity)

[0106] Output: Standardized feature matrix

[0107] The procedure for processing heart and lung sounds in Western medicine (ERS / ATS 2023 standard) is as follows:

[0108] heart_clean = adaptive_wiener_filter(

[0109] audio_data['heart'],

[0110] noise_profile=audio_data['env_noise'],

[0111] freq_range=(20, 150)# Heart sound frequency band )

[0113] lung_features = extract_lung_features(

[0114] audio_data['lung'],

[0115] min_breath_cycle=1.2, # Shortest breathing cycle (s)

[0116] crackle_threshold=0.35# Threshold for detecting wet rales )

[0118] The procedure for the four diagnostic methods in Traditional Chinese Medicine (ISO 23961:2023) is as follows:

[0119] #Standardization of Tongue Diagnosis

[0120] tongue_std = normalize_tongue_image(

[0121] tcm_data['tongue_img'],

[0122] color_space='CIELAB',# ISO recommended color space

[0123] roi_method='U-Net_ISO' )

[0125] # Pulse diagnosis and treatment

[0126] pulse_clean = process_pulse_wave(

[0127] tcm_data['pulse'],

[0128] remove_baseline=True,

[0129] bandpass=(0.5, 40)# Pulse characteristic frequency band )

[0131] The core procedure for multimodal spatiotemporal alignment is as follows:

[0132] aligned_data = dynamic_alignment({

[0133] 'heart': extract_heart_features(heart_clean),

[0134] 'lung': lung_features,

[0135] 'tongue': extract_tongue_features(tongue_std),

[0136] 'pulse': extract_pulse_features(pulse_clean),

[0137] 'symptoms': encode_symptoms(tcm_data['symptoms']) # Encode the consultation text

[0138] }, sync_method='DTW_ECG')

[0139] The procedure for international standard feature conversion is as follows:

[0140] return {

[0141] 'western': apply_iso_transform(aligned_data['cardiopulmonary'], 'ISO_13485'),

[0142] 'tcm': apply_iso_transform(aligned_data['tcm'], 'ISO_23961_2023')

[0143] }

[0144] For example, you can refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the data fusion process for the diagnostic data processing method described in this application. It shows the Western medicine decision flow obtained after spatial mapping of heart and lung sound features, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) decision flow obtained after spatial mapping of the four diagnostic methods. The Western and TCM decision flows are internationally recognized, and then different weights for Western and TCM are determined based on regional adaptation factors. Furthermore, fusion parameters are applied based on different diseases, such as heart failure and pneumonia, to output the actual diagnosed disease and complete the diagnosis. For example, the parameter conversion rules (ISO standard mutual recognition) are shown in Table 1 below:

[0145]

[0146] Table 1

[0147] Where S1 is the amplitude (intensity) of the first heart sound, in mV or decibels (dB), S2 is the amplitude (intensity) of the second heart sound, in mV or decibels (dB), and CR is the heart sound ratio. YGI represents the three dimensions of the color space, L... * L is a brightness parameter with a weight of 0.28, used to represent brightness, and its value ranges from 0 (black) to 100 (white). In a tongue coating image, the L value can reflect the thickness, moisture, etc. of the tongue coating. * The b-value is a yellow-blue parameter with a weight of 0.72, used to represent the yellow-blue axis. Positive values ​​represent yellow, and negative values ​​represent blue. In a tongue coating image, the b-value reflects the degree of yellowness of the tongue coating. CD is the corrected wet rales density, in units of rales / minute; N is the total number of wet rales, in units of rales; T is the recording time, in units of seconds; and BMI (body fat percentage) is in units of kg / m². 2, m represents height. P is the pulse signal (a function of pressure changing with time), dP / dt: reflects the instantaneous rate of change of the pressure wave, directly related to vascular elasticity. When arteriosclerosis occurs, the pulse wave velocity (PWV) increases, and the steepness of the dP / dt waveform changes. dP: the derivative of the pulse pressure signal P, i.e., the minute change in pressure, dt: the minute change in time.

[0148] In one embodiment, a programming method for a computational engine for mutual recognition of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is also provided, such as:

[0149] def iso_integration(western_feat, tcm_feat, patient_info)

[0150] "International Standards Mutual Recognition Computing (Core)"

[0151] # 1. Standardization of Western Medicine Parameters

[0152] iso_western = {

[0153] 'CR': 20 * math.log10(western_feat['S2_amp'] / western_feat['S1_amp']),

[0154] 'CD': western_feat['crackle_count'] / (western_feat['rec_time'] / 60) *patient_info['BMI'] / 22

[0155] }

[0156] The procedure for standardizing TCM parameters is as follows:

[0157] iso_tcm = {

[0158] 'YGI': 0.28*tcm_feat['tongue_L'] + 0.72*tcm_feat['tongue_b'],

[0159] 'WSI': integrate(np.abs(np.diff(tcm_feat['pulse']))),

[0160] 'SYM': tcm_feat['symptom_score']

[0161] }

[0162] The procedure for generating dynamic weights (innovation points) is as follows:

[0163] weights = get_dynamic_weights(

[0164] disease=patient_info['diagnosis'],

[0165] region=patient_info['region'],

[0166] phase=patient_info['disease_phase']# Acute phase / chronic phase )

[0168] The procedure for generating internationally recognized parameters is as follows:

[0169] return {

[0170] 'Global_Heart_Lung_Index':

[0171] weights['western']*iso_western['CR']+

[0172] weights['tcm']*iso_tcm['WSI'],

[0173] 'Syndrome_Risk_Score':

[0174] iso_tcm['YGI'] * (0.5 + 0.05*patient_info['age'] / 30) +0.3*iso_tcm['SYM']

[0175] }

[0176] For example, the procedure for the verification method (quadruple gold standard) can be:

[0177] def quad_validation(iso_output, patient_info):

[0178] "International Quadruple Metal Standard Verification System"

[0179] Western medical equipment verification:

[0180] western_val = {

[0181] 'vs_echo': pearsonr(iso_output['CR'], echo_ef),

[0182] 'vs_CT': accuracy(iso_output['CD'], ct_score)

[0183] }

[0184] Verified by Traditional Chinese Medicine experts:

[0185] tcm_val = {

[0186] 'kappa_global': cohen_kappa(

[0187] iso_output['Syndrome_Risk_Score'],

[0188] [cn_expert, eu_expert]# Experts from multiple countries )

[0190] }

[0191] International standard compliance:

[0192] iso_val = {

[0193] 'traceability_error': check_iso_compliance(iso_output),

[0194] 'terminology_match': match_iso_terms(iso_output)

[0195] }

[0196] Clinical endpoint validation (hard endpoint):

[0197] clinical_val = {

[0198] 'mortality_auc': roc_auc_score(iso_output['Risk_Score'], mortality_30d),

[0199] 'hosp_days_corr': spearmanr(iso_output['Score'], hospital_days)

[0200] }

[0201] return {**western_val, **tcm_val, **iso_val, **clinical_val}

[0202] Furthermore, the sample quantity and sample index are as shown in the following formula (1) and Table 2:

[0203] (1)

[0204]

[0205] Table 2

[0206] Among them, K region Stratify by region, such as Asia / Europe / America ≥100 cases / stratum, K disease Stratification is performed for diseases such as heart failure / pneumonia / COPD with ≥50 cases per stratum and a minimum sample size of ≥600 cases. n represents the total sample size. Z is then calculated. 1₋α / 2 The critical value for the standard normal distribution can be 1.96 (α=0.05), σ is the population standard deviation, estimated in the preliminary test, and Δ is the allowable error, with clinical significance determined.

[0207] For example, the pseudocode implementation (internationally recognized core) is as follows:

[0208] def global_reconciliation(features, patient_info):

[0209] "International Standards Mutual Recognition Computing Engine"

[0210] Feature standardization (ISO conversion):

[0211] western_iso = transform_to_iso(features['western'], '13485')

[0212] tcm_iso = transform_to_iso(features['tcm'], '23961')

[0213] Dynamic weight generation (core)

[0214] weight_table = {

[0215] 'HF': {'western': 0.7, 'tcm': 0.3},# Heart failure

[0216] 'PN': {'western': 0.4, 'tcm': 0.6},# Pneumonia

[0217] 'COPD': {'western': 0.5, 'tcm': 0.5}

[0218] }

[0219] weights = adjust_for_region(

[0220] base_weights=weight_table[patient_info['diagnosis']],

[0221] region=patient_info['region'] )

[0223] Generate mutual recognition parameters

[0224] reconciled_params = {

[0225] 'CardioTCM_Index':

[0226] weights['western'] * western_iso['CR']+

[0227] weights['tcm'] * tcm_iso['WSI'],

[0228] 'Global_Syndrome_Score':

[0229] tcm_iso['YGI'] * symptom_amplifier(patient_info['symptoms'])

[0230] }

[0231] Output ISO standard format

[0232] return format_as_iso(reconciled_params, version="2025")

[0233] For example, the differences for users in different regions are shown in Table 3 below:

[0234]

[0235] Table 3

[0236] In the technical solution of this embodiment, by extracting the features of the auscultation sound signal of the heart and lungs, the audio of the heart and lungs is analyzed from multiple dimensions, which improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the determination of Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators. Based on the signal features, Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators such as moist rales, breath sounds and wheezing are determined, which can more accurately judge the pathological state of the heart and lungs, so as to facilitate the subsequent differentiation and classification of the patient.

[0237] Based on any of the above embodiments of this application, in the third embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 3 That is, at this point, the detailed process of step S200 under step S20 is executed. Step S200 is to determine the TCM syndrome differentiation described by Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM diagnosis standards based on at least one of fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased or absent breath sounds, and tubular breath sounds. Therefore, step S200 also includes:

[0238] Step S201: When there are dense fine moist rales and coarse moist rales in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and accompanied by changes in breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as a diagnosis of phlegm-heat accumulation, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome.

[0239] Step S202: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include dense fine moist rales in the preset lung area, as well as tubular breath sounds and decreased breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of intense heat and toxicity, obstructing the lung collaterals, and scorching the body fluids to form phlegm, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be the syndrome of heat and toxicity obstructing the lung.

[0240] Step S203: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show coarse breath sounds in the early stage and moist rales in the later stage, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as one of the following: external cold binding the lungs, lung qi failing to disperse, cold evil entering the interior and transforming into heat and generating phlegm, or cold phlegm obstructing the lungs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-cold lung-closing syndrome.

[0241] Step S204: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include coarse breath sounds, dense moist rales and wheezing, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes one of the diagnostic descriptions of wind-heat evil burning body fluids into phlegm and obstructing the airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-heat lung obstruction syndrome.

[0242] Step S205: When the moist rales decrease or disappear in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as phlegm turbidity gradually disappearing, but yin deficiency and internal heat not being cleared, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be yin deficiency and lung heat syndrome.

[0243] Step S206: When there are no rales or occasional moist rales in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as one of the following: lung and spleen qi deficiency, weak transportation and transformation, residual phlegm, and internal generation of phlegm and dampness, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be lung and spleen qi deficiency syndrome.

[0244] Optionally, when diagnosing a child with pneumonia, the TCM syndrome differentiation can be determined based on at least one of the following: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased or absent breath sounds, and tubular breath sounds.

[0245] Optionally, when there are dense fine moist rales (a frequency can be defined to determine that the fine moist rales are dense) and coarse moist rales, as well as changes in breath sounds, where the changes in breath sounds include increases or decreases in breath sounds, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome. Optionally, when there are dense fine moist rales within a preset lung area, along with tubular breath sounds and decreased breath sounds, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be toxic heat obstructing the lungs syndrome; Optionally, when there are coarse breath sounds in the early stage (a coarse sound loudness value can be defined), and moist rales in the later stage, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-cold obstructing the lungs syndrome; Optionally, when there are coarse breath sounds, as well as dense moist rales and wheezing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome; Optionally, when moist rales decrease or disappear, and breath sounds are normal, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be yin deficiency and lung heat syndrome; Optionally, when there are no rales or occasional moist rales, and breath sounds are normal or slightly weak, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be lung and spleen qi deficiency syndrome.

[0246] In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis and treatment, auscultatory sounds serve as an auxiliary diagnostic tool. These sounds are crucial evidence for determining key pathogenic factors such as phlegm, heat, obstruction, and wheezing. For example, moist rales suggest phlegm turbidity, while wheezing indicates qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction.

[0247] In an optional embodiment, other TCM data is acquired, including observation data, auscultation data, and palpation data. Auscultation data includes sounds heard and smells detected by the doctor. Based on at least one of moist rales, breath sounds, and wheezing sounds, as well as other TCM data, the TCM syndrome differentiation described by Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM diagnostic standards is determined.

[0248] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) auscultation includes listening to sounds and smelling odors. Sounds include coughing, breathing sounds, rattling sounds, crying, and speech. Ancient TCM texts describe sounds like a water chicken's croaking in the throat, similar to wheezing; a rattling sound, similar to moist rales; and shortness of breath, directly corresponding to wheezing, moist rales, and rapid breathing observed in modern auscultation. In modern TCM pediatric clinical practice, lung auscultation has become an indispensable extension and refinement of TCM auscultation, a crucial manifestation of the objectification of the four diagnostic methods in TCM. Doctors incorporate auscultation results into the scope of auscultation as an important objective basis for diagnosis.

[0249] Optionally, auscultatory sounds include fine, dense crackles, possibly accompanied by coarse crackles; breath sounds may be increased or decreased; and wheezing may be present if airway spasm is present. Other TCM data include: high fever, severe cough, thick yellow sputum or rattling in the throat, shortness of breath, flushed face, thirst, red throat, red tongue with a yellow, greasy coating, slippery and rapid pulse, and purplish finger veins. In this case, crackles directly correspond to the pathogenesis of phlegm-heat accumulation, and auscultatory sounds correspond to the syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs.

[0250] Optionally, auscultatory sounds and signs are often more pronounced and widespread, including dense, fine crackles, tubular breath sounds, and diminished breath sounds, possibly due to severe inflammation and exudation. In critical cases, auscultation may be atypical. Other TCM data include persistent high fever, severe cough, severe wheezing, irritability or lethargy, cyanosis of the lips, a deep red or crimson tongue with a thick, yellow or thin, dry coating, a rapid and forceful pulse or a thready and rapid pulse, and dark purple finger veins reaching the vital gate. Extensive crackles and signs of consolidation reflect a severe pathogenesis of intense heat toxins obstructing the lung channels and scorching fluids to form phlegm, which is described in TCM diagnostic standards as phlegm-heat accumulation. In this case, auscultatory sounds correspond to the syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs.

[0251] It should be noted that the increase, decrease, or disappearance of breath sounds refers to the sound intensity of normal breath sounds. Increased breath sounds are those with a higher sound intensity than normal breath sounds, while decreased or absent breath sounds are those with a lower sound intensity than normal breath sounds.

[0252] Optionally, auscultation sounds may include no abnormalities or only coarse breath sounds in the early stages. As the disease progresses, scattered moist rales may appear after sputum production. Other TCM data include severe chills with mild fever, no sweating, a heavy cough, thin white sputum that is easy to cough up (may turn yellow in later stages), nasal congestion with clear runny nose, no thirst, no red throat, pale red tongue with a thin white coating, a floating and tight pulse, and floating red finger veins. Early negative or coarse auscultation sounds reflect external cold binding the lungs and impaired lung qi circulation. Later moist rales suggest that the cold pathogen has penetrated deeper, transforming into heat and producing phlegm, or that cold phlegm is obstructing the lungs, which is one of the TCM diagnostic descriptions of intense heat toxicity obstructing the lung channels and scorching body fluids to form phlegm. At this time, the auscultation sounds correspond to the syndrome of wind-cold obstructing the lungs.

[0253] Optionally, auscultatory sounds may include coarse breath sounds in the early stages, followed by scattered or dense moist rales, possibly accompanied by wheezing, if airway reactivity is strong. Other TCM data include high fever with mild chills, sweating, cough with yellow sticky sputum, nasal congestion with yellow discharge, thirst, red or sore throat, red tongue tip and sides with a thin yellow coating, floating and rapid pulse, and floating purple finger veins. Moist rales reflect wind-heat evil scorching body fluids into phlegm, obstructing the airways, which is one of the diagnostic descriptions in TCM for wind-heat evil scorching body fluids into phlegm, obstructing the airways. In this case, the auscultatory sounds correspond to wind-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome.

[0254] Optionally, auscultation sounds may include a decrease or disappearance of moist rales, or only a few scattered moist rales remaining; breath sounds may be essentially normal. Other TCM findings include low-grade or irregular fever, dry cough with little or no phlegm that is difficult to expectorate, dry mouth and throat, hot palms and soles, night sweats, flushed face, red tongue with little or no coating or patchy coating, thready and rapid pulse, and pale purple finger veins. Auscultation sounds suggest that phlegm and turbidity are gradually dissipating, but yin deficiency and internal heat have not been cleared. This is the standard TCM diagnostic description of phlegm and turbidity gradually dissipating, but yin deficiency and internal heat have not been cleared. In this case, the auscultation sounds correspond to yin deficiency and lung heat syndrome, which is often seen in the recovery period or protracted stage of pneumonia.

[0255] Optionally, auscultation sounds may include no rales or only a very small number of sparse moist rales, and breath sounds may be normal or slightly weak. Other TCM data include weak cough, thin and clear white sputum, shortness of breath and reluctance to speak, sweating upon exertion, poor appetite, pale complexion, loose stools, pale and swollen tongue with a white and slippery coating, weak and thready pulse, and pale finger veins. A small number of sparse rales or weak breath sounds reflect lung and spleen qi deficiency, impaired digestion and transformation, lingering sputum, or internal dampness and phlegm. This corresponds to one of the TCM diagnostic criteria described as lung and spleen qi deficiency, impaired digestion and transformation, lingering sputum, or internal dampness and phlegm. In this case, the auscultation sounds correspond to lung and spleen qi deficiency syndrome, which is often seen in children recovering from pneumonia or those with weak constitutions.

[0256] In the technical solution of this embodiment, different syndrome types show differences in the manifestation of moist rales, breath sounds, and wheezing. Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators provide quantifiable indicators and objective evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation, while TCM syndrome differentiation provides Western medicine with a holistic view and syndrome differentiation and treatment approach, which helps to break down the disciplinary barriers between TCM and Western medicine and improve the accuracy and speed of pneumonia diagnosis.

[0257] In one embodiment, step S30 further includes:

[0258] Step S301: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to moist rales, determine the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results, which includes phlegm-resolving Chinese medicine.

[0259] Step S302: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to wheezing, determine the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results, which includes Chinese medicine for relieving asthma, opening the lungs, lowering qi and resolving phlegm.

[0260] Step S303: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to decreased breath sounds or tubular breath sounds, determine the TCM medication recommendations corresponding to the diagnostic results, including TCM herbs that promote lung function and clear heat and detoxify.

[0261] Step S304: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to the disappearance of auscultation sounds during the recovery period, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results is determined to include TCM herbs that nourish Yin and clear the lungs or strengthen the spleen and replenish the lungs.

[0262] In this embodiment, the auscultatory sounds of a user's pneumonia are key signs in Western medicine's diagnosis of pneumonia, especially fine crackles and wheezing. From a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) perspective, these auscultatory sounds are an important component of olfactory diagnosis, directly reflecting core pathogenesis such as phlegm, heat, obstruction, and wheezing. Auscultatory sounds provide strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation.

[0263] In the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia patients heavily relies on and integrates auscultation results, using them as one of the key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, especially the selection of expectorant and antiasthmatic drugs, as well as for evaluating efficacy and prognosis.

[0264] Optionally, when there are obvious moist rales (i.e., sputum congestion), expectorants will be used more frequently, such as Pinellia ternata, Citrus reticulata peel, Poria cocos, Trichosanthes kirilowii peel, Arisaema cum Bile, and Bambusa textilis sap. Optionally, when there are wheezing sounds (i.e., qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction), treatment will focus on relieving asthma, opening the lungs, and resolving phlegm, such as Ephedra sinica, Prunus armeniaca seed, Lepidium apetalum seed, Perilla frutescens seed, Peucedanum praeruptorum seed, and Pheretima aspergillum. Optionally, when there are extensive signs of consolidation, with decreased / tubular breath sounds, indicating severe pulmonary closure, it is necessary to use more herbs to open the lungs, clear heat, and detoxify, such as Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang with added heat-clearing and detoxifying herbs. Optionally, when auscultatory sounds disappear or are almost completely absent during the recovery period, the focus of treatment shifts to nourishing yin and clearing the lungs or strengthening the spleen and tonifying the lungs.

[0265] In an optional embodiment, after step S30, the method further includes: during the treatment process, acquiring new cardiopulmonary auscultation signals of the user to be diagnosed; determining new Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators corresponding to the new cardiopulmonary auscultation signals; determining the changes in physical signs between the TCM syndrome differentiation and the new Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, the changes in physical signs including the changed physical signs and the degree of change; determining the severity and recovery status of the user's condition based on the changes in physical signs, the severity and recovery status being used to indicate whether it is necessary to adjust the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results.

[0266] It should be noted that a decrease in the number, extent, and density of moist rales, and a reduction or disappearance of wheezing during treatment are important objective indicators for judging whether the traditional Chinese medicine and overall treatment are effective, whether phlegm and heat have subsided, and whether lung closure has been opened. Conversely, if auscultatory sounds persist or worsen, it suggests that the treatment plan needs to be adjusted. The duration and severity of auscultatory sounds, combined with other indicators, help to determine the severity of the condition and the recovery progress.

[0267] During treatment, by acquiring new auscultation signals of the heart and lungs and determining new quantitative diagnostic indicators in Western medicine, subtle changes in the user's condition can be understood in a timely and dynamic manner. This helps doctors grasp the development trend of the disease in real time, avoiding misdiagnosis or delay in treatment due to insidious changes in the condition. Based on changes in vital signs, it is determined whether the corresponding TCM medication recommendation plan needs to be adjusted, making treatment more targeted and timely. Unnecessary or inappropriate drug use is avoided, improving treatment efficacy and reducing patient suffering and financial burden. Combining Western medicine's monitoring of vital signs with TCM's syndrome differentiation and treatment fully leverages the advantages of both. Using changes in vital signs to guide adjustments in TCM medication makes the integration of Western and TCM treatment closer and more coordinated, improving overall treatment effectiveness.

[0268] In the technical solution of this embodiment, based on different Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, a corresponding TCM medication recommendation plan is precisely matched according to the diagnostic results. Through precise drug treatment, symptoms can be effectively relieved, disease progression can be controlled, the course of treatment can be shortened, and patients can recover their health more quickly, reducing the damage of the disease to the body. It covers medication strategies for different disease stages and signs, from expectoration, asthma relief, and lung clearing to nourishing yin and clearing the lungs or strengthening the spleen and lungs during the recovery period, forming a complete treatment system that can comprehensively improve the patient's lung function and promote disease improvement.

[0269] Based on any of the above embodiments of this application, in the fourth embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 4 This means that at this point, the detailed process of step S210 under step S20 is executed. Step S210 involves determining the TCM syndrome differentiation described by Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM diagnostic standards based on at least one of the following: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, diastolic gallop rhythm, accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and systolic murmur in the apex area. Therefore, step S210 also includes:

[0270] Step S211: When moist rales are present in the lung sounds in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of water retention invading the lungs, accompanied by aversion to cold and cold limbs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome.

[0271] Step S212: When moist rales are present in the lung sounds in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as blood stasis and water retention, accompanied by shortness of breath and fatigue, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency, blood stasis and water retention syndrome.

[0272] Step S213: When moist rales are present in the lung sounds in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes obvious phlegm rales accompanied by cough and sputum, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid obstructing the lung syndrome.

[0273] Step S214: When the diastolic gallop rhythm is present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as palpitations, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the following: Qi-type heart syndrome, Yang deficiency syndrome, and Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome.

[0274] Step S215: When the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area is accentuated in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as blood stasis and phlegm accumulation, accompanied by cyanosis, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm and blood stasis mutually obstructing the lung collaterals.

[0275] Step S216: When the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area is accentuated in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as mild accentuation accompanied by shortness of breath, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be cardiopulmonary qi deficiency syndrome.

[0276] Step S217: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include a systolic murmur in the apex area, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as blood stasis leading to changes in the heart structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

[0277] Step S218: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include a systolic murmur in the apex area, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as a diagnosis of impaired cardiac function and structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the later stages of Yang deficiency and water retention syndrome.

[0278] For example, Western medicine auscultation reveals pathological changes, while Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis analyzes the essential pathogenesis. Western medicine auscultation reveals pathological changes such as congestion (blood stasis), high pressure, and structural abnormalities, while TCM diagnosis analyzes the essential pathogenesis of water retention, qi deficiency, phlegm stasis, and yang collapse. Auscultatory sounds provide important objective cues for TCM diagnosis, while TCM theory provides deeper explanations of these signs and directions for individualized treatment. For instance, there is a profound correlation between auscultatory sound diagnosis and TCM diagnosis in chronic heart failure. This correlation is not a simple symptom correspondence, but rather based on the commonality at the core level between the pathophysiological mechanisms (Western medicine) and the pathogenesis and syndromes (TCM). For chronic heart failure, the TCM diagnosis mainly relies on at least one of fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, etc., to determine the TCM syndrome differentiation described by Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM diagnostic standards.

[0279] Optionally, when moist rales are present in the lung sounds (mainly at the base of the lungs or both lung bases), Western medicine interprets this as reflecting increased pulmonary venous pressure, pulmonary congestion, and fluid leakage into the alveoli or small bronchioles. In traditional Chinese medicine, this is associated with the retention of fluids and phlegm, which affects the heart and lungs, and is the corresponding pathogenesis of heart failure and pulmonary congestion. When moist rales are confirmed in lung sounds, other TCM parameters can be determined. For example, if the patient also experiences cold limbs and aversion to cold (one of the TCM diagnostic criteria described as "water retention invading the lungs, accompanied by cold limbs"), then the TCM syndrome differentiation can be determined as Yang deficiency with water retention, such as the common case of water retention invading the lungs due to heart and kidney Yang deficiency. If the patient also experiences shortness of breath and fatigue (one of the TCM diagnostic criteria described as "blood stasis and water retention, accompanied by shortness of breath and fatigue"), then the TCM syndrome differentiation can be determined as Qi deficiency with blood stasis and water retention, i.e., heart Qi or Yang deficiency leading to blood stasis and water retention. If the patient also experiences cough and sputum (one of the TCM diagnostic criteria described as "obvious phlegm sounds accompanied by cough and sputum"), then the TCM syndrome differentiation can be determined as phlegm obstructing the lungs, such as water retention accumulating phlegm in the lungs, in which case moist rales or phlegm sounds are obvious. The correlation between TCM and Western medicine in this case is one of the bases for diagnosing "water retention invading the heart and lungs" or "phlegm obstructing the lungs," suggesting diuretic treatment.

[0280] Optionally, when a diastolic gallop rhythm is present (S3 gallop rhythm, a sign of deficiency of heart qi or yang), Western medicine interprets this as the rapid filling phase of the ventricle, where blood impacts the ventricular wall with decreased compliance, producing sound and reflecting reduced diastolic function. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this is associated with severe deficiency of heart qi or yang, resulting in weak peristalsis. When a diastolic gallop rhythm is present with certain heart sound characteristics (user-defined features slightly exceeding the normal range), and prominently manifests as palpitations, i.e., the TCM diagnostic standard describes palpitations, then the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be a deficiency of heart qi or yang. When the diastolic gallop rhythm has severe heart sound characteristics (i.e., user-defined features significantly exceeding the normal range), the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be a yang deficiency with water retention. In this case, the correlation between TCM and Western medicine is an indicator of the degree of heart qi or yang deficiency, suggesting tonifying heart qi or warming and invigorating heart yang.

[0281] Optionally, when there is accentuation of the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area (P2 accentuation), Western medicine interprets this as increased pulmonary artery pressure, secondary to left heart failure leading to increased pulmonary venous pressure and pulmonary vasoconstriction. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this is associated with lung qi stagnation or phlegm-blood stasis obstructing the lungs. When there is accentuation of the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, accompanied by cyanosis, which falls under the TCM diagnostic criteria of blood stasis and phlegm coagulation accompanied by cyanosis, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-blood stasis obstructing the lung collaterals, secondary to qi deficiency leading to blood stasis and phlegm coagulation. When there is accentuation of the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, accompanied by shortness of breath, which falls under the TCM diagnostic criteria of mild accentuation accompanied by shortness of breath, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be cardiopulmonary qi deficiency, meaning insufficient heart qi affecting lung qi, and P2 may be mildly accentuated. At this point, the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine indicates increased pulmonary circulation resistance, and the diagnosis points to "lung qi stagnation" or "phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lungs," requiring treatment to promote lung function and lower qi.

[0282] Optionally, when a systolic murmur is present at the apex (relative mitral regurgitation murmur), Western medicine interprets this as left ventricular enlargement leading to mitral annular dilation, causing functional mitral regurgitation. In Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this is associated with cardiac enlargement, often caused by Qi deficiency, Yang deficiency, and blood stasis. When a systolic murmur is present at the apex, and cardiac structural changes are observed (CT or other methods), or the threshold of the systolic murmur at the apex can be used for diagnosis, if the murmur is at a lower threshold (as described in TCM diagnostic criteria as blood stasis leading to cardiac structural changes), then the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, i.e., insufficient heart Qi causing blood stasis. If the murmur is at a lower threshold, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as impaired cardiac function and structure, then the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be late-stage Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome, i.e., severe Yang deficiency leading to impaired cardiac function and structure. At this point, the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine is that the newly appearing or worsening systolic murmur indicates ventricular enlargement and cardiac damage, which is a sign of "cardiac distension." Treatment should focus on tonifying qi, promoting blood circulation, and eliminating water retention, while also paying attention to ventricular remodeling.

[0283] For example, the pathological basis of chronic heart failure is similar in both Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine: Western medicine's concepts of "blood stasis," "edema," and "ventricular remodeling / decreased function" are highly consistent with Traditional Chinese Medicine's descriptions of the core pathological changes in heart failure, such as "blood stasis," "phlegm retention," "heart qi (yang) deficiency," and "cardiac distension." Auscultatory sounds are direct or indirect manifestations of these changes. Corresponding moist rales correspond to promoting diuresis, etc.; S3 gallop rhythm corresponds to tonifying heart qi, etc.; accentuated P2 corresponds to dispersing lung qi, etc.; new / exacerbated systolic murmurs correspond to tonifying qi and promoting blood circulation, etc.

[0284] In the technical solution of this embodiment, different syndrome types show differences in the manifestations of moist rales, diastolic gallop rhythm, accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and systolic murmur in the apex area. Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators provide quantifiable indicators and objective evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation, while TCM syndrome differentiation provides Western medicine with a holistic view and a syndrome differentiation and treatment approach, helping to break down the disciplinary barriers between TCM and Western medicine and improve the accuracy and speed of diagnosing chronic heart failure.

[0285] In one embodiment, step S30 further includes:

[0286] Step S311: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to wet rales, determine the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results, which includes TCM for emergency diuresis.

[0287] Step S312: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to the diastolic gallop rhythm, determine the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results, which includes TCM herbs that greatly replenish vital energy.

[0288] Step S313: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to the pulmonary valve area with hyperincreased second heart sound, determine the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic result, which includes expectorant Chinese medicine.

[0289] In this embodiment, for chronic heart failure, warming the yang and promoting diuresis alleviates pulmonary rales, invigorating qi and promoting blood circulation improves the S3 gallop rhythm, and treating phlegm and blood stasis simultaneously prevents the condition from worsening due to P2 hyperactivity. Simultaneously, considering the dynamic changes in heart failure syndrome patterns, the auscultatory sounds and corresponding TCM syndrome patterns of the same patient will change at different stages depending on the condition and triggering factors. For example, the acute exacerbation phase is mainly characterized by phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs; the stable phase is mainly characterized by qi deficiency and blood stasis.

[0290] Optionally, when the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to moist rales, because moist rales indicate "water retention affecting the heart and lungs," the corresponding TCM medication recommendations include emergency diuresis, such as commonly used herbs like Lepidium apetalum, Poria cocos, and Alisma plantago-aquatica. Optionally, when the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to a diastolic gallop rhythm, because the S3 gallop rhythm suggests "heart qi depletion," the corresponding TCM medication recommendations include tonifying vital energy, such as using ginseng and Aconitum carmichaelii to protect heart yang. Optionally, when the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, because an accentuated P2 indicates "phlegm and blood stasis obstructing the lung channels," the corresponding TCM medication recommendations include expectorant herbs, such as Salvia miltiorrhiza and Ligusticum chuanxiong for blood circulation, and Pinellia ternata and Trichosanthes kirilowii for expectoration.

[0291] For example, medication can be dynamically adjusted based on different Western medical quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation. When the Western medical quantitative diagnostic indicator and / or TCM syndrome differentiation indicates an expansion of the range of moist rales, the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes strengthening warming and diuretic herbs, such as Zhenwu Decoction combined with Wuling Powder. Optionally, when the Western medical quantitative diagnostic indicator and / or TCM syndrome differentiation indicates a weakening of the S3 gallop rhythm in the heart sound, signifying gradual recovery of heart qi, the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes reducing the dosage of Aconitum carmichaelii while adding Astragalus membranaceus and Polygonatum sibiricum to tonify qi and strengthen the body. Optionally, when the Western medical quantitative diagnostic indicator and / or TCM syndrome differentiation indicates a new-onset systolic murmur, suggesting cardiac damage, the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes adding earthworms, leeches, and other insect-based medicines to unblock the meridians and remove blood stasis.

[0292] For example, chronic heart failure can be accurately diagnosed by combining tongue and pulse diagnosis. Optionally, when moist rales are accompanied by a pale, swollen tongue with a white, slippery coating, the TCM syndrome is determined to be Yang deficiency with water retention, and the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes Zhenwu Decoction. Optionally, when moist rales are accompanied by a purplish-dark tongue with a yellow, greasy coating, the TCM syndrome is determined to be phlegm-heat stagnation, and the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes Huanglian Wendan Decoction combined with Taohong Siwu Decoction. Optionally, when the heart sound is S3 galloping rhythm and the pulse is weak and almost imperceptible, the TCM syndrome is determined to be Yang collapse and critical condition, and the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes emergency use of Shenfu Injection, to ensure the accuracy of diagnosis and medication for chronic heart failure.

[0293] In one embodiment, traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine can be used in combination to ensure the therapeutic effect of chronic heart failure, as described in Table 4 below.

[0294]

[0295] Table 4

[0296] In one embodiment, the diagnosis of chronic heart failure also requires consideration of other diagnostic results. Optionally, not all moist rales indicate Yang deficiency. If acute heart failure induced by infection is confirmed, accompanied by yellow sputum and a yellow, greasy tongue coating, then the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs. The corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang plus Houttuynia cordata. Optionally, if a young patient presents with an S3 gallop rhythm, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy needs to be ruled out. In TCM, this is often classified as "heart vessel obstruction," primarily due to blood stasis, not a pure deficiency syndrome. Only when hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is ruled out will the TCM syndrome be determined to be one of the following: Qi-type heart syndrome, Yang deficiency syndrome, or Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome. Optionally, refractory P2 hyperactivity accompanied by clubbing of the fingers and cyanosis should raise suspicion of pulmonary heart disease. The pathogenesis is lung and kidney deficiency with phlegm and blood stasis lurking in the lungs. When pulmonary heart disease is confirmed, the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes Renshen Gejie San to tonify the kidneys and promote Qi circulation.

[0297] In the technical solution of this embodiment, based on different Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, a corresponding TCM medication recommendation plan is precisely matched according to the diagnostic results. Through precise drug treatment, symptoms can be effectively relieved, disease progression controlled, and the course of treatment shortened, enabling patients to recover their health more quickly and reducing the damage of the disease to the body. It covers medication strategies for different disease stages and physical signs, forming a complete treatment system from emergency diuresis, tonifying vital energy, or phlegm resolution, which can comprehensively improve the patient's cardiac function and promote disease improvement.

[0298] Based on any of the above embodiments of this application, in the fifth embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, please refer to... Figure 6 That is, at this point, the detailed process of step S220 under step S20 is executed. Step S220 is to determine the TCM syndrome differentiation described by Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM diagnosis standards based on at least one of the following: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, prolonged breath sounds, and silent chest sounds. Therefore, step S220 also includes:

[0299] Step S221: When there is a high-pitched, sharp, and widespread wheezing sound in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma and cold asthma.

[0300] Step S222: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include loud and coarse wheezing sounds, accompanied by coarse breathing sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be heat asthma.

[0301] Step S223: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show a faint or relatively localized wheezing sound in the early stage, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as a description of airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency wheezing and cold-encased heat wheezing.

[0302] Step S224: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show prolonged respiratory phase of breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as lung qi stagnation and lack of descending function, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency asthma.

[0303] Step S225: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include silent chest, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as phlegm obstructing the lung orifices to the extreme and yang qi suddenly collapsing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, early stage of heat asthma, or severe deficiency asthma.

[0304] Step S226: When moist rales are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as a diagnosis of thin liquid secretions in the airway, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid retention.

[0305] Step S227: When dry rales are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes one of the following: thick secretions and narrowing of the large airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, heat asthma, or cold-encased asthma.

[0306] For example, wheezing sounds detected by Western medicine auscultation are the most direct and important physical sign evidence for diagnosing asthma (latent phlegm in the lungs, phlegm and qi stagnation) in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Both point to the core pathology of airway spasm and obstruction. There is a profound connection between the auscultatory sounds of bronchial asthma and the TCM diagnosis and syndrome differentiation of asthma, based on pathophysiological and pathogenesis theories. Mastering both and organically combining them is a key step in improving the level of integrated TCM and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of asthma. Although wheezing is a typical sign of asthma, it can also be seen in other diseases (such as acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiac asthma, airway foreign bodies, etc.), requiring careful differential diagnosis. Establishing a data comparison database is extremely beneficial for disease classification and corresponding treatment. For bronchial asthma, the main criteria for determining the TCM syndrome differentiation are based on at least one of the following: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales (fine and coarse moist rales can be collectively referred to as moist rales), wheezing, prolonged breath sounds, and silent chest sounds. This aligns with the TCM diagnostic criteria used to describe the TCM syndrome differentiation.

[0307] For example, the characteristics of wheezing (pitch, intensity, distribution) combined with other symptoms (sputum color and quality, cold / heat signs, triggers, tongue and pulse, etc.) help differentiate between major excess patterns such as cold asthma, hot asthma, and wind-phlegm asthma. Prolonged expiration is common, but its intensity, combined with the strength of the wheezing, can aid in determining whether the condition is excess or deficiency (strong wheezing in excess patterns; weak wheezing or significantly prolonged expiration in deficiency patterns). A silent chest suggests a critical condition of phlegm obstructing the orifices or a sudden collapse of yang qi. The presence and characteristics of wet / dry rales directly reflect the nature (cold / heat, thin / thick) and location of obstruction of phlegm / phlegm fluid / turbidity, providing important clues for identifying the nature of phlegm (cold phlegm, hot phlegm, wet phlegm, wind-phlegm).

[0308] Optionally, the common pathological basis of wheezing is airway spasm and narrowing (i.e., the diagnostic description of airway spasm and narrowing in TCM). When high-pitched, sharp, and widespread wheezing is present in Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be either wind-phlegm wheezing or cold wheezing. High-pitched, sharp, and widespread can be predefined sound characteristics by the user, such as loudness above S and duration S1. Of course, wind-phlegm wheezing or cold wheezing can be further determined based on expiratory characteristics, such as expiratory temperature. Optionally, when loud and rough wheezing is present, accompanied by coarse breathing sounds, the TCM syndrome differentiation is hot wheezing. Loud and rough can be defined as loudness fluctuating above S and duration S1. Optionally, when there is weak or relatively localized loud wheezing in the early stage, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency wheezing or partial cold-encased hot wheezing. In this case, deficiency wheezing or partial cold-encased hot wheezing can be determined based on the user's asthma condition, such as asthma frequency and loudness. Optionally, when the respiratory phase is prolonged and breath sounds are present, it indicates obstructed airflow, classifying it as a deficiency asthma according to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) diagnosis. This is particularly evident during an acute attack of excess asthma, and deficiency asthma can also be caused by lung and kidney qi deficiency. The TCM diagnostic criteria describe this as "lung qi stagnation and impaired descending function." Optionally, the presence of silent chest indicates extreme airway obstruction, described by TCM diagnostic criteria as extreme phlegm obstruction of the lung orifices or sudden collapse of yang qi. This classifies it as one of the following: wind-phlegm asthma, early-stage heat asthma, or severe deficiency asthma. Further differentiation can be based on other parameters, such as asthma frequency, loudness, sputum characteristics, and the user's body temperature. Optionally, the presence of moist rales indicates thin fluid secretions in the airways, classifying it as phlegm-fluid retention according to TCM diagnosis. Optionally, when dry rales are present, the TCM diagnostic criteria are defined as thick secretions or narrowing of the large airways, and the TCM syndrome differentiation is defined as one of wind-phlegm asthma, heat asthma, and cold-encased asthma. Further, wind-phlegm asthma, heat asthma, and cold-encased asthma can be determined based on other parameters, such as asthma frequency, loudness, sputum condition, and user body temperature.

[0309] In the technical solution of this embodiment, there are differences in the manifestations of prolonged respiratory phase, wheezing, moist rales, and dry rales among different syndrome types. Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators provide quantifiable indicators and objective evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation, while TCM syndrome differentiation provides Western medicine with a holistic view and syndrome differentiation and treatment approach, which helps to break down the disciplinary barriers between TCM and Western medicine and improve the accuracy and speed of bronchial asthma diagnosis.

[0310] In one embodiment, step S30 further includes:

[0311] Step S321: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation correspond to high-pitched wheezing, determine the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results, which includes TCM herbs for dispelling wind and eliminating phlegm.

[0312] Step S322: When a loud wheezing sound is detected corresponding to the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic result is determined to include Chinese herbal medicines for clearing heat and resolving phlegm.

[0313] For example, wheezing in bronchial asthma can be graded and its symptoms quantified as follows: Grade I (scattered wheezing): corresponding to mild phlegm-qi stagnation (symptom score 1-3 points); Grade II (widespread wheezing): corresponding to moderate phlegm-heat / cold phlegm accumulation (symptom score 4-6 points); Grade III (silent chest): corresponding to critical symptoms (symptom score ≥7 points). Optionally, when moist crackling sounds are present, indicating cold phlegm (white, clear, and thin phlegm), the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes warming and resolving; when coarse moist rales are present, indicating hot phlegm (yellow, sticky phlegm), the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes clearing and resolving; when medium to small moist rales are present, indicating spleen deficiency and phlegm-dampness (excessive phlegm that is easy to expectorate), the corresponding TCM medication recommendation includes strengthening the spleen and resolving phlegm.

[0314] In one embodiment, bronchial asthma can be treated with a combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine. For example, if Western medicine treatment involves β2 receptor agonists, TCM recommends Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang to relieve airway spasm and reduce drug side effects. If Western medicine treatment involves glucocorticoids, TCM recommends Sha Shen Mai Dong Tang to reduce adverse reactions of hormones and regulate immune function. If Western medicine treatment involves leukotriene modulators, TCM recommends Yu Ping Feng San to improve allergic constitution and reduce recurrence frequency. Western medicine auscultation provides objective and repeatable physical evidence; TCM syndrome differentiation, from a holistic perspective, reveals the differences in the underlying pathogenesis (cold, heat, phlegm, wind, deficiency) among different individuals under the same pathology (airway spasm and obstruction). Combining the two allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the state of an asthma attack (degree of obstruction, sputum condition, systemic reaction), providing more precise and objective evidence for individualized TCM treatment (syndrome differentiation and treatment). Optionally, hearing a high-pitched wheezing sound accompanied by an itchy throat and sneezing further supports the diagnosis of wind-phlegm asthma, and the corresponding TCM medication recommendations include herbs that dispel wind and resolve phlegm. Optionally, hearing a loud wheezing sound accompanied by thick yellow phlegm and a flushed face further supports the diagnosis of heat asthma, and the corresponding TCM medication recommendations include herbs that clear heat and resolve phlegm.

[0315] In one embodiment, the TCM syndrome differentiation is dynamic; the syndrome of the same patient may transform at different stages of an asthma attack (e.g., cold asthma transforming into heat), and the auscultatory characteristics may also change accordingly. While wheezing is a typical sign of asthma, it can also be seen in other diseases (such as acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiac asthma, airway foreign bodies, etc.), requiring careful differential diagnosis. In summary, there is a profound connection between the auscultatory sounds of bronchial asthma and the TCM diagnosis and syndrome differentiation of asthma, based on pathophysiological and pathogenesis theories. Mastering both and organically combining them is one of the key aspects of improving the level of integrated TCM and Western medicine diagnosis and treatment of asthma.

[0316] In the technical solution of this embodiment, based on different Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation, a corresponding TCM medication recommendation plan is precisely matched according to the diagnostic results. Through precise drug treatment, symptoms can be effectively relieved, disease progression can be controlled, the course of treatment can be shortened, and patients can recover their health more quickly, reducing the damage of the disease to the body. It covers medication strategies for different disease stages and different signs, forming a complete treatment system from dispelling wind and eliminating phlegm or clearing heat and resolving phlegm, which can comprehensively improve the patient's tracheal function and promote disease improvement.

[0317] Based on any of the above embodiments of this application, in the sixth embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. In addition, before step S20, the following is also included:

[0318] Step S40: Obtain the patient type information corresponding to the cardiopulmonary auscultation sound signal. The type information includes at least one of age and disease stage.

[0319] Step S50: Based on the type information, the patients are divided into at least one preset group, and audio reference signals of the heart and lungs of the patients in the preset group are collected to determine the reference Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators of the auscultation sounds corresponding to the audio reference signals.

[0320] Step S60: Determine the TCM syndrome differentiation in the TCM syndrome differentiation corresponding to the reference Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators of auscultation sounds, and establish the correlation between the reference Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators of auscultation sounds and the TCM syndrome differentiation in the TCM syndrome differentiation.

[0321] Step S60 includes:

[0322] Step S61: Based on the correlation, determine the TCM syndrome differentiation type corresponding to the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators of the auscultation sound of the user to be diagnosed, so as to achieve rapid confirmation of the disease based on age and disease stage.

[0323] Optionally, the reference to Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators refers to at least one of the following characteristics observed in the auscultation sounds of patients within a specific group: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent, or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, and silent chest sounds. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation refers to various types of TCM diseases, specifically the TCM disease types corresponding to the reference to Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators. By grouping patients' medical diagnostic data according to one or more of the following categories: age, pathogen type, disease stage, etc., stratified analysis of patients with different characteristics can be performed. This helps doctors more accurately grasp the characteristics and patterns of different patient groups, thereby improving the pertinence and accuracy of diagnosis.

[0324] It should be noted that pathogen types include bacterial, viral, atypical pathogens, and fungal pathogens. For example, bacterial pathogens include Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus; viral pathogens include influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus; atypical pathogens include mycoplasma pneumonia and chlamydia pneumonia; and fungal pathogens include Aspergillus and Candida. The course of pneumonia can be divided into multiple stages based on pathophysiological changes, clinical manifestations, and treatment response, and the characteristics of the course differ depending on the type of pathogen.

[0325] In the technical solution of this embodiment, patients are grouped according to their age, disease stage, and other type information, which fully considers the characteristics and differences of different types of patients. Through group analysis, a more accurate correlation can be established for the characteristics of pneumonia patients of different users, thereby improving the accuracy of diagnosis.

[0326] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the processing method of diagnostic data in this application. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the protection scope of this application.

[0327] This application provides a diagnostic data processing apparatus, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the diagnostic data processing method in Embodiment 1 described above.

[0328] In an optional embodiment, the diagnostic data processing device includes an audio acquisition module, a memory, a processor, and a diagnostic data processing program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The diagnostic data processing program is executed by the processor in the following steps:

[0329] The system acquires auscultation sounds from the heart and lungs collected by the acquisition device, as well as descriptions of TCM diagnostic standards received through an interactive interface; it determines Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the auscultation sounds from the heart and lungs, and associates TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic standards description and Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators; and it generates and outputs TCM medication recommendations corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or TCM syndrome differentiation.

[0330] In an optional embodiment, when the processor invokes the processing program for diagnostic data stored in memory, it also performs the following steps:

[0331] The signal features of auscultation sounds from the heart and lungs are extracted. These signal features include at least one of the following: time-domain features, frequency-domain features, time-frequency features, and perceptual features. The time-domain features include at least one of the following: amplitude envelope, zero-crossing rate, energy, root mean square energy, peak amplitude, and autocorrelation function. The frequency-domain features include at least one of the following: spectral centroid, spectral bandwidth, spectral spread, spectral flatness, spectral roll-off point, spectral flux, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, chromaticity features, and pitch profile features. The time-frequency features include at least one of the following: spectrogram, constant Q-transform, and wavelet transform coefficients. The perceptual features include at least one of the following: loudness, pitch, and timbre.

[0332] Based on signal characteristics, Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators are determined. These indicators include at least one of the following characteristics from auscultation: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent, or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, or silent chest sounds.

[0333] In an optional embodiment, when the processor invokes the processing program for diagnostic data stored in memory, it also performs the following steps:

[0334] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators contain dense fine moist rales accompanied by coarse moist rales and changes in breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as a diagnosis of phlegm-heat accumulation, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome.

[0335] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include dense fine moist rales within the preset lung range, as well as tubular breath sounds and decreased breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of intense heat and toxicity, obstructing the lung collaterals, and scorching the body fluids to form phlegm, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be the syndrome of heat and toxicity obstructing the lungs.

[0336] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show coarse breath sounds in the early stage and moist rales in the later stage, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the following: external cold binding the lungs, lung qi failing to disperse, cold evil entering the interior and transforming into heat and generating phlegm, or cold phlegm obstructing the lungs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-cold lung obstruction syndrome.

[0337] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include coarse breath sounds, dense moist rales and wheezing, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of wind-heat evil burning body fluids into phlegm and obstructing the airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be wind-heat lung obstruction syndrome.

[0338] When the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine show a decrease or disappearance of moist rales and normal breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes the condition as "the phlegm and turbidity are gradually disappearing, but the yin deficiency and internal heat are not cleared", the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be yin deficiency and lung heat syndrome.

[0339] When there are no rales or occasional moist rales in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as one of the following: lung and spleen qi deficiency, weak transportation and transformation, lingering phlegm, and internal generation of phlegm and dampness, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be lung and spleen qi deficiency syndrome.

[0340] In an optional embodiment, when the processor invokes the processing program for diagnostic data stored in memory, it also performs the following steps:

[0341] When moist rales are present in lung sounds in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of water retention invading the lungs, accompanied by aversion to cold and cold limbs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome.

[0342] When moist rales are present in lung sounds in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of blood stasis and water retention accompanied by shortness of breath and fatigue, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency, blood stasis and water retention syndrome.

[0343] When moist rales are present in lung sounds in the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe obvious sputum rattling sounds accompanied by cough and sputum, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid obstructing the lungs syndrome.

[0344] When the diastolic gallop rhythm is present in the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine, and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as palpitations and anxiety, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the following: Qi-type heart syndrome, Yang deficiency syndrome, and Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome.

[0345] When the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area is accentuated in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as blood stasis and phlegm accumulation, accompanied by cyanosis, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm and blood stasis mutually obstructing the lung collaterals.

[0346] When the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area is accentuated in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as mild accentuation accompanied by shortness of breath, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be cardiopulmonary qi deficiency syndrome.

[0347] When a systolic murmur in the apex area is present in the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine, and the diagnostic standard of traditional Chinese medicine describes it as blood stasis leading to changes in the structure of the heart, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.

[0348] When a systolic murmur is present in the apex of the heart in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as a diagnosis of impaired cardiac function and structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the later stages of Yang deficiency and water retention syndrome.

[0349] In an optional embodiment, when the processor invokes the processing program for diagnostic data stored in memory, it also performs the following steps:

[0350] When high-pitched, sharp, and widespread wheezing is present in Western medicine's quantitative diagnostic indicators, it is determined that the TCM syndrome differentiation is one of wind-phlegm asthma or cold asthma.

[0351] When loud, rough wheezing sounds are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, accompanied by coarse breathing sounds, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be heat asthma.

[0352] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show a weak or relatively localized wheezing sound in the early stage, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency wheezing and cold-enveloped heat wheezing.

[0353] When the respiratory phase of breath sounds is prolonged in the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as lung qi stagnation and impaired descending function, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency asthma.

[0354] When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include silent chest, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as one of the diagnostic descriptions of phlegm obstructing the lung orifices to the extreme and yang qi suddenly collapsing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, early stage of heat asthma, and severe deficiency asthma.

[0355] When moist rales are present in the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine, and the diagnostic standard of traditional Chinese medicine is described as thin fluid secretions in the airway, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid retention.

[0356] When dry rales are present in the quantitative diagnostic indicators of Western medicine, and the diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese medicine describe it as one of the following: thick secretions and narrowing of the large airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, heat asthma, or cold-encased asthma.

[0357] The following is for reference. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of a diagnostic data processing device suitable for implementing embodiments of this application. The diagnostic data processing device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, terminals such as wearable devices, electronic stethoscopes, and audio acquisition devices. Figure 7The diagnostic data processing device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0358] like Figure 7 As shown, the diagnostic data processing device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory (RAM) 1004. The RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the diagnostic data processing device. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to the I / O interface 1006: an input device 1007 including, for example, a touchscreen, a touchpad, etc.; an output device 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; a storage device 1003; and a communication device 1009. The communication device 1009 allows the diagnostic data processing device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although the figure shows diagnostic data processing devices with various systems, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all of the systems shown. More or fewer systems may be implemented alternatively.

[0359] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0360] The diagnostic data processing device provided in this application, employing the diagnostic data processing method described in the above embodiments, can provide strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation based on auscultation sounds. TCM relies heavily on and integrates auscultation results when diagnosing and treating diseases, using them as one of the key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the diagnostic data processing device provided in this application are the same as those of the diagnostic data processing method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of this diagnostic data processing device are the same as those disclosed in the previous embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0361] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0362] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0363] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the diagnostic data processing method in the above embodiments.

[0364] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, radio frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0365] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in a diagnostic data processing device; or it may exist independently and not be assembled into a diagnostic data processing device.

[0366] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs. When these programs are executed by the diagnostic data processing device, the device provides strong objective evidence and quantitative references for TCM syndrome differentiation, particularly for conditions such as childhood pneumonia, bronchial asthma, and chronic heart failure, by establishing the relationship between Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM syndrome differentiation. TCM relies heavily on and integrates auscultation results when diagnosing and treating patients, using them as key criteria for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis. Simultaneously, by establishing the relationship between Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and TCM syndrome differentiation, the device rapidly diagnoses and determines the TCM syndrome differentiation corresponding to the cardiopulmonary auscultation signals and the corresponding TCM medication recommendations, improving the speed of diagnosis and the timeliness of treatment.

[0367] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0368] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0369] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0370] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described diagnostic data processing method. This program provides strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation based on auscultatory sounds. TCM relies heavily on and integrates auscultation results when diagnosing and treating diseases, using them as one of the key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the diagnostic data processing method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0371] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the diagnostic data processing method described above.

[0372] The computer program product provided in this application can provide strong objective evidence and quantitative reference for TCM syndrome differentiation based on auscultation sounds. TCM relies heavily on and integrates auscultation results when diagnosing and treating diseases, using them as one of the key bases for syndrome differentiation, prescription selection, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided in this application are the same as those of the diagnostic data processing method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0373] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for processing diagnostic data, characterized in that, The method includes: The process involves acquiring auscultation sounds of the heart and lungs collected by a data acquisition device, and receiving a description of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnostic standards based on an interactive interface; determining Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the auscultation sounds of the heart and lungs, and associating TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic standards description and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators. The step of determining the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators based on the auscultation sounds of the heart and lungs includes: The signal features of the auscultation sound signal from the heart and lungs are extracted. These signal features include at least one of time-domain features, frequency-domain features, time-frequency features, and perceptual features. The time-domain features include at least one of amplitude envelope, zero-crossing rate, energy, root mean square energy, peak amplitude, and autocorrelation function. The frequency-domain features include at least one of spectral centroid, spectral bandwidth, spectral spread, spectral flatness, spectral roll-off point, spectral flux, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients, chromaticity features, and pitch profile features. The time-frequency features include at least one of spectrogram, constant Q-transform, and wavelet transform coefficients. The perceptual features include at least one of loudness, pitch, and timbre. Based on these signal features, the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators are determined. These indicators include at least one of the following characteristics of the auscultation sound: fine moist rales, coarse moist rales, wheezing, decreased, absent, or prolonged breath sounds, tubular breath sounds, heart sounds, and silent chest. The heart sounds include one of the following: diastolic gallop rhythm, accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and systolic murmur in the apex area. The steps for linking TCM diagnostic standards and Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators to TCM syndrome differentiation include: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include dense fine moist rales accompanied by coarse moist rales and changes in breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as a case of phlegm-heat accumulation, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome; when the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include dense fine moist rales within a predetermined lung area, as well as tubular breath sounds and decreased breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as a case of intense heat-toxin, obstruction of lung channels, and scorching of body fluids to form phlegm, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be toxic-heat obstructing the lungs syndrome; when the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include coarse breath sounds in the early stage and moist rales in the later stage, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as a case of external cold binding the lungs, impaired lung qi, cold evil entering the interior to transform into heat and generate phlegm, and cold phlegm obstructing the lungs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be a case of wind-cold obstructing the lungs syndrome; when the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include When there are coarse breath sounds, dense moist rales and wheezing, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as one of the following: wind-heat evil scorching body fluids into phlegm, obstructing the airways, the TCM syndrome type is determined to be wind-heat obstructing the lungs. When the moist rales in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators decrease or disappear, and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as phlegm gradually clearing, but yin deficiency and internal heat not being cleared, the TCM syndrome type is determined to be yin deficiency and lung heat. When there are no rales or occasional moist rales in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the breath sounds are normal, and the TCM diagnostic criteria describe it as one of the following: lung and spleen qi deficiency, weak transportation and transformation, residual phlegm not being cleared, and internal generation of phlegm and dampness, the TCM syndrome type is determined to be lung and spleen qi deficiency. Based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome type, a TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnostic results is generated and output.

2. The diagnostic data processing method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation includes: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to moist rales, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis results is determined to include expectorant Chinese medicine. When wheezing is present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnostic results, the TCM medication recommendations corresponding to the diagnostic results include Chinese medicines that relieve asthma, open the lungs, and resolve phlegm. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to decreased breath sounds or tubular breath sounds, the TCM medication recommendations corresponding to the diagnosis results include TCM herbs that promote lung function and clear heat and detoxify. If the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to the disappearance of auscultatory sounds during the recovery period, then the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis results is determined to include TCM herbs that nourish Yin and clear the lungs or strengthen the spleen and replenish the lungs.

3. The diagnostic data processing method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of associating TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic standards and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators includes: When moist rales are present in the lung sounds among the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as one of the diagnostic descriptions of water retention invading the lungs, accompanied by aversion to cold and cold limbs, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome. When moist rales are present in the lung sounds among the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as blood stasis and water retention, accompanied by shortness of breath and fatigue, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency, blood stasis and water retention syndrome. When moist rales are present in the lung sounds among the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as obvious rales accompanied by cough and sputum, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid obstructing the lungs syndrome. When the diastolic gallop rhythm is present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the TCM diagnosis standard is described as palpitations, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the following: Qi-type heart syndrome, Yang deficiency syndrome, and Yang deficiency with water retention syndrome. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as blood stasis and phlegm accumulation accompanied by cyanosis, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm and blood stasis mutually obstructing the lung collaterals. When the second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area is accentuated in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as mild accentuation accompanied by shortness of breath, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be cardiopulmonary qi deficiency syndrome. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include a systolic murmur in the apex area, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as blood stasis leading to changes in the heart structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include a systolic murmur in the apex area, and the TCM diagnostic standard describes it as a diagnosis of impaired cardiac function and structure, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the later stages of Yang deficiency and water retention syndrome.

4. The diagnostic data processing method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation includes: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to moist rales, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis results is determined to include TCM for emergency diuresis. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to the diastolic gallop rhythm, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis results is determined to include TCM herbs that greatly replenish vital energy. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to an accentuated second heart sound in the pulmonary valve area, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis results is determined to include expectorant Chinese medicine.

5. The diagnostic data processing method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of associating TCM syndrome differentiation with the TCM diagnostic standards and the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators includes: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators contain high-pitched, sharp, and widespread wheezing, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be either wind-phlegm asthma or cold asthma. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include loud and rough wheezing sounds, accompanied by coarse breathing sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of the heat asthma types. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators show a faint or relatively localized wheezing sound in the early stage, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as airway spasm and narrowing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency wheezing and cold-enveloped heat wheezing. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include prolonged respiratory phase of breath sounds, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as lung qi stagnation and impaired descending function, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be deficiency asthma. When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators include silent chest, and the TCM diagnosis standard is described as one of the diagnosis descriptions of phlegm obstructing the lung orifices to the extreme and yang qi suddenly collapsing, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, early stage of heat asthma, and severe deficiency asthma. When moist rales are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and the TCM diagnostic standard is described as a diagnosis of thin fluid secretions in the airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be phlegm-fluid retention. When dry rales are present in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators, and the TCM diagnostic criteria are described as having thick secretions and narrowing of the large airways, the TCM syndrome differentiation is determined to be one of wind-phlegm asthma, heat asthma, or cold-encased asthma.

6. The method for processing diagnostic data as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of generating and outputting a TCM medication recommendation scheme corresponding to the diagnostic results based on the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation includes: When the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnosis results correspond to high-pitched wheezing, the TCM medication recommendation plan corresponding to the diagnosis results is determined to include TCM herbs that dispel wind and eliminate phlegm. When a loud wheezing sound is found in the Western medicine quantitative diagnostic indicators and / or the TCM syndrome differentiation diagnostic results, the TCM medication recommendation corresponding to the diagnostic results is determined to include Chinese herbal medicines for clearing heat and resolving phlegm.

7. A diagnostic data processing device, characterized in that, The diagnostic data processing device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the diagnostic data processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the diagnostic data processing method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images