Amorphous alloy wire continuous annealing device and method based on alternating load auxiliary magnetic field

Abstract

The invention relates to an amorphous alloy wire continuous annealing device and method based on an alternating load auxiliary magnetic field. In magnetic field equipment of the device, a transverse Helmholtz coil transversely surrounds the periphery of a heat treatment furnace, the axial direction of the transverse Helmholtz coil is perpendicular to the wire penetrating direction, and a longitudinal Helmholtz coil longitudinally surrounds the periphery of the heat treatment furnace, and the axial direction of the longitudinal Helmholtz coil is parallel to the wire penetrating direction; in the heat treatment furnace, a hearth is arranged in a furnace box, and heating equipment is arranged on the hearth; in the alternating load equipment, a clamp is arranged on a three-dimensional combined table to clamp the amorphous alloy wire, and the tensile load is detected; in the winding device, a wire feeding roller winds the amorphous alloy wire and feeds the wire to the heat treatment furnace before annealing is started, after the amorphous alloy wire is clamped by the alternating load devices on the two sides, annealing is conducted under the conditions of a dynamic magnetic field and alternating loads, and a wire winding motor drives a wire winding roller to complete wire winding. Compared with the prior art, isotropic release of an internal stress field of the amorphous alloy wire is effectively promoted, and the amorphous alloy wire is better designed for materials with specific magnetic anisotropy requirements.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of amorphous alloy wire heat treatment, and relates to an amorphous alloy wire continuous annealing device and method based on an alternating load auxiliary magnetic field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Amorphous alloy wire, also known as metallic glass wire, is a new type of material with short-range order and long-range disordered atomic structure. Compared with traditional crystalline alloys, amorphous alloy wire has excellent soft magnetic properties, high strength and hardness, good corrosion resistance and a series of unique physical and chemical properties, showing great application potential in many fields such as electronics, electric power, machinery, aerospace, etc. However, due to process factors such as rapid cooling during preparation, there are often a large number of defects and residual stresses in the amorphous alloy wire, which seriously affect the performance stability and reliability of the amorphous alloy wire. Therefore, annealing treatment has become an important means to improve the performance of amorphous alloy wire, release residual stress and improve the stability of material structure.

[0003] The post-treatment process of amorphous alloy wire has an important influence on its soft magnetic properties and giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect. Current annealing methods for amorphous alloy wire mainly include the following four types: ordinary annealing (crystallization annealing and amorphization annealing), joule annealing, stress annealing and magnetic field annealing.

[0004] Crystallization annealing is derived from the study of the thermodynamic instability of amorphous materials. Amorphous materials (such as amorphous alloys and glasses) form disordered atomic structures due to rapid cooling during preparation, but their energy state is higher than that of crystalline state, belonging to metastable state. The purpose of crystallization annealing is to rearrange the atoms inside the material by heating above the crystallization temperature, forming an ordered crystalline structure. Amorphization annealing is mainly used to eliminate the internal stress of the material while maintaining the amorphous structure. The technical core of amorphization annealing is to perform heat treatment below the glass transition temperature to avoid triggering the crystallization process. However, ordinary annealing (crystallization annealing and amorphization annealing) has two limitations: one is the need for precise control of the heating rate and holding time, otherwise it is easy to cause grain coarsening; the other is the limited ability to control magnetic anisotropy, so it needs to be combined with other processes to optimize the performance.

[0005] Joule annealing is to use the Joule heat generated by the current passing through the amorphous alloy wire to rapidly heat the material, which includes direct current annealing and pulse current annealing. Joule annealing has a fast heating rate and short processing time, which is suitable for efficient processing of micro wires or thin strips. However, the current density needs to be strictly controlled (too high will increase the anisotropy field and reduce the giant magnetoimpedance effect), and the risk of local overheating will also be relatively high.

[0006] Stress annealing involves applying tensile or compressive stress during the annealing process to optimize grain arrangement and magnetic domain structure through magnetoelastic coupling. Stress annealing is suitable for material designs with specific magnetic anisotropy requirements, suppressing grain growth and improving circumferential permeability. However, stress annealing also has limitations: precisely applying uniform stress during the process is difficult, and uneven stress distribution can lead to inconsistent magnetic anisotropy within the material, affecting the uniformity of soft magnetic properties and the stability of the giant magnetoresistance effect.

[0007] Magnetic field annealing involves applying an external magnetic field (transverse, longitudinal, or rotating) during the annealing process to induce magnetic anisotropy and optimize the orientation of magnetic domains. Magnetic field annealing technology originated in 1913 when Pender discovered that the permeability of a 4% Si-Fe alloy significantly improved after magnetic field annealing. In 1934, Kelsall systematically studied the regulatory effect of magnetic field annealing on the magnetization behavior of Permalloy, establishing its core mechanism of altering the hysteresis loop through induced uniaxial anisotropy. To date, magnetic field annealing has developed into five major process systems: longitudinal magnetic field annealing, transverse magnetic field annealing, rotating magnetic field annealing, tilting magnetic field annealing, and pulsed magnetic field treatment. Since Bassett proposed the "Bassett method" in 1959, magnetic field annealing technology has expanded to the field of amorphous / nanocrystalline materials. Longitudinal magnetic field annealing doubles the permeability of Fe-based nanocrystalline materials, transverse magnetic field annealing optimizes the high-frequency loss characteristics of amorphous alloys, and rotating magnetic field annealing enhances the soft / hard magnetic phase exchange coupling by controlling grain orientation. Tilted magnetic field annealing, by applying a static magnetic field at a specific angle, induces the formation of magnetic domain structures with specific three-dimensional orientations, effectively controlling the overall magnetic anisotropy of materials and significantly improving the stability of the overall soft magnetic properties of amorphous / nanocrystalline materials under complex environments. Pulsed magnetic field treatment utilizes instantaneous high-intensity pulsed magnetic fields to drive rapid rearrangement of magnetic moments and short-range atomic diffusion under non-thermal or low-temperature conditions, achieving magnetic domain refinement and rapid performance optimization, providing a new, efficient, and energy-saving approach to traditional heat treatment. The presence of a magnetic field during annealing has a significant impact on the magnetic domain structure, anisotropy, and other magnetic properties of magnetic materials, and has wide applications in improving the soft magnetic properties of materials. The emergence of magnetic field annealing technology has further optimized the performance of amorphous alloy wires, promoting their application in various fields.

[0008] Patent CN117512322A discloses a continuous heat treatment device for nanocrystalline ribbons with constant tensile force. This device utilizes a laterally sliding heat treatment furnace with a side-opening structure. A counterweight-pulley mechanical system linked with a tension sensor is employed to control the tension applied to the ribbon during heat treatment. However, this device still has three limitations: First, while the side-opening structure of the heat treatment furnace facilitates ribbon threading, the sealing rubber gasket is prone to wear during high-frequency sliding, posing a risk of heat leakage and high maintenance costs over long-term use. Second, the counterweight-type static loading annealing device relies on mechanical structures such as counterweights to adjust tension, making it susceptible to interference from friction and inertia, leading to tension fluctuations and preventing programmed control of dynamically alternating tension. Third, it is only applicable to nanocrystalline ribbons and cannot be used for annealing heat treatment of amorphous alloy wires. In addition, the diameter of amorphous alloy wire is usually 10-50μm, which is fundamentally different from that of nanocrystalline ribbon in terms of morphology and mechanical properties. The clamping wheel and winding wheel are designed for flat ribbons. Amorphous alloy wire is cylindrical, with a small diameter and a smooth surface. The device cannot properly fix and clamp the amorphous alloy wire and achieve transmission. It is easy to loosen, resulting in insufficient compatibility of the device.

[0009] Patent CN117926066A discloses a method for preparing amorphous alloy wire and its annealing apparatus. It employs a multi-physics field coupling annealing process under vacuum, significantly improving the magnetic anisotropy and weak magnetic field sensitivity of the amorphous alloy wire by simultaneously applying tensile stress, a magnetic field, and a stepped current. However, this apparatus still has two main limitations: first, it can only apply a longitudinal magnetic field to the amorphous alloy wire, and cannot flexibly switch between transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields; second, the wire length processed each time is limited by the apparatus size (only 15cm of wire is processed in this example), preventing continuous heat treatment of the wire.

[0010] Patent CN117305573A discloses a capsule-type tension-magnetic field coupled annealing furnace based on Helmholtz coils, including an unwinding device, a heating furnace unit, a winding device, and a cooling device. The heating furnace units are arranged in a straight line. The unwinding device feeds the unwound amorphous alloy strip into the heating furnace unit located at the first end, and after passing through several heating furnace units, it is sent to the cooling device. After being sent out by the cooling device, the amorphous alloy strip is wound into a roll by the winding device. However, this annealing furnace still has two main limitations: first, although the annealing furnace is equipped with two sets of fixed Helmholtz coils, it can only apply a magnetic field in a fixed direction (parallel to the length or width direction of the strip), and cannot flexibly switch or combine magnetic fields (such as tilted magnetic fields); second, the load type is limited. The annealing furnace relies on the mechanical feedback of speed sensors and tension fine-tuning rollers, and can only achieve constant tension, and cannot apply dynamic alternating loads.

[0011] Patent CN120311011A discloses an annealing device for the wire drawing process of rare earth alloy conductors, including a workbench, an annealing furnace above the workbench, a power supply box on one side of the annealing furnace, a high-frequency induction heating coil inside the annealing furnace, a rotating seat at one end of the annealing furnace, a rotating block fixedly connected to the upper end face of the rotating seat, a support rod above the rotating block, a rotating screw passing through the support rod, two limiting rods on both sides of the support rod, a connecting curved rod between the limiting rod and the support rod, a support plate horizontally provided at the top of the support rod, a bidirectional screw provided inside the support plate, two clamping rods threaded to both ends of the bidirectional screw, and arc-shaped clamping plates on opposite sides of the clamping rods. However, the equipment still has two main limitations. First, the equipment only has an inlet and an outlet, but does not mention any sealing measures or inert gas protection. The sealing reliability is insufficient during the annealing process, which can easily lead to material oxidation. Second, the equipment relies on a fixed high-frequency induction heating coil for heating. The high-frequency induction requires precise matching of frequency, power and heating time. Improper parameter settings can easily lead to overheating or underheating. Third, the equipment does not introduce a magnetic field device and lacks magnetic field control capability.

[0012] In summary, the existing technology has the following technical problems:

[0013] 1. Insufficient sealing reliability: Existing annealing equipment relies directly on rubber gaskets for sealing. High-frequency sliding leads to accelerated wear, posing a risk of heat leakage and increasing maintenance costs.

[0014] 2. The magnetic field direction is fixed. Existing annealing equipment only supports longitudinal or transverse magnetic fields and cannot achieve the switching of composite magnetic fields, which limits the dimension of magnetic anisotropy control of materials and reduces the space for performance optimization.

[0015] 3. The load type is limited. Existing annealing equipment only applies a constant tensile load, which cannot achieve programmed control of dynamic alternating tensile force, resulting in insufficient stress release.

[0016] 4. Non-continuous processing: Existing annealing equipment only achieves continuous processing for strip materials, and does not achieve continuous processing for wire materials.

[0017] 5. High annealing temperature: Existing annealing equipment generally adopts the traditional thermal aging process, which requires the processing temperature to be maintained near the glass transition temperature and must be much lower than the crystallization temperature. The required annealing temperature is high, and the high temperature environment can easily lead to grain coarsening, affecting the final mechanical properties of the material. Summary of the Invention

[0018] The purpose of this invention is to overcome at least one of the defects of the prior art by providing a continuous annealing device and method for amorphous alloy wires based on alternating load-assisted magnetic field. This invention effectively promotes the isotropic release of the internal stress field of amorphous alloy wires and better designs materials for specific magnetic anisotropy requirements.

[0019] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0020] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a continuous annealing device for amorphous alloy wire based on an alternating load assisted magnetic field, the device including a magnetic field device, a heat treatment furnace, an alternating load device and a winding device;

[0021] The magnetic field device includes a transverse Helmholtz coil and a longitudinal Helmholtz coil. The transverse Helmholtz coil is transversely wrapped around the heat treatment furnace, and its axis is perpendicular to the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire. The longitudinal Helmholtz coil is longitudinally wrapped around the heat treatment furnace, and its axis is parallel to the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire. The transverse and longitudinal Helmholtz coils together form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil. By controlling the tangential and axial current of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the transverse magnetic field, longitudinal magnetic field, and tilting magnetic field applied to the amorphous alloy wire can be switched in real time.

[0022] The heat treatment furnace includes a furnace box that provides a sealed environment to prevent oxidation of the amorphous alloy wire. The furnace box is provided with a furnace chamber, and a heating device is provided on the furnace chamber. The furnace chamber provides a controlled heat treatment environment for the amorphous alloy wire, so that the amorphous alloy wire obtains the required temperature, atmosphere and conditions during the annealing process.

[0023] The alternating load device includes a three-dimensional assembly stage and a fixture. The fixture is set on the three-dimensional assembly stage and holds an amorphous alloy wire. The three-dimensional assembly stage controls the three-axis movement of the clamping end of the amorphous alloy wire in the x, y, and z directions. Two displacement sensors are symmetrically installed on both sides of the amorphous alloy wire, perpendicular to the axial direction of the amorphous alloy wire. The probes of the displacement sensors are precisely aligned with the surface of the amorphous alloy wire to measure minute changes in the diameter direction of the amorphous alloy wire. Based on Hooke's law and the Poisson ratio relationship in the Poisson effect, the tensile load of the amorphous alloy wire is detected by measuring the lateral contraction of the amorphous alloy wire itself. Thus, the displacement sensors on the right and left sides of the heat treatment furnace jointly detect the tensile load of the amorphous alloy wire.

[0024] The winding device includes a wire feeding roller, a wire taking roller, and a wire taking motor. The wire taking roller is connected to the wire taking motor. The wire feeding roller winds the amorphous alloy wire before the annealing begins and feeds the wire to the heat treatment furnace. After the alternating load devices on both sides of the heat treatment furnace clamp the amorphous alloy wire, it is annealed under dynamic magnetic field and alternating load conditions. The wire taking motor drives the wire taking roller to complete the wire taking.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, the furnace box is fixed to the machine body by a base, the base serving as a support, and the machine body supporting the various components.

[0026] Furthermore, the furnace chamber is provided with a heat insulation layer, which plays a heat preservation role during the annealing process, so that a constant temperature zone is formed inside the furnace chamber. The heating device uses a heating wire, which is wound around the furnace chamber. The heating wire generates heat when energized, raising the temperature of the furnace chamber. The furnace chamber with the heating wire is fixed to the heat insulation layer by a fixing ring.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution, the outer end face of the fixing ring is flush with the surface of the furnace box and the insulation layer, the inner and outer wall surfaces are in contact with the furnace chamber and the insulation layer, and the furnace chamber extends out of the furnace box.

[0028] Furthermore, a loading tube is arranged inside the furnace, and an amorphous alloy wire runs through the loading tube. The loading tube with the amorphous alloy wire is fixed inside the furnace by a limiting ring. The limiting ring ensures that the loading tube, which is pushed into the furnace and carries the amorphous alloy wire, is precisely positioned in the uniform temperature zone of the furnace. The furnace is sealed by a sealing plug to ensure that the furnace has good airtightness and achieves an oxygen-closed environment.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution, the outer end face of the limiting ring is flush with the surface of the furnace box and the insulation layer. The limiting ring includes an inner ring, an outer ring and a connecting plate. The inner ring fits into the loading pipe, the outer ring fits into the furnace chamber, and the inner ring and the outer ring are connected by the connecting plate.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution, the outer diameter of the amorphous alloy wire is 10–50 μm, and the inner diameter of the loading tube is 0.5–1 cm, wherein the inner diameter of the loading tube is larger than the outer diameter of the amorphous alloy wire.

[0031] The outer diameter of the loading tube is 1-2 cm, and the outer diameter of the loading tube is the same as the inner diameter of the limiting ring.

[0032] The loading pipe is 30-40cm long, and the furnace chamber is 50-60cm long. The length of the loading pipe is shorter than the length of the furnace chamber.

[0033] The distance between the two limiting rings is 25-30cm, and the length of the loading tube is greater than the distance between the two limiting rings.

[0034] Furthermore, the sealing plug is provided with a wire-passing hole and a gas-supplying hole. The wire-passing hole is used to maintain the passage of the amorphous alloy wire during the annealing process. After the amorphous alloy wire passes through the wire-passing hole, the wire-passing hole is sealed with vacuum sealant. The gas-supplying hole is used to supply protective gas for annealing into the furnace during the annealing process. A thermometer insertion hole is provided on one end of the sealing plug, and a thermometer is inserted into the thermometer insertion hole to measure the temperature inside the furnace.

[0035] As a preferred technical solution, the inner diameter of the wire-threading hole is 2 to 2.5 cm, and the outer diameter of the loading tube is smaller than the inner diameter of the wire-threading hole.

[0036] Furthermore, the three-dimensional assembly stage includes an x-axis translation stage, a y-axis translation stage, and a z-axis lifting stage.

[0037] The x-axis translation stage includes an x-axis slide, a drive motor, and an x-axis slider. The drive motor serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the x-axis slider to translate along the x-axis direction on the x-axis slide.

[0038] The y-axis translation stage includes a y-axis slide, a drive motor, and a y-axis slider. The drive motor serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the y-axis slider to translate along the y-axis direction on the y-axis slide.

[0039] The z-axis lifting platform includes a z-axis slide, a drive motor, a z-axis slider, and a lifting support. The drive motor serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the z-axis slider to move up and down along the z-axis direction on the z-axis slide.

[0040] The y-axis slide is fixed on the x-axis slider. The lifting support includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate. The vertical plate is disposed on the horizontal plate and the horizontal plate is fixed on the y-axis slider. The z-axis slide is fixed on the vertical plate. The slide serves as a support and guide rail. Under the condition of a uniform slide design, the lifting support serves as a support and direction conversion function, avoiding interference of the z-axis lifting stage's lifting and lowering on the y-axis translation stage. The clamp is fixed on the z-axis slider.

[0041] As a preferred technical solution, the x-axis slide is fixed to the machine body.

[0042] Furthermore, the fixture includes a jaw base, a jaw, a lead screw, and a rotary bar. The jaw base is fixed to the z-axis slider, the jaw is disposed within the jaw base, the lead screw passes through the jaw base, and a rotary bar is provided at the end of the lead screw. The jaw is sleeved on the lead screw, and the rotation of the rotary bar drives the lead screw to move, causing the jaw to move synchronously in opposite directions. A displacement sensor is provided on the jaw base. The jaw base serves as a support structure, connecting and fixing other parts of the fixture, providing guidance, and ensuring the stability and straightness of the jaw's left and right movement. The lead screw converts the rotational motion of the rotary bar into linear motion, causing the jaw to move synchronously. The jaw, as a gripper that directly contacts the amorphous alloy wire, engages with the left and right threads of the lead screw, clamping or releasing the amorphous alloy wire through synchronous movement in opposite directions. The central controller is the core control unit of the entire device. The central controller controls the magnetic field equipment to dynamically adjust the magnetic field, applies alternating loads to the displacement of the three-dimensional combined stage, and synchronously manages the temperature of the heat treatment furnace.

[0043] Furthermore, the clamping mouth includes a right clamping mouth and a left clamping mouth, the lead screw includes a right-hand lead screw and a left-hand lead screw, the right-hand lead screw and the left-hand lead screw are tenon-jointed, the right clamping mouth is sleeved on the right-hand lead screw, and the left clamping mouth is sleeved on the left-hand lead screw.

[0044] Furthermore, a stop pin is inserted into the lead screw to limit the range of movement or prevent loosening, thereby ensuring stable clamping.

[0045] As a preferred technical solution, the inner side of the clamping mouth is provided with a groove, which increases the friction force for clamping the amorphous alloy wire.

[0046] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a continuous annealing method for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field. This method uses the aforementioned apparatus to perform continuous annealing of amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field, and includes the following steps:

[0047] S1. Annealing preparation stage: First, the amorphous alloy wire to be heat-treated is wound onto the wire feeding roller. One end of the amorphous alloy wire is led out and passed through the loading tube. The loading tube is manually pushed to carry the amorphous alloy wire through the wire-passing hole of one end of the sealing plug to the uniform temperature zone of the furnace until both ends of the loading tube are stuck between the limiting rings on both sides of the furnace. The amorphous alloy wire then passes out through the wire-passing hole of the other end of the sealing plug. The two sealing plugs are tightly inserted into both ends of the furnace. Vacuum sealing mud is used to seal the wire-passing hole to ensure airtightness. Protective gas is continuously introduced into the furnace through the gas outlet holes of the sealing plugs at both ends to expel air and prevent oxidation of the amorphous alloy wire. The knob is manually rotated to drive the right and left jaws to move synchronously in opposite directions to clamp both ends of the amorphous alloy wire. The screw position is locked by the stop pin to ensure clamping stability.

[0048] S2. Annealing initialization stage: Start the central controller and preselect the magnetic field direction as horizontal, vertical or inclined; set the displacement parameters of the three-dimensional combination stage and calibrate the zero point of the two displacement sensors; start heating, turn on the power to make the heating wire heat up, monitor the temperature in the furnace in real time through the thermometer, raise the temperature to the target annealing temperature, and maintain the constant temperature zone of the insulation layer.

[0049] When the magnetic field and load are applied simultaneously, the amorphous alloy wire is continuously heated in the constant temperature furnace during the annealing process. At the same time, it is subjected to the mechanical vibration aging effect induced by the dynamic magnetic field and applied by the alternating load, which promotes the relaxation of the dynamic structure, the stress release is more uniform, and the magnetic domain rearrangement is accelerated.

[0050] The take-up motor is started to drive the take-up rollers to slowly wind up the amorphous alloy wire, while the feed rollers release the amorphous alloy wire simultaneously, so that the amorphous alloy wire passes through the furnace at a uniform speed.

[0051] The main reason why vibration aging can help reduce the thermal annealing temperature required to eliminate residual stress in amorphous alloy wires is that the mechanical energy provided by vibration promotes atomic-scale structural rearrangement and relaxation in a manner similar to thermal activation, thus achieving some of the effects of traditional high-temperature annealing at a lower temperature. From a macroscopic perspective, vibration loads activate the shear transition region inside the amorphous alloy wire, leading to minute, non-uniform plastic flow, thereby effectively reducing and homogenizing its residual stress and improving the material's dimensional stability and fatigue performance. From a microscopic perspective, the residual stress in amorphous alloy wires stems from the inhomogeneity of the atomic structure and the uneven distribution of free volume. After a certain period of vibration, due to the movement of free volume and the migration of atoms, the amorphous structure tends to stabilize.

[0052] This invention superimposes applied periodic alternating stress with the residual stress field within the material. In the residual tensile stress region, the tensile stress components generated by the vibration load superimpose, increasing the local total stress. In the residual compressive stress region, the vibration load may generate superposition of compressive stress components or cancellation of tensile stress components. This superposition can cause the local stress to momentarily exceed the material's yield strength. When the local superimposed stress exceeds the yield limit of the amorphous alloy wire, microscopic plastic deformation occurs in that tiny region. This microscopic plastic deformation is mainly achieved through the coordinated movement of shear transition zones and atomic cluster rearrangement. Vibrational energy drives structural relaxation, releasing elastic strain energy. This local microscopic plastic deformation reduces the residual stress level in that region. As vibration continues, this effect accumulates within the amorphous alloy wire, ultimately significantly reducing and homogenizing the overall residual stress.

[0053] As a preferred technical solution, in step S2, the current of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is set to 0-10A; the displacement parameters of the three-dimensional assembly stage are set to a frequency of 0.1-10Hz and an amplitude of 0.1-5%; and the target annealing temperature is 300-500℃.

[0054] As a preferred technical solution, the winding speed in step S2 can be adjusted to 1-50 mm / min.

[0055] As a preferred technical solution, after the post-annealing in step S2, the heating wire is turned off, and the protective gas is kept flowing until the furnace cools to room temperature; the clamps are loosened and the amorphous alloy wire is removed to complete the annealing process.

[0056] Furthermore, in step S2, the first step is dynamic magnetic field control, which dynamically switches the axial and tangential currents of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil through the central controller to adjust the magnetic field direction in real time, such as switching cyclically from horizontal to tilted to vertical.

[0057] If a transverse magnetic field is applied, current flows through the transverse Helmholtz coil, while the current in the longitudinal Helmholtz coil is 0.

[0058] If a longitudinal magnetic field is applied, current flows through the longitudinal Helmholtz coil, while the current in the transverse Helmholtz coil is 0.

[0059] If an inclined magnetic field is applied, the transverse Helmholtz coil and the longitudinal Helmholtz coil are supplied with current in proportion;

[0060] Secondly, alternating loads are applied. The central controller drives the transmission motor, which in turn drives the displacement ΔL of the three-dimensional assembly stage. ΔL = strain × gauge length of the amorphous alloy wire. This controls the movement of the x-axis translation stage, y-axis translation stage, and z-axis lifting stage, applying periodic tensile-relaxation stress to the amorphous alloy wire. The displacement sensor provides real-time feedback of load data.

[0061] As a preferred technical solution, applying a tilted magnetic field to a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil essentially utilizes its vector superposition property. A two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is usually composed of two pairs of Helmholtz coils placed perpendicular to each other (usually called the X-axis pair and the Y-axis pair). The key to applying a tilted magnetic field is to independently control the current in these two pairs of Helmholtz coils. By independently adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current in the two pairs of Helmholtz coils, a tilted magnetic field can be applied to the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil.

[0062] Let the currents in the transverse Helmholtz coil and the longitudinal Helmholtz coil be I1 and I2, respectively. Then the direction of the combined magnetic field forms an angle θ with the axis of the amorphous alloy wire, satisfying θ = arctan(I1 / I2). Meanwhile, assuming I0 is the reference current, I1 = I0sinθ and I2 = I0cosθ are satisfied according to the set currents.

[0063] As a preferred technical solution, the dynamic mode selection supports sine wave, square wave or custom waveform loading, and receives feedback from displacement sensor in real time to achieve closed-loop control to prevent overload breakage.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0065] (1) The present invention has high sealing reliability. It adopts a loading tube for wire threading. During annealing, the amorphous alloy wire is inserted into the loading tube. Then, the loading tube containing the amorphous alloy wire is pushed into the furnace through the wire threading hole of the sealing plug at one end. Two limiting rings are placed at both ends of the furnace so that the loading tube pushed into the furnace can be stuck in the uniform temperature zone of the furnace. The amorphous alloy wire is led out from the wire threading hole of the sealing plug at the other end and the sealing plugs at both ends are closed. During the wire threading process, protective gas is continuously introduced into the furnace and air is discharged to prevent the amorphous alloy wire from oxidizing. Vacuum sealing mud is used to seal the gap at both ends of the wire threading hole to ensure that the furnace has a relatively high airtightness, eliminate the wear of the device parts, greatly improve the sealing reliability, and can be used for a long time.

[0066] (2) The magnetic field direction of this invention is variable. By controlling the axial / tangential current of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the transverse magnetic field, longitudinal magnetic field and tilted magnetic field can be switched in real time, which can better target the material design for specific magnetic anisotropy requirements.

[0067] (3) The alternating load control of the present invention uses the combination of three-dimensional combination stage and fixture located on both sides of the furnace opening to change the displacement to control the tension. Through dynamic stretching-relaxation, the dynamic structure is relaxed, the stress is released more evenly, the magnetic domain rearrangement is accelerated, and the isotropic release of the internal stress field of the amorphous alloy wire is effectively promoted, which provides a guarantee for subsequent directional induction of controllable anisotropy.

[0068] (4) The present invention enables continuous operation. After a section of amorphous alloy wire is annealed, the clamps at both ends of the clamp are loosened slightly by using a knob bar. The amorphous alloy wire is wound along the gap at the end face of the clamp and the take-up roller is driven by the take-up motor to perform the annealing of the next section of amorphous alloy wire, thus achieving continuous annealing. The present invention can realize continuous operation of wire and strip materials, solving the limitation of existing devices that only achieve continuous processing for strip materials.

[0069] (5) The present invention has a low annealing temperature and applies an alternating load to the amorphous alloy wire to achieve the effect of vibration aging, thereby reducing the annealing temperature and time of thermal aging annealing. Attached Figure Description

[0070] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous annealing device for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load auxiliary magnetic field in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat treatment furnace in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first sealing plug end face in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second sealing plug end face in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace structure during the loading of amorphous alloy wires in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first alternating load device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second alternating load device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixture in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Explanation of markings in the diagram:

[0079] 1—Body, 2—First transverse Helmholtz coil, 3—Second transverse Helmholtz coil, 4—First longitudinal Helmholtz coil, 5—Second longitudinal Helmholtz coil;

[0080] 6—Loading pipe, 7—First sealing plug, 8—Second sealing plug, 9—First wire threading hole, 10—Second wire threading hole, 11—First gas supply hole, 12—Second gas supply hole, 13—Thermometer socket, 14—Thermometer, 15—First limiting ring, 16—Second limiting ring, 17—Furnace chamber, 18—First fixing ring, 19—Second fixing ring, 20—Furnace box, 21—Insulation layer, 22—First base, 23—Second base, 24—Heating wire;

[0081] 25—Second x-axis slide, 26—Second y-axis slide, 27—Second z-axis slide, 28—Second drive motor, 29—Second x-axis slider, 30—Second y-axis slider, 31—Second z-axis slider, 32—Second lifting support, 33—Second clamp base, 34—Second right clamp, 35—Second left clamp, 36—Second right-hand lead screw, 37—Second left-hand lead screw, 38—Second knob bar, 39—Second stop pin, 40—Second displacement sensor;

[0082] 41—Feeding roller, 42—Take-up roller, 43—Take-up motor, 44—Amorphous alloy wire, 45—Central controller;

[0083] 46—First x-axis slide block, 47—First y-axis slide block, 48—First z-axis slide block, 49—First transmission motor, 50—First x-axis slider, 51—First y-axis slider, 52—First z-axis slider, 53—First lifting support, 54—First clamp base, 55—First right clamp, 56—First left clamp, 57—First right-hand lead screw, 58—First left-hand lead screw, 59—First knob bar, 60—First stop pin, 61—First displacement sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0084] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0085] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., used to describe a common object only indicate different instances of the same object, and do not imply that the objects described in this way must be in a given order, whether temporally, spatially, sequentially, or in any other way.

[0086] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0087] Example:

[0088] A continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a magnetic field device, a heat treatment furnace, an alternating load device, and a winding device;

[0089] The magnetic field device includes a transverse Helmholtz coil and a longitudinal Helmholtz coil. The transverse Helmholtz coil is transversely wrapped around the heat treatment furnace, and its axis is perpendicular to the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire 44. The longitudinal Helmholtz coil is longitudinally wrapped around the heat treatment furnace, and its axis is parallel to the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire 44. The transverse and longitudinal Helmholtz coils together form a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil. By controlling the tangential and axial current of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil, the transverse magnetic field, longitudinal magnetic field, and tilting magnetic field applied to the amorphous alloy wire 44 can be switched in real time.

[0090] In this embodiment, the transverse Helmholtz coils include a first transverse Helmholtz coil 2 on the upper side of the heat treatment furnace and a second transverse Helmholtz coil 3 on the lower side. The longitudinal Helmholtz coils include a first longitudinal Helmholtz coil 4 on the left side of the heat treatment furnace and a second longitudinal Helmholtz coil 5 on the right side. The first transverse Helmholtz coil 2 and the second transverse Helmholtz coil 3 are arranged in parallel, and the first longitudinal Helmholtz coil 4 and the second longitudinal Helmholtz coil 5 are arranged in parallel. The first transverse Helmholtz coil 2 and the second transverse Helmholtz coil 3 surround the first longitudinal Helmholtz coil 4 and the second longitudinal Helmholtz coil 5.

[0091] The heat treatment furnace includes a furnace box 20, which provides a sealed environment to prevent the amorphous alloy wire 44 from being oxidized. The furnace box 20 is provided with a furnace chamber 17, and heating equipment is provided on the furnace chamber 17. The furnace chamber 17 provides a controlled heat treatment environment for the amorphous alloy wire 44, so that the amorphous alloy wire 44 obtains the required temperature, atmosphere and conditions during the annealing process.

[0092] In this embodiment, the furnace box 20 is made of sheet metal and is cylindrical in shape. The cylindrical shape is suitable for the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire 44 and the arrangement direction of the longitudinal Helmholtz coil.

[0093] The furnace box 20 is fixed to the machine body 1 by a base, which serves as a support and the machine body 1 is used to support the various components.

[0094] In this embodiment, the base is provided with a first base 22 on the left side of the furnace box 20 and a second base 23 on the right side, and the machine body 1 is an experimental table;

[0095] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, a heat insulation layer 21 is provided inside the furnace box 20. The heat insulation layer 21 plays a heat preservation role during the annealing process, so that a constant temperature zone is formed inside the furnace chamber 17. The heating device is a heating wire 24. The heating wire 24 is wound on the furnace chamber 17. The heating wire 24 heats up when energized, which raises the temperature of the furnace chamber 17. The furnace chamber 17 with the heating wire 24 wound on it is fixed inside the heat insulation layer 21 by a fixing ring.

[0096] In this embodiment, the insulation layer 21 is made of insulation bricks, the heating wire 24 is made of electric heating wire, and the fixing ring is provided with a first fixing ring 18 at the right end of the furnace chamber 17 and a second fixing ring 19 at the left end. The outer end faces of the first fixing ring 18 and the second fixing ring 19 are flush with the surfaces of the furnace box 20 and the insulation layer 21. The inner and outer walls are attached to the furnace chamber 17 and the insulation layer 21, and the furnace chamber 17 extends out of the furnace box 20.

[0097] A loading tube 6 is arranged inside the furnace chamber 17. An amorphous alloy wire 44 passes through the loading tube 6. The loading tube 6 with the amorphous alloy wire 44 is fixed inside the furnace chamber 17 by a limiting ring. The limiting ring ensures that the loading tube 6, which is pushed into the furnace chamber 17 and carries the amorphous alloy wire 44, can be precisely locked in the uniform temperature zone of the furnace chamber 17. The furnace chamber 17 is sealed by a sealing plug to ensure that the furnace chamber 17 has good airtightness and achieves an oxygen-closed environment.

[0098] In this embodiment, the loading tube 6 is made of glass. The limiting ring is provided with a first limiting ring 15 on the right side of the loading tube 6 and a second limiting ring 16 on the left side. The outer end faces of the first limiting ring 15 and the second limiting ring 16 are flush with the surfaces of the furnace box 20 and the insulation layer 21. The limiting ring includes an inner ring, an outer ring and a connecting plate. The inner ring is attached to the loading tube 6 and the outer ring is attached to the furnace chamber 17. The inner ring and the outer ring are connected by the connecting plate. The sealing plug is made of rubber. The limiting ring is provided with a first sealing plug 7 at the right end of the furnace chamber 17 and a second sealing plug 8 at the left end.

[0099] The outer diameter of the amorphous alloy wire 44 is 10–50 μm, preferably 30 μm in this embodiment. The inner diameter of the loading tube 6 is 0.5–1 cm, preferably 0.75 cm in this embodiment. The inner diameter of the loading tube 6 is larger than the outer diameter of the amorphous alloy wire 44.

[0100] The outer diameter of the loading tube 6 is 1-2 cm, preferably 1.5 cm in this embodiment. The outer diameter of the loading tube 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the limiting ring.

[0101] The length of the loading pipe 6 is 30-40cm, preferably 35cm in this embodiment, and the length of the furnace chamber 17 is 50-60cm, preferably 55cm in this embodiment. The length of the loading pipe 6 is shorter than the length of the furnace chamber 17.

[0102] The distance between the two limiting rings is 25-30cm, preferably 27.5cm in this embodiment, and the length of the loading tube 6 is greater than the distance between the two limiting rings;

[0103] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the sealing plug has a wire-passing hole and a gas-supplying hole. The wire-passing hole is used to maintain the passage of the amorphous alloy wire 44 during the annealing process. After the amorphous alloy wire 44 passes through the wire-passing hole, the wire-passing hole is sealed with vacuum sealant. The gas-supplying hole is used to supply the protective gas for annealing into the furnace 17 during the annealing process. A thermometer insertion hole 13 is opened on one end of the sealing plug. A thermometer 14 is inserted into the thermometer insertion hole 13 and the thermometer 14 measures the temperature inside the furnace 17.

[0104] In this embodiment, the first sealing plug 7 is provided with a first wire-threading hole 9 and a first air supply hole 11, and the second sealing plug 8 is provided with a thermometer insertion hole 13, a second wire-threading hole 10 and a second air supply hole 12. The thermometer is a thermocouple.

[0105] The inner diameter of the threading hole is 2 to 2.5 cm, preferably 2.25 cm in this embodiment, and the outer diameter of the loading tube 6 is smaller than the inner diameter of the threading hole;

[0106] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the alternating load device includes a three-dimensional assembly stage and a fixture. The fixture is set on the three-dimensional assembly stage and holds the amorphous alloy wire 44. The three-dimensional assembly stage controls the three-axis movement of the clamping end of the amorphous alloy wire 44 in the xyz direction. Two displacement sensors are symmetrically installed on both sides of the amorphous alloy wire 44, perpendicular to the axial direction of the amorphous alloy wire 44. The probes of the displacement sensors are precisely aligned with the surface of the amorphous alloy wire 44 to measure the minute changes in the diameter direction of the amorphous alloy wire 44. According to Hooke's law and the Poisson ratio relationship in the Poisson effect, the lateral contraction of the amorphous alloy wire 44 itself is measured. Thus, the displacement sensors on the right and left sides of the heat treatment furnace jointly detect the tensile load of the amorphous alloy wire 44.

[0107] In this embodiment, a high-precision, non-contact laser displacement sensor is selected as the displacement sensor;

[0108] The 3D assembly stage includes an x-axis translation stage, a y-axis translation stage, and a z-axis lifting stage.

[0109] The x-axis translation stage includes an x-axis slide, a drive motor, and an x-axis slider. The drive motor serves as the drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion, which drives the x-axis slider to translate along the x-axis direction on the x-axis slide.

[0110] The y-axis translation stage includes a y-axis slide, a drive motor, and a y-axis slider. The drive motor acts as the drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion, which drives the y-axis slider to translate along the y-axis direction on the y-axis slide.

[0111] The Z-axis lifting table includes a Z-axis slide, a drive motor, a Z-axis slider, and a lifting support. The drive motor serves as the drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotary motion, which drives the Z-axis slider to move up and down along the Z-axis on the Z-axis slide.

[0112] The y-axis slide is fixed on the x-axis slide. The lifting support includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate. The vertical plate is set on the horizontal plate and the horizontal plate is fixed on the y-axis slide. The z-axis slide is fixed on the vertical plate. The slide serves as a support and guide rail. Under the condition of a unified slide design, the lifting support serves as a support and direction conversion function, avoiding interference of the z-axis lifting stage on the y-axis translation stage. The clamp is fixed on the z-axis slide.

[0113] The x-axis slide is fixed to the machine body 1;

[0114] In this embodiment, a stepper motor is selected as the drive motor;

[0115] In this embodiment, the alternating load device includes a first alternating load device on the right side of the heat treatment furnace and a first alternating load device on the left side;

[0116] The three-dimensional assembly stage on the right side of the heat treatment furnace includes a first x-axis translation stage, a first y-axis translation stage, and a first z-axis lifting stage.

[0117] The first x-axis translation stage includes a first x-axis slide 46, a first drive motor 49, and a first x-axis slider 50. The first drive motor 49 serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the first x-axis slider 50 to translate along the x-axis direction on the first x-axis slide 46.

[0118] The first y-axis translation stage includes a first y-axis slide 47, a first drive motor 49, and a first y-axis slider 51. The first drive motor 49 serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the first y-axis slider 51 to translate along the y-axis direction on the first y-axis slide 47.

[0119] The first z-axis lifting platform includes a first z-axis slide 48, a first drive motor 49, a first z-axis slider 52, and a first lifting support 53. The first drive motor 49 serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the first z-axis slider 52 to move up and down along the z-axis on the first z-axis slide 48.

[0120] The first y-axis slide 47 is fixed on the first x-axis slider 50. The first lifting support 53 includes a first transverse plate and a first longitudinal plate. The first longitudinal plate is disposed on the first transverse plate. The first transverse plate is fixed on the first y-axis slider 51. The first z-axis slide 48 is fixed on the first longitudinal plate. The first clamp on the right side of the heat treatment furnace is fixed on the first z-axis slider 52.

[0121] The first x-axis slide 46 is fixed to the body 1;

[0122] The three-dimensional assembly stage on the left side of the heat treatment furnace includes a second x-axis translation stage, a second y-axis translation stage, and a second z-axis lifting stage.

[0123] The second x-axis translation stage includes a second x-axis slide 25, a second drive motor 28, and a second x-axis slider 29. The second drive motor 28 serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the second x-axis slider 29 to translate along the x-axis direction on the second x-axis slide 25.

[0124] The second y-axis translation stage includes a second y-axis slide 26, a second drive motor 28, and a second y-axis slider 30. The second drive motor 28 serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the second y-axis slider 30 to translate along the y-axis direction on the second y-axis slide 26.

[0125] The second z-axis lifting platform includes a second z-axis slide 27, a second drive motor 28, a second z-axis slider 31, and a second lifting support 32. The second drive motor 28 serves as a drive source, converting electrical pulse signals into rotational motion to drive the second z-axis slider 31 to move up and down along the z-axis on the second z-axis slide 27.

[0126] The second y-axis slide 26 is fixed on the second x-axis slider 29. The second lifting support 32 includes a second transverse plate and a second longitudinal plate. The second longitudinal plate is disposed on the second transverse plate. The second transverse plate is fixed on the second y-axis slider 30. The second z-axis slide 27 is fixed on the second longitudinal plate. The second clamp on the right side of the heat treatment furnace is fixed on the second z-axis slider 31.

[0127] The second x-axis slide 25 is fixed to the machine body 1;

[0128] like Figure 8 As shown, the fixture includes a jaw base, a jaw, a lead screw, and a rotary bar. The jaw base is fixed on the z-axis slider, and the jaw is set inside the jaw base. The lead screw passes through the jaw base, and a rotary bar is set at the end of the lead screw. The jaw is sleeved on the lead screw. The rotation of the rotary bar drives the lead screw to move, causing the jaw to move synchronously in opposite directions. A displacement sensor is set on the jaw base. The jaw base serves as a support structure, connecting and fixing other parts of the fixture, providing guidance, and ensuring the stability and linearity of the jaw's left and right movement. The lead screw converts the rotational motion of the rotary bar into linear motion, causing the jaw to move synchronously. The jaw, as a gripper that directly contacts the amorphous alloy wire 44, engages with the left and right threads of the lead screw. By moving synchronously in opposite directions, it clamps or releases the amorphous alloy wire 44. The central controller 45 is the core control unit of the entire device. The central controller 45 controls the magnetic field equipment to dynamically adjust the magnetic field, apply alternating loads to the displacement of the three-dimensional combination stage, and synchronously manage the temperature of the heat treatment furnace.

[0129] The clamp includes a right clamp and a left clamp, and the lead screw includes a right-hand lead screw and a left-hand lead screw. The right-hand lead screw and the left-hand lead screw are tenon-and-mortise engaged. The right clamp is fitted onto the right-hand lead screw, and the left clamp is fitted onto the left-hand lead screw.

[0130] A stop pin is inserted on the lead screw. The stop pin limits the range of movement or prevents loosening, ensuring stable clamping.

[0131] The inner side of the clamp is provided with a groove, which increases the friction for clamping the amorphous alloy wire 44;

[0132] In this embodiment, the clamp on the right side of the heat treatment furnace includes a first clamp base 54, a first clamp, a first lead screw, and a first knob bar 59. The first clamp base 54 is fixed on the first z-axis slider 52. The first clamp is disposed inside the first clamp base 54. The first lead screw passes through the first clamp base 54. The end of the first lead screw is provided with a first knob bar 59. The first clamp is sleeved on the first lead screw. The first lead screw is driven to move by rotating the first knob bar 59, which in turn drives the first clamp to move synchronously in opposite directions. A first displacement sensor 61 is provided on the first clamp base.

[0133] The first clamp includes a first right clamp 55 and a first left clamp 56, and the first lead screw includes a first right-hand lead screw 57 and a first left-hand lead screw 58. The first right-hand lead screw 57 and the first left-hand lead screw 58 are tenon-and-mortise engaged. The first right clamp 55 is sleeved on the first right-hand lead screw 57, and the first left clamp 56 is sleeved on the first left-hand lead screw 58. The end of the first right-hand lead screw 57 is provided with a first knob bar 59.

[0134] A first stop pin 60 is inserted into the first lead screw;

[0135] The fixture on the left side of the heat treatment furnace includes a second clamping base 33, a second clamping mouth, a second lead screw, and a second knob bar 38. The second clamping base 33 is fixed on the second z-axis slider 31. The second clamping mouth is disposed inside the second clamping base 33. The second lead screw passes through the second clamping base 33. The end of the second lead screw is provided with a second knob bar 38. The second clamping mouth is sleeved on the second lead screw. The second lead screw is driven to move by rotating the second knob bar 38, which in turn drives the second clamping mouth to move synchronously in opposite directions. A second displacement sensor 40 is provided on the second clamping base.

[0136] The second clamp includes a second right clamp 34 and a second left clamp 35. The second lead screw includes a second right-hand lead screw 36 and a second left-hand lead screw 37. The second right-hand lead screw 36 and the second left-hand lead screw 37 are tenon-and-mortise engaged. The second right clamp 34 is sleeved on the second right-hand lead screw 36, and the second left clamp 35 is sleeved on the second left-hand lead screw 37. A second knob bar 38 is provided at the end of the second right-hand lead screw 36.

[0137] A second stop pin 39 is inserted into the second lead screw;

[0138] The winding device includes a wire feeding roller 41, a wire taking roller 42, and a wire taking motor 43. The wire taking roller 42 is connected to the wire taking motor 43. The wire feeding roller 41 winds the amorphous alloy wire 44 before the annealing begins and feeds the wire to the heat treatment furnace. After the alternating load devices on both sides of the heat treatment furnace clamp the amorphous alloy wire 44, the wire is annealed under dynamic magnetic field and alternating load conditions. The wire taking motor 43 drives the wire taking roller 42 to complete the wire taking.

[0139] A continuous annealing method for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field is disclosed. The method utilizes the aforementioned apparatus for continuous annealing of amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field. The specific steps are as follows:

[0140] S1. Annealing preparation stage: First, the amorphous alloy wire 44 to be heat-treated is wound onto the wire feeding roller 41. One end of the amorphous alloy wire 44 is led out and passed through the loading tube 6. By manually pushing, the loading tube 6 carries the amorphous alloy wire 44 through the wire-passing hole of one end of the sealing plug to the uniform temperature zone of the furnace 17 until both ends of the loading tube 6 are stuck between the limiting rings on both sides inside the furnace 17. The amorphous alloy wire 44 then passes out from the wire-passing hole of the other end of the sealing plug. The two sealing plugs are tightly inserted into both ends of the furnace 17, and the wire-passing hole is sealed with vacuum sealant to ensure airtightness. Protective gas is continuously introduced into the furnace 17 through the gas outlet holes of the sealing plugs at both ends. In this embodiment, high-purity argon is preferred. Air is discharged to prevent the amorphous alloy wire 44 from oxidizing. The knob bar is manually rotated to drive the right and left jaws to move synchronously in opposite directions, clamping both ends of the amorphous alloy wire 44. The screw position is locked by the stop pin to ensure clamping stability.

[0141] S2. Annealing initialization stage: Start the central controller, set the current of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil to 0-10A, and preselect the magnetic field direction as transverse, longitudinal, or inclined; set the displacement parameters of the three-dimensional combination stage, such as frequency of 0.1-10Hz and amplitude of 0.1-5%, and calibrate the zero point of the two displacement sensors; start heating, turn on the power to make the heating wire 24 heat up, and monitor the temperature in the furnace 17 in real time through the thermometer 14 (range 0-600℃), and raise the temperature to the target annealing temperature, such as 300-500℃, preferably 400℃ in this embodiment, and the heat preservation layer 21 maintains the constant temperature zone;

[0142] The magnetic field and load are applied synchronously. First, the magnetic field is dynamically controlled. The axial and tangential currents of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil are dynamically switched by the central controller 45 to adjust the direction of the magnetic field in real time, such as switching cyclically from horizontal to inclined to vertical.

[0143] Applying a tilted magnetic field to a two-dimensional Helmholtz coil essentially utilizes its vector superposition property. A two-dimensional Helmholtz coil is usually composed of two pairs of Helmholtz coils placed perpendicular to each other (usually called the X-axis pair and the Y-axis pair). The key to applying a tilted magnetic field is to independently control the current in these two pairs of Helmholtz coils. By independently adjusting the magnitude and direction of the current in the two pairs of Helmholtz coils, a tilted magnetic field can be applied to the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil.

[0144] Let the currents in the transverse Helmholtz coil and the longitudinal Helmholtz coil be I1 and I2, respectively. Then the direction of the combined magnetic field makes an angle θ with the axis of the amorphous alloy wire 44, satisfying θ=arctan(I1 / I2). At the same time, assume I0 is the reference current, and according to the set current, I1=I0sinθ and I2=I0cosθ, respectively.

[0145] If a transverse magnetic field is applied, the first transverse Helmholtz coil 2 and the second transverse Helmholtz coil 3 are supplied with current in the same direction, preferably +5A in this embodiment, while the current in the first longitudinal Helmholtz coil 4 and the second longitudinal Helmholtz coil 5 is 0.

[0146] If a longitudinal magnetic field is applied, the first longitudinal Helmholtz coil 4 and the second longitudinal Helmholtz coil 5 are supplied with current in the same direction, preferably +5A in this embodiment, while the current in the first transverse Helmholtz coil 2 and the second transverse Helmholtz coil 3 is 0.

[0147] If an inclined magnetic field is applied, the first transverse Helmholtz coil 2 and the second transverse Helmholtz coil 3 are supplied with current proportionally to the first longitudinal Helmholtz coil 4 and the second longitudinal Helmholtz coil 5. In this embodiment, the transverse current is +3A and the longitudinal current is +4A.

[0148] Secondly, alternating loads are applied. The central controller 45 drives the transmission motor, which in turn drives the displacement ΔL of the three-dimensional assembly stage. ΔL = strain × gauge length of the amorphous alloy wire 44. This controls the movement of the x-axis translation stage, y-axis translation stage, and z-axis lifting stage, applying periodic tensile-relaxation stress to the amorphous alloy wire 44. In this embodiment, a strain with a frequency of 5Hz and an amplitude of 2.5% is preferred. The displacement sensor provides real-time feedback of load data.

[0149] The dynamic mode selection supports sine wave, square wave or custom waveform loading, and receives real-time feedback from displacement sensor (range 0~2mm, accuracy ≤±0.1% FS) to achieve closed-loop control to prevent overload breakage;

[0150] During the annealing process, the amorphous alloy wire 44 is continuously heated in the constant temperature furnace 17, and at the same time, it is subjected to the mechanical vibration aging effect induced by the dynamic magnetic field and applied by the alternating load, which promotes the relaxation of the dynamic structure, the stress release is more uniform, and the magnetic domain rearrangement is accelerated.

[0151] Start the take-up motor 43 to drive the take-up roller 42 to slowly wind up the amorphous alloy wire 44. The wire feeding roller 41 releases the amorphous alloy wire 44 simultaneously, so that the amorphous alloy wire 44 passes through the furnace chamber 17 at a uniform speed. The winding speed is adjustable, such as 1 to 50 mm / min. In this embodiment, it is preferably 25 mm / min.

[0152] S3. After annealing, turn off the heating wire 24 and keep the protective gas flowing to the furnace chamber 17 to cool to room temperature; loosen the clamp and remove the amorphous alloy wire 44 to complete the annealing process.

[0153] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field, characterized in that, The device includes a magnetic field device, a heat treatment furnace, an alternating load device, and a winding device; The magnetic field device includes a transverse Helmholtz coil and a longitudinal Helmholtz coil. The transverse Helmholtz coil is transversely wrapped around the heat treatment furnace, and the axis of the transverse Helmholtz coil is perpendicular to the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire (44). The longitudinal Helmholtz coil is longitudinally wrapped around the heat treatment furnace, and the axis of the longitudinal Helmholtz coil is parallel to the wire threading direction of the amorphous alloy wire (44). The heat treatment furnace includes a furnace box (20), a furnace chamber (17) is provided inside the furnace box (20), and a heating device is provided on the furnace chamber (17); The alternating load device includes a three-dimensional assembly table and a fixture. The fixture is set on the three-dimensional assembly table and holds an amorphous alloy wire (44). Displacement sensors are installed on both sides of the amorphous alloy wire (44) to detect tensile load by measuring the lateral shrinkage of the amorphous alloy wire (44). The winding device includes a wire feeding roller (41), a wire taking roller (42), and a wire taking motor (43). The wire taking roller (42) is connected to the wire taking motor (43). The wire feeding roller (41) winds the amorphous alloy wire (44) before the annealing begins and feeds the wire to the heat treatment furnace. After the alternating load devices on both sides of the heat treatment furnace clamp the amorphous alloy wire (44), it is annealed under dynamic magnetic field and alternating load conditions. The wire taking motor (43) drives the wire taking roller (42) to complete the wire taking.

2. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace box (20) is provided with a heat insulation layer (21), the heating device uses a heating wire (24), the furnace chamber (17) is wound with the heating wire (24), and the furnace chamber (17) with the heating wire (24) is fixed in the heat insulation layer (21) by a fixing ring.

3. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, A loading tube (6) is arranged inside the furnace chamber (17), and an amorphous alloy wire (44) runs through the loading tube (6). The loading tube (6) with the amorphous alloy wire (44) is fixed inside the furnace chamber (17) by a limiting ring. The furnace chamber (17) is sealed by a sealing plug.

4. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sealing plug has a wire threading hole and a gas supply hole. After the amorphous alloy wire (44) passes through the wire threading hole, the wire threading hole is sealed with vacuum sealant. A thermometer insertion hole (13) is opened on one end of the sealing plug, and a thermometer (14) is inserted into the thermometer insertion hole (13).

5. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional assembly stage includes an x-axis translation stage, a y-axis translation stage, and a z-axis lifting stage. The x-axis translation stage includes an x-axis slide, a drive motor, and an x-axis slider. The drive motor drives the x-axis slider to translate along the x-axis direction on the x-axis slide. The y-axis translation stage includes a y-axis slide, a drive motor, and a y-axis slider. The drive motor drives the y-axis slider to translate along the y-axis direction on the y-axis slide. The z-axis lifting platform includes a z-axis slide, a drive motor, a z-axis slider, and a lifting support. The drive motor drives the z-axis slider to move up and down along the z-axis direction on the z-axis slide. The y-axis slide is fixed on the x-axis slide, the lifting support includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, the vertical plate is disposed on the horizontal plate, the horizontal plate is fixed on the y-axis slide, the z-axis slide is fixed on the vertical plate, and the clamp is fixed on the z-axis slide.

6. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamp includes a clamp base, a clamp, a lead screw, and a knob bar. The clamp base is fixed on the z-axis slider, the clamp is disposed inside the clamp base, the lead screw passes through the clamp base, and a knob bar is provided at the end of the lead screw. The clamp is sleeved on the lead screw, and the lead screw is driven to move by rotating the knob bar, thereby causing the clamp to move synchronously in opposite directions. A displacement sensor is provided on the clamp base.

7. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping mouth includes a right clamping mouth and a left clamping mouth, the lead screw includes a right-hand lead screw and a left-hand lead screw, the right-hand lead screw and the left-hand lead screw are tenon-jointed, the right clamping mouth is sleeved on the right-hand lead screw, and the left clamping mouth is sleeved on the left-hand lead screw.

8. The continuous annealing apparatus for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 6, characterized in that, A stop pin is inserted into the lead screw.

9. A continuous annealing method for amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field, characterized in that, This method uses the apparatus as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 to perform continuous annealing of amorphous alloy wires based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field, the method comprising the following steps: S1. Annealing preparation stage: First, the amorphous alloy wire (44) to be heat-treated is wound on the wire feeding roller (41). One end of the amorphous alloy wire (44) is led out and passed through the loading tube (6). By pushing, the loading tube (6) carries the amorphous alloy wire (44) through the wire-passing hole of one end of the sealing plug to the uniform temperature zone of the furnace (17) until both ends of the loading tube (6) are stuck between the limiting rings on both sides of the furnace (17). The amorphous alloy wire (44) then passes out from the wire-passing hole of the other end of the sealing plug. The two sealing plugs are tightly inserted into both ends of the furnace (17), and the wire-passing hole is sealed with vacuum sealant. Protective gas is continuously introduced into the furnace (17) through the gas outlet holes of the sealing plugs at both ends, and the air is discharged. The knob bar is rotated to drive the right and left clamps to move synchronously in opposite directions, clamping both ends of the amorphous alloy wire (44). The screw position is locked by the stop pin. S2, Annealing initialization stage, the preselected magnetic field direction is horizontal, vertical or inclined; set the displacement parameters of the three-dimensional combination stage, calibrate the zero point of the two displacement sensors; heating starts, the heating wire (24) heats up, the temperature in the furnace (17) is monitored in real time by the thermometer (14), the temperature rises to the target annealing temperature, and the insulation layer maintains a constant temperature zone; The magnetic field and load are applied synchronously. During the annealing process, the amorphous alloy wire (44) is continuously heated in the constant temperature furnace (17) and simultaneously subjected to the mechanical vibration aging effect induced by the dynamic magnetic field and applied by the alternating load. Start the take-up motor (43) to drive the take-up roller (42) to take up the amorphous alloy wire (44), and the wire feeding roller (41) releases the amorphous alloy wire (44) simultaneously, so that the amorphous alloy wire (44) passes through the furnace (17).

10. The continuous annealing method for amorphous alloy wire based on an alternating load-assisted magnetic field according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S2, dynamic magnetic field control is achieved by dynamically switching the axial and tangential currents of the two-dimensional Helmholtz coil through a central controller, thereby adjusting the magnetic field direction in real time. If a transverse magnetic field is applied, current flows through the transverse Helmholtz coil, while the current in the longitudinal Helmholtz coil is 0. If a longitudinal magnetic field is applied, current flows through the longitudinal Helmholtz coil, while the current in the transverse Helmholtz coil is 0. If an inclined magnetic field is applied, the transverse Helmholtz coil and the longitudinal Helmholtz coil are supplied with current in proportion; An alternating load is applied, and the x-axis translation stage, y-axis translation stage and z-axis lifting stage are moved by the drive motor to apply periodic tensile-relaxation stress to the amorphous alloy wire (44). The displacement sensor provides real-time feedback of load data.

Images