Method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker by using a traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer. According to the method, the occurrence and development of the kiwifruit canker are effectively controlled through disease monitoring and evaluation, agricultural prevention and treatment measures and application of a comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy of matching traditional Chinese medicine fertilizers and other medicaments based on a traditional Chinese medicine agricultural technology. Wherein the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer takes a Chinese herbal medicine plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer with sterilization and bacteriostasis effects as a core, and is precisely applied in different growth stages in combination with a plurality of prevention and treatment medicaments. The application concentration, frequency and opportunity of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer and other medicaments as well as disease monitoring and local treatment measures are specified in detail. By implementing the method, the disease resistance and fruit quality of the kiwi fruits can be remarkably improved, meanwhile, the use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, and the ecological environment is protected. The method has the advantages of being environmentally friendly, efficient, sustainable and the like, and a new technical approach is provided for green prevention and treatment of the kiwifruit canker.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker disease by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer. BACKGROUND

[0002] Kiwifruit canker disease, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, is a bacterial disease that poses a serious threat to the kiwifruit industry. This disease mainly attacks the branches, leaves, and flower buds of kiwifruit, leading to weakened tree vigor, reduced yield, and even whole plant death and orchard destruction, causing significant economic losses to fruit farmers. For a long time, the prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker disease has mainly relied on chemical agents such as copper hydroxide and lime sulfur. Although these chemical agents can show certain control effects in the short term, they only treat the symptoms and do not address the root cause, and the overall control effect is not good. Moreover, long-term use also brings many problems. On the one hand, the pathogenic bacteria gradually develop resistance, making the control effect of chemical agents decline year by year; on the other hand, the frequent use of chemical agents not only causes excessive residues on fruits, reducing fruit safety, but also leads to environmental pollution problems such as soil and water pollution, causing significant negative impacts on the ecological system.

[0003] In addition to chemical agents, biological control methods such as plant-derived pesticides and pathogenic antagonistic bacteria also show certain potential in the prevention and treatment of kiwifruit canker disease. However, the application of these biological control methods is still in the initial stage, and large-scale commercialized biological control preparations have not yet been formed. At the same time, the biological control effect is greatly influenced by environmental factors, and the stability is insufficient, and the preparation process is relatively complex, which limits its wide application.

[0004] In addition, the existing prevention and treatment technology for kiwifruit canker disease also lacks a systematic and comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy. Most prevention and treatment technologies focus on the application of a single means, such as single chemical control or biological control, while ignoring the comprehensive use of agricultural measures, chemical control, and biological control. This lack of comprehensive prevention and treatment strategy often makes it difficult to achieve ideal control effects. At the same time, the occurrence patterns and prevention and treatment needs of kiwifruit canker disease vary in different regions and different varieties of kiwifruit. The existing technology does not fully consider these differences, resulting in uneven control effects.

[0005] The occurrence of kiwifruit canker disease is closely related to climate factors such as temperature, humidity, and precipitation. However, the existing technology lacks an understanding of the influence of climate factors in formulating prevention and treatment strategies, and lacks precise prevention and treatment measures based on climate prediction. This makes it difficult to accurately grasp the prevention and treatment opportunity in actual prevention and treatment, thereby affecting the control effect.

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the applicant proposes a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker disease by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer. SUMMARY

[0007] The application aims to provide a method for preventing and treating kiwi fruit canker disease by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following technical scheme: a method for preventing and treating kiwi fruit canker disease by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Disease monitoring and evaluation: regularly monitor the disease of the kiwi fruit orchard, record the occurrence of canker disease, and evaluate the severity of the disease.

[0010] Agricultural prevention and control measures:

[0011] Cleaning the orchard: after pruning in winter, concentrate on cleaning and removing diseased branches, leaves and fruits, and reducing the initial source of infection.

[0012] Trunk whitening: after pruning, use commercially available environmentally friendly lime-based whitening agent and lime sulfur mixture to standardize the coating of the trunk, and reduce the spread of the disease.

[0013] Application of traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer and other agents:

[0014] Before leaf fall: apply Kui Fuli, and uniformly spray it on the tree body to enhance the disease resistance of the tree body.

[0015] After pruning: spray lime sulfur mixture and perform trunk whitening to reduce the overwintering site of the disease.

[0016] When the bud is loose: apply copper naphthenate, and uniformly spray it on the tree body to inhibit early infection of the disease.

[0017] When the new shoots are 3-10 cm long: spray the mixed solution of mycostatin and potassium phosphite on the leaves, and apply plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer in the soil, so as to promote the growth of the tree body, improve the disease resistance, and kill bacteria.

[0018] Before flowering: spray the mixed solution of Kui Fuli, Qingkui Lizhi and Wofengsu, so as to kill bacteria, provide comprehensive nutrition, enhance the tree vigor, and improve the resistance of the tree body during the flowering period.

[0019] After fruit setting: spray the mixed solution of plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, springomycin and potassium phosphite on the leaves and in the soil, so as to supplement nutrition, enhance the tree vigor, promote fruit setting and fruit expansion, and improve fruit quality. At the same time, the mixed solution can kill and inhibit bacteria, and prevent the disease from being infected.

[0020] Optionally, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is Geqi Zheng traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, the application concentration thereof is 1000 times of spraying, and the soil application is performed before leaf fall of the kiwi fruit, when the new shoots are 3-10 cm long, and after fruit setting, and the application amount is 500 times of liquid each time.

[0021] Optionally, the application time of the plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer before leaf fall of the kiwi fruit is within one week after the leaf color starts to change in autumn, so as to ensure that the fertilizer fully penetrates the soil and is absorbed by the root system.

[0022] Optionally, the plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer needs to be combined with mesorhizobium and potassium phosphite for foliar spraying when the new shoots are 3-10 cm long, the concentration of mesorhizobium is 1000 times liquid, the concentration of potassium phosphite is 600 times liquid, spraying is performed every 7-10 days, and spraying is continuously performed 2-3 times.

[0023] Optionally, the plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer needs to be combined with spring thunder and potassium phosphite for foliar spraying after fruit setting, the concentration of spring thunder is 600 times liquid, the concentration of potassium phosphite is 600 times liquid, spraying is performed every 10-14 days, and spraying is continuously performed 2 times.

[0024] Optionally, a mixed solution of kui feng ling, green wilt rick and wofengsu is further applied to the whole plant before the kiwi flowers bloom, the concentration of kui feng ling is 200 times liquid, the concentration of green wilt rick is 300 times liquid, and the concentration of wofengsu is 600 times liquid.

[0025] Optionally, immediately after the kiwi is pruned, the pruning wounds and the tree trunk are sprayed with stone sulfur mixture for protection, and the concentration of the stone sulfur mixture is 3-5 Baumé.

[0026] Optionally, when the kiwi bud is loose, the tree trunk and large branches are sprayed with copper turpentine acid, and the concentration of the copper turpentine acid is 900 times liquid, so as to prevent the invasion of the pathogen from the bud.

[0027] Optionally, the method further comprises regularly monitoring the disease during the kiwi growing season, and as soon as the symptoms of the canker disease are found, the local treatment is performed on the diseased plants and the surrounding healthy plants, including scraping the diseased spots and applying tetramycin or thiacopper, the concentration of the tetramycin is 500 times liquid, and the concentration of the thiacopper is 500 times liquid.

[0028] Beneficial effects: Disease control effect: Compared with the control group, the relative control effect of the kiwi canker disease can reach more than 80% through the comprehensive control treatment.

[0029] Fruit quality improvement: The soluble solid content and the total soluble sugar content of the kiwi fruit are significantly improved, and the titratable acid content is reduced.

[0030] Economic benefits increase: Through the improvement of the fruit yield and quality, the production of green fruit, the significant increase of the sales price, and the increase of the economic benefits of the fruit farmers.

[0031] Ecological environment friendly: The use amount of chemical pesticides is reduced, the pesticide residues are reduced, the ecological environment is protected, and the carbon sink is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a disease monitoring and evaluation module schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2is a disease condition agricultural prevention and control measure module schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 is a application module schematic diagram of traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer and other agents in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 is a periodic monitoring of disease condition and local processing module schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which make the technical content of the present application clearer and easier to understand. The present application can be embodied in many different forms, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0037] A method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker disease by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural disease prevention and control, especially for the bacterial disease of kiwifruit canker disease which is a serious threat to the kiwifruit industry. Kiwifruit canker disease is caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, which has the characteristics of high infectivity, strong pathogenicity and wide distribution, can cause large area death of kiwifruit trees in a short time, and cause huge economic losses. Traditional prevention and control methods mainly rely on chemical fungicides, but long-term use not only makes the pathogen resistant, but also easily causes pesticide residues and environmental pollution problems. Therefore, developing an environmentally friendly, efficient and sustainable prevention and control method has become a problem to be solved in the current kiwifruit industry. The present application combines the concept of traditional Chinese medicine agriculture, and proposes a method for preventing and treating kiwifruit canker disease by using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer combined with comprehensive agricultural management measures, aiming to enhance the immunity of kiwifruit trees, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and realize green prevention and control of diseases.

[0038] The screening and preparation of traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer are the core links of the method of the present application. According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, choose traditional Chinese medicinal materials with the effects of antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and enhancing immunity, such as Astragalus, Codonopsis, Angelica, and Licorice. These traditional Chinese medicinal materials are scientifically proportioned and crushed to better release the effective components. Then, a proper amount of water and fermentation bacteria are added for fermentation treatment. During the fermentation process, the temperature, humidity and aeration conditions are strictly controlled to promote the release and transformation of the effective components in the traditional Chinese medicinal materials. For example, the temperature can be controlled at 25-30℃, the humidity is maintained at 60%-70%, and the aeration is performed twice a day for 30 minutes each time to ensure the smooth progress of the fermentation process. After fermentation, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is finally prepared through filtration, concentration and other processes.

[0039] In order to further improve the adaptability and effect of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, the types and proportions of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are flexibly adjusted according to the climate conditions and soil characteristics of different regions. Meanwhile, the types and dosage of the fermentation microbial agents are optimized by using modern biotechnology, so as to improve the fermentation efficiency and ensure the stability and activity of the effective components in the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer.

[0040] The application technology of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is the key to ensure the prevention and treatment effect. According to the growth cycle and disease occurrence law of the kiwi fruit, the best application period of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is determined. Generally, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is applied at the key periods of before leaf fall, after pruning, bud sprout loosening period, new shoot growth period, before flowering and after fruit setting. Before leaf fall, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is diluted with water at a certain proportion and then uniformly sprayed on the tree body and the ground, so as to provide nutrients for the tree body and enhance the cold resistance. After pruning, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is sprayed in time, so as to promote wound healing and prevent bacterial infection. The traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is sprayed again at the bud sprout loosening period, so as to promote the healthy growth of the bud sprout and improve the immunity of the tree body. When the new shoots grow to 3-10 cm, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is applied in combination with the spraying of biological pesticides such as mesosin and potassium phosphite, so as to promote the healthy growth of the new shoots and prevent diseases. Before flowering and after fruit setting, the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer combinations containing components such as kui fengling, qingku lizhi and wofengsu are applied, so as to improve the fruit setting rate, promote the development of the fruit and enhance the disease resistance of the tree body.

[0041] When the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer is applied, the application amount and frequency are flexibly adjusted according to the size and growth status of the tree body, so as to ensure that the tree body fully absorbs and utilizes the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer. Meanwhile, the application of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer can be combined with other agricultural management measures such as pruning, thinning and bagging, so as to improve the comprehensive prevention and treatment effect.

[0042] In addition to the application of the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, the present application also combines comprehensive agricultural management measures to prevent and treat kiwi fruit canker. In the aspect of agricultural prevention and treatment, the kiwi fruit varieties with strong disease resistance are preferentially selected for cultivation, so as to reduce the occurrence of diseases. According to the terrain and soil conditions, the planting density is reasonably determined, the ventilation and light transmission conditions are improved, the humidity is reduced, and the occurrence of diseases is reduced. The organic fertilizer is increased, the soil structure is improved, the soil fertility is improved, the tree body is provided with comprehensive nutrition, and the disease resistance is enhanced. The diseased branches, leaves and fruits in the orchard are removed in time, the source of the bacteria is reduced, and the spread of the diseases is prevented.

[0043] In the aspect of biological prevention and treatment, the natural enemy insects such as ladybugs and green lacewings are introduced, the number of pests is controlled, the damage of the pests to the tree body is reduced, and the risk of disease occurrence is reduced. Meanwhile, the biological pesticides which are friendly to the environment and safe to the natural enemies are selected for disease prevention and treatment, such as bacillus subtilis and bacteriophages.

[0044] In the aspect of physical prevention and treatment, the tree trunk is treated by whitening, the bacteria are prevented from invading the tree trunk, the sunlight is reflected, the temperature of the tree trunk is reduced, and the occurrence of sunburn disease is reduced. The insect-proof net is arranged around the orchard, the pests are prevented from migrating into the orchard, and the damage of the pests to the tree body is reduced. The rain-sheltering facilities are used for cultivation in the southern rainy areas in spring, so as to increase the prevention and treatment effect.

[0045] Climate factors have an important impact on the occurrence of kiwifruit canker. Therefore, the present application also covers the monitoring and response measures of climate factors. Regularly monitor the temperature, humidity and rainfall and other climate factors in the orchard, analyze their relationship with disease occurrence, and provide basis for prevention and control decision. For example, use temperature recorder to monitor the temperature change in the orchard, when the average temperature of ten days is above 2℃, strengthen the disease monitoring and control work. Use humidity recorder to monitor the humidity change in the orchard, when the average humidity of ten days is more than 70%, take measures such as drainage and ventilation to reduce humidity in time. Record the rainfall in the orchard, when the rainfall increases, strengthen the disease prevention work in time to prevent the infection of pathogen.

[0046] In order to better respond to the influence of climate factors on disease, the present application also establishes a disease occurrence early warning system. According to the historical data and real-time monitoring results, prevention and control warning is issued in advance to guide the fruit farmers to take prevention and control measures in time. At the same time, extreme weather response plan is made, such as continuous low temperature, freezing, hail, heavy rain and other extreme weather, take measures such as covering insulation material, anti-hail net, drainage and waterlogging prevention to protect the tree body from damage.

[0047] Evaluation and feedback of control effect is an important link of optimizing control measures. Regularly investigate the disease occurrence in the orchard, calculate the disease index and control effect, evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of control measures. The calculation method of disease index is: disease index = (Σ each level of disease number × representative value) / (total number of investigated plants × highest level representative value) × 100%. By comparing the disease index before and after control, calculate the control effect, control effect = (disease index before control-disease index after control) / disease index before control × 100%.

[0048] In order to track and record the disease occurrence and control effect for a long time, the present application establishes the disease occurrence and control effect database in the orchard. According to the evaluation results, adjust the control strategy in time, optimize the control measures, and improve the control effect. At the same time, feedback the control experience and results to the fruit farmers, guide them to scientifically control the disease.

[0049] In actual production, the method of the present application can be applied to prevent and control kiwifruit canker as follows: first, prepare the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer. Select traditional Chinese medicine materials such as Astragalus, Codonopsis, Angelica, and Licorice, mix them in a certain proportion, crush them, add an appropriate amount of water and fermentation agent for fermentation treatment, and then filter and concentrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer. Then, before leaf fall, dilute the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer with water at a ratio of 1:500 and uniformly spray it on the tree and the ground. After pruning, promptly spray the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer to promote wound healing. During the bud loose period and the new shoot growth period, spray the traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer in combination with the spraying of biological pesticides such as mycostatin and potassium phosphite. Before flowering and after fruit setting, apply a combination of traditional Chinese medicine fertilizers containing components such as Xikelongling, Qingkuli, and Wofengsu. In terms of the implementation of comprehensive agricultural management measures, cultivate kiwifruit varieties with strong disease resistance, reasonably plant densely to improve ventilation and light conditions, increase the application of organic fertilizer, scientifically fertilize, promptly remove diseased branches, leaves, and fruits in the orchard, introduce natural enemy insects, apply biological pesticides for biological control, coat the tree trunk with white paint, and set up insect-proof nets for physical control. In terms of monitoring and response to climate factors, regularly monitor the temperature, humidity, and rainfall in the orchard. When the average temperature of the ten-day period is above 2°C, the average humidity of the ten-day period exceeds 70%, or the winter rainfall increases, strengthen disease monitoring and control, and develop contingency plans to protect the tree from damage. Finally, evaluate and feedback the control effect. Regularly investigate the disease occurrence in the orchard and calculate the disease index and control effect. Establish a database to track and record the disease occurrence and control effect for a long time. According to the evaluation results, adjust the control strategy and optimize the control measures in time.

[0050] Example One: Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology for Canker Based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Fertilizer

[0051] Technical Background and Core Principles

[0052] Kiwifruit canker is a bacterial disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae. Traditional control relies on chemical pesticides, but long-term use has led to increased resistance of the pathogen, soil compaction, and excessive pesticide residues. This example is guided by the "Kiwifruit Canker and Soft Rot Comprehensive Prevention and Control Technology Regulations" and combines patent achievements to build a non-chemical fertilizer control system. The core principles include:

[0053] Immune activation of traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer: The active ingredients of plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer (baicalin, honeysuckle chlorogenic acid, and indigo root indigo) can induce systemic resistance in plants, increasing the expression of PR-1 protein by 2.3 times.

[0054] Synergistic bactericidal effect of biological agents: The combination of Chonglei copper and Xikelongling achieves dual bactericidal effect inside and outside the membrane by destroying the cell wall with copper ions and inhibiting protein synthesis with spring mycin, with a field control efficiency of 88.13%.

[0055] Physical barrier and soil remediation: calcium sulphide white coating forms a protective layer of calcium thiosulfate, humic acid improves soil aggregate structure, water holding capacity increases by 18%.

[0056] 1. Base fertilization before defoliation (November)

[0057] Whole tree spray with Xiesuoling 300 times liquid + 0.5% amino oligosaccharins, spray pressure 0.3 MPa, droplet diameter 150-200 μm, focus on covering branch bifurcation.

[0058] Synchronous soil application of plant-derived traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer 10 kg per plant, using strip trench method (trench depth 20 cm), mixed with soil and covered.

[0059] 2. Pathogen removal after pruning (December)

[0060] After cutting off the diseased branches, the pruners are disinfected with 75% alcohol for 30 seconds.

[0061] Spray with 5 Baume stone sulfur, followed by tree whitening (60% quicklime + 15% sulfur + 2% animal oil), whitening height 1.2 m, thickness 2 mm, completed within 24 hours.

[0062] 3. Pathogen prevention and control during bud bud loosening period (February of next year)

[0063] Spray with copper abietate 900 times liquid + 0.1% brassinolide, re-spray if it rains within 3 days after application, focus on spraying around the bud eyes.

[0064] 4. Immune strengthening during new shoot growth period (April)

[0065] Leaf spray with mesenchymal 1000 times liquid + potassium phosphite 600 times liquid, add 0.1% silicone adjuvant, no rain within 8 hours after application.

[0066] Soil application of rotten sheep manure 5 kg per plant (C / N ratio 15:1), mixed with traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer 5 kg per plant.

[0067] 5. Pathogen barrier before flowering (May)

[0068] Spray with Xiesuoling 200 times liquid + Qingkui Rick 300 times liquid + Wofengsu 600 times liquid to form a nano protective film (air permeability 0.8 m 3 / m 2 h).

[0069] 6. Continuous prevention and control during fruit setting period (June)

[0070] Spray with chinglei mycin 600 times liquid + potassium phosphite 600 times liquid, configure a positive pressure ventilation system to control the humidity during flowering period below 75%.

[0071] Effect verification and data support

[0072] Control effect index: relative control effect 82.51%, disease spot expansion rate reduction 76.3%, pathogen density reduction 3.2 orders of magnitude.

[0073] Yield improvement: single fruit weight 83.4g (control 68.7g), soluble solids 18.2% (control 15.1%), per mu yield 14418.72 yuan (control 8923.67 yuan).

[0074] Soil improvement: organic matter content increased by 0.8%, earthworm density reached 3.2 / m (control 0.7 / m) 2 2 ), carbon emission reduction 3.2 kg CO2 / kg fruit.

[0075] Technical advantages and innovation points

[0076] Resistance management: pathogen resistance to dithianon developed at a rate of only 0.08 times / year, significantly lower than the chemical control of 0.32 times / year.

[0077] Compatibility: Chinese medicine fertilizer can be mixed with 23 kinds of biological pesticides without antagonism, and mixed with chemical pesticides with a 48h interval.

[0078] Persistence: sodium alginate embedding technology makes the release period of active ingredients reach 45d, reducing the frequency of pesticide application.

[0079] Example two: biological agent strengthening and soil regulation comprehensive technology

[0080] Technical background and core principle

[0081] This example is aimed at soil with high basic fertility, strengthening biological prevention and control and soil health management. The core principle includes:

[0082] Immune induction: spraying 5% amino oligosaccharide after flowering to induce phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity to increase to 2.1 times that of the control.

[0083] Pathogen barrier: nano material loaded with 0.3% tetramycin forms a branch protective film with a gas permeability of 0.8 m 3 / m 2 ·h.

[0084] Soil regulation: EM bacteria (effective viable count ≥10 9 CFU / g) and Chinese medicine residue matrix (Huanglian residue 30% + Huangbo residue 20%) are applied together, which increases the soil microbial carbon by 2.3 times.

[0085] 1. Winter garden cleaning and pathogen control (December-January)

[0086] ​After pruning the diseased branches, disinfect the pruning saw with 75% alcohol for 30 seconds. Use the "scraping-burning-painting" method for diseased spot treatment (disease spot expansion control rate 92.4%).

[0087] Spray 5 Baume's stone sulfur, trunk whitening (60% lime + 15% sulfur + 2% animal oil).

[0088] 2. Immune activation during bud sprouting period (February of the following year)

[0089] Spray copper naphthenate 900 times + 0.1% brassinolide, focus on spraying around the bud eye.

[0090] 3. Biological prevention and control during new shoot growth period (April)

[0091] Leaf spraying mesorhizobium 1000 times + potassium phosphite 600 times, adding 0.1% silicone adjuvant.

[0092] Soil application of rotten sheep manure 5 kg per plant + traditional Chinese medicine residue matrix (30% Coptis residue + 20% Cortex Phellodendri residue), trenching depth 20 cm.

[0093] 4. Pathogen barrier before flowering (May)

[0094] Spray Xifuoling 200 times + Qingkui Rick 300 times + Wofengsu 600 times, configure positive pressure ventilation system to control humidity.

[0095] 5. Continuous prevention and control during fruit setting period (June)

[0096] Spray chunlei mycin 600 times + potassium phosphite 600 times, synchronously apply EM bacterial agent (10 kg per mu).

[0097] Effect verification and data support

[0098] Continuous monitoring in Mei County, Shaanxi Province in 2023-2024 shows:

[0099] Preventive effect index: relative prevention effect 82.12%, disease spot expansion rate reduction 73.8%, pathogen density reduction 2.9 orders of magnitude.

[0100] Yield improvement: single fruit weight 80.2g (control 68.7g), soluble solids 17.8% (control 15.1%), yield per mu 13892.45 yuan (control 8923.67 yuan).

[0101] Ecological benefits: spider enemy quantity increased 4.8 times, honeybee visit frequency increased 63%, soil heavy metals (Pb <50 mg / kg, Cd <0.1 mg / kg) and pesticide residues (tetramycin <0.1 mg / kg) all reached green food standards.

[0102] Technical advantages and innovation points

[0103] Resistance delay: The development speed of pathogen resistance to dithianon is 0.12 times per year, which is significantly lower than the chemical control.

[0104] Compatibility optimization: EM microbial agents synergize with traditional Chinese medicine residue substrates to increase soil enzyme activity (urease, phosphatase) by 1.8 times.

[0105] Intelligent upgrade: The variable spraying system based on spectral diagnosis (spraying amount error <5%) can reduce pesticide use by 30%.

[0106] Technical popularization and application prospect

[0107] Economic benefit analysis

[0108] Shaanxi Zhouzhi 500 mu demonstration garden data shows:

[0109] Cost composition: The input of traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer system per mu is 1280 yuan (chemical control 890 yuan), of which biological agents account for 65%.

[0110] Output benefit: The rate of high-quality fruit increased by 27%, the unit price was 1.8 yuan / kg higher, the net income per mu was 9820 yuan (chemical control 6350 yuan), an increase of 54.7%.

[0111] Ecological and social benefits

[0112] Carbon emission reduction: Compared with chemical control, it reduces 3.2 kg CO2 / kg fruit, which meets the carbon neutralization target.

[0113] Biodiversity protection: The number of spider natural enemies increased by 4.8 times, forming a natural pest control system.

[0114] Food safety: The qualified rate of pesticide residues is 100%, meeting the green food certification standard.

[0115] Technical upgrade direction

[0116] Intelligent spraying system: Develop AI-based disease identification and variable spraying technology, with spraying amount error <5%.

[0117] New biological agents: Research and development of low-temperature resistant bacteriophages (-15℃ activity retention) and high-temperature resistant Bacillus subtilis (50℃ survival rate >80%).

[0118] Data platform construction: Build a blockchain traceability system to realize "field-warehouse-market" whole-chain quality control.

[0119] The foregoing merely illustrates the principles of the application and application of its leading features. This application is not limited to the illustrative embodiments shown and described herein. Rather, this application is capable of operating within a further range of conditions and environments than those specifically described herein, and further modifications can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Accordingly, the description is to be construed as illustrative only and not restrictive of the broad disclosure or application of the application. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded simply as illustrative and with the scope of the application being measured by the appended claims, and not with the specification. No admission is made that any reference constitutes prior art. It is my intent, therefore, to be limited only as appears in the following claims.

[0120] Furthermore, it should be understood that although the description above relates to embodiments, not every embodiment according to the description contains each and every feature or combination of features. Some embodiments can be comprised of some features of the description while others can be devoid of certain features. Therefore, features or combinations of features of the description should be considered as exemplary and not mandatory unless otherwise indicated by the patentable subject matter.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling kiwifruit canker using traditional Chinese medicine fertilizer, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Disease monitoring and assessment: Regularly monitor the kiwi orchard for disease, record the occurrence of canker, and assess the severity of the disease. Agricultural control measures: Orchard cleanup: After winter pruning, clean up and remove diseased branches, leaves and fruits to reduce the initial source of infection. Tree trunk whitewashing: After pruning, use commercially available environmentally friendly quicklime-based whitewash and lime-sulfur mixture to coat the tree trunk properly to reduce the spread of pathogens. Application of Chinese herbal fertilizers and other agents: Before leaf fall: Apply a fungicide, spraying it evenly on the tree to enhance its disease resistance. After pruning: spray with lime sulfur mixture and whitewash the trunk to reduce overwintering sites for pathogens. When buds loosen: Apply copper rosinate evenly to the tree to inhibit early infection by pathogens. When the new shoots are 3-10cm long: spray the leaves with a mixture of kasugamycin and potassium phosphate, and at the same time apply plant-derived Chinese herbal fertilizer to the soil to promote vigorous tree growth, improve disease resistance and kill bacteria. Before flowering: Spray a mixture of rot fungicide, virucidal agent, and fertile fertilizer to sterilize and provide comprehensive nutrition, enhance tree vigor, and improve the tree's resistance during the flowering period. After fruit set: Foliar spraying and soil application of a mixture of plant-derived Chinese herbal fertilizer, kasugamycin, and potassium phosphate to supplement nutrients, strengthen the tree, promote fruit set and expansion, and improve fruit quality. Simultaneously, it kills and inhibits bacteria, preventing pathogen infection.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The herbal fertilizer is a herbal plant-derived herbal fertilizer with bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects. Its spray application concentration is 1000 times dilution. It is applied to the leaves and soil before the kiwifruit leaves fall, when the new shoots are 3-10cm long, and after fruit set. The amount of soil application is 500 times dilution each time.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plant-derived herbal fertilizer should be applied to kiwifruit before leaf fall, within one week after the leaves begin to change color in autumn, to ensure that the fertilizer fully penetrates the soil and is absorbed by the roots.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The application of the plant-derived Chinese herbal fertilizer when the new shoots are 3-10cm long requires foliar spraying in combination with kasugamycin and potassium phosphate. The concentration of kasugamycin should be 1000 times and the concentration of potassium phosphate should be 600 times. Spray once every 7-10 days, and spray continuously for 2-3 times.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The plant-derived Chinese herbal fertilizer should be applied as a foliar spray after fruit set, in combination with kasugamycin and potassium phosphite. The concentration of kasugamycin should be 600 times and the concentration of potassium phosphite should be 600 times. Spray once every 10-14 days, for a total of 2 consecutive sprays.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, This also includes applying a mixture of rot fungicide, sclerotinic acid, and fertile fertilizer before the kiwifruit flowers bloom, with the rot fungicide concentration at 200 times, the sclerotinic acid concentration at 300 times, and the fertile fertilizer concentration at 600 times, spraying the entire plant.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Immediately after pruning the kiwifruit, spray the pruning wounds and trunk with lime sulfur solution for protection. The concentration of lime sulfur solution should be 3-5 Baume degrees.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the kiwi buds loosen, spray the trunk and large branches with copper rosinate at a concentration of 900 times to prevent pathogens from invading through the buds.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The method also includes regularly monitoring the disease during the kiwi fruit growing season. Once canker symptoms are found, the diseased plant and surrounding healthy plants should be treated locally, including scraping off the lesions and applying tetracycline or thiabendazole copper, with the tetracycline concentration at 500 times and the thiabendazole copper concentration at 500 times.

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