Shrub-grass combined vegetation restoration and reconstruction method for photovoltaic power station in high-cold and high-altitude area

Abstract

The invention discloses a shrub and grass combined vegetation restoration and reconstruction method for a photovoltaic power station in a high-cold and high-altitude area, relates to the technical field of vegetation restoration and reconstruction, and aims to solve the problem that shrub and grass growth is not facilitated when the prior art is applied to the high-cold and high-altitude area. The method comprises the following steps; the method comprises the following steps: S1, soil improvement: improving the soil of a photovoltaic power station area in a high-cold and high-altitude area; s2, shrub and grass vegetation selection: selecting and using potentilla fruticosa and potentilla glauca to alternately plant in a vacant area between the photovoltaic panels according to the line spacing of 2m and the plant spacing of 1.5 m, then selecting and using elymus nutans and siberian wildrye, mixing the elymus nutans and the siberian wildrye according to the seed mass ratio of 1: 1, sowing in line in the shrub lines and the area below the photovoltaic panels, and the sowing rate per mu being 15-20kg; s3, later-stage maintenance management, wherein the planted shrub and grass vegetation is subjected to maintenance management. The method has the advantage of guaranteeing the growth and survival of shrub and grass vegetation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vegetation restoration and reconstruction, and more particularly to a method for restoring and reconstructing shrub-grass vegetation in a high-cold and high-altitude region of a photovoltaic power station. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of energy structure transformation, photovoltaic power stations, as an important form of clean energy development, are being built on a larger scale in high-cold and high-altitude regions. However, the special climate and soil conditions in high-cold and high-altitude regions pose a serious challenge to the vegetation restoration work around and inside the photovoltaic power station.

[0003] The prior art can achieve good vegetation restoration effect in low-altitude and temperate regions, but when applied in high-cold and high-altitude regions, the low-temperature environment inhibits the activity of soil microorganisms, which cannot provide effective nutrients for vegetation in time, and the soil is prone to freezing and thawing, which destroys the soil structure and reduces the air permeability and water retention, which is not conducive to the growth of shrubs and grasses. In view of this, we propose a method for restoring and reconstructing shrub-grass vegetation in a high-cold and high-altitude region of a photovoltaic power station. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for restoring and reconstructing shrub-grass vegetation in a high-cold and high-altitude region of a photovoltaic power station, which aims to solve the problem that the prior art is not conducive to the growth of shrubs and grasses when applied in high-cold and high-altitude regions.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solution: a method for restoring and reconstructing shrub-grass vegetation in a high-cold and high-altitude region of a photovoltaic power station, which comprises the following steps: S1, soil improvement, improving the soil of the photovoltaic power station area in the high-cold and high-altitude region; S2, selection of shrub-grass vegetation, selecting Potentilla fruticosa and Leucopogon silvifolius to be planted alternately in the area between photovoltaic panels at a row spacing of 2m and a plant spacing of 1.5m, and selecting Elymus nutans and Elymus nutans, and mixing them in a seed quality ratio of 1:1, and sowing them in the area under the shrubs and photovoltaic panels by strip sowing, with a sowing amount of 15-20kg per mu; S3, post-maintenance management, maintenance management of the planted shrub-grass vegetation.

[0006] Preferably, in the above step S1, the soil improvement specifically comprises the following steps: S1.1, the composite microbial inoculant made by mixing low-temperature resistant bacillus, actinomyces and yeast in a mass ratio of 2:2:1 is mixed with rotten yak dung and calcium humate in a mass ratio of 1:10:2, uniformly applied to the surface of the soil in the photovoltaic power station area to be restored, the application amount is 550-850 kg per mu, then the mechanical plowing equipment is used to plow into the soil, the plowing depth is 20-30 cm, wherein the humic acid content of the calcium humate is ≥70%, and the calcium element content is ≥8%; S1.2, then 7-10 days after plowing, the water-retaining modifier made by mixing attapulgite and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 3:1 is uniformly applied to the surface of the soil, the application amount is 300-500 kg per mu, the mechanical plowing equipment is used for secondary plowing, the plowing depth is 15-20 cm, and the water-retaining modifier and the residual calcium humate in the above step S1.1 can form a "water-retaining-fertilizer-fixing" synergistic system to improve the water and fertilizer capacity of the soil.

[0007] Preferably, in the above step S3, the maintenance and management of the shrub-grass vegetation specifically includes the following steps; S3.1, when there is no precipitation for seven consecutive days within one month after the shrub-grass vegetation is planted, drip irrigation is used, 20-30 m³ of water is applied per mu, and drip irrigation is performed every 20-30 days after one month until the shrub-grass vegetation grows stably; S3.2, artificial weeding is performed during the growth period of the shrub-grass vegetation; S3.3, ladybugs are released to prevent aphids, and bacillus subtilis is sprayed to prevent leaf spot disease.

[0008] Preferably, in the above step S1.1, the bacillus and actinomyces are both low-temperature acclimated and selected, and can maintain metabolic activity at-10°C environment.

[0009] Preferably, in the above step S1.1, when the composite microbial inoculant, rotten yak dung and calcium humate are mixed, the calcium humate is first crushed to a particle size of ≤0.5 mm, then the composite microbial inoculant, rotten yak dung and calcium humate are sequentially mixed, and the uniformity of the mixture is ensured to be ≥90%.

[0010] Preferably, in the above step S1.1, the rotten yak dung has a composting period of not less than 6 months, and the heap temperature needs to be controlled at 55-65°C during the composting process to ensure the inactivation of pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds.

[0011] Preferably, in the above step S1.1, the application amount is 550-850 kg per mu, the proportion of the complex microbial agent is 5%-8%, the proportion of the matured yak dung is 75%-85%, and the proportion of the calcium humate is 8%-12%, and the proportions can be adjusted according to the initial organic matter content of the soil, when the initial organic matter content is <10 g / kg, the proportion of the calcium humate is increased to 12%-15%, and when the initial organic matter content is ≥15 g / kg, the proportion of the calcium humate is reduced to 5%-8%.

[0012] Preferably, in the above step S3.1, after the shrub and grass vegetation is stably grown, drip irrigation is performed again every 40-50 days.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects: 1. The complex microbial agent is composed of low-temperature-resistant bacillus, actinomycete and yeast that are screened and domesticated at low temperature and can maintain metabolic activity in a low-temperature environment, the matured yak dung that is fully decomposed to inactivate pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds, and the calcium humate with high humic acid and high calcium content, and the proportion of the calcium humate is dynamically adjusted according to the initial organic matter content of the soil, so that the soil organic matter content and microbial activity can be targetedly improved, the soil basic fertility is improved, and the subsequent application of the water-retention modifier made of attapulgite and polyacrylamide forms a “water-retention-fertilizer-fixing” synergistic system with the residual calcium humate, and combined with secondary ploughing, the modifier can be uniformly mixed into the soil layer, so that the soil water-retention and fertilizer-retention capacities can be significantly improved, the drought and soil barrenness in the alpine region are relieved, the growth of the shrub and grass is limited, a suitable soil environment is provided for the shrub and grass vegetation, and survival and growth of the shrub and grass vegetation are ensured.

[0014] 2. The method alternately plants Potentilla fruticosa and Potentilla glabra shrubs, and sows mixed Elymus repens and Elymus sibiricus herbs in the regions between the shrub rows and under the photovoltaic panels, the “shrub-grass combination” mode can fully utilize the light and space resources in different regions, improve the regional vegetation coverage, and ensure water supply through phased precision drip irrigation, artificial weeding avoids weed competition, and green control means such as releasing ladybugs and spraying bacillus subtilis are adopted to reduce the damage of chemical agents to the fragile ecological environment in the alpine region, so that the shrub and grass vegetation is promoted to stably grow, and the regional ecological balance is maintained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The figure is a flowchart of the method of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Example 1 A method for recovering and reconstructing a shrub-grass combined vegetation in a photovoltaic power station in an alpine region, the method comprising the following steps: First, the soil in the photovoltaic power station region in the alpine region is improved. wherein the soil is improved by the following steps; The compound microbial agent prepared by mixing the low-temperature resistant bacillus, actinomycete and yeast in a mass ratio of 2:2:1 is mixed with the decomposed yak dung and calcium humate in a mass ratio of 1:10:2, and is uniformly applied to the surface of the soil in the area to be restored of the photovoltaic power station, with a use amount of 550-850 kg per mu, wherein the compound microbial agent accounts for 5%-8%, the decomposed yak dung accounts for 75%-85%, and the calcium humate accounts for 8%-12%, and the ratio can be adjusted according to the initial organic matter content of the soil; when the initial organic matter content is less than 10 g / kg, the proportion of calcium humate is increased to 12%-15%; when the initial organic matter content is greater than or equal to 15 g / kg, the proportion of calcium humate is reduced to 5%-8%; then the mechanical ploughing equipment is used to plough into the soil with a ploughing depth of 20-30 cm; the humic acid content of the calcium humate is greater than or equal to 70%, and the calcium element content is greater than or equal to 8%; the bacillus and actinomycete are both low-temperature domesticated and selected, and can maintain metabolic activity in an environment of-10℃; the decomposed yak dung has a decomposed period of not less than 6 months, and the pile temperature needs to be controlled at 55-65℃ during the decomposed process to ensure the inactivation of pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds; and when the compound microbial agent, decomposed yak dung and calcium humate are mixed, the calcium humate is first crushed to a particle size of less than or equal to 0.5 mm, and then is sequentially mixed with the compound microbial agent and decomposed yak dung, and the uniformity of the mixture is ensured to be greater than or equal to 90%; Then, 7-10 days after the ploughing is completed, the water-retaining modifier prepared by mixing the attapulgite and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 3:1 is uniformly applied to the surface of the soil, with a use amount of 300-500 kg per mu, and the mechanical ploughing equipment is used for secondary ploughing with a ploughing depth of 15-20 cm; and the water-retaining modifier and the residual calcium humate in the step S1.1 above can form a “water-retaining and fertilizer-fixing” synergistic system to improve the water and fertilizer capacity of the soil.

[0017] Secondly, the gold and silver dogwoods are selected to be alternately planted in the empty areas between the photovoltaic panels at a row spacing of 2 m and a plant spacing of 1.5 m, and the vertical bearded fescue and old wildrye are selected and mixed in a seed mass ratio of 1:1, and are sown in the row between the shrubs and under the photovoltaic panels by the strip sowing method, with a sowing amount of 15-20 kg per mu; Finally, the planted shrub-grass vegetation is maintained and managed, including that when there is no precipitation for seven consecutive days within one month after the shrub-grass vegetation is planted, drip irrigation is performed, with 20-30 m³ of water per mu, and then drip irrigation is performed every 20-30 days until the shrub-grass vegetation grows stably; after the shrub-grass vegetation grows stably, drip irrigation is performed again every 40-50 days; weeds are manually pulled out during the growth period of the shrub-grass vegetation; ladybugs are released to prevent aphids, and bacillus subtilis is sprayed to prevent leaf spot disease.

[0018] The embodiment is aimed at the special environment of a photovoltaic power station region in an alpine high-altitude area, and realizes vegetation restoration and ecological improvement of the power station region through multi-link cooperation; At the soil level, the modified composite microbial agent, matured yak dung and calcium humate are used first, the low-temperature resistant strains in the composite microbial agent can maintain metabolic activity at extreme temperatures, helping soil material conversion, the matured yak dung can supplement soil organic matter, and the calcium humate can adjust soil composition, and the proportion of the calcium humate is flexibly adjusted according to the initial organic matter content of the soil, so that the improvement effect is adapted to different soil conditions; the subsequently applied water-retaining modifier and residual calcium humate form a "water-retaining-fertilizer-fixing" synergistic system, which optimizes the soil water and fertilizer conditions from the aspects of water retention and fertilizer fixation, and builds a solid soil foundation for vegetation growth; At the vegetation selection and planting link, Potentilla fruticosa and Potentilla glabra are planted in the empty area between photovoltaic panels, and mixed seeds of Elymus nutans and Elymus sibiricus are sown in the shrub row and the area below the photovoltaic panel, so that shrubs and grasses are planted together, different space resources in the photovoltaic power station can be fully utilized, and a more stable vegetation community structure can be constructed, so that the growth risk that may be faced by single vegetation planting can be avoided; In the later maintenance and management, the water demand of vegetation at different growth stages is ensured through scientific drip irrigation, the resource competition between weeds and target vegetation is reduced through artificial weeding, the aphids are prevented through the release of ladybugs, and the leaf spot disease is prevented through the spraying of Bacillus subtilis, so that the ecological environment is protected, the diseases and pests are effectively prevented, the healthy growth of shrub and grass vegetation is continuously ensured, the vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the photovoltaic power station region are comprehensively promoted, and the sustainable development of the ecological protection and the power station region is considered.

[0019] The embodiments of the present application are disclosed, but are not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present application according to the above embodiments, and make different inferences and changes, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present application, they are within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for restoring and reconstructing grass and vegetation in a high-cold and high-altitude photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1, soil improvement, the soil of the photovoltaic power station area in the alpine high altitude area is improved; S2, shrub vegetation selection, choose the photovoltaic panel between the empty area of the shrub vegetation, and the shrub vegetation is alternately planted according to the row spacing of 2m and the plant spacing of 1.5m, and then the vertical beardless brome and old wildrye are selected, and the vertical beardless brome and the old wildrye are mixed according to the seed quality proportion of 1:1, and the vertical beardless brome and the old wildrye are sown in the strip sowing mode under the shrub row and below the photovoltaic panel, and the sowing amount of each mu is 15-20kg; S3, later maintenance management, the shrub vegetation is planted and maintained.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the above step S1, the soil is improved, which specifically comprises the following steps: S1.1, the compound microbial agent mixed by the low-temperature resistant bacillus, actinomycete and yeast in a mass ratio of 2:2:1 is mixed with the rotten yak dung and calcium humate in a mass ratio of 1:10:2, is uniformly applied to the surface of the soil in the photovoltaic power station area to be recovered, the application amount of each mu is 550-850kg, then the mechanical ploughing equipment is used for ploughing into the soil, the ploughing depth is 20-30cm, wherein the humic acid content of the calcium humate is greater than or equal to 70%, and the calcium element content is greater than or equal to 8%; S1.2, then 7-10 days after the ploughing is completed, the water-retaining modifier mixed by the attapulgite and polyacrylamide in a mass ratio of 3:1 is uniformly applied to the surface of the soil, the application amount of each mu is 300-500kg, the mechanical ploughing equipment is used for secondary ploughing, the ploughing depth is 15-20cm, and the water-retaining modifier and the calcium humate remaining in the above step S1.1 can form a "water-retaining-fertilizer fixing" synergistic system, so as to improve the water and fertilizer capacity of the soil.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the above step S3, the shrub vegetation is planted and maintained, which specifically comprises the following steps: S3.1, in the first month after the shrub vegetation is planted, when there is no precipitation for seven consecutive days, the drip irrigation mode is used, the drip irrigation water of each mu is 20-30m³, after one month, drip irrigation is carried out once every 20-30 days until the shrub vegetation grows stably; S3.2, the weeds are manually pulled out during the growth period of the shrub vegetation; S3.3, the ladybugs are released to prevent aphids, and the bacillus subtilis is sprayed to prevent leaf spot disease.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the above step S1.1, the bacillus and the actinomycete are both low-temperature domesticated and selected, and can maintain metabolic activity in the environment of-10℃.

5. The method according to claim 2, wherein, In the above step S1.1, when the compound microbial agent, the rotten yak dung and the calcium humate are mixed, the calcium humate is first crushed to a particle size of less than or equal to 0.5mm, then the compound microbial agent, the rotten yak dung and the calcium humate are sequentially mixed, and the uniformity of the mixture is ensured to be greater than or equal to 90%.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein, In the above step S1.1, the rotten yak dung has a rotting period of not less than 6 months, and the heap temperature needs to be controlled at 55-65℃ during the rotting process to ensure that the pathogenic bacteria and weed seeds are inactivated.

7. The method according to claim 2, wherein, In the step S1.1, the application amount is 550-850 kg per mu, the proportion of the compound microbial agent is 5%-8%, the proportion of the matured yak dung is 75%-85%, and the proportion of the calcium humate is 8%-12%, and the proportions can be adjusted according to the initial organic matter content of the soil, when the initial organic matter content is less than 10 g / kg, the proportion of the calcium humate is increased to 12%-15%, and when the initial organic matter content is greater than or equal to 15 g / kg, the proportion of the calcium humate is reduced to 5%-8%.

8. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the step S3.1, after the grass vegetation is stably grown, drip irrigation is performed again every 40-50 days.

Images