Device and method for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of attosecond pumping and attosecond detection, and relates to a device and a method for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay. The multi-dimensional displacement tables are used for bearing and adjusting the spatial positions of the gold-plated plane mirrors on the multi-dimensional displacement tables, the positions of the two gold-plated plane mirrors are finely adjusted through the two multi-dimensional displacement tables, the optical path length of the detection light path relative to the pump light path is changed, and therefore time delay between the pump pulse and the detection pulse is achieved. On the basis of grazing incidence, loss of attosecond pulses in the reflection process is remarkably reduced, the single-layer gold-plated film is easier to prepare, lower in cost and higher in damage threshold value, in addition, the reflection bandwidth of gold is generally wider than that of a narrow-band multi-layer film of a specific design, and the attosecond pulses with wider frequency spectrums are adapted. The ellipsoidal mirror is used for converging the pump light and the probe light reflected by the two gold-plated plane mirrors to a sample to be detected, and it is guaranteed that the pump light and the probe light finally coincide in spatial position height on the sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of attosecond pumping and attosecond detection technology, and relates to an apparatus and method for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay. Background Technology

[0002] An attosecond is a unit of time, equal to 10-1. -18 Attoseconds correspond to the timescale of electron motion, so attosecond pulses can be used to observe and control the motion of electrons within atoms and molecules. Attosecond pump-attosecond detection is an experimental technique used to study ultrafast dynamic processes in matter. This technique typically involves two laser pulses: one as a pump pulse (used to excite the sample) and the other as a probe pulse (used to detect the sample's state after excitation). By adjusting the time delay between the pump and probe pulses, the sample's response at different time points can be obtained, thus revealing its dynamic characteristics.

[0003] Therefore, to achieve attosecond-level time resolution, not only attosecond pulses are needed, but also attosecond-level pump-probe time delays. In current femtosecond plus attosecond pump-probe experiments, there are two methods to achieve attosecond-level time delays. One method is to split the near-infrared (NIR) driving light into two beams using a beam splitter before the attosecond pulse is generated. One beam is used to generate the attosecond pulse, and the other beam passes through a delay line composed of a pair of mirrors before being combined with the generated attosecond pulse. The other method is not to separate the femtosecond and attosecond pulses, but to use a two-component concentric spherical mirror for focusing and delay. Since the divergence angle of the attosecond pulse is small, the inside of the spherical mirror is coated with a molybdenum-silicon multilayer film to enhance the reflectivity of the attosecond pulse, so that the attosecond pulse is reflected at a 0° angle. The outside is coated with a silver film to achieve the reflection of NIR light, and the inner mirror is mounted on a piezoelectric displacement stage to achieve the time delay.

[0004] Because the generated attosecond pulses have low intensity and short wavelength, they are easily absorbed by matter through interaction. To reduce the loss of attosecond pulses, grazing incidence is generally used to reflect the attosecond pulses instead of transmitting them. Therefore, the first method using a beam splitter is not suitable for achieving time delay between attosecond pulses. The second method can achieve this, but it requires multi-layer coating of the spherical mirror. However, multi-layer coating is difficult to fabricate, has a low damage threshold, low reflection bandwidth, and poor flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, so as to solve the technical problems of low multilayer film damage threshold, low reflection bandwidth and poor flexibility in attosecond time delay.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, comprising: An optical platform is provided with two multi-dimensional displacement stages, and each of the two multi-dimensional displacement stages is provided with a gold-plated plane mirror. An ellipsoidal mirror is located above the gold-plated planar reflector. The ellipsoidal mirror is used to converge the pump light and probe light reflected by the two gold-plated planar reflectors onto the sample to be tested.

[0007] Furthermore, the multidimensional displacement stage is a five-dimensional displacement stage, in which one dimension is adjusted along the x-axis, the other two dimensions are adjusted along the y-axis, and the last two dimensions are adjusted along the z-axis.

[0008] Furthermore, the gold-plated plane mirror is a rectangular plane mirror.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an attosecond pulse light source, which is located above and to the side of the gold-plated plane mirror. The attosecond pulse light source and the ellipsoidal mirror are located on opposite sides of the two gold-plated plane mirrors, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, the attosecond pulses emitted by the attosecond pulse light source are fully projected onto the two gold-plated planar reflectors.

[0011] Furthermore, the surfaces of the two gold-plated planar mirrors are parallel.

[0012] Furthermore, the multidimensional displacement stage is provided with a displacement stage adapter plate, and the displacement stage adapter plate is provided with a gold-plated plane reflector.

[0013] Furthermore, the displacement stage adapter plate is provided with a mirror frame, and the mirror frame is provided with a gold-plated plane mirror.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, comprising the following steps: S1, Adjust the multi-dimensional displacement stage to make the two gold-plated plane mirrors parallel to each other and on the same horizontal plane; S2, the generated attosecond pulse is grazing incident on two gold-plated plane mirrors in the horizontal direction. The position of the two gold-plated plane mirrors is adjusted by a multi-dimensional displacement stage. The two gold-plated plane mirrors split the attosecond pulse into pump light and probe light according to a specified ratio. During the process, the two gold-plated plane mirrors must be kept parallel to each other. S3, by adjusting the vertical distance between the two gold-plated plane mirrors through a multi-dimensional displacement stage, the pump light and probe light have a specified time delay, and the two gold-plated plane mirrors must be kept parallel to each other during the process; S4. The pump light and probe light are incident on the ellipsoidal mirror. The angle of the ellipsoidal mirror is adjusted so that the pump light and probe light are reflected by the ellipsoidal mirror and converge at the same point on the sample to be tested, so as to realize the interaction between the attosecond pulse and the matter, thereby obtaining the attosecond pump attosecond detection spectrum.

[0015] A method for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond probe pulse time delay, wherein the specified time delay is as follows:

[0016] in, For the specified time delay, Let be the angle between the incident attosecond light pulse and the reflecting mirror surface. The optical path difference between the pump light and the probe light. At the speed of light, The perpendicular distance between the two gold-plated plane mirrors.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides an optical platform for mounting and securing all other components. A multi-dimensional displacement stage supports and adjusts the spatial position of the gold-plated plane mirrors. By precisely adjusting the positions of the two gold-plated plane mirrors using two multi-dimensional displacement stages, the optical path length of the probe light path relative to the pump light path is changed, thereby achieving a time delay between the pump pulse and the probe pulse. The two gold-plated plane mirrors reflect attosecond pulses from the pump and probe light respectively based on grazing incidence, significantly reducing attosecond pulse loss during reflection. The fabrication of a single-layer gold film is simpler and less costly, and it has a higher damage threshold. Furthermore, gold typically has a wider reflection bandwidth than a specifically designed narrowband multilayer film, accommodating a wider spectrum of attosecond pulses. An ellipsoidal mirror is used to converge the pump and probe light reflected from the two gold-plated plane mirrors onto the sample under test, ensuring a high degree of spatial overlap between the pump and probe light on the sample. This invention achieves attosecond-level control of the time delay between the pump and probe pulses by adjusting the optical path length of the gold-plated plane mirrors using a high-precision multi-dimensional displacement stage, which is beneficial for flexible and precise adjustment of the time delay between the pump and probe pulses. The entire device does not require any customized multilayer films for attosecond pulses, avoiding problems such as aging and instability of multilayer films. It only requires a single-layer gold film to be deposited on a plane mirror, which is simple to prepare, low in cost, and conducive to improving the damage threshold, wider reflection bandwidth, and stronger applicability.

[0018] This invention utilizes a high-precision multi-dimensional displacement stage to adjust the optical path of a gold-plated plane mirror, achieving attosecond-level control of the time delay between the pump and probe pulses. This facilitates flexible and precise adjustment of the time delay between the pump and probe pulses. Adjusting the time delay of the two beams by moving the gold-plated plane mirror provides intuitive control, high reliability, and good flexibility. Finally, the pump and probe beams are incident on an ellipsoidal mirror. By adjusting the angle of the ellipsoidal mirror, the pump and probe beams converge at the same point on the sample after reflection, achieving the interaction between the attosecond pulse and the matter, thus obtaining the attosecond pump-attosecond probe spectrum. This invention improves reflectivity and reduces loss based on grazing incidence. The entire device does not require any customized multilayer films for attosecond pulses, avoiding problems such as aging and instability of multilayer films. Only a single-layer gold film needs to be deposited on the plane mirror, making preparation simple and low-cost. This improves the damage threshold, broadens the reflection bandwidth, and enhances applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the pump pulse and probe pulse with a delay of τ according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection time delay according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the projected light spot of an attosecond beam grazing incident on a gold-plated reflector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The components include: 1. Sample to be tested; 2. Optical platform; 3. Multidimensional displacement stage; 4. Displacement stage adapter plate; 5. Mirror frame; 6. Gold-plated plane mirror; 7. Ellipsoidal mirror; 8. Pump light; 9. Probe light; 10. Attosecond pulse; 11. Attosecond pulse light source. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1: See Figure 2 The present invention discloses a device for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, comprising: an optical platform 2, two multidimensional displacement stages 3, a gold-plated plane mirror 6 and an ellipsoidal mirror 7; The optical platform 2 is equipped with two multi-dimensional displacement stages 3, each with a gold-plated plane mirror 6. The optical platform 2 provides a stable, vibration-isolated foundation for mounting and securing all other components. The multi-dimensional displacement stages 3 support and adjust the spatial position of the gold-plated plane mirrors 6. By finely adjusting the positions of the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 through the two multi-dimensional displacement stages 3, the optical path length of the probe light path relative to the pump light path is changed, thereby achieving a time delay between the pump pulse and the probe pulse. The two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 reflect the attosecond pulse beams in the pump light 8 and the probe light 9, respectively. At a grazing incidence angle, this significantly reduces the loss of the attosecond pulse during reflection. Compared to complex molybdenum-silicon multilayer films, the fabrication of a single-layer gold film is simpler, lower in cost, and has a higher damage threshold. Furthermore, gold typically has a wider reflection bandwidth than specifically designed narrowband multilayer films, accommodating a wider spectrum of attosecond pulses.

[0024] An ellipsoidal mirror 7 is located above the gold-plated plane mirror 6. The ellipsoidal mirror 7 is used to converge the pump light 8 and the probe light 9 reflected by the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 onto the sample 1 to be tested, ensuring that the pump light 8 and the probe light 9 are highly coincident in spatial position on the sample.

[0025] In this embodiment of the invention, the multidimensional displacement stage 3 is a five-dimensional displacement stage, in which one dimension is adjusted along the x-axis, the other two dimensions are adjusted along the y-axis, and the last two dimensions are adjusted along the z-axis, with the x-axis, y-axis and z-axis being perpendicular to each other.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, the gold-plated planar reflector 6 is a rectangular planar reflector.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, an attosecond pulse light source 11 is also included. The attosecond pulse light source 11 is located above and to the side of the gold-plated plane mirror 6. The attosecond pulse light source 11 and the ellipsoidal mirror 7 are respectively located on both sides of the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6.

[0028] In this embodiment of the invention, the attosecond pulse 10 emitted by the attosecond pulse light source 11 is completely projected onto the two gold-plated planar reflectors 6.

[0029] In this embodiment of the invention, the surfaces of the two gold-plated planar reflectors 6 are parallel.

[0030] In this embodiment of the invention, the multidimensional displacement stage 3 is provided with a displacement stage adapter plate 4, and the displacement stage adapter plate 4 is provided with a gold-plated plane reflector 6.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the displacement stage adapter plate 4 is provided with a mirror frame 5, and the mirror frame 5 is provided with a gold-plated plane mirror 6.

[0032] Based on the above structure, this invention also discloses a method for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 4 This includes the following steps: S1, adjust the multidimensional displacement stage 3 to make the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 parallel to each other and on the same horizontal plane, ensuring that the pump light 8 and the probe light 9 have exactly the same grazing incidence angle.

[0033] S2, the generated attosecond pulse 10 is swept horizontally and incident onto two gold-plated plane mirrors 6. The positions of the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 are adjusted by the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3. The two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 split the attosecond pulse 10 into pump light 8 and probe light 9 according to a specified ratio. During the process, it is necessary to ensure that the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 are parallel to each other to avoid the beam direction deviating due to the tilt of the mirrors. S3, the vertical distance between the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 is adjusted by the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 so that the pump light 8 and the probe light 9 have a specified time delay. During the process, the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 must be kept parallel to each other. In this embodiment of the invention, the specified time delay is as follows:

[0034] in, For the specified time delay, Let be the angle between the incident attosecond light pulse and the reflecting mirror surface. The optical path difference between pump light 8 and probe light 9. At the speed of light, The perpendicular distance between the two gold-plated flat mirrors 6.

[0035] S4. Pump light 8 and probe light 9 are incident on ellipsoidal mirror 7. The angle of ellipsoidal mirror 7 is adjusted so that pump light 8 and probe light 9 are reflected by ellipsoidal mirror 7 and converge at the same point on the sample 1 to achieve the interaction between attosecond pulse 10 and matter, thereby obtaining attosecond pump attosecond detection spectrum.

[0036] This invention achieves attosecond-level control of the time delay between the pump pulse and the probe pulse by adjusting the optical path of the gold-plated plane mirror 6 using a high-precision multidimensional displacement stage 3. This facilitates flexible and precise adjustment of the time delay between the pump and probe pulses. Secondly, the gold-plated plane mirror 6 operates in a grazing incidence mode, significantly reducing the loss of the attosecond pulse during reflection. The entire device does not require any customized multilayer films for attosecond pulses, avoiding problems such as aging and instability of multilayer films. Only a single-layer gold film needs to be deposited on the plane mirror, making the fabrication simple and low-cost. This improves the damage threshold, broadens the reflection bandwidth, and enhances applicability.

[0037] Example 2: This invention addresses the problem of the difficulty in achieving time delay in attosecond pumping and attosecond detection technology by proposing a device for realizing the time delay of attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulses.

[0038] The device of this invention comprises: two multidimensional displacement stages 3, a pair of gold-plated plane mirrors 6 with gold coating, and an ellipsoidal mirror 7, etc. The specific operation process is as follows: S1, the generated attosecond pulse 10 is grazing incident on a pair of parallel gold-plated plane mirrors 6 mounted on two multidimensional displacement stages 3 and is reflected.

[0039] In the above steps, the attosecond pulse spot is divided into two lobes by two plane mirrors. The specific ratio depends on the specific experimental conditions. One attosecond pulse lobe grazes into the edge of the gold-plated plane mirror 6 with the gold-plated film in front at a certain angle and is reflected. The remaining attosecond pulse lobe, which is not reflected, passes through the edge of the gold-plated plane mirror 6 with the gold-plated film in front and grazes into the gold-plated plane mirror 6 with the gold-plated film behind at the same angle and is reflected.

[0040] S2, adjust the multidimensional displacement stage 3 so that the rear plane mirror and the front plane mirror are parallel to each other and maintain a certain vertical distance, thereby splitting an attosecond pulse into two beams and achieving time delay.

[0041] In the above steps, the attosecond light pulse 10 is split into two beams with a certain time delay after being reflected by two plane mirrors, which serve as pump light and probe light respectively. Furthermore, the vertical distance between the two parallel gold-plated plane mirrors 6 can be changed by moving the multidimensional displacement stage 3, thereby changing the time delay between the pump light and the probe light, and performing time scanning to achieve attosecond-level time resolution.

[0042] Vertical distance between the two mirrors It is directly proportional to the optical path difference between the two beams, and the optical path difference between the two beams is... Divide by the speed of light This refers to the time delay between the two beams of light, therefore the time delay between pump light 8 and probe light 9. Vertical distance between the two mirrors They are directly proportional, and the relationship between them, after analysis, is shown in the following formula (1): (1) in, Let be the angle between the incident attosecond light pulse and the reflecting mirror. Therefore, by precisely controlling the vertical distance between the two plane mirrors using a displacement stage, the time delay between the pump and the pulsed light can be controlled. When the grazing angle... When =15°, 1 of A time delay of 1.725fs can be achieved.

[0043] S3, after splitting the attosecond pulse 10 and delaying it, an ellipsoidal mirror 7 is used to focus the reflected pump light 8 and probe light 9 onto the sample 1 to achieve spatial overlap of the two beams at the sample 1.

[0044] In the above steps, considering that the pump and probe pulses are spatially separated after the time delay, the two beams will not completely overlap on the sample after being focused by the ellipsoidal mirror, but will have a parallel displacement. Its vertical distance from the two mirrors It is directly proportional, and considering that the beam will be reduced by a certain proportion after being focused by the ellipsoidal mirror. The relationship between them, after analysis, is shown in the following formula (2): (2) Calculated using the above formula, when the grazing angle... =15°, beam reduction ratio Time, change A time delay of 1fs will result in... The parallel beam displacement is negligible relative to the entire sample, while for an attosecond pulse with a spot size of 60 μm, the effective spatial translation range is... The time delay is 60 μm, which limits the achievable time delay range of grazing incidence optics to about 500 fs, which is sufficient for attosecond pumped attosecond detection experiments.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the current technology of achieving attosecond pump and probe time delay through multilayer film dual-component focusing mirrors with 0° incident angle, this invention achieves the time delay between attosecond pump and probe pulses through grazing incidence. First, it can greatly reduce the reflection loss of attosecond pulses. Second, compared with multilayer film mirrors, gold-plated mirrors have a higher bandwidth, are more flexible in use, are suitable for more experimental conditions, have a higher damage threshold, and a longer service life, which is more conducive to the long-term stability of experiments.

[0046] Example 3: To better understand the purpose, features, and advantages of this invention, the following detailed explanation is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] This embodiment provides a device for achieving attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay based on grazing incidence. Specific implementation examples include... Figure 2 As shown, a beam of attosecond pulses generated is grazing-injected onto... Figure 2 On the delay device shown, pump pulses and probe pulses with a time delay τ can be obtained, such as Figure 1 As shown, by focusing these two pulses onto the sample 1, attosecond pump-probe spectra can be obtained, achieving attosecond-level time resolution to study ultrafast dynamic processes in matter.

[0048] See Figure 2 The components required for this embodiment are as follows: Two rectangular gold-plated plane mirrors 6, according to Figure 3 As shown, since the incident light spot will be projected onto the surface of the gold-plated plane mirror 6, to achieve reflection of the entire light spot, the surface area of ​​the mirror needs to be larger than the area of ​​the projected light spot. For a light spot with a size of a = 10 mm and a grazing angle of incidence... =15° attosecond light pulse, you can prepare two 40×40mm chips. 2 A gold-plated flat mirror.

[0049] Two five-dimensional displacement stages are used. In this embodiment, the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 is a five-dimensional displacement stage, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a gold-plated plane mirror 6 is mounted on each of the two multi-dimensional displacement stages 3. One dimension of the five-dimensional displacement stage is adjusted along the x-axis, the other two dimensions are adjusted along the y-axis, and the last two dimensions are adjusted along the z-axis.

[0050] An ellipsoidal mirror 7 focuses the pump light 8 and the probe light 9 onto the same point of the sample 1 to achieve beam contraction. The ellipsoidal mirror 7 needs to be customized according to the specific design of the object distance, image distance and beam contraction ratio.

[0051] See Figure 2 and Figure 4The operation steps in this embodiment are as follows: S1, the gold-plated plane mirror 6 is installed on the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 through the displacement stage adapter plate 4 and the mirror frame 5. The knob on the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 is adjusted along the z direction to make the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 parallel to each other, so that the incident attosecond pulse 10 is incident on the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 at the same grazing incident angle.

[0052] S2, adjust the knob on the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 along the x-direction to align the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 on the same horizontal line.

[0053] S3, the generated attosecond pulse 10 is swept horizontally and incident onto the two gold-plated flat mirrors 6.

[0054] S4. Adjust the knob on the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 along the y-direction to achieve the specified beam splitting ratio and match the incident direction of the attosecond pulse 10. If we want a 1:1 pump pulse and probe pulse, we can adjust the y-direction so that the center of the attosecond pulse 10 spot coincides with the edge between the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6. In this way, half of the spot can be reflected as a pump pulse by the gold-plated plane mirror 6 close to the attosecond pulse light source 11, and the other half of the spot can be reflected as a probe pulse by the gold-plated plane mirror 6 far away from the attosecond pulse light source 11.

[0055] S5, Adjust the knob on the multi-dimensional displacement stage 3 along the z-direction to change the vertical distance between the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6. Get the specified time delay During this process, it is necessary to ensure that the two gold-plated plane mirrors 6 are parallel to each other.

[0056] S6, the reflected pump light 8 and probe light 9 with time delay are incident on the ellipsoidal mirror 7. The angle of the ellipsoidal mirror 7 is adjusted to match the incident angle of the ellipsoidal mirror 7. After being reflected by the ellipsoidal mirror 7, the pump light 8 and probe light 9 converge at approximately the same point on the sample 1 to be tested, ensuring that the light spots of the pump light 8 and probe light 9 reflected by the ellipsoidal mirror 7 largely overlap on the sample 1 to achieve the interaction between the attosecond pulse and the matter, thereby obtaining the attosecond pump attosecond probe spectrum and realizing the real-time observation and manipulation of the ultrafast dynamics of matter.

[0057] In addition, since attosecond pulses are easily absorbed by air, the above steps need to be performed in a vacuum environment.

[0058] In summary, this invention provides a device for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection time delay based on grazing incidence. This device reduces the reflection loss of attosecond pulses, is simple to implement, and has stable performance. It can flexibly and accurately adjust the time delay between pumping and detection pulses, which is of great significance for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection spectroscopy and thus obtaining higher time resolution.

[0059] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, characterized in that, include: An optical platform (2) is provided with two multi-dimensional displacement stages (3), and gold-plated plane mirrors (6) are provided on the two multi-dimensional displacement stages (3). An ellipsoidal mirror (7) is located above the gold-plated plane mirror (6) and is used to converge the pump light (8) and probe light (9) reflected by the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) onto the sample to be tested (1).

2. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multidimensional displacement stage (3) is a five-dimensional displacement stage, in which one dimension is adjusted along the x-axis, the other two dimensions are adjusted along the y-axis, and the last two dimensions are adjusted along the z-axis.

3. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gold-plated plane mirror (6) is a rectangular plane mirror.

4. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an attosecond pulse light source (11), which is located above the side of the gold-plated plane mirror (6). The attosecond pulse light source (11) and the ellipsoidal mirror (7) are located on both sides of the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6).

5. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 4, characterized in that, The attosecond pulses (10) emitted by the attosecond pulse light source (11) are fully projected onto the two gold-plated flat mirrors (6).

6. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surfaces of the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) are parallel.

7. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multidimensional displacement stage (3) is provided with a displacement stage adapter plate (4), and the displacement stage adapter plate (4) is provided with a gold-plated plane reflector (6).

8. The apparatus for realizing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay according to claim 7, characterized in that, The displacement stage adapter plate (4) is provided with a mirror frame (5), and the mirror frame (5) is provided with a gold-plated plane mirror (6).

9. A method for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond probe pulse time delay, based on the apparatus for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond probe pulse time delay as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, adjust the multidimensional displacement stage (3) to make the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) parallel to each other and on the same horizontal plane; S2, the generated attosecond pulse (10) is grazing incident on two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) in the horizontal direction. The positions of the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) are adjusted by the multi-dimensional displacement stage (3). The two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) split the attosecond pulse (10) into pump light (8) and probe light (9) according to the specified ratio. During the process, the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) must be kept parallel to each other. S3, adjust the vertical distance between the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) by using a multi-dimensional displacement stage (3) so that the pump light (8) and the probe light (9) have a specified time delay. During the process, the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) must be kept parallel to each other. S4, the pump light (8) and the probe light (9) are incident on the ellipsoidal mirror (7). The angle of the ellipsoidal mirror (7) is adjusted so that the pump light (8) and the probe light (9) converge at the same point on the sample (1) after being reflected by the ellipsoidal mirror (7), so as to realize the interaction between the attosecond pulse (10) and the matter, thereby obtaining the attosecond pump attosecond probe spectrum.

10. A method for implementing attosecond pumping and attosecond detection pulse time delay, characterized in that, The specified time delay is as follows: in, For the specified time delay, Let be the angle between the incident attosecond light pulse and the reflecting mirror surface. The optical path difference between the pump light (8) and the probe light (9) is... At the speed of light, The perpendicular distance between the two gold-plated plane mirrors (6) is given.

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