Thermal power generating unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid AGC control method, device, equipment, medium and product

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal power generating unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid AGC control method, device and equipment, a medium and a product, and relates to the field of automatic power generation control. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a thermal power generating unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected regional power grid AGC control system; determining that a controller in the system comprises an outer loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner loop PD + 1 controller with a filter coefficient; establishing a fuzzy control rule table of PID control parameters in the outer loop fuzzy PID controller; optimizing parameters in an inner ring PD + 1 controller by adopting a particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain optimal parameters; an ACE deviation signal is adjusted through an outer loop fuzzy PID controller by using a fuzzy control rule table, an outer loop control signal is obtained, and then an AGC adjustment instruction is obtained by using an inner loop PD + 1 controller with optimal parameters; and decomposing the AGC adjustment instruction into a thermal power generating unit control signal and a flywheel energy storage control signal, and responding. The frequency stabilization performance can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automatic power generation control, and in particular to an AGC control method, device, equipment, medium and product for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid. Background Technology

[0002] As the proportion of renewable energy generation continues to increase, the frequency response capability of traditional thermal power units is facing increasingly stringent challenges. With the declining installed capacity of thermal power units, coal-fired power will gradually participate in power production as a key adjustable power source. Meanwhile, as the traditional mainstay of frequency regulation, the response speed and regulation accuracy of thermal power units are limited by their inherent characteristics such as high inertia and high regulation delay, making it difficult to meet the rapid frequency regulation requirements under high-proportion renewable energy integration. Bypassing the physical characteristics of thermal power units and adding energy storage devices to improve the frequency regulation capability on the power supply side is becoming a new trend. To better coordinate with the energy storage transformation of thermal power units and improve the frequency response capability on the power supply side, in-depth research into the working process and control methods of new energy storage-assisted frequency regulation of thermal power units, and the development of advanced system collaborative control strategies are of great significance.

[0003] In recent years, flywheel energy storage technology has developed rapidly, making the research of flywheel-thermal power integrated systems increasingly relevant. Currently, thermal power units still face challenges such as insufficient regulation accuracy during primary and secondary frequency regulation of the power grid. Simultaneously, the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources has generated more severe disturbances to the regional power grid system. Faced with these larger grid disturbances, the frequency regulation effectiveness of existing regional power grid automatic generation control (AGC) strategies has been severely challenged. Therefore, designing a more advanced and effective AGC control strategy for thermal power-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grids with stronger frequency stability is a practical necessity. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an AGC control method, device, equipment, medium, and product for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid, which can improve frequency stability performance.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an AGC control method for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid, including:

[0007] A regional power grid AGC control system for interconnecting thermal power units and flywheel energy storage is established; the regional power grid AGC control system includes: a controller, thermal power units, and a flywheel energy storage system;

[0008] The controller is determined to include an outer-loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients;

[0009] Establish a fuzzy control rule table for the PID control parameters in the outer-loop fuzzy PID controller;

[0010] The parameters in the inner-loop PD+1 controller are optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal parameters.

[0011] Using a fuzzy control rule table, the outer loop control signal is obtained by adjusting the ACE deviation signal through an outer loop fuzzy PID controller;

[0012] Based on the external loop control signal, an AGC adjustment command is obtained using an inner loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters;

[0013] The AGC adjustment command is decomposed into thermal power unit control signals and flywheel energy storage control signals, and the thermal power units and flywheel energy storage systems in the regional power grid AGC control system respond accordingly.

[0014] Secondly, this application provides an AGC control device for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid, including: a control system establishment module, a controller determination module, a rule table establishment module, a parameter optimization module, an outer loop control module, an inner loop control module, and a response module.

[0015] The control system establishment module is used to establish a regional power grid AGC control system for the interconnection of thermal power units and flywheel energy storage; the regional power grid AGC control system includes: a controller, a thermal power unit, and a flywheel energy storage system;

[0016] The controller determination module is used to determine that the controller includes an outer-loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients;

[0017] The rule table creation module is used to create a fuzzy control rule table for the PID control parameters in the outer loop fuzzy PID controller.

[0018] The parameter optimization module is used to optimize the parameters in the inner loop PD+1 controller using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal parameters;

[0019] The outer loop control module is used to obtain the outer loop control signal by adjusting the ACE deviation signal through the outer loop fuzzy PID controller using the fuzzy control rule table.

[0020] The inner loop control module is used to obtain AGC adjustment instructions based on the outer loop control signal and using the inner loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters.

[0021] The response module is used to decompose the AGC adjustment command into thermal power unit control signals and flywheel energy storage control signals, and to respond using the thermal power units and flywheel energy storage systems in the regional power grid AGC control system.

[0022] Thirdly, this application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control method.

[0023] Fourthly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control method.

[0024] Fifthly, this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control method.

[0025] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects:

[0026] This application provides an AGC control method, device, equipment, medium, and product for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid. It utilizes a real-time self-tuning outer-loop fuzzy PID controller to adjust the ACE deviation signal, rapidly responding to deviations while eliminating steady-state errors to achieve error-free regulation. An inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients is set up to improve the system's dynamic response capability while suppressing high-frequency disturbances through filtering. Simultaneously, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the parameters in the inner-loop PD+1 controller. Using the inner-loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters, AGC commands are adjusted, effectively improving the frequency stability performance of the power system. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an AGC control method for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid provided in this application embodiment;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flywheel energy storage system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flywheel energy storage unit structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a speed governor control block diagram provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 A block diagram of the tie-line control provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a regional power grid AGC control system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a cascade control structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the PD+1 controller structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the parameter tuning and optimization process of the cascaded secondary loop controller based on the PSO algorithm provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 10 A seven-dimensional diagram of frequency modulation evaluation index under step disturbance provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 11 A seven-dimensional diagram of frequency modulation evaluation index under continuous disturbance provided for embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the functional modules of an AGC control device for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid provided in this application embodiment;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, an AGC control method for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid is provided, including the following steps 101 to 107. Wherein:

[0044] Step 101: Establish a regional power grid AGC control system for the interconnection of thermal power units and flywheel energy storage; the regional power grid AGC control system includes: a controller, thermal power units and flywheel energy storage system.

[0045] Step 102: Determine that the controller includes an outer-loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients.

[0046] Step 103: Establish the fuzzy control rule table of the PID control parameters in the outer loop fuzzy PID controller.

[0047] Step 104: Optimize the parameters in the inner loop PD+1 controller using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal parameters.

[0048] Step 105: Using the fuzzy control rule table, adjust the ACE deviation signal through the outer loop fuzzy PID controller to obtain the outer loop control signal.

[0049] Step 106: Based on the external loop control signal, use the inner loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters to obtain the AGC adjustment command.

[0050] Step 107: Decompose the AGC adjustment command into thermal power unit control signals and flywheel energy storage control signals, and use the thermal power units and flywheel energy storage systems in the regional power grid AGC control system to respond.

[0051] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, step 101 described above can be replaced by steps 201 to 204:

[0052] Step 201: Establish a frequency regulation model for the flywheel energy storage unit.

[0053] Step 202: Establish a frequency regulation model for thermal power units.

[0054] Step 203: Establish a regional power grid frequency tie line model.

[0055] Step 204: Combining the flywheel energy storage unit frequency regulation model, the thermal power unit frequency regulation model, and the regional power grid frequency tie line model, construct a regional power grid AGC control system for the interconnection of thermal power units and flywheel energy storage.

[0056] (1) Frequency regulation model of flywheel energy storage unit (Equations (1) to (3))

[0057] Flywheel energy storage systems store and release energy through the conversion between mechanical and electrical energy, and are a type of mechanical energy storage. The structure of a flywheel energy storage system is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the flywheel energy storage unit structure is as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0058] During flywheel operation, the energy stored is directly related to the rotor's moment of inertia and angular velocity. The energy stored in real time is:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula: E is the energy stored in the flywheel energy storage unit in real time, J is the rotor moment of inertia; ω is the rotor angular velocity. The expression for J is:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula: r is the distance from the rotating mass unit to the center; m is the rotor mass; ρ is the material density; V is the material volume.

[0063] The flywheel control system controls the flywheel speed by adjusting the unbalanced torque acting on the rotor, thereby effectively controlling the flywheel's charging and discharging process. The torque equation of the flywheel rotor is:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, T is the torque of the flywheel rotor, and t is time.

[0066] (2) Frequency regulation model of thermal power unit (Equations (4) to (8))

[0067] A thermal power unit mainly consists of a governor and a reheat turbine. The governor's function is to sense changes in generator speed and automatically adjust the opening of the intake valves, thereby affecting the turbine's output power. A governor control block diagram is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0068] Figure 4 In the middle, T g Let be the time constant of the speed controller. Its input is the frequency change Δf, and its output is the change in valve opening ΔY. The control loop includes dead zone, droop coefficient, limiting loop, and delay loop. When the frequency deviation is within the dead zone, the speed controller does not work. The droop coefficient is related to the sensitivity of the valve opening change. The limiting loop limits the magnitude of the valve opening change. The transfer function of the speed controller is shown in equation (4):

[0069]

[0070] The transfer function G of a reheat steam turbine retur (s) can be simplified to:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula: T t K represents the time constant of a reheat steam turbine. r For reheater gain; T ris the reheat steam volumetric time constant; s is the variable representing the complex frequency domain in the transfer function.

[0073] Thermal power unit transfer function G g (s) is shown in equation (6):

[0074]

[0075] The relationship between the generator's rotor speed and its power output is shown in equation (7):

[0076]

[0077] Where: ΔP G The generator input power; ΔP ec Δω is the generator output power; Δω is the change in generator rotor angular velocity; M is the generator set moment of inertia.

[0078] The generator-load transfer function can be obtained as follows:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula: G c (s) is the generator-load transfer function, ΔP L For load power disturbance, M′ is the generator-load process time constant; D is the generator-load process constant.

[0081] (3) Regional power grid frequency tie-line model

[0082] The tie-line control block diagram under TBC (Tie-line Load Frequency Bias Control) mode is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0083] Figure 5 Δf i , Δf j The frequency deviation is defined as T for regions i and j, where region i is a storage allocation area and region j is a non-storage allocation area. ij Let Δf be the synchronization coefficient of the connecting line between regions i and j. tie This represents the frequency deviation of the tie line. Δf tie The calculation formula is as shown in equation (9):

[0084]

[0085] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, during actual frequency regulation, the loads of the power system are diverse and complex, and the disturbances they experience are also varied. However, they mainly consist of two parts: load power disturbances ΔP caused by changes in electricity usage plans or the occurrence of unforeseen events.L The prediction error disturbance ΔP caused by the randomness, uncertainty, and volatility of new energy power generation ω .

[0086] Based on the aforementioned principle formula, a model is established as follows: Figure 6 The regional power grid AGC control system shown includes: a first controller, a second controller, a tie line, a regional power grid system with energy storage and a regional power grid system without energy storage; the regional power grid system with energy storage includes a first thermal power unit and a flywheel energy storage system, and the regional power grid system without energy storage includes a second thermal power unit.

[0087] The output frequency of the regional power grid system with energy storage and the output frequency of the regional power grid system without energy storage are obtained through a tie line, resulting in a tie line frequency deviation. The output frequency of the regional power grid system with energy storage is then subjected to droop control to obtain a first droop control signal. The tie line frequency deviation is superimposed with the first droop control signal to obtain a first ACE deviation signal. The first ACE deviation signal is then regulated by a first controller to obtain a first AGC adjustment command. The regional power grid system with energy storage decomposes the first AGC adjustment command into a thermal power unit control signal and a flywheel energy storage control signal, which are responded to by the first thermal power unit and the flywheel energy storage system, respectively. Based on the power output of the thermal power unit after response, the power output of the flywheel energy storage system after response, load power disturbance, and prediction error disturbance of new energy power generation, the output frequency of the regional power grid system with energy storage is obtained using the generator-load transfer function.

[0088] The output frequency of the regional power grid system without energy storage is controlled by droop control to obtain a second droop control signal. The tie-line frequency deviation is superimposed with the second droop control signal to obtain a second ACE deviation signal. The second ACE deviation signal is regulated by a second controller to obtain a second AGC adjustment command. In the regional power grid system without energy storage, the second thermal power unit responds to the second AGC adjustment command. Based on the output power of the thermal power unit after response, load power disturbance, and prediction error disturbance of new energy power generation, the output frequency of the regional power grid system without energy storage is obtained using the generator-load transfer function.

[0089] Figure 6 In this system, Region 1 and Region 2 are a regional power grid system with and without energy storage, respectively. The frequency outputs of Region 1 and Region 2 are closed-loop controlled by droop controls B1 and B2, respectively. The deviation signals obtained by superimposing the droop control signals on the tie lines of each region are further responded to by the frequency controller of that region. In Region 1, the controller decomposes the signals into thermal power unit signals and flywheel energy storage signals, which are responded to by the thermal power unit and the flywheel energy storage system, respectively. In Region 2, the controller directly obtains the thermal power unit signals, which are responded to by the thermal power unit.

[0090] Figure 6In the diagram, B1 and B2 are the frequency deviation coefficients for region 1 and region 2, respectively; R1 and R2 are the primary frequency modulation droop coefficients for region 1 and region 2, respectively; α G α FESS These are the AGC command allocation coefficients for thermal power units and flywheel energy storage systems, respectively; α 12 Here are the power conversion factors for the two regional systems. The load power disturbance in a regional grid system with energy storage is ΔPl1, and the prediction error disturbance of renewable energy generation in the same system is ΔPw1. The load power disturbance in a regional grid system without energy storage is ΔPl2, and the prediction error disturbance of renewable energy generation in the same system is ΔPw2.

[0091] The above completes the construction of the regional power grid AGC control system. To effectively assist the flywheel-thermal power system in improving the frequency stability performance of the regional power grid, it is necessary to... Figure 6 The first controller in the study is designed to be the controller for the research object.

[0092] In another exemplary embodiment of this application, the ACE signal modulation is unable to cope with complex load disturbances, and the control effect suffers from problems such as slow response speed, large overshoot, and poor robustness. For the first controller, a fuzzy cascade control method based on particle swarm optimization is proposed. This method includes two parts: fuzzy rule self-tuning of the PID controller and adding an improved cascade control subloop.

[0093] (1) Fuzzy rule self-tuning of the outer loop PID controller

[0094] The tuning of PID control parameters is directly related to the ability of secondary frequency modulation to respond to and regulate the ACE signal.

[0095] Fuzzy rule table (ΔK) p Output of P parameters for the fuzzy controller: ΔK i For the I-parameter output of the fuzzy controller; ΔK d The D-parameter output of the fuzzy controller is:

[0096] Table 1 ΔK p Fuzzy control rule table

[0097]

[0098] Table 2 ΔK i Fuzzy control rule table

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Table 3 ΔK d Fuzzy control rule table

[0102]

[0103] The rules in the table correspond to the following:

[0104] NS (Negative Small), NM (Negative Medium), NB (Negative Large), ZO (Zero), PS (Positive Small), PM (Positive Medium), PB (Positive Large).

[0105] (2) Inner-loop PD+1 controller based on particle swarm optimization

[0106] Due to the significant overall time delay of the combined fire-storage system, it is difficult to accurately control frequently changing disturbance signals. This results in large adjustment deviations, excessive overshoot, and long settling times. By setting the system disturbance as a frequency deviation signal, a preliminary response to frequency disturbances can be initiated "in advance." A (PD+1) secondary loop control structure with a filter coefficient is implemented to improve the system's dynamic response capability while suppressing high-frequency disturbances through the filter, thus performing a "coarse adjustment" of the system's frequency modulation signal. The aforementioned fuzzy PID controller is set as the outer loop controller. This fuzzy PID controller operates in real-time, adjusting the PID parameters based on the real-time input signal's domain. By adjusting the ACE deviation signal through a real-time self-tuning fuzzy PID controller, a rapid response to deviations is achieved while eliminating steady-state errors, resulting in error-free control. For the cascade control secondary loop, K... p1 K d1 T C Three parameters need to be tuned, among which K p1 K d1 The P and D parameters of PD+1 are respectively, and T is the T parameter. c The filter time constant is used. Traditional empirical methods and successive approximation methods are difficult to achieve optimal control results. Combining AGC frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators, and based on a typical continuous load increase / decrease sequence (consisting of a single 70MW load increase step command with a duration of 300s and a single 70MW load decrease command with a duration of 300s continuously cyclically), the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to optimize the above three parameters to obtain the optimal solution for the parameters under the current sequence.

[0107] To improve the frequency stability performance of the system, considering the frequency changes of the two regional power grids, four frequency regulation performance indicators are selected: the maximum frequency deviation of the frequency response signal, the root mean square frequency deviation, the absolute integral of the frequency deviation, and the absolute integral of the tie-line power deviation signal. These four indicators together constitute the objective function (as the fitness function) shown in equation (10):

[0108] minJ=|Δf max|+a·Δf rms +b·∫|Δf|dt+c·∫|ΔP tie |dt (10)

[0109] In the formula: Δf max Δf represents the maximum frequency deviation of the frequency response signal. rms Let be the root mean square frequency deviation of the frequency response signal; a, b, and c are weighting coefficients. Δf is the frequency deviation, and ΔP is the frequency deviation. tie This refers to the power deviation of the tie line.

[0110] For a single region, the improved cascade control structure based on the fuzzy self-tuning outer loop and the PSO tuning inner loop is as follows: Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown. Figure 7 The mid-bias signal Δf1 is fed into a frequency droop feedback signal via a droop coefficient B1. This signal is then superimposed on the tie-line signal to form the original feedback signal. The original feedback signal is then fed into a fuzzy self-tuning PID controller to obtain the initial external loop control signal. The secondary loop control signal is obtained by superimposing the feedback signal with the external loop control signal and then tuning the PD+1 controller via PSO. The flowchart for PSO tuning of the PD+1 controller is shown below. Figure 7 The dashed box below. After passing through the secondary loop controller, the signal is decomposed into a thermal power unit control signal and a flywheel energy storage system control signal. The two are responded to by the thermal power unit and the flywheel energy storage system respectively. Finally, they are superimposed and passed through the generator stage to obtain the regional frequency output. Figure 8 The controller is a PD+1 structure. After the external loop control signal and the droop feedback signal are superimposed, they are processed by the PD+1 controller by ×1 and ×K respectively. p The output of the PD+1 controller is obtained by summing the results after integral filtering operations.

[0111] The parameter tuning and optimization process of the cascade secondary loop controller based on the PSO algorithm is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0112] The main contents of this application are two parts: the construction of a regional power grid AGC control system for thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnection considering frequency stability performance (step 101) and the cascade loop AGC control method of hybrid optimization of group algorithm and fuzzy rule (steps 102 to 107).

[0113] Part 1: Based on the flywheel energy storage mechanism and the operating principle of thermal power units, a regional frequency regulation model for flywheel energy storage combined with thermal power units is finally established by building subsystem models separately, thus forming a general method for building regional frequency regulation models.

[0114] Part Two: To address the frequency stabilization performance issue and cascade control methods, an AGC cascade control method is proposed, with an outer loop consisting of a fuzzy self-tuning PID controller and an inner loop consisting of a particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize the control parameters of the PD+1 controller.

[0115] The AGC control method for the interconnected power grid of thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage proposed in this application was tested on a 300MW ultra-supercritical thermal power unit equipped with a total of 15MW / 3.6MWh flywheel energy storage system under the conditions of responding to step signal disturbances and continuous random disturbances.

[0116] Calculate the maximum frequency deviation Δf of the frequency response signals in region 1 and region 2 under the three control strategies. max Root mean square frequency deviation Δf rms The absolute value integral of frequency deviation I AE,f And the absolute integral of the tie line power deviation signal I AE,pie The above indicators are normalized using equation (11) so that the intervals of each indicator fall between [0,2] and then plotted.

[0117]

[0118] Where, Δf max1 , Δf max1 Δf represents the maximum frequency deviation of the frequency response signals in region 1 and region 2, respectively. rms1 , Δf rms2 F represents the root mean square frequency deviation of the frequency response signals in region 1 and region 2, respectively. max1 F represents the frequency deviation index of region 1 after interval normalization. max2 F represents the frequency deviation index of region 2 after interval normalization. rms1 F represents the root mean square index of frequency deviation in region 1 after interval normalization. rms2 F represents the root mean square index of the frequency deviation in region 2 after interval normalization. AE,f1 F represents the frequency IAE index for region 1 after interval normalization. AE,f2 F represents the region 2 frequency IAE index after interval normalization. AE,pie This represents the frequency IAE index at the tie line after interval homogenization.

[0119] Figure 10 A seven-dimensional diagram of frequency modulation evaluation indicators under step disturbance. Figure 11 This is a seven-dimensional graph of the frequency regulation evaluation index under continuous disturbance. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional PID control method, the proposed control method improves frequency stability by an average of over 72% under step disturbance testing and by an average of over 75% under continuous random disturbance testing. The proposed control strategy effectively improves the frequency stability performance of the system.

[0120] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control device for implementing the above-mentioned thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control method. The solution provided by this device is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations of one or more thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control device embodiments provided below can be found in the limitations of the thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control method described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0121] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid AGC control device is provided, including: a control system establishment module, a controller determination module, a rule table establishment module, a parameter optimization module, an outer loop control module, an inner loop control module, and a response module.

[0122] The system establishment module is used to establish a regional power grid AGC control system for the interconnection of thermal power units and flywheel energy storage. The regional power grid AGC control system includes a controller, thermal power units, and a flywheel energy storage system. The controller determination module is used to determine that the controller includes an outer-loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients. The rule table establishment module is used to establish a fuzzy control rule table for the PID control parameters in the outer-loop fuzzy PID controller. The parameter optimization module is used to optimize the parameters in the inner-loop PD+1 controller using a particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain optimal parameters. The outer-loop control module is used to adjust the ACE deviation signal through the outer-loop fuzzy PID controller using the fuzzy control rule table to obtain the outer-loop control signal. The inner-loop control module is used to obtain AGC adjustment commands based on the outer-loop control signal using the inner-loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters. The response module is used to decompose the AGC adjustment commands into thermal power unit control signals and flywheel energy storage control signals, and to respond using the thermal power units and flywheel energy storage system in the regional power grid AGC control system.

[0123] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 13As shown, the computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output interfaces (I / O), and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores AGC adjustment instructions. The I / O interfaces are used for information exchange between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements an AGC control method for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 13 The structures shown are merely block diagrams of some structures related to the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than shown in the figures, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0125] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0126] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the above-described method embodiments.

[0127] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties.

[0128] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Any references to memory, databases, or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can take many forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM).

[0129] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in this application may include at least one type of relational database and non-relational database. Non-relational databases may include, but are not limited to, blockchain-based distributed databases. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in this application may be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, quantum computing-based data processing logic devices, etc., and are not limited to these.

[0130] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0131] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for AGC control of a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid, characterized in that, include: Establish a regional power grid AGC control system for interconnecting thermal power units and flywheel energy storage; The regional power grid AGC control system includes: a controller, a thermal power unit, and a flywheel energy storage system; The controller is determined to include an outer-loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients; Establish a fuzzy control rule table for the PID control parameters in the outer-loop fuzzy PID controller; The parameters in the inner-loop PD+1 controller are optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal parameters. Using a fuzzy control rule table, the outer loop control signal is obtained by adjusting the ACE deviation signal through an outer loop fuzzy PID controller; Based on the external loop control signal, an AGC adjustment command is obtained using an inner loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters; The AGC adjustment command is decomposed into thermal power unit control signals and flywheel energy storage control signals, and the thermal power units and flywheel energy storage systems in the regional power grid AGC control system respond accordingly.

2. The AGC control method for thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, Establishing a regional power grid AGC control system for interconnecting thermal power units and flywheel energy storage, specifically including: Establish a frequency regulation model for flywheel energy storage units; Establish a frequency regulation model for thermal power units; Establish a regional power grid frequency tie-line model; By combining the frequency regulation model of flywheel energy storage unit, the frequency regulation model of thermal power unit, and the frequency tie line model of regional power grid, a regional power grid AGC control system for the interconnection of thermal power unit and flywheel energy storage is constructed.

3. The AGC control method for the thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frequency modulation model of the flywheel energy storage unit is as follows: J=∫r 2 dm=∫r 2 ρdV; In the formula, E is the energy stored in the flywheel energy storage unit in real time, J is the rotor moment of inertia, ω is the rotor angular velocity; T is the torque of the flywheel rotor, t is time; r is the distance from the rotating mass unit to the center, m is the rotor mass, ρ is the material density, and V is the material volume.

4. The AGC control method for thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frequency regulation model for thermal power units includes: governor transfer function, reheat turbine transfer function, thermal power unit transfer function, the relationship between generator rotor speed and power generation, and generator-load transfer function. The transfer function of the speed governor is: In the formula, G gov (s) is the transfer function of the speed governor, ΔY is the change in the opening of the control valve, Δf is the frequency change, s is the variable representing the complex frequency domain in the transfer function, and T g The time constant of the speed controller; The transfer function of the reheat steam turbine is: In the formula, G retur (s) is the transfer function of the reheat turbine, K r For reheater gain, T r T is the reheat steam volumetric time constant. t The time constant for a reheat steam turbine; The transfer function of the thermal power unit is: In the formula, G g (s) is the transfer function of the thermal power unit; The relationship between the rotor speed and power output of the generator is as follows: In the formula, ΔP G The generator input power, ΔP ec Where M is the generator output power, M is the generator set moment of inertia, and Δω is the change in the generator rotor angular velocity. The generator-load transfer function is: In the formula, G c (s) is the generator-load transfer function, ΔP L Let D be the load power disturbance, D be the generator-load process constant, and M′ be the generator-load process time constant.

5. The AGC control method for thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid according to claim 4, characterized in that, The regional power grid AGC control system includes: a first controller, a second controller, a tie line, a regional power grid system with energy storage and a regional power grid system without energy storage; the regional power grid system with energy storage includes a first thermal power unit and a flywheel energy storage system, and the regional power grid system without energy storage includes a second thermal power unit; The output frequency of a regional power grid system with energy storage and the output frequency of a regional power grid system without energy storage are obtained by connecting the tie line; The output frequency of the regional power grid system with energy storage is controlled by droop to obtain a first droop control signal; the tie line frequency deviation is superimposed with the first droop control signal to obtain a first ACE deviation signal; the first ACE deviation signal is adjusted by the first controller to obtain a first AGC adjustment command. The regional power grid system with energy storage decomposes the first AGC adjustment command into a thermal power unit control signal and a flywheel energy storage control signal, which are responded to by the first thermal power unit and the flywheel energy storage system, respectively. Based on the power output of the thermal power unit after response, the power output of the flywheel energy storage system after response, the load power disturbance, and the prediction error disturbance of new energy power generation, the output frequency of the regional power grid system with energy storage is obtained using the generator-load transfer function. The output frequency of the regional power grid system without energy storage is controlled by droop control to obtain a second droop control signal; the tie line frequency deviation is superimposed with the second droop control signal to obtain a second ACE deviation signal; the second ACE deviation signal is adjusted by the second controller to obtain a second AGC adjustment command; In a regional power grid system without energy storage, the second thermal power unit responds to the second AGC adjustment command; based on the output power of the thermal power unit after response, the load power disturbance, and the prediction error disturbance of new energy power generation, the output frequency of the regional power grid system without energy storage is obtained using the generator-load transfer function.

6. The AGC control method for thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PID control parameters include: the P parameter output ΔK of the fuzzy controller. p The I-parameter output ΔK of the fuzzy controller i The D-parameter output ΔK of the fuzzy controller d ; The parameters in the inner-loop PD+1 controller include: the P parameter K of the PD+1 controller. p1 D parameter K of PD+1 controller d1 and filter time constant T c .

7. The AGC control method for thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fitness function in the particle swarm optimization algorithm is: minJ=|Δf max |+a·Δf rms +b·∫|Δf|dt+c·∫|ΔP tie |dt; In the formula, J is the objective function value, and Δf max Δf represents the maximum frequency deviation of the frequency response signal. rms Let Δf be the root mean square of the frequency deviation of the frequency response signal, and ΔP be the frequency deviation. tie The tie line power deviation is represented by a, b, and c, which are weighting coefficients, and t is time.

8. An AGC control device for a thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid, characterized in that, include: The control system establishment module is used to establish a regional power grid AGC control system for the interconnection of thermal power units and flywheel energy storage. The regional power grid AGC control system includes: a controller, a thermal power unit, and a flywheel energy storage system; The controller determination module is used to determine that the controller includes an outer-loop fuzzy PID controller and an inner-loop PD+1 controller with filtering coefficients; The rule table creation module is used to create a fuzzy control rule table for the PID control parameters in the outer loop fuzzy PID controller. The parameter optimization module is used to optimize the parameters in the inner loop PD+1 controller using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal parameters; The outer loop control module is used to obtain the outer loop control signal by adjusting the ACE deviation signal through the outer loop fuzzy PID controller using the fuzzy control rule table. The inner loop control module is used to obtain AGC adjustment instructions based on the outer loop control signal and using the inner loop PD+1 controller with optimal parameters. The response module is used to decompose the AGC adjustment command into thermal power unit control signals and flywheel energy storage control signals, and to respond using the thermal power units and flywheel energy storage systems in the regional power grid AGC control system.

9. A computer device, comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program to implement the AGC control method for the thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected grid as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the AGC control method for the thermal power unit-flywheel energy storage interconnected power grid as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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