Edible fungus cultivation material as well as preparation method and application thereof
By combining corn cobs, rapeseed straw, soybean meal, leonurine, naringenin, and compound microbial agents, the problems of nutrient imbalance, weak resistance to contaminants, and poor water retention and aeration in traditional edible mushroom cultivation materials have been solved, achieving high yield and low pollution in edible mushroom cultivation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511669646.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-02
AI Technical Summary
Traditional edible mushroom cultivation substrates suffer from problems such as nutrient imbalance, weak resistance to contaminating microorganisms, and difficulty in balancing water retention and aeration, resulting in low yields and high contamination rates, which affect the efficiency and quality of large-scale edible mushroom cultivation.
A combination of corn cob, rapeseed straw, soybean meal, leonurine, naringenin, and compound microbial agents (Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pediococcus pentosaceus) is used to form a cultivation substrate with a porous structure, rich nutrients, and antibacterial properties through fermentation and mixing, which promotes mycelial growth and inhibits miscellaneous bacteria.
It increased the yield of edible fungi, reduced the contamination rate of miscellaneous fungi, achieved more efficient edible fungi cultivation, and improved the stability and commercial value of cultivation.
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Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to an edible mushroom cultivation material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] The selection of the main material of the traditional edible mushroom cultivation material has been single for a long time, and is mainly dependent on one type of material such as sawdust, cotton seed hulls, and corn cobs, which are agricultural or forestry wastes, and is used alone without scientific component matching and optimization, thereby deriving three core technical pain points, which seriously restrict the efficiency and quality of the large-scale cultivation of edible mushrooms.
[0003] Firstly, the nutritional imbalance problem is prominent. The nutritional components of the single main material are relatively single, and it is difficult to meet the comprehensive needs of carbon, nitrogen elements and trace elements for the growth of edible mushrooms: on the one hand, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is prone to serious imbalance (or carbon source is excessive, or nitrogen source is insufficient), which breaks the optimal nutritional environment for mycelial growth; on the other hand, the substrate generally lacks key trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, and zinc, and the double factors cause slow mycelial colonization speed and weak growth, and further cause poor development of fruiting bodies, which are often small in size and deformed in shape, and the commodity value is greatly reduced.
[0004] Secondly, the ability to resist miscellaneous bacteria is inherently weak. The physical structure and chemical environment (such as pH value and carbon-nitrogen ratio) of the cultivation material composed of a single main material are easy to form suitable growth conditions for miscellaneous bacteria, especially typical competitive miscellaneous bacteria such as Trichoderma and Penicillium. These miscellaneous bacteria will compete with edible mushroom mycelium for nutrients and living space, resulting in a high contamination rate of miscellaneous bacteria in the cultivation material, which is generally maintained at 15%-20%, not only causing waste of raw materials and labor costs, but also causing regional cultivation risks due to the spread of miscellaneous bacteria.
[0005] Thirdly, it is difficult to balance water retention and air permeability. The particle morphology and fiber structure of the single main material are relatively uniform, and lack of gradient pores: if a material with fine and dense fibers (such as cotton seed hulls) is selected, the substrate is prone to be cemented after watering due to water absorption, causing pore blockage and mycelial asphyxiation death; if a material with coarse particles (such as sawdust) is selected, the water retention capacity is extremely poor, and water is easily lost quickly, which requires frequent watering, increasing the management cost, and easily affecting the stability of mycelium due to the violent alternation of wet and dry substrate, ultimately leading to large fluctuations in the yield of edible mushrooms.
[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to find a method that can improve the yield of edible mushrooms and reduce the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria. SUMMARY
[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide an edible mushroom cultivation material and a preparation method and application thereof to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:
[0009] The present application provides an edible mushroom cultivation material, comprising the following components in mass parts:
[0010] 10-25 parts of corn cob, 10-20 parts of rape straw, 5-8 parts of soybean meal, 1-3 parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt, 1-2 parts of naringenin, 1-2 parts of sugar and 1-3 parts of a compound microbial agent;
[0011] The compound microbial agent comprises Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pediococcus pentosaceus.
[0012] Preferably, the edible mushroom cultivation material comprises the following components in mass parts:
[0013] 20 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of rape straw, 7 parts of soybean meal, 2 parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt, 2 parts of naringenin, 2 parts of sugar and 2 parts of a compound microbial agent;
[0014] Or, 15 parts of corn cob, 15 parts of rape straw, 6 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of Leonurus japonicus Houtt, 2 parts of naringenin, 2 parts of sugar and 2 parts of a compound microbial agent.
[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the Candida utilis bacterial liquid, the Lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid, the Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid, the Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension and the Pediococcus pentosaceus bacterial liquid in the compound microbial agent is 2:3:1:3:2.
[0016] Preferably, the effective viable cell count of the Candida utilis bacterial liquid is 1.2×10 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable cell count of the Lactobacillus plantarum bacterial liquid is 1.3×10 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable cell count of the Trichoderma harzianum bacterial liquid is 1.1×10 9 CFU / mL; the effective spore count of the Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension is 1.2×10 8 CFU / mL; and the effective viable cell count of the Pediococcus pentosaceus bacterial liquid is 1.0×10 9 CFU / mL.
[0017] Further preferably, the sugar comprises glucose.
[0018] Further preferably, the edible mushroom comprises Agaricus bisporus.
[0019] The present application provides a preparation method of the edible mushroom cultivation material described above, comprising the following steps:
[0020] Mixing the corn cob, the rape straw, the sugar and the compound microbial agent, and performing fermentation to obtain a mixture;
[0021] The mixture, the leonurine, and the naringin are mixed to obtain the edible fungus cultivation substrate.
[0022] Preferably, the mass ratio of the bacterial suspensions of *Candida utilis*, *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension, and *Pediococcus pentosaceus* in the compound bacterial agent is 2:3:1:3:2.
[0023] Preferably, the effective viable count of the *Candida utilis* culture is 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable count of the *Lactobacillus plantarum* bacterial suspension was 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable count of the *Trichoderma harzianum* culture was 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective spore count of the *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 / mL; the effective viable count of the *Pediococcus pentosaceus* bacterial suspension is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
[0024] Preferably, the fermentation temperature is 35°C and the time is 8 hours.
[0025] More preferably, the edible fungus includes button mushrooms.
[0026] This invention provides the application of the above-mentioned edible fungi cultivation substrate in any one or more of the following:
[0027] (1) Increase the yield of edible fungi;
[0028] (2) Reduce the contamination rate of edible fungi by miscellaneous bacteria.
[0029] More preferably, the edible fungus includes button mushrooms.
[0030] The present invention provides a method for cultivating edible fungi, comprising cultivating the edible fungi in the above-mentioned edible fungi cultivation substrate.
[0031] More preferably, the edible fungus includes button mushrooms.
[0032] As an additional option, the present invention provides a method for increasing the yield of edible fungi and / or reducing the contamination rate of edible fungi by miscellaneous bacteria, comprising cultivating the edible fungi in the aforementioned edible fungi cultivation substrate.
[0033] More preferably, the edible fungus includes button mushrooms.
[0034] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:
[0035] This invention provides a substrate for edible fungi cultivation, comprising corn cob, rapeseed straw, soybean meal, leonurine, naringenin, sugar, and a compound microbial agent; the compound microbial agent comprises Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. In this invention, the corn cob has a porous honeycomb structure, providing a long-lasting carbon source and a breathable framework, with a water holding capacity of about 55%, which can buffer the compaction after watering and provide a "breathing channel" for mycelium. Rapeseed straw supplements cellulose and lignin, synergistically regulating the carbon source release rate with the corn cob. Simultaneously, rapeseed straw contains a small amount of plant-derived trace elements (such as potassium and magnesium), enriching the nutritional structure of the cultivation substrate. Soybean meal has a protein content ≥43%, providing readily available organic nitrogen and trace elements such as sulfur, calcium, and magnesium, reducing the initial C / N ratio from 80:1 to 30:1, meeting the rapid nitrogen-locking needs of mycelium. Its oligosaccharides can also serve as a starting carbon source for lactic acid bacteria in the compound inoculant, accelerating the colonization of beneficial bacteria. Leonurus alkaloids are natural phenylacetamide alkaloids that can selectively inhibit other bacteria without affecting edible fungi, and can also induce a mild burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mycelium, activating the expression of extracellular enzyme genes such as laccase and cellulase, shortening the bag filling time by 2-3 days. d; Naringin is a flavonoid antioxidant that scavenge •OH free radicals, protects the integrity of mycelial membrane lipids, and synergistically broadens the antibacterial spectrum with leonurine, reducing the contamination rate of other microorganisms; Sugar, as a fast-acting carbon source, provides "fuel" for the initiation of the compound microbial agent, promoting the growth of Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Pediococcus pentosaceus at 48°C. Within a short period, a dominant bacterial community forms, seizing ecological niches and inhibiting secondary invasion by other microorganisms. *Candida utilis* secretes B vitamins and organic acids, providing growth factors for edible fungi and consuming free oxygen to create a micro-anaerobic environment, which is beneficial for the subsequent proliferation of lactic acid bacteria. *Lactobacillus plantarum* and *Pediococcus pentosaceus* produce lactic acid and phenyllactic acid, rapidly lowering the pH to 4.2-4.8, forming an acid barrier. Their cell wall peptidoglycan can induce "immune memory" in edible fungi mycelia, increasing their tolerance to competitive pressure from other microorganisms. *Trichoderma harzianum* colonizes and produces chitinase and antibiotic peptides, targeting *Penicillium* and *Nematosporium* spores; it forms a "chemical-biological" dual antifouling system with leonurine and naringenin. *Pseudomonas fluorescens* synthesizes hematophilia, competing for Fe in the environment. 3+ This inhibits the sporulation of contaminating microorganisms. Therefore, it is evident that each component of the edible mushroom cultivation substrate provided by this invention has a different function and can produce a synergistic effect, maximizing the yield of edible mushrooms while reducing the contamination rate of other microorganisms, thus providing a new direction for edible mushroom cultivation. Detailed Implementation
[0036] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.
[0037] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.
[0038] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.
[0039] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.
[0040] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.
[0041] Unless otherwise specified, the components and strains used in this invention are all obtained by those skilled in the art through conventional purchase, and the methods used in this invention are all methods well known to those skilled in the art.
[0042] Candida utilis: Purchased from Wuhan Gray Algae Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number HZB188490. Activation and culture were performed on malt extract agar medium (130.0g malt extract powder, 0.1g chloramphenicol, 15.0g agar, pH 6.0±0.2). The culture temperature was 37℃.
[0043] Lactobacillus plantarum: Purchased from Wuhan Gray Algae Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number HZB129606. Activation and culture were performed using MRS medium (10 g / L peptone, 10 g / L beef extract, 4 g / L yeast extract, 20 g / L glucose, 4 g / L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 5 g / L sodium acetate, 0.2 g / L magnesium sulfate, 0.05 g / L manganese sulfate, 1 g / L Tween-80, 2 g / L triammonium citrate, and 20 g / L agar, pH 5.5-6.0). Culture temperature: 37℃.
[0044] Trichoderma harzianum: Purchased from Wuhan Gray Algae Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number HZB120761. Activation and culture were performed using PDA medium (potato 200g / L, glucose 20g / L, agar 18g / L, pH 6.5). Culture temperature: 25-28℃.
[0045] Pediococcus pentosaceus: Purchased from Wuhan Gray Algae Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number HZB222557. Activation and culture were performed using peptone-beef extract medium (peptone 10.0 g / L, beef extract 8.0 g / L, yeast extract 4.0 g / L, glucose 20.0 g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.2 g / L, sodium acetate 5.0 g / L, diammonium hydrogen citrate 2.0 g / L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2.0 g / L, manganese sulfate 0.04 g / L, Tween 80 1.0 g / L, and agar 14.0 g / L, pH 5.7±0.2). Culture temperature: 30℃.
[0046] *Pseudomonas fluorescens*: Purchased from Wuhan Gray Algae Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number HZB138415. Activation and culture were performed using nutrient agar medium (10.0 g / L peptone, 3.0 g / L beef meal, 5.0 g / L sodium chloride, and 15.0 g / L agar, pH 7.3±0.1). Culture temperature: 30℃.
[0047] Bacillus subtilis: Purchased from Wuhan Gray Algae Biotechnology Co., Ltd., catalog number HZB116530. Activation and culture were performed using peptone-beef meal medium (10.0 g peptone, 3.0 g beef meal, 5.0 g sodium chloride, and 15.0 g agar, pH 7.3±0.1). Culture temperature: 28℃.
[0048] Preparation Example 1
[0049] The activated *Candida utilis* was inoculated onto malt extract agar medium and cultured at 37°C for 24 hours to obtain a *Candida utilis* culture. The effective viable count of *Candida utilis* in this culture was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
[0050] The activated *Lactobacillus plantarum* was inoculated into MRS medium and cultured at 37℃ for 24 hours to obtain a *Lactobacillus plantarum* bacterial suspension. The effective viable count of *Lactobacillus plantarum* in this suspension was 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
[0051] The activated *Trichoderma harzianum* was inoculated into PDA medium and cultured at 25°C for 24 hours to obtain a *Trichoderma harzianum* culture. The effective viable count of *Trichoderma harzianum* in the culture was 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. 9CFU / mL.
[0052] Activated *Pseudomonas fluorescens* was inoculated onto nutrient agar medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours to obtain a spore suspension. The effective spore count of this *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 8 per mL.
[0053] The activated *Pediococcus pentosaceus* was inoculated into peptone-beef extract medium and cultured at 30°C for 24 hours to obtain a *Pediococcus pentosaceus* bacterial suspension. The effective viable count of *Pediococcus pentosaceus* in this suspension was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
[0054] The activated Bacillus subtilis was inoculated into peptone-beef meal medium and cultured at 28℃ for 24 hours to obtain a Bacillus subtilis bacterial suspension. The effective viable count of Bacillus subtilis in the bacterial suspension was 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
[0055] The bacterial culture obtained in this preparatory example was used for subsequent experiments.
[0056] Example 1
[0057] An edible mushroom cultivation substrate, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0058] The mixture consisted of 20 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 7 parts soybean meal, 2 parts leonurine, 2 parts naringenin, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent. The mass ratio of the compound microbial agent containing Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension, and Pediococcus pentosaceus was 2:3:1:3:2.
[0059] Preparation method of edible mushroom cultivation substrate:
[0060] The aforementioned corn cobs, rapeseed straw, glucose, and compound microbial agent were mixed and fermented to obtain a mixture; the fermentation temperature was 35℃ and the time was 8 hours.
[0061] The obtained mixture, leonurine, and naringenin are mixed to obtain the edible fungus cultivation substrate.
[0062] Example 2
[0063] An edible mushroom cultivation substrate, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0064] The mixture consisted of 15 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 6 parts soybean meal, 3 parts leonurine, 2 parts naringenin, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent. The mass ratio of the compound microbial agent containing Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension, and Pediococcus pentosaceus was 2:3:1:3:2.
[0065] The preparation method of edible fungi cultivation substrate is the same as in Example 1.
[0066] Comparative Example 1
[0067] An edible mushroom cultivation substrate, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0068] The mixture consisted of 15 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 6 parts soybean meal, 3 parts leonurine, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent. The mass ratio of the compound microbial agent containing Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension, and Pediococcus pentosaceus was 2:3:1:3:2.
[0069] The preparation method of edible fungi cultivation substrate is the same as in Example 1.
[0070] Comparative Example 2
[0071] An edible mushroom cultivation substrate, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0072] The mixture consisted of 15 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 6 parts soybean meal, 2 parts naringenin, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent. The mass ratio of the compound microbial agent containing Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension, and Pediococcus pentosaceus was 2:3:1:3:2.
[0073] The preparation method of edible fungi cultivation substrate is the same as in Example 1.
[0074] Comparative Example 3
[0075] An edible mushroom cultivation substrate, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0076] The mixture consisted of 15 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 6 parts soybean meal, 3 parts leonurine, 2 parts naringenin, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent. The mass ratio of the compound microbial agent containing Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension, and Pediococcus pentosaceus was 2:3:1:3:2.
[0077] The preparation method of edible fungi cultivation substrate is the same as in Example 1.
[0078] Comparative Example 4
[0079] An edible mushroom cultivation substrate, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
[0080] The mixture consisted of 15 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 6 parts soybean meal, 3 parts leonurine, 2 parts naringenin, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent. The mass ratio of the compound microbial agent containing Candida utilis, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens spore suspension, and Pediococcus pentosaceus was 2:3:1:3:2.
[0081] The preparation method of edible fungi cultivation substrate is the same as in Example 1.
[0082] Application Example 1
[0083] Water was sprayed onto the surface of the cultivation substrates prepared in Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-4 to adjust the moisture content of the substrates to 70%. Agaricus bisporus spawn was then inoculated using a method of sowing half the spawn in holes and the other half by surface broadcasting. The spawn dosage was 0.5 kg / m³. 2 .
[0084] Mycelium growth and casing: After sowing, close doors and windows to keep warm and moist for 3 days. When the mycelium germinates and feeds on the substrate, turn on the fresh air fan for a small amount of ventilation. After the mycelium has grown all over the surface of the cultivation substrate, then casing is done. The casing material used is a mixture of loess and peat moss. Before using the casing material, add 5% lime powder to adjust the pH value to 8 and the moisture content to 25%. Then disinfect it with 3% formaldehyde, cover it with a film and fumigate for 2 days. After that, spread it out to dry for 24 hours and adjust the moisture content to 25%.
[0085] Mushroom growth and harvesting: After covering with soil, the temperature of the substrate was maintained at around 25℃ and the humidity at around 95% by controlling the air temperature and return air rate in the mushroom house. On the 4th day after covering with soil, water was sprayed on the bed surface for 2 days to maximize the water holding capacity of the substrate. On the 9th day after covering with soil, the temperature was lowered and ventilation was increased to reduce the CO2 concentration and promote fruiting. During the fruiting period, the air temperature was 15℃, the humidity was around 90%, and the CO2 concentration was around 800ppm. Mushroom management was carried out according to routine procedures. The total yield, contamination rate, and biological efficiency were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0086] Table 1. Statistical results of total yield, contamination rate and biological efficiency of Agaricus bisporus.
[0087]
[0088] As shown in Table 1, Examples 1-2 exhibit significant advantages in terms of total yield, contamination rate, and biological efficiency. Comparative Examples 1-2 revealed that omitting leonurine or naringenin reduced the total yield, contamination rate, and biological efficiency of *Agaricus bisporus*. Similarly, in Comparative Examples 3-4, replacing a single strain also reduced the total yield, contamination rate, and biological efficiency. Therefore, the combination provided by this invention has a synergistic effect.
[0089] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A substrate for edible fungi cultivation, characterized in that, The components include the following parts by weight: 10-25 parts corn cob, 10-20 parts rapeseed straw, 5-8 parts soybean meal, 1-3 parts leonurine, 1-2 parts naringenin, 1-2 parts sugar and 1-3 parts compound microbial agent; The compound microbial agent includes Candida utilis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Trichoderma harzianum, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Pediococcus pentosaceus.
2. The edible fungus cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edible fungi cultivation substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 7 parts soybean meal, 2 parts leonurine, 2 parts naringin, 2 parts sugar and 2 parts compound microbial agent; Alternatively, 15 parts corn cob, 15 parts rapeseed straw, 6 parts soybean meal, 3 parts leonurine, 2 parts naringenin, 2 parts sugar, and 2 parts compound microbial agent.
3. The edible fungus cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the bacterial suspensions of *Candida utilis*, *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension, and *Pediococcus pentosaceus* in the compound bacterial agent is 2:3:1:3:
2.
4. The edible fungus cultivation substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The effective viable count of the *Candida utilis* culture was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable count of the *Lactobacillus plantarum* bacterial suspension was 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable count of the *Trichoderma harzianum* culture was 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective spore count of the *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 / mL; the effective viable count of the *Pediococcus pentosaceus* bacterial suspension is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
5. The method for preparing the edible fungus cultivation substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The corn cobs, rapeseed straw, sugar, and compound microbial agent are mixed and fermented to obtain a mixture. The mixture, the leonurine, and the naringin are mixed to obtain the edible fungus cultivation substrate.
6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the bacterial suspensions of *Candida utilis*, *Lactobacillus plantarum*, *Trichoderma harzianum*, *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension, and *Pediococcus pentosaceus* in the compound bacterial agent is 2:3:1:3:
2.
7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The effective viable count of the *Candida utilis* culture was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable count of the *Lactobacillus plantarum* bacterial suspension was 1.3 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective viable count of the *Trichoderma harzianum* culture was 1.1 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL; the effective spore count of the *Pseudomonas fluorescens* spore suspension was 1.2 × 10⁻⁶ CFU / mL. 8 / mL; the effective viable count of the *Pediococcus pentosaceus* bacterial suspension is 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. 9 CFU / mL.
8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fermentation temperature was 35℃ and the time was 8 hours.
9. The use of the edible fungi cultivation substrate according to any one of claims 1-4 in any one or more of the following: (1) Increase the yield of edible fungi; (2) Reduce the contamination rate of edible fungi by miscellaneous bacteria.
10. A method for cultivating edible fungi, characterized in that, This includes cultivating the edible fungi onto the edible fungi cultivation substrate as described in any one of claims 1-4.