Multi-modal fluid characterization and disturbance system, method and application

Abstract

The invention provides a fluid characterization and perturbation system, method and application. The micro-column array comprises a base and a micro-column array arranged on the base, the micro-column array is composed of one or more micro-columns, the micro-columns can deform under the action of fluid and / or magnetic force, and different micro-columns can be different in length and hardness; the bottom end and the side face are connected to the base, the top end is far away from the base and opposite to the bottom end, the micro-column is provided with a light reflecting layer, and the light reflecting layer can be arranged at any one or more positions of the top end, the side face and the interior of the micro-column. The system and the method have multi-mode characteristics, can comprehensively measure the viscosity, the density and the type of the fluid as well as the fluid direction, the pressure intensity, the shearing force and other data at a specific position, and provide a comprehensive solution for monitoring and analyzing the fluid state.

Description

A multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance system, method and application Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fluid measurement, and includes a fluid characterization and disturbance system, method and application. Background Art

[0002] Fluid mechanics is the study of fluid motion and its interactions with solids. It has widespread applications in engineering, physics, chemistry, biology, and other fields. To deeply understand the physical properties and dynamic behavior of fluids, precise characterization and control of the flow field are necessary. Characteristics such as fluid velocity in microfluidic channels are crucial for inferring the state of the device and reaction. Traditional flow field characterization methods primarily include optical, electromagnetic, and acoustic methods. For example, methods for measuring fluid velocity include Pitot tube velocimetry, but this can significantly interfere with the flow field; hot wire velocimetry, but the probes can significantly interfere with the flow field and the hot wires are prone to breakage; Doppler velocimetry (LDV) and particle image velocimetry (PIV), but these systems are complex and rely on bubbles or tracer particles in the fluid. All of these methods are difficult to miniaturize and integrate into microfluidic channels. Furthermore, they typically require expensive instrumentation and data processing algorithms, making it difficult to achieve high-resolution and high-sensitivity measurements of flow fields at the micro- and nanoscale. Therefore, developing a simple, effective, and versatile flow field characterization and perturbation device is of great scientific and practical significance.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] To this end, it is necessary to provide a fluid characterization and perturbation system that can overcome existing technologies, does not require expensive equipment, is multimodal, real-time and low-cost, and can meet the needs of microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemical engineering and biological fluid characterization tools and methods.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device, comprising:

[0006] The base can be flat, inclined, curved or irregular, and

[0007] A micropillar array disposed on the base, the micropillar array consisting of one or more micropillars, the micropillars being capable of changing state under the action of fluid and / or magnetic force, and the length and hardness of different micropillars being different;

[0008] The state change includes at least one of: pulling, movement in various directions, and deformation;

[0009] The microcolumn includes a bottom end connected to the base, a side surface, and a top end away from the base and opposite to the bottom end. The microcolumn is provided with a light reflecting layer, which can be arranged at at least one position among the top end, the side surface, and the interior of the microcolumn.

[0010] The term "several" in this application does not mean a plurality of quantities, but refers to one or more than one.

[0011] Furthermore, the side surfaces and / or base surfaces of the microcolumns are provided with an anti-reflection layer, which can significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the light reflection signal, making the measurement results more accurate.

[0012] Furthermore, the light reflective layer of the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device is selected from at least one of inorganic reflective materials such as metals, metal oxides, metal salts, ultrafine glass beads, and microprisms, and organic reflective materials. The aforementioned light reflective layer materials can be used alone or in combination.

[0013] Furthermore, a magnetic material is arranged on the top, side and / or at least one position inside the microcolumn of the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device. Preferably, a magnetic metal light reflecting layer is arranged on the top of the microcolumn.

[0014] The term "magnetic material" as used herein refers to a material that responds to a magnetic field in some manner, including but not limited to ferromagnetic materials, paramagnetic materials, diamagnetic materials, ferrimagnetic materials, diamagnetic materials, and superparamagnetic materials.

[0015] Furthermore, the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device also includes a plurality of flow field restriction structures arranged on the base, and the flow field restriction structure includes one or more restriction surfaces, which are planes or curved surfaces perpendicular to the plane where the base is located, connected to the base, or integrally formed with the base.

[0016] Furthermore, the base and / or microcolumns are made of conductive materials. This arrangement can not only electrically stimulate the fluid, but also receive electrical signals from the fluid.

[0017] Furthermore, the cross-section of the micropillars can be any shape, including circular, elliptical, or polygonal. By taking advantage of the fact that certain shapes, such as ellipses, are more easily deformed along their short axis and less deformable along their long axis, an array of micropillars of a specific shape can be used to sense the direction of a flow field.

[0018] Furthermore, the extension from the top of the microcolumn to the bottom is provided with a fluorescent material. This extension includes the side surfaces of the microcolumn and the solid portion within the microcolumn that surrounds the side surfaces. This arrangement allows for more intuitive system calibration, amplifying the signal, improving the signal-to-noise ratio, and achieving specificity. Furthermore, the integration of optical waveguides allows for further miniaturization.

[0019] Furthermore, the micropillars can be placed in the channel and inserted into the flow field, or placed below the channel with their tops flush with the channel boundary to measure the tube wall friction resistance t wall .

[0020] Specifically, the multicellular aggregates of the present application are combined with the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device in various ways, two of which are as follows:

[0021] The first combination method involves placing culture medium on the microcolumns of a multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device, and transplanting cells into the culture medium on the microcolumns to culture multicellular aggregates. In other embodiments, this combination method, with the cellular mechanical force information output in a visual form, can monitor the cell culture process in real time, and can be applied to the effects of chemical, biological, and physical external stimuli such as culture medium and drugs on cell growth.

[0022] The second combination method is to directly adhere the cultured multicellular aggregates to the microcolumns of the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device for detection.

[0023] To achieve the above objectives, in a second aspect, the present invention provides a multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance characterization system.

[0024] It includes:

[0025] One or more multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation devices according to the first aspect of the present invention;

[0026] An optical signal emitting device, configured to emit a predetermined light;

[0027] an optical signal detection device for detecting light reflected from the light reflecting layer;

[0028] A magnetic field emitting device for emitting a magnetic field to generate a magnetic force with the magnetic material (if any) contained at the top, side or any position within the microcolumn;

[0029] The light emitted by the optical signal emitting device is irradiated onto the light reflecting layer through the incident light path, and the light reflected by the light reflecting layer enters the optical signal detecting device through the reflected light path.

[0030] Furthermore, the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance also includes an optical signal analysis device, which is used to analyze the optical signal.

[0031] Furthermore, the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system also includes a data processing device, which is used to calculate and process the optical signal and obtain the flow field state (including the flow field shear force, flow field direction, flow velocity, viscosity, flow state, etc. at a specific position); and / or, directly obtain the flow field state result by analyzing the optical signal through the optical signal analysis device.

[0032] Furthermore, the data processing device can also evaluate the chemical, physical and biological conditions within the system based on the flow field state and provide predictive reaction information.

[0033] Furthermore, the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance system further includes a pressure sensing device, which is used to measure pressure information and / or apply appropriate pressure to the fluid.

[0034] Furthermore, the optical signal emitting device has a light source, which includes a first light source arranged at the bottom of the base and / or a second light source arranged at the side of the base, and the light emitted by the first light source and / or the second light source reaches the microcolumn.

[0035] In this application, the first light source and the second light source do not limit the order and type of light sources, but are only used to distinguish light sources at different locations. Preferably, the second light source is a waveguide lighting light source.

[0036] Furthermore, the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system further includes a motion or deformation device for applying an appropriate mechanical force to cause motion or deformation. The motion or deformation device for applying an appropriate mechanical force is used to apply mechanical force to the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system. The motion or deformation device for applying an appropriate mechanical force includes, but is not limited to, a pulling device or an inflation / deflation device. The pulling device is used to apply an appropriate mechanical pulling force to the base to control the horizontal tensile motion and / or deformation of the base. The inflation / deflation device is used to cause the base to cause motion or deformation on a curved surface.

[0037] Furthermore, the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system is composed of two or more multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation devices forming a double-sided structure or a multi-sided structure, wherein the outer side of the double-sided structure or the multi-sided structure is a base, and the inner side encloses a three-dimensional fluid accommodating chamber;

[0038] The base of each multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device forms a three-dimensional accommodating cavity surface; when forming the three-dimensional accommodating cavity, at least one three-dimensional accommodating cavity surface is connected to a microcolumn, and the other three-dimensional accommodating cavity surfaces may optionally not be provided with microcolumns.

[0039] Furthermore, when two or more multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance devices form a double-sided or multi-sided structure, the fluid restriction structure is adapted accordingly.

[0040] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for fluid characterization using the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to the second aspect of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0041] The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device uses an optical signal emitting device to emit predetermined light;

[0042] The optical signal detection device is used to detect the light after being acted upon by the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device. Furthermore, the method further comprises the step of using the magnetic field emission device to emit a magnetic field of a predetermined direction and intensity.

[0043] Furthermore, the method further includes an optical signal analysis step: using an optical signal analysis device to compare and analyze reflected light of the fluid to be characterized before and after passing through the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device, and / or using an optical signal analysis device to compare and analyze reflected light before and after the magnetic field transmitting device emits a magnetic field of a predetermined direction and intensity, to obtain fluid information, wherein the fluid information includes flow field shear force, flow field direction, flow velocity, viscosity, flow state at a specific location, and dynamic changes in the spatial distribution of the fluid information over time;

[0044] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides applications of the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device described in the first aspect in microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemical engineering, and biofluidics. These applications include, but are not limited to, characterizing fluids within microfluidics and microfluidic systems using optical signals, monitoring and predicting biological, chemical, and physical reactions within microreactors, and characterizing biofluids such as blood and integrating them into organ-chips.

[0045] Different from the existing technology, the above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0046] (1) Multimodal characteristics: The present invention has multimodal characteristics and can comprehensively measure the viscosity, density, type, direction, pressure and shear force of the fluid at a specific location, providing a comprehensive solution for monitoring and analyzing the fluid state;

[0047] (2) Intuitive and sensitive: The present invention converts fluid state parameters into intuitive and readable light attenuation signals, facilitating real-time monitoring and data analysis while simplifying data processing and analysis. The micropillar deformation is amplified while being converted into light signals, ensuring good signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity.

[0048] (3) Simple preparation and low cost: The preparation process of the present invention is simple and low-cost, and no complex equipment is required to fully characterize and perturb the fluid, which is conducive to promotion and application and industrialization;

[0049] (4) Compact and portable: The present invention has the advantage of being compact and can accurately characterize different positions and layers within the fluid. It is suitable for various application scenarios, especially it can be easily integrated into microfluidics and microreactor systems, greatly expanding its application space.

[0050] (5) Multifunctional perturbation operation: In addition to monitoring the fluid state, the present invention can also perform perturbation operations such as stirring and mixing on the fluid through the magnetic field and pressure sensing system to meet the needs of different experiments and production processes;

[0051] (6) Wide range: By dynamically changing the hardness of the microcolumns in real time through the magnetic field and combining microcolumns of different lengths and hardnesses, the present invention greatly expands the measurable range, making the monitoring of various fluid states more accurate and flexible. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the micropillar structure and magnetic field driven motion mode in the multimodal fluid characterization device;

[0053] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of magnetic materials and light reflecting layers;

[0054] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the fluorescent material and the light reflecting layer;

[0055] FIG4 shows the preparation method and electron microscopy characterization of devices with different interfaces, lengths, and aspect ratios, as well as electron microscopy characterization of metal coatings and a schematic diagram of the calculation principle;

[0056] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of different base and micro-column layouts;

[0057] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a multimodal fluid characterization system;

[0058] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an elliptical interface microcolumn for measuring fluid direction;

[0059] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of double-sided and multi-sided structure layout;

[0060] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an integrated pressure sensor and a fluid disturbance device;

[0061] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the restriction surface and multi-sensor combination;

[0062] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of different sensor placement locations;

[0063] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of measuring the flow field using the reflected light of the microcolumn sensor and performing system calibration. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] A multimodal fluid characterization device, system and method

[0067] This embodiment provides a multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device, which uses a light reflection layer, a magnetic material, or a magnetic metal light reflection layer to reflect light signals. The strength of the light reflection signal is linearly related to the deformation of the microcolumns caused by the force applied to them in the fluid within a certain range, thereby achieving fluid characterization.

[0068] Referring to FIG1 , a multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device 1 is shown. The multimodal fluid characterization device 1 is comprised of a base 11 and a plurality of micropillars 12 disposed on the base 11 to form a micropillar array, thereby constituting the multimodal fluid characterization device 1, i.e., a micropillar chip. The micropillar 12 comprises a bottom end 120 connected to the base 11, a side surface 121, a columnar body 122 wrapped around the side surface, and a top end 123 facing away from the base 11 and opposite the bottom end 120. The top end 123 of the micropillar 12 has a light-reflecting coating ( FIG2 ); alternatively, the side surface 121 of the micropillar 12 has a light-reflecting coating ( FIG2 ); alternatively, both the top end 123 and the side surface 121 of the micropillar 12 have a light-reflecting coating ( FIG2 ). The top 123 of the micropillar 12 is coated with a magnetic metal (such as iron, cobalt, nickel, etc.) (in other embodiments, other magnetic materials can be used instead, and the magnetic material can be positioned on the side of the micropillar or inside the micropillar, as long as the micropillar can generate magnetic force under a magnetic field). This coating with magnetic metal 131 can serve as the light-reflecting layer 13. In a preferred embodiment, the top 123 of the micropillar 12 is provided with a magnetic metal light-reflecting layer 13 (Figure 2). Preferably, a fluorescent material can be placed anywhere from the top to the base of the micropillar (Figure 3) to assist in imaging, assist in system calibration, or enhance the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0069] It should be noted that the term "coating" is used in this embodiment, which only means that the light reflecting layer 13 in this embodiment can be prepared by a coating process, but it does not limit the light reflecting layer 13 to be prepared by a coating process. The reflecting layer can also be prepared by processes such as sputtering.

[0070] A multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system comprises the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device 1 described above, an optical signal emitting device 2, an optical signal detecting device 3, and a magnetic field emitting device 4. The optical signal emitting device 2 is used to emit a predetermined light beam, the optical signal detecting device 3 is used to detect light reflected from a light reflecting layer 13, and the magnetic field emitting device 4 is used to emit a magnetic field to generate a magnetic force with magnetic metal. Light emitted by the optical signal emitting device 2 strikes the light reflecting layer 13 via an incident light path. Light reflected by the light reflecting layer 13 enters the optical signal detecting device 3 via a reflected light path (Figure 6).

[0071] When using the above multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance system to characterize the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0072] S1. Pass the fluid to be measured (characterized) through a multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device;

[0073] S2. Using the optical signal emitting device to emit a predetermined light;

[0074] S3. Use an optical signal detection device to detect the light after being acted upon by the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device. The "action" in this embodiment may simply be the reflection of the predetermined light by the light-reflecting layer provided at any one of the top and side surfaces of the micropillars of the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device. It may also be the reflection of the predetermined light by the light-reflecting layer provided at both the top and side surfaces of the micropillars. Preferably, it may also be the reflection of the predetermined light by the magnetic metal light-reflecting layer provided at the top of the micropillars. Under the influence of the magnetic force of a magnetic field of a specific direction and intensity emitted by a magnetic field emitting device, the micropillars tilt in one direction, deform, oscillate, or are pulled by the magnetic force. Therefore, the system of this embodiment can independently characterize the state of a fluid, independently perturb the flow, or simultaneously or alternately characterize or perturb the fluid.

[0075] It should be noted that the fluid to be characterized in this embodiment can be static or flowing.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] Preparation method of a multimodal fluid characterization device

[0078] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a multimodal fluid characterization device, which achieves reflection of light signals by coating a metal reflective layer on the top of the micro-nano pillars.

[0079] S1. Spin-coat a layer of photoresist on the micro-nano pillar array. This step protects the sides of the micro-nano pillars and prevents metal deposition during subsequent processing.

[0080] S2. Use oxygen plasma etching to expose the top of the micro-nano pillars. This step ensures that the metal coating only covers the top of the micro-nano pillars without affecting the side surfaces.

[0081] S3. Deposit a metal coating using an electron beam evaporator. This step forms a metal reflective layer on top of the exposed micro-nanopillars, reflecting the light signal. If a magnetic metal is used, a magnetic metal reflective layer can be formed on top of the micro-nanopillars, reflecting the light signal while also responding to magnetic fields. This process can be repeated multiple times to deposit coatings of different metals or with different functions (Figure 4).

[0082] S4. Remove the photoresist. This step removes any remaining photoresist, ensuring that the metal layer only covers the tops of the nanopillars. Scanning electron microscopy is used to characterize the prepared chip sample and confirm the successful metal coating (Figure 4).

[0083] Through the above preparation process, we can obtain a micro-pillar chip with a metal coating or a magnetic metal top, which is used for reflection and detection of optical signals and response to magnetic fields.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] Conversion method between micro-column deformation and applied force

[0086] This embodiment provides a method for converting deformation to applied force based on the deformation of the microcolumns and Hooke's law, and takes into account the influence of the deformation of the microcolumns' bottoms.

[0087] S1. Calculate the ideal spring constant kbend of the micropillar: kbend=(3 / 64)*π*E*D^4 / L^3

[0088] where E is Young's modulus, D is the diameter of the micropillar, and L is the length of the micropillar.

[0089] S2. Calculate the tilt coefficient Ttilt(ν): Ttilt(ν)=a*(1+ν) / (2*π)*{2*(1-ν)+(1-1 / (4*(1-ν)))}

[0090] where ν is Poisson's ratio and a is the correction factor.

[0091] S3. Calculate the deformation proportional factor a: a=δbend / (δbend+δshear+δtilt)

[0092] where δbend is the bending deformation of the microcolumn, δshear is the shear deformation, and δtilt is the tilt deformation at the bottom of the microcolumn.

[0093] S4. Calculate the corrected spring constant kcorr: kcorr = kbend × a

[0094] S5. Calculate the force F on the microcolumn: F = kcorr × δ

[0095] where δ is the deformation of the micropillar.

[0096] S6. Calculate the micropillar top deformation δtilt (Figure 4): δtilt=8*Ttilt(ν)*(L / D)^2*(4 / π)*F / ED

[0097] The above calculation method can take into account the influence of micropillar base deformation and more accurately calculate the forces acting on the micropillars. This method can be widely applied in fields such as microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemistry and chemical engineering, and biofluidics, providing an effective way to calculate the forces acting on micropillars.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] Measuring fluid viscosity using multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation devices

[0100] This embodiment provides a multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device that uses changes in microcolumn light reflection signals to reflect the deflection and return speeds of the microcolumns in the fluid under the action of a magnetic field, as well as changes in frequency, to achieve accurate measurement of fluid viscosity.

[0101] When using the above multimodal characterization and perturbation system to measure fluid viscosity characteristics, the specific steps are as follows:

[0102] S1. Prepare a set of fluid samples with different viscosities, such as water, glycerin, and olive oil.

[0103] S2. Place the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device in a stable experimental environment and connect it to the magnetic field transmitting device, optical signal transmitting device and optical signal detecting device.

[0104] S3. The fluid sample to be tested passes through a multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device.

[0105] S4. A magnetic field transmitter applies a magnetic field to the micropillars in the flow field, causing them to deflect. The temporal variation in the intensity of the micropillar's light reflection signal reflects the speed of its deflection in fluids of varying viscosities. After the magnetic field is turned off, the temporal variation in the intensity of the micropillar's light reflection signal reflects the speed and frequency of its return in fluids of varying viscosities (Figure 1).

[0106] S5. Light emitted by the optical signal emitting device is directed to the light-reflecting layer at the top and / or side of the micropillar. Before and after the magnetic field is turned on and off, the optical signal detecting device detects the light reflected by the light-reflecting layer at the top and / or side of the micropillar. The collected optical signal data is analyzed to extract characteristics such as the deflection velocity, return velocity, and frequency of the micropillar in fluids of varying viscosities.

[0107] S6. Use the acquired data to plot the relationship between viscosity and deflection velocity, return velocity, and frequency. These relationship plots can accurately estimate the viscosity of the unknown fluid to be tested.

[0108] This method can be widely used in microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemistry and chemical engineering, and biofluids to improve the accuracy and efficiency of fluid state monitoring.

[0109] Example 5

[0110] Measuring fluid states at different flow rates using multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance devices

[0111] This embodiment provides a method for expanding the scope of fluid state measurement using a multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device and a micropillar array of different lengths and hardnesses ( FIG. 5 ).

[0112] When using the above multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance system to characterize the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0113] S1. Prepare a set of fluid samples with different viscosities and flow rates.

[0114] S2. Design and prepare a micropillar array of varying lengths and hardnesses. These micropillars can be tuned to adjust their hardness by varying the material or crosslinking strength, resulting in a set of micropillars with varying hardnesses to meet the needs of measuring different fluid states.

[0115] S3. Place the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device in a stable experimental environment and connect it to an optical signal transmitting device and an optical signal detecting device.

[0116] S4. Pass the fluid samples to be tested through the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device one by one.

[0117] S5. Using the optical signal emitting device to emit predetermined light, the light irradiating the light reflecting layer at the top and / or side of the microcolumn.

[0118] S6. Detect light reflected from the light reflecting layer on the top and / or side of the microcolumns using a light signal detection device. By analyzing the reflected light data, determine which microcolumns are in the sensitive linear range and convert the deformation linearly into a light reflection signal.

[0119] S7. Based on the acquired data, plot the relationship between the fluid flow rate, micro-pillar deformation, and light reflection signal. These relationship plots can accurately assess the state of the fluid under test.

[0120] Through this embodiment, we can expand the scope of measurement application.

[0121] Example 6

[0122] Measuring fluid direction using micropillars with a specific cross-section shape

[0123] This embodiment provides a method for accurately measuring the direction of a fluid by observing light attenuation using an array of micropillars with elliptical cross-sections and different axial directions.

[0124] When the above multimodal representation and perturbation system are used to represent the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0125] S1. Prepare a set of fluid samples.

[0126] S2. Design and fabricate an array of micropillars with elliptical cross-sections and varying axial lengths (Figure 7). These micropillars exhibit varying deformation characteristics along different axial lengths to meet the requirements for fluid directional measurement.

[0127] S3. Place the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device in a stable experimental environment and connect it to an optical signal transmitting device and an optical signal detecting device.

[0128] S4. Pass the fluid samples to be tested through the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device one by one.

[0129] S5. Using the optical signal emitting device to emit predetermined light, the light irradiating the light reflecting layer at the top and / or side of the elliptical cross-section microcolumn.

[0130] S6. Detect light reflected from the light reflecting layer on the top and / or side of the elliptical cross-section micropillar using a light signal detection device. Analyze the reflected light data to observe the deformation and light reflection signals of the micropillars with different axial directions under different fluid directions.

[0131] S7. Analyze the collected optical signal data and extract the deformation and light reflection signal characteristics of micropillars with different axial elliptical cross-sections under different fluid directions.

[0132] S8. Based on the acquired data, plot the relationship between the fluid direction, the deformation of the elliptical cross-section micro-pillars, and the light reflection signal. These relationship plots can be used to accurately assess the direction of the fluid under test.

[0133] Through this embodiment, we can accurately measure the direction of the fluid and provide strong support for fluid dynamics research.

[0134] Example 7

[0135] Utilize micropillars of different positions, lengths, and aspect ratios to achieve three-dimensional analysis of different fluid layer states

[0136] This embodiment provides a method for arranging micropillars with different lengths and aspect ratios at different positions in a three-dimensional fluid space to achieve 3D profiling of different layers of the fluid, thereby realizing three-dimensional analysis of the fluid within an optimal measurement range.

[0137] When the above multimodal representation and perturbation system are used to represent the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0138] S1. Prepare a group of different fluid samples.

[0139] S2. Design and fabricate a set of micropillars with varying lengths and aspect ratios (Figure 8). These micropillars are arranged at different locations within the 3D fluid space to meet the needs of 3D profiling.

[0140] S3. Place the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device in a stable experimental environment and connect it to an optical signal transmitting device and an optical signal detecting device.

[0141] S4. Pass the fluid samples to be tested through the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device one by one.

[0142] S5. Using the optical signal emitting device to emit predetermined light, the light reflecting layer at the top and / or side of the microcolumns of different lengths and aspect ratios is irradiated.

[0143] S6. Using an optical signal detection device, detect the light reflected from the light reflecting layers at the top and / or side surfaces of the microcolumns with different lengths and aspect ratios.

[0144] S7. Analyze the collected optical signal data and extract the deformation and optical reflection signal information of the micropillars at different positions under the action of the fluid.

[0145] S8. Based on the acquired data, the states of different layers of the fluid are plotted and mapped into three-dimensional space. These 3D profiling plots can accurately assess the flow field state of the fluid under test in three-dimensional space.

[0146] Through this embodiment, we can accurately realize 3D profiling of different layers of fluid states, providing strong support for fluid dynamics research.

[0147] Example 8

[0148] Using light reflection signals to represent base deformation to monitor fluid pressure

[0149] This embodiment provides a method for utilizing the deformation capability of the base to infer the deformation of the base and the pressure at that point by monitoring the attenuation of the optical signal at different positions.

[0150] When the above multimodal representation and perturbation system are used to represent the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0151] S1. Prepare a set of fluids with different pressures.

[0152] S2. Design and prepare a base made of a flexible material. Set an empty groove under the base so that the base can be more freely transformed into a curved surface when subjected to fluid pressure. Micro-columns with a light-reflecting layer are arranged above the base (Figure 9).

[0153] S3. Place the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device in a stable experimental environment and connect it to the optical signal transmitting device, optical signal detecting device and magnetic field transmitting device.

[0154] S4. Pass the fluids to be tested through the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device one by one.

[0155] S5. Using the optical signal emitting device to emit predetermined light, the light irradiating the light reflecting layer on the top and / or side of the microcolumn on the base that is deformed by the fluid pressure.

[0156] S6. Using an optical signal detection device, detect light reflected from the light reflection layer at the top and / or side of the microcolumns disposed on the base that is deformed by the fluid pressure. By analyzing the reflected light data, the deformation of the base under different fluid pressures and the light reflection signal are observed.

[0157] S7. Analyze the collected light signal data and extract the corresponding relationship between the deformation state of the base under different fluid pressures and the light reflection signal information.

[0158] S8. Based on the obtained data, infer the deformation of the base and the pressure at that point.

[0159] Through this embodiment, we can accurately monitor the fluid pressure and provide strong support for fluid mechanics research.

[0160] Example 9

[0161] Characterize the fluid parameters by deploying multimodal fluid characterization devices at different locations

[0162] This embodiment aims to provide a method for measuring the pressure difference between two points in fluids of different pipe diameters using multiple multimodal fluid characterization systems, and calculating characteristics such as the flow rate and pressure in the center of the pipe based on the known pipe diameter, the distance between the two points, and the liquid viscosity.

[0163] S1. Configure restriction surfaces to change the pipe diameter at different locations and configure multiple multimodal fluid characterization systems to enable them to measure the pressure difference between two points of fluid with different pipe diameters (Figure 10).

[0164] S2. Collect known conditions, including the diameter of the pipe (D) and the distance between two points (L). Use a multimodal fluid characterization system to measure the liquid viscosity (μ) according to the method of Example 4.

[0165] S3. Use a multimodal fluid characterization system to measure the pressure difference (ΔP) between two points of fluid with different pipe diameters.

[0166] S4. Calculate the flow velocity (V_max) at the center of the pipe based on the known conditions. Apply the Hagen-Poiseuille Equation: V_max = (R 2 ΔP) / (4μL), where R is the radius of the pipe, and the flow velocity in the center of the pipe is calculated.

[0167] S5. Further calculate the flow rate (Q) of the pipeline. The flow rate Q can be obtained by solving the integral of the flow velocity (V) over the pipe cross section. For laminar flow, the distribution of the flow velocity along the radial direction is parabolic. The flow rate of laminar flow can be calculated using the following formula: Q = (πR 4 ΔP) / (8μL).

[0168] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the pressure difference between two points in fluids of different pipe diameters using a multimodal fluid characterization system. Based on the known pipe diameter, the distance between the two points, and the liquid viscosity, the flow velocity and pressure at the center of the pipe are calculated, and the flow rate is further calculated. This method facilitates analysis of the pressure, flow velocity, and flow rate distribution of fluids of different pipe diameters.

[0169] Example 10

[0170] Fluid perturbation achieved by controlling micropillar motion using base deformation and magnetic field

[0171] This embodiment provides a method for disturbing a fluid, such as mixing and stirring, by using a mechanical device to cause deformation of a base or controlling the movement of micropillars through a magnetic field.

[0172] When the multimodal characterization and disturbance system is used to simultaneously or alternately characterize the fluid and the real-time disturbance, the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0173] S1. Prepare a group of fluid samples to be mixed and stirred, such as liquid A and liquid B.

[0174] S2. Design and prepare a multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system with a micro-pillar structure, including a magnetic field emission device and a mechanical device.

[0175] S3. Mix the fluid samples A and B to be tested together and pass them through a multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device, a multimodal fluid meter and a disturbance device.

[0176] S4. Operating the mechanical device to cause deformation of the base ( FIG9 ). The deformation of the base generates disturbances in the fluid, thereby causing mixing and stirring of the fluid.

[0177] S5. Simultaneously or alternately, operate the magnetic field emitting device to emit a magnetic field of a predetermined direction and intensity. The magnetic field acts on the micropillars, inducing movement of the micropillars. The movement of the micropillars further enhances the disturbance of the fluid, promoting mixing and agitation of the fluid.

[0178] S6. Monitor the fluid state in real time through the optical signal detection device, and analyze the effect of fluid mixing and stirring based on the light reflected by the microcolumns at different positions.

[0179] Through this embodiment, effective fluid perturbation, such as mixing and stirring, can be achieved. Simultaneously or alternately, the fluid state can also be characterized. This method can be widely applied to fields such as microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemistry and chemical engineering, and biofluidics, improving the effectiveness and efficiency of fluid mixing and stirring.

[0180] Example 11

[0181] Measuring fluid density by inducing micropillar deformation through magnetic field

[0182] This embodiment provides a method for measuring fluid density. Its core principle is to use a magnetic field to induce deformation in micropillars, thereby attenuating the optical signal. Under the same magnetic field strength, denser fluid micropillars experience less deformation due to the buoyancy force acting on their center of mass, resulting in less optical signal attenuation. This allows the fluid's density to be calculated.

[0183] When the above multimodal representation and perturbation system are used to represent the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0184] S1. Prepare a group of fluid samples with different densities to be tested.

[0185] S2. Design and prepare a multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system with a micro-pillar structure, including a magnetic field emission device.

[0186] S3. Pass the fluid samples to be tested through the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device one by one.

[0187] S4. Apply a magnetic field of the same intensity to each fluid sample to be tested, and observe the deformation of the microcolumns under the action of the magnetic field.

[0188] S5. Using an optical signal detection device, the optical signal attenuation caused by the deformation of the microcolumns in each fluid sample to be tested is monitored in real time.

[0189] S6. Analyze and compare the optical signal attenuation data of each fluid sample to be tested. Based on the attenuation data, determine that the fluid microcolumns with higher density deform less under the action of the magnetic field and have lower optical signal attenuation.

[0190] S7. Calculate the density of the fluid sample to be measured by comparing the light signal attenuation data and the data analysis device.

[0191] This method can be widely used in microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemistry and chemical engineering, and biofluids, providing a simple and efficient way to measure fluid density.

[0192] Example 12

[0193] Micropillar array for measuring fluid or gas state and dynamically adjusting the range technology

[0194] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the state of a fluid or gas, which mainly uses microcolumn technology to measure the fluid state (flow rate, direction, fluid viscosity), and can dynamically expand the measurement range as needed.

[0195] When the above multimodal representation and perturbation system are used to represent the fluid, the specific steps are as follows:

[0196] S1. Coat the top of the PDMS microcolumns with a magnetic metal reflective layer, and apply an anti-reflective layer between the microcolumns and on the sides.

[0197] S2. Lay the microcolumn chip on the bottom of the microfluidic channel.

[0198] S3. Inject fluid at varying flow rates into the microchannel inlet. Laser light or visible light is directed onto the chip from below the device, while the light reflection signal generated by the micropillars is measured from below. As the flow rate increases, the micropillars bend more and the light reflection signal decreases. Experimental results show a linear relationship between flow rate and light reflection signal, allowing the fluid state to be inferred from the strength of the light reflection signal generated by micropillar deformation.

[0199] S4. When the flow rate is too fast and exceeds the linear range of measurement, the microcolumn is pulled upward by the magnetic field, which is equivalent to increasing the hardness of the microcolumn, thereby expanding the measurement range.

[0200] This method can be widely used in microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemistry and chemical engineering, and biofluids, providing a simple and efficient way for fluid characterization and measurement.

[0201] Example 13

[0202] Combining microfluidics and microcolumn chips to simulate vascular environments

[0203] This embodiment provides a method for simulating a vascular environment by combining microfluidics with a microcolumn chip, which is used to study the interaction between cells and their influence on the fluid state.

[0204] S1. Micropillar chips are placed at the bottom of the microfluidic pipeline inlet and outlet to monitor the flow of fluids. The micropillars are coated with a metal reflective coating on top, and an anti-reflective coating is applied on the sides and between the micropillars. The flow rate of the fluid is calculated based on the strength of the light reflection signal.

[0205] S2. A commercial micro-pillar cell mechanics chip is laid at the bottom of the microfluidic channel, and the magnitude of the cell force can be characterized by the deformation of the micro-pillar.

[0206] S3. Inject vascular endothelial cells into the microfluidic channel and allow them to grow until they completely cover the mechanical chip.

[0207] S4. Add immune cells or tumor cells to the microfluidic channel and allow them to interact with the endothelial cells on the chip. Observe changes in endothelial cell mechanics.

[0208] Example 14

[0209] Combining microfluidics and microcolumn chips to simulate vascular environments

[0210] This embodiment provides a method for simulating a vascular environment by combining microfluidics with a microcolumn chip, which is used to study the interaction between cells and their influence on the fluid state.

[0211] S1. Micropillar chips are placed at the bottom of the microfluidic pipeline inlet and outlet to monitor the flow of fluids. The micropillars are coated with a metal reflective coating on top, and an anti-reflective coating is applied on the sides and between the micropillars. The flow rate of the fluid is calculated based on the strength of the light reflection signal.

[0212] S2. A commercial micro-pillar cell mechanics chip is laid at the bottom of the microfluidic channel, and the magnitude of the cell force can be characterized by the deformation of the micro-pillar.

[0213] S3. Inject vascular endothelial cells into the microfluidic channel and allow them to grow until they completely cover the mechanical chip.

[0214] S4. Add immune cells or tumor cells to the microfluidic channel and allow them to interact with the endothelial cells on the chip. Observe changes in endothelial cell mechanics.

[0215] Example 15

[0216] Measuring the distribution and flow rate of fluid velocity in pipelines using a multimodal fluid characterization system

[0217] This embodiment aims to provide a method for measuring the distribution of fluid velocity and flow rate in a pipeline using a multimodal fluid characterization system.

[0218] S1. Deploy the multimodal fluid characterization system on the pipe wall and inside the pipe, collect known conditions including the pipe diameter (D), measure the liquid viscosity (μ) and the shear force (τ) at the pipe (Figure 11).

[0219] S2. Determine the radial position (r) within the pipe, where 0≤r≤R, and R is the pipe radius.

[0220] S3. Applying the Newtonian fluid model, the shear force τ is proportional to the velocity gradient (dv / dr): τ = μ(dv / dr).

[0221] S4. Express the velocity gradient (dv / dr) using shear force τ and viscosity μ: dv / dr = τ / μ.

[0222] S5. Integrate the velocity gradient (dv / dr) to obtain the velocity distribution formula, that is, V(r) = (τ / μ)*(Rr) + C, where C is the integration constant.

[0223] S6. At the center of the pipe (r = 0), the flow velocity is maximum, denoted as V_max. Substitute the velocity distribution formula to solve for the constant C: V_max = (τ / μ)*R+C, and the solution is C = V_max - (τ / μ)*R.

[0224] S7. Substitute the constant C into the velocity distribution formula to obtain the final velocity distribution formula: V(r) = (τ / μ)*(Rr) + V_max - (τ / μ)*R.

[0225] S8. Calculate the velocity values ​​at different radial positions (r) according to the velocity distribution formula, thereby obtaining the velocity distribution in the pipeline.

[0226] S9. Using the velocity distribution formula, combined with the pipe cross-sectional area (A = πR 2 ), calculate the flow rate (Q) of the fluid in the pipeline. Q=∫0 R V(r)*2πr dr=2π∫0 R [(τ / μ)*(Rr)+V_max-(τ / μ)*R]*r dr.

[0227] This embodiment provides a method for measuring the velocity distribution and flow rate of a fluid in a pipeline using a multimodal fluid characterization system. This method facilitates analysis of the velocity distribution at different radial locations within the pipeline, helping to understand the flow characteristics of the fluid within the pipeline. Furthermore, this method can also calculate the total flow rate of the fluid in the pipeline.

[0228] Example 16

[0229] Measuring flow field and calibrating flow velocity using reflected light from microcolumn sensors

[0230] This embodiment aims to provide a method for measuring the flow field by using the reflected light of a microcolumn sensor and calibrating it using flow velocity, so as to accurately infer the fluid state.

[0231] S1. There is a metal reflective coating on the top of the PDMS micropillars, and an anti-reflective coating between the micropillars and on the sides.

[0232] S2. Lay the microcolumn chip on the bottom of the microfluidic channel ( FIG. 12 ).

[0233] S3: Fluids at varying flow rates are injected into the microchannel inlet. Laser light or visible light is directed onto the chip from below the device, while the light reflection signal generated by the micropillars is measured from below. As the flow rate increases, the micropillars bend more and the light reflection signal weakens. Experiments have confirmed that within a certain range of deformation, the flow rate and light reflection signal exhibit a linear relationship. Therefore, the fluid state can be inferred from the strength of the light reflection signal generated by micropillar deformation.

[0234] This embodiment provides a method for measuring flow field and calibrating flow velocity using reflected light from a micropillar sensor. Within a certain deformation range, deformation and light reflection signal attenuation are linearly related, and the fluid state can be inferred from the strength of the light reflection signal generated by micropillar deformation.

[0235] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device, characterized in that: include: Base, and A micro-pillar array disposed on the base, the micro-pillar array consisting of more than one micro-pillar, the micro-pillar being deformable by fluid and / or magnetic force; The microcolumn includes a bottom end connected to the base, a side surface and a top end away from the base and opposite to the bottom end. The microcolumn is provided with a light reflecting layer, which is arranged at at least one position among the top end, the side surface and the interior of the microcolumn.

2. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side surface and / or the base surface of the microcolumn are provided with an anti-reflection layer.

3. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light reflecting layer is selected from at least one of metal, metal oxide, metal salt, ultrafine glass beads, micro prisms and organic reflective materials.

4. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic material is disposed at at least one position on the top, side and / or inside of the microcolumn. Preferably, a magnetic metal light reflecting layer is disposed at the top of the microcolumn.

5. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of flow field restriction structures arranged on the base, and the flow field restriction structures include one or more restriction surfaces, and the restriction surfaces are planes or curved surfaces that are perpendicular to the plane where the base is located, connected to the base or integrally formed with the base.

6. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base and / or micro-column are made of conductive material.

7. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension portion from the top end to the bottom end of the microcolumn is provided with a fluorescent substance. Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the microcolumn includes a circle, an ellipse or a polygon.

8. A multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance characterization system, characterized in that: include: A multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; An optical signal emitting device, used for emitting a predetermined light; An optical signal detection device, used for detecting the light reflected from the light reflecting layer; A magnetic field transmitting device, used for transmitting a magnetic field; The light emitted by the optical signal emitting device is irradiated to the light reflecting layer through the incident light path, and the light reflected by the light reflecting layer enters the optical signal detecting device through the reflected light path.

9. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes an optical signal analysis device, which is used to analyze the optical signal.

10. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a data processing device for calculating and processing the optical signal and obtaining the flow field state result; and / or, The flow field state result is directly obtained by analyzing the optical signal with the optical signal analysis device.

11. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The data processing device evaluates the chemical, physical and biological conditions within the system based on the flow field conditions and provides predictive response information.

12. The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance characterization system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pressure sensing device is also included for measuring pressure information and / or applying appropriate pressure to the fluid.

13. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The optical signal emitting device has a light source, which includes a first light source arranged at the bottom of the base and / or a second light source arranged at the side of the base. The light emitted by the first light source and / or the second light source reaches the microcolumn.

14. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also included is a motion or deformation device for applying a mechanical force to cause motion and / or deformation to the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system.

15. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two or more multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance devices form a double-sided structure or a multi-sided structure, wherein the outer side of the double-sided structure or the multi-sided structure is a base, and the inner side encloses a three-dimensional fluid containing cavity; The base of each multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device forms a three-dimensional accommodating cavity surface; when the three-dimensional accommodating cavity is formed, at least one three-dimensional accommodating cavity surface is connected with a micro-column.

16. The multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to claim 15, characterized in that: When a double-sided structure or a multi-sided structure is formed by two multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance characterization devices, the fluid confinement structures are adapted to each other.

17. A method for fluid characterization and perturbation using the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation system according to any one of claims 8 to 16, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device uses an optical signal emitting device to emit a predetermined light; An optical signal detection device is used to detect the light after being acted upon by the multi-modal fluid characterization and disturbance device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The method also includes the step of using a magnetic field transmitting device to transmit a magnetic field of a predetermined direction and intensity.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The method also includes an optical signal analysis step: using an optical signal analysis device to compare and analyze the reflected light before and after the fluid to be characterized passes through the multimodal fluid characterization and disturbance device, and / or using an optical signal analysis device to compare and analyze the reflected light before and after the magnetic field transmitting device emits a magnetic field of a predetermined direction and intensity, so as to obtain fluid information, wherein the fluid information includes the flow field shear force, flow field direction, flow velocity, viscosity, flow state at a specific position, and the dynamic change of the spatial distribution of the fluid information over time.

20. Application of the multimodal fluid characterization and perturbation device as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 16 in microfluidics, microfluidics, microreactors, chemical engineering and biofluids.

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