Intelligent medicine box based on medicine taking effectiveness evaluation and compliance management and use method of intelligent medicine box

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent medicine box based on medicine taking effectiveness evaluation and compliance management and a use method of the intelligent medicine box, and belongs to the field of medical instruments. The intelligent medicine box is composed of a host and a medicine storage tray, and the host and the medicine storage tray conduct data interaction through an elastic piece connector. A microprocessor and a power supply module connected with the microprocessor are arranged in the host; the medicine storage tray is provided with a medicine storage tray placing table, and the medicine storage tray placing table is connected with the bottom of the medicine storage tray; and a microprocessor and a sensing device connected with the microprocessor are arranged in the medicine storage tray. Magnets are mounted at the bottoms of the medicine storage bottles and used for detecting whether the medicine storage bottles exist in the current medicine storage grids or not. The product has the functions of automatically reminding the medicine taking time in an acousto-optic manner, recording the medicine taking time, the medicine taking type and the medicine taking dosage in the medicine taking process, and through data linkage with a chronic disease management platform and in combination with health monitoring data of a medicine taker, a doctor can evaluate the effectiveness of the medicine taker after the medicine taker takes the medicine, and scientific data support is provided for the correct diagnosis and treatment process of a patient.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical devices, specifically to an intelligent pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management, and its usage method. [Background Technology]

[0002] The number of people suffering from chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes is increasing nationwide every year. Patients with chronic diseases need to take medication regularly and in the prescribed amounts every day. However, middle-aged patients may not be able to take their medication on time or may take it incorrectly (e.g., incorrect dosage, wrong medication) due to busy work and life schedules, or elderly patients may not be able to take their medication on time or may take it incorrectly due to cognitive decline and memory loss. The probability of medication errors is even higher for elderly patients, especially those living alone and not with their children.

[0003] Any incorrect medication use poses a hidden danger and harms health. Therefore, it is necessary to remind patients of their medication use and monitor and record their behavior. Furthermore, the efficacy of the medication can be evaluated by referring to the timing and behavior of medication administration.

[0004] Currently, home medicine boxes are available on the market, but their function is limited to storing medicines. Patients are responsible for filling the boxes themselves, and there are no good solutions for controlling medication time, recording whether medication has been taken, and ensuring the correctness of the medicine filling.

[0005] In the healthcare field, patient medication adherence is a crucial factor affecting treatment outcomes. In traditional drug therapy, patients often forget to take their medication at the correct time, dosage, or treatment duration, leading to poor treatment results and even drug resistance. This is especially true in the management of chronic diseases such as tuberculosis, hypertension, and diabetes, where long-term, standardized medication adherence is paramount.

[0006] In recent years, with the development of electronic technology and the internet, smart pillboxes have emerged as an effective tool for improving patient medication adherence. Smart pillboxes typically have functions such as medication storage, timed reminders, and data recording, helping patients take their medication on time and in the correct dosage. Most existing smart pillboxes on the market utilize microcontroller technology, sensor technology, and communication technology, using preset reminder mechanisms and medication management programs to monitor and guide patients' medication behavior.

[0007] However, existing smart pillboxes still have certain limitations in terms of medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management. On the one hand, while the reminder function of the pillbox can improve the timeliness of patients taking their medication, there is a lack of effective supervision as to whether patients actually take their medication as reminded. On the other hand, data such as medication usage, remaining dosage, and expiration date are not fully utilized, failing to provide comprehensive medication adherence analysis for patients and healthcare services.

[0008] In terms of market conditions, the demand for smart pillboxes is growing rapidly due to the aging population and the increasing number of patients with chronic diseases. Simultaneously, the widespread adoption of mobile internet and the application of big data technology have made it possible to expand the functionality of smart pillboxes and conduct in-depth data analysis. Currently, smart pillboxes are still in a stage of rapid development in both domestic and international markets, with fierce market competition. Continuous optimization of product functions and performance has become a focus for major manufacturers and research institutions.

[0009] In conclusion, how to achieve effective monitoring of patients' medication behavior and precise management of medication adherence through technological innovation is an important issue in the current research and development of smart pillboxes.

[0010] Chinese patent application CN209864630U discloses a smart pillbox and a smart pillbox system. The smart pillbox includes an outer shell, which comprises a top cover and a box body. The top cover has a sliding opening structure. The box body includes a pillbox unit slot and pillbox units. The pillbox units are disposed within the pillbox unit slot and have a unit indicator light. A control circuit board is disposed within the outer shell. A medication reminder device and a built-in battery are also included. This smart pillbox is simple and smooth to operate and can promptly remind users to take their medication. The smart pillbox system includes the aforementioned smart pillbox; a mobile terminal that can communicate with the smart pillbox; a mini-program terminal; and a server configured to communicate with both the smart pillbox and the mobile terminal. This smart pillbox system ensures timely reminders for users to take their medication on time. Furthermore, the server can monitor and record relevant medication parameters and generate scientific medication evaluation reports for the user. However, the following technical issues exist: Although the smart pillbox is equipped with a medication reminder device and a server to monitor and record medication parameters, its technical implementation may rely too much on mobile terminals and mini-programs, which increases the complexity of user operation and may not work properly in an environment without network, affecting the user's timely medication reminder service.

[0011] Patent application CN106361565A discloses a portable, pre-filled smart pillbox and its system. The pillbox has a lid, a transparent display lens, and buttons on the top. A display PCB board is fixedly mounted on the pillbox and connected to a magnetic stepper motor, a sensor PCB board, and a battery. A dispensing cylinder is connected to the bottom of the pillbox, and a spring seat is provided on the dispensing cylinder. The pillbox and the dispensing cylinder are supported by a spring. A ball screw is located inside the spring seat, acting on a dispensing turntable. The magnetic stepper motor is connected to the display PCB board. The dispensing turntable is driven by a motor. A pill drawer is located at the bottom of the pillbox. A sensor PCB board is located at the rear of the pill drawer. The advantages of this invention are: it can record medication data; it also helps patients with post-visit self-management; and finally, it can feed data from the user terminal to the doctor's terminal, facilitating doctors to help patients with post-visit self-management. However, in practical applications, the following technical problems often exist: the medicine box lid is fixed by a hinge, which may lead to decreased structural stability and easy damage due to frequent opening and closing over long-term use; in addition, the sealing performance of the medicine box relies on food-grade silicone, which may fail in extreme environments, affecting the safety of drug storage. The medicine box relies on mechanical components such as magnetic stepper motors for dispensing medicine, which may be subject to mechanical failure, and physical wear during the dispensing process may lead to inaccurate drug dosage; at the same time, the data feedback mechanism relies on a sensing PCB board, which may be subject to signal interference in complex environments, leading to unstable data transmission.

[0012] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the concept and technical solution of this invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. [Summary of the Invention]

[0013] The purpose of this invention is to propose a smart pillbox and its usage method based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management. It aims to solve the problems of existing pillboxes, such as the inability to ensure patients correctly fill their own pills, automatic reminders for medication time, recording of medication time and medication type during administration, and closed-loop feedback on medication effectiveness after administration. The smart pillbox is filled by a professional medical institution. During filling, the electronic prescription and the patient's identity information are written into the storage tray. After the storage tray is inserted into the smart pillbox's main unit, it is compared with the patient's information stored in the main unit. If the information matches, the medication in the storage tray is determined to be the medication that the current patient should take. Through prescription verification and patient information verification during professional drug delivery, ineffective medication due to patient errors, and even life-threatening consequences, can be avoided.

[0014] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0015] A smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management comprises a main unit and a pill storage tray. The main unit and the pill storage tray interact with each other via a spring connector. The main unit contains a microprocessor and a power module connected to it. The pill storage tray is equipped with a pill storage tray placement platform connected to the bottom of the pill storage tray. The pill storage tray contains a microprocessor and a sensor connected to it. A magnet is installed at the bottom of the pill bottle to detect whether a pill bottle is present in the current pill storage compartment.

[0016] Furthermore, the aforementioned medicine storage tray is replaceable.

[0017] Furthermore, the medicine storage bottle is made of a light-transmitting material.

[0018] Furthermore, the host and the medicine storage tray are connected by a snap-fit ​​mechanism.

[0019] Furthermore, the power module includes an indicator light module, a button module, a wireless module, and a battery module.

[0020] Furthermore, the wireless module includes one or more of WIFI, 4G network, and Bluetooth modules.

[0021] Furthermore, the lower part of the medicine storage tray placement platform is provided with a medicine storage tray placement platform guide rail and a medicine storage tray placement platform guide rail.

[0022] Furthermore, the bottom of the medicine storage tray has a medicine storage tray guide groove.

[0023] Furthermore, the medicine storage tray placement platform is connected to the bottom of the medicine storage tray in a groove-type connection.

[0024] This invention also provides a method for using a smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Step 1: Set the medication reminder time by connecting the device (phone, tablet, etc.);

[0026] Step 2: When the predetermined time is reached, the smart pillbox will broadcast a voice reminder to take the medicine through the speaker, and the indicator light at the bottom of the corresponding medicine bottle will light up to provide light indication;

[0027] Step 3: The patient or their family member takes out the medicine bottle with the light on from the smart pillbox and takes the medicine. The smart pillbox saves the medication record. If the medicine bottle taken out is not the one with the light on, a voice prompt will play to remind the patient that they have taken the wrong medicine bottle. If the medicine bottle is not returned to its original position within a certain time, the incorrect medication will be recorded.

[0028] Step 4: Repeat the above steps until all the medicine in the medicine tray is used up, or the time exceeds the predetermined number of days; the main unit will make a voice announcement to remind you to replace the medicine tray.

[0029] Step 5: The software platform analyzes medication records and the usage time of the medication storage tray to determine if the medication storage tray needs to be updated, and the medical institution arranges for the delivery of a new medication storage tray to the patient.

[0030] Step 6: Abnormalities. If the user feels that the medication is not working well, or in other situations, they can report the issue to the software system platform by pressing the button on the smart pillbox.

[0031] Compared with existing technology products, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0032] 1. Compared with existing technologies, the product of this invention can provide drug delivery services, and can verify prescriptions electronically during the drug circulation process to avoid the problem of patients taking the wrong medication.

[0033] 2. The product of this invention features automatic audio-visual reminders for medication time, and records the medication time, type, and dosage during medication administration. By linking with data from a chronic disease management platform and combining it with the health monitoring data of the patient, doctors can evaluate the effectiveness of the medication and provide scientific data support for the patient's correct treatment process. [Attached Image Description]

[0034] Figure 1 This is a top view (combined state) of the smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a top view (in split state) of the smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a rear view of the smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a side view of the smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a right-side cross-sectional view of the smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management of the present invention.

[0040] Figure Labels

[0041] Figure 13. Dust cover; 13. Medicine tray lock button; 14. Main unit indicator light; 15. Main unit button;

[0042] Figure 2 1. Main unit; 2. Medicine tray; 4. Medicine bottle; 13. Medicine tray lock button; 14. Main unit indicator light; 15. Main unit button;

[0043] Figure 3 2. Medicine tray; 3. Dust cover; 4. Medicine bottle; 5. Medicine bottle sensor; 6. Medicine compartment indicator light; 7. Medicine tray sensor; 8. Medicine tray guide rail; 9. Medicine tray placement platform; 10. Medicine tray placement platform guide rail; 11. Medicine tray placement platform guide rail; 12. Medicine tray guide groove;

[0044] Figure 4 14. Main unit indicator light; 16. SIM card slot; 17. USB port; 18. Power port;

[0045] Figure 5 3. Dust cover; 13. Medicine tray lock button;

[0046] Figure 6 19. Main unit spring connector; 20. Medicine storage tray spring connector.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0047] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope or application of the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms “lower,” “inner,” “upper left,” “upper right,” etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this patent.

[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "composition," "connection," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or setting, a detachable connection or setting, or an integral connection or setting. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this patent according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] like Figure 1-6As shown, this invention proposes an intelligent pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management, consisting of a main unit 1 and a pill storage tray 2. The main unit 1 and the pill storage tray 2 are connected by a snap-fit ​​connection. The main unit spring connector 19 and the pill storage tray spring connector 20 connect the main unit and the pill storage tray for data interaction. The main unit 1 contains a microprocessor and a power module connected to it. The pill storage tray 2 is provided with a pill storage tray platform 9, which is connected to the bottom of the pill storage tray 2 in a slotted connection. The pill storage tray 2 contains a microprocessor and a sensor connected to it. A magnet is installed at the bottom of the pill bottle 4 to detect whether there is a pill bottle 4 in the current pill storage compartment.

[0051] The main unit 1 has an indicator light 14 located on the upper left to indicate its working status. To the left of the indicator light 14 are a power interface 18, a USB interface 17, and a SIM card slot 16. The main unit 1 has a button 15 located on the upper right to control its power. The main unit 1 is equipped with a dust cover 3 for dust protection. The main unit 1 has a speaker inside for voice reminders of medication and related prompts. The power module includes an indicator light module, a button module, a wireless module, and a battery module. The main unit 1 has WIFI, 4G network, and Bluetooth modules inside, supporting corresponding wireless connectivity functions.

[0052] The medicine storage tray 2 is equipped with a medicine storage tray guide rail 8, and the medicine storage tray 2 is replaceable; the medicine storage tray 2 is equipped with a medicine storage tray placement platform 9, and the lower part of the medicine storage tray placement platform 9 is equipped with a medicine storage tray placement platform guide rail 10 and a medicine storage tray placement platform guide rail 11, and the bottom of the medicine storage tray 2 has a medicine storage tray guide groove 12; the side of the main unit has a medicine storage tray locking button 13, and after the medicine storage tray 2 is pushed to the position along the guide rail, the medicine storage tray locking button 13 can lock the medicine storage tray 2.

[0053] The host 1 reads the electronic prescription stored in the medicine storage tray 2 through the spring connector interface to see if it matches the medication user's identity information stored in the host 1. If they do not match, an audible and visual alarm is issued; if they match, medication reminder and medication record functions are provided.

[0054] The medicine storage tray 2 is equipped with a medicine storage tray sensor 7 and 28 medicine storage compartments, which are used to place medicine bottles 4. Each medicine storage compartment is equipped with a medicine storage compartment indicator light 6 and a medicine bottle sensor 5 at the bottom. A magnet is installed at the bottom of the medicine bottle 4 to detect whether there is a medicine bottle 4 in the current medicine storage compartment. When the medication time set by the host 1 is reached, the medicine storage tray 2 lights up the indicator light at the bottom of the corresponding medicine bottle 4, and at the same time the host 1 speaker emits a voice medication reminder.

[0055] The medicine bottle 4 is made of a light-transmitting material, and the medicine compartment indicator light 6 can be seen through the medicine bottle 4 to clearly determine the indicated position.

[0056] As needed, the medicine storage tray can be set to once a day (1-28 days); twice a day (1-14 days); three times a day (1-7 days); or four times a day (1-7 days).

[0057] When using the medication, users can connect to the main unit via Bluetooth devices (phones, tablets) and set medication reminder times according to their needs on the APP, or doctors can set or change the reminder times on the software platform.

[0058] When the network is working properly, the host computer uploads its medication records to the medicine box management platform via WIFI or 4G network. The platform receives, saves, and displays the relevant medication records.

[0059] In cases where Wi-Fi and 4G network connections are unavailable, the host device can connect to a Bluetooth device (phone, tablet) and use Bluetooth as a gateway to upload medication records to the software platform via the phone's wireless network.

[0060] The software platform stores medication records and provides services such as chronic disease management, electronic prescriptions, and medication delivery management. The main unit provides quantitative reminders based on the quantity of medication stored in the storage tray. When the tray expires, the reminder service stops, and an audio prompt indicating the tray's expiration plays when the user retrieves the medication. Simultaneously, the software platform pushes the expired information to the user's family members and their contracted doctor's mobile phone or tablet app. At the same time, the contracted doctor re-prescribes the medication based on the user's health monitoring data, dispenses it, and delivers it to the user's home, reducing the frequency of visits to the hospital for prescriptions and medication pickups for users (especially elderly patients and those with mobility issues).

[0061] A method for using a smart pillbox based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Set the medication reminder time by connecting the device (phone, tablet, etc.);

[0063] Step 2: When the predetermined time is reached, the smart pillbox will broadcast a voice reminder to take the medicine through the speaker, and the indicator light at the bottom of the corresponding medicine bottle will light up to provide light indication;

[0064] Step 3: The patient or their family member takes out the medicine bottle with the light on from the smart pillbox and takes the medicine. The smart pillbox saves the medication record. If the medicine bottle taken out is not the one with the light on, a voice prompt will play to remind the patient that they have taken the wrong medicine bottle. If the medicine bottle is not returned to its original position within a certain time, the incorrect medication will be recorded.

[0065] Step 4: Repeat steps 1-3 until all the medicine in the medicine tray is used up, or the time exceeds the predetermined number of days; the main unit will make a voice announcement to remind you to replace the medicine tray.

[0066] Step 5: The software platform analyzes medication records and the usage time of the medication storage tray to determine if the medication storage tray needs to be updated, and the medical institution arranges for the delivery of a new medication storage tray to the patient.

[0067] Step 6: Abnormalities. If the user feels that the medication is not working well, or in other situations, they can report the issue to the software system platform by pressing the button on the smart pillbox.

[0068] The smart pillbox is used under the guidance of a professional medical institution. The main unit of the smart pillbox is provided to the user by the medical institution. The user's information is written into the microprocessor of the main unit via a data cable. The main unit is kept and used by the user.

[0069] When a patient visits a medical institution, the doctor issues an electronic prescription. The prescription is then transferred to the pharmacy, which allocates a medication storage tray to the patient based on the electronic prescription. The pharmacy then packs the prescribed medication into the medicine bottle according to the number of doses required, and simultaneously writes the patient's information and the electronic prescription information into the medication storage tray's microprocessor.

[0070] The patient inserts the pre-loaded medication tray into the main unit, which automatically verifies the electronic prescription information in the tray. If the electronic prescription information in the tray does not match the patient information on the main unit, an audible and visual alarm will be triggered. Prescription verification can prevent medication errors.

[0071] During the use of the pillbox, the user only needs to take the prescribed medication according to the frequency provided by the doctor and the audio-visual prompts on the pillbox. The pillbox automatically records the time of medication when the user takes out the corresponding medicine bottle. If the user does not take out other medicine bottles according to the audio-visual prompts, the pillbox will alarm to remind the user of medication error. If the wrong medicine bottle is not returned to its original position in time within a certain period of time, it will be recorded as incorrect medication.

[0072] This invention relates to a smart pillbox product based on medication effectiveness evaluation and adherence management. It features automatic audio-visual reminders for medication time, records medication time, type, and dosage during administration, and, through data linkage with a chronic disease management platform and combined with the user's health monitoring data, allows doctors to assess the effectiveness of medication use, providing scientific data support for the patient's accurate treatment process. Compared to existing technologies, this invention offers medication delivery services, and electronic prescription verification during medication distribution prevents users from accidentally taking the wrong medication.

[0073] The above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments. It should not be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to fall within the patent protection scope defined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent medicine box based on evaluation of medicine effectiveness and management of compliance, characterized by, The utility model relates to a medicine storage device, which comprises a host computer (1) and a medicine storage tray (2), wherein the host computer (1) and the medicine storage tray (2) are connected through a spring connector for data interaction; the host computer (1) comprises a microprocessor and a power module connected to the microprocessor; the medicine storage tray (2) is provided with a medicine storage tray placing table (9) connected to the bottom of the medicine storage tray (2); the medicine storage tray (2) comprises a microprocessor and an induction device connected to the microprocessor; a magnet is installed at the bottom of a medicine storage bottle (4) for detecting whether the medicine storage bottle (4) exists in the current medicine storage compartment. 2.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicine storage tray (2) is replaceable. 3.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management of claim 1, characterized in that: The medicine storage bottle (4) is made of a light-transmitting material. 4.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management of claim 1, wherein: The host computer (1) and the medicine storage tray (2) are connected through a buckle. 5.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management of claim 1, wherein: The power module comprises an indicator light module, a button module, a wireless module and a battery module. 6.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wireless module comprises one or more of WIFI, 4G network and Bluetooth module. 7.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management of claim 1, wherein: The lower part of the medicine storage tray placing table (9) is provided with a medicine storage tray placing table guide rail (10) and a medicine storage tray placing table guide rail (11). 8.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the medicine storage tray (2) is provided with a medicine storage tray guide groove (12). 9.The smart medicine box based on medicine effectiveness evaluation and compliance management of claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The medicine storage tray placing table (9) is connected to the bottom of the medicine storage tray (2) through a groove connection.

10. A method for using the smart medicine box based on the evaluation of medicine effectiveness and the management of compliance according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: setting a medicine taking reminder time through a connection device; Step 2: when the smart medicine box reaches the predetermined time, the smart medicine box plays a voice reminder through a loudspeaker, the bottom indicator light of the corresponding medicine storage bottle is lit to provide light indication; Step 3: a medicine taker or a family member takes out the medicine storage bottle at the lighted position from the smart medicine box to take medicine, and the smart medicine box saves the medicine taking record; if the medicine taker takes out a medicine storage bottle that is not at the lighted position, the smart medicine box plays a voice prompt to remind the medicine taker that the medicine storage bottle is taken incorrectly, and records an incorrect medicine taking if the medicine taker does not put the medicine storage bottle back to the original position within a time limit; Step 4: repeating steps 1-3 until all the medicines in the medicine storage tray are taken or the time exceeds the predetermined time; the host computer plays a voice prompt to remind to replace a new medicine storage tray; Step 5: a software platform analyzes the medicine taking record and the use time of the medicine storage tray to determine whether the medicine storage tray needs to be replaced, and a medical institution arranges to distribute a new medicine storage tray to the medicine taker; Step 6: if the medicine taker thinks that the medicine taking effect is not good or other conditions, the smart medicine box is pressed to feed back to the software system platform.

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