Positioning and guiding device

Abstract

The positioning and guiding device is used for knee joint osteotomy and comprises an osteotomy guide plate, an adjusting assembly and a tracing frame, and the osteotomy guide plate is provided with an osteotomy guide groove used for guiding the direction of a saw blade; the adjusting assembly comprises a positioning base, a connector and three adjusting units, the positioning base is used for being connected with a target skeleton, the adjusting assembly is detachably connected with the osteotomy guide plate through the connector, and the three adjusting units are connected in series between the positioning base and the connector; the adjusting module is used for adjusting the position and posture of the osteotomy guide plate relative to a target bone so as to adjust the osteotomy amount, the forward-backward inclination angle and the inward-outward turning angle of an osteotomy surface, and the osteotomy surface is a plane to be guided and cut by the osteotomy guide groove; the tracing frame is used for being detachably connected with the osteotomy guide plate and indicating the position of the osteotomy guide plate in the operation space during connection. The defects of a traditional operation scheme and an operation scheme assisted by a mechanical arm in the prior art are overcome, positioning accuracy is guaranteed, and economical efficiency and reliability are both considered.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a positioning and guiding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In traditional total knee arthroplasty (TKA), intramedullary positioning technology is usually used for positioning the distal femur osteotomy, and extramedullary positioning guide plate is used for positioning the tibial osteotomy. On the one hand, the intramedullary positioning technology has the problem of precision deterioration caused by the deviation of the needle insertion point, insufficient or excessive reaming, rod bending deformation, etc. On the other hand, the femur reaming causes great trauma, increasing the risk of blood loss and fat embolism syndrome and other complications related to the marrow cavity. Moreover, the extramedullary positioning guide plate is positioned by the surface features, and its accuracy depends on the experience of the surgeon, and is easily affected by factors such as subcutaneous fat, muscle tension, fixation stability, etc., and the precision is relatively poor, especially in obese patients or cases with significant deformity.

[0003] In current robotic total knee arthroplasty, a mechanical arm with an end effector or an osteotomy guide plate is usually used to run to the target pose under navigation assistance, and then the osteotomy is completed by manual assistance. The precision is higher than that of traditional surgery, but due to the introduction of a multi-axis mechanical arm system, its structure is complex and the cost is high, which limits its promotion and application. SUMMARY

[0004] The present disclosure provides a positioning and guiding device, which solves the defects of traditional surgical schemes and surgical schemes assisted by mechanical arms in the prior art, ensures positioning accuracy, and also takes into account economy and reliability.

[0005] The present disclosure provides a positioning and guiding device for knee osteotomy, which comprises an osteotomy guide plate, an adjusting assembly, and a tracking frame. The osteotomy guide plate is provided with an osteotomy guiding groove for guiding the direction of the saw blade. The adjusting assembly comprises a positioning base, an interface, and three adjusting units. The positioning base is used to connect with the target bone, the adjusting assembly is detachably connected with the osteotomy guide plate through the interface, and the three adjusting units are connected in series between the positioning base and the interface, used to adjust the pose of the osteotomy guide plate relative to the target bone to adjust the osteotomy amount, the front-back inclination angle, and the varus-valgus angle of the osteotomy surface. The osteotomy surface is the plane to be cut by the osteotomy guiding groove. The tracking frame is used to detachably connect with the osteotomy guide plate and indicate the position of the osteotomy guide plate in the surgical space when connected.

[0006] Based on the foregoing embodiment, in a first alternative implementation, the three adjusting units are respectively an osteotomy amount adjusting unit, a front-back inclination angle adjusting unit, and a varus-valgus angle adjusting unit. The osteotomy amount adjusting unit is a linear movement structure, and the front-back inclination angle adjusting unit and the varus-valgus angle adjusting unit are both rotary locking structures.

[0007] In the second alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the linear movement structure is a screw-nut structure, a guide rail and slider structure, or a gear and rack structure, and the rotation locking structure is a nut locking structure or a worm and gear locking structure.

[0008] In the third alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the osteotomy amount adjustment unit includes a guide rail, a slider, and a locking switch, the guide rail is fixedly connected to the positioning base, the slider is clamped to and partially enveloped by the guide rail, and the locking switch is used to position or unlock the position of the slider relative to the guide rail.

[0009] In the fourth alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the locking switch includes a locking plate, a first locking knob, and a compression spring, the locking plate is hingedly connected to the slider, one end of the locking rod is protruded and abuts against the guide rail, the other end is threadedly connected to the first locking knob, and the compression spring is sleeved on the first locking knob and supported between the locking plate and the slider.

[0010] In the fifth alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the front and rear inclination angle adjustment unit includes a rotating platform and a second locking knob, the rotating platform is arranged above the slider and includes an “L” shaped main body and a fixing plate arranged on the side surface of the main body, the main body includes a first segment and a second segment, the first segment is hingedly connected to the slider at the end thereof, the first axis direction of the hinge is perpendicular to the direction in which the slider moves relative to the guide rail, the fixing plate is arranged on the side surface of the second segment, the first arc-shaped hole is arranged on the fixing plate, and the second locking knob is threadedly connected to the side surface of the slider through the arc-shaped hole.

[0011] In the sixth alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the internal and external rotation angle adjustment unit includes a rotating plate and a third locking knob, the rotating plate is arranged above the rotating platform and is attached to the second segment, one end of the rotating plate is hingedly connected to the second segment, the second axis direction of the hinge is perpendicular to the first axis direction and the direction in which the slider moves relative to the guide rail, the other end of the rotating plate is provided with a second arc-shaped hole, and the third locking knob is threadedly connected to the second segment through the second arc-shaped hole.

[0012] In the seventh alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the interface is a clamping block, the osteotomy guide plate is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block, the size of the opening of the clamping groove is smaller than the size of the bottom of the clamping groove, and the fourth locking knob is arranged on the clamping block and threadedly connected to the clamping block and abuts against the bottom of the clamping groove through the clamping block.

[0013] In the eighth alternative implementation based on the foregoing implementation, the osteotomy guide plate further includes a positioning frame mounting hole and a fixation needle mounting hole, the positioning frame mounting hole is used to connect a positioning frame, and the fixation needle mounting hole is used to pass a fixation needle to position the osteotomy guide plate to a target bone.

[0014] In the ninth optional implementation based on the foregoing embodiments, a positioning member is further included for assisting in installation of the quadruple guide plate, the positioning member includes a rod portion and a plane portion, the rod portion is perpendicular to the plane portion, the positioning member is provided with a through hole penetrating through the rod portion and the plane portion, the through hole is used for drilling guide, the upper side of the rod portion is used for installing a tracing frame, and the plane portion is used for abutting against a bone plane and / or being inserted into a bone cutting groove of the quadruple guide plate to calibrate the quadruple guide plate.

[0015] The positioning and guiding device provided by the present disclosure can realize fine adjustment of anteversion, retroversion, internal rotation, external rotation and bone cutting amount through the manual adjustment mechanism by adjusting the adjusting assembly and the bone cutting guide plate. Moreover, the bone cutting guide plate is detachably connected to the adjusting assembly, after positioning, the adjusting assembly can be quickly detached, and only the bone cutting guide plate is left to complete the bone cutting of the distal femur and the tibial plateau, which takes into account reliability and operation convenience. Through the setting of the tracing frame, the traditional surgery and the robot surgery scheme are combined, and through navigation guidance, accurate surgery planning and bone cutting positioning are provided, which takes into account the surgery precision and the economy of the surgery scheme implementation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a state in which the positioning and guiding device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is installed on a tibia;

[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a state in which the positioning and guiding device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is installed on a femur;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure of the bone cutting guide plate and the adjusting assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure of the bone cutting guide plate and the adjusting assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a structure of the bone cutting guide plate and the adjusting assembly of the embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 3 ;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure of the three adjusting units of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a structure of the bone cutting amount adjusting unit of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a structure of the locking plate of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a structure of the rotating platform of the embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] Figure 10A schematic view of a rotating plate structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0026] Figure 11 A schematic view of an osteotomy guide plate structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 1

[0027] Figure 12 A schematic view of an osteotomy guide plate structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure Figure 2

[0028] Figure 13 A schematic view of a positioning frame mounted on a positioning member structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0029] Figure 14 A schematic view of a positioning frame structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0030] Figure 15 A schematic view of a positioning member structure of an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0031] Figure 16 A schematic view of a positioning member and a tracer frame used for drilling guide of an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0032] Figure 17 A schematic view of a positioning member and a tracer frame used for four-in-one guide plate calibration of an embodiment of the present disclosure

[0033] Reference signs: 1-osteotomy guide plate, 11-osteotomy guide groove, 12-clamping groove, 13-fourth locking knob, 14-solid part, 2-adjusting assembly, 21-positioning base, 211-first positioning part, 212-second positioning part, 213-third positioning part, 214-positioning hole, 22-interface, 23-osteotomy amount adjusting unit, 231-guide rail, 232-sliding block, 233-locking plate, 2331-abutment end, 2332-locking end, 2333-first hinged shaft, 234-first locking knob, 235-pressing spring, 24-fore-aft inclination angle adjusting unit, 241-rotating platform, 2411-main body, 2412-fixing plate, 2413-first arc-shaped hole, 242-second locking knob, 25-in-out turning angle adjusting unit, 251-rotating plate, 2511-second arc-shaped hole, 252-third locking knob, 3-tracer frame, 31-tracing part, 32-mounting part, 4-four-in-one guide plate, 5-positioning member, 51-rod part, 52-flat part, 53-through hole, 6-indication mark DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] ​​The features and exemplary embodiments of the various aspects of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. For the purpose of clarity, the description is divided into the following sections: technical scheme, technical effects, and specific embodiments. The technical scheme section describes the technical solutions of the present disclosure. The technical effects section describes the technical effects of the present disclosure. The specific embodiments section describes the specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The description of the specific embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure through showing examples of the present disclosure.

[0035] It should be noted that the relational terms herein, such as first and second, are used solely to distinguish one from another entity or action, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without more limitations, an element defined by an "comprising" statement is not meant to exclude the existence of additional elements of the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the elements.

[0036] The present disclosure provides a positioning and guiding device for knee osteotomy, comprising an osteotomy guide plate, an adjusting assembly, and a tracking frame. The osteotomy guide plate is provided with an osteotomy guiding groove for guiding the direction of a saw blade. The adjusting assembly comprises a positioning base, an interface, and three adjusting units. The positioning base is used to connect with a target bone. The adjusting assembly is detachably connected with the osteotomy guide plate through the interface. The three adjusting units are connected in series between the positioning base and the interface, and are used to adjust the pose of the osteotomy guide plate relative to the target bone to adjust the osteotomy amount, the front-back inclination angle, and the medial-lateral rotation angle of an osteotomy surface. The osteotomy surface is the plane to be cut by the osteotomy guiding groove. The tracking frame is used to detachably connect with the osteotomy guide plate and indicate the position of the osteotomy guide plate in a surgical space when connected.

[0037] As Figures 1-17As shown, in knee replacement surgery, the positioning guide device is used to assist the installation and positioning of the traditional four-in-one guide plate 4 under the positioning of the navigation system. Among them, the traditional four-in-one guide plate 4 is an osteotomy guide plate 1 with four or more osteotomy guide grooves 11, which is used to be fixed to the target bone and assist the anterior condyle, posterior condyle, anterior slope, and posterior slope osteotomy on the femoral side. The traditional four-in-one guide plate 4 can be positioned and installed by means of the femoral distal osteotomy plane that has completed osteotomy, and the accuracy of the femoral distal osteotomy plane has a great influence on the accuracy of subsequent osteotomy and the fitting degree of prosthesis installation. The positioning guide device of the present application realizes accurate osteotomy guiding of the femoral distal osteotomy plane / tibial proximal osteotomy plane, and completes the pre-assisted work of installing the traditional four-in-one guide plate 4.

[0038] In clinical surgery, due to the different bone conditions and lesion conditions of each patient, a personalized surgical plan will be developed for each patient before surgery. The difference in surgical plan will lead to different positions and angles of the patient's target osteotomy surface. Osteotomy guiding without relying on a mechanical arm needs to be placed manually, and under the assistance of a navigation system, the position of the positioning guide device needs to be placed accurately to achieve accurate osteotomy, which also needs to be adjusted multiple times. The adjustment process may need to fix the positioning guide device to the target bone to determine whether the positioning is ideal, which may damage the patient's bone. In addition, if the positioning guide device is positioned on the target bone once relying on the doctor's experience and the navigation system, it may cause errors in the installation position of the positioning guide device, leading to unsatisfactory osteotomy and subsequent prosthesis installation.

[0039] The positioning guide device designed in the present application can be finely adjusted in front and back inclination, internal and external rotation, and osteotomy amount through the adjustment assembly 2 and the setting of the osteotomy guide plate 1. Moreover, the osteotomy guide plate 1 can be detachably connected to the adjustment assembly 2, and after positioning, the adjustment assembly 2 can be quickly detached, leaving only the osteotomy guide plate 1 to complete the osteotomy of the femoral distal end and the tibial platform, taking into account reliability and operational convenience. Through the setting of the tracking frame 3, the traditional surgery is combined with the robot surgery scheme, and through navigation guidance, accurate surgical planning and osteotomy positioning are provided, taking into account the surgical precision and the economy of the surgical scheme implementation.

[0040] As shown, Figures 3-6 Among them, the three adjustment units are an osteotomy amount adjustment unit 23, a front and back inclination angle adjustment unit 24, and an internal and external rotation angle adjustment unit 25. The osteotomy amount adjustment unit 23 is a linear movement structure, and the front and back inclination angle adjustment unit 24 and the internal and external rotation angle adjustment unit 25 are both rotary locking structures.

[0041] It is easy to understand that when the positioning guide is connected to the target bone through the positioning base 21, the osteotomy guide plate 1 is connected to the target bone through the three adjustment units, but at this time the position of the osteotomy guide groove 11 of the osteotomy guide plate 1 is not the ideal position, and the position of the osteotomy guide groove 11 needs to be adjusted through the three adjustment units to ensure the accuracy of the femoral distal end or tibial proximal end osteotomy surface guide.

[0042] The osteotomy amount adjustment unit 23 includes a guide rail 231, a sliding block 232, and a locking switch. The guide rail 231 is fixedly connected with the positioning base 21, the sliding block 232 is buckled and semi-enveloped in the guide rail 231, and the locking switch is used to position or unlock the position of the sliding block 232 relative to the guide rail 231. The locking switch includes a locking plate 233, a first locking knob 234, and a compression spring 235. The locking plate 233 is hinged with the sliding block 232, one end of the locking rod is protruded and abuts against the guide rail 231, the other end is threadedly connected with the first locking knob 234, and the compression spring 235 is sleeved on the first locking knob 234 and supported between the locking plate 233 and the sliding block 232.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 The positioning base 21 includes three prongs, including a first positioning portion 211, a second positioning portion 212, and a third positioning portion 213 extending in three directions. The second positioning portion 212 and the third positioning portion 213 are both provided with a positioning hole 214 at the end for fixing the positioning base 21 to the target bone, and the positioning hole 214 is used for screwing. The surface below the positioning hole 214 at the end of the three positioning portions close to the bone is provided with a corrugated tooth, which is used to contact the target bone, so that the contact and positioning effect is more stable. Taking the case that the positioning base 21 is fixed to the femur, the first positioning portion 211 is used to contact the front side of the femur, and the second positioning portion 212 and the third positioning portion 213 are respectively fixed to the left and right condyles of the femur. The extending directions of the second positioning portion 212 and the third positioning portion 213 are opposite, and the two positioning portions are slightly arc-shaped. This slightly arc-shaped structure can better match the structure of the bone surface. In some alternative embodiments, the positioning base 21 can not be three-pronged, but can be planar, curved, or other shapes. In another alternative embodiment, in addition to providing two positioning holes 214, the positioning hole 214 used for screwing the positioning base 21 to the target bone can be provided with three or more.

[0044] Continuing to refer to Figures 3-6The guide rail 231 of the bone-cutting amount adjusting unit 23 is fixed with the positioning base 21, and the length direction of the guide rail 231 is the same as the extending direction of the first positioning part 211. The cross section of the guide rail 231 in the length direction is a "convex" shape with the convex part facing downward, and a slope is arranged at the corner of one side of the guide rail 231 to ensure the smoothness of the guide rail 231 and provide an easily identifiable direction for the cooperation between the guide rail 231 and the sliding block 232, facilitating the combined installation. The sliding block 232 is hollow and fits with the outer circumferential surface of the guide rail 231 to be semi-enclosed in the guide rail 231, and the convex part of the guide rail 231 is exposed after the enclosure.

[0045] The locking switch is arranged on the side of the sliding block 232 and includes a locking plate 233 arranged along the length direction of the sliding block 232, as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 8 The locking plate 233 includes an abutting end 2331 and a locking end 2332, and the abutting end 2331 is a semicircular curved convex part for contacting the guide rail 231 through the sliding block 232. A first hinge shaft 2333 is arranged through the locking plate 233 near the abutting end 2331, and the first hinge shaft 2333 matches with the hinge hole arranged on the side of the sliding block 232. The locking end 2332 is provided with a first locking knob 234 which is threadedly connected with the locking plate 233. A compression spring 235 is sleeved on the first locking knob 234 and located between the locking plate 233 and the sliding block 232. In use, because the initial state of the spring is compressed, the locking end 2332 of the locking plate 233 is pushed outwards, the abutting end 2331 is contacted with the guide rail 231 through the prying of the first hinge shaft 2333 and has a certain initial pressure, and under the action of the pressure, the position of the sliding block 232 and the guide rail can be relatively fixed, but because the force is exerted by the compression spring 235, the position of the sliding block 232 relative to the guide rail 231 can be changed by pushing the sliding block 232 to overcome the friction force generated by the pressure. If the position of the sliding block 232 relative to the guide rail 231 is adjusted, the abutting end 2331 can be pressed more by rotating the first locking knob 234 to move the locking plate 233 and the sliding block 232 away from each other, so as to realize the stable fixation of the sliding block 232 and the guide rail 231. Through such an arrangement, the sliding block 232 and the guide rail 231 can be first ensured not to be easily separated by the action of the compression spring 235, and then the relative position of the sliding block 232 and the guide rail 231 can be determined before the final fixation of the sliding block 232 and the guide rail 231 by the first locking knob 234. In some optional embodiments, the compression spring 235 can not be arranged and only the first locking knob 234 can be arranged for fixation. In another optional embodiment, the sliding block 232 and the guide rail 231 can be locked by a cam knob.

[0046] The front and rear inclination angle adjusting unit 24 includes a rotating platform 241 and a second locking knob 242, and the rotating platform 241 is arranged above the sliding block 232, as shown in FIG. 7.Figure 9 As shown, the rotating platform 241 comprises an "L" shaped main body 2411 and a fixing plate 2412 arranged on the side of the main body 2411, the main body 2411 comprises a first segment and a second segment, the end of the first segment is hinged to the slider 232, the first axis direction of the hinge is perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the slider 232 relative to the guide rail 231, the fixing plate 2412 is arranged on the side of the second segment, and the first arc-shaped hole 2413 is arranged on the fixing plate 2412, and the second locking knob 242 is screwed to the side of the slider 232 through the arc-shaped hole.

[0047] The front-back inclination angle adjusting unit 24 is arranged above the slider 232, a connecting part is arranged above the slider 232, the first segment of the main body 2411 of the rotating platform 241 is hinged to the connecting part, the second segment is perpendicular to the first segment, and the length of the second segment is greater than that of the first segment. The first axis direction of the hinge is horizontally arranged and is perpendicular to the direction of the movement of the slider 232 relative to the guide rail 231. Through such an arrangement, the angle between the plane where the second segment is located and the upper surface of the slider 232 can be changed. The fixing plate 2412 is perpendicular to the side of the second segment and is attached to the side of the slider 232, the first arc-shaped hole 2413 on the fixing plate 2412 is centered on the axis where the rotating platform 241 and the connecting part are hinged, and when the main body 2411 of the rotating platform 241 rotates, the fixing plate 2412 slides while being attached to the side of the slider 232. The second locking knob 242 is arranged on the side of the slider 232, and the second locking knob 242 is screwed to the side of the slider 232 through the arc-shaped hole. When the second locking knob is locked, the fixing plate 2412 is pressed to be attached to the side of the slider 232 to fix the angle of the rotating platform 241 relative to the slider 232.

[0048] The inner-outer rotation angle adjusting unit comprises a rotating plate 251 and a third locking knob 252, the rotating plate 251 is arranged above the rotating platform 241 and is attached to the second segment, as Figure 10 As shown in the structure diagram of the rotating plate, one end of the rotating plate 251 is hinged to the second segment, the second axis direction of the hinge is perpendicular to the first axis direction and the direction of the movement of the slider 232 relative to the guide rail 231, the other end of the rotating plate 251 is provided with a second arc-shaped hole 2511, and the third locking knob 252 is screwed to the second segment through the second arc-shaped hole 2511.

[0049] The inner-outer rotation angle adjusting unit is arranged above the rotating platform 241, the rotating plate 251 is attached to the second segment, one end of the rotating plate 251 is connected with the interface 22, and the other end of the rotating plate 251 is bolted with the second segment at a position close to the one end, and the rotating plate 251 can rotate around the bolt as the axis. The axis of rotation is perpendicular to the direction of the first axis and perpendicular to the length direction of the guide rail 231. The other end of the rotating plate 251 is provided with a second arc-shaped hole 2511, and the second arc-shaped hole 2511 is centered on the bolt. The third locking knob 252 passes through the arc-shaped hole and is threadedly connected with the second segment. After the rotating plate 251 is rotated to adjust the angle, the third locking knob 252 can fix the angle position of the rotating plate 251 relative to the rotating platform 241 by pressing force.

[0050] As shown in Figures 3-6 The interface 22 is a clamping block, and the osteotomy guide plate 1 is provided with a clamping groove 12 matched with the clamping block. The size of the opening of the clamping groove 12 is smaller than the size of the bottom of the clamping groove 12. The clamping block is further provided with a fourth locking knob 13, which is threadedly connected with the clamping block and can abut against the bottom of the clamping groove 12 through the clamping block.

[0051] The interface 22 is used to connect the osteotomy guide plate 1 to the positioning base 21. The interface 22 is a clamping block structure, which is connected with the clamping groove 12 by plug-in connection and is fixed by a bolt perpendicular to the plug-in direction. The fourth locking knob 13 passing through the clamping block abuts against the bottom of the clamping groove 12, which is used to limit the movement of the clamping block and the clamping groove 12 along the plug-in direction, so as to realize the fixed connection of the interface 22 and the osteotomy guide plate 1.

[0052] The osteotomy guide plate 1 is fixed to the positioning base 21 through the adjusting assembly 2. Thus, during the operation, the osteotomy guide plate 1 can be first positioned to the target bone through the adjusting assembly 2, and then the position of the osteotomy guide plate 1 in the operation space is tracked in combination with the installation of the tracking frame 3 and the navigation system. According to the ideal position of the osteotomy guide plate 1 planned in the preoperative operation, the osteotomy amount adjusting unit 23, the front-rear inclination angle adjusting unit 24 and the inner-outer rotation angle adjusting unit are used to realize the placement of the osteotomy guide plate 1 in the ideal position in the operation space. After the osteotomy guide plate 1 is placed in the ideal position, the three adjusting units are locked, and then the osteotomy guide plate 1 is fixed to the target bone. The precise osteotomy can be realized by passing the osteotomy guide groove 11 of the osteotomy guide plate 1 through the hand-held swing saw.

[0053] The osteotomy guide plate 1 further includes a positioning frame mounting hole and a fixing needle mounting hole. The positioning frame mounting hole is used to connect the tracking frame 3, and the fixing needle mounting hole is used to pass the fixing needle to position the osteotomy guide plate 1 to the target bone.

[0054] Specifically, as shown in Figures 11-12As shown, the osteotomy guide plate 1 comprises an osteotomy guide slot 11 and a solid part 14 arranged at one side of the osteotomy guide slot 11, the solid part 14 is provided with a positioning bracket mounting hole and a fixing pin mounting hole, the axis direction of the positioning bracket mounting hole is parallel to the penetration direction of the osteotomy guide slot 11. The fixing pin mounting hole comprises a plurality of fixing pin mounting holes, including fixing pin mounting holes parallel to the axis direction of the positioning bracket mounting hole, and fixing pin mounting holes inclined relative to the axis of the positioning bracket mounting hole. The positioning bracket mounting hole is used to install a positioning bracket to achieve position tracking and positioning of the osteotomy guide plate 1. The fixing pin mounting hole is used to pass through the fixing pin to independently fix the osteotomy guide plate 1 to the target bone.

[0055] In addition, the positioning guide device further comprises a positioning member 5 for assisting in installing the four-in-one guide plate 4, the positioning member 5 comprises a rod part 51 and a plane part 52, the rod part 51 is perpendicular to the plane part 52, the positioning member 5 is provided with a through hole 53 penetrating the rod part 51 and the plane part 52, the through hole 53 is used for drill guide, and the plane part 52 is used for abutting the bone plane and / or inserting the osteotomy slot of the four-in-one guide plate 4 to calibrate the four-in-one guide plate 4.

[0056] As shown in the drawings, Figures 13-15 The positioning member 5 comprises two detachable parts, i.e. the rod part 51 and the plane part 52. The rod part 51 is a cylindrical rod, which is perpendicular to the plane part 52 during installation. The rod part 51 is internally provided with a through hole 53 for drill guide. When installing the conventional four-in-one guide plate 4, holes need to be drilled on the femur or tibia at corresponding positions to cooperate with the positioning column on the conventional four-in-one guide plate 4 for positioning. The rod part 51 comprises two segments with different outer diameters, the outer diameter of the upper segment is smaller, and the outer diameter of the segment close to the plane part 52 is larger. A step is formed at the transition between the two segments, and the upper segment is used for sleeving the tracking bracket 3 and axially positioned by the step. The plane part 52 comprises two segments with different thicknesses, the thickness of the segment close to the rod part 51 is larger than the thickness of the segment away from the rod part 51. A linear step is formed on the upper surface between the two segments with different thicknesses, and the lower surfaces of the two segments are flush. Through such arrangement, on the one hand, as shown in the drawings, Figure 16 the lower surface of the plane part 52 can be integrally abutted to the distal end of the femur or the tibia plane where the osteotomy is completed, cooperates with the through hole 53 of the rod part 51, the tracking bracket 3 installed thereon and the navigation system to provide accurate guidance for drilling. On the other hand, as shown in the drawings, Figure 17 the thinner segment of the plane part 52 can be inserted into the osteotomy slot of the conventional four-in-one guide plate 4 and combined with the tracking bracket 3 and the navigation system to complete the calibration of the position of the conventional four-in-one guide plate 4.

[0057] As shown in the drawings, Figure 14As shown, the tracking frame 3 comprises a tracking portion 31 and an L-shaped mounting portion 32, and the tracking portion 31 is X-shaped and provided with a plurality of positioning marks for being recognized by a navigation system, and the positioning marks are reflective sheets. Of course, in some alternative embodiments, the positioning marks can be in the form of reflective balls, actively light-emitting electronic components or electromagnetically positionable electronic components, etc. A section of the mounting portion 32 that is attached to the tracking portion 31 is provided with a through hole for sleeving the rod portion 51 of the positioning member 5. Another section is perpendicular to the tracking portion 31 and is used for connecting the tracking frame 3 with the osteotomy guide plate 1 on the positioning and guiding device, and specifically, the section is provided with a hole for connecting with the osteotomy guide plate 1 and a corresponding plug-in column. In use, the tracking frame 3 can be installed on the positioning member 5 to assist in drilling and guiding and traditional four-in-one guide plate 4 calibration, and can also be installed on the osteotomy guide plate 1 to assist in determining the ideal installation position of the osteotomy guide plate 1.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments, the linear movement structure is a lead screw nut structure, a guide rail 231 sliding block 232 structure or a gear and rack structure, and the rotation locking structure is a nut locking structure or a worm and gear locking structure.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the front and rear inclination angle adjustment unit 24 and the medial and lateral inclination angle adjustment unit 25 are provided with angle adjustment indication marks 6, and the adjustment indication marks 6 can be scales, arrows or indication lines.

[0060] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above with general description and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made on the basis of the present disclosure, which is obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these modifications or improvements made on the basis of not deviating from the spirit of the present disclosure are within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A positioning guide for use in knee arthrotomy, characterized in that, The application relates to an osteotomy guide plate and an adjusting assembly thereof. The osteotomy guide plate is provided with an osteotomy guide groove for guiding the direction of a saw blade. The adjusting assembly comprises a positioning base, an interface and three adjusting units, the positioning base is used for being connected with a target bone, the adjusting assembly is detachably connected with the osteotomy guide plate through the interface, the three adjusting units are connected in series between the positioning base and the interface, and the three adjusting units are used for adjusting the pose of the osteotomy guide plate relative to the target bone so as to adjust the osteotomy amount, the front-rear inclination angle and the internal-external rotation angle of an osteotomy surface, the osteotomy surface is a plane to be cut by the osteotomy guide groove. A tracing frame is used for being detachably connected with the osteotomy guide plate and indicating the position of the osteotomy guide plate in a surgical space when being connected.

2. The positioning guide of claim 1, wherein, The three adjusting units are respectively an osteotomy amount adjusting unit, a front-rear inclination angle adjusting unit and an internal-external rotation angle adjusting unit, the osteotomy amount adjusting unit is a linear movement structure, and the front-rear inclination angle adjusting unit and the internal-external rotation angle adjusting unit are both rotary locking structures.

3. The positioning guide of claim 2, wherein, The linear movement structure is a screw nut structure, a guide rail and sliding block structure or a gear and rack structure, and the rotary locking structure is a nut locking structure or a worm and gear locking structure.

4. The positioning guide of claim 2, wherein, The osteotomy amount adjusting unit comprises a guide rail, a sliding block and a locking switch, the guide rail is fixedly connected with the positioning base, the sliding block is buckled and half-enveloped on the guide rail, and the locking switch is used for positioning or unlocking the position of the sliding block relative to the guide rail.

5. The positioning guide of claim 4, wherein, The locking switch comprises a locking plate, a first locking knob and a compression spring, the locking plate is hinged with the sliding block, one end of a locking rod is protruded and abuts against the guide rail, the other end is threadedly connected with the first locking knob, and the compression spring is sleeved on the first locking knob and supported between the locking plate and the sliding block.

6. The positioning guide of claim 4, wherein, The front-rear inclination angle adjusting unit comprises a rotating platform and a second locking knob, the rotating platform is arranged above the sliding block and comprises an "L" shaped main body and a fixing plate arranged on the side surface of the main body, the main body comprises a first section and a second section, the first section is hinged with the sliding block at the end, the first axis direction of the hinge is perpendicular to the direction of the sliding block relative to the guide rail, the fixing plate is arranged on the side surface of the second section, the first arc-shaped hole is arranged on the fixing plate, and the second locking knob is threadedly connected with the side surface of the sliding block through the arc-shaped hole.

7. The positioning guide of claim 6, wherein, The internal-external rotation angle adjusting unit comprises a rotating plate and a third locking knob, the rotating plate is arranged above the rotating platform and is attached to the second section, one end of the rotating plate is hinged with the second section, the second axis direction of the hinge is perpendicular to the first axis direction and the direction of the sliding block relative to the guide rail, the other end of the rotating plate is provided with a second arc-shaped hole, and the third locking knob is threadedly connected with the second section through the second arc-shaped hole.

8. The positioning guide of claim 1, wherein, The interface is a clamping block, the osteotomy guide plate is provided with a clamping groove matched with the clamping block, the size of the opening of the clamping groove is smaller than that of the bottom of the clamping groove, and the fourth locking knob is further arranged on the clamping block, the fourth locking knob is threadedly connected with the clamping block and can abut against the bottom of the clamping groove through the clamping block.

9. The positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The osteotomy guide further comprises a positioning frame mounting hole for connecting the positioning frame and a fixation needle mounting hole for penetrating a fixation needle to position the osteotomy guide to the target bone.

10. The positioning guide of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising a positioning member for assisting the installation of the quadruple-in-one guide, the positioning member comprising a rod part and a plane part, the rod part being perpendicular to the plane part, the positioning member being provided with a through hole penetrating the rod part and the plane part, the through hole being used for drill guiding, the upper side of the rod part being used for mounting the positioning frame, and the plane part being used for abutting the bone plane and / or being inserted into the osteotomy slot of the quadruple-in-one guide to calibrate the quadruple-in-one guide.

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