Testing device and method for observing settlement of earth and rockfill dam during construction period

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device and method for observing settlement of an earth and rockfill dam in a construction period, and belongs to the technical field of dam safety monitoring of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, arranging an observation component A and an observation component B on the outer side of a transparent boundary constraint component; 2, the inner side of the transparent boundary constraint assembly is filled with soil and stone materials of a filling layer, and then the top of the filling layer is covered with a flexible auxiliary measuring plate; thirdly, the filling layer is rolled on the flexible auxiliary measuring plate through a rolling assembly; 4, calculating the curve change of the flexible auxiliary measuring plate by adopting an image recognition algorithm to obtain the settlement amount of the soil and stone material and the settlement amount along-line distribution rule; and step 5, repeating the step 2 to the step 4, obtaining the settlement amount and the settlement amount distribution rule of the earth and rockfill materials of the whole body and each filling layer through calculation, and depicting the settlement deformation condition of the earth and rockfill dam construction filling stage. And the full-section and full-time settlement deformation condition of the earth and rockfill dam construction filling stage can be accurately depicted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a test device and method for observing settlement during the construction period of an earth-rock dam, belonging to the field of dam safety monitoring technology for water conservancy and hydropower projects. Background Technology

[0002] Settlement and deformation of earth-rock dams are a key concern for all parties involved in the construction of such projects. They are the most direct physical quantities for evaluating the quality of dam construction, the rationality of the design, and the normality of dam operation. Currently, settlement of earth-rock dams is mainly obtained through simulation calculations or prototype observations. However, since simulation calculations are based on ideal conditions and differ from actual engineering, the calculated results often differ significantly from the values ​​observed by prototypes. Prototype observations are relatively mature, but due to objective limitations such as interference from construction filling and insufficient density of measuring points, it is often impossible to obtain the settlement of the soil and rock mass throughout the entire construction period. Loss of measured settlement is extremely common, and the measured values ​​are often smaller than the actual values.

[0003] Therefore, both simulation calculations and prototype observations can only reflect the settlement of soil and rock mass at a certain point in time or at a certain part of the dam body, and there is a large gap between them and the actual settlement. They cannot fully and accurately depict the settlement and deformation during the construction and filling stage of the earth-rock dam. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a test apparatus and method for observing settlement during the construction period of an earth-rock dam.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A test apparatus for observing settlement during the construction period of an earth-rock dam includes: The transparent boundary constraint component acts as a boundary constraint for the earth and rock materials filling the earth-rock dam inside it, and provides an observation window; Flexible auxiliary measuring plates are laid on top of each fill layer of the earth-rock dam; Observation component A is used to observe the longitudinal settlement distribution of soil and rock materials; Observation component B is used to observe the lateral settlement distribution of soil and rock materials.

[0006] The transparent boundary constraint component includes a base plate and three upright plates. The three upright plates are all set on the base plate and are perpendicular to the base plate. Two of the three upright plates are arranged in parallel, and the third upright plate is located between the two parallel upright plates, perpendicular to the two parallel upright plates. The two ends of the third upright plate are connected to one end of the two parallel upright plates respectively.

[0007] The transparent boundary constraint component is made of transparent acrylic sheet or transparent glass sheet.

[0008] The flexible auxiliary measuring plate is a black PE board with holes or a black geomat.

[0009] Both observation component A and observation component B are binocular cameras.

[0010] It also includes a compaction assembly for compacting a flexible auxiliary measuring plate laid on top of the earth-rock dam fill layer.

[0011] The compaction assembly is a heavy hammer roller.

[0012] A test method for observing settlement during the construction period of an earth-rock dam includes the following steps: Step 1: Arrange observation component A and observation component B on the outside of the transparent boundary constraint component. Observation component A is used to observe the longitudinal settlement distribution of the soil and rock, and observation component B is used to observe the lateral settlement distribution of the soil and rock. Step 2: Fill a layer of soil and rock material inside the transparent boundary constraint component, and then cover the top of the filling layer with a flexible auxiliary measurement plate. Step 3: Use the compaction assembly to compact the fill layer on the flexible auxiliary measuring plate to simulate the actual compaction scene of the soil and rock at the construction site until the compaction degree of the soil and rock material is consistent with the design compaction degree, then stop compaction. Step 4: During the implementation of Step 3, high-definition images of the soil and rock material and the flexible auxiliary measuring plate are acquired in real time and continuously using observation component A and observation component B. Then, image recognition algorithms are used to calculate the curve changes of the flexible auxiliary measuring plate to obtain the settlement of the soil and rock material and the distribution law of settlement along the line. Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to calculate the overall and individual settlement of the soil and rock materials and the settlement distribution pattern during the construction of each filling layer from bottom to top, thereby depicting the settlement deformation during the filling stage of the earth-rock dam construction.

[0013] The observation component A is located on the same side of the two parallel vertical plates in the transparent boundary constraint component, and the observation component B is located between the two parallel vertical plates in the transparent boundary constraint component, on the side of the other vertical plate away from the two parallel vertical plates. The distance from the observation component A and the observation component B to the transparent boundary constraint component is no more than 5m.

[0014] In step five, each filling layer is constructed from bottom to top using a method of equal thickness.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, the present invention can simulate and restore the actual compaction scene of soil and rock at the construction site, and calculate the overall and individual soil and rock material settlement and settlement distribution law during the construction of each filling layer from bottom to top, thereby accurately depicting the settlement and deformation of the entire cross section and the entire time during the construction and filling stage of the earth-rock dam.

[0016] Secondly, this invention creatively proposes a method based on the synchronous deformation of a flexible auxiliary measuring plate and soil and rock materials. By analyzing and calculating the settlement deformation of the flexible auxiliary measuring plate, which is significantly different from that of the soil and rock materials, the settlement value and distribution law of the soil and rock materials can be obtained. This method breaks through the limitation of existing technical means that can only reflect the settlement of soil and rock bodies at a certain point in time or at a certain location. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1-soil and rock material, 2-flexible auxiliary measurement plate, 3-transparent boundary constraint component, 4-observation component A, 5-observation component B. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the experimental device for observing settlement during the construction period of an earth-rock dam according to the present invention includes: The transparent boundary constraint component 3 acts as a boundary constraint for the earth and rock material 1 of the earth-rock dam filled inside it, and provides an observation window; Flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 is laid on top of each fill layer of the earth-rock dam; Observation component A4 is used to observe the longitudinal settlement distribution of soil and rock material 1; Observation component B5 is used to observe the lateral settlement distribution of soil and rock material 1.

[0021] The transparent boundary constraint component 3 includes a base plate and three upright plates. The three upright plates are all set on the base plate and are perpendicular to the base plate. Two of the three upright plates are arranged in parallel, and the third upright plate is located between the two parallel upright plates and is perpendicular to the two parallel upright plates. The two ends of the third upright plate are connected to one end of the two parallel upright plates respectively.

[0022] The transparent boundary constraint component 3 is made of high-strength transparent acrylic sheet or high-strength transparent glass sheet.

[0023] The flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 is a black PE board with holes or a black geomat.

[0024] Both observation component A4 and observation component B5 are binocular cameras.

[0025] It also includes a compaction assembly for compacting the flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 laid on top of the earth-rock dam fill layer.

[0026] The compaction assembly is a heavy hammer roller.

[0027] A test method for observing settlement during the construction period of an earth-rock dam includes the following steps: Step 1: Arrange observation components A4 and B5 on the outside of the transparent boundary constraint component 3. Observation component A4 is used to observe the longitudinal settlement distribution of soil and rock material 1, and observation component B5 is used to observe the lateral settlement distribution of soil and rock material 1.

[0028] Step 2: Fill a layer of soil and rock material 1 inside the transparent boundary constraint component 3, and then cover the top of the filling layer with a flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2.

[0029] Step 3: Using the compaction assembly, the fill layer is compacted on the flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 to simulate the actual compaction scenario of the soil and rock mass at the construction site. Compaction is stopped when the compaction degree of the soil and rock material 1 matches the design compaction degree. During the compaction process, the flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 coordinates the settlement and deformation with the soil and rock material 1.

[0030] Step 4: During the implementation of Step 3, observation components A4 and B5 are used to acquire high-definition images of the soil and rock material 1 and the flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 in real time and continuously. Then, image recognition algorithms are used to calculate the curve changes of the flexible auxiliary measuring plate 2 to obtain the settlement of the soil and rock material 1 and the distribution law of settlement along the line.

[0031] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to calculate the overall settlement and settlement distribution of the soil and rock material 1 in each filling layer during the construction process from bottom to top, thereby depicting the settlement deformation during the filling stage of the earth-rock dam construction.

[0032] The observation component A4 is located on the same side of the two parallel uprights in the transparent boundary constraint component 3. The observation component B5 is located between the two parallel uprights in the transparent boundary constraint component 3, on the side of the other upright away from the two parallel uprights. The distances of both observation components A4 and B5 from the transparent boundary constraint component 3 are no greater than 5m. The specific distances of observation components A4 and B5 from the transparent boundary constraint component 3 are determined based on the size of the transparent boundary constraint component 3, with the preferred optimal distance being no greater than 5m.

[0033] In step five, each filling layer is constructed from bottom to top using a method of equal thickness.

Claims

1. A test device for observing earth-rock dam settlement during construction, characterized in that: The application relates to a transparent boundary constraint assembly (3) for playing a boundary constraint role on earth and rockfill (1) filled in the inner side of the transparent boundary constraint assembly (3) and providing an observation window, a flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2) laid on the top of each filling layer of the earth and rockfill dam, an observation assembly A (4) for observing the longitudinal settlement distribution of the earth and rockfill (1), and an observation assembly B (5) for observing the transverse settlement distribution of the earth and rockfill (1). The transparent boundary constraint assembly (3) comprises a bottom plate and three vertical plates, the three vertical plates are arranged on the bottom plate and are perpendicular to the bottom plate, two of the three vertical plates are arranged in parallel, and the other vertical plate is arranged between the two parallel vertical plates and is perpendicular to the two parallel vertical plates, and the two ends of the vertical plate are connected with one end of the two parallel vertical plates. The transparent boundary constraint assembly (3) is made of transparent acrylic plates or transparent glass plates. The flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2) is a black hole PE plate or a black geotextile mat. The observation assembly A (4) and the observation assembly B (5) are both binocular cameras.

2. The test device for observing the settlement of an earth and rockfill dam during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application further comprises a rolling assembly for rolling the flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2) laid on the top of the filling layer of the earth and rockfill dam.

3. The test apparatus for observing the settlement of an earth and rockfill dam during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rolling assembly is a heavy hammer roller.

4. The test apparatus for observing the settlement of an earth and rockfill dam during construction according to claim 1, characterized by: The application comprises the following steps:

5. The test apparatus for observing the settlement of earth and rockfill dams during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step one: arranging the observation assembly A (4) and the observation assembly B (5) on the outer side of the transparent boundary constraint assembly (3), wherein the observation assembly A (4) is used for observing the longitudinal settlement distribution of the earth and rockfill (1), and the observation assembly B (5) is used for observing the transverse settlement distribution of the earth and rockfill (1); 6. The test apparatus for observing the settlement of earth and rockfill dams during construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step two: filling the earth and rockfill (1) of one filling layer on the inner side of the transparent boundary constraint assembly (3), and then laying one layer of the flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2) on the top of the filling layer; 7. The test apparatus for observing the settlement of earth and rockfill dams during construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step three: rolling the filling layer on the flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2) by using the rolling assembly, simulating the actual rolling scene of the earth and rockfill body in the construction site, and stopping rolling until the compaction degree of the earth and rockfill (1) is consistent with the design compaction degree; 8. A test method for observing the settlement of earth-rockfill dam during construction by using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Step four: in the process of implementing step three, the observation assembly A (4) and the observation assembly B (5) are used to obtain the overall high-definition image of the earth and rockfill (1) and the flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2) in real time and continuously, and then an image recognition algorithm is used to calculate the curve change of the flexible auxiliary measurement plate (2), so as to obtain the settlement amount and the settlement amount distribution rule of the earth and rockfill (1); Step five: repeating steps two to four, so that the settlement amount and the settlement amount distribution rule of the overall and each filling layer of the earth and rockfill (1) are obtained in the process of constructing each filling layer from bottom to top, and the settlement deformation condition of the earth and rockfill dam in the filling construction stage is depicted. The observation assembly A (4) is arranged on the same side of the two parallel vertical plates in the transparent boundary constraint assembly (3), the observation assembly B (5) is arranged between the two parallel vertical plates in the transparent boundary constraint assembly (3) and is located on the side of the other vertical plate away from the two parallel vertical plates, and the distance between the observation assembly A (4) and the observation assembly B (5) and the transparent boundary constraint assembly (3) is not greater than 5 m. In step five, each filling layer is constructed from bottom to top in the way of equal thickness. ​ ​ 9. The test method for observing the settlement of an earth and rockfill dam during construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: ​ 10. The test method for observing earth-rock dam settlement during construction period according to claim 8, characterized in that: ​

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