Mine emergency power supply system and method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine emergency power supplies, and discloses a mine emergency power supply system and method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, and the system is characterized in that a photovoltaic power generation module charges an energy storage module in daily life, and carries out the coordinated auxiliary power supply in emergency; the energy storage module outputs direct current to the energy storage, current conversion and voltage boosting all-in-one machine through a direct current bus; the energy storage, conversion and boost all-in-one machine converts direct current into alternating current and supplies power to the mine emergency guarantee module; the energy management module issues a control instruction to the photovoltaic power generation module, the energy storage module, the energy storage conversion and boost all-in-one machine and the mine emergency guarantee module; the mine emergency guarantee module is connected with the alternating current of the energy storage, conversion and boosting all-in-one machine through the quick switching device to supply power to the key load; the multi-level safety protection module is connected with the energy storage module and the mine emergency guarantee module to monitor the safety state. The technical bottleneck of the current mining area energy storage system is effectively solved, and the safety, reliability, economic practicability and comprehensive energy efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mine emergency power supply, in particular to a mine emergency power supply system and method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the mine energy system, energy storage technology is the key support to ensure the stability of mine power supply and improve energy utilization efficiency, but there are still many technical bottlenecks in the current application of mine energy storage system, which restricts its safety and reliability and comprehensive benefits.

[0003] Firstly, in terms of heat dissipation scheme, the traditional energy storage system usually adopts air cooling heat dissipation technology to realize heat exchange through air convection, which easily leads to uneven temperature distribution of the battery pack, produces a lot of noise during operation, and the overall volume of the equipment is large, which not only affects the temperature consistency of the battery pack, but also accelerates the performance degradation of the battery, shortens the service life, increases the risk of thermal runaway, and is not suitable for the power supply scene with high safety demand in the mine. Secondly, in terms of system access and operation strategy, the existing energy storage system usually adopts single-loop access to the power distribution network, which has poor flexibility, and is not optimized in combination with the power distribution capacity characteristics and peak-valley electricity price policy, which limits the economic benefits of system operation; at the same time, the operation strategy is relatively single, which mainly depends on the arbitrage of peak-valley price difference, and cannot fully integrate multiple functions such as emergency standby power, photovoltaic consumption, and power auxiliary services, which cannot meet the demand of comprehensive utilization of energy system in the mine. Thirdly, in terms of safety protection and equipment arrangement, the fire-fighting design of the traditional energy storage system is relatively simple, which only relies on a single type of fire extinguishing system, and does not build a multi-level safety protection system covering equipment, cabin and station area, which is difficult to deal with complex safety risks such as lithium battery thermal runaway; and the core equipment such as energy storage converter and step-up transformer is installed in a dispersed manner, which not only occupies a large area, but also reduces the cooperative operation efficiency between equipment, increases the operation and maintenance cost and management difficulty of mine energy storage system.

[0004] In summary, the current mine energy storage system has technical defects in heat dissipation, access, strategy, safety, arrangement, etc., and a more suitable energy storage solution for mine scene is needed to improve the safety and reliability, economic practicality and comprehensive energy efficiency of the system. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a mine emergency power supply system and method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, which effectively solves the technical bottlenecks of the current mine energy storage system through liquid cooling heat dissipation optimization, flexible parallel access, multi-element operation strategy integration, multi-level safety protection construction and equipment integrated arrangement, and significantly improves the safety and reliability, economic practicality and comprehensive energy efficiency.

[0006] The application provides a mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, an energy management module, an energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine, a multi-level safety protection module and a mine emergency guarantee module, the photovoltaic power generation module is connected with the energy storage module and the energy management module respectively, the energy storage module is connected with the energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine, the energy management module and the multi-level safety protection module respectively, the energy management module is connected with the energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine, the multi-level safety protection module and the mine emergency guarantee module respectively, the energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine is further connected with the mine emergency guarantee module, and the multi-level safety protection module is further connected with the mine emergency guarantee module.

[0007] The photovoltaic power generation module is used for charging the energy storage module through a direct current cable in daily time, and assisting power supply through the energy management module in emergency time, and uploading power data to the energy management module and receiving power regulation instructions.

[0008] The energy storage module is used for outputting direct current to the energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine through a direct current bus, receiving charge and discharge and protection instructions of the energy management module, feeding back battery state data, and realizing fire-fighting early warning and protection in linkage with the multi-level safety protection module.

[0009] The energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine is used for converting direct current of the energy storage module into alternating current, supplying power to the mine emergency guarantee module through an alternating current cable / high-voltage cabinet, receiving operation mode and frequency regulation instructions of the energy management module and feeding back output parameters.

[0010] The energy management module is used for issuing control instructions to the photovoltaic power generation module, the energy storage module, the energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine and the mine emergency guarantee module through industrial Ethernet / RS485, receiving state data of each module, and triggering emergency switching and load grading strategies.

[0011] The mine emergency guarantee module is used for supplying power to critical loads through the alternating current of the energy storage and current conversion and voltage boosting integrated machine by means of a quick switching device when the main power supply is interrupted, feeding back load states to the energy management module and uploading electrical abnormal signals to the multi-level safety protection module.

[0012] The multi-level safety protection module is used for being connected with the energy storage module and the mine emergency guarantee module to monitor safety states, and implementing fire-fighting, fire prevention and electrical protection on each module in combination with the energy management module, so as to guarantee the safety of the system in all scenes.

[0013] Further, the photovoltaic power generation module adopts a single crystal silicon photovoltaic assembly, a plurality of photovoltaic groups are formed by series connection of the assembly, the output voltage of each group matches the demand of the direct current side of the energy storage module, and one MPPT controller is configured for each group to track the maximum photovoltaic power point in real time; the photovoltaic power generation module is internally provided with a power monitoring unit and a temperature sensor, and is connected to the energy management module through an industrial Ethernet to upload photovoltaic output power, assembly temperature and irradiance data; meanwhile, the power adjustment instruction issued by the energy management module is received.

[0014] When the main power supply of the mine is normal, the photovoltaic power generation module converts photovoltaic electric energy into direct current electric energy to charge the energy storage module; when the main power supply of the mine is interrupted and the energy storage module is insufficient, the energy management module is coordinated to directly provide auxiliary electric energy for the key emergency load.

[0015] Further, the energy storage module adopts a liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container, which is internally integrated with a liquid cooling subsystem, and the battery group temperature is controlled at-30℃ to +60℃ through cooling liquid circulation heat exchange, the cell adopts a square aluminum shell lithium iron phosphate battery, 24 cell groups are connected in series to form one battery module, one combustible gas detector is configured for every two battery modules, and one temperature sensor is arranged every 1m 2 One temperature sensor is arranged and connected to the multi-level safety protection module, a fire-fighting interface is arranged to receive the fire extinguishing starting instruction of the safety protection module, and the perfluorohexone gas fire extinguishing subsystem in the cabin is triggered;

[0016] The liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container is integrated with a three-level BMS subsystem, including a battery monitoring circuit, a slave control unit and a master control unit; the battery monitoring circuit is used to collect real-time cell data, the slave control unit is used to calculate SOC / SOH and realize active balancing, and the master control unit is used to trigger level 1-3 fault protection.

[0017] Further, the liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container is provided with a liquid cooling pipe / heat exchange plate close to the battery module, and the cooling liquid is connected through a quick connector; the liquid cooling subsystem includes a compressor, an evaporator and a condenser, which are used to adapt to the extreme temperature and humidity environment of the mine surface / underground, have two modes of refrigeration cycle and water cooling cycle, and specifically are as follows:

[0018] Refrigeration cycle: the compressor drives the refrigerant to circulate, the evaporator absorbs the heat of the water cooling cycle, the heat is released to the air through the condenser, a closed refrigeration circuit is formed, and a cold source is provided for the water cooling cycle;

[0019] Water cooling cycle: the cooling liquid is driven by a pump, flows through the battery module through the corresponding functional liquid cooling pipe / heat exchange plate of the water cooling plate, absorbs the heat generated by the battery charging and discharging, and then returns to the evaporator to exchange heat with the refrigerant to complete heat transfer.

[0020] Further, the energy management module adopts a dual-network redundancy architecture of control network + information network,

[0021] The control network selects an industrial Ethernet switch to connect the energy storage module, energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, multi-level security protection module, and mine emergency guarantee module to ensure real-time command transmission; the information network adopts a gigabit Ethernet switch to connect a data storage server and a mine operation and maintenance platform to realize data acquisition and remote monitoring.

[0022] The energy management module integrates a coordinated controller to realize the following functions through a preset algorithm:

[0023] (1) When the emergency load power fluctuates, the energy storage discharge power adjustment instruction is calculated and issued to maintain voltage frequency stability;

[0024] (2) According to the preset logic of the mine load priority, the non-critical load is cut off through the relay output end when the main power supply is interrupted, and the response time is cut off.

[0025] (3) Dynamically track the AGC instruction, suppress the photovoltaic power fluctuation through the PID algorithm, and compensate the photovoltaic prediction curve deviation based on the historical data.

[0026] Further, in the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, the positive and negative poles of the energy storage battery are first connected to a direct current EMI filter to filter electromagnetic interference, and a direct current lightning protection device is connected in parallel to the ground for surge protection; a soft start circuit and a direct current contactor are connected in parallel to the output end of the direct current EMI filter; the parallel unit output is connected to a bidirectional DC / AC converter, and the output end is connected to an LCL filter; the LCL filter is connected to an alternating current relay 1 and an alternating current relay 2 in turn, and an alternating current EMI filter is further connected in series to purify alternating current, and an alternating current lightning protection device is connected in parallel to the ground; finally, the processed alternating current is connected to the power grid or the load through the output end, forming a complete path from direct current input to alternating current output.

[0027] During charging, the power grid alternating current passes through the alternating current lightning protection device, the alternating current EMI filter, the alternating current relay, and the LCL filter into the bidirectional DC / AC converter, and after rectification to direct current, the direct current charges the energy storage battery through the direct current contactor and the direct current EMI filter; during discharging, the battery direct current passes through the direct current lightning protection device, the direct current EMI filter, and the direct current contactor into the bidirectional DC / AC converter to be inverted into alternating current, which is output to the load or the power grid through the LCL filter, the alternating current relay, and the alternating current EMI filter; during operation, the filter continuously purifies the electric energy, the lightning protection device resists the surge, and the relay quickly switches the grid-connected / off-grid state according to the instructions of the energy management module.

[0028] Further, the mine emergency guarantee module includes a quick switching device and a state monitoring feedback unit.

[0029] The quick switching device configures ATS, and the voltage monitoring module is used for monitoring the main power voltage in real time; when the voltage drops to below 70% of the rated value, the ATS triggers mechanical interlocking switching; the quick switching device is provided with a voltage phase detection unit to ensure that the voltage phase difference is less than a set value during grid-connected switching;

[0030] The state monitoring feedback unit module is provided with a current transformer and a voltage sensor, and the load current, voltage and power data are uploaded to the energy management module through an RS485 bus; when overcurrent or short circuit of the load is detected, an alarm signal is immediately sent to the multi-level safety protection module to trigger the leakage protection.

[0031] Further, the multi-level safety protection module adopts a three-level fire-fighting design, and specifically includes:

[0032] Primary warning: early abnormalities are detected through the battery cabin battery thermal smoke / warmth sensor and gas fire extinguishing controller, a primary fire alarm signal is sent to the fire control room and the battery management system in reverse, an audible and visual warning is started, and the abnormality is prompted but the fire extinguishing condition is not reached;

[0033] Secondary fire alarm: when the battery thermal smoke / warmth sensor and the gas fire extinguishing controller trigger simultaneously or the secondary fire alarm of the gas fire extinguishing controller is triggered, the fire is determined to be confirmed, a secondary fire alarm signal is sent to the fire control room and the BMS in reverse, the non-fire-fighting power supply is cut off, the emergency ventilation is started, and the fire extinguishing preparation is entered;

[0034] Manual intervention priority: after the secondary fire alarm is triggered, the system enters a 0-30S delay, it is judged whether there is a person on duty on the site, if there is a person, it is decided whether to start the gas fire extinguishing manually, if there is no person, the fire extinguishing process is automatically executed, the pressure switch is triggered to act, the gas fire extinguishing alarm is triggered, and the gas fire extinguishing is started;

[0035] Ventilation control: the H2 / CO gas detector is used for monitoring the gas, when the set low concentration is reached, manual entry into the site is allowed, the system is reset and the air intake and exhaust system is automatically closed; when the set high concentration is reached, the audible and visual alarm is triggered to act continuously, the personnel are prohibited from entering, and the forced ventilation is performed until the concentration falls back, so that the operation and maintenance safety is ensured. After the fire extinguishing is completed, the air intake and exhaust system is opened by triggering the set low concentration alarm to discharge the residual fire extinguishing agent and harmful gas, and then the air intake and exhaust system is closed by triggering the set high concentration alarm, and the ventilation is opened until the personnel entering or system restarting condition is met.

[0036] The application also provides a mine emergency method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, which is based on the mine emergency power supply system.

[0037] S1, the photovoltaic power generation module charges the energy storage module, the data of the photovoltaic power generation module, energy storage module, energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, multi-level safety protection module and mine emergency guarantee module are uploaded to the energy management module in real time, and the operation and maintenance personnel remotely monitor, so as to provide emergency reserve power and guarantee the stability of the system;

[0038] S2, when the main power voltage drop triggers a signal, the energy management module switches instructions, completes the uninterrupted switching of the load from the main power to the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, and avoids load shutdown;

[0039] S3, power supply according to load priority, the energy storage module converts power through the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine to supply the load, and the photovoltaic auxiliary power is supplied when the illumination meets the standard, so as to ensure the stability of the load power;

[0040] S4, the battery cabin and load state are monitored throughout the process, and when an abnormality occurs, fire extinguishing and electric leakage protection measures are triggered, the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine guarantee uninterrupted power supply, so as to protect the safety of equipment and personnel;

[0041] S5, after the main power is restored, switch back to main power supply, and the photovoltaic power is preferentially supplied to the energy storage SOC greater than or equal to 80%, the emergency data is recorded and the equipment is checked, and the system is reset.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0043] In terms of heat dissipation, the liquid cooling thermal management technology replaces the traditional air cooling, which can optimize the battery pack temperature distribution, improve the temperature consistency, slow down the battery performance degradation, reduce the risk of thermal runaway, avoid the noise and volume problems of air cooling, and adapt to the application requirements of high safety and compact space in the mine area; in terms of system access and operation strategy, a flexible multi-unit parallel access mode is adopted, combined with the optimization design of the power distribution capacity characteristics and peak-valley electricity price policy in the mine area, and the integration of emergency standby power, photovoltaic consumption, power auxiliary services and other multiple functions, the flexibility limitation of single loop access and the benefit bottleneck of single operation strategy are broken through, and the economic benefit and comprehensive utilization value of system operation are improved; in terms of safety protection and equipment arrangement, a multi-level safety protection system covering prefabricated cabin, battery cluster and station area is constructed, replacing a single fire extinguishing system, enhancing the response ability to complex risks such as lithium battery thermal runaway, integrating energy storage converter, booster transformer and other core equipment in prefabricated cabin, reducing the occupied area, improving the collaborative operation efficiency of equipment, reducing the operation and maintenance cost and management difficulty, and finally providing a set of energy solution with strong adaptability, safety and reliability and significant benefit for the mine area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling of the present application.

[0045] Figure 2It is a structural schematic view of a liquid cooling subsystem in an energy storage module of the application.

[0046] Figure 3 It is an internal structure schematic view of an energy storage and converter integrated machine in the application.

[0047] Figure 4 It is a battery compartment fire extinguishing control logic diagram in a multi-level safety protection module of the application.

[0048] Figure 5 It is a flow schematic view of a mine emergency power supply method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling of the application.

[0049] The implementation of the object of the application, functional features and advantages will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application and not to limit the application.

[0051] As shown in Figure 1 The application provides a mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, which comprises a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, an energy management module, an energy storage and converter integrated machine, a multi-level safety protection module and a mine emergency guarantee module.

[0052] (1) Photovoltaic power generation module

[0053] The photovoltaic power generation module is used for charging the energy storage module through a direct current cable in daily time, and assisting power supply through the energy management module in emergency time, while uploading power data to the energy management module and receiving power regulation instructions.

[0054] The output end of the photovoltaic power generation module is directly connected to the direct current input end of the energy storage module through a flame-retardant direct current cable. The outer layer of the cable is wrapped with a fireproof sleeve, and is laid along a special cable trench on the surface of the mine, with a safety distance of greater than or equal to 0.3 m from the power cable to avoid electromagnetic interference. The power monitoring unit of the photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the information network port of the energy management module through an industrial Ethernet, and real-time uploads data such as photovoltaic output power, component temperature and irradiance; at the same time, it receives the power regulation instructions issued by the energy management module, and the instruction transmission delay is less than or equal to 100 ms, so as to ensure the stable input of photovoltaic electric energy to the energy storage module.

[0055] The photovoltaic power generation module adopts a single crystal silicon photovoltaic assembly, a plurality of groups of photovoltaic strings are formed by connecting the assemblies in series, the output voltage of each group of strings matches the demand of the direct current side of the energy storage module, and one MPPT controller is arranged for each group of strings to track the maximum photovoltaic power point in real time; the photovoltaic power generation module is internally provided with a power monitoring unit and a temperature sensor, and is connected to the energy management module through an industrial Ethernet for uploading photovoltaic output power, assembly temperature and irradiance data; meanwhile, the power adjustment instruction issued by the energy management module is received.

[0056] The photovoltaic power generation module realizes the following functions:

[0057] Daily energy storage charging: the photovoltaic power generation module is used as the main energy supply source of the energy storage system, and when the main power supply of the mine is normal, the photovoltaic electric energy is converted into direct current electric energy to charge the energy storage module, thereby reducing the dependence on the power grid.

[0058] Emergency auxiliary power supply: when the main power supply of the mine is interrupted and the energy storage module is insufficient, the photovoltaic power generation module directly provides auxiliary electric energy to the key emergency load (such as ventilation and monitoring) through the coordination of the energy management module, thereby prolonging the emergency power supply time.

[0059] (2) Energy storage module

[0060] The energy storage module is used for outputting direct current to the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine through a direct current bus, receiving the charging and discharging and protection instructions of the energy management module, feeding back the battery state data, and realizing fire warning and protection in linkage with the multi-level safety protection module.

[0061] The direct current output end of the energy storage module is connected with the direct current side input end of the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine through a copper bus, an insulation protection cover is arranged outside the bus, and a direct current circuit breaker is installed, so that when overcurrent or short circuit fault occurs, the circuit is cut off to protect the battery pack and the converter equipment. The three-level BMS system of the energy storage module communicates with the control network port of the energy management module through an RS485 bus, and the BMS uploads the data such as single battery voltage, module temperature, SOC and SOH once every 100 ms; the energy management module issues instructions such as charging and discharging current limit, active balancing start and fault protection level switching, and when it is detected that SOC≤20%, the photovoltaic priority charging mode is automatically triggered. In the battery cabin of the energy storage module, the combustible gas detector and the temperature sensor are connected to the signal acquisition unit of the multi-level safety protection module through a hard wire; at the same time, the safety protection module is connected with the fire fighting interface of the energy storage module through a relay output end, when it is detected that the combustible gas concentration is greater than or equal to 500 ppm or the temperature is greater than or equal to 60℃, the energy storage module is immediately sent a stop charging and discharging instruction, and the gas fire extinguishing system is started.

[0062] Emergency power reserve: The energy storage module is the core energy storage carrier of the mine emergency power supply, and reserves sufficient power (according to the power demand of the key load of the mine, the number of containers is configured), and quickly releases the electric energy when the main power supply is interrupted. The energy storage module realizes the following functions:

[0063] Wide temperature range stable power supply: Adapt to the extreme temperature and humidity environment of the surface / underground of the mine (such as low temperature in winter and high temperature on the surface in summer), and ensure that the battery performance does not attenuate in an emergency state.

[0064] The energy storage module adopts a liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container, which integrates a liquid cooling subsystem inside, controls the battery pack temperature at-30°C to +60°C through cooling liquid circulation heat exchange, and uses square aluminum shell lithium iron phosphate batteries as the battery core. Each 24 battery cores are connected in series to form a battery module, each 2 battery modules are configured with a combustible gas detector, and each 1m 2 A temperature sensor is arranged and connected to the multi-level safety protection module, and a fire fighting interface is arranged to receive the fire extinguishing starting instruction of the safety protection module, and trigger the perfluorohexone gas fire extinguishing subsystem in the cabin;

[0065] The liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container integrates a three-level BMS subsystem, including a battery monitoring circuit, a slave control unit, and a master control unit; the battery monitoring circuit is used to collect real-time single data, the slave control unit is used to calculate SOC / SOH and realize active balancing, and the master control unit is used to trigger 1-3 level fault protection.

[0066] The liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container is provided with a liquid cooling pipe / heat exchange plate close to the battery module, a quick connector is used to realize fast plug-in connection of the cooling liquid, an elastic buffer structure is arranged between the modules, and a laser welding process is used to connect the modules, thereby reducing the risk of circulating flow and ensuring the consistency of the battery in cooperation with the temperature control system. As shown in Figure 2 The liquid cooling subsystem includes a compressor, an evaporator, and a condenser, which is used to adapt to the extreme temperature and humidity environment of the surface / underground of the mine, has two modes of refrigeration cycle and water cooling cycle, and specifically:

[0067] Refrigeration cycle: The compressor drives the refrigerant circulation, absorbs the water cooling cycle heat in the evaporator, releases heat to the air through the condenser, forms a closed refrigeration circuit, and provides a cold source for the water cooling cycle;

[0068] Water cooling cycle: The cooling liquid is driven by a pump, flows through the battery module through the corresponding functional liquid cooling pipe / heat exchange plate of the water cooling plate, absorbs the heat generated by the battery charging and discharging, and then returns to the evaporator to exchange heat with the refrigerant to complete heat transfer.

[0069] Battery management system (BMS) collects the temperature of the battery cell (through the temperature sensor in the module) in real time, and links the liquid cooling system. When the temperature is high, the pump speed and compressor power are increased to enhance the refrigeration. When the temperature is low, the liquid cooling can be switched to heating mode to ensure the activity of the battery in the environment of -30℃ to +60℃. When the BMS detects the precursor of thermal runaway, it immediately triggers the liquid cooling system to run at full load, and sends an alarm to the safety protection module, and links the fire prevention plan.

[0070] (3) Energy storage, converter and voltage booster integrated machine

[0071] The energy storage, converter and voltage booster integrated machine is used to convert the direct current of the energy storage module into alternating current, supply power to the mine emergency support module through an alternating current cable / high voltage cabinet, receive the operation mode and frequency modulation instruction of the energy management module, and feedback the output parameters.

[0072] The alternating current output end of the energy storage, converter and voltage booster integrated machine is connected to the power input end of the mine emergency support module through a high voltage cable or a low voltage cable. A lightning arrester is arranged at both ends of the cable to prevent lightning overvoltage. A high voltage ring network cabinet is arranged on the high voltage side to support load distribution when multiple integrated machines are connected in parallel. The PCS control unit of the energy storage, converter and voltage booster integrated machine is connected to the control network of the energy management module through Ethernet to upload the operation parameters such as output voltage, current, frequency and power factor in real time. The PCS control unit receives the frequency modulation instruction and grid-connected / off-grid switching instruction issued by the energy management module. When the main power supply is interrupted, the energy management module issues an off-grid operation instruction, and the integrated machine immediately switches to the emergency power supply mode.

[0073] The energy storage, converter and voltage booster integrated machine takes bidirectional DC / AC as the core, integrates filtering, protection and switching circuits, realizes bidirectional conversion between the direct current of the energy storage battery and the alternating current of the power grid, and adapts to the power scheduling demand of the mine emergency power supply. Specifically,

[0074] As shown in Figure 3 In the energy storage, converter and voltage booster integrated machine, the positive and negative poles of the energy storage battery are first connected to a direct current EMI filter to filter electromagnetic interference, and a direct current lightning arrester is connected in parallel to the ground for surge protection. The output end of the direct current EMI filter is connected in parallel with a soft start circuit and a direct current contactor. The output of the parallel unit is connected to a bidirectional DC / AC converter, and the output end of the bidirectional DC / AC converter is connected to an LCL filter. The LCL filter is connected to an alternating current relay 1 and an alternating current relay 2 in sequence, and an alternating current EMI filter is connected in series to further purify the alternating current. An alternating current lightning arrester is connected in parallel to the ground. Finally, the processed alternating current is connected to the power grid or the load through the output end to form a complete path from the direct current input of the battery to the alternating current output. The working process is as follows:

[0075] ① Charging process (AC to DC): When the grid charges the energy storage battery, the AC power of the grid first passes through the AC lightning protection device to prevent lightning and other surge voltages from entering the equipment. Then, it passes through the AC EMI filter to further filter out electromagnetic interference, and then sequentially passes through the AC relay 2, the AC relay 1 and the LCL filter to filter out high-frequency harmonics. After that, the AC power enters the bidirectional DC / AC converter, where it is rectified into DC power. After the rectified DC power passes through the DC contactor (when the soft start circuit is not working) and the DC EMI filter to filter out residual interference, it charges the energy storage battery.

[0076] ② Discharging process (DC to AC): When the energy storage battery discharges, the DC power output by the battery first passes through the DC lightning protection device and the DC EMI filter to filter out electromagnetic interference and prevent lightning and other surges. Then, it passes through the DC contactor and the soft start circuit (the soft start circuit works when starting, and the DC contactor is closed to short-circuit the soft start circuit when stable). It then enters the bidirectional DC / AC converter. In the bidirectional DC / AC converter, the DC power is inverted into AC power. The inverted AC power passes through the LCL filter to filter out high-frequency harmonics, and then sequentially passes through the AC relay 1, the AC relay 2 and the AC EMI filter to further filter out interference and meet the power quality requirements. Finally, the processed AC power is output through the output terminals (U, V, W) to power the load or be connected to the grid.

[0077] ③ Switching between operating modes: When switching from grid-connected operation mode to off-grid operation mode, the AC relay 1 is opened to disconnect the connection with the grid, and the AC relay 2 is closed to connect the device with the load, achieving off-grid power supply for the load. Conversely, when switching from off-grid operation mode to grid-connected operation mode, the AC relay 2 is opened and the AC relay 1 is closed, connecting the device with the grid, which can charge or send power to the grid. At the same time, during the entire working process, the filters continue to work to protect the internal circuits of the device from electromagnetic interference, and the lightning protection devices are always ready to respond to lightning and other surge voltage impacts to ensure safe and stable operation of the device.

[0078] (4) Energy management module

[0079] The energy management module is used to issue control instructions to the photovoltaic power generation module, the energy storage module, the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, and the mine emergency support module through the industrial Ethernet / RS485, receive state data of each module, and trigger emergency switching and load grading strategy.

[0080] The energy management module is connected with the switching control unit of the mine emergency guarantee module through an optical fiber, and real-time acquisition of mine main power voltage and running state of each load is realized. When the main power voltage drops to below 70% of the rated value, the energy management module issues an emergency switching instruction to trigger the rapid switching device of the mine emergency guarantee module, so as to ensure uninterrupted power supply of the load. The information network of the energy management module is connected with the monitoring port of the multi-level security protection module through an Ethernet gateway, and the security protection module uploads data such as fire-fighting system state, fire-fighting partition temperature and grounding resistance every 200 ms. When a fire-fighting fault occurs, the energy management module immediately issues an audible and visual alarm and pushes it to the mine operation and maintenance platform, and at the same time adjusts the system operation mode to reduce the safety risk.

[0081] The energy management module adopts a dual-network redundant architecture of control network + information network,

[0082] The control network selects an industrial Ethernet switch to connect the energy storage module, energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, multi-level security protection module and mine emergency guarantee module to ensure real-time command transmission. The information network adopts a gigabit Ethernet switch to connect the data storage server and the mine operation and maintenance platform to realize data acquisition and remote monitoring.

[0083] The energy management module integrates a coordinated controller to realize the following functions through a preset algorithm:

[0084] (1) Primary frequency regulation: When the emergency load power fluctuates, the energy storage discharge power regulation instruction is calculated and issued to maintain the voltage frequency stability at 50 Hz ± 0.2 Hz.

[0085] (2) Precise load shedding: The logic is preset according to the priority of the mine load (first level: ventilation / drainage, second level: monitoring / communication, third level: auxiliary lighting), and the non-critical load is cut off through the relay output when the main power is interrupted, and the response time is ≤0.1 s.

[0086] (3) Photovoltaic consumption optimization: dynamically track the AGC instruction, suppress the photovoltaic power fluctuation (fluctuation amplitude ≤5% / min) through the PID algorithm, and compensate the photovoltaic prediction curve deviation based on the historical data.

[0087] (5) Mine emergency guarantee module

[0088] The mine emergency guarantee module is used to access the AC power of the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine through the rapid switching device when the main power is interrupted, to supply power to the critical load, to feed back the load state to the energy management module, and to upload the electrical abnormal signal to the multi-level security protection module.

[0089] The load monitoring unit of the mine emergency guarantee module is connected to the leakage protection unit of the multi-level safety protection module through a hard line. When leakage occurs in the underground load, the safety protection module triggers the leakage circuit breaker to trip and sends a load cutting instruction to the mine emergency guarantee module. At the same time, the state of the rapid switching device of the emergency guarantee module is uploaded to the safety protection module through passive contacts, ensuring reliable switching action and avoiding equipment damage caused by load switching. The mine emergency guarantee module realizes the following functions:

[0090] Emergency switching and power supply: the mine emergency guarantee module quickly switches to the energy storage power supply mode when the main power supply is interrupted, ensuring that the key loads of the mine (ventilation, drainage, monitoring, communication) are not interrupted.

[0091] Load adaptation and protection: the mine emergency guarantee module provides stable voltage / current output according to the characteristics of the mine load (such as inductive load, impact load), avoiding load damage.

[0092] The mine emergency guarantee module includes a rapid switching device and a state monitoring feedback unit;

[0093] The rapid switching device is configured with an ATS, which monitors the main power supply voltage in real time through a voltage monitoring module. When the voltage drops to below 70% of the rated value, the ATS triggers mechanical interlocking switching. The voltage phase detection unit built-in the rapid switching device ensures that the voltage phase difference is less than the set value during grid-connected switching;

[0094] The state monitoring feedback unit module is built-in with a current transformer and a voltage sensor, which uploads the load current, voltage, and power data to the energy management module through an RS485 bus. When overcurrent or short circuit of the load is detected, an alarm signal is immediately sent to the multi-level safety protection module to trigger leakage protection.

[0095] (6) Multi-level safety protection module

[0096] The multi-level safety protection module is used to connect with the energy storage module and the mine emergency guarantee module to monitor the safety state, and the energy management module is used to implement fire prevention, fire prevention, and electrical protection for each module to ensure the safety of the whole system.

[0097] As shown in Figure 4 , the multi-level safety protection module adopts a three-level fire protection design, specifically including:

[0098] First-level early warning: early abnormalities are detected by the battery heat smoke / warmth detector and gas fire extinguishing controller in the battery cabin, triggering the sending of a first-level fire alarm signal to the fire control room and the battery management system, starting the sound and light early warning, and prompting the abnormality but not reaching the fire extinguishing condition;

[0099] Secondary fire alarm: When the battery heat and smoke / temperature sensing are triggered simultaneously or the gas fire extinguishing controller triggers a secondary fire alarm, it is determined that the fire is confirmed, and after triggering, it sends a secondary fire alarm signal to the fire control room and BMS, and links to cut off the non-fire power supply, starts the emergency ventilation, and enters the fire extinguishing preparation; The fire alarm signal is uploaded to the energy management module (EMS) at the same time, and the EMS triggers the strategy of limiting energy storage charging and discharging, cutting off non-critical loads, etc., to reduce the risk of electric energy during the fire and ensure that the core function of the mine emergency power supply does not be interrupted.

[0100] Manual intervention priority: After the secondary fire alarm is triggered, the system enters a 0-30S delay to determine whether there is a value-keeping personnel on site, if there is personnel, whether to start the gas fire extinguishing is decided manually, if there is no personnel, the automatic fire extinguishing process is executed, the pressure switch is triggered to act, the alarm is sounded, and the gas fire extinguishing is started; After the extinguishing agent is released, the pressure switch feedbacks the extinguishing signal, the BMS synchronously records the fire fighting event, the fire control room displays the extinguishing state, and the process is traceable.

[0101] Ventilation control: The gas is monitored by the H2 / CO gas detector, when the set low concentration is reached, manual entry into the site is allowed, the system is reset and the ventilation system is automatically closed, or the ventilation is maintained until the concentration meets the standard; When the set high concentration is reached, the audible and visual alarm is triggered to act continuously, personnel are prohibited from entering, and forced ventilation is performed until the concentration falls, ensuring the safety of operation and maintenance.

[0102] When the secondary fire alarm is triggered, the ventilation system is automatically closed to prevent fresh air from assisting combustion and spreading the fire. After the fire is extinguished, the ventilation system is opened by the low concentration alarm to remove residual extinguishing agent and harmful gas, and the ventilation system is automatically closed by the high concentration alarm until the personnel can enter or the system can be restarted.

[0103] As shown in Figure 5 The application also provides a mine emergency method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, based on the mine emergency power supply system as described above, the method specifically comprises:

[0104] S1, daily energy storage and system monitoring (when the main power supply is normal)

[0105] During normal period of main power supply, photovoltaic power generation module absorbs light energy through high-resistance single-crystal silicon components, controls output voltage at 1164.8-1497.6V through series connection to match the demand of energy storage module DC side, and tracks maximum photovoltaic power through tracking MPPT controller to charge energy storage module through DC cable; energy storage module controls battery temperature at-30℃-+60℃ through liquid cooling temperature control system, three-level BMS system collects single cell voltage and module temperature in real time, calculates SOC / SOH and realizes active balancing with equalization current≥1A, and maintains SOC≥80% daily to reserve sufficient emergency power; energy management module receives photovoltaic power generation module output power, energy storage module SOC and energy storage converter boost integrated machine operating parameters through dual-network redundant architecture (control network + information network), synchronously issues power regulation instructions, and uploads data to mine operation and maintenance platform in real time for operation and maintenance personnel to monitor system status through touch screen or remote interface monitoring system.

[0106] S2, emergency triggering and quick switching (when main power supply is interrupted)

[0107] When main power supply is interrupted, voltage monitoring module in mine emergency guarantee module monitors that main power supply voltage drops to 70% or less of rated value in real time, immediately sends main power supply interruption signal to energy management module; energy management module responds quickly, synchronously issues two-way instructions: one-way sends off-grid operation instruction to energy storage converter boost integrated machine to make it disconnect grid-connected switch and switch to emergency output mode to stabilize voltage frequency; another-way sends emergency switching instruction to mine emergency guarantee module to trigger ATS automatic transfer switch to execute mechanical interlocking switching, switches key loads such as mine ventilator, drainage pump and monitoring from main power supply to output end of energy storage converter boost integrated machine, avoids load shutdown.

[0108] S3, hierarchical emergency power supply and load guarantee (emergency power supply stage)

[0109] In emergency power supply stage, energy management module executes load shedding strategy according to load priority, preferentially supplies power to primary load (ventilator, main drainage pump), cuts off tertiary load (auxiliary lighting) through relay output end, and gradually puts in secondary load (monitoring, communication) if SOC of energy storage module≥50%; at the same time, energy storage module outputs DC power to energy storage converter boost integrated machine through DC bus, PCS in energy storage converter boost integrated machine inverts DC power into AC power, then adapts load voltage through step-up transformer, and controls harmonic content at THD≤3% through LCL filter; if light condition meets during emergency, energy management module triggers photovoltaic- energy storage combined emergency mode, photovoltaic power generation module directly supplements power to DC side of energy storage converter boost integrated machine, stores excess power into energy storage module if photovoltaic power≥load power, and supplements insufficient part by energy storage module if photovoltaic power<load power, to ensure that load power fluctuation amplitude≤3%.

[0110] S4, security protection linkage

[0111] During the emergency, the multi-level security protection module continuously monitors the battery cabin of the energy storage module. If the concentration detected by the flammable gas detector in the detection range is greater than or equal to 500 ppm, or the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is greater than or equal to 60°C, the perfluorohexone gas fire extinguishing system is triggered immediately through a hard line, and a fault alarm is sent to the energy management module to suspend the charging and discharging of the energy storage. If the current transformer in the mine emergency support module detects overcurrent or short circuit of the load, it quickly sends a signal to the security protection module to trigger the residual current operated protector to cut off the fault load circuit to protect the equipment and personnel safety. The low voltage ride through (LVRT) device of the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine also continuously works. Even if the grid voltage drops to 0% for a short time, it can still maintain grid-connected operation to avoid interruption of emergency power supply.

[0112] S5, main power recovery and system reset (after emergency)

[0113] When the main power is restored to normal, the voltage monitoring module of the mine emergency support module sends a main power recovery signal to the energy management module. The energy management module issues a recovery grid-connected command, and the ATS switching device of the mine emergency support module switches the load from energy storage power supply back to main power supply, and the energy storage converter and booster integrated machine is switched to grid-connected mode at the same time. Then the energy management module checks the SOC of the energy storage module. If the SOC is less than or equal to 80%, the photovoltaic power generation module is instructed to charge the energy storage module first until the SOC rises above 80%. At the same time, the system automatically records the emergency duration, load power supply data, and battery consumption, generates an emergency report, and uploads it to the mine operation and maintenance platform. The operation and maintenance personnel check the status of each module such as the remaining amount of fire extinguishing agent and the battery health, and finally complete the system reset and restore the daily operation mode.

[0114] It should be noted that in this document, the terms "comprise", "comprise", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, so that a process, device, article or method comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or inherent to such a process, device, article or method. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "comprises a" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in the process, device, article or method comprising the element.

[0115] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields based on the content of the specification and drawings, is also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, characterized in that, The system includes a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage module, an energy management module, an integrated energy storage converter and booster unit, a multi-level safety protection module, and a mine emergency support module. The photovoltaic power generation module is connected to the energy storage module and the energy management module. The energy storage module is connected to the integrated energy storage converter and booster unit, the energy management module, and the multi-level safety protection module. The energy management module is connected to the integrated energy storage converter and booster unit, the multi-level safety protection module, and the mine emergency support module. The integrated energy storage converter and booster unit is also connected to the mine emergency support module, and the multi-level safety protection module is also connected to the mine emergency support module. The photovoltaic power generation module is used to charge the energy storage module via a DC cable during normal operation, and to coordinate auxiliary power supply through the energy management module in emergency situations. It also uploads power data to the energy management module and receives its power adjustment instructions. The energy storage module is used to output DC power to the integrated energy storage converter and boost converter through the DC bus, receive charging, discharging and protection commands from the energy management module, feed back battery status data to it, and work in conjunction with the multi-level safety protection module to achieve fire early warning and protection. The integrated energy storage converter and booster unit is used to convert the DC power of the energy storage module into AC power, supply power to the mine emergency support module through AC cable / high voltage cabinet, receive the operating mode and frequency modulation command of the energy management module, and feed back output parameters; The energy management module is used to send control commands to the photovoltaic power generation module, energy storage module, energy storage converter and booster integrated machine and mine emergency support module via industrial Ethernet / RS485, receive status data of each module, and trigger emergency switching and load classification strategies. The mine emergency support module is used to connect to the AC power of the energy storage converter and booster unit through a fast switching device when the main power is interrupted, to supply power to the critical load, to feed back the load status to the energy management module, and to upload electrical abnormality signals to the multi-level safety protection module. The multi-level safety protection module is used to connect with the energy storage module and the mine emergency support module to monitor the safety status. Combined with the energy management module, it implements fire protection, fire prevention and electrical protection for each module to ensure the safety of the system in all scenarios.

2. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation module uses monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, which are connected in series to form multiple photovoltaic strings. The output voltage of each string matches the DC side requirements of the energy storage module. Each string is equipped with an MPPT controller to track the maximum photovoltaic power point in real time. The photovoltaic power generation module has a built-in power monitoring unit and temperature sensor, and is connected to the energy management module via industrial Ethernet to upload photovoltaic output power, module temperature, and irradiance data. It also receives power adjustment commands from the energy management module. When the main power supply to the mine is normal, the photovoltaic power generation module converts photovoltaic power into DC power to charge the energy storage module; when the main power supply to the mine is interrupted and the energy storage module is low on power, the energy management module coordinates to directly provide auxiliary power to critical emergency loads.

3. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage module uses a liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container, which integrates a liquid-cooling subsystem. It uses a circulating coolant to control the battery pack temperature between -30℃ and +60℃. The battery cells are square aluminum-cased lithium iron phosphate batteries, with 24 cells connected in series to form one battery module. Every two battery modules are equipped with one combustible gas detector. Every 1m... 2 A temperature sensor is set up and connected to the multi-level safety protection module. At the same time, a fire interface is set up to receive the fire extinguishing start command of the safety protection module and trigger the perfluorohexanone gas fire extinguishing subsystem in the cabin. The liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container integrates a three-level BMS subsystem, including a battery monitoring circuit, a slave control unit, and a master control unit. The battery monitoring circuit is used to collect individual cell data in real time, the slave control unit is used to calculate SOC / SOH and achieve active balancing, and the master control unit is used to trigger level 1-3 fault protection.

4. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid-cooled lithium iron phosphate battery container is equipped with liquid-cooled pipes / heat exchange plates closely attached to the battery modules, and quick-connect couplings are used to achieve quick-connect cooling. The liquid-cooling subsystem includes a compressor, evaporator, and condenser, designed to adapt to the extreme temperature and humidity environments of the mine surface / underground, and features both refrigeration and water-cooling cycles. Refrigeration cycle: The compressor drives the refrigerant circulation, absorbs heat from the water cooling cycle in the evaporator, and releases heat to the air through the condenser, forming a closed refrigeration loop and providing a cold source for the water cooling cycle; Water-cooled circulation: The coolant is driven by a pump, flows through the liquid-cooled pipes / heat exchange plates corresponding to the water-cooled plate, passes through the battery module, absorbs the heat generated by the charging and discharging of the battery, and then returns to the evaporator to exchange heat with the refrigerant and cool down, thus completing the heat transfer.

5. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy management module adopts a dual-network redundancy architecture of control network + information network. The control network uses industrial Ethernet switches to connect the energy storage module, the energy storage converter and boost converter, the multi-level safety protection module, and the mine emergency support module to ensure real-time command transmission; the information network uses gigabit Ethernet switches to connect to the data storage server and the mine operation and maintenance platform to realize data acquisition and remote monitoring. The energy management module integrates a coordination controller and implements a preset algorithm: (1) When the emergency load power fluctuates, calculate and issue an energy storage discharge power adjustment command to maintain voltage frequency stability; (2) According to the preset logic of mine load priority, when the main power supply is interrupted, non-critical loads are cut off through the relay output terminal, and the cut-off response time is short. (3) Dynamically track AGC commands, smooth out photovoltaic power fluctuations through PID algorithm, and compensate for photovoltaic prediction curve deviations based on historical data.

6. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the energy storage converter-boost integrated unit, the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage battery are first connected to a DC EMI filter to filter out electromagnetic interference, and a DC surge protector is connected in parallel for grounding for surge protection. A soft-start circuit and a DC contactor are connected in parallel at the output of the DC EMI filter. The output of this parallel unit is connected to a bidirectional DC / AC converter, and its output is connected to an LCL filter. The LCL filter is connected in sequence to AC relay 1 and AC relay 2. A subsequent series AC EMI filter further purifies the AC power, and an AC surge protector is connected in parallel for grounding. Finally, the processed AC power is connected to the power grid or load through the output, forming a complete path from the battery DC input to the AC output. During charging, the AC power from the grid passes through an AC surge protector, an AC EMI filter, an AC relay, and an LCL filter before entering the bidirectional DC / AC converter. After being rectified into DC power, it passes through a DC contactor and a DC EMI filter to charge the energy storage battery. During discharging, the DC power from the battery passes through a DC surge protector, a DC EMI filter, and a DC contactor before entering the bidirectional DC / AC converter and being inverted into AC power. This AC power then passes through an LCL filter, an AC relay, and an AC EMI filter before being output to the load or the grid. During operation, the filter continuously purifies the electrical energy, the surge protector resists surges, and the relay quickly switches between grid-connected and off-grid states according to the instructions from the energy management module.

7. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mine emergency support module includes a rapid switching device and a status monitoring and feedback unit; The fast switching device is equipped with an ATS, which monitors the main power supply voltage in real time through a voltage monitoring module. When the voltage drops below 70% of the rated value, the ATS triggers a mechanical interlocking switch. The fast switching device has a built-in voltage phase detection unit to ensure that the voltage phase difference is less than the set value during grid-connected switching. The status monitoring feedback unit module has a built-in current transformer and voltage sensor, and uploads the current, voltage and power data of each load to the energy management module through the RS485 bus; when an overcurrent or short circuit is detected in the load, it immediately sends an alarm signal to the multi-level safety protection module to trigger leakage protection.

8. The mine emergency power supply system based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-level safety protection module adopts a three-level fire protection design, specifically including: Level 1 warning: Early abnormalities are detected by the battery thermal smoke / temperature detector and gas extinguishing controller in the battery compartment. Once triggered, a Level 1 fire alarm signal is sent to the fire control room and battery management system, and an audible and visual warning is activated to indicate the abnormality but not to the point that the fire extinguishing conditions have been met. Level 2 fire alarm: When the battery thermal / smoke / heat sensor is triggered simultaneously or the gas extinguishing controller is activated at level 2, the fire is confirmed. After triggering, a level 2 fire alarm signal is sent to the fire control room and BMS, and non-fire-fighting power is cut off, emergency ventilation is activated, and fire extinguishing preparation is initiated. Manual intervention priority: After a level 2 fire alarm is triggered, the system enters a 0-30 second delay to determine whether there are personnel on duty at the scene. If there are personnel, a manual decision is made on whether to activate the gas extinguishing system; if there are no personnel, the extinguishing process is automatically executed, triggering the pressure switch, igniting the gas valve to release the alarm, and activating the gas extinguishing system. Ventilation control: H2 / CO gas detectors monitor the gas levels. At low concentrations, manual entry is permitted; the system automatically shuts off after a reset. At high concentrations, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, prohibiting entry and forcing ventilation until the concentration drops, ensuring operational safety. After fire suppression, a low-concentration alarm triggers the ventilation system to open, expelling residual extinguishing agent and harmful gases. A high-concentration alarm then forces ventilation to close / open until conditions for personnel entry or system restart are met.

9. A mine emergency response method based on photovoltaic and energy storage coupling, based on the mine emergency power system according to any one of claims 1-8, the method specifically comprising: S1. The photovoltaic power generation module charges the energy storage module. Data from the photovoltaic power generation module, energy storage module, energy storage converter and booster integrated machine, multi-level safety protection module and mine emergency support module are uploaded to the energy management module in real time. Operation and maintenance personnel remotely monitor the system to reserve power for emergencies and ensure system stability. S2. When the main power supply voltage drops and triggers a signal, the energy management module switches to complete the seamless switching of the load from the main power supply to the energy storage converter and boost converter, thus avoiding load shutdown. S3. Power supply is prioritized according to load. The energy storage module converts electrical energy into power for the load through the integrated energy storage converter and boost converter. When the sunlight meets the standard, photovoltaic auxiliary energy is provided to ensure stable load power. S4. Monitor the battery compartment and load status throughout the process. In case of abnormality, fire extinguishing and leakage protection measures will be triggered. The energy storage converter and booster unit ensures uninterrupted power supply to protect the safety of equipment and personnel. S5. After the main power supply is restored, switch back to the main power supply, prioritize photovoltaic energy replenishment until the energy storage SOC is ≥80%, record emergency data and check the equipment, and complete the system reset.

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