Cutter bending deformation testing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool bending deformation testing device, belongs to the technical field of machining detection, and is used for solving the problems that an existing tool bending deformation measuring method is low in efficiency and poor in synchronism. The device comprises a rotary driving module, a tool nose clamp module, a conductive detection module and a control module, the rotary driving module is provided with a tool handle insertion port and a first angle encoder, the tool nose clamp module is provided with a tool nose insertion port and a second angle encoder, and the bottom surface of the tool nose clamp module is provided with a conductive contact surface and is slidably mounted on an insulating guide rail; the conductive detection module comprises a pair of conductive electrodes laid below the insulated guide rail, and a conductive contact surface is in contact with the double electrodes in an initial state to form a closed-loop circuit; when the tool nose is bent to cause the clamp to break away from the insulated guide rail, the circuit is disconnected, and the control module synchronously records angle data of the two encoders and calculates a permanent deformation angle gamma = alpha + beta. The device realizes rapid and accurate measurement of bending deformation of the cutter through electromechanical combination, and is mainly used for quality detection and service life evaluation of the industrial cutter.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of mechanical processing detection, and particularly relates to a tool bending deformation testing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of mechanical processing, the bending deformation of a tool is one of the key factors affecting the processing precision and tool life. Currently, there are mainly two types of methods for measuring the bending deformation of a tool: contact measurement and non-contact measurement. These methods have several limitations in practical application.

[0003] Contact measurement usually uses a dial gauge or a displacement sensor to directly contact the tool surface for measurement. This method requires an operator to manually adjust the measurement position, and the measurement efficiency is low. Since the measurement process relies on manual operation, it is difficult to ensure the data synchronization between different measurement points. In addition, contact measurement has safety hazards in the detection of high-speed rotating tools, and it is difficult to achieve dynamic measurement. When it is necessary to measure the rotation angle and the bending angle of a tool at the same time, the traditional contact measurement device lacks an effective synchronization mechanism, resulting in a time difference in the measurement data.

[0004] Non-contact measurement mainly uses a laser displacement sensor or a vision detection system. Although this type of method avoids the risks of contact measurement, it has higher requirements for environmental conditions. The cooling liquid, chips and vibration commonly found in workshops can affect the measurement accuracy. The laser measurement system requires complex optical path calibration, and the maintenance cost is high. The vision detection system is limited by the image acquisition frequency and is difficult to capture the instantaneous deformation state of the tool during high-speed rotation. In addition, non-contact measurement equipment is usually large in size and is not convenient to integrate into existing production lines.

[0005] There are also some measurement methods based on strain gauges in the prior art. This type of method pastes strain gauges on the surface of the tool to detect deformation through resistance changes. However, the installation position and the pasting quality of the strain gauges can significantly affect the measurement results. During long-term use, the strain gauges are prone to falling off due to tool vibration and need to be replaced frequently. At the same time, the strain gauge signal is easily affected by electromagnetic interference, and its stability is insufficient in an industrial environment.

[0006] When measuring the permanent deformation angle of a tool, existing methods often need to measure the initial state and the deformed state respectively, and then calculate the deformation. This step-by-step measurement method not only takes time, but also increases the result error due to the possible change of the measurement reference. Especially in the case where the rotation angle and the bending angle need to be obtained at the same time, the existing device is difficult to achieve the synchronous acquisition of the two parameters.

[0007] The main reason for these problems is that the conventional measuring device lacks an effective triggering mechanism and a data synchronization scheme. When the tool is bent and deformed, the measuring system is difficult to capture the state change at this moment. In addition, the structural design of most measuring devices does not consider the convenience of tool clamping and the automation requirements of the measuring process, resulting in complex operation and low measuring efficiency.

[0008] When trying to solve these problems, researchers have encountered many difficulties. First, how to integrate angle measurement and deformation detection functions in limited space. Second, how to design a reliable triggering mechanism to ensure accurate measurement at the moment of tool deformation. Finally, the problem of data synchronization between different sensors needs to be solved, which puts higher requirements on the real-time performance and accuracy of the system. These technical difficulties limit the practicality and promotional value of existing measuring devices. SUMMARY

[0009] The present application provides a tool bending deformation testing device, which realizes rapid and accurate measurement of tool bending deformation through electromechanical combination, mainly used for quality detection and life evaluation of industrial tools. It solves the problem that the existing tool bending deformation measuring device is difficult to synchronously record the tool rotation angle and bending angle, resulting in out-of-sync measurement data and large error, and the traditional method measures step by step, which is low in efficiency and lacks a reliable triggering mechanism to capture the state change at the moment of deformation.

[0010] In order to achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present application, a tool bending deformation testing device is provided, comprising: A rotary drive module is provided with a tool handle insertion port for clamping the tool handle, the insertion direction of the tool handle insertion port is perpendicular to the rotation direction of the rotary drive module, a first angle encoder is arranged on the rotary drive module for measuring the rotation angle β of the tool handle; A tool tip clamp module is provided with a tool tip insertion port for clamping the tool tip, the tool tip insertion port is oppositely arranged with the tool handle insertion port and located on the same straight line, a second angle encoder is fixedly arranged on the surface of the tool tip clamp module for measuring the bending angle α of the tool tip, a conductive contact surface is arranged on the bottom surface of the tool tip clamp module, and the tool tip clamp module is slidingly arranged on an insulating guide rail; A conductive detection module includes a pair of conductive electrodes laid on the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail, in the initial state, the conductive contact surface of the tool tip clamp module is in contact with a pair of the conductive electrodes at the same time, and together with the external circuit forms a closed loop circuit; wherein the rotary drive module drives the tool handle to rotate, causing the tool tip to bend, when the tool tip clamp module is separated from the insulating guide rail, the closed loop circuit is disconnected; The control module is configured to record the angle data of the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder synchronously, and calculate the permanent deformation angle γ, γ=α+β, when the closed loop circuit is disconnected.

[0011] Preferably, the conductive contact surface of the tool tip clamp module is an elastic copper alloy slider, which is in pressure contact with a pair of conductive electrodes in the initial clamping state.

[0012] Preferably, the conductive electrode is a pair of parallel anti-oxidation copper alloy electrode strips, the length direction of which is consistent with the sliding direction of the insulated guide rail, and the conductive electrode is fixed in a first groove on the bottom surface of the insulated guide rail, the depth of the first groove being equal to the thickness of the conductive electrode, so that the upper surface of the conductive electrode is flush with the bottom surface of the insulated guide rail, wherein the conductive contact surface is in contact with both of the conductive electrodes, and the two conductive electrodes are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the external circuit.

[0013] Preferably, a V-shaped elastic chuck is arranged in the clamping cavity of the tool tip insertion port to clamp tool tips of different thicknesses, and the V-shaped elastic chuck adopts a multi-layer composite structure, comprising: an outer layer made of high-elastic stainless steel, the outer surface of the outer layer being in abutment with the inner wall of the clamping cavity; a middle layer of silicone rubber buffer pad for absorbing clamping vibration; an inner layer of lining sheet in direct contact with the tool tip, the outer surface of the inner layer being provided with sawtooth anti-slip lines; a self-locking structure is further provided, the self-locking structure comprising: a pair of micro electromagnets arranged in the middle part of the side wall of the V-shaped elastic chuck, the pair of micro electromagnets being connected in parallel and connected with the control module through wires to form a closed loop circuit, when the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the two micro electromagnets are energized, and the two side electromagnets are attracted to each other to increase the clamping force.

[0014] Preferably, the control module is configured to record the angle data of the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder synchronously when the closed loop circuit is disconnected, and the specific arrangement is that a sampling resistor is connected in series in the external circuit, a current detection chip is connected between the two ends of the sampling resistor, and the output end of the current detection chip is in communication connection with the control module, when the control module receives the trigger signal of the disconnection of the closed loop circuit, it sends a synchronous acquisition instruction to the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder, and sends an energizing instruction to the micro electromagnet, and the control module adopts a high-precision clock synchronization mechanism to acquire the angle data of the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder at the same time, so as to obtain the permanent deformation angle γ.

[0015] Preferably, the rotary drive module comprises: a quadrature rotary mechanism comprising: a fixed base mounted with a horizontal rotary shaft perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool through a bearing; a rotary support fixedly mounted on the horizontal rotary shaft; a tool holder clamping seat fixedly arranged on the rotary support, the tool holder insertion port axis of the tool holder clamping seat coincides with the longitudinal axis of the tool; a drive unit comprising: a servo motor connected to a drive gear through a harmonic reducer; a driven gear fixed on the horizontal rotary shaft and engaged with the drive gear, the gear ratio of the drive gear to the driven gear is 1:5; a first angle encoder fixedly arranged at the end of the horizontal rotary shaft; wherein the resolution of the first angle encoder is not less than 0.001°, and its signal output end is in communication connection with the control module.

[0016] Preferably, a replaceable modular elastic bushing is arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder insertion port, the elastic bushing comprises: a basic annular support fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the insertion hole, a T-shaped guide slot is arranged on the inner surface of the basic annular support, and a magnetic guide sheet is arranged in the T-shaped guide slot: a replaceable clamping block made of shape memory alloy, the inner surface of the replaceable clamping block forms an adaptive clamping cavity, the profile of the adaptive clamping cavity matches the shape of the tool holder through elastic deformation of the shape memory alloy, and returns to the original shape after the tool holder is removed, a T-shaped protrusion matched with the T-shaped guide slot is arranged at the bottom of the replaceable clamping block, and a permanent magnet is embedded in the T-shaped protrusion and attracted to the magnetic guide sheet in the T-shaped guide slot; a silica gel buffer layer covering the outer surface of the replaceable clamping block, and avoiding the T-shaped protrusion area.

[0017] Preferably, the shape memory alloy is nickel-titanium alloy, the phase transition temperature is 25-50℃, the Shore hardness of the silica gel buffer layer is 40A-60A, and the thickness is 1.5±0.2mm.

[0018] Preferably, the control module is further connected with a data storage unit and a display unit, the data storage unit is used to record the permanent deformation angle γ and the corresponding test time of each test, and the display unit is used to display the angle data α, β and γ in real time and provide a test completion prompt signal.

[0019] Preferably, recesses are arranged equidistantly on both sides of the insulated rail, each corresponding to the length of a tool, and when the tool tip clamp module slides to the test position, a stopper is inserted into the recess away from the tool, so that the tool tip clamp module cannot move away from the tool.

[0020] The present application at least includes the following benefits: First, through the double-encoder design of the rotary drive module and the tool tip clamp module, synchronous measurement of the rotation angle β and the bending angle α is achieved, solving the problem of data asynchronization in traditional methods. The closed-loop circuit triggering mechanism of the conductive detection module ensures accurate capture of instantaneous deformation data, improving measurement efficiency and accuracy. The elastic copper alloy slider has good conductivity and wear resistance, reducing contact resistance fluctuations and oxidation effects, ensuring stable circuit conduction and prolonging the service life of the device. The parallel arrangement of the anti-oxidation copper alloy electrode strip and the first groove fixation method enhances the stability of the electrode, avoids poor contact caused by vibration or pollution, and simplifies the installation and maintenance process. The cooperation of the recess and the stopper ensures accurate positioning of the tool tip clamp module, avoiding the influence of sliding deviation on the measurement results, improving the repeatability and reliability of the test.

[0021] Second, the multi-layer composite structure of the V-shaped elastic chuck is suitable for different thicknesses of tools, the sawtooth anti-slip pattern and the silicone rubber cushion improve the clamping stability, and the self-locking function of the miniature electromagnet further enhances the clamping force, avoiding tool loosening during measurement.

[0022] Third, the cooperation of the high-precision clock synchronization mechanism of the control module and the current detection chip ensures strict synchronization of encoder data at the moment of circuit disconnection, significantly improving the calculation accuracy of the permanent deformation angle γ.

[0023] Fourth, for the rotary drive module, the combination of harmonic reducer and servo motor provides high transmission accuracy and low return error, and the gear ratio of 1:5 optimizes torque transmission, making the measurement of rotation angle β more reliable. The modular elastic bushing matches different tool shank shapes through the adaptive deformation of shape memory alloy, and the T-shaped guide sliding groove and permanent magnet design simplifies the replacement process, improves the versatility and clamping efficiency of the device. The phase change temperature range of nickel-titanium alloy (25-50℃) ensures the stability of clamping force at room temperature, and the hardness optimization (40A-60A) of the silicone buffer layer ensures the buffering effect and avoids excessive deformation.

[0024] Fifth, the data storage unit and the display unit realize real-time recording and visualization of measurement data, which is convenient for subsequent analysis and process optimization, and improves the practicality and user experience of the device.

[0025] Additional advantages, objects, and features of the application will be apparent from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of the bending deformation testing device for the tool of the present application; Figure 2 It is a side view schematic diagram of the tool tip clamp module in the present application; Figure 3 It is a side view schematic diagram of the V-shaped elastic chuck not inserted into the tool tip in the tool tip clamp module of the present application; Figure 4 It is a side view schematic diagram of the V-shaped elastic chuck inserted into the tool tip in the tool tip clamp module of the present application; Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of the rotary drive module in the present application; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the base annular support in the rotary drive module of the present application; Figure 7 It is a relationship schematic diagram of the control module in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description and drawings.

[0028] It should be understood that the terms such as "have", "contain" and "include" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0029] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "arrange" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, arranged, or detachably connected, arranged, or integrally connected, arranged. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0030] AsFigures 1-7 As shown, the present application provides a tool bending deformation testing device, comprising: a rotary driving module 1, provided with a tool shank insertion port 1140 for clamping a tool shank 920, the insertion direction of the tool shank insertion port 1140 being perpendicular to the rotation direction of the rotary driving module 1, a first angle encoder 3 being arranged on the rotary driving module 1 for measuring the rotation angle β of the tool shank 920; a tool tip clamp module 2, provided with a tool shank insertion port 210 for clamping a tool tip 910, the tool shank insertion port 210 being oppositely arranged with the tool shank insertion port 1140 and located on the same line, a second angle encoder 6 being fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the tool tip clamp module 2 for measuring the bending angle α of the tool tip 910, a conductive contact surface 220 being arranged on the bottom surface of the tool tip clamp module 2, the tool tip clamp module 2 being slidingly arranged on an insulating guide rail 4; a conductive detection module, comprising a pair of conductive electrodes 5 laid below the insulating guide rail 4, in the initial state, the conductive contact surface 220 of the tool tip clamp module 2 is in contact with the pair of conductive electrodes 5 at the same time, and together with the external circuit forms a closed loop circuit; wherein the rotary driving module 1 drives the tool shank 920 to rotate, causing the tool tip 910 to bend, when the tool tip clamp module 2 is separated from the insulating guide rail 4, the closed loop circuit is disconnected; a control module, when the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the control module is used for synchronously recording the angle data of the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6, calculating the permanent deformation angle γ, γ=α+β. Wherein the conductive contact surface 220 of the tool tip clamp module 2 is an elastic copper alloy slider, which is in pressure contact with the pair of conductive electrodes 5 in the initial clamping state.

[0031] In the above embodiment, by setting the rotary drive module 1 and the tool tip clamp module 2, cooperating with the double-angle encoders, that is, the first angle encoder 3 measures the rotation angle β, and the second angle encoder 6 measures the bending angle α, the synchronous high-precision measurement of the tool 9 rotation and bending deformation is realized. The conductive contact surface 220 adopts an elastic copper alloy slider, which has both conductivity and wear resistance. The conductive electrode 5 can adopt anti-oxidation copper. The parallel arrangement of the conductive electrode 5 reduces the contact resistance fluctuation. The stable contact between the conductive contact surface 220 and the conductive electrode 5 ensures the reliability of the circuit on-off triggering, thereby accurately capturing the state at the deformation moment and reducing human error. The conductive contact surface 220 is in contact with a pair of conductive electrodes 5 at the same time, and together with the external circuit forms a closed loop circuit. The automatic on-off design of the closed loop circuit replaces the traditional manual triggering or step-by-step measurement method. When the tool tip 910 bends and causes the tool tip clamp module 2 to separate from the insulated guide rail 4, the circuit is automatically triggered to control the module to record data synchronously without manual intervention, significantly improving the test efficiency, especially for batch tool 9 detection. The tool tip clamp module 2 is slidably arranged on the insulated guide rail 4. By sliding the tool tip clamp module 2, the distance between the tool tip clamp module 2 and the rotary drive module 1 can be adjusted to accommodate the entire tool 9, allowing the tool 9 to be placed horizontally. First, the tool handle 920 is inserted into the tool handle insertion port 1140. Then, by sliding the tool tip clamp module 2, the tool tip 910 is conveniently inserted into the tool handle insertion port 210. At this time, the position of the tool tip clamp module 2 is the test position of the tool 9. In addition, the tool tip clamp module 2 slidably arranged on the insulated guide rail 4 can also test tools 9 of different lengths.

[0032] In specific implementation, the rotary drive module 1 realizes low-speed high-torque rotation. The rotary drive module 1 slowly rotates to drive the entire tool 9 to rotate. The first angle encoder 3 measures the rotation angle β of the tool handle 920 in real time. Since the tool tip 910 is inserted into the tool handle insertion port 1140, under the action of the gravity of the tool tip clamp module 2, the tool tip 910 is slowly bent. The tool tip clamp module 2 rotates with the bending of the tool 9 but does not completely leave the insulated guide rail 4. The second angle encoder 6 measures the bending angle α of the tool tip 910 in real time. The rotary drive module 1 continues to rotate until the tool tip clamp module 2 completely separates from the insulated guide rail 4, so that the conductive contact surface 220 leaves the conductive electrode 5, thereby causing the closed loop circuit to be disconnected. When the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the control module synchronously acquires the angle data measured by the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6, thereby calculating the permanent deformation angle γ, γ=α+β. After the test is completed, the rotary drive module 1 no longer applies force to the tool handle 920, so that the rotary drive module 1 reverses rotation.

[0033] The tool tip clamp module 2 is slidingly arranged on the insulating guide rail 4, the conductive contact surface 220 is arranged on the bottom surface of the tool clamp module 9, the width of the conductive contact surface 220 can be consistent with the width of the insulating guide rail 4, or slightly smaller than the width of the insulating guide rail 4, and the length of the conductive contact surface 220 can be the same as the length of the bottom surface of the tool tip clamp module 2. For example, the conductive contact surface 220 can be made of beryllium copper alloy slider with a thickness of 4-5 mm, and the content of beryllium can be controlled at 1.8-2.0%. The insulating guide rail 4 can be made of ceramic coated aluminum alloy profile, and for example, the length can be set to 300 mm. A pair of conductive electrodes 5 are arranged in parallel in the first groove 410 on the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail 4, but the upper surface of the electrode is flush with the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail 4, and cannot affect the sliding of the tool tip clamp module 2, and the distance between the two conductive electrodes 5 cannot be too close, for example, the distance can be set to 3-6 cm, and the conductive electrode 5 can be made of an oxidation-resistant copper alloy strip with a thickness of 0.5 mm and a width of 5 mm. When the conductive contact surface 220 contacts the two conductive electrodes 5 at the same time, the closed loop circuit can be turned on. The power supply voltage of the closed loop circuit can be set to 5V DC, and the sampling resistance can be selected to be 10 ohms. The working process of the module is: in the initial state, the conductive contact surface 220 simultaneously contacts the two conductive electrodes 5 to form a loop, and when the tool tip 910 bends to cause the conductive contact surface 220 to separate, the circuit is disconnected.

[0034] The control module can be selected from an industrial-grade PLC controller, and the clock synchronization accuracy can reach 1 microsecond. The data acquisition period can be set to 1 millisecond. The working process of the control module is: after detecting the closed loop circuit disconnection signal, immediately read the angle values of the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6, and calculate the permanent deformation angle. The technical effect is to realize accurate synchronous measurement of the bending deformation of the tool 9, and the measurement error is controlled within 0.01 degrees.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the conductive electrode 5 is two parallel oxidation-resistant copper alloy electrode strips, the length direction is consistent with the sliding direction of the insulating guide rail 4, the conductive electrode 5 is fixed in the first groove 410 on the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail 4, the depth of the first groove 410 is equal to the thickness of the conductive electrode 5, so that the upper surface of the conductive electrode 5 is flush with the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail 4, wherein the conductive contact surface 220 contacts the two conductive electrodes 5, and the two conductive electrodes 5 are respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the external circuit.

[0036] In the above embodiment, the conductive electrode 5 is made of an oxidation-resistant copper alloy. The material of the conductive electrode 5 is resistant to corrosion and is not easily oxidized during long-term use, ensuring stable conductive performance and improving stability and reliability. The conductive electrode 5 is fixed in the first groove 410 on the bottom surface of the insulated rail 4 by a groove embedding method. The thickness of the conductive electrode 5 is consistent with the depth of the first groove 410, and the upper surface is flush with the bottom surface of the rail to avoid protruding wear or foreign matter from being stuck, thereby reducing the risk of poor contact. The two conductive electrodes 5 are arranged in parallel and consistent with the sliding direction, ensuring that the conductive contact surface 220 always synchronously contacts the two conductive electrodes 5, thereby avoiding current discontinuity caused by unilateral contact. The conductive electrode 5 has no height difference with the bottom surface of the insulated rail 4, and the contact surface pressure is uniform, thereby reducing the contact resistance. The conductive electrode 5 is pre-embedded in the first groove 410, and no additional alignment is required during installation, thereby simplifying the assembly process. If the electrode is damaged, it can be directly replaced from the first groove 410 without the need to disassemble the entire rail system, thereby facilitating replacement. The first groove 410 structure can also prevent accidental short circuit of the conductive electrode 5. The two conductive electrodes 5 are connected to the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, thereby avoiding the risk of reverse circuit caused by misconnection.

[0037] In a specific arrangement, the length of the conductive electrode 5 can be 20-30 mm shorter than that of the insulated rail 4, and the end can be reserved with a 5 mm wide terminal 11. The surface of the conductive electrode 5 can be polished, and the surface roughness can be controlled to be below Ra0.8. The material of the conductive electrode 5 can be C5191 phosphor bronze, which has good elasticity and oxidation resistance. The bottom of the insulated rail 4 can be processed with a rectangular groove with a depth of 0.5 mm, and the width can be 0.1-0.2 mm wider than that of the conductive electrode 5. The first groove 410 can be arranged along the entire length of the rail, and limiting blocks can be arranged at both ends. The conductive electrode 5 can be fixed in the first groove 410 by conductive adhesive, or a pressing strip can be used for fixation. The material of the insulated rail 4 can be alumina ceramic or glass fiber reinforced nylon.

[0038] The external circuit connection can use a connector with a pitch of 2.54 mm, which is welded on the terminal 11 at the end of the conductive electrode 5 away from the cutter 9. The working voltage of the circuit can be set to 5V DC, and the sampling resistance can be a 50 ohm 1% precision metal film resistor. The wires can be arranged along the side surface of the insulated rail 4 and fixed by a tie. During operation, when the conductive contact surface 220 simultaneously contacts the two conductive electrodes 5, the circuit conduction current can be maintained within the range of 80-90 mA. The technical effect is to ensure reliable contact of the conductive electrode 5, reduce contact resistance fluctuation, and improve detection sensitivity.

[0039] In one specific embodiment, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a V-shaped elastic chuck 7 is arranged in the clamping cavity of the tool shank insertion port 210 to clamp tool tips 910 of different thicknesses. The V-shaped elastic chuck 7 adopts a multi-layer composite structure, which includes: an outer layer made of high-elastic stainless steel, the outer surface of the outer layer abutting against the inner wall of the clamping cavity; a middle layer of a silicon rubber buffer pad for absorbing clamping vibration; an inner layer of a lining directly contacting the tool tip 910, the outer surface of the inner layer being provided with a sawtooth anti-skid pattern; a self-locking structure is further arranged, which includes: a pair of micro electromagnets 8 arranged in the middle of the side wall of the V-shaped elastic chuck 7, the pair of micro electromagnets 8 being connected in parallel and connected with the control module through wires to form a power supply loop, when the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the two micro electromagnets 8 are powered on, and the two side electromagnets are attracted to each other to enhance the clamping force.

[0040] In the above embodiment, the multi-layer composite structure of the V-shaped elastic chuck 7 can adaptively clamp tool tips 910 of different thicknesses through the synergistic effect of the high-elastic stainless steel outer layer, the silicon rubber buffer middle layer and the damage-preventing inner layer lining. The sawtooth pattern of the outer layer provides strong friction to prevent sliding, the middle silicon rubber layer can effectively absorb the vibration generated when the tool tip 910 is bent, and the inner layer lining avoids direct metal contact to damage the surface of the tool 9. The specially equipped electromagnetic self-locking system is automatically triggered when the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the two micro electromagnets 8 are attracted to each other instantaneously, the clamping force is greatly improved, and accidental loosening during testing is effectively prevented. This composite design overall realizes multiple improvements in clamping stability, tool 9 protection and operation safety.

[0041] Specifically, the opening angle of the V-shaped elastic chuck 7 is 60°±5°, and when clamping the tool tip 910, the maximum deformation of the V-shaped opening is ≤3mm, so as to ensure that within the elastic range, the clamping range can adapt to the thickness of the tool tip 910 of 2-5mm. The outer layer of the V-shaped elastic chuck 7 adopts austenitic stainless steel 304 or 301FH (high hardness type) which is cold-rolled and hardened, with yield strength ≥800MPa, elastic modulus 193GPa, and elongation at break ≥40%, the elastic deformation of the V-shaped opening is controlled within 80% of the material elastic limit, that is, after the maximum deformation, it can completely restore the original shape. The silicon rubber buffer pad of the middle layer can be made of material with hardness 50A, and the thickness can be set to 2-3mm. The inner layer lining can be made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the thickness can be controlled to 0.5-1.0mm, and the sawtooth anti-skid pattern on the inner surface can be designed to be 0.3mm deep and 1mm apart. The V-shaped elastic chuck 7 can be installed in the clamping cavity of the tool shank insertion port 210 and fixed by bolts.

[0042] The self-locking micro electromagnet 8 can be a flat electromagnet with a thickness of 3-5 mm and a diameter of 4-5 mm, and the working voltage can be set to 12 V DC. The flat electromagnet can be symmetrically installed at the middle position of the two side walls of the chuck, and the micro electromagnet 8 adopts a flat design, with a single-side static suction force of 8 N ± 0.5 N. Under the condition of 12 V DC, a transient peak value of 30%-40% can be generated within 0.1 s of the initial power-on instant, i.e. 10.4 N~11.2 N. When the double-sided electromagnet works cooperatively, the combined clamping force can reach 20 N~30 N, which is sufficient to prevent the blade tip 910 from sliding during the test. The power-on response time is <50 ms. The wire can be made of 0.3 mm² high-temperature-resistant silicone wire, which is arranged along the outside of the V-shaped elastic chuck 7, and the wire is connected to the control module. After the test is completed, the micro electromagnet 8 is disconnected, and the V-shaped elastic chuck 7 returns to its original position.

[0043] When the blade tip 910 is inserted into the V-shaped elastic chuck 7, the V-shaped structure automatically adapts to different thicknesses, and the sawtooth pattern provides an initial clamping force. When the closed-loop circuit is disconnected, the micro electromagnet 8 is immediately powered on to generate an opposite suction force, further enhancing the clamping stability. The technical effect is to achieve reliable clamping of different thicknesses of the tool 9, avoid displacement errors during measurement, and protect the surface of the tool 9 from damage.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, when the closed-loop circuit is disconnected, the control module is configured to simultaneously record the angle data of the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6. The specific setting mode is as follows: a sampling resistor is connected in series in the external circuit; a current detection chip is connected between the two ends of the sampling resistor, with the input end connected to the two ends of the sampling resistor and the output end in communication connection with the control module; when the control module receives the trigger signal of the disconnection of the closed-loop circuit, it sends a synchronous acquisition instruction to the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6, and sends a power-on instruction to the micro electromagnet 8. The control module uses a high-precision clock synchronization mechanism to collect the angle data of the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6 at the same time, thereby obtaining the permanent deformation angle γ.

[0045] In the above embodiment, the circuit state is monitored in real time by connecting a sampling resistor and a current detection chip. When a disconnection signal is detected, the control module triggers a triple synchronous response: first, it sends a synchronous acquisition instruction to the two angle encoders, second, it activates the micro electromagnet 8 locking mechanism, and third, it accurately records the angle data of the two angle encoders at this moment based on the high-precision clock synchronization technology (time deviation <1 μs), which can calculate the permanent deformation angle γ. This design not only prevents mechanical failure caused by power failure, i.e. the blade tip 910 falling off the blade tip clamp module 2, but also eliminates the angle error of traditional time-sharing detection by synchronous acquisition, which can greatly improve the measurement accuracy of the deformation angle.

[0046] In a specific implementation, the sampling resistor in the external circuit can be 50 ohms, and the current detection chip can be a Hall effect sensor with an accuracy of 0.5%. The detection current threshold can be set to 0.1-0.5 mA, and the circuit is determined to be disconnected when the current is below the threshold. The sampling resistor can be soldered in the lead loop of the conductive electrode 5, and the current detection chip can be installed at the input end of the control module. The signal transmission delay can be controlled within 1 ms to ensure fast response to changes in circuit state.

[0047] In a specific implementation, the first angle encoder 3 can be an absolute optical encoder, for example, a Heidenhain RON 786C with a resolution of 23 bits and an EnDat 2.2 bidirectional digital interface, which can match the high-precision transmission of the servo motor 121 and harmonic reducer 122 in the rotary drive module 1. The second angle encoder 6 can be a Renishaw RESOLUTE™ absolute optical grating with a resolution of 0.001° and a sampling frequency of 1 kHz, connected to the control module through an RS422 interface. The tool tip 910 bending angle a requires high dynamic response, and the grating encoder has no mechanical contact wear and can capture small deformations with nanometer-level resolution, making it suitable for vibration environments. The control module can be configured with a dual-channel synchronous acquisition function, which completes data reading of both angle encoders within 10 ms after receiving the disconnection signal. The two angle encoder interfaces can use RS422 differential signal transmission, which has strong anti-interference ability. The data acquisition period can be set to 1 ms to ensure real-time angle changes.

[0048] Specifically, the control module uses a combination of hardware interrupt triggering and IEEE 1588 clock synchronization to achieve synchronous acquisition of angle data. Specifically, the current detection chip generates a hardware interrupt signal when the closed-loop circuit is disconnected, and the FPGA programmable logic unit receives the interrupt and triggers the first angle encoder 3 and the second angle encoder 6 to freeze the current angle value at the same time through a synchronization pulse (SYNC). The control module has a built-in IEEE 1588 precision clock protocol, ensuring that the time reference deviation of the two encoders is less than 100 ns. The data acquisition delay is controlled within 10 μs, and the angle calculation error is not more than 0.001°.

[0049] The micro electromagnetic 8 control can set a pre-power-on time of 20 ms to prepare in advance before the closed-loop circuit disconnection signal arrives. The power-on duration can be set to 500 ms to ensure stable clamping. The control signal can be modulated using PWM, and the duty cycle can be adjusted within the range of 30-70%. The micro electromagnetic 8 drive circuit can use MOSFET switches, and the response time can be controlled within 1 ms. The technical effect is to achieve high-precision angle synchronous acquisition and reliable clamping control, ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of measurement data.

[0050] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 5 The rotating drive module 1 comprises: A rotating mechanism 110, comprising: A fixed base 111, which is mounted with a horizontal rotating shaft 112 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool 9 through a bearing; A rotating bracket 113, which is fixedly installed on the horizontal rotating shaft 112; A tool holder clamping seat 114, which is fixedly arranged on the rotating bracket 113, and the tool holder insertion port axis of the tool holder clamping seat 114 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the tool 9; A drive unit 120, comprising: A servo motor 121, which is connected to a drive gear 124 through a harmonic reducer 122; A driven gear 123, which is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft 112 and engages with the drive gear 124, and the gear ratio of the drive gear 124 to the driven gear 123 is 1:5; A first angle encoder 3, which is fixedly arranged at the end of the horizontal rotating shaft 112; Wherein, the resolution of the first angle encoder 3 is not less than 0.001°, and its signal output end is in communication connection with the control module.

[0051] In the above embodiment, the rotary drive module 1 realizes stable driving and accurate angle measurement in the bending deformation test of the tool 9 through the cooperative design of the rotary mechanism 110 and the high-precision transmission system of the driving unit 120. The core advantage is that the fixed base 111 supports the horizontal rotating shaft 112 through a high-rigidity bearing, ensuring that the perpendicularity error between the horizontal rotating shaft 112 and the longitudinal axis of the tool 9 is less than 0.005 mm, thereby eliminating the measurement deviation caused by eccentric moment from the root; the integrated design of the rotary bracket 113 and the tool shank clamping seat 114 makes the tool shank insertion hole axis strictly coincide with the theoretical axis of the tool 9, and the coaxiality of clamping reaches the level of 0.01 mm, thereby establishing an accurate reference for subsequent angle measurement; the driving unit 120 adopts a servo motor 121 cooperating with a harmonic reducer 122 to form a closed-loop control system, and cooperates with a gear reduction ratio of 1:5 to amplify the output torque to 50 Nm while controlling the return gap to be within 0.001°, thereby meeting the test requirements of low speed and large torque, and the rotation speed can be stabilized in the range of 0.5-5 rpm, and the backlash error of the traditional worm gear transmission is avoided; the first angle encoder 3 is directly installed at the end of the horizontal rotating shaft 112, and a 23-bit absolute photoelectric encoder is used to capture the small angle change of 0.001° in real time, and the EnDat digital interface transmits data to the control module at a sampling rate of 1 MHz, and cooperates with the IEEE1588 clock protocol to make the measurement delay of the angle data β less than 1 μs, thereby ensuring that the calculation error of the permanent deformation angle γ does not exceed 0.002° when the data is synchronized with the second angle encoder 6. The rotary drive module 1 significantly improves the efficiency and reliability of the bending deformation test of the tool 9.

[0052] In a specific implementation, the fixed base 111 of the rotary mechanism 110 can be made of HT250 cast iron, and the horizontal rotating shaft 112 can be made of GCr15 bearing steel with a diameter of 20-25 mm. The rotary bracket 113 can be made of aluminum alloy 6061 with a thickness of 10-15 mm. The bearing can be an angular contact ball bearing with a precision grade of P4. The bottom of the fixed base 111 can be provided with four M8 mounting holes for fixing on the workbench. In a specific implementation, a through second groove 1110 is arranged on the upper surface of the fixed base 111, through holes are arranged on the two side walls of the second groove 1110, a bearing is arranged in each through hole, the horizontal rotating shaft 112 is arranged between the two bearings, the rotary bracket 113 is fixedly sleeved on the horizontal rotating shaft 112 between the two bearings, and the tool shank clamping seat 114 is further fixed on the rotary bracket 113.

[0053] The servo motor 121 of the driving unit 120 can be selected as a 400W AC servo motor 121, the rated rotating speed can be set as 3000rpm, and the output torque can reach 50Nm. The driving gear 124 can be selected as 20CrMnTi material, and the number of teeth can be set as 20. The driven gear 123 has the same material, and the number of teeth can be set as 100, and the gear pair side clearance can be controlled within the range of 0.05-0.08mm. The servo motor 121 can be installed on the side of the fixed base 111, connected with the reducer 122 through the shaft coupling, and the reducer 122 is set as 1:50 reduction ratio.

[0054] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 6 The inner wall of the insert hole is provided with a replaceable modular elastic bushing, which includes: A basic annular support 10 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the insert hole, and a T-shaped guide slot 101 is arranged on the inner surface of the basic annular support 10. A magnetic guide sheet is arranged in the T-shaped guide slot 101. A replaceable clamping block made of shape memory alloy, the inner surface of the replaceable clamping block forms a self-adaptive clamping cavity, the profile of the self-adaptive clamping cavity matches the shape of the tool shank 920 through the elastic deformation of the shape memory alloy, and returns to the original shape after the tool shank 920 is removed. A T-shaped protrusion matched with the T-shaped guide slot 101 is arranged at the bottom of the replaceable clamping block, and a permanent magnet is embedded in the T-shaped protrusion, which is attracted to the magnetic guide sheet in the T-shaped guide slot 101. A silica gel buffer layer is wrapped on the outer surface of the replaceable clamping block, and the T-shaped protrusion area is avoided.

[0055] The shape memory alloy is nickel-titanium alloy, the phase transition temperature is 25-50℃, the Shore hardness of the silica gel buffer layer is 40A-60A, and the thickness is 1.5±0.2mm.

[0056] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the design of the modular elastic bushing has multiple benefits: first, the replaceable clamping block made of shape memory alloy can adapt to different tool shanks 920, elastically deform to tightly fit the surface of the tool shank 920 under pressure, and automatically recover to the original shape after the tool shank 920 is removed, significantly improving the universality and reusability of clamping; second, the cooperation of the T-shaped guide slot 101, permanent magnet and magnetic sheet simplifies the replacement process of the replaceable clamping block, and the magnetic attraction fixing method ensures stability and avoids the inconvenience of disassembly caused by threaded connection; third, the outer surface of the clamping block is covered with a silica gel buffer layer to absorb the deformation stress of the shape memory alloy, the silica gel buffer layer avoids hard contact between the shape memory alloy and the base annular support 10, prolongs the service life, and optimizes the balance between the buffering effect and the structural strength with a Shore hardness of 40A-60A and a thickness of 1.5mm±0.2mm; in addition, the modular design allows quick replacement of the clamping block for different specifications of the tool 9, improving the flexibility and work efficiency of the equipment. Overall, the structure realizes the comprehensive optimization of high-precision clamping, convenient maintenance and tool 9 protection, and is especially suitable for batch testing scenarios.

[0057] In a specific implementation, the base annular support 10 can be made of 45 steel material, and the base annular support 10 is heated to 120°C and then hot-mounted with an interference of 0.02-0.03 mm, and after cooling, a tight fit is formed. Two M3 threaded holes can be machined on the end face of the base annular support 10 for mounting positioning pins. The T-shaped guide sliding groove 101 can be arranged on the lower support of the base annular support 10, and one or two T-shaped guide sliding grooves 101 can be arranged, and the T-shaped guide sliding groove 101 can be machined to a size of 6 mm in width and 4 mm in depth, and the magnetic conductive sheet can be made of 1 mm thick pure iron, and is fixed on the bottom of the sliding groove by gluing. The replaceable clamping block is made of nickel-titanium (NiTi) memory alloy, which has super-elasticity and shape memory effect, is soft and deformable at room temperature (20-25°C), can easily adjust the clamping angle, and automatically rebounds to maintain stable clamping force. When the temperature rises above 40°C, the replaceable clamping block automatically recovers to the preset shape, facilitating repeated use. The thickness of the replaceable clamping block can be designed to be 3-5 mm, and the inner surface of the replaceable clamping block is machined to a gradually changing curvature profile, which can adapt to different diameters, such as Φ6~Φ20mm tool shank 920. The T-shaped protrusion can be designed to have a width of 5.8 mm and a height of 3.8 mm, and a 0.1-0.2 mm gap is maintained with the T-shaped guide sliding groove 101. The permanent magnet can be made of N35 neodymium-iron-boron material, and the size can be designed to be 4×4×2 mm, and is fixed inside the T-shaped protrusion by epoxy resin glue. The replaceable clamping block can maintain the preset shape at room temperature, and after being deformed under pressure, it can recover to the original state by heating to 40°C. The silicone buffer layer can be made of silicone rubber with a Shore hardness of 50A, which is molded to cover the outer surface of the replaceable clamping block, and the thickness can be controlled within the range of 1.2-1.8 mm. The silicone buffer layer can be reserved with a 1 mm deep air slot in the T-shaped protrusion area to avoid affecting sliding. The bonding strength between silicone and metal can reach more than 3 MPa, and it is not easy to fall off for long-term use. During operation, when the tool shank 920 is inserted, the replaceable clamping block automatically adapts to different shapes, and the buffer layer absorbs the deformation stress of the shape memory alloy. The technical effect is to realize stable clamping of different shaped tool shanks 920. Through the precise cooperation of the T-shaped guide sliding groove 101 and the T-shaped protrusion, the replaceable clamping block can be quickly positioned under the magnetic attraction force, and the elastic deformation characteristics of the shape memory alloy ensure full contact of the tool shank 920 clamping surface.

[0058] In one of the specific embodiments, the control module is further connected with a data storage unit and a display unit, the data storage unit is used to record the permanent deformation angle γ and the corresponding test time of each test, and the display unit is used to display the angle data α, β and γ in real time and provide a test completion prompt signal.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the data storage unit can be selected as an industrial-grade SD card storage module, and the storage capacity can be configured as 8-32 GB. The data recording format can adopt a CSV file, and each record can contain a timestamp, angle data a, b, and g, and the timestamp accuracy can reach 1 ms. The storage interval can be set to automatically save after each test is completed, or it can be set to real-time storage, and the sampling frequency can be adjusted within the range of 1-10 Hz. The display unit can be selected as a 7-inch TFT liquid crystal screen, and the resolution can be set to 800x480 pixels. The screen can display the current measured a, b, and g angle values in real time, and the numerical refresh rate can be set to 10 Hz. The test completion prompt signal can be realized through a buzzer and an LED indicator. The buzzer can be selected as a 3-5V direct-current active type, and the sound frequency can be set to 2kHz, and the duration can be controlled within 0.5-1 second. The LED indicator can adopt a three-color type, green for standby state, yellow for testing, and red for test completion. The trigger threshold of the prompt signal can be set to the g angle value stable time exceeding 3 seconds, or manual confirmation by the operator. The technical effect is to provide complete data recording and visualization functions, making the test process and results more intuitive and reliable.

[0060] In one specific embodiment, recesses are arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the insulated guide rail 4, each recess corresponding to the length of a tool 9. When the tool tip clamp module 2 slides to the test position, the stop block is inserted into the recess away from the tool 9, so that the tool tip clamp module 2 cannot move away from the tool 9.

[0061] In the above embodiment, equidistant recesses with a spacing of 50 mm can be machined on both sides of the insulated guide rail 4, the recess diameter can be designed as 6 mm, and the depth can be controlled within 3 mm. The recess can be semicircular, and the edge can be chamfered by 0.2 mm to avoid stress concentration. The recess position can be set according to the commonly used tool 9 length, such as 150 mm, 200 mm, and 250 mm three standard positions. The insulated guide rail 4 can be installed on the upper surface of the test platform and fixed by 4 M6 bolts, with a flatness error controlled within 0.05 mm / m.

[0062] The stop block can be selected from 45 steel material, and the hardness can be processed to HRC40-45. The stop block contact surface can be designed as a circular arc with a radius of 5 mm, which is matched with the recess. The stop block height can be designed as 15 mm, and the width can be set as 10 mm, which is fixed on the side surface of the insulated guide rail 4 by M5 screws. When the tool tip 910 clamp slides to the test position, the stop block can be quickly clamped into the corresponding recess, and the position accuracy can be maintained within ±0.1 mm.

[0063] During operation, the operator selects the corresponding recess position according to the length of the tool 9, and pushes the stop block into locking. After the tool tip clamp module 2 is moved to the position, the cooperation between the stop block and the recess can prevent the accidental displacement of the clamp during the test process. The technical effect is to ensure the accurate positioning of the test position, avoid the measurement error caused by the sliding of the clamp, and improve the repeatability and reliability of the test results.

[0064] The number of devices and the scale of the processes described herein are used to simplify the description of the present application. Applications, modifications and variations of the present application that are obvious to those skilled in the art are apparent.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present application have been disclosed as above, it is not limited only to the applications listed in the specification and the embodiments, and can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present application, and additional modifications can be easily made by those skilled in the art, and therefore the present application is not limited to specific details and the figures shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A tool bending deformation testing apparatus characterized by, The application relates to a rotating driving module, a tool tip clamp module, a conductive detection module and a control module. The rotating driving module is provided with a tool handle insertion port for clamping a tool handle, the insertion direction of the tool handle insertion port is perpendicular to the rotating direction of the rotating driving module, a first angle encoder is arranged on the rotating driving module for measuring the rotating angle beta of the tool handle; The tool tip clamp module is provided with a tool tip insertion port for clamping a tool tip, the tool tip insertion port is oppositely arranged with the tool handle insertion port and located on the same straight line, a second angle encoder is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the tool tip clamp module for measuring the bending angle alpha of the tool tip, a conductive contact surface is arranged on the bottom surface of the tool tip clamp module, and the tool tip clamp module is slidingly arranged on an insulating guide rail; The conductive detection module comprises a pair of conductive electrodes laid on the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail, in an initial state, the conductive contact surface of the tool tip clamp module is in contact with the pair of conductive electrodes at the same time, and the conductive contact surface and an external circuit jointly form a closed loop circuit; wherein the rotating driving module drives the tool handle to rotate and promotes the tool tip to bend, when the tool tip clamp module is separated from the insulating guide rail, the closed loop circuit is disconnected; The control module is used for synchronously recording the angle data of the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder and calculating a permanent deformation angle gamma, gamma=alpha+beta, when the closed loop circuit is disconnected.

2. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The conductive contact surface of the tool tip clamp module is an elastic copper alloy sliding block, and the conductive contact surface is in pressure contact with the pair of conductive electrodes in the initial clamping state.

3. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 2 wherein, The conductive electrodes are two parallel arranged oxidation-resistant copper alloy electrode strips, the length direction of the conductive electrodes is consistent with the sliding direction of the insulating guide rail, the conductive electrodes are fixed in first grooves on the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail, the depth of the first grooves is equal to the thickness of the conductive electrodes, so that the upper surfaces of the conductive electrodes are flush with the bottom surface of the insulating guide rail, wherein the conductive contact surface is in contact with the two conductive electrodes, and the two conductive electrodes are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external circuit.

4. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, A V-shaped elastic chuck is arranged in the clamping cavity of the tool tip insertion port to clamp tool tips with different thicknesses, the V-shaped elastic chuck adopts a multilayer composite structure, which comprises: An outer layer made of high-elastic stainless steel, the outer surface of the outer layer is in abutment with the inner wall of the clamping cavity; A middle layer which is a silicon rubber buffer pad for absorbing clamping vibration; An inner layer which is a lining in direct contact with the tool tip, the outer surface of the inner layer is provided with sawtooth anti-skid lines; A self-locking structure is further arranged, the self-locking structure comprises: A pair of micro electromagnets which are respectively arranged in the middle part of the side walls of the V-shaped elastic chuck, the pair of micro electromagnets are connected in parallel and connected with the control module through wires to form a power supply circuit, when the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the two micro electromagnets are powered, and the two side electromagnets are attracted to each other, so that the clamping force is enhanced.

5. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 4 wherein, When the closed loop circuit is disconnected, the control module is configured to synchronously record the angle data of the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder, and is specifically configured to: connect a sampling resistor in series in the external circuit; connect a current detection chip at two ends of the sampling resistor, and communicate the output end of the current detection chip with the control module; after the control module receives a trigger signal of the closed loop circuit being disconnected, send a synchronous acquisition instruction to the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder, and send a power-on instruction to the micro electromagnetic iron; and the control module uses a high-precision clock synchronization mechanism to acquire the angle data of the first angle encoder and the second angle encoder at the same time, so as to obtain the permanent deformation angle γ.

6. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The rotary drive module comprises: The orthogonal rotating mechanism comprises: A fixed base is mounted with a horizontal rotating shaft perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tool through a bearing; A rotating bracket is fixedly installed on the horizontal rotating shaft; A tool holder clamping seat is fixedly arranged on the rotating bracket, and a tool holder insertion port axis of the tool holder clamping seat coincides with the longitudinal axis of the tool; The drive unit comprises: A servo motor is connected with a drive gear through a harmonic reducer; A driven gear is fixed on the horizontal rotating shaft and engaged with the drive gear, and the gear ratio of the drive gear and the driven gear is 1:5; A first angle encoder is fixedly arranged at the end of the horizontal rotating shaft; The resolution of the first angle encoder is not less than 0.001°, and the signal output end of the first angle encoder is in communication connection with the control module.

7. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 6 wherein, A replaceable modular elastic bushing is arranged on the inner wall of the tool holder insertion port, and the elastic bushing comprises: A basic annular bracket is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the insertion hole, and a T-shaped guide sliding groove is arranged on the inner surface of the basic annular bracket, and a magnetic guide sheet is arranged in the T-shaped guide sliding groove; A replaceable clamping block is made of shape memory alloy, and an adaptive clamping cavity is formed on the inner surface of the replaceable clamping block, the profile of the adaptive clamping cavity matches the shape of the tool holder through elastic deformation of the shape memory alloy, and the adaptive clamping cavity restores the initial shape after the tool holder is removed, a T-shaped protrusion matched with the T-shaped guide sliding groove is arranged at the bottom of the replaceable clamping block, and a permanent magnet is embedded in the T-shaped protrusion and attracted to the magnetic guide sheet in the T-shaped guide sliding groove; A silica gel buffer layer is arranged on the outer surface of the replaceable clamping block and avoids the T-shaped protrusion area.

8. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 7 wherein, The shape memory alloy is a nickel-titanium alloy with a phase transition temperature of 25-50℃, and the Shore hardness of the silica gel buffer layer is 40A-60A, and the thickness is 1.5±0.2mm.

9. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The control module is further connected with a data storage unit and a display unit, the data storage unit is configured to record the permanent deformation angle γ and the corresponding test time of each test, and the display unit is configured to display the angle data α, β and γ in real time and provide a test completion prompt signal.

10. The tool bend deformation testing apparatus of claim 1 wherein, The insulating guide rail is provided with concaves at both sides at equal intervals, each of the concaves corresponds to a tool length, when the tool tip clamp module slides to a testing position, a stopper is inserted into the concave far from the tool, so that the tool tip clamp module cannot move in a direction far from the tool.

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