Postoperative seepage drainage device for hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery

Abstract

The invention discloses a hepatobiliary pancreatic surgery postoperative exudate drainage device in the technical field of medical instruments, which comprises a drainage tube, one end of the drainage tube is communicated with a liquid collecting bag, the middle of the drainage tube is communicated with a filter cavity, a filter assembly is arranged in the filter cavity, the bottom of the filter assembly is fixedly connected with a monitoring assembly, and the filter assembly is fixedly connected with a controller. The filtering assembly and the monitoring assembly are both in signal connection with the controller; the filtering assembly is used for filtering the seepage and adjusting the filtering area in a self-adaptive manner according to the seepage pressure; and the monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the flow velocity, color and turbidity of the seepage in the drainage tube. According to the invention, seepage is hydraulically and adaptively filtered through the filter screen, impurity blockage and interference are automatically removed without disassembly, the seepage flow is stabilized, the monitoring precision of characters such as seepage flow speed, seepage color and turbidity is improved, and the device has important clinical significance for reducing the occurrence rate of postoperative complications and improving the diagnosis and treatment efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a postoperative exudate drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, postoperative exudate drainage is a crucial medical measure. Due to trauma, inflammation, infection, tumor recurrence, hypoproteinemia, malnutrition and other factors, a large amount of abdominal cavity fluid will be produced at the surgical site. The composition of such exudate is complex, containing not only tissue fluid and digestive juice, but also solid impurities such as blood clots and necrotic tissue fragments due to incomplete hemostasis or abnormal coagulation function. The size of the blood clots is mostly 0.5-5mm. Timely and effective drainage of these exudates plays an irreplaceable role in promoting disease recovery, preventing complications, observing changes in the patient's condition and ensuring the smooth healing of the surgical wound.

[0003] At present, suction drainage technology has become an indispensable treatment method in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery. The traditional drainage method mainly uses a negative pressure suction device, such as a small vacuum pump or a negative pressure suction device based on the principle of suction pump, in combination with a drainage tube to drain and collect the exudate into a drainage bottle. The drainage tube commonly used is a drainage tube with a fixed valve matched with a drainage ball to achieve negative pressure suction of the exudate into the collection bag. For example, the disposable postoperative drainage tube kit III produced by a medical device company.

[0004] However, when blood clots or large-sized tissue fragments flow through the existing drainage tube, the impurities are easily accumulated in the narrow section of the tube lumen, causing the tube lumen to be blocked. This not only fails to effectively drain the exudate, but also increases the risk of exudate spreading to the surrounding tissues due to the increased abdominal cavity pressure.

[0005] The existing device relies on manual periodic observation of the liquid level in the collection bag, and the medical staff needs to judge whether the exudate volume is too full by naked eye. Due to the heavy postoperative monitoring task, it is easy to overlook that the exudate exceeds the capacity of the collection bag, leading to reflux or leakage and increasing the risk of cross infection. More importantly, the existing device cannot monitor and alarm the abnormal state (such as sudden drop of negative pressure caused by tube lumen blockage, suction power failure, etc.) in the drainage process in real time, and the drainage abnormality is often discovered when the patient has symptoms such as abdominal pain and fever, delaying the intervention opportunity.

[0006] In addition, the amount, color and nature of the postoperative effusion of hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery are key indicators for evaluating wound healing and judging complications (such as colorless transparent or light yellow effusion with increased amylase when pancreatic fistula occurs; fresh red effusion with sudden increase in amount when active bleeding occurs). However, the existing device can only roughly estimate the 24-hour effusion volume by manually pouring the collection bag, and the color and nature judgment relies on the subjective experience of medical staff, lacking objective quantitative data. This lag monitoring is difficult to capture the dynamic changes of effusion (such as sudden increase in bleeding volume in a short time), which easily leads to early identification delay of complications and affects the timeliness and accuracy of treatment decisions.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a postoperative effusion drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, which can efficiently handle impurities such as blood clots, has automatic monitoring and early warning functions, and can quantitatively monitor effusion parameters in real time. SUMMARY

[0008] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a postoperative effusion drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, which can automatically and without disassembly remove impurities and interference by filtering effusion through a filter screen with hydraulic self-adaptation, and stabilize effusion flow to improve the monitoring accuracy of effusion flow rate, effusion color and turbidity, etc. It has important clinical significance for reducing the incidence of postoperative complications and improving diagnosis and treatment efficiency.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present application is as follows: a postoperative effusion drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, comprising a drainage tube, a liquid collecting bag is communicated with one end of the drainage tube, a filter cavity is communicated with the middle part of the drainage tube, a thread is opened on the inner wall of the side of the drainage tube close to the patient, a filter assembly is arranged in the filter cavity, a monitoring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter assembly, a controller is fixedly connected to the filter assembly, and the filter assembly and the monitoring assembly are signal connected with the controller.

[0010] The filter assembly is used for filtering effusion and self-adaptively adjusting the filtering area according to the effusion pressure.

[0011] The monitoring assembly is used for monitoring the flow rate, color and turbidity of the effusion in the drainage tube.

[0012] The principle of the basic scheme is that the device naturally forms a conveying section (threaded drainage tube), a filtering section (filter cavity and filter assembly), a monitoring section (monitoring assembly) and a collecting section (liquid collecting bag) along the flow direction of the effusion, and each section is seamlessly connected through a pipeline to form a complete drainage channel, and the effusion completes conveying, filtering, monitoring and collecting in continuous flow.

[0013] The filtration component dynamically adjusts its filtration area by sensing the seepage pressure (increasing the filtration area when the pressure rises), stabilizing the downstream seepage flow while filtering impurities. The monitoring component directly connects to the filtered seepage and uses the stable flow field to detect parameters. The controller receives the pressure signal from the filtration component and the parameter signal from the monitoring component in real time, forming a closed-loop coordination of "filtration-monitoring-feedback" to ensure that each functional segment works efficiently in a continuous flow path, rather than being an independent point device.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. Reduce drainage tube blockage and improve drainage stability. The threaded structure on the inner wall of the drainage tube can reduce the probability of adhesion of impurities such as blood clots. Combined with the adaptive filtration area adjustment of the filter component, it can alleviate the blockage pressure of high impurity seepage by increasing the filtration area, reduce the drainage interruption caused by local stagnation in traditional single-diameter drainage tubes, and reduce the risk of infection.

[0015] 2. Efficiently removes impurities and ensures continuous filtration. The filter components are designed for impurities such as blood clots in the seepage. Its adaptive adjustment function can expand the filtration area when the pressure rises due to the accumulation of impurities, avoiding clogging of the filter components themselves, ensuring a continuous removal effect of impurities in the seepage, and reducing the probability of infection caused by pipeline disassembly.

[0016] 3. Real-time and accurate monitoring of exudate characteristics: The monitoring component directly monitors the filtered exudate and can obtain flow rate, color and turbidity data in real time, solving the problem of lag caused by the reliance on manual observation in traditional devices. This makes it easier for medical staff to detect abnormal exudates in a timely manner (such as a sudden drop in flow rate indicating blockage, or bright red color indicating bleeding).

[0017] 4. Stabilizing the flow field improves monitoring accuracy. The adaptive adjustment of the filter components optimizes the flow pattern of the exudate, reduces the interference of impurities on the monitoring light or sensor, and reduces the error of the monitoring data of color and turbidity, providing a reliable basis for the diagnosis of the disease.

[0018] 5. Collaborative operation improves diagnostic and treatment efficiency. The controller's linkage control of the filtration and monitoring components enables automated collaboration of drainage, filtration, and monitoring, reducing manual intervention, lowering the risk of operational negligence, helping to intervene in complications in a timely manner, and shortening the postoperative recovery period for patients.

[0019] Furthermore, the filter assembly includes a funnel-shaped filter screen, with its top arc edge fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter chamber. A support shell is fixedly fitted onto the outer wall of the filter screen, and the support shell has several parallel spiral grooves. A support tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support shell, with its top end communicating with the filter screen and its bottom end communicating with a recovery tube. A recovery net is laid at the bottom of the recovery tube, and a pressure sensor is laid on the cross-section of the recovery tube near the support tube. A spring is fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressure sensor, and the spring is sleeved with the support tube. A pressure-bearing tube is rotatably connected to the end of the spring away from the recovery tube, and the pressure-bearing tube is sleeved with the support tube. Several spiral strips are fixedly connected to the top of the pressure-bearing tube, and each spiral strip slides in cooperation with its corresponding spiral groove. The pressure sensor is connected to the controller signal.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. When the exudate pressure increases, it pushes the spiral strip downward to compress the spring, and the change in exudate pressure is transmitted to the pressure sensor through the spring. Simultaneously, it increases the gap of the spiral strip in the spiral groove, increases the filtration area of ​​the filter screen, balances the exudate pressure inside and outside the wound, avoids excessive exudate pressure in the wound that could cause the spread of infection, and maintains drainage efficiency. At the same time, it avoids frequent filter screen replacements, reducing the risk of infection and medical costs.

[0021] 2. After separation, impurities enter the recovery pipe through the support pipe and are intercepted and collected by the recovery net, preventing them from re-entering the drainage system. The connection design between the recovery pipe and the support pipe creates a dual drive of "gravity + liquid flow," ensuring effective discharge of impurities and reducing the risk of secondary blockage.

[0022] 3. The pressure sensor monitors the pressure difference before and after the filter in real time. The pressure data, together with the flow rate data, can comprehensively monitor the fluid flow in the drainage device and the wound. It can provide timely warnings when drainage is obstructed, reducing patient pain and the risk of complications.

[0023] Furthermore, the width of the spiral strips gradually decreases as the distance from the pressure pipe increases.

[0024] The advantages of the basic design are: the narrower spiral strip has lower stiffness at the end, allowing for significant displacement even under small pressure changes, thus increasing the filter's sensitivity to pressure fluctuations. The variable width design allows the clearance between the spiral strip and the spiral groove to vary along the flow path, preventing the spiral strip from jamming even under high pressure and when the spring compression is large.

[0025] Furthermore, the thickness of the spiral strips is greater than the depth of the corresponding spiral grooves, and pressure-boosting strips are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the spiral strips.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the basic design are: 1. The thickness of the spiral strip is greater than the depth of the spiral groove, causing the outer wall of the spiral strip to naturally protrude from the surface of the support shell. Combined with the pressure-boosting strip on the outer wall, as the spiral strip rotates with the pressure-bearing pipe, it can locally compress the seepage on the filter screen surface. This directional pressure boosting effect can peel off impurities such as blood clots adhering to the inner surface of the filter screen, reducing the clogging of impurities in the filter screen pores and improving the filter screen's self-cleaning ability.

[0027] 2. The pressure bar can improve the sensitivity of the spiral bar to the impact of seepage. Even a tiny change in seepage pressure can drive the spiral bar to slide down and squeeze the spring and pressure sensor, which not only improves the adaptive filtration capability of the filter screen, but also improves the monitoring accuracy of seepage pressure.

[0028] Furthermore, a negative pressure pipe is connected to the side wall of the recovery pipe, and a capacitive sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recovery pipe. A diaphragm valve is laid at the connection between the negative pressure pipe and the recovery pipe. The negative pressure pipe extends through the side wall of the drainage pipe to the outside. A fixing block is fixedly sleeved on the drainage pipe. A collection box and a battery are detachably connected to the fixing block. The end of the negative pressure pipe away from the recovery pipe is connected to the collection box. A negative pressure pump is connected to the top of the collection box. The connection between the negative pressure pipe and the collection box is lower than the connection between the negative pressure pump and the collection box. The negative pressure pump and the controller are both fixedly connected to the fixing block. The capacitive sensor and the negative pressure pump are both signal connected to the controller.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. The capacitive sensor can monitor the amount of clots accumulated in the recovery pipe in real time (judged by changes in dielectric constant). When the threshold is reached, the controller triggers the negative pressure pump to start and open the diaphragm valve. The negative pressure generated by the negative pressure pipe actively draws blood clots and other impurities into the collection box. This closed-loop mechanism of "monitoring-negative pressure suction" solves the problem of easy clogging in traditional recovery pipes that rely on gravity for slag discharge.

[0030] 2. The collection box is connected to the recovery pipe in a closed loop via a negative pressure pipe, and the connection point of the negative pressure pipe is lower than the negative pressure pump interface, which can prevent impurities in the collection box from flowing back into the recovery pipe. At the same time, the detachable design of the collection box makes it convenient for medical staff to centrally dispose of medical waste, reducing the risk of cross-infection caused by the exposure of impurities.

[0031] 3. The diaphragm valve opens only when slag discharge is required, to prevent excessive diversion of the seepage due to continuous negative pressure acting on the recovery pipe, and to prevent the backflow of impurities in the negative pressure pipe from causing infection risks.

[0032] Furthermore, the sidewall of the fixing block is fixedly connected with buckles for detachable connection with the patient's clothing.

[0033] The basic solution has the following advantages: the buckle can be quickly connected and fixed to the patient's clothing (such as hospital gowns or abdominal binders), allowing the fixing block and integrated negative pressure pump, collection box and other components to move synchronously with the patient's body position. This avoids the drainage tube from being pulled at the contact point with the body surface due to the shaking of the device when the patient turns over or gets out of bed, reducing the risk of the drainage tube shifting or falling off. It also avoids pulling on the drainage tube when handling the collection bag.

[0034] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a monitoring arm, which is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the fixed block. A magnetostrictive displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the middle of the monitoring arm. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is ring-shaped and fixedly sleeved with the drainage tube. An annular groove is opened on the inner wall of the drainage tube. A slip ring is slidably connected in the annular groove. Several fan blades pointing to the center of the slip ring are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slip ring. A magnetic block is fixedly connected in the slip ring. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is signal-connected to the controller.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. When the exudate flow rate is low, the fan blade can be pushed to produce a slight rotation, causing the slip ring to shift. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor can capture the minute magnetic field changes and convert them into effective signals, ensuring accurate monitoring even in the early stages when the postoperative exudate volume is low; while when the flow rate is high, the fan blade rotates rapidly, causing the slip ring to move rapidly, and the sensor can also monitor stably, adapting to the exudate situation at different stages after surgery.

[0036] 2. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is ring-shaped and fixedly sleeved with the drainage tube. The slip ring slides within the ring groove, resulting in a compact and secure overall structure that is not easily loosened by patient movement or device vibration. Simultaneously, the magnetic block and the magnetostrictive displacement sensor transmit signals through magnetic field interaction, eliminating the need for mechanical contact. This reduces wear and interference caused by friction, extends the lifespan of the monitoring components, and lowers maintenance costs.

[0037] Furthermore, an illumination ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring arm, an optical sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the illumination ring on the side closest to the monitoring arm, and an illumination lamp corresponding to the optical sensor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the other side of the illumination ring. The optical sensor is connected to the controller signal.

[0038] The basic solution offers the following advantages: 1. The lighting ring adopts a closed-loop design, which isolates it from external natural light or ward lighting, ensuring that the optical sensor only receives stable light source signals from within the device. Even in bright or dim environments, it maintains monitoring accuracy, making it suitable for patient movement or nighttime monitoring scenarios.

[0039] 2. Both the optical sensor and the magnetostrictive displacement sensor are connected to the controller, which can correlate and analyze the color, turbidity, and flow rate data of the exudate. For example, when the flow rate suddenly increases and the color turns bright red, the controller can quickly determine that there is active bleeding and trigger an alarm, which can more accurately identify complications than monitoring a single parameter.

[0040] 3. The illumination ring and optical sensor are integrated into the monitoring arm, requiring no additional space and fitting tightly against the outer wall of the drainage tube, reducing light loss during propagation. Simultaneously, the ring-shaped layout of the illumination ring ensures uniform light coverage of the drainage tube cross-section, avoiding measurement deviations caused by uneven local light intensity.

[0041] Furthermore, the controller is equipped with a data acquisition module, a communication module, a control module, and an alarm module;

[0042] The data acquisition module is used to connect with pressure sensors, capacitance sensors, magneto-displacement sensors and optical sensors, and to acquire data such as seepage pressure, recovery tube capacitance, magnetic block displacement, and light absorption and scattering.

[0043] The communication module is used to transmit the collected data to the hospital nursing system for processing via wireless communication technology, and to receive alarm data obtained after processing by the hospital nursing system.

[0044] The control module is used to control the negative pressure pump to open the diaphragm valve and suck out the accumulated leachate impurities in the recovery tube based on the capacitance data of the recovery tube;

[0045] The alarm module is used to issue alarms based on the alarm data received by the communication module regarding changes in the properties of the seepage.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are: 1. Data is uploaded to the hospital nursing system in real time via wireless communication technology, allowing medical staff to view the patient's drainage status at the nurses' station or on a mobile terminal, eliminating the need for frequent bedside checks. Simultaneously, the system can perform trend analysis on historical data (such as flow rate change curves and color mean fluctuations), facilitating early prediction of complications (such as the risk of pancreatic fistula) and shortening nursing response time.

[0047] 2. Based on the impurity accumulation data from the capacitance sensor (when the capacitance value is below the threshold), the control module automatically triggers the negative pressure pump and opens the diaphragm valve. After the impurities in the recovery tube are removed, the valve automatically closes, requiring no manual operation throughout the process. This not only reduces the workload of medical staff but also minimizes the risk of infection from exudate exposure.

[0048] 3. All modules work in tandem through a controller. The data acquisition module provides the data foundation, the communication module enables remote interaction, the control module executes automatic operations, and the alarm module provides risk alerts, forming a closed-loop system of "monitoring-analysis-processing-early warning." This system can reduce the daily workload of medical staff in checking drainage devices, and at the same time, it improves the accuracy of nursing decisions by replacing subjective judgment with quantitative data analysis.

[0049] Furthermore, the alarm for changes in leakage characteristics includes beeps of different frequencies, vibrations of different frequencies, and lights of different colors. The higher the severity of the change in leakage characteristics, the higher the frequency of the beeps and vibrations.

[0050] The basic solution offers several advantages: multi-dimensional alarm methods adapt to different scenarios; buzzers are suitable for noisy environments, vibrations are suitable for hearing-impaired patients or quiet environments, and lights provide intuitive visual cues. Tiered alarms convey risk levels through differences in stimulus intensity; low-intensity stimuli indicating mild abnormalities can prevent patients from becoming overly anxious, while high-intensity stimuli indicating severe abnormalities can effectively raise awareness. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 This is a top view of the postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 This is a frontal cross-sectional view of the postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 This is a rear view of the postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A.

[0056] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the modules within the controller.

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the system operation framework within the controller.

[0058] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Drainage pipe; 2. Filter chamber; 3. Battery; 4. Controller; 5. Fixing block; 6. Negative pressure pump; 7. Collection box; 8. Negative pressure pipe; 9. Thread; 10. Magnetostrictive displacement sensor; 11. Monitoring arm; 12. Illumination ring; 13. Buckle; 14. Recycling net; 15. Filter screen; 16. Support shell; 17. Spiral groove; 18. Illumination lamp; 19. Optical sensor; 20. Diaphragm valve; 21. Recycling pipe; 22. Pressure sensor; 23. Spring; 24. Support pipe; 25. Pressure-bearing pipe; 26. Spiral strip; 27. Pressure boosting strip; 28. Capacitive sensor; 29. ​​Slip ring; 30. Fan blade; 31. Magnetic block. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0060] Example 1

[0061] The basics are as follows: Figures 1 to 5As shown: A drainage device for postoperative exudate in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery includes a drainage tube 1, one end of which is connected to a collection bag, and a filter chamber 2 connected to the middle of the drainage tube 1. The inner wall of the drainage tube 1 near the patient has a thread 9. A filter assembly is provided in the filter chamber 2. A monitoring assembly is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter assembly. A controller 4 is fixedly connected to the filter assembly. Both the filter assembly and the monitoring assembly are signal connected to the controller 4.

[0062] A filter assembly is used to filter leachate and adaptively adjusts the filtration area according to the leachate pressure. The filter assembly includes a funnel-shaped filter screen 15, the top arc edge of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter chamber 2. A support shell 16 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the filter screen 15. Several parallel spiral grooves 17 are opened on the support shell 16. A support tube 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support shell 16. The top end of the support tube 24 is connected to the filter screen 15, and the bottom end of the support tube 24 is connected to a recovery tube 21. A recovery net 14 is laid at the bottom end of the recovery tube 21. A pressure sensor 22 is laid on the cross-section of the recovery tube 21 near the support tube 24. A spring 23 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the sensor 22. The spring 23 is sleeved with the support tube 24. The end of the spring 23 away from the recovery tube 21 is rotatably connected to the pressure-bearing tube 25. The pressure-bearing tube 25 is sleeved with the support tube 24. Several spiral strips 26 are fixedly connected to the top of the pressure-bearing tube 25. Each spiral strip 26 is slidably engaged with the corresponding spiral groove 17. The pressure sensor 22 is signal-connected to the controller 4. The width of each spiral strip 26 gradually decreases as the distance from the pressure-bearing tube 25 increases. The thickness of each spiral strip 26 is greater than the depth of the corresponding spiral groove 17. A pressure-boosting strip 27 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of each spiral strip 26.

[0063] A negative pressure tube 8 is connected to the side wall of the recovery tube 21. A capacitive sensor 28 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recovery tube 21. A diaphragm valve 20 is laid at the connection between the negative pressure tube 8 and the recovery tube 21. The negative pressure tube 8 extends through the side wall of the drainage tube 1 to the outside. A fixing block 5 is fixedly sleeved on the drainage tube 1. A collection box 7 and a storage battery 3 are detachably connected to the fixing block 5. The end of the negative pressure tube 8 away from the recovery tube 21 is connected to the collection box 7. A negative pressure pump 6 is connected to the top of the collection box 7. The connection between the negative pressure tube 8 and the collection box 7 is lower than the connection between the negative pressure pump 6 and the collection box 7. The negative pressure pump 6 and the controller 4 are both fixedly connected to the fixing block 5. The capacitive sensor 28 and the negative pressure pump 6 are both signal connected to the controller 4. A buckle 13 for detachable connection with the patient's clothing is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixing block 5.

[0064] The monitoring component is used to monitor the flow rate, color and turbidity of the seepage in the drainage tube 1. The monitoring component includes a monitoring arm 11, which is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the fixed block 5. A magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10 is fixedly connected to the middle of the monitoring arm 11. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10 is ring-shaped and fixedly sleeved with the drainage tube 1. An annular groove is opened on the inner wall of the drainage tube 1. A slip ring 29 is slidably connected in the annular groove. Several fan blades 30 pointing to the center of the slip ring 29 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slip ring 29. A magnetic block 31 is fixedly connected in the slip ring 29. The magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10 is signal-connected to the controller 4.

[0065] An illumination ring 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring arm 11. An optical sensor 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the illumination ring 12 on one side close to the monitoring arm 11. An illumination lamp 18 corresponding to the optical sensor 19 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the other side of the illumination ring 12. The optical sensor 19 is signal-connected to the controller 4.

[0066] The specific implementation process is as follows: The existing drainage device cannot automatically filter and remove impurities in the exudate, which makes the drainage tube 1 at risk of being blocked at any time. It requires long-term manual monitoring and care, which not only occupies medical and nursing resources, but also easily leads to more serious consequences due to untimely care, affecting the patient's recovery.

[0067] When patients require drainage of exudate after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, the end of the drainage tube 1 closest to the patient is placed in the surgical area. It is detachably connected to the patient's clothing via the buckle 13 on the side wall of the fixing block 5, ensuring stable fixation and preventing displacement of the drainage tube 1 due to patient movement. Exudate first enters the drainage tube 1. The threads 9 on the inner wall of the drainage tube 1 closest to the patient reduce the adhesion of blood clots and other impurities to the inner wall, concentrating denser impurities near the central axis of the drainage tube 1 for subsequent filtration, reducing the risk of blockage. The exudate then flows into the filtration chamber 2, combined with… Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown.

[0068] In the filtration chamber 2, a funnel-shaped filter screen performs preliminary filtration of the exudate, trapping impurities such as blood clots and necrotic tissue fragments. Impurities gradually accumulate on the filter screen and enter the recovery pipe 21. When the patient's exudate pressure increases, the pressure acts on the spiral strip 26 through the pressure boosting bar 27 and the side wall of the spiral strip 26 extending from the spiral groove 17, pushing the spiral strip 26 to slide downward along the spiral groove 17 and pushing the pressure-bearing pipe 25 to squeeze the spring 23 down. The spring 23 transmits the pressure to the pressure sensor 22 to monitor the changes in the patient's exudate pressure. At the same time, due to the uneven width of the spiral strip 26, the sliding of the spiral strip 26 increases the exposed area of ​​the filter screen inside the spiral groove 17, thereby adaptively adjusting the filter screen filtration area to balance the exudate pressure before and after the filter screen, avoiding excessive wound exudate pressure that could cause exudate-induced infection. In addition, the thickness of the spiral strip 26 is greater than the depth of the spiral groove 17. When the outer pressure boosting bar 27 rotates, it creates local pressure on the exudate on the filter screen surface, peeling off the impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen 15 and sending them into the recovery pipe 21 at the bottom of the filter screen 15, reducing the possibility of impurities embedded in the filter screen 15 causing blockage.

[0069] Impurities entering the recovery tube 21 are intercepted and accumulated by the recovery net 14 at the bottom. The capacitive sensor 28 on the inner wall of the recovery tube 21 monitors the amount of impurities accumulated in real time by changing the capacitance value. When the impurities accumulate to a preset threshold, such as when the recovery tube 21 is full, the capacitive sensor 28 transmits a signal to the controller 4. The controller 4 starts the negative pressure pump 6 to form a negative pressure and open the diaphragm valve 20. Under the action of negative pressure, the negative pressure tube 8 sucks the impurities in the recovery tube 21 into the collection box 7. The connection position of the collection box 7 and the negative pressure tube 8 is lower than its connection position with the negative pressure pump 6 to avoid the recovered impurities from entering the negative pressure pump 6 and causing mechanical failure. After a short time of about 0.5 seconds of suction and recovery, the negative pressure pump 6 closes the diaphragm valve 20 automatically. The detachable collection box 7 is convenient for subsequent disposal as medical waste. The battery 3 powers the negative pressure pump 6, controller 4 and other components to ensure that the device can still work when there is no external power supply.

[0070] During the flow of the seepage through the drainage tube 1, the monitoring components work synchronously. The seepage pushes the fan blades 30 on the inner wall of the slip ring 29, causing the slip ring 29 to slide radially along the annular groove. The magnetic block 31 inside the slip ring 29 moves with the slip ring 29. The annular magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10 senses the displacement change of the magnetic block 31 and transmits the signal to the controller 4. The seepage flow rate data is obtained by calculating the moving speed of the magnetic block 31. At the same time, the illumination ring 12 at the bottom of the monitoring arm 11 is activated, and the illumination lamp 18 emits a stable white light. After the light passes through the seepage in the drainage tube 1, it is received by the optical sensor 19 on the other side. The optical sensor 19 obtains the color and turbidity data of the seepage by analyzing the absorption and scattering characteristics of the light and transmits it to the controller 4. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown.

[0071] In summary, the entire device utilizes a closed-loop system integrating drainage, filtration, impurity removal, monitoring, and early warning. This is achieved through features such as reduced adhesion via the drainage tube 1 thread 9, adaptive adjustment of the filtration area by the filter assembly for efficient impurity removal, automatic impurity removal via the negative pressure system of the recovery tube 21, real-time acquisition of multiple parameters by the monitoring component, linkage processing and early warning by the controller 4, and stable fixation via the snap-fit ​​13. This effectively solves the problems of easy clogging, delayed monitoring, and inconvenient operation associated with traditional drainage devices, reducing the risk of postoperative infection, improving diagnostic and treatment efficiency, and providing reliable protection for postoperative recovery. Figure 5 As shown.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] The difference from the above embodiments is that, as shown in the appendix Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown: Controller 4 is equipped with a data acquisition module, a communication module, a control module, and an alarm module;

[0074] The acquisition module is used to connect to the pressure sensor 22, the capacitance sensor 28, the magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10 and the optical sensor 19, and to acquire seepage pressure data, recovery tube 21 capacitance data, magnetic block 31 displacement data, and light absorption and scattering data.

[0075] The communication module is used to transmit the collected data to the hospital nursing system for processing via wireless communication technology, and to receive alarm data obtained after processing by the hospital nursing system.

[0076] The control module is used to control the negative pressure pump 6 to open the diaphragm valve 20 to suck out the accumulated seepage impurities in the recovery tube 21 based on the capacitance data of the recovery tube 21.

[0077] The alarm module is used to alert for changes in seepage characteristics based on alarm data received from the communication module. These alarms include buzzers of different frequencies, vibrations of different frequencies, and lights of different colors. The higher the severity of the seepage change, the higher the frequency of the buzzers and vibrations.

[0078] The specific implementation process is as follows: After the device is started, the modules in controller 4 work together to realize intelligent management of the entire process of seepage drainage.

[0079] The acquisition module first establishes signal connections with pressure sensor 22, capacitance sensor 28, magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10, and optical sensor 19 to acquire multi-dimensional data in real time. This includes pressure data transmitted by pressure sensor 22 (reflecting the patient's exudate pressure), capacitance change data from recovery tube 21 fed back by capacitance sensor 28 (corresponding to impurity accumulation), displacement signals from slip ring 29 and magnetic block 31 captured by magnetostrictive displacement sensor 10 (converted into exudate flow velocity), and light absorption and scattering data acquired by optical sensor 19 (resolved into color and turbidity). These data are integrated by the acquisition module at a sampling frequency of 10Hz to form a complete exudate state dataset, providing a foundation for subsequent analysis.

[0080] The communication module transmits the data integrated by the acquisition module to the hospital nursing system via medical encrypted wireless communication technology, such as the LoRa protocol conforming to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. End-to-end encryption is used during transmission to ensure patient data security. The nursing system performs trend analysis on the received data, for example, associating flow rate with color data. When the flow rate suddenly increases (>50mL / h) and the red light absorption value exceeds the threshold (corresponding to bright red), it is determined as "active bleeding" and alarm data is generated and transmitted back to the communication module.

[0081] The control module continuously receives capacitance data from the acquisition module in the recovery tube 21. When the capacitance value falls below a preset threshold, it automatically triggers a control command: sending a start signal to the negative pressure pump 6 to create negative pressure and open the diaphragm valve 20, allowing impurities in the recovery tube 21 to enter the collection box 7 through the negative pressure tube 8 under negative pressure. When the capacitance value returns to the normal range, the control module immediately shuts off the negative pressure pump 6. The entire process requires no manual intervention. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0082] After receiving alarm data from the communication module, the alarm module initiates multi-dimensional early warning based on the severity of changes in exudate characteristics: for mild abnormalities (such as slightly elevated turbidity), a low-frequency buzzer (1Hz), low-frequency vibration (1Hz), and a yellow light are emitted; for moderate abnormalities (such as flow rate fluctuations), the system switches to a medium-frequency buzzer (3Hz), medium-frequency vibration (3Hz), and an orange light; for severe abnormalities (such as active bleeding), a high-frequency buzzer (5Hz), high-frequency vibration (5Hz), and a red light are triggered, with the light flashing frequency increasing synchronously with the severity (1Hz-3Hz-5Hz). This tiered early warning mechanism can quickly distinguish risk levels, facilitating priority handling of emergencies by medical staff and patients.

[0083] Through the collaboration of various modules, controller 4 enables real-time monitoring, automatic processing, and precise early warning of the drainage status, minimizing the need for manual intervention. At the same time, through data quantification and remote transmission, it significantly improves the efficiency and safety of postoperative care.

[0084] Specific experimental procedure: Performance verification experiment

[0085] 1. Experimental Objective

[0086] Verify the anti-clogging performance of the adaptive filter under high impurity concentrations; evaluate the accuracy of the multi-parameter monitoring module (flow rate / color / turbidity); test the response efficiency and reliability of the negative pressure cleaning system.

[0087] 2. Experimental Materials

[0088] Simulated exudate: Base solution, 0.9% physiological saline + 2% bovine serum albumin; impurities, gelatin particles (0.5-5mm, simulating blood clots); staining agents, hemoglobin (simulating hemorrhage), fat emulsion (simulating turbidity).

[0089] Control group: Traditional non-filtering drainage tube (same size silicone tube + drainage bag).

[0090] Monitoring equipment: high-precision flow meter (±1% error), spectrophotometer (color / turbidity reference), high-speed camera (to record the blockage process).

[0091] Test environment: 37℃ constant temperature water bath, simulating the abdominal cavity environment.

[0092] 3. Experimental Procedure

[0093] (1) Anti-clogging performance test

[0094] Preparation of exudate: Three simulated exudates were prepared according to a mass concentration gradient: low impurity group: 1% gelatin particles; medium impurity group: 3% gelatin particles; high impurity group: 5% gelatin particles.

[0095] Test procedure: Set the constant flow pump to 50 mL / h and continuously pump the seepage liquid into the prototype and the conventional drainage tube; record the pressure difference (ΔP) on both sides of the filter screen in real time. Stop the experiment when ΔP ≥ 50 kPa or the drainage is interrupted; test the control group (conventional drainage tube) simultaneously and record the time to complete blockage.

[0096] Data recording: Each group was repeated 5 times, and the average value of the continuous drainage time and ΔP peak value was taken.

[0097] (2) Monitoring accuracy verification

[0098] Flow rate monitoring: Pump the base fluid at a flow rate of 10-200 mL / h and simultaneously read the prototype flow rate value V1 and the high-precision flow meter value V2; Calculation error: δ=|V1-V2| / V2×100%.

[0099] Color recognition: Prepare hemoglobin gradient solutions (0-10g / dL), and use the prototype machine to detect color data; use a spectrophotometer to measure the CIE-Lab colorimetric values ​​of the same solutions as a reference, and calculate the color difference ΔE*ab.

[0100] Turbidity detection: Prepare an exudate with a turbidity gradient of 0-1000 FTU using fat emulsion; compare the turbidity value of the prototype with the scattering intensity of the spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 660 nm.

[0101] (3) Automatic cleaning efficiency test

[0102] Impurity injection: Inject 5 mL of gelatin particles into the recovery tube (simulating a fully loaded state of impurities).

[0103] Triggering cleaning: Record the response time T1 from the detection of impurity accumulation by the capacitive sensor to triggering the negative pressure pump; the high-speed camera records the process of impurities being sucked into the collection box after the diaphragm valve opens.

[0104] Removal effect evaluation: Weigh the mass of impurities in the collection box and calculate the removal rate = (mass of recovered impurities / initial mass) × 100%; check the residual impurities on the inner wall of the recovery tube to determine the removal success rate.

[0105] 4. Experimental Results

[0106] As shown in the table below:

[0107] Table 1. Comparison of anti-clogging performance

[0108] Note: The experiment was terminated when ΔP reached 50 kPa, indicating that the apparatus was not completely blocked.

[0109] Table 2. Monitoring accuracy test

[0110]

[0111] Table 3. Automatic Impurity Removal Performance

[0112]

[0113] 5. Experimental Conclusions

[0114] (1) Significantly improved anti-clogging performance

[0115] At a high impurity concentration of 5%, the prototype machine can continuously drain for more than 24 hours, which is 49 times longer than the 0.5 hours of traditional drainage tubes. The adaptive filter increases the filtration area and keeps ΔP within the safe threshold (<50kPa) to avoid backflow of seepage.

[0116] (2) The monitoring accuracy meets clinical needs.

[0117] Flow rate error ≤ 4.5%, color recognition color difference ΔE*ab ≤ 5.1 (the threshold that the human eye can distinguish is ΔE*ab > 5), turbidity error ≤ 8.3%; multi-parameter collaboration can accurately identify abnormalities: such as when hemoglobin > 5g / dL + flow rate increase > 50%, the system will trigger a bleeding alarm 100% of the time.

[0118] (3) Automatic cleaning is efficient and reliable

[0119] The negative pressure cleaning response time is 0.53 seconds, the cleaning rate is >98%, and no manual intervention is required throughout the process; the capacitive sensor achieves high accuracy in preventing false triggering (98%), avoiding invalid cleaning operations.

[0120] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0121] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A drainage device for postoperative exudate in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, comprising a drainage tube (1), one end of which is connected to a collection bag, characterized in that: The middle part of the drainage tube (1) is connected to the filter chamber (2), the filter chamber (2) is equipped with a filter assembly, the bottom of the filter assembly is fixedly connected to a monitoring assembly, and the filter assembly is fixedly connected to a controller (4). The filter assembly and the monitoring assembly are both connected to the controller (4) by signal. A filter assembly for filtering leachate and adaptively adjusting the filter area according to the leachate pressure; A monitoring component is used to monitor the flow rate, color, and turbidity of the exudate in the drainage tube (1).

2. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly includes a funnel-shaped filter screen (15), the top arc edge of which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filter chamber (2). A support shell (16) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the filter screen (15). Several parallel spiral grooves (17) are opened on the support shell (16). A support tube (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support shell (16). The top end of the support tube (24) is connected to the filter screen (15), and the bottom end of the support tube (24) is connected to a recovery tube (21). A recovery net (14) is laid at the bottom end of the recovery tube (21). The recovery tube (21) is close to the support tube (2). A pressure sensor (22) is laid on one end of the pipe section. A spring (23) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the pressure sensor (22). The spring (23) is sleeved with the support pipe (24). The end of the spring (23) away from the recovery pipe (21) is rotatably connected to the pressure-bearing pipe (25). The pressure-bearing pipe (25) is sleeved with the support pipe (24). Several spiral strips (26) are fixedly connected to the top of the pressure-bearing pipe (25). The spiral strips (26) are all slidably engaged with the corresponding spiral grooves (17). The pressure sensor (22) is connected to the controller (4) via signal.

3. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of the spiral strip (26) gradually decreases as the distance from the pressure pipe (25) increases.

4. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the spiral strip (26) is greater than the depth of the corresponding spiral groove (17), and the outer side wall of the spiral strip (26) is fixedly connected with a pressure bar (27).

5. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: A negative pressure pipe (8) is connected to the side wall of the recovery pipe (21). A capacitive sensor (28) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recovery pipe (21). A diaphragm valve (20) is laid at the connection between the negative pressure pipe (8) and the recovery pipe (21). The negative pressure pipe (8) extends through the side wall of the drainage pipe (1) to the outside. A fixing block (5) is fixedly sleeved on the drainage pipe (1). A collection box (7) is detachably connected to the fixing block (5). The end of the negative pressure pipe (8) away from the recovery pipe (21) is connected to the collection box (7). A negative pressure pump (6) is connected to the top of the collection box (7). The connection between the negative pressure pipe (8) and the collection box (7) is lower than the connection between the negative pressure pump (6) and the collection box (7). The negative pressure pump (6) and the controller (4) are both fixedly connected to the fixing block (5). The capacitive sensor (28) and the negative pressure pump (6) are both signal connected to the controller (4).

6. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side wall of the fixing block (5) is fixedly connected with a buckle (13) for detachable connection with the patient's clothing.

7. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring component includes a monitoring arm (11), which is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the fixed block (5). A magnetostrictive displacement sensor (10) is fixedly connected to the middle of the monitoring arm (11). The magnetostrictive displacement sensor (10) is ring-shaped and fixedly sleeved with the drainage tube (1). The inner wall of the drainage tube (1) has an annular groove. A slip ring (29) is slidably connected in the annular groove. Several fan blades (30) pointing to the center of the slip ring (29) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slip ring (29). A magnetic block (31) is fixedly connected in the slip ring (29). The magnetostrictive displacement sensor (10) is signal-connected to the controller (4).

8. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: An illumination ring (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the monitoring arm (11). An optical sensor (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the illumination ring (12) on one side close to the monitoring arm (11). An illumination lamp (18) corresponding to the optical sensor (19) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the other side of the illumination ring (12). The optical sensor (19) is connected to the controller (4) via signal.

9. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (4) is equipped with a data acquisition module, a communication module, a control module and an alarm module; The acquisition module is used to connect to the pressure sensor (22), capacitance sensor (28), magneto-displacement sensor (10) and optical sensor (19) to acquire leakage pressure data, recovery tube (21) capacitance data, magnetic block (31) displacement data, and light absorption and scattering data. The communication module is used to transmit the collected data to the hospital nursing system for processing via wireless communication technology, and to receive alarm data obtained after processing by the hospital nursing system. The control module is used to control the negative pressure pump (6) to open the diaphragm valve (20) and suck out the accumulated exudate impurities in the recovery tube (21) based on the capacitance data of the recovery tube (21); The alarm module is used to issue alarms based on the alarm data received by the communication module regarding changes in the properties of the seepage.

10. The postoperative drainage device for hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery according to claim 9, characterized in that: Alarms for changes in seepage characteristics include beeps of different frequencies, vibrations of different frequencies, and lights of different colors. The more severe the change in seepage characteristics, the higher the frequency of the beeps and vibrations.

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